Daimler History2-奔驰精彩历史篇章2
最值得珍藏的古董音响
最值得珍藏的古董音響所謂的古董音響Vintage Audio，不是看器材的外觀是不是古色古香，而是指約70 年代(含) 之前所生產，而且稱得上是經典(或至少優秀) 的產品。
在這裡，我們放寬標準，把一些80 年代的傑出器材也列入，讓你有更多機種可以參考，選擇。
...論頻寬、解析、動態，古董音響"大多" 不是現代音響的對手，但是，精準又乾淨的聲音一定令人滿意嗎?!事實證明，聽音樂，絕對不只是科學、科技上的追求而已。
古董音響因為...1. 音樂性絕佳，具有大多數現代音響所沒有的獨特感染力。
2. 零件多為真材實料，且多採手工搭棚方式製造，經久耐用。
3. 外觀具獨特風格，對喜好復古的人，有莫名的吸引力。
4. 價格較現代音響產品合理太多(部分炒作過度者除外)。
因而持續受到許多特定音響迷的喜愛。
...不過，想玩古董音響得先有"心理準備"。
撇開外觀的老舊、生鏽、傷痕... 不談，內部零件的老化，甚至毀壞，通常無可避免，勢必要翻新(摩改)。
但大規模的整修，除了得花上不少錢(可能不比買一台老機器便宜)，還得擔心原有的老零件難尋，若拿現代零件取代，又可能喪失原有的韻味的尷尬局面(尤其是前級)。
不喜歡"麻煩" 的人，最好三思，要不要踏入古董音響的領域?!...另外，由於本地的氣候潮濕，就算你有幸從國外找得保存狀況良好的器材，也不免很快就鏽蝕斑斑。
建議用防鏽油，定期擦拭保養，才能讓她永保美麗。
...以下為部分最負盛名的"名器"。
但不代表這些器材一定無可挑剔，或無可匹敵。
而且選購時，尚必須考量其二手商品的事實，及零件老化、外觀磨損的狀況，仔細評估，是否值得珍藏?! 價格是否合理?!...物超所值: ★炒作過度: ★外型出眾: ★經典古董喇叭Acoustic Research : AR-3 (1959) ★/ AR-3a (1964) ★Advent : Loudspeaker (Large) (Old) (1969) ★/ Loudspeaker (Large) (New) (1978) ★Altec : A5 (1941) / A7 (1945)Apogee : Scintilla (1980) ★B&W : Matrix 801 (1979) ★/ Matrix 802 (1979) ★Dahlquist : DQ-10 (1974) ★Denon : SC-880 (1988) ★★Diatone : P-610 (1958) ★/ DS-251 (1970) ★/ DS-28B (1974) ★/DS-1000 (1983) ★★/ DS-2000 (1985) ★★/ DS-10000 (1985) ★Dynaco : A-25 (1969) ★EIectro V oice : Patrician 600 (1953) / Patrician 800 (1971)Goodmans : Maxim (1961) ★Jbl : Paragon (D44000) (1957) ★/ L101 (1965) / L100 (1971) ★/4310 (1971) ★/ 4350 (1973) / 4343 (1976) / 4344 (1982)Jensen : G610 + Imperial (1950) ★Harbeth : LS 3/5a (1975) ★★Kenwood : LS-M7 (1989) ★★Kef : LS 3/5a (1975) ★★Klh : Model 6 (1968) ★/ Model 9 (1968) ★Klipsch : Klipschorn (1946) / La Scala (1963) ★/ Belle Klipsch (1971) ★Linn : Isobarik (1976)Onkyo : Monitor 500 (1984) ★★/ D-77XG (1989) ★★Pioneer (Exclusive) : EW-302 (Model 2301) (1982) / S-101 (1987) ★★/ S-701 (1987) ★★/ S-707 (1987) ★★/ S-3000 (1987) ★Quad : ESL-57 (1957) ★/ ESL-63 (1982) ★Rogers : LS 3/5a (1975) ★★/ LS 5/8 (1976) ★/ LS 5/9 (1976) ★Snell : Type A (1978) ★Spendor : BC1 (1972) ★/ LS 3/5a (1975) ★★/ SP1 (1983) ★Spica : TC-50 (1983) ★Amesbury (1974) / Arden (1975) / Cheviot (1975) ★/ Arundel (1982)Technics : SB-10000 (1977) / SB-E100 (1978) / SB-E200 (1978) /SB-MX7 (1987) ★★Victor (Jvc) : SX-3 (1973) ★★/ SX-5 (1973) ★★/ SX-511 (1987) ★★/ SX-500 (1988) ★★/ SX-521 (1988) ★★Yamaha : NS-1000 (1978) ★/ NS-100M (1979) ★經典古董後級- 電晶體Crown : DC 300 (1967) ★Jbl : SE460 (1973) ★Mark Levinson : ML-2 (1977)Quad : 303 (1967) ★經典古董後級- 真空管Acrosound : Stereo 120 (1961) ★Altec : 350A (1959) ★Armstrong : A10 Mk2 (1957)Audiomaster : UL-II (1957) ★/ 11A (1959) ★Bbc : AM8/1 (1957 by Sound Sales) ★/ AM8/4 (1960 by Sound Sales) / AM8/6 (?)Beam Echo (Avantic) : DL7-35 (1958) ★★Conrad-Johnson : MV-75 (1983) ★Dynaco : ST-70 (1959) ★/ ST-35 (1964) ★Eico : HF-14 (1958) / HF-22 (1958) ★/ HF-30 (1958) ★/HF-35 (1958) ★/ HF-50 (1958) / HF-60 (1958)Fisher : 50A (1954) ★/ 50AZ (1955) / 55A (1955) / 80AZ (1955) /30A (1958) / SA-100 (1959) / SA-300 (1960) / SA-1000 (1962) ★/680A (1962) ★Harman Kardon : Citation II (1959) ★/ Citation V (1959) ★Heathkit : W-3M (1954) ★/ W-4M (1958) ★/ W-5M (1958) ★★Leak : TL12 (1948) ★/ TL25 (1948) / TL12.1 (1950) ★/TL25A (1953) / TL12+ (1956) ★/ TL25+ (1956) ★/ TL50+ (1957) ★/ST-20 (1958) / ST-50 (1958) / ST-60 (1961)Lowther : LL15S (1960)Luxman : MB-88 (1966) ★★/ MQ-60 (1969) ★★/ MQ-80 (1974) ★★/ MB-3045 (1976) ★★/ MQ-70 (1978) ★★/ MB-88 Ultimate (1982) ★/ MQ-50 (1983) ★/ MB-300 (1984) ★★/ MQ-360 (1985) ★Marantz : 2 (1956) ★/ 9 (1960) ★★/ 8B (1962) ★★Mcintosh : MC30 (1954) / MC60 (1954) / MC40 (1960) / MC75 (1960) ★/ MC225 (1960) / MC240 (1960) ★/ MC275 (1962) ★Michaelson & Austin : TV A-1 (1970) ★Pilot : AA-901 (1952) / SA-232 (1958) ★/ SA-260 (1958) ★/SA-264 (1961) ★Pye : PF91 (1954) / HF25 (1958) / HFS20 (Mozart) (1959)Quad : II (1954) ★Radford : STA12 (1960) / MA15 (1961) / STA15 (1962) / MA25 (1962) ★/ STA25 (1965)Radio Craftsmen : C500 (1953)Rca : MI-9377 (1954) / MI-12191 (SP-20) (1954) ★/ LMI-32216 (1957) ★★Rogers : Cadet II (1963) / Cadet III (1964)Scott : 208 (1961) ★Sound Sales : Model 12/14 (1946) / A-Z Junior (?)Stromberg-Carlson : AP-55 (1955) ★/ AP-428 (1957) ★Western Electric : 86B (1934) ★/ 91A (1936) ★/ 124 (1939) ★/131A (1940) ★/ 142A (1942) ★/ KS-16608 (?) ★經典古董前級- 電晶體Audio Research : SP-5 (1977) ★Jbl : SG520 (1973) ★Marantz : 7T (1967) ★Mark Levinson: LNP-2 (1975) ★/ LNP-2L (1977) ★Quad : 33 (1967) ★經典古董前級- 真空管P.S. 約1956 年前生產的古董前級，只有mono 輸出，所以需要兩台，請注意! Audio Research : SP-3 (1972) ★/ SP-6 (1978) ★/ SP-10 (1982) ★/SP-11 (1985) ★/ SP-9 (1987) ★Beam Echo (Avantic) : SP-21 (1959) ★Conrad Johnson : PV-2a (1981) ★/ Premier 3 (1983) ★Counterpoint : SA-11 (1984) / SA-5000 (1990)Dynaco : PAM-1 (1957)Eico : HF-65 (1956) / HF-85 (1958) / ST-84 (1960) ★Electro V oice : PRC-1 (1955)Fisher : 50-C (1953) ★/ 80-C (1956) / 400-C (1959) ★/400-CX (1961) ★/ 400-CX II (1962) ★Grommes : 211 (1956) / 207 (1957) / 209 (1960)Heathkit : WA-P2 (1954) ★★Lafayette : KT-300 (1957) ★/ KT-600 (1958) ★Leak : Varislope (1952) ★/ Varislope II (1954) ★/ Varislope Ⅲ(1956) ★/ Varislope Stereo (1962) ★/ Varislope 2 Stereo (1965) ★Luxman : CL-35 (1970) ★Marantz : 7C (1959) ★★Mcintosh : C20 (1959) ★/ C11 (1961) ★/ C22 (1962) ★★Pilot : PA-911 (1952) / PA-913 (1955) / SP-210 (1958) ★/SP-215 (1959) / SP-216 (1960)Pye : PF91A (1954) / HF25A (1958) / HFS20 (Mozart) (1959)Quad : 22 (1957) ★Radio Craftsmen : C300 (1953) / C350 (1954)Rca : MI-12150 (1953) / LMI-32215 (1957) ★Scott : 121-A (1953) / 121-C (1956) / 130 (1958) / 122 (1960) ★/LC-21 (1961)Siemens : 6SELA 2154 (1959)Sound Sales : A-Z Junior (?)經典古董綜合擴大機- 電晶體Accuphase : E-303 (1978) ★/ E-302 (1984) ★★Denon : PMA-970 (1980) ★★/ PMA-790 (1982) ★Hitachi (Lo-D) : HA-500F (1975) ★★/ HA-1100 (1975) ★★Jbl : SA600 (1966) ★Kenwood (Trio) : KA-7300 (1975) ★/ KA-9300 (1976) ★/ KA-9900 (1978) ★Kyocera : A-710 (1985) ★★Luxman : L-309 (1973) ★★/ L-100 (1975) ★★/ L-58A (1979) ★★Marantz : 1060 (1971) ★/ 1122DC (1977) ★McIntosh : MA5100 (1966) ★★ / MA6100 (1972) ★★/ MA6200 (1978) ★Nad : 3020 (1978) ★Pioneer (Exclusive) : SA-910 (1973) ★/ SA-9900 (1974) ★/ A-900 (1979) ★Sansui : AU-777 (1967) ★/ AU-9500 (1972) ★/ AU-7700 (1975) ★★/AU-9900 (1975) ★Sony : TA-1120F (1972) ★/ TA-F333ESX (1986) ★Victor : JA-S75 (1976) ★★/ A-X9 (1979) ★★/ A-X77 (1982) ★Yamaha : CA-1000 (1973) ★/ A-9 (1979) ★/ A-2000 (1983) ★經典古董綜合擴大機- 真空管Bell : 2199 (1956) / 3DT (1957) ★Dynaco : SCA-35 (1964) ★Eico : HF-81 (1959) ★/ AF-4 (1964) ★Electro V oice : A-20 (1956)Fisher : X-100 (1959) ★/ X-101 (1961) ★/ X-202 (1962) ★/KX-200 (1962) ★/ X-1000 (1962) ★Heathkit : AA-191 (1954)Luxman : SQ-38D (1964) ★/ SQ-38FD (1970) ★/ SQ-38FD II (1974) ★/L-38 (1978) ★/ LX-38U (1981) ★Mcintosh : MA230 (1963) ★Rogers : Cadet III (1964) ★Sansui : AU-111 (1965) ★★Scott : 299 (1960) ★/ 299C (1961) ★經典古董收音擴大機(Receiver)Fisher : 400 (1964) ★★/ 500-C (1964) ★★Kenwood (Trio) : KR-5600 (1977) ★/ KR-4070 (1978) ★Marantz : 2285 (1977) ★/ 2385 (1977) ★Mcintosh : MAC 1500 (1965) ★★/ MAC 1700 (1967) ★★/ MAC 1900 (1974) ★Pilot : 654 (1962) ★Pioneer (Exclusive) : C-2000 (1969) ★★/ SX-800A (1969) ★★/SX-434 (1973) ★/ SX-1250 (1976) ★/ SX-1980 (1978) ★Sansui : 500 (1964) ★★/ 500A (1964) ★★/ 1000A (1964) ★★/1000X (1967) ★★/ SAX-500 (1967) ★★/ QRX-6500 (1973) ★/9090 (1976) ★經典古董收音機(Tuner)Kenwood (Trio): KT-815 (1980) ★/ KT-917 (1980) ★/ L-01T (1979) ★/L-02T (1982) ★Marantz : 10B (1964) ★★Mcintosh : MR65 (1960) ★★/ MR67 (1963) ★★/ MR71 (1965) ★★/ MR78 (1972) ★/ MR80 (1973) ★Pioneer (Exclusive) : TX-9500 (1977) ★/ TX-9800 (1979) ★Sansui : TU-717 (1977) ★/ TU-919 (1979) ★經典古董LP 轉盤- 惰輪Dual : 1019 (1970) ★/ 1219 (1971) ★Emt : 927 (1951) ★/ 930 (1956) ★Garrard : 301 (1954) ★★/ 401 (1965) ★Lenco : L75 (1967) ★Rek-O-Kut : B-12H (1954) ★Thorens : TD 124 (1956) ★★經典古董LP 轉盤- 皮帶Acoustic Research : AR Turntable (1961) ★/ AR XA (1963) ★Ariston : RD11 (1971) ★/ RD80 (1983) ★/ RD40 (1984) ★Connoisseur : BD2/A (1977) ★Empire : 208 (1960) ★/ 598 (1965) ★Linn : Sondek LP12 (1972) ★★/ Axis (1987) ★★Luxman : PD 300 (1982) ★Micro Seiki : BL-51 (1980) ★★/ BL-71 (1980) ★★/ BL-91 (1980) ★★/ SX-777 (1981) ★/ BL-77 (1982) ★★/ RX-2000 (1982) ★Rega : Planar 3 (1977) ★Thorens : TD 150 (1966) ★/ TD 125 (1969) ★/ TD 160 (1972) ★/經典古董LP 轉盤- 直驅Denon : DP-80 (1978) ★★/ DP-60L (1980) ★★/ DP-75M (1981) ★★/DP-100M (1982) ★Emt : 938 (1982) ★★Kenwood (Trio) : KD-500 (1976) ★★/ L-07D (1979) ★/ KP-700 (1981) ★★/ KP-1100 (1985) ★★Luxman : PD 441 (1978) ★★/ PD 444 (1978) ★★Micro Seiki : DD-100 (1976) ★★Pioneer (Exclusive) : P10 (1979) ★/ PL-50 (1980) ★★/ PL-70 (1981) ★★/ P3a (1983) ★Sansui : SR-838 (1977) ★★/ SR-929 (1977) ★★Sony : PS-X9 (1977) ★/ PS-X800 (1981) ★Technics : SP-10 (1970) ★★/ SL-1200 (1972) ★/ SP-15 (1979) ★Thorens : TD 524 (1982) ★★Toshiba (Aurex) : SR-P90 (1982) ★★Victor : QL-7R (1977) ★★/ QL-A95 (1982) ★★/ QL-A70 (1983) ★★Yamaha : GT-2000 (1982) ★★/ GT-1000 (1983) ★★經典古董唱臂Audiocraft : AC-3000、AC-4000 (1980) ★/ AC-3300、AC-4400 (1984) ★★Empire : 980 (1963) ★/ 990 (1965) ★Fidelity Research : FR-64、FR-66 (1978) ★★Grace : G-707 (1979) ★Linn : Ittok LV II (1979) ★/ Basik Plus (LVX+) (1987) ★Micro Seiki : MA-505 (1980) ★/ MAX-237、MAX-282 (1980) ★★Ortofon : RMG-212、RMG-309 (1959) ★★/ RS-212、RS-309 (1959) ★Rega : RB300 (1983) ★Sme : 3009、3012 (1959)Stax : UA-7、UA-70 (1970) ★★/ UA-9、UA-90 (1979) ★經典古董唱頭從缺(選購時盡量以新品為主)經典古董CD 唱盤從缺(選購時盡量以新品為主)經典古董線材Audio Research : Litz (?) ★Cello : Strings (?) ★Kimber Kable : 4PR (1979) ★/ 4TC (1985) ★Western Electric : 各種線材(1930、40) ★...古董音響中的四大天王P.S.以下排名僅供"趣味性" 或"選購時" 之參考，主要依據目前市場上"大致的評價"，但不代表其品質，或表現，無可匹敵，或無可挑剔。
EN 300400
N e w p r e s e n t a t i o n - s e e H i s t o r y b ox I NTERIM E UROPEAN I-ETS 300 400T ELECOMMUNICATION March 1995S TANDARDSource: ETSI TC-TEReference: DI/TE-04115ICS:33.080Key words:ISDN, telephony, payphone Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN);Telephony terminals;PayphonesETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards InstituteETSI SecretariatPostal address: F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE Office address: 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE X.400: c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - Internet: secretariat@etsi.fr Tel.: +33 92 94 42 00 - Fax: +33 93 65 47 16Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1995. All rights reserved.Page 2I-ETS 300 400: January 1995Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content, typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to "ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.Page 3I-ETS 300 400: January 1995ContentsForeword (5)Introduction (5)1Scope (6)2Normative references (7)3Definitions and abbreviations (8)3.1Definitions (8)3.2Abbreviations (8)4Network access (8)4.1General (8)4.2Designation (9)4.3Emergency calls (9)5Telephony functions (9)5.1General (9)5.2Suppression of transmission (9)5.3Inductive coupling (9)6Message functions (9)6.1General (9)6.2Provision of messages (9)6.3Message content (10)6.3.1General (10)6.3.2Language (10)6.4Audio messages (10)6.4.1Speech messages (10)6.4.2Tones (10)7Keypad functions (10)7.1Network addressing (10)7.2Interworking with payment card (10)8Payment methods (11)8.1General (11)8.2Coins/Tokens (11)8.2.1Repayment (11)8.2.2Expiry of credit (11)8.3Prepayment cards (11)8.3.1Return of card (11)8.3.2Expiry of credit (11)8.4Credit and charge cards (11)8.4.1Magnetic stripe card interface (11)8.4.2Return of card (11)8.5IC cards (12)8.5.1General (12)8.5.2Return of card (12)8.5.3Electronic signals and transmission protocols (12)9Power fail requirements (12)9.1Emergency calls (12)9.1.1Designated terminal (12)9.1.2Other terminals (12)Page 4I-ETS 300 400: January 19959.2Payment retention (12)Annex A (normative):Test specifications (13)A.1General conditions for testing (13)A.1.1Test environment (13)A.1.2Test equipment interface (13)A.1.3Test equipment requirements (13)A.1.4Alternative test methods (13)A.1.5Audio message level (13)A.1.5.1Speech messages (13)A.1.5.2Tones (13)A.1.6Return of coins or tokens (13)A.1.7Return of prepayment card (14)A.1.8Return of credit card (14)A.1.9Return of IC card (14)Annex B (informative):Payphone facilities (15)B.1Application recognition (15)B.2Authentication (15)B.3Card Holder Verification (15)B.4Charge card calling (15)B.5Cost optimization (15)B.6Cost of service calculation (16)B.7Data transmission, card/host (16)B.8Dialling - fixed addresses (16)B.9Dialling - last number repeat (16)B.10Dialling - prefix conversion (16)B.11Dialling - short code (16)B.12Remote key pad (17)B.12.1Encrypting key pad (17)B.12.2PIN-pad identification (17)B.13Language recognition (17)B.14Unblocking