人物型阅读理解及答案

1.2013山东卷George Gershwin, born in 1898, was one of America’s greatest composers. He published his first song when he was eighteen years old. During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.Many of Gershwin’s songs were first written f or musical plays performed in theatres in New York City. These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s. Many of his songs have remained popular as ever. Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way---from jazz to country.In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music. Could jazz, some people asked, be considered serious music? In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music. Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it. And in that short time, he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue. Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. The audience were thrilled when they heard his music. It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.In 1928, Gershwin went to Paris. He applied to study composition (作曲) with the well-known musician Nadia Boulanger, but she rejected him. She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazz-influenced style. While there, Gershwin wrote An American in Paris. When it was first performed, critics (评论家) were divided over the music. Some called it happy and full of life, to others it was silly and boring. But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States. It still remains one of his most famous works.George Gershwin died in 1937, just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer. He was only thirty-nine years old. Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages. People mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written.1. Many of Gershwin’s musical works were _________.A. written about New YorkersB. composed for Paul Whiteman.C. played mainly in the countrysideD. performed in various ways.2. What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman?A. It attracted more people to theatres.B. It proved jazz could be serious music.C. It made Gershwin leader of the orchestra.D. It caused a debate among jazz musicians.3. What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris?A. He created one of his best works.B. He studied with Nadia Boulanger.C. He argued with French critics.D. He changed his music style.4. What do we learn from the last paragraph?A. Many of Gershwin’s works were lost.B. The death of Gershwin was widely reported.C. A concert was held in memory of Gershwin.D. Brain cancer research started after Gershwin’s death.5. Which of the following best describes Gershwin?A. Talented and productive.B. Serious and boring.C. Popular and unhappy.D. Friendly and honest.参考答案1.D 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A2.2013河南适应性测试It was the last time Susan Butcher ran the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race in 1992．An hour into the race, Susan and her sled dog team sped down a hill and crashed into a fallen tree．Although hurt, Susan continued the difficult race.The Iditarod started in 1925 when a doctor in Nome, Alaska was desperately in need of medicine to stop the spread of a deadly disease．Only a hospital had what he needed, but it was 700 miles away! In January, it was too dangerous to send a boat and too stormy for his tiny airplane．The only hope was to use several sled dog teams following a trail, called the Iditarod Trail．They passed the medicine from one sled team to another．Wind and snow did not stop the men and their dogs．The medicine was delivered in record time．The race follows the route of the famous medicine run．Over l,000 miles long, it is considered the toughest race in the world． Susan Butcher was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts．In her teens Susan was given a Siberian husky dog and became very interested in huskies as sled dogs．After reading about the Iditarod Race, Susan moved to Alaska．She worked at several jobs to earn money to buy herself a sled and a team of huskies．After years of hard work and training, Susan achieved her dream of racing on the Iditarod trail． In 1978,at the age of 24,Susan entered the race for the first time and became the first woman to finish in the top 20．In 1982 she came in second．In 1984 she was leading her team across a frozen waterway when they fell into the water．Her lead dog managed to pull Susan and the other dogs out of danger．Remarkably, she came in second．In her fourth race, in 1985,a starving moose（大角糜鹿）attacked her dogs, killing two and injuring eleven．Susan had to leave the race．In 1986 Susan joined the race again．This time, she won．She won again in 1987．In 1988 she became the first person ever to win three Iditarod Races in a row．Unbelievably, Susan won for the fourth time in 1990．1．According to the text, Susan Butcher entered the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race at least _______ times．A．six B．seven C．eight D．nine2．In Paragraph 2,the author wants to tell us _______．A．how the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race beganB．