25mw凝汽式汽轮机组热力设计.

毕业设计说明书

25MW 凝汽式汽轮机组热力设计

学号：

学 院： 专 业：

指导教师：

2016年6月

1227024207 中北大学（朔州校区） 热能与动力工程 张志香

30MW凝汽式汽轮机组热力设计

摘要

本课题针对30MW凝汽式汽轮机组进行热力设计，在额定功率下确定汽轮机型式及参数，使其运行时具有较高的经济性，并考虑汽轮机的结构、系统、布置等方面的因素，以达到“节能降耗，保护环境”的目的。

本文首先对汽轮机进行了选型，对汽轮机总进汽量进行了计算、通流部分的选型、压力级比焓降分配及级数的确定、汽轮机级的热力计算、漏气量的计算与整机校核等。根据通流部分选型，确定排汽口数与末级叶片、配汽方式和调节级的选型，并进行各级比焓降分配与级数的确定；对各级进行热力计算，求出各级通流部分的几何尺寸，相对内效率，实际热力过程曲线。根据热力计算结果，修正各回热抽汽点压力达到符合实际热力过程曲线的要求，并修正回热系统的热力平衡计算，分析并确定汽轮机热力设计的基本参数。

关键词：汽轮机，凝汽式，热力系统，热力计算

Thermodynamic design of 30MW condensing steam turbine

Abstract

This topic for 30MW steam turbine unit for thermal design, seek appropriate turbine at rated power, to make it run with higher economic and to considered to steam turbine structure, system and arrangement and parts. So it can achieve "energy saving, environmental protection" purpose.

Determination of machine, firstly, the steam turbine for the selection of the turbine total inlet were calculated through flow part of the selection pressure enthalpy drop distribution and series, steam turbine thermodynamic calculation, the leakage amount of calculation and check. According to the through flow part of selection to determine the exhaust port number and the last stage blades of steam distribution mode and regulation level selection, and for different levels of specific enthalpy drop distribution and the series of levels with a thermodynamic calculation for at all levels through flow part of the geometry and relative internal efficiency, the actual thermodynamic process curve. According to the thermodynamic calculation results, correction of regenerative extraction steam pressure to conform to the actual thermodynamic process curve, and repair Thermodynamic equilibrium calculation, analysis and determination of the basic parameters of the thermal design of the turbine.

keywords:steam turbine, condensing type, thermodynamic system, thermodynamic calculation

目录

1 绪论 (1)

2 汽轮机基本参数确定 (2)

2.1原始数据 (2)

2.2 汽轮机的基本参数确定 (2)

3 汽轮机总进汽量的初步估算 (5)

3.1 回热抽汽压力确定 (5)

3.2 热经济性初步计算 (6)

4 通流部分的选型 (15)

4.1 排汽口数与末级叶片 (15)

4.2 配汽方式和调节级的选型 (15)

4.3 压力级设计特点 (18)

5 压力级比焓降分配及级数的确定 (20)

5.1 蒸汽通道的合理形状 (20)

5.2 各级平均直径的确定 (20)

5.3 级数的确定与比焓降的分配 (22)

6 汽轮机级的热力计算 (25)

6.1 叶型及其选择 (25)

6.2 级的热力计算 (27)

6.3级的详细计算 (34)

7 汽轮机漏汽量的计算与整机校核 (37)

7.1 阀杆漏汽量的计算 (37)

7.2 轴封漏汽量的计算 (37)

7.3 汽封直径的确定 (38)

7.4 整机校核 (39)

8 结论 (40)

致谢 (41)

参考文献 (42)