key - terminal support (17)B.15Validity check - black list (17)B.16Validity check - white list (17)B.17Voice encryption (17)Annex C (informative):Bibliography (18)History (19)Page 5I-ETS 300 400: January 1995 ForewordThis Interim European Telecommunication Standard (I-ETS) was produced by the Terminal Equipment Technical Committee (TC-TE) of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).An ETSI standard may be given I-ETS status as it is regarded either as a provisional solution ahead of a more advanced standard, or because it is immature and requires a "trial period". The life of an I-ETS is limited, at first, to three years after which it can be converted into an European Telecommunication Standard (ETS), have its life extended for a further two years, be replaced by a new version of the I-ETS or be withdrawn.This I-ETS describes the required technical characteristics of Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) 3,1 kHz payphone terminals as described in clause 1 (Scope).Terminal equipment may be subject to mandatory standards such as NET 3 (CTR3 in preparation) and CTR 8.IntroductionA payphone service may be provided in a number of ways ranging from a simple self-contained terminal to a complex arrangement of terminal and central processing equipment which interact with one another. A number of methods of payment are possible, ranging from coins or tokens, through to various types of prepayment cards, credit cards and "smart" cards.In general, the complexity of the apparatus required is determined by the facilities offered, the reliability required and the level of assurance that the service provider requires in the validation of the payment.This I-ETS is intended to specify the requirements of that set of functions of a payphone terminal that are necessary to support the range of facilities that may be required in such a variety of terminal apparatus.Some types of payphones may be subject to National or European legislation requiring the mandatory provision of certain facilities. Examples are the provision of inductive coupling or the provision of a printer. This I-ETS does not specify requirements for operation in any particular environments.Page 6I-ETS 300 400: January 1995Blank pagePage 7I-ETS 300 400: January 1995 1ScopeThis I-ETS specifies technical characteristics (electrical, mechanical, logical and acoustic) for a payphone terminal using the 3,1 kHz telephony service which can be connected to an ISDN basic access at the coincident S and T reference point at an interface to a public telecommunications network presented as an ISDN basic access point.The requirements of this I-ETS are additional to those of the standards for connection to the ISDN basic access and of any other standards to which the terminal equipment is subject.This I-ETS is applicable to terminal equipment of the functional group defined as Terminal Equipment Type 1 (TE1) in CCITT Recommendation I.411 which supports the 3,1 kHz telephony teleservice.This I-ETS specifies all the functions necessary to provide real-time two-way speech conversation. Where a function is indicated as optional, it need not be provided, but where such a function is provided, the terminal needs to conform to the requirements and tests specified in this I-ETS.Annex B (informative) contains details of facilities that may be provided on a payphone, whilst the provision of none of these facilities is mandatory, some levels of payphone service cannot be implemented unless certain facilities are present.2Normative referencesThis I-ETS incorporates by dated or undated references, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this I-ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.[1]I-ETS 300 245-1: "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) - Technicalcharacteristics of telephony terminals - Part 1: General".[2]I-ETS 300 245-2: "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) - Technicalcharacteristics of telephony terminals - Part 2: PCM A-law handset telephony".[3]ETS 300 381: "Telephony for hearing impaired people - Inductive coupling oftelephone earphones to hearing aids, performance requirements and testingmethods".[4]EN 726-4: "Requirements for IC cards and terminals for telecommunication use- Part 4: Application independent card related terminal requirements".[5]ISO 4909 (1987): "Bank cards - Magnetic stripe data content for track 3".[6]ISO 7810 (1985): "Identification cards - Physical characteristics".[7]ISO 7811, Parts 1 to 5 (1985): "Identification cards - Recording technique".[8]ISO 7813 (1990): "Identification cards - Financial transaction cards".[9]prEN 1038: "IC card applications for telecommunications - Part 1 - IC CardPayphone".[10]ETS 300 153: "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) - Attachmentrequirements for terminal equipment to connect to an ISDN using ISDN basicaccess (Candidate NET 3, Part 1)".[11]ITU-T Recommendation P.57 (1993): "Artificial ears".[12]IEC Publication 651: "Sound level meters".Page 8I-ETS 300 400: January 1995[13]CCITT Recommendation P.56 (1988): "Objective measurement of activespeech level".3Definitions and abbreviations3.1DefinitionsFor the purposes of this I-ETS, the following definitions apply, together with the relevant definitions given in I-ETS 300 245-1 [1], I-ETS 300 245-2 [2] and in CCITT Recommendations P.10 and G.701.application: A set of security mechanisms, files, data, protocols (excluding transmission protocols) which are located and used in the Integrated Circuit (IC) card (card application) and outside of the IC card (external application).cardphone: A payphone that accepts cards as a means of payment.charge card: A form of credit card issued by a telecommunications service provider.credit card: A card which permits payment to be made at a date after receiving a service.designated terminal: A terminal that is permitted to draw power from power source 1 under restricted power conditions as specified in CCITT Recommendation I.430.follow-on call: A facility whereby a call may be cleared whilst retaining any payment as credit for a following call.Integrated Circuit Card (IC Card): A card containing a microprocessor, that can be considered as a set of files that can, e.g. be read, written, or executed (sometimes known as a "smart" card).payphone: Terminal apparatus permitting access to the telephony teleservice after the validation of suitable payment. Outgoing calls to certain services may be permitted without payment. Calls to certain services may be barred.payphone service: A service offered by means of special equipment, which permits access to telecommunications services after the validation of suitable payment. The service may be offered by a self-contained terminal or by interaction between a terminal and other apparatus accessed over the network.prepayment card: A card providing payment for a service by means of a stored value paid for in advance.3.2AbbreviationsFor the purposes of this I-ETS, the following abbreviations apply, together with relevant abbreviations given in I-ETS 300 245-1 [1], I-ETS 300 245-2 [2] and CCITT Recommendations P.10 and G.701.CHV Card Holder VerificationCTR Common Technical RegulationIC Integrated CircuitISDN Integrated Services Digital NetworkLRGP Loudness Rating Guard-ring PositionNET Norme Européene de TélécommunicationsPCM Pulse Code ModulationRLR Receive Loudness RatingTE1Terminal Equipment Type 1TEUT Terminal Equipment Under Test4Network access4.1GeneralThe terminal shall comply with I-ETS 300 245-1 [1].Page 9I-ETS 300 400: January 19954.2DesignationA payphone shall be capable of being a designated terminal. As an option, a switching function may be provided to remove the designation.Compliance shall be checked by inspection.4.3Emergency callsThe terminal shall permit calls to the public emergency services without the necessity for payment to be proffered.Compliance shall be checked by attempting a call to the appropriate number(s) without proffering payment.5Telephony functions5.1GeneralThe telephony functions of the terminal shall comply with I-ETS 300 245-1 [1] and I-ETS 300 245-2 [2]. 5.2Suppression of transmissionWhen it is intended to suppress speech transmission (e.g. before validation of payment or after expiry of credit), the sending sensitivity/frequency response should be attenuated by at least 60 dB.Compliance may be checked by a selective measurement of the sending sensitivity/frequency response using the test method specified for sending sensitivity/frequency response specified in I-ETS 300 245-2 [2].5.3Inductive couplingAs an option, a facility may be provided to couple inductively the speech signal to a hearing aid.Such coupling, if provided, shall comply with ETS 300 381 [3].NOTE:The provision of such a facility may be mandatory in some countries.6Message functions6.1GeneralMessages of various kinds are generally necessary in a payphone to give guidance and feedback to the user. Such messages may be internally generated in response to a number of possible stimuli. Examples include some internal logical condition or a signal derived from a key or other control device. Messages may also be generated in response to a message received from an IC card, a message from the network received over the D-channel, or a message from the payphone service provider received over a B- or D-channel.Messages may be presented to the user as an audible signal in the form of a tone or a spoken message, as a visual display in the form of a symbol or as an alpha numeric message, or even in a tactile manner in the form of braille or other language for the visually handicapped.6.2Provision of messagesThe provision of messages is optional. Where a message is provided, it shall be consistent with its stimulus.Compliance shall be checked by inspection.Page 10I-ETS 300 400: January 19956.3Message content6.3.1GeneralIt is preferable that there should be a set of basic messages associated as necessary with specified signals received by the payphone, from, for example, the network or an IC card.It should be possible to suppress the display of user related data.Typical messages may include, for example:-insert payment;-insert your card;-remove your card;-enter your number;-try again;-emergency calls only.6.3.2LanguageAt least two languages shall be supported, one of which should be English. Means of language selection are described in EN 726-4 [4].6.4Audio messages6.4.1Speech messagesSpeech messages originated by the payphone shall be presented at a level of - 14 dBPa ± 6 dB long term rms while active when the Receive Loudness Rating (RLR) is at the nominal value.Compliance shall be checked by the test described in annex A, subclause A.1.5.6.4.2TonesTones originated by the payphone shall be presented at a level of - 5 dBPa ± 4 dBPa when the Receive Loudness Rating (RLR) is at the nominal value.Compliance shall be checked by the test described in annex A, subclause A.1.5.7Keypad functions7.1Network addressingAny control information transmitted over the D-channel as a result of a key operation shall be consistent with the marking on the key.Compliance shall be checked by inspection.7.2Interworking with payment cardAny signal appearing at a payment card interface as a result of a key operation shall be consistent with the marking on the key.Compliance shall be checked by inspection.8Payment methods8.1GeneralA payphone shall support at least one method of payment. Payment methods are optional (e.g. coins, tokens, coded cards), and the validity of such payment may be verified by any means acceptable to the payphone service provider.8.2Coins/Tokens8.2.1RepaymentPayphones which provide a coin/token operated prepayment facility shall return any coins/tokens proffered which have not been used as payment for the call upon call clearing initiated by the payphone, unless a follow-on call facility has been activated.Compliance shall be checked by the test described in annex A, subclause A.1.6.8.2.2Expiry of creditA warning shall be given to the user before the expiry of any credit.Compliance shall be checked by inspection.8.3Prepayment cards8.3.1Return of cardAny card with credit remaining shall be returned to the user at the end of a call unless a follow-on call facility has been activated.Compliance shall be checked by the test described in annex A, subclause A.1.7.NOTE: A means of alerting should be provided to warn the user to retrieve the card.8.3.2Expiry of creditA warning