how the spread of a deadly disease was stoppedC．how tough the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race wasD．how Susan Butcher began to show interest in the race3．In the years of _______ ,Susan Butcher won three races in a row．A．1984,1985 and 1986 B．1985 ,1987 and 1988C．1986,1987 and 1988 D．1987,1988 and 19904. What led to some of Susan Butcher's failures?A．Snowstorms． B．Lack of food． C．Accidents． D．Lack of experience．参考答案1. D 2. A 3. C 4. C3.北京海淀期末One day, I received a call from a colleague. He was about to give a student a zero for his answer to a physical problem, while the student claimed a perfect score. I was elected as their arbiter（仲裁人）. I read the examination problem："Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer（气压计）. ”The stude nt had answered; "Take the barometer to the top of the building, attach a long rope to it, lower it to the street, and then bring it up, measuring the length of the rope. The length of it is the height of the building.”The student had really answered the question completely, but the answer didn't confirm his competence in physics. I suggested the student try again. I gave him six minutes to answer the question, warning that the answer should show some knowledge of physics. Five minutes later, he said he had many answers and dashed off one, which read：“Take the barometer to the top of the building and lean over the edge of the roof. Drop the barometer, timing its fall with a stopwatch. Then, use the physical formula（公式）to calculate the height of the building.”At this point, my colleague had to accept it, and then the student made almost full marks. I couldn't help asking the student what the other answers were. He listed many others, and then added, "Probably the best is to take the barometer to the administrator and said to him, …Sir, here is a fine barometer. If you tell me the height of the building, I will give it to you.”,Then, I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question. He admitted that he did, but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think.The name of the student was Bohr who later was famous all over the world. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922.1. The student got a zero at the beginning because _____.A. the teacher wasn't satisfied with himB. his answer wasn't complete or correctC. the teacher didn't fully understand his answerD. his answer didn't show his knowledge of physics2. We know from the passage that _____.A. the student knew the expected answerB. the administrator told Bohr the heightC. the author preferred Bohr's last answerD. the teacher was a very stubborn person3. We can learn from the passage that _____.A. instructors can teach students how to thinkB. arbiters can help students to get high scoresC. students should be given more freedom in thinkingD. teachers should make students use physical formulas4. What was Bohr's attitude toward his schooling?A. Optimistic.B. Critical.C. Approving.D. Ambiguous.参考答案1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B4.2013云南省统考One of the candidates TIME's editors are choosing as the Person of the Year 2012 is a beautiful, little, dark-haired girl from remote, rural Pakistan who simply wanted to go to school．On October 9, 2012, 15-year-old Malala Yousafzai was shot in the head by a Taliban gunman in Pakistan．She survived the attack and was sent by helicopter to have a bullet removed from her head in a hospital 6,000 miles away in Birmingham, England．Malala has now become the most famous teenager on earth, a symbol of women's rights and has even been nominated for next year's Nobel Peace Prize．However, Malala is no shallow, empty-headed, media-created idol -she is a real flesh-and-blood young woman who has already challenged the fearsome Taliban militants （武装分子）．Reportedly, she wants to return to Pakistan, where her life would be in constant danger．Such courage would be rare for such a young girl．Malala began writing an anonymous （匿名的）blog for BBC when she was only 11 years old, criticizing the Taliban for their activities in her hometown and advocating for women's education in Pakistan．"I have a new dream," she once said．"I must be a politician to save this country．There are so many crises in our country．I want to remove these crises．"How many little girls have uttered something so mature, selfless and elegant as that ?She also possesses extraordinary courage ?years ago, militants had been threatening her life．In response to these threats, Malala calmly responded: "I think of it often and imagine the scene clearly．Even if they come to kill me, I will tell them what they are trying to do is wrong．Education is our basic right．"1．What happened to Malala in the year 2012?A．She was given the Nobel Prize for Peace．B．She began writing a blog for BB C．C．She was wounded by the Taliban．D．She rose to fame because other words．37．What does Malala call for in her country?A．Peace for all people．B．Research into crises．C．Women's right to education．D．Equality of men and women．38．According to the text, Malala is a young girl who is ______．