考点12 代词(原卷版).pdf

2020年高考英语一轮考点扫描专题12 代词一、【知识精讲】考点一：人称、物主、反身、指示和疑问代词（一）人称代词1. 人称代词指代的数量前后要一致。

The students must be made to understand how important each subject is to them.2. 句中没有谓语动词,人称代词要用宾格。

—The town is so beautiful！I just love it. —Me too.3. 在than, as后用主格、宾格都可以。

I'm taller than she/her.I'm as tall as she/her.4. 在作表语时,用宾格较多。

—Who is knocking at the door? —It's me.（二）物主代词1. 名词性物主代词＝形容词性物主代词＋名词。

Look at the two pencils. The red one is your pencil, the blue one is mine. (mine＝my pencil)2. 形容词性物主代词不与a/an, any, this, that, these, some, several, no, each, another等词连用。

3. 当形容词性物主代词与all和both连用时,必须放在all和both之后。

Anyway, I can't cheat him—it's against all my principles.（三）反身代词1. 作宾语时,常用在介词for, of, in, between, among或动词后。

You shouldn't leave the child at home by himself.One should not live only for oneself.含有反身代词的习惯用语有：seat oneself；behave oneself；enjoy oneself；come to oneself；devote oneself to；adapt oneself to；accustom oneself to。

2. 作表语、同位语用于be, feel, seem, look等后,作表语,表示身体处于正常状态；作同位语时,主要用于加强名词的语气, 可紧跟在名词后面或位于句尾。

I'm not myself today.The thing itself is not important.（四）指示代词this, that, these, those, such, so1. this/these指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物；this还可以指下文将要谈到的人或物。

2. that/those指在时间或空间上较远的人或事物；that还可以指上文提到过的人或物。

3. such指代前面所叙述的人或事物。

作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于后面的名词或代词的数。

4. so代替一个句子或短语所表达的内容,意为“如此,这样”。

在believe, think, expect, suppose, imagine, guess等词后用so代替前文提出的观点。

This apple pie is too sweet, don't you think so?Such is the power of the TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.one, ones, that, those与it作替代词时的区别1. one替代上文单数可数名词,表泛指,同类不同一,相当于“a/an＋单数名词”。

The train was crowded so we decided to catch a later one.2. ones替代上文出现的名词复数,表泛指,同类不同一。

3. that替代上文出现的单数可数名词或不可数名词,表特指,同类不同一,相当于“the＋单数可数名词/不可数名词”。

一般不和冠词连用,其后总有修饰语。

His own experience was different from that of his friends.4. those是that的复数形式。

替代上文出现的复数名词(尤其是有后置定语时),表特指,同类不同一。

The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.5. it替代上文提到的“同一”事物。

I love the spring—it is a wonderful time of the year.（五）疑问代词1.whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever分别是what, which, who, whom的强调形式,表示说话人的惊讶、愤慨、困惑等感情色彩。

Whatever can you mean?Whoever thought up that joke?3. 四个特殊短语What for...？为何？What if...？要是……会怎么样？What/How about...？……怎么样？(表示征求意见,常接动名词),So what？那又怎样？考点二：不定代词（一）none, nobody/no one, nothing1. none既可指人也可指物,多与表示范围的介词of连用；与数量有关,可回答how many或how much类的问句,表示“一个也没有”。

My brother would like to buy a good watch but none was available from that shop.2. nobody/no one不能与of连用,只能指人,表示“什么人也没有”,可回答who引导的疑问句。

Nobody can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn't love it.3. nothing表示“什么也没有”,用来否定一切,可回答what引导的疑问句。

（二）another, other, the other, others, the others1. another指三者或三者以上中的任何一个,用作代词或形容词。

Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is another.2. other不能单独使用,只能修饰名词,表示泛指意义。

3. the other指“两者中的另一个”,常与one连用,组成one...the other...表示“一个……另一个……”；作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“全部其余的”。

I have two books; one is English, and the other is French.4. others单独使用,表示泛指意义,意为“其他的人或事物”,常与some一起出现；特指“其他的全部人或事物”时用the others。

In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in others, knives and forks.（三）either, both, neither, all, none, anyeither肯定意义表示“两者中的一个”,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数both肯定意义表示“两者都”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数neither否定意义表示“两者都不”,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数all肯定意义作主语时,谓语动词的人称和数应与all所指代的人或事物保持一致none 否定意义作主语后接复数名词时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数；后接不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数any肯定意义作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可,常与of连用She'd lived in London and Manchester, but she liked neither and moved to Cambridge.Niki is always full of ideas, but none is useful to my knowledge.All horses are animals, but not all animals are horses.注意：1. both, all与not连用表示部分否定；表示全部否定应用neither, none。

2. 区分the other和the rest of：the other只能修饰可数单数名词或复数名词；the rest of既可以修饰复数名词,又可修饰不可数名词。

（四）复合不定代词的特殊用法1. anything but 根本不；nothing but仅仅,只不过；something like大约,类似；anything like完全像,全然。

They can get something like ￡3,000 a year.2. somebody有时有“重要人物”之意,nobody则指“小人物,无名之辈”。

She rose from being nobody to become a superstar.She thinks she's really somebody in that car.3. something of a/an颇有几分,堪称。

He is something of a book collector.4. anywhere between大约I think Mrs Stark could be anywhere between 50 and 60 years of age.考点三：it用法（一）it作人称代词1. it 作人称代词可以指事物或人。

it 指人时,主要用于指性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。

Is it a boy or a girl?There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman.注意：在答语中,常用来指本人,如：It's me。

2. it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。

—What's this？— It's a new machine.（二）it作非人称代词1. 指时间、距离、天气、日期、温度等。

It rained all day yesterday.It's early spring, but it is already hot.2. 用于一些固定句型中。