shall be given to the user before the expiry of any credit on the card.Compliance shall be checked by inspection.8.4Credit and charge cards8.4.1Magnetic stripe card interfaceFor a payphone that accepts magnetic stripe credit and charge cards, the card/payphone interface shall be compatible with the characteristics specified in ISO 4909 [5], ISO 7810 [6], ISO 7811 [7] and ISO 7813 [8] as applicable.8.4.2Return of cardThe card shall be returned to the user, at the latest when the call is cleared by the payphone unless a follow-on call facility has been activated.Compliance shall be checked by the test described in annex A, subclause A.1.8.NOTE: A means of alerting should be provided to warn the user to retrieve the card.8.5IC cards8.5.1GeneralA payphone that accepts IC cards shall meet the requirements of prEN 1038 [9].8.5.2Return of cardThe card shall be returned to the user, at the latest when the call is cleared by the payphone unless a follow-on call facility has been activated.Compliance shall be checked by the test described in annex A, subclause A.1.9.NOTE: A means of alerting should be provided to warn the user to retrieve the card.8.5.3Electronic signals and transmission protocolsA payphone that accepts IC cards shall meet the requirements for the electronic signals and the asynchronous/synchronous transmission protocols across the card/payphone interface that are described in clause 5 of EN 726-4 [4].9Power fail requirements9.1Emergency calls9.1.1Designated terminalA designated terminal shall under all conditions be capable of providing as a minimum the functions necessary to support telephony 3,1 kHz teleservice, a real-time 2-way speech conversation and calls to the emergency services without the need to proffer payment.Compliance shall be checked by placing the terminal under restricted power conditions, by removing all sources of local power and attempting a call to an emergency service number.9.1.2Other terminalsA payphone that is not a designated terminal shall automatically give a "not available" indication when unable to make calls.Compliance shall be checked by removing all sources of local power (including power source 1).9.2Payment retentionThe payphone shall not falsely retain payment due to any power failure.Compliance shall be checked by removing all sources of local power (including power source 1).Annex A (normative):Test specificationsA.1General conditions for testingA.1.1Test environmentThe test environment is described in ETS 300 153 [10], clause 4.A.1.2Test equipment interfaceThe interface on the test equipment connected to the terminal under test shall be capable of providing the signalling and supervision necessary for the terminal to be working in all test modes. The connection of the test equipment to the terminal under test at the coincident S and T reference point shall be in accordance with ETS 300 153 [10], clause 4.A.1.3Test equipment requirementsartificial ear: The default artificial ear is the ITU-T Recommendation P.57 [11] type 1 artificial ear.When measuring low acoustic impedance receivers the ITU-T Recommendation P.57 [11], type 3.2 artificial ear shall be used. The low leakage option shall be adopted. Sound pressure measurements shall be referred to the Ear Reference Point (ERP) by the correction characteristic specified in ITU-T Recommendation P.57 [11].sound level meter: The sound level measurement equipment shall conform to IEC Publication 651 [12], type 1. The "I" detector characteristic shall be used.speech voltmeter: The speech voltmeter shall conform to CCITT Recommendation P.56 [13].A.1.4Alternative test methodsThe requirements of this I-ETS were written on the basis of the standard test methods described in this annex. For some parameters, it is recognised that alternative test methods may exist. It shall be the responsibility of the test house to ensure that any alternative method used is equivalent to that described in this annex.A.1.5Audio message levelA.1.5.1Speech messagesThe handset is mounted at the Loudness Rating Guard-ring Position (LRGP) and the earpiece is sealed to the knife-edge of the artificial ear.The Terminal Equipment Under Test (TEUT) is caused to generate a message and the speech level in the artificial ear shall be determined using a speech voltmeter using method B of CCITT Recommendation P.56 [13].A.1.5.2TonesThe handset shall be mounted in the Loudness Rating Guard-ring Position (LRGP) and the ear piece shall be sealed to the knife-edge of an artificial ear.The sound pressure shall be measured by connecting the sound level meter to the artificial ear.A.1.6Return of coins or tokensA call shall be set up using suitable coins or tokens as means of payment, and the call shall be cleared down whilst coins or tokens remain unused.Unused coins or tokens shall be returned to the user.A.1.7Return of prepayment cardA call shall be set up using a suitable prepayment card as means of payment, and the call shall be cleared down before the credit on the card is fully used.The card shall be returned to the user.A.1.8Return of credit cardA call shall be set up using a suitable credit card as means of payment, and the call shall be cleared down.The card shall have been returned to the user by the completion of this operation.A.1.9Return of IC cardA call shall be set up using a suitable IC card as means of payment, and the call shall be cleared down. The card shall have been returned to the user by the completion of this operation.Annex B (informative):Payphone facilitiesThis annex contains descriptions of some possible payphone facilities that can be provided using the functions specified in the body of this I-ETS.Whilst the provision of none of these facilities is mandatory, some levels of payphone service cannot be implemented unless certain facilities are present.In general this will be a matter for agreement between the supplier and the payphone service provider, but the provision of certain facilities in regulated payphones may be subject to legislation.B.1Application recognitionA facility whereby the terminal reads an IC card and determines whether it can support the application(s) resident on the card, so that it can then proceed according to the rules defined for that application.If the application that is desired cannot be supported, the card is returned to the user and an appropriate message is displayed.The provision of such a facility would typically involve the keypad functions (clause 7), the IC card function (subclause 8.5) and the message functions (clause 6).B.2AuthenticationIf two parties wish to communicate, then each party may wish to satisfy itself that the other is genuine. In the case of an IC card, the two parties are the card and the outside world, which includes everything outside the card.The process of authentication may therefore typically involve the keypad function (clause 7), the message functions (clause 6) and the electronic signal and transmission protocols of the IC card (subclause 8.5.3).B.3Card Holder VerificationCard Holder Verification (CHV) enables the user to prove identity by entering a Cardholder Verification code and/or by the input of biometric information.In the case of a CHV entry, the keypad/keyboard of the terminal or a separate and secure PIN-pad may be used.The provision of such a facility would typically involve the keypad functions (clause 7), the IC card function (subclause 8.5), possibly the network access function (subclause 4.1) and possibly a biometric reader function (unspecified).B.4Charge card callingA facility which allows a user to make a call from a cardphone and have the charges for the call automatically charged to a service subscriber's account number as defined by information contained on the card.Such a service utilises procedures defined in CCITT/ITU-T Recommendations E.116, and E.118 and ITU-T Recommendation E.113.The provision of such a facility would typically involve the keypad functions (clause 7), the credit card function (subclause 8.4), the IC card function (subclause 8.5) and the network access function (subclause4.1).B.5Cost optimizationThis facility would allow the terminal to determine the least cost communication route using information resident on an IC card.Provision of this facility would typically involve the network access function (subclause 4.1), the keypad functions (clause 7) and the electronic signals and transmission protocols of the IC card (subclause 8.5.3).B.6Cost of service calculationA facility whereby the terminal calculates and displays the cost of providing the chosen service or the cost of a call using information derived from the network or from its own internal intelligence.Such a facility may make use of the ISDN supplementary service of Advice of Charge (ETS 300 178, ETS 300 179, ETS 300 180, ETS 300 181).Provision of this facility would typically involve the network access function (subclause 4.1), the keypad functions (clause 7) and the message functions (clause 6).B.7Data transmission, card/hostThis is a facility whereby an IC card can communicate directly with a host computer, e.g. to receive a new application or to update an existing one. This dialogue could be carried on whilst the user is using some other service provided by the terminal.Signalling could be over any available channel and might involve use of the user signalling bearer service defined in ITU-T Recommendation I.232.3.Provision of this facility would typically involve the network access function (subclause 4.1), and the electronic and signals transmission protocols (subclause 8.5.3).B.8Dialling - fixed addressesThis facility automatically dials a number determined by the card application selected by the user. For an IC card, this should be in accordance with prEN726-6.Provision of this facility would typically involve the network access function (subclause 4.1), the keypad function (clause 7), and the electronic signal and transmission protocols of the IC card (subclause 8.5.3).B.9Dialling - last number repeatA facility whereby the last number dialled to access the network may be stored automatically. Where the number is stored within an IC card in accordance with prEN726-6, the number may then subsequently be redialled from the terminal or from another IC card terminal.Provision of this facility would typically involve the network access function (subclause 4.1), the keypad function (clause 7), and the electronic signal and transmission protocols of the IC card (subclause 8.5.3).B.10Dialling - prefix conversionA facility whereby when an IC card of one nationality is inserted into a terminal of a second nationality, and a telephone number is selected from a directory on the card, the appropriate national prefixes are inserted into the dialled number in accordance with prEN726-6.Provision of this facility would typically involve the network access function (subclause 4.1), the keypad function (clause 7), and the electronic signal and transmission protocols of the IC card (subclause 8.5.3).B.11Dialling - short codeA facility whereby a long number stored on an IC card may be dialled by dialling a shorter directory code. The terminal is expected to generate the correct prefixes dependent on the country, area and network accessed.Provision of this facility would typically involve the network access function (subclause 4.1), the keypad function (clause 7) and the electronic signal and transmission protocols of the IC card (subclause 8.5.3).。
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orti-b-22