A．courageous and mature B．poor and ill-educatedC．fearless and generous D．sensitive and careful39．What is the best title for this text?A．The V oice of a Heroine B．Malala, Candidate of Person of the Year C．Portrait of a Girl Blogger D．Pakistani Girl Shot by Taliban参考答案1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B5.2014预测He may not have learned to read and write until he was 91, but Jim Henry is becoming a literary star．Since the 98-year-old Academy Point resident published his first book．Jwa Fisherman's Language, in Nov, 2011, he and his family have been in a world of book printings, agents, publicity, and film rights．The book's first printing of 780 copies were sold out in just two weeks and 1,000 more arrived last week．A New York City film producer has contacted Henry and his family．A German television station and a Greek newspaper are doing stories about him．There's an offer for an audio book．And people from not just around the country but the world have called and emailed wanting a book．When he was a third-grade student, his father made him and his brother quit school so they could work odd jobs．Over the years, he hid his illiteracy （无学识）from friends and relatives by employing a variety of tricks, such as ordering what he heard someone else asked for when he went to a restaurant．Then, seven years ago, at 91, Henry was inspired after learning about the story of George Dawson, the grandson of a slave who wanted to earn his high school diploma by learning how to read and write at 98．Dawson went on to write the book Life Is So Good．Henry began by reading books designed for first-graders and spent countless hours practicing how to write, first the alphabet and his name, then small words．Mark Hogan, a retired East Lyme English teacher who is a volunteer, spent many hours with Henry helping him read and write and editing the book.1．Why did Jim Henry become famous?A．Because his story was written in a textbook．B．Because his book was translated into foreign languages.C．Because he published his first book at the age of 98．D．Because his story was spread widely online．2．Why did Henry stop going to school in the third grade?A．He had to support his brother to study．B．He wasn't interested in studying at all．C．He was often laughed at by his classmates．D．He had to help support his family．3．What made Henry learn how to read and write again?A．The story of George Dawson．B．The book Life Is So Good．C．The requests of his family．D．The encouragement from Mark Hogan．4．What can we learn from Henry's story?A．Knowledge is power．B．It's never too old to learn．C．You can't teach an old dog new tricks．D．A little learning is a dangerous thing．参考答案1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B6.2014预测阅读理解Famous as “the king of chefs and the chef of kings”，Auguste Escoffier helped raise the position of cooking from a laborer's task to an artist's job. Escoffier was born on October 28，1846, in the small village of VilleneuveLoubet, near Nice, France. Among the key figures in the boy's life was his father, who worked primarily as a blacksmith(铁匠). His grandmother, an enthusiastic cook, was perhaps more responsible than anyone for introducing the boy to an appreciation of the delights of cooking.Young Escoffier attended the local school until age 12, upon which time his father thought it necessary that the boy learnt a trade. In school he had shown a talent for drawing, yet he was told to regard this art only as a hobby, and to find his career in a more practical profession. Thus his father took him to Nice in 1859, where he would work as an apprentice(学徒)in his uncle's restaurant, the respectable Le Restaurant Francais.At Le Restaurant Francais, Escoffier was not treated as the close relative of the boss. Rather, he experienced a classically demanding apprenticeship. For this strictness of training he would later, in his memoirs(回忆录), express gratefulness. During this time Escoffier also attended night school, and had to deal with his studies as well as the demands of a promising career.When Escoffier was 19 and had taken on yet more responsibilities in his uncle's restaurant, a customer recognized his skills and offered him work in Paris. This was the owner of Le Petit Moulin Rouge, one of the finest restaurants in Paris, where Escoffier was to become a souschef, ranking below the head chef. After three years in this position, he rose to the level of head chef, wearing the respected chef's hat.1．It was his ________ who first influenced Escoffier to be interested in cooking. A．father B．mother C．uncle D．grandmother2．We can infer that as a schoolboy, Escoffier might hope to be ________．A．a chef B．a businessman C．an artist D．a blacksmith3.Which of the following can vest describe Escoffier?A.Hard-working.B.Honest.C.Warm-hearted.D.Modest. 4．What is the text mainly about?A．How to become a chef in France.B．The influence of Auguste Escoffier.C．What an apprentice is required to do.D．The early life of a famous French chef.参考答案1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D。