ORTI 2.2 Part B © by OSEK Document: ORTI-B-22.docOSEK/VDXOSEK Run Time Interface (ORTI)Part B: OSEK Objects and AttributesVersion 2.225. November 2005This document is an official release and replaces all previously distributed documents. The OSEK group retains theright to make changes to this document without notice and does not accept any liability for errors.All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission inwriting from the OSEK/VDX steering committee.PrefaceOSEK/VDX is a joint project of the automotive industry. It aims at an industry standard foran open-ended architecture for distributed control units in vehicles.For detailed information about OSEK project goals and partners, please refer to the “OSEKBinding Specification”.General conventions, explanations of terms and abbreviations have been compiled in theadditional inter-project "OSEK Overall Glossary".Regarding implementation and system generation aspects please refer to the "OSEKImplementation Language" (OIL) specification.OSEK ORTI Part B: OSEK Objects and Attributes© by OSEK 2ORTI 2.2 Part B © by OSEK 3Table of Contents1 Overview (5)1.1 Scope (5)1.1.1 Generation of Information (5)2 Standard ORTI Objects and Attributes (6)2.1 Kernel version (6)2.2 General attributes (6)2.2.1 Attribute VALID (6)2.3 Object OS (7)2.3.1 Attribute RUNNINGTASK (7)2.3.2 Attribute RUNNINGTASKPRIORITY (7)2.3.3 Attribute RUNNINGISR2 (7)2.3.4 Attribute SERVICETRACE (8)2.3.5 Attribute LASTERROR (8)2.3.6 Attribute CURRENTAPPMODE (8)2.4 Object TASK (8)2.4.1 Attribute PRIORITY (9)2.4.2 Attribute STATE (9)2.4.3 Attribute STACK (9)2.4.4 Attribute CURRENTACTIVATIONS (9)2.4.5 Attribute CONTEXT (9)2.5 Object CONTEXT (9)2.5.1 Attribute ADDRESS (10)2.5.2 Attribute SIZE (10)2.6 Object STACK (11)2.6.1 Attribute SIZE (11)2.6.2 Attribute BASEADDRESS (11)2.6.3 Attribute STACKDIRECTION (11)2.6.4 Attribute FILLPATTERN (12)2.7 Object ALARM (12)2.7.1 Attribute ALARMTIME (12)2.7.2 Attribute CYCLETIME (12)2.7.3 Attribute STATE (12)2.7.4 Attribute ACTION (13)2.7.5 Attribute COUNTER (13)2.8 Object RESOURCE (13)2.8.1 Attribute STATE (13)2.8.2 Attribute LOCKER (13)2.8.3 Attribute PRIORITY (13)2.9 Object MESSAGECONTAINER (14)2.9.1 Attribute MSGNAME (14)2.9.2 Attribute MSGTYPE (14)2.9.3 Attribute QUEUESIZE (14)2.9.4 Attribute QUEUECOUNT (14)2.9.5 Attribute FIRSTELEMENT (15)3 Vendor specific objects and attributes (16)4 Sample ORTI File (17)4 © by OSEK ORTI 2.2 Part BAppendix A Interpretation of SERVICETRACE (22)A.1 Operation of SERVICTRACE (22)A.2 Debuggers' Interpretations (22)A.2.1 Overview (22)A.2.2 Simple Interpretation (23)A.2.3 Intelligent Interpretation (23)History (24)ORTI 2.2 Part B © by OSEK 51 Overview1.1 ScopeThe OSEK Run Time Interface (ORTI) is intended as a universal interface for development tools to the OSEK Operating System. The interface intends to enable the attached tool to evaluate and display information about the operating system, its state, its performance, the different task states, the different operating system objects etc.1.1.1 Generation of InformationInformation about the OSEK configuration and status availability can be made available at generation of the configuration header files by the system generator. System generators are provided with each OSEK implementation and connect configuration information to C header files. They are capable of providing all necessary information including configuration information and internal code and data addresses to the attached tool. The ORTI file is typically generated at build time by the OSEK manufacturer’s System Generator, as shown infigure 1.The configuration information will remain static during the debug session (or until a new software version is compiled) and serves as an information basis. Additionally the ORTI file contains dynamic information as a set of attributes that are represented by formulas to access corresponding dynamic values. Formulas for dynamic data access are comprised of constants, operations, and symbolic names within the target file. The debug tool to obtain internal values of the required OS objects can then evaluate the given formula.Figure 1 - ORTI Aware Debugging System6 © by OSEK ORTI 2.2 Part B2 Standard ORTI Objects and AttributesORTI is intended for the description of applications in any OSEK implementation. It describes a set of attributes for system objects and a method for interpreting the data obtained. The types defined in the section are specified to allow the debugger to determine the target memory access method as well as the best way of displaying the retrieved data. In most cases the information that the user will require to see is a textual description of an attribute rather than the actual value read from the variable.An example of this is as follows; when a user requests the current state of a task he will expect to see something like RUNNING, WAITING, READY or SUSPENDED, instead of the actual numeric value that is used by the OS to represent this information internally. For this reason KOIL (see part A) has been introduced, which allows a kernel manufacturer to describe how an internal OS value must be mapped to a descriptive value. This approach is independent of OSEK as it allows any kernel manufacturer to specify a set of kernel objects to be displayed by any debugger.However, KOIL treats all object types the same. So, a debugger cannot assume any specific properties of the objects displayed. For example, task objects are displayed similar to stack objects and no specific debugging features belonging to these objects can be assumed. This is “Part A” compliant debugging, which gives basic kernel awareness.This document defines a set of recommended objects and attributes, and their semantics. Any objects and attributes that use the names in this document must also have the semantics defined.2.1 Kernel versionThe name of the semantics described in this document is “ORTI”. This document describes the semantics version “2.2”.All ORTI files using this specification with the version of this document must have the following kernel version:OSSEMANTICS = "ORTI", "2.2";2.2 General attributes2.2.1 Attribute VALIDType : CTYPEEvery object declaration may contain a VALID attribute telling the debugger whether the object's attributes are currently valid. It may have an integer type of any size. Its possible values are 0 (invalid) and non zero (object is valid).ORTI 2.2 Part B © by OSEK 72.3 Object OSThe OS object represents an OSEK Operating System that runs on the target CPU. There can only be one OS object in an ORTI file. For example: OS sampleOS { CURRENTAPPMODE = "osAppMode"; RUNNINGTASK = "osRunningTask"; SERVICETRACE = "osServiceTrace"; RUNNINGISR2 = "osRunningISR"; };The following attributes belong to the object OS:2.3.1 Attribute RUNNINGTASKType: ENUMThis attribute specifies how to evaluate the task currently in state RUNNING within the OS object.RUNNINGTASK is set to NO_TASK while no task is in running state.Example (part of OS object): ENUM [ "NO_TASK" = 0, "TaskA" : TaskA = 1, "TaskB" : TaskB = 2 ] RUNNINGTASK;2.3.2 Attribute RUNNINGTASKPRIORITYType: ENUM or CTYPEThis attribute specifies how to evaluate the current priority of the task referred by RUNNINGTASK. The current priority can be different from the static task priority as a result of priority ceiling protocol. The priority displayed is the priority as defined in the OIL file.2.3.3 Attribute RUNNINGISR2Type: ENUMThis attribute specifies how to evaluate the category 2 ISR currently running within the OS object.RUNNINGISR2 is set to NO_ISR while no category 2 ISR is running.Example (part of OS object): ENUM [ "NO_ISR" = 0, "ISRA" = 1, "ISRB" = 2 ] RUNNINGISR2;8 © by OSEK ORTI 2.2 Part B2.3.4 Attribute SERVICETRACEType: ENUMThis attribute indicates the entry or exit of a service routine and the ID of this service routine. The value of this attribute must be evaluated from one single memory location. This attribute must be traceable (TOTRACE).The least significant bit of this attribute indicates the entry (= 1) or exit (= 0) of a service routine. All service IDs must be even ENUM values.See Appendix A for a detailed description of SERVICETRACE.2.3.5 Attribute LASTERRORType: ENUMAttribute for the last error code detected not equal E_OK. At startup the error code is initialized with E_OK. It is never set back to E_OK after first error.Example: ENUM [ "E_OK" = 0, "E_OS_ACCESS" = 1, "E_OS_CALLEVEL" = 2, "E_OS_ID" = 3, "E_OS_LIMIT" = 4, "E_OS_NOFUNC" = 5, "E_OS_RESOURCE" = 6, "E_OS_STATE" = 7, "E_OS_VALUE" = 8 ] LASTERROR; 2.3.6 Attribute CURRENTAPPMODEType: ENUMAttribute that describes the current application mode.Example: ENUM [ "OSDEFAULTAPPMODE" = 0, "OSDIAGNOSTIC" = 1 ] CURRENTAPPMODE;2.4 Object TASKA TASK object represents an OSEK task. For example: TASK sampleTask { PRIORITY = "taskPriority[1]"; STATE = "taskA->state"; STACK = "STACK_1"; };The following attributes belong to the object TASK:2.4.1 Attribute PRIORITYType: ENUM or CTYPEThis attribute represents the current priority of the TASK object. The current priority can bedifferent from the static task priority as a result of priority ceiling protocol. The prioritydisplayed is the priority as defined in the OIL file.2.4.2 Attribute STATEType: ENUMThis attribute contains the current state of the TASK object. The possible states of a TASKare as follows:•SUSPENDED•READY•RUNNING•WAITING2.4.3 Attribute STACKType: ENUMThis attribute contains a reference to the stack object that the task is currently using.2.4.4 Attribute CURRENTACTIVATIONSType: CTYPEThis attribute specifies the number of current activations for the task.2.4.5 Attribute CONTEXTType: ENUMThis attribute contains a reference to the context object that the task is currently using.2.5 Object CONTEXTThe CONTEXT object declaration describes a subset of the information saved by theoperating system for a particular task.A CONTEXT is uniquely attached to a task.The _CPU_ prefix is reserved for attributes that describe processor specific information andmust not be used to describe any other information.Register names must consist of the _CPU_ prefix and the register name.Example: _CPU_X will be used for the X register.ORTI 2.2 Part B © by OSEK 910 © by OSEK ORTI 2.2 Part B 2.5.1 Attribute ADDRESSType: CTYPEThis attribute represents the base address of a memory area containing a subset of the context. The format and interpretation of that area is not part of this document.The intent of this attribute is to provide access to context information, which may not be provided by other attributes. 2.5.2 Attribute SIZEType: CTYPEThis attribute represents the size (in bytes) of the memory area described in 2.5.1.Example of CONTEXT object:IMPLEMENTATION myOSEK { ... TASK { ... ENUM [ "ContextA":ContextA = 0x2030, // Reference to "ContextA" CONTEXT Object "ContextB":ContextB = 0x2100, "ContextC":ContextC = 0x3000 ] CONTEXT; ... } CONTEXT { CTYPE VALID; /* if TRUE (!= 0), context is valid */ CTYPE ADDRESS; CTYPE SIZE; CTYPE _CPU_PC; /* value of program counter ‘PC’ */ CTYPE _CPU_SP; /* value of register ‘SP’ */ CTYPE _CPU_R0; /* value of register ‘R0’ */ CTYPE _CPU_R1; /* value of register ‘R1’ */ ... } } ...Definitions of the CONTEXT objects, which may be referenced by TASK objectsTASK TaskA { ... CONTEXT = "&tcb[0]"; ... }; CONTEXT ContextA { VALID = "taskA->state != RUNNING"; ADDRESS = "&tcb[0]"; SIZE = "0x20"; _CPU_PC = "taskA->stack->PC"; _CPU_SP = "taskA->stack"; _CPU_R0 = "taskA->stack->R0"; _CPU_R1 = "taskA->stack->R1"; ... );CONTEXT ContextB {VALID = "taskB->state != RUNNING";ADDRESS = "&tcb[1]";SIZE = "0x20";_CPU_PC = "taskB->stack->PC";_CPU_SP = "taskB->stack";_CPU_R0 = "taskB->stack->R0";_CPU_R1 = "taskB->stack->R1";...};2.6 Object STACKThe STACK object defines the memory area of any stack in the system. For example, if three tasks are present each with an individual stack space, then three STACK objects will be present in the ORTI file. For example:STACK sampleStack {SIZE = "0x200";BASEADDRESS = "stack[1]";STACKDIRECTION = "UP";FILLPATTERN = "0xAA55";};The STACK object can have the following attributes:2.6.1 Attribute SIZEType: CTYPEThis attribute represents the size (in bytes) of a memory area allocated for stack.2.6.2 Attribute BASEADDRESSType: CTYPEThis attribute specifies the lowest address of stack memory area, regardless of the stack direction.2.6.3 Attribute STACKDIRECTIONType: STRINGThis attribute specifies the direction of stack growth and may have either “UP” or “DOWN” as its value. UP means growing from lower to higher addresses. DOWN means growing from higher addresses to lower addresses.Example:2.6.4 Attribute FILLPATTERNType: CTYPEIf the operating system fills the stack during initialisation, this attribute specifies with which pattern the stack area is initialised. This allows the debugger to evaluate the maximum stack usage.For STACKDIRECTION DOWN the pattern starts at BASEADDRESS. For STACKDIRECTION UP the pattern starts at BASEADDRESS+SIZE. If no pattern is used, this attribute must be omitted.2.7 Object ALARMAn ALARM object represents an OSEK alarm.The following attributes belong to the object Alarm:2.7.1 Attribute ALARMTIMEType: CTYPEThis attribute specifies how to evaluate the time until the alarm expires next.2.7.2 Attribute CYCLETIMEType: CTYPEThis attribute specifies how to evaluate the cycle time for cyclic alarms. The value of CYCLETIME is 0 for non-cyclic alarms.2.7.3 Attribute STATEType: ENUMThis attribute specifies if an Alarm is RUNNING or STOPPED.Example:ENUM ["STOPPED" = 0,"RUNNING" = 1] STATE, "Alarm State";2.7.4 Attribute ACTIONType: STRINGThis attribute provides a string with a description of the action when the alarm expires, e.g. “ActivateTask TaskA”.2.7.5 Attribute COUNTERType: STRINGThis attribute provides a string containing the name of the counter used by this alarm.2.8 Object RESOURCEA RESOURCE object represents an OSEK resource.The RESOURCE object can have the following attributes:2.8.1 Attribute STATEType: ENUMThis attribute represents the state of a resource (LOCKED/UNLOCKED).Example:ENUM ["UNLOCKED" = 0,"LOCKED" = 1] STATE, "Resource State";2.8.2 Attribute LOCKERType: ENUMThis attribute indicates the name of the locking TASK/ISR.2.8.3 Attribute PRIORITYType: STRINGThis attribute has two components that state: that the RESOURCE is used by TASKs only or by TASKs and ISRs, and the priority that will be used when locking the RESOURCE.Example 1:In the case where a RESOURCE is used by two TASKS at priorities 3 and 5 the result might be:RESOURCE res1 {PRIORITY = "TASK: 5";}Example 2:In the case where a RESOURCE is used by at least one ISR at priority 2 and one TASK at priority 5 the result might be:RESOURCE res2 {PRIORITY = "ISR: 2";}Example 3:In the case where a RESOURCE is used by two ISRs at priorities 2 and 4 the result might be:RESOURCE res3 {PRIORITY = "ISR: 4";}2.9 Object MESSAGECONTAINEREach existing combination of Messages and ACCESSORRECEIVED is described with an own MESSAGECONTAINER object.The following attributes belong to the object MESSAGECONTAINER:2.9.1 Attribute MSGNAMEType: STRINGName of the message as defined in OIL file.2.9.2 Attribute MSGTYPEType: STRINGType of the message: “QUEUED” or “UNQUEUED”.2.9.3 Attribute QUEUESIZEType: CTYPESize of the queue for queued messages. One for unqueued messages.2.9.4 Attribute QUEUECOUNTType: CTYPENumber of valid messages in the queue. One for unqueued messages.2.9.5 Attribute FIRSTELEMENTType: CTYPEFormula for evaluation of address of first valid message. This message will be received next. If no message is in the queue the value is zero.Example:MESSAGECONTAINER {STRING MSGNAME; /* message name (name in OIL file) */STRING MSGTYPE; /* "QUEUED" or "UNQUEUED" */CTYPE "unsigned char" QUEUESIZE; /* queue size (undefined for unqueued msg.) */ CTYPE "unsigned char" QUEUECOUNT; /* number of valid entries */CTYPE "cdatatype*" FIRSTELEMENT; /* formula for evaluation of first elem. */ } , "MESSAGE";MESSAGECONTAINER MessageA_RxTaskC{MSGNAME = "MessageA";MSGTYPE = "QUEUED";QUEUESIZE = "5";QUEUECOUNT = "msg_a.count";FIRSTELEMENT = "&(msg_a.data[msg_a.rd_idx])";}3 Vendor specific objects and attributesORTI allows the definition of vendor specific objects and attributes. To avoid name conflicts with new versions of the ORTI specification, vendors must use the prefix vs_ for vendor specific names.4 Sample ORTI File/***********************//* Declaration Section *//***********************/VERSION {KOIL = "2.2";OSSEMANTICS = "ORTI", "2.2";};IMPLEMENTATION VendorX_ORTI {OS {ENUM ["basicTaskFirst" = "&(gTaskControlBlocks[0])","extendedTaskFirst" = "&(gTaskControlBlocks[1])", "extendedTaskSecond" = "&(gTaskControlBlocks[2])" ] RUNNINGTASK, "Running Task Identification";ENUM "unsigned char" ["51" = 0,"50" = 1,"30" = 2,"10" = 3] RUNNINGTASKPRIORITY, "Priority of Running Task";ENUM "unsigned char" ["NO_ISR" = 0,"Timer2Int" = 1,"CanRxInt" = 2,"CanTxInt" = 3] RUNNINGISR2, "Running ISR of category 2";TOTRACE ENUM "unsigned char" ["ActivateTask" = 2,"TerminateTask" = 4,"ChainTask" = 6,"Schedule" = 8,/* ... */"StartOS" = 52,"ShutdownOS" = 54] SERVICETRACE, "OS Services Watch";ENUM "unsigned char" ["E_OK" = 0,"E_OS_ACCESS" = 1,"E_OS_CALLEVEL" = 2,"E_OS_ID" = 3,"E_OS_LIMIT" = 4,"E_OS_NOFUNC" = 5,"E_OS_RESOURCE" = 6,"E_OS_STATE" = 7,"E_OS_VALUE" = 8] LASTERROR, "Last OSEK error";ENUM "unsigned char" ["DEFAULT_APPMODE" = 0,"DIAGNIOSTIC_MODE" = 1] CURRENTAPPMODE, "Current application mode";}, "OS";TASK {ENUM "unsigned char" ["51" = 0,"50" = 1,"30" = 2,"10" = 3] PRIORITY , "Actual Prio";ENUM "unsigned char" ["READY"=0,"RUNNING"=1,"WAITING"=2,"READY"=3,"SUSPENDED"=4] STATE, "Current State";ENUM "unsigned short *" ["Stack0" : taskStack0 = "&(taskStack0[0])","Stack1" : taskStack1 = "&(taskStack1[0])","Stack2" : taskStack2 = "&(taskStack2[0])"] STACK, "Task Stack";CTYPE "unsigned char" REMAININGACTIVATIONS, "Remaining task activations"; ENUM "unsigned short *" ["Context 0" : Context_0 = 0,"Context 1" : Context_1 = 1,"Context 2" : Context_2 = 2] CONTEXT, "Task Context";STRING vs_Home_Priority, "Home Priority";STRING vs_Task_Type, "Task Type"; /* BASIC / EXTENDED */STRING vs_Schedule, "Schedule"; /* non preemptive, full preemptive */ CTYPE "unsigned short" vs_Event_Mask, "Wait Mask";CTYPE "unsigned short" vs_Event_Flags, "Event Flags";STRING vs_max_Activations, "max. Activations";}, "Tasks";STACK {CTYPE SIZE, "Stack Size (Byte)";CTYPE "unsigned short *" BASEADDRESS, "Base Address";STRING STACKDIRECTION, "Stack Direction";CTYPE "unsigned short" FILLPATTERN, "Stack Fill Pattern";}, "Stacks";ALARM {CTYPE "unsigned long" ALARMTIME, "Alarm Time";CTYPE "unsigned long" CYCLETIME, "Cycle Time";ENUM ["STOPPED" = 0,"RUNNING" = 1] STATE, "Alarm state";STRING ACTION, "Action";STRING COUNTER, "Counter";}, "Alarms";CONTEXT {CTYPE "unsigned long" _CPU_R0, "CPU register R0";CTYPE "unsigned long" _CPU_R1, "CPU register R1";CTYPE "unsigned long" _CPU_R2, "CPU register R2";CTYPE "unsigned long" _CPU_R3, "CPU register R3";CTYPE "unsigned long" _CPU_PC, "CPU register PC";CTYPE "unsigned long" _CPU_SR, "CPU register SR";CTYPE "unsigned char" VALID;}, "Task Context";RESOURCE {ENUM "unsigned char" ["UNLOCKED" = 0,"LOCKED" = 1] STATE, "Resource State";ENUM "unsigned char" ["Task basicTaskFirst" = 0,"Task extendedTaskSecond" = 1,"ISR Timer2Int" = 2] LOCKER, "Resource Locker";STRING PRIORITY, "Ceiling priority";}, "Resources";MESSAGECONTAINER {STRING MSGNAME, "Message Name";STRING MSGTYPE, "Message Type";CTYPE QUEUESIZE, "Queue Size";CTYPE QUEUECOUNT, "Entry Count";CTYPE FIRSTELEMENT, "First Message";}, "Message Container";vs_ISR {STRING vs_Priority, "Priority";}, "ISRs";}; /* END OF IMPLEMENTATION *//***********************//* Information Section *//***********************/OS VendorX_arch {RUNNINGTASK = "gActiveTaskTcb";RUNNINGTASKPRIORITY = "osRunTaskPrio";RUNNINGISR2 = osORTIIsr2Id";SERVICETRACE = "osORTIServiceId";LASTERROR = "Last_OSEK_err";CURRENTAPPMODE = "osAppMode";};TASK basicTaskFirst {PRIORITY = "(gTaskControlBlocks[0].actualPrio)";STATE = "(gTaskControlBlocks[0].taskState)";STACK = "&(taskStack0[0])";REMAININGACTIVATIONS = "(gTaskControlBlocks[0].actCount)"; CONTEXT = "0";vs_Home_Priority = "10";vs_Task_Type = "BASIC";vs_Schedule = "FULL Preemptive";vs_Event_Mask = "0";vs_Event_Flags = "0";vs_max_Activations = "1";};TASK extendedTaskFirst {PRIORITY = "(gTaskControlBlocks[1].actualPrio)";STATE = "(gTaskControlBlocks[1].taskState)";STACK = "&(taskStack1[0])";REMAININGACTIVATIONS = "(gTaskControlBlocks[1].actCount)"; CONTEXT = "1";vs_Home_Priority = "30";vs_Task_Type = "EXTENDED";vs_Schedule = "FULL Preemptive";vs_Event_Mask = "(gTaskControlBlocks[1].eventMask)";vs_Event_Flags = "(gTaskControlBlocks[1].eventFlag)";vs_max_Activations = "1";};TASK extendedTaskSecond {PRIORITY = "(gTaskControlBlocks[2].actualPrio)";STATE = "(gTaskControlBlocks[2].taskState)";STACK = "&(taskStack2[0])";REMAININGACTIVATIONS = "(gTaskControlBlocks[2].actCount)"; CONTEXT = "2";vs_Home_Priority = "50";vs_Task_Type = "EXTENDED";vs_Schedule = "FULL Preemptive";vs_Event_Mask = "(gTaskControlBlocks[2].eventMask)";vs_Event_Flags = "(gTaskControlBlocks[2].eventFlag)";vs_max_Activations = "1";};STACK taskStack0 {SIZE = "128";STACKDIRECTION = "UP";BASEADDRESS = "&(taskStack0[0])";FILLPATTERN = "0xAA55";};STACK taskStack1 {SIZE = "128";STACKDIRECTION = "UP";BASEADDRESS = "&(taskStack1[0])";FILLPATTERN = "0xAA55";};STACK taskStack2 {SIZE = "256";STACKDIRECTION = "UP";BASEADDRESS = "&(taskStack2[0])";FILLPATTERN = "0xAA55";};ALARM myFirstAlarm {ALARMTIME = "gAlarm[0].alarmTime";CYCLETIME = "gAlarm[0].cycleTime";STATE = "(gAlarm[0].alarmTime == 0) ? 0 : 1";ACTION = "ActivateTask basicTaskFirst";COUNTER = "SystemTimer";};RESOURCE resBasic {STATE = "(gResource[0].resourceCounter != 0) ? 1 : 0";LOCKER = "gResource[0].owner";PRIORITY = "TASK: 51";};RESOURCE resTimerData {STATE = "(gResource[1].resourceCounter != 0) ? 1 : 0";LOCKER = "gResource[1].owner";PRIORITY = "ISR: 3";};CONTEXT Context_0 {_CPU_R0 = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[0].sp))[5]"; _CPU_R1 = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[0].sp))[4]"; _CPU_R2 = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[0].sp))[3]"; _CPU_R3 = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[0].sp))[2]"; _CPU_PC = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[0].sp))[1]"; _CPU_SR = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[0].sp))[0]"; VALID = "(gTaskControlBlocks[0].taskState != 1) && (gTaskControlBlocks[0].taskState != 4)";};CONTEXT Context_1 {_CPU_R0 = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[1].sp))[5]"; _CPU_R1 = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[1].sp))[4]"; _CPU_R2 = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[1].sp))[3]"; _CPU_R3 = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[1].sp))[2]"; _CPU_PC = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[1].sp))[1]"; _CPU_SR = "((unsigned long *)(gTaskControlBlocks[1].sp))[0]"; VALID = "(gTaskControlBlocks[1].taskState != 1) && (gTaskControlBlocks[1].taskState != 4)";};。
奔驰gla发展史.docx
奔驰gla发展史奔驰GLA发展史引言：奔驰GLA是一款由德国汽车制造商梅赛德斯-奔驰推出的小型跨界SUV。
自其首次推出以来，GLA在全球市场取得了巨大成功，并成为奔驰家族中备受瞩目的车型之一。
本文将为您介绍GLA的发展史，从它的起源以及每一代车型的重要里程碑开始，为您呈现GLA的演变与创新。
第一代GLA（2013-2019）：奔驰GLA的第一代车型于2013年首次亮相。
作为奔驰A级车系的衍生车型，第一代GLA定位于紧凑型跨界SUV市场，旨在满足消费者对于豪华、操控性能和多功能性的需求。
这款车搭载了各类先进科技和豪华配置，成为了深受年轻消费者喜爱的车型之一。
第一代GLA 在外观设计上注重流线型的美感，并秉承了奔驰一贯的豪华氛围。
在动力系统方面，它提供了多种引擎选择，包括汽油、柴油和性能版AMG等，满足了不同消费者的驾驶需求。
第二代GLA（2020至今）：第二代奔驰GLA于2020年推出。
新一代GLA在外观上进行了全面升级，并采用了奔驰最新的设计语言，使其更加动感和时尚。
车身尺寸有所增加，提供更宽敞的内部空间。
此外，第二代GLA还引入了一系列新的科技功能，包括MBUX人机交互系统、全景天窗、主动刹车辅助等，提升了车辆的智能化和安全性能。
GLA电动化之路：随着全球汽车行业的发展，电动化成为了行业的趋势。
奔驰也在电动化方面进行了重要探索。
2021年，奔驰推出了全新的GLA车系中的电动版本-奔驰EQA。
奔驰EQA采用了纯电动动力系统，成为奔驰电动车系的重要成员之一。
这一举措不仅使GLA车系更加多元化，也推动了奔驰在可持续出行领域的发展。
GLA在未来的发展：随着技术的不断进步和消费者需求的变化，GLA将继续进行创新和发展。
未来的GLA可能会在电动化、智能化和互联网技术上实现更大突破。
同时，GLA还将加大对可持续出行的探索和支持，推动更环保的汽车技术的发展。
结论：奔驰GLA作为一款受欢迎的小型跨界SUV，通过不断的创新和发展，不仅满足了消费者对豪华和操控性能的需求，还紧跟时代潮流，电动化和智能化成为其发展的重要方向。
汽车总动员2中英文字幕
赛车总动员2我是探员利兰·超动力紧急呼叫探员芬恩·麦导弹I have a flash transmission for Agent Finn McMissile.{\r}芬恩，我的身份已经暴露，局面已失控Finn, my cover's been compromised. Everything's gone pear-shaped.{\r}你猜我在这儿发现了什么？You won't believe what I found out here.{\r}我们从来没见过这么大的东西This is bigger than anything we've ever seen, and no one even knows it exists.{\r}甚至没人知道有这种东西存在{\r}芬恩，我需要支援Finn, I need backup, but don't call the cavalry, it could blow the operation.{\r}不过别联络装甲部队，会把行动搞砸的{\r}你要小心，这里现在不安全- And be careful. It's not safe out here. Let's go.{\r}这就把我的方位传送给你，祝你好运Transmitting my grids now. Good luck.{\r}片名：《汽车总动员2》{\r}好了，兄弟，我们到了All right, buddy, we're here.{\r} 就是你雇我带你来的地方Right where you paid me to bring you.{\r}不过你来这儿干嘛？Question is, why?{\r}我要找一辆车I'm looking for a car.{\r}一辆车？哈！A car? Ha!{\r}嘿，伙计，这是离陆地最远的地方了Hey, pal, you can't get any further away from land than out here.{\r}这就是我要来的地方Exactly where I want to be.{\r}我告诉你吧，这地方除了咱俩就没别人I got news for you, buddy. There's nobody out here but us.{\r}你在这里干什么？What are you doing out here?{\r}我还能干什么，老大？我是捕蟹船耶What does it look like, genius? I'm crabbing.{\r}那就调头，从哪儿来回哪儿去Well, turn around and go back where you came from.{\r}凭什么，我看谁敢赶我？Yeah, and who's gonna make me?{\r}行了，行了，把你的新式武器收起来吧All right. All right. Don't get your prop in a twist.{\r}真过分！抱歉朋友，看来这就是终点站了What a jerk. Sorry, buddy. Looks like it's the end of the line.{\r}人呢？Buddy?{\r}通知：所有工人上码头报到Incoming. All workers report to the loading dock.{\r}芬恩·麦导弹呼叫利兰·超动力Leland Turbo, this is Finn McMissile. I'm at the rally point. Over.{\r}我已到达集结地点，完毕{\r} 好的，伙计们，你们知道规矩All right, fellas, you know the drill.{\r}芬恩呼叫利兰，请回答，完毕Leland, it's Finn. Please respond. Over.{\r}加油啊，各位，箱子可不会自己卸自己Come on, guys. These crates aren't gonna unload themselves.{\r}车太多了，都给我让开Too many cars here. Out of my way.{\r}泽达普教授？\NProfessor Z黱dapp?{\r}就是这个，教授，在装船之前你要看看吗？Here it is, Professor. You wanted to see this before we load it?\NHere it is, Professor. You wanted to see this before we load it?{\r}啊，是的，千万小心Ah, yes. Very carefully.{\r}噢，摄像机Oh, a TV camera.{\r}- 它是用来做什么的？- 这个摄像机非常非常危险- What does it actually do? - This camera is extremely dangerous.{\r}你在忙活什么呢，教授？What are you up to now, Professor?{\r}这是贵重设备，在途中一定要小心保护This is valuable equipment. Make sure it is properly secured for the voyage.{\r}- 没错- 嗨，Z教授！- You got it. - Hey, Professor Z!{\r} 这是我跟你说过的英国间谍之一This is one of those British spies we told you about.{\r}哈！我们抓住他时，他正呆在不该他去的地方Yeah! This one we caught sticking his bumper where it didn't belong.{\r}探员利兰·超动力Agent Leland Turbo.{\r}那是芬恩·麦导弹！It's Finn McMissile!{\r}他看到了摄像机，干掉他！He's seen the camera! Kill him!{\r}全体就位！全体就位！All hands on deck! All hands on deck!{\r}哇！Whoa!{\r}啊啊啊啊啊！Waargh!{\r}他要干什么？What?{\r}上快艇！Get to the boats!{\r}- 他逃脱了！- 逃不掉的！- He's getting away! - Not for long!{\r}解决他了，教授He's dead, Professor.{\r}妙极了！Wunderbar!{\r}芬恩·麦导弹一死，谁还妨碍得了我们？With Finn McMissile gone, who can stop us now?{\r}脱线，拖车脱线，时刻为您服务Mater -Tow Mater, that's who - is here to help you.{\r}- 嘿，奥的斯！- 嘿，脱线- Hey, Otis! - Hey, Mater.\N- Hey, Otis! - Hey, Mater.{\r}我…老天，真不好意思I... Oh, gosh. I'm so sorry.{\r}我以为这次能行呢，可是…I thought I could make it this time, but...{\r}多么流畅啊，是吧？Smooth like pudding, huh?{\r}唉，我这是骗谁呢？我一直都是辆柠檬车Who am I kidding? I'll always be a lemon.{\r}真够呛，你又漏油了，肯定是垫圈的问题Well, dad-gum, you're leaking oil again. Must be your gaskets.{\r}嘿，不过从好的一面来说Hey, but look on the bright side.{\r}这是你本月第十次拖车服务，所以免费哦This is your tenth tow this month, so it's on the house.{\r}脱线，只有你对我这种破车这么好You're the only one that's nice to lemons like me, Mater.{\r}别灰心，哇塞，每辆车都会出状况的Don't sweat it. Shoot, these things happen to everybody.{\r}- 可你就从不漏油- 那倒是，不过我也不是十全十美的- But you never leak oil. - Yeah, but I ain't perfect.{\r}你可别告诉别人，我觉得我锈得越来越明显了Don't tell nobody, but I think my rust is starting to show through.{\r} 嘿，闪电麦坤回来了吗？Hey. Is Lightning McQueen back yet?{\r}还没Not yet.{\r}他赢了第四座活塞杯，一定开心坏了He must be crazy excited about winning his fourth Piston Cup.{\r}第四座！哇！Four! Wow!{\r}是的，我们都为他骄傲死了Yeah, we're so dad-gum proud of him, but I wish he'd hurry up and get back,{\r}不过我希望他赶快回来{\r}因为最好的朋友要在一起欢度整个夏天'cause we got a whole summer's worth of best friend fun to make up for.{\r}只有我和…Just me and...{\r}麦坤！McQueen!{\r}- 哇，哇，哇！- 麦坤！- Whoa, whoa, whoa! - McQueen!{\r}- 脱线！我不赶时间！- 嘿，大伙儿，麦坤回来啦！- Mater! I'm in no hurry! - Hey, everybody. McQueen's back!{\r}- 啊啊！- 麦坤回来啦！- Aaah! - McQueen's back!{\r} - 麦坤回来啦！麦坤回来啦！- 啊！哦哦！哈！- McQueen's back! McQueen's back! - Aaah! Oooh-hoo! Oooh-hah!{\r} 麦坤回来啦！McQueen's back!{\r}噢，闪电！欢迎回来！Oh, Lightning! Welcome home!{\r} - 你回来真是太好了，宝贝！- 祝贺你，兄弟- Good to have you back, honey! - Congratulations, man.{\r}欢迎回家，战士Welcome home, soldier.{\r}这地方没你就是不一样，孩子The place wasn't the same without you, son.{\r} 什么？他到别处去了？What? Did he go somewhere?{\r} 大家好，回家真好It's good to be home, everybody.{\r} - 脱线！- 麦坤！- Mater! - McQueen!{\r}- 脱线！- 麦坤！- Mater! - McQueen!{\r}噢！Oooh!{\r}哇哇！Whoooa!{\r}嘿，奥的斯，这次你走了多远？Hey, how far did you make it this time, Otis?{\r}- 到边境线还有一半路程- 哦，还不错嘛，伙计！- Halfway to the county line. - Ooh, not bad, man!{\r}就是！我也不相信呢！I know! I can't believe it either!{\r} - 麦坤！欢迎你回来！- 脱线，见到你真好- McQueen! Welcome back! - Mater, it's so good to see you.{\r}你也是，哥们儿You too, buddy.{\r}兄弟，你肯定猜不到我有什么好点子！Oh, man, you ain't going to believe the things I got planned for us!{\r}这哥俩见面真是一年比一年亲热！These best friend greetings get longer every year!{\r}- 想不想试试真正好玩的？- 我有东西要先给你看- You ready to have some serious fun? - I've got something to show you first.{\r}哇Wow.{\r}真难以置信，活塞杯上有新名字了I can't believe they renamed the Piston Cup{\r}你的名字就在哈德森医生的下面after our very own Doc Hudson.{\r}我知道医生说这些不过是些旧杯子I know Doc said these things were just old cups,{\r}但被其他人赢走了感觉还是不好，对吧？but to have someone else win it just didn't feel right, you know?{\r}医生真的为你感到骄傲，我能肯定Doc would've been real proud of you. That's for sure.{\r}好了，哥们儿，我整个夏天就在等这个All right, pal. I've been waiting all summer for this.{\r}- 你有什么好点子？- 嗬嗬！你确定自己能搞得定？- What you got planned? - Ho-ho-ho! You sure you can handle it?{\r}瞧你说的，我可是闪电麦坤！Do you know who you're talking to? This is Lightning McQueen!{\r}没什么是我搞不定的I can handle anything.{\r}呃…脱线？Er... Mater?{\r}记住，刹车在这上没用！Just remember, your brakes ain't going to work on these!{\r}- 脱线？- 放轻松- Mater? - Relax.{\r}这些铁轨好多年没用过了！These train tracks ain't been used in years!{\r}啊啊！Aaaah!{\r}- 啊啊！- 快点，再快点，加油，来吧！- Aaaah! - Faster, faster. Come on. Here we go!{\r}加油！Faster!{\r}哦，哇Ooh. Wow.{\r}嗯，我不确定，你觉得呢？Yeah, I don't know. Do you think?{\r}我觉得会很好玩的！This is going to be good!{\r}看见没？Did you see that?{\r}噢哦，这就不好玩了Uh-oh. This ain't going to be good.{\r}哈哈！今天过得最开心了！Ha-ha! Boy, this was the best day ever!{\r}还留了个新凹痕，我最喜欢的纪念And my favorite souvenir, this new dent.{\r}- 天，脱线，今天真是… - 哇塞，这不算什么- Boy, Mater, today was ah... - Shoot, that was nothing.{\r}晚上等着看我的新点子吧！Wait till you see what I got planned for tonight!{\r}脱线，脱线，喔！我只想安安静静吃顿晚饭Mater, Mater, whoa! I was thinking of just a quiet dinner.{\r}我也是这么想的That's exactly what I was thinkin'.{\r}- 不是，我指莎莉，脱线- 那更好了！- No, I meant with Sally, Mater. - Even better!{\r}你，我和莎莉小姐，出去吃晚饭You, me and Miss Sally goin' out for supper.{\r}脱线，我是说就我和莎莉Mater, I meant it would be just me and Sally.{\r}- 哦- 你明白的，就今晚- Oh. - You know, just for tonight.{\r}- 哦… - 明天你想玩什么都可以- Oh... - We'll do whatever you want tomorrow.{\r}好吧OK.{\r}- 理解万岁- 是啊，当然- Thanks for understanding. - Yeah, sure.{\r}- 那你们玩得开心点- 好的- Y'all go on and have fun now. - All right, then.{\r}回头见，兄弟See you soon, amigo.{\r}啊，这里可真美Ah, this is so nice.{\r}我们总算能独自呆着，感觉真好I can't tell you how good it is to be here alone,{\r}只有我们两个just the two of us, finally.{\r}- 你和我- 嗯哼！晚上好- You and me. Ahem! Good evening.{\r}- 哦！- 我叫脱线- Oh! - My name is Mater,{\r}是你们的服务生and I'll be your waiter.{\r}脱线服务生，真好玩Mater the waiter. That's funny right there.{\r}脱线？你在这儿上班？Mater? You work here?{\r}是啊，我在这儿上班，不然你以为呢？Yeah, I work here. What'd you think?{\r}我趁人不备偷偷溜进来I snuck in here when nobody was lookin'{\r}假扮成你们的服务生and pretended to be your waiter so I could hang out with you?{\r}就为了跟你们一起玩？{\r}哦，也是，那多可笑呀是吧？Oh, yeah. How ridiculous would that be?{\r}你们两个小情侣要点饮料吗？Can I start you two lovebirds off with a couple of drinks?{\r}- 好的，我就喝平常喝的- 这样好不好？我也要那个- Yes. I'll have my usual. - You know what? I'll have that, too.{\r}呃…对，你常喝的Uh... Right. Your usual.{\r}- 多谢，伙计- 谢谢，圭多- Thanks, man. - Grazie, Guido.{\r}圭多，麦坤常喝的是什么饮料？Guido, what's McQueen's usual?{\r}我怎么知道？【意大利语】How should I know?{\r}- 好极了，来两杯【脱线以为说的是饮料名】- 安静！我的节目开始了- Perfect. Give me two of them. - Quiet! My program's on.{\r}今夜，来到梅尔·多拉真人秀的是…Tonight on the Mel Dorado Show...{\r}他的故事全球瞩目His story gripped the world.{\r}石油大亨，亿万富翁麦尔斯·艾克斯勒洛德Oil billionaire Miles Axlerod,{\r}力图成为不使用GPS进行环球航行的第一车in an attempt to become the first car to circumnavigate the globe without GPS,{\r}讽刺的是，他耗尽燃油，身陷荒野ironically ran out of gas, and found himself trapped in the wild.{\r}36天后从死亡边缘生还Feared dead, he emerged 36 days later,{\r}依靠他从自然界中提取的燃料发动了自己running on a fuel he distilled himself from the natural elements!{\r}此后，他就卖掉了石油公司Since then, he's sold his oil fortune,{\r}自己从油老虎摇身一变为电动车converted himself from a gas-guzzler into an electric car{\r}并献身于寻找可再生清洁燃料的事业and has devoted his life to finding a renewable, clean-burning fuel.{\r}如今他宣称他的聚合油公司已经完成这一使命Now he claims to have done it with his allinol.{\r}并向全世界展示他的超级燃料的威力And to show the world what his new super fuel can do{\r}他举办了一项史无前例的赛车锦标赛he's created a racing competition like no other,{\r}邀请最伟大的冠军选手inviting the greatest champions{\r}在首轮国际大奖赛中一争高下to battle in the first everWorld Grand Prix.{\r}热烈欢迎，麦尔斯·艾克斯勒洛德Welcome, Sir Miles Axlerod.{\r}谢谢，梅尔，很高兴上节目，请听我说Thank you, Mel. It is good to be here. Listen to me.{\r}大量使用石油，耗资巨大，加剧污染Big oil. It costs a fortune. Pollution is getting worse.{\r}它是化石燃料，什么叫化石？就像灭绝的恐龙I mean, it's a fossil fuel. "Fossil," as in dead dinosaurs.{\r}我们都知道它们是怎么灭绝的And we all know what happened to them.{\r}新能源是未来的趋势，相信我，梅尔Alternative energy is the future. Trust me, Mel.{\r}凡是看过聚合油在国际大奖赛上的表现的人After seeing allinol in action at the World Grand Prix,{\r}绝不会再回去用汽油了nobody will ever go back to gasoline again.{\r}那恐龙到底是怎么灭绝的呢？What happened to the dinosaurs, now?{\r}现在卫星连线一位大奖赛的参赛选手And on satellite, a World Grand Prix competitor{\r}世界上最快的车之一，弗朗西斯科·伯努利and one of the fastest cars in the world, Francesco Bernoulli.{\r}真荣幸，多拉先生，你真荣幸It is an honor, Signore Dorado, for you.{\r}为什么没邀请闪电麦坤？Why not invite Lightning McQueen?{\r}当然邀请了Of course we invited him,{\r}但显然，经过了这么长的赛季之后but apparently after his very long racing season{\r}他想休息休息he is taking time off to rest.{\r}闪电麦坤不会有机会赢弗朗西斯科的The Lightning McQueen would not have a chance against Francesco.{\r} 我每小时可以跑300公里I can go over 300 kilometers an hour.{\r}换算成英里就是…总之比麦坤快多了In miles, that is like... way faster than McQueen.{\r}我们来进行电话连线Let's go to the phones. Baltimore, Maryland, you're on the air.{\r}马里兰州巴尔的摩的听众，你的电话接通了{\r}- 真的吗？你好？- 是的，请讲话- Am I on? Hello? - You're on. Go ahead.{\r}- 你好？- 请说- Hello? - Go ahead.{\r}我们来接通油车水镇的电话Let's go to Radiator Springs. You're on, caller.{\r}这位听众，你已经打进来了{\r}你们弄来的那个意大利家伙That Italian feller you got on there{\r}不许这样乱讲闪电麦坤can't talk that way about Lightning McQueen.{\r}他是全世界跑得最快的车He's the bestest race car in the whole wide world.{\r}- 噢哦- 如果他是，用你的说法- Uh-oh. - If he is, how you say,{\r}"跑得最快的车"，那他干嘛非要休息呢？"the bestest race car," then why must he rest? Huh?{\r}因为他知道什么是最重要的'Cause he knows what's important.{\r}他更喜欢时不时地放慢脚步，享受生活Every now and then he prefers just to slow down, enjoy life.{\r}噢！你们听见了！闪电麦坤更喜欢慢慢开！Oh! You heard it! Lightning McQueen prefers to be slow!{\r}当然了，这对弗朗西斯来说不新鲜This is not news to Francesco.{\r}我想睡觉的时候就看他的比赛When I want to go to sleep, I watch one of his races.{\r}跑完两圈之后，我就打瞌睡了After two laps, I am out cold.{\r}我不是那个意思That ain't what I meant.{\r}那边出什么事了？McQUEEN: What's going on over there?{\r}他怕弗朗西斯科He is afraid of Francesco.{\r}是那辆意大利方程式赛车McQUEEN: That's that Italian formula car.{\r}- 他叫… - 弗朗西斯科·伯努利- His name is... - Francesco Bernoulli.{\r}- 难怪都挤过来看- 你怎么知道他名字？- No wonder there's a crowd. - Why do you know his name?{\r}别那么说话，好像大舌头似的And don't say it like that. It's three syllables, not ten.{\r}什么嘛，他多帅呀What? He's nice to look at. You know, open-wheeled and all.{\r}开放式轮胎，浑身上下都有型{\r}挡泥板不好吗？我还以为你喜欢我的挡泥板What's wrong with fenders? I thought you liked my fenders.{\r}- 我告诉你吧- 脱线？- Let me tell you something else. - Mater?{\r}麦坤能围着你转圈跑McQueen could drive circles around you.{\r}他就只会转圈跑啊，不是吧？Driving in circles is all he can-a do, no?{\r}当然不是No.{\r}我是说，我是说，他不管在哪儿都能跑过你I mean, yes.I mean, he could beat you anywhere.{\r}不管什么时候，什么赛道Any time, any track.{\r}梅尔，我们能继续吗？Mel, can we move on?{\r}弗朗西斯科需要一位稍微聪明点的听众Francesco needs a caller who can provide{\r}比如一辆自卸卡车a little more intellectual stimulation, like a dump truck.{\r}哈哈！丢人了吧，自卸车都是哑巴Ha-ha! That shows what you know. Dump trucks is dumb.{\r}嘿！哇！Hey! Whoa!{\r}嗨，我是闪电麦坤Yeah, hi. This is Lightning McQueen.{\r}闪电麦坤？The Lightning McQueen, huh?{\r}我不喜欢你那样侮辱我最好的朋友I don't appreciate my best friend being insulted like that.{\r}麦坤，那是你最好的朋友？哦！McQueen, that was your best friend? Oh!{\r}这就是你和弗朗西斯科的不同之处了This is the difference between you and Francesco.{\r}弗朗西斯科知道自己有多棒Francesco knows how good he is.{\r}他不需要拖车围在身边来证明这一点He does not need to surround himself with tow trucks to prove it.{\r}真是外强中干啊Those are strong words from a car that is so fragile.{\r}外强中干！他说弗朗西斯科外强中干！Fragile! He calls Francesco fragile!{\r}你可不够快，麦坤！Not-a so fast, McQueen!{\r}"不够快"是你的新座右铭吗？"Not so fast. " Is that your new motto?{\r}座右铭？Motto?{\r}看起来这事得在赛场上解决了This sounds like something that needs to be settled on the race course.{\r}你看怎么样，闪电麦坤？What do you say, Lightning McQueen? We've got room for one more racer.{\r}我们还能再加一位选手{\r}很乐意，不过我的团队已经休假了，所以…I would love to, but my crew is off for the season, so...{\r}"艾尔·雷欧·麦坤之队"{\r}"加油维修站"Pit stop.{\r}不过呢，他们刚刚回来了You know what? They just got back.{\r}算我一个，兄弟们Deal me in, baby.{\r}咔嚓！耶Ka-chow! Yeah.{\r}我知道我刚回来，不过我们不会去太久的I know, I know.I just got back, but we won't be long.{\r}别担心我，我在这儿有很多事做No, don't worry about me. I've got enough to do here.{\r}不过脱线会玩得很开心的Mater's going to have a blast, though.{\r}你要带脱线去的吧？You're bringing Mater, right?{\r}你从来没带他参加过你的比赛You never bring him to any of your races.{\r} 啊Ah.{\r}就让他呆在维修站，给他戴个耳机Just let him sit in the pits. Give him a headset.{\r}答应嘛，这肯定会是他这辈子最兴奋的事了Come on, it will be the thrill of a lifetime for him.{\r}- 你的饮料，先生- 脱线- Your drink, sir. - Mater.{\r}我没偷喝！I didn't taste it!{\r}想跟我来看看世界吗？How'd you like to come and see the world with me?{\r}- 你说真的？- 是啊，这事是你给我招来的- You mean it? - Yeah. You got me into this thing.{\r}- 你也跑不了- 太好了！- You're coming along. - All right!{\r}咔嚓！Ka-chow!{\r}哈哈！Ha-ha!{\r}哈哈！Ha-ha!{\r}嘿！Hey!{\r}嘿！Hey!{\r}嘿！借过！Hey, excuse me!{\r}我是多摩君，谢谢！Domo arigato!{\r}耶！Yeah!{\r}圭多，看呀，法拉利，还有轮胎Guido, look. Ferraris and tires.{\r}- 快来！- 嗬嗬！看这个- Let's go! - Ho-ho! Look at this.{\r}从现在起，脱线，要记住，要乖乖的OK, now, Mater, remember, best behavior.{\r}- 听你的，哥们儿，嘿，那是什么？- 脱线！- You got it, buddy. Hey, what's that? - Mater!{\r}嘿，麦坤！过来Hey, McQueen! Over here.{\r}- 路易斯！- 嗨，兄弟- Lewis! - Hey, man.{\r}- 杰夫！- 嗨，闪电- Jeff! - Hey, Lightning.{\r}这个晚会真棒啊Can you believe this party?{\r}嗨Hey.{\r}你干得真不错，把叶子都清干净了You done good. You got all the leaves.{\r}- 看那个拖车- 不知道是跟谁一起来的- Check out that tow truck. - Man, I wonder who that guy's with.{\r}啊…不好意思，我离开一小会儿Ah... Will you guys excuse me just for one little second?{\r}嗬嗬！干得好！Ho-ho! Good job!{\r}脱线！听着，这里不是油车水镇Mater! Listen, this isn't Radiator Springs.{\r}你才知道啊？You're just realizing that?{\r}嗬嗬！你还没倒过时差来吧Oh-ho! That jet lag really done a number on you.{\r}脱线，这里跟家里不一样Mater, things are different overhere.{\r}也就是说，你的举止也要跟在家时不一样Which means maybe you should, you know, act a little different, too.{\r} - 怎么个不一样法？- 就当帮我忙- Different than what? - Well, just help me out here.{\r}你要帮忙？哇塞，干嘛这么客气You need help? Shoot! Why didn't you say so?{\r}咱拖车就是干这个的That's what a tow truck does.{\r}- 对，我是说… - 看那边- Yeah, I mean... - Looky there.{\r}是圣弗朗西斯科先生，我来介绍你It's Mr. San Francisco. I'll introduce you.{\r}- 不要啊，脱线！- 看着我，我已经在帮你了- Mater, no! - Look at me. I'm helping you already.{\r}嗨，圣弗朗西斯科先生，我介绍你认识…Hey, Mr. San Francisco, I'd like you to meet...{\r}啊，闪电麦坤！晚上好Ah, Lightning McQueen! Buona sera.{\r}- 幸会，弗朗西斯科- 幸会- Nice to meet you, Francesco. - Nice to meet you, too.{\r}你看起来很帅，没我想得那么帅，但还不错You are very good-looking. Not as good as I thought, but good.{\r}不好意思，能合个影吗？Excuse me. Can I get a picture with you?{\r}麦坤的朋友就是我朋友Anything for McQueen's friend.{\r}莎莉小姐看到这个会高兴得跳起来Miss Sally is going to flip when she sees this.{\r}她是闪电麦坤的女朋友She's Lightning McQueen's girlfriend.{\r}- 喔！- 她是你的狂热粉丝- Oooh! - She's a big fan of yours.{\r}嘿，她品味不错嘛Hey, she has-a good taste.{\r}脱线太夸张了，我不觉得她是"狂热粉丝"Mater's prone to exaggeration. I wouldn't say she's a "big fan".{\r}没错，她是超级狂热粉丝！You're right. She's a huge fan!{\r}她没完没了地说你的开放式轮胎She goes on and on about your open wheels.{\r}就提过一次，哪有没完没了Mentioning it once doesn't qualify as going on and on.{\r}弗朗西斯科对粉丝的狂热早就习惯了Francesco is familiar with this reaction to Francesco.{\r}女人热爱一辆车很正常，不需要掩饰Women respect a car that has-a nothing to hide.{\r}是啊，呃…Yeah, er...{\r}- 我们干杯吧- 我们？- Let us have a toast. - Let's.{\r}将我明日的胜利献给莎莉小姐I dedicate my win tomorrow to Miss Sally.{\r} 噢，不好意思Oh. Sorry.{\r}我已经把我明日的胜利献给她了I already dedicated my win tomorrow to her.{\r}要是我们都献就没意思了So, if we both do it, it's really not so special.{\r}- 另外我也没有饮料- 我去给你拿一杯- Besides, I don't have a drink. - I'll go get you one.{\r}我能不能跟他们借几块钱买饮料啊？Do you mind if I borrow a few bucks for one of them drinks?{\r}- 饮料是免费的- 免费？哇塞，那我还呆在这儿干什么？- They're free. - Free? Shoot, what am I doing here?{\r}我得看着他点儿，明天赛场上见I should probably go keep an eye on him. See you at the race.{\r}是的，你会见到弗朗西斯科的，但不是这样Yes, you will see Francesco, but not like this.{\r}而是这样，并且离你越来越远You will see him like-a this as he drives away from you.{\r}"拜拜，麦坤"{\r}哈，还挺可爱的Ha! That's cute.{\r}你给每辆参赛的车都画一个吗？You had one of those made up for all the racers?{\r}不是No.{\r}那就好Okay.{\r}- 拜拜，麦坤！- 明天他一定输得很惨！- Ciao, McQueen! - He is so getting beat tomorrow!{\r}女士们先生们，有请麦尔斯·艾克斯勒洛德Ladies and gentlecars, Sir Miles Axlerod.{\r}我极其荣幸地向你们介绍It is my absolute honor to introduce to you{\r}第一次国际赛车大奖赛的选手们the competitors in the first ever World Grand Prix.{\r}来自巴西的8号…From Brazil, Number 8...{\r}- 噢，你好- 你好- Oh, hello. - Hello.{\r}为什么大众卡尔曼·吉亚没有散热器 A V olkswagen Karmann Ghia has no radiator.{\r}因为它采用风冷系统That's because it's air-cooled.{\r}好极了，我是灵智速探员Great. I'm Agent Shiftwell. Holley Shiftwell from the Tokyo station.{\r}东京站的霍莉·灵智速{\r}- 我有来自伦敦的情报- 别在这儿说- I have a message from London. - Not here.{\r}尝尝中楼的点心吧\NTry the canap閟on the mezzanine.{\r}实验人员分析了我发的照片吗？The lab boys analyzed the photo I sent? What did they learn about the camera?{\r} 关于摄像机有什么发现？{\r}看起来是一台标准的电视摄像机It appears to be a standard television camera.{\r}他们说最好你下次能拍到距离更近的照片They said ifyou could get closer photos next time that would be great.{\r}这就是伦敦的情报？This was London's message?{\r} 哦，不，长官Oh, no. No, sir.{\r}你看到的那个钻井平台The oil platforms you were on,{\r}位于世界储油量最大的油田上turns out they're sitting on the biggest oil reserve in the world.{\r}我们怎么会没发现它呢？How did we miss that?{\r}他们对所有的卫星都实施了干扰They've scrambled everyone's satellites.{\r}美国人在你之前刚刚发现它The Americans discovered it just before you did.{\r}他们在那里安插了一位隐藏很深的卧底探员They placed an agent on that platform under deep cover.{\r}他能弄到那辆车的照片He was able to get a photo of the car who's running the entire operation.{\r}我们就知道是谁在背后操控一切了{\r}很好Great.{\r}是哪辆车？有人见过照片吗？Who is it? Has anyone seen the photo yet?{\r}不，还没有Nope, not yet.{\r}今晚美国人来这里把照片交给你The American is here tonight to pass it to you.{\r}他准备好后会给你发信号He'll signal you when he's ready.{\r}很好，很好Good, good.{\r}哦，不Oh, no.{\r}- 怎么了？- 计划有变- What is it? - Change of plan.{\r} - 你去见美国人- 什么？我？- You're meeting the American. - What? Me?{\r}下面那些恶棍就是钻井平台上的Those thugs down there were on the oil platform.{\r}让他们看见我，行动会暴露的If they see me, the mission is compromised.{\r}可我是技术员，我是在实验室做分析的No, I'm technical. I'm in diagnostics. I'm... I'm not a field agent.{\r}我…我不是外勤探员{\r}现在是了You are now.{\r}给我来一个，谢谢I'll take one of them. Thank you.{\r} 老是搞不清麦坤喜欢喝哪一种Never know which one McQueen will have a hankering for.{\r}嗨，你这儿有什么是免费的？Hey. What you got here that's free? How about that pistachio ice cream?{\r}那个开心果冰激凌免费吗？{\r}- 不，这是芥末酱- 差不多啦差不多啦- No, no, wasabi. - Same old same old.{\r}怎么了？这东西看上去很好吃的样子啊！What's up with you? That looks delicious!{\r} 呃…请再来点，不是免费的吗？Er... little more, please. It is free, right?{\r}继续继续，再多来点Keep it coming. A little more.{\r}来嘛，别舍不得，免费的嘛Come on, let's go. It's free.{\r} 就这样，来一勺，一大勺You're gettin' there. Scoop, scoop.{\r}这就对了嘛，一大勺冰激凌！There ya go! Now that's a scoop of ice cream!{\r}深表同情My condolences.{\r}现在出场的是我们最后一位选手And now our last competitor.{\r}95号，闪电麦坤！Number 95, Lightning McQueen!{\r}咔嚓！Ka-chow!{\r}非常感谢您的邀请，艾克斯勒洛德先生Thank you so much for having us, Sir Axlerod.{\r}我很期待参加比赛，这是个很好的机会I really look forward to racing. This is a great opportunity.{\r}噢，大家都很高兴，闪电Oh, the pleasure is all ours, Lightning.{\r}你和你的团队为比赛You and your team bring excellence and professionalism{\r}带来了卓越和专业的精神to this competition.{\r}谁能给我点水！啊！Somebody get me water! Aah!{\r} 哦，凉快多了，凉快多了Oh, sweet relief. Sweet relief.{\r} 无论如何，不要吃免费的开心果冰激凌Whatever you do, do not eat the free pistachio ice cream.{\r}它变质啦It has turned.{\r}艾克斯勒洛德先生，很抱歉Sir Axlerod, I can explain.{\r} - 这是脱线，他… - 我认识他- This is Mater. He's... - I know him.{\r}就是那个把电话打进节目的家伙嘛This is the bloke that called in to the television show.{\r}- 我得谢谢你- 不，谢谢你- You're the one I have to thank. - No, thank you.{\r}这次旅行太棒了This trip's been amazin'.{\r}哈，他有点兴奋，是吧？Ah. He's a little excited, isn't he?{\r}- 脱线！- 等等，我…哦，哇塞- Mater! - But wait, I... Oh, shoot.{\r}- 脱线- 谁有毛巾？- Mater. - Has anyone got a towel?{\r}脱线，控制一下你自己，别出丑了Mater, get a hold of yourself. You're making a scene!{\r}- 可我从来不漏油的，从来不漏- 马上去拾掇一下自己！- But I never leak oil. Never. - Go take care of yourself right now!{\r}请让让！漏油了，卫生间在哪儿？谢谢Comin' through! Leakin' oil. Where's the bathroom? Thank you.{\r}我得马上，哦，呃…I gotta go. Oh, er...{\r}呃…Er...{\r}抱歉，女士们Sorry, ladies.{\r}居然漏油，我从来不漏油的I'm leakin'. I never leak. I never leak.{\r}从来不漏油，从来不，从来不I never leak, I never leak, I never leak.{\r}哦，我从来不漏油，唔！Oh, oh, I never leak. Oooh!{\r} 从来不漏油，从来不，从来…I never leak, I never leak, never...{\r}哇噢！Wow-wee!{\r}里面是？What in the?{\r}嘿，好痒啊！Hey, that tickles!{\r}哇哇哇！Waaargh!{\r}麦导弹，我到了，是时候放货了Okay, McMissile. I'm here. It's time for the drop.{\r}好的，美国人激活了他的跟踪信号OK, so, the American has activated his tracking beacon.{\r}收到，跟进Roger that. Move in.{\r}停下！嘿！Stop! Hey!{\r}- 哦，开什么玩笑- 怎么了？- Oh, you've got to be joking. - What's the problem?{\r}- 他在洗手间- 那就进去- He's in the loo. - So, go in!{\r}- 我不能进男厕所！- 时间紧急- I can't go into the men's loo! - Time is of the essence.{\r}好吧All right.{\r}噢！不管怎么着，我是再也不进去了！Oh! Whatever you do, I would not go in there!{\r}嗨，格里莫林和步行者！Hey! A Gremlin and a Pacer!{\r} 不是说你们的品牌和型号不好No offense to your makes and models,{\r}不过比起我那个被闲置不用的表妹贝茜but you break down harder than my cousin Betsy{\r}你们出故障更严重after she got left at the altar!{\r}搞什…？哇，你还好吧？What the? Whoa. Are you OK?{\r}- 我没事- 嘿，拖车！- I'm fine. - Hey! Tow truck!{\r} 我们要谈点私事，你不介意回避下吧We'd like to get to our private business here, if you don't mind.{\r}噢，抱歉Oh, yeah, sorry.{\r}别让我妨碍了你们谈私事Don't let me get in the way of your private business.{\r}还有点小忠告Oh, a little advice. When you hear a giggle and see that waterfall,{\r}当你们听见咯咯笑声，看见瀑布的时候{\r}最好按绿色按钮you best press that green button.{\r}- 多谢- 它是用来调节温度的- Thank you. - It's to adjust the temperature.{\r}- 知道了- 是摄氏度，不是华氏度- Got it. - And it's in Celsius, not Fahrenheit.{\r}马上消失！Get out of here!{\r}好好，等她开始咯咯笑的时候All right, then. And when she starts gigglin', prepare to be squirted.{\r}你们就准备被喷吧{\r}抱歉，女士'Scuse me, ma'am.{\r}该死的开心果冰激凌Dad-gum pistachio ice cream.{\r} - 不会是他吧？他是美国人吗？- This cannot be him. Is he American?{\r}当心了女士们，脱线要耍帅了Look out, ladies. Mater's fittin' to get funky.{\r}- 太像美国人了- 那就是他- Extremely. - Then it's him.{\r}- 你好- 你好- Hello. - Well, hello.{\r}为什么大众卡尔曼·吉亚没有散热器 A V olkswagen Karmann Ghia has no radiator.{\r}当然不需要，因为它采用风冷系统Well, of course it doesn't. That's 'cause it's air-cooled.{\r}好极了，嗯…我是东京站的Perfect. Erm... I'm from the Tokyo Station.{\r}当然了，卡尔曼·吉亚不是唯一的一款'Course, Karmann Ghias weren't the only ones.{\r}还有甲壳虫，3型方背式车身，盘式电动机Besides the Beetles, you had Type 3 Squarebacks with the Pancake motors.{\r}- 是的，我知道- 而且在他们之前- Yeah, OK. I get it. - And before both of them{\r}还有2型客车there's the Type 2 buses.{\r}- 我朋友菲尔莫就是一个- 听着！- My buddy Fillmore's one of them. - Listen!{\r}嗯…我们应该找个更隐蔽的地方Erm... We should find somewhere more private.{\r}老天，你觉得有这样的地方吗？Gee, don't you think that's a little?{\r}也对，没法知道哪个地方已经暴露了You're right. Impossible to know which areas here are compromised.{\r} - 那么，我能再见到你吧？- 让我想想- So, when can I see you again? - Well, let's see.{\r}- 明天，我会去赛场- 明白- Tomorrow I'll be out there at the races. - Got it.{\r}那我们就在那儿会合We'll rendezvous then.{\r}- 你回来了，刚才去哪儿了？- "会合"是什么意思？- There you are. Where have you been? - What's a "rendezvous"?{\r}- 呃…有点像约会- 约会？- Er... It's like a date. - A date?{\r}脱线，出什么事了？Mater, what's going on?{\r}出的事就是明天我有个约会What's going on is I got me a date tomorrow.{\r}。
Daimler-benz-戴姆勒-奔驰英文简介
Company history
The birth of the automobile (1885-1886)
Beginning of the automobile (1886 - 1920)
Daimler-Benz between the wars (1920-1933)
In the Nazi Era (1933 - 1945)
Daimler-Benz between the wars
Carl Benz
The end of the First World War presented great challenges for the German automotive industry. In the years from 1914 to 1919 hardly any development work had been carried out on civilian products.
From 1937, Daimler-Benz AG increasingly produced armament items such as the LG 3000 truck and aircraft engines such as the DB 600 and DB 601. The most important line of business was truck production, whilst passenger-car manufacture – already limited to military requirements since the beginning of the war – was in decline and virtually came to a standstill by the end of 1942. The company was now focusing on the manufacture and assembly of military components for the army, navy and air force.
DIN EN 10083-1
Das zuständige deutsche Normungsgremium ist der Arbeitsausschuss 05/1 des Normenausschusses Eisen und Stahl (FES).
Änderungen
Gegenüber DIN EN 10083-1:1996-10, DIN EN 10083-2:1996-10, DIN EN 10083-3:1996-02 und DIN 17212:1972-08 wurden folgende Änderungen vorgenommen:
DIN EN 10083-1:2006-10
Nationales Vorwort
Die Europäische Norm EN 10083-1:2006 wurde vom Technischen Komitee (TC) 23 „Für eine Wärmebehandlung bestimmte Stähle, legierte Stähle und Automatenstähle – Gütenormen“ (Sekretariat: Deutschland) des Europäischen Komitees für die Eisen- und Stahlnormung (ECISS) ausgearbeitet.
奔驰的发展史
1929年12月29日，Dr. Wilhelm Maybach去世， 享年83岁
公司历史与品牌
Slide 18
梅赛德斯-奔驰铸星培训计划 造就汽车专家 Mercedes-Benz Training. We Create Automotive Experts.
1.3 戴姆勒-奔驰的历史发展
1937年，在Sindelfingen 工厂, 梅赛德斯-奔 驰 生产的大众30原型车
公司历史与品牌
Slide 12
梅赛德斯-奔驰铸星培训计划 造就汽车专家 Mercedes-Benz Training. We Create Automotive Experts.
1.2 戴姆勒的历史发展
1898年，世界上第一台装载 四缸汽油发动机的汽车
1900年12月22日， 第一辆“梅赛德斯”牌汽车
1928年夏天，戴姆勒-奔驰 乘用车车身制造厂开 始在Sindelfingen流水线生产
公司历史与品牌
Slide 17
梅赛德斯-奔驰铸星培训计划 造就汽车专家 Mercedes-Benz Training. We Create Automotive Experts.
1.3 戴姆勒-奔驰的历史发展
1929年4月4日，Karl Benz 去世， 享年84岁
公司历史与品牌
Slide 21
梅赛德斯-奔驰铸星培训计划 造就汽车专家 Mercedes-Benz Training. We Create Automotive Experts.
1.3 戴姆勒-奔驰的历史发展
在1998年12月21日,
戴姆勒-奔驰集团和克莱斯勒集团合并
公司历史与品牌
Slide 22
1951年4月19-29日， 在法兰克福车展上，展出6缸220车型（W187） 和300车型（W186），这是S级轿车的开始
奔驰历史
北星
梅赛德斯名称的来历
在以后的岁月里，Jellinek先生不断加强 与Daimler先生以及他的公司的关系。 于是在1900年，他获得了加入 Daimler Mortorengesellschaft 顾问委员会的邀请。
北星
梅赛德斯名称的来历
Jellinek 先生同意在允许其作为奥匈帝国、 法国和美国方面独家代理的条件下加入。另 外他提出要求，凡 Daimler 生产的汽车，都 应以他当时11岁女儿“梅赛德斯”名字作为 产品的名称。
梅赛德斯由此诞生！
北星
车型梗概
北星
1886 Benz Patent Motor Car 第一辆单缸、四冲程发动机应用于车
1886 Daimler Motor Carriage In
戴姆勒首次将发动机应用于四轮车
1889 Daimler Steel Wheel Car
戴姆勒、迈巴赫共同研制两缸V型 发动机应用车型
北星
梅赛得斯 历史梗概
此资料仅限内部培训使用，禁止外 传，后果自负。
常诚
北星
戴姆勒公司的由来
年代与车型简介
北星
1886年Damiler使第一辆
四轮机动车公布于世
1883 “Benz&Co”公司成立
1890年“ DMG” 公司成立
1900年 “梅赛德斯”问世
1906年 三星标志正式注册
1886年将四冲程汽油机 轿车 公布于世
1906
1912 Karl Benz离开“Carl Benz Sohne” 公 司,业务由其两个儿子 “Eugen ”和 “Richard”处 理
北星
Wilhelm Maybach
1846年2月9日 生于Heilbronn
奔驰简介(2)
奔驰“we do not need to invent a good story - we write history since 1886.”“我们不需要去编造一个动听的故事-自从1886年我们就书写了历史”奔驰汽车，一个几乎全世界无人不知的汽车品牌。
从汽车诞生直到今天，奔驰汽车的发展史不仅仅是一个传奇，更是代表了人类汽车工业的发展史。
现在，奔驰汽车已过百岁寿辰，然而它的名字和公司的口号一样，依然叫的响亮。
戈特利布·戴姆勒gottlieb daimler(1834-1900)，德国工程师和发明家,现代汽车工业的先驱者之一。
1834年3月17日出生于德国符滕堡雷姆斯河畔舍恩多夫的一个手工业工人家庭，父亲是一位面包店老板。
1852年，他就读于斯图加特工程学院。
少年时代的戴姆勒就对燃气发动机产生了浓厚的兴趣，并开始学习研制奥托式燃气发动机。
1872年，戴姆勒设计出四冲程发动机。
1883年，他与好友－著名的发明家威尔赫姆·迈巴赫（wilhelm maybach）合作，成功研制出使用汽油的发动机，并于1885年将此发动机安装于木制双轮车上，从而发明了摩托车。
1886年，戴姆勒把这种发动机安装在他为妻子43岁生日而购买的马车上，创造了第一辆戴姆勒汽车。
1897年戴姆勒的公司生产出“凤凰”牌小客车，尤其是1903年，以公司主要投资人埃米尔.耶利内克的女儿的教名“梅赛德斯mercedes”命名的小客车投产，耶利内克是当时公司主要投资人，奥地利驻法国尼斯nice 的领事，戴姆勒汽车的热情支持者。
其前置发动机有35匹马力，有前车灯、挡风板、双门5座位敞逢车造型更加接近现代轿车的特征，还有比原来更轻、动力更大的引擎、更长的轴距、更低的重心，大大提高了戴姆勒公司的商业地位。
1926年6月29日戴姆勒公司和奔驰公司合并，成立了在汽车史上举足轻重的戴姆勒－奔驰公司（daimler－benz），从此他们生产的所有汽车都命名为“梅赛德斯－奔驰mercedes-benz”。
奔驰发展史
梅赛德斯奔驰品牌的历史简介梅赛德斯-奔驰，一个历史最为悠久的汽车品牌，奔驰实质上已经拥有一百二十九年的造车历史。
追溯到1886 年由卡尔？本茨发明的第一台三轮汽油汽车，1887 年由哥德利布·戴姆勒研发出第一台四轮汽油汽车，被誉为“现代汽车之父”的本茨与戴姆勒各自谱写了他们的汽车人生。
直至1926 年，两人所办的汽车公司合并后，汽车品牌“Mercedes- Benz”正式诞生，也就是我们现在简称的“奔驰”。
1883 年，以制作工业产品及研发汽车为目的，卡尔·本茨于成立的合资公司Benz & Cie。
1886 年，本茨发明的三轮汽车“Motorwagen”成功申请德国发明专利，为奔驰立下造车的起点。
1899 年，本茨将公司改组，以生产汽车作为公司的主营项目，生产“奔驰”品牌汽车，成为了当时世界上最大的汽车生产商。
另一方面，哥德利布·戴姆勒与内燃机技术者威廉？迈巴赫合资创立了汽车公司DMG，尽管汽车生产技术落后于奔驰，却拥有优秀的内燃机技术。
1899 年，奥地利企业家埃米尔·耶利内克向DMG 订造了3 台汽车，并以自己的女儿梅赛德斯的名字作为车子命名。
同年3 月21 日，耶利内克驾驶“梅赛德斯”出席尼斯汽车拉力赛并赢得季军。
随后，耶利内克向DMG 提议旗下的品牌汽车以“梅赛德斯”作为命名，一方面是“Mercedes”一词优美动听，在西班牙语中有“慈爱、幸福”的含义；另一方面，他相信这个名字为带来幸运。
1900 年，耶利内克向DMG 下达36 台订单，并附带两个条件：一，这款车型必须以“Mercedes”作为命名；其次，他必须获得奥地利、法国以及美国的独家代理权。
36 台的数目对于年产不过100 台车的DMG 来说，无疑是一个巨大的商机。
迈巴赫根据耶利内克的要求完成车型，那就是梅赛德斯系列的第一款车型“Mercedes 35HP”。
同时，DMG 凭借Mercedes 35HP 开始进入了汽车运动的领域。
头文字2巴黎雄狮
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奔驰人生二电影概括作文
奔驰人生二电影概括作文英文回答：The film "Mercedes-Benz: Life 2" is a captivating story that explores the complexities of life and the pursuit of happiness. The movie follows the journey of a young man named John, who starts off as an ambitious and determined individual. He is driven by the desire to achieve success and live a luxurious life, symbolized by the prestigious Mercedes-Benz car.However, as John climbs the ladder of success, he realizes that material possessions and wealth do not necessarily bring happiness. He becomes disillusioned with his shallow and empty life, feeling trapped in a never-ending cycle of work and consumption. This realization prompts him to embark on a soul-searching journey to find true meaning and fulfillment.During his journey, John encounters various characterswho have also struggled with the same dilemma. He meets a wise old man who teaches him the importance of finding inner peace and contentment. He also befriends a humbletaxi driver who leads a simple life but radiates genuine happiness. Through these encounters, John learns that true happiness lies in the relationships we build, the experiences we cherish, and the love we share with others.As the movie progresses, John undergoes a transformation and starts prioritizing his relationships and personal growth over material possessions. He learns to appreciate the small joys in life and finds fulfillment in helping others. In the end, John realizes that the pursuit of happiness is not about acquiring more things but about living a life that aligns with one's values and brings joy to oneself and others.中文回答：电影《奔驰人生二》是一个引人入胜的故事，探索了生活的复杂性和追求幸福的过程。
History of Benz
History of Benz(奔驰的历史)Benz may be the most widely known car brand all around the world.It has the longest history in the auto world.In 1885 German,Karl Benz (卡尔·奔驰)built a three—wheeled vehicle with an intemal—combustion engine(内燃机) .It is usually considered the first car.And then he started his own manufacturing (制造)firm.In 1926 Benz’s firm mirged with(合并) the Daimler Motor Company,whose founder,Gottieb Daimler (戈尔利布·戴姆勒,shared the credit for the first automobile with Karl Benz.The new company was called Daimler—Benz.and it makes cars today under the Mercedes—Benz nameplate(品牌).In Benz’s history,there are so many engineers who are very important in development of the auto.Wilhelm Maybach(威廉·迈巴赫) and Ferdinand Porsche(费迪南德·保时捷) surely are the most famous chief engineers in Benz’s history .Each of them started car companies later under their own names :Maybach(迈巴赫)and Porsche(保时捷).Ferdinand Porsche also conceived(构想) the Volkswagen(大众汽车) and gave this idea to Adolf Hitler(阿道夫·希特勒) who put it intopractice.And it’s Ferdinand Porsche who drafted(勾画草图)the original design of the Beetle(甲壳虫汽车).To sum up ,Benz plays an important part of auto history.And in the last 120 years,Benz has contributed a lot to the development of the automobile.历史的凝眸梅赛德斯-奔驰创始人的理想与发明卡尔·本茨（Karl Benz）和戈特利布·戴姆勒（Gottlieb Daimler）既是汽车发明者，同时也是世界上历史最悠久的汽车制造公司的创始人。
奔驰的发展史简介 大起大落
奔驰的发展史简介大起大落----c254efa8-715a-11ec-8cf8-7cb59b590d7d奔驰的发展史简介大起大落梅赛德斯-奔驰&LPAR发展历史简介；起伏&rPar；奔驰的发展历程梅赛德斯-奔驰是一家传奇的汽车制造商。
他是汽车工业的始祖。
是他让我们了解汽车，让我们的生活更方便。
自从奔驰制造了第一辆世界公认的汽车后，一百多年过去了，汽车早已度过了他的百岁寿辰，而在这一百多年来，随着汽车工业的篷勃发展，曾涌出现很多的汽车厂家，也有显赫一时的，但最终不过是昙花一现。
到如今，能够经历风风雨雨而最终保存下来，不过三四家、而百年老店，却仅只奔驰公司一家。
我们现在所提到的奔驰汽车公司并不是由奔驰先生一人创办的，它是两大汽车巨人的合作，他们就是汽车发明的鼻祖卡尔·费利特里奇·奔驰和戈特利布·戴姆勒。
1926年这两大汽车公司合并为一家形成了戴姆勒·奔驰公司。
此时戴姆勒早已去逝。
而本茨也已经是82岁高龄了。
然而造化弄人这两位汽车发明巨匠不知什么原因，虽然两人分别在仅距80km的两座小城内，却从未见过一次面。
成为汽车史上的一大憾事。
但他们的继承人不负众望，使两位伟人所开创的事业得以发扬光大，使奔驰汽车公司成为了世界上第一流的汽车公司。
2.梅赛德斯-奔驰的起源1886年，奔驰发明了三轮车，与此同时，戴姆勒也发明出了他的第一辆四轮汽车，并且他们还同时带着自己的车出现在了世博会上，可惜的是他们没有相见。
3、梅赛德斯-奔驰的快速发展1890年，戴姆勒汽车公司成立（dmg），梅巴赫设计了第一台直列4缸四冲程发动机。
1926年，为了避免在不断增长的汽车工业中相互排挤，梅赛德斯-奔驰和戴姆勒最终走到了一起，成立了世界著名的“梅赛德斯-奔驰”汽车公司。
此后，公司坚持军品生产政策，决心依托德意志银行在德国建立统一的汽车产业。
在希特勒的第三帝国时期，该公司积极接触执政的国家社会党，并最终成为其“经济翼”。
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Fujian Daimler Automotive Co.,Ltd.
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总览 Overview
1 2
戴姆勒公司发展历史 Daimler History
戴姆勒Van发展历史 Van Development 福建戴姆勒介绍 FJDA Introduction
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历史漫谈
125年历史回顾记录
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
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戴姆勒公司品牌
Mercedes-Benz Cars 轿车 Daimler Trucks 卡车
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
ESP，ABS，ASR，BAS
1,901毫米 4,993毫米 1,875毫米 6 + 7座 2.77吨
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戴姆勒Vans系列发展
NCV2 Vito 威霆
欧洲上市： 发动机： 2003年 柴油，共轨直喷，欧Ⅲ， 2.2升，80-110千瓦 汽油，欧 IV， 3.0 升， 160千瓦 驱动方式： 安全配置： 外部宽度： 外部长度： 外部高度： 座位数： 总质量： 后轮驱动 ESP，ABS，ASR，BAS 1,901毫米 5,223毫米 1,875毫米 8 - 10座 2.77吨
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
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戴姆勒Vans系列发展
NCV3 Sprinter 斯宾特
欧洲上市： 发动机： 驱动方式： 型号： 2006年4月 柴油共轨直喷，欧 Ⅲ， 2.2 升， 80-110 千瓦 后轮驱动 标准 / 豪华 2种轴距
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戴姆勒Vans系列发展 梅赛德斯-奔驰Van现款车型：共有4个系列
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1.2 戴姆勒VAN发展
戴姆勒Van现销售车型
Vito and Viano(up to 2.94 t); Sprinter(2.59 to 5.0 t; The Freightliner brand in the NAFTA region); Vario(5.99 to 7.5 t); The predecessor Sprinter model (T1N) is still being built in Argentina
2007年, Chrysler
1890年, DMG成立
1912年，克莱斯勒成立
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历史漫谈
1909 1909
三叉星商标的来源及发展
数十年来，这个商标虽然略有变化，但是依然装饰于梅赛 德斯-奔驰汽车上，并已经成为汽车品质和安全性的象征 。如今，"梅赛德斯-奔驰"在世界各地代表着汽车的传统 、创新和未来。
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戴姆勒Vans系列发展
NCV2 Viano 唯雅诺
欧洲上市： 发动机： 驱动方式： 型号：
2003年 汽油，欧 IV， 3.0 升，160 千瓦 后轮驱动 豪华 / 高端
安全配置：
外部宽度： 外部长度： 外部高度： 座位数： 总质量：
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戴姆勒公司历史 历史漫谈
Gottlieb Daimler
Karl Benz
Wilhelm Maybach
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福建戴姆勒汽车工业有限公司（简称福建戴姆勒）成立于2007年6月，由福建省汽车工业集 团有限公司、戴姆勒轻型汽车（香港）有限公司（该公司系德国戴姆勒股份公司与台湾中华 汽车工业股份有限公司的合资企业）各出资50%组建而成。作为福建省委省政府大力支持的 重点支柱产业，福建戴姆勒的成立标志着福建汽车工业从闽台合作成功走向了国际合作。 福建戴姆勒位于福建省福州市闽侯县青口投资区内，总投资2.08亿欧元。其中，注册资本 1.60亿欧元，建设总投资额1.88亿欧元，总规划生产及物流用地66万平方米。工厂导入梅赛 德斯-奔驰生产系统（MPS），推行严格的质量管理体系，配套设施完备，是一座世界级水平 的现代化工厂，规划年产能4万辆。公司目前有来自中国、德国、西班牙等世界各地的优秀 员工，优势互补，造就了一支年轻、自律、敬业、高效的国际化团队。
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戴姆勒Vans系列
VIANO
VITO
Sprinter
VARIO
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
Fujian Daimler Automotive Co.,Ltd.
3种车身长度
安全配置： 外部宽度： 外部长度： 外部高度： 座位数： 总质量： ESP，ABS，ASR，BAS 1,993毫米 5,909－7,334毫米 2,675毫米 14－20座 3.55－5.0吨
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
Fujian Daimler Automotive Co.,Ltd.
Arial
内容 第二级 第三级 第四级 第五级
Daimler history & Van development 戴姆勒历史和Van车型发展
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
总览 Overview
1 2
戴姆勒公司发展历史 Daimler History
戴姆勒Van发展历史 Van Development 福建戴姆勒介绍 FJDA Introduction
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
Fujian Daimler Automotive Co.,Ltd.
25
Thank You !
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
Fujian Daimler Automotive Co.,Ltd.
26
集团总部：
主席：
Dieter Zetsche from Jan.1st,2006
制造厂：
遍布37 个国家
产品销售：
More than 200 countries 二百多个国家
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
Fujian Daimler Automotive Co.,Ltd.
1916
1926
1989
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
Fujian Daimler Automotive Co.,Ltd.
8
戴姆勒/ Daimler AG
戴姆勒为欧洲、美国和其他国际投资者所有； 约发行十亿股股票 德国的斯图加特 (美国密歇根州的奥本山)
公司所有权：
Fujian Daimler Automotive Co.,Ltd.
4
戴姆勒公司历史 历史漫谈
DMG 创始人
（Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft）
戈特利布. 戴姆勒 Gottlieb Daimler
成就 Achievement:
DMG 技术总监
1884年，更轻更小的四冲程发动机；
Fujian Daimler Automotive Co.,Ltd.
Emil Jellinek
3
戴姆勒公司历史 历史漫谈
1844年11月25日
卡尔. 本茨
Karl Benz
1909年，世界最快的赛车
1990年， 最大的汽车制造商
1883年, Benz & Cie
1886年
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
厢式货 车
厢式货车
戴姆勒·奔驰股份公 司与克莱斯勒公司合 并成为戴姆勒-克莱斯 勒股份公司
1998 1999 2000
乘用车
乘用车
新一代奔驰Sprinter 在欧洲上市 改款奔驰Sprinter
2006 2003
改款奔驰 Vito
奔驰Viano和新一代奔驰 Vito 在欧洲上市
乘用车
厢式货车
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
1885年，第一辆摩托车；
1886年，第一辆汽油马车；
威廉. 迈巴赫 Wilhelm Maybach
After-Sales / Mkt. & Org. Dept.
1901年，第一辆现代汽车。
Fujian Daimler Automotive Co.,Ltd.