“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句_

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句_
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，关系代词常用 which （指物） whom(指人），即介词+which/whom。

1.当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词which或whom不能省略。

He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of which had t been cleaned for at least a year.
他付给那个男孩10美元擦洗10扇窗户，这10扇窗户中大部分至少一年没擦了。

In the dark street, there wasn t a single person to whom she couid turn.
在黑暗的街道上,她没有一个可以求助的人。

定语从句中，当介词位于定语从句的末 which (指物），that/whom/who (指人）作介词的宾语，而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。

This is the hero that/who/whom/(可省略) we are proud of.
这是我们引以为荣的那个英雄。

This is the pen that/which/(可省略) I I wrote the letter with.
这是我写信时用的那支钢笔。

【温馨提示】
①有些动词+介词的固定词组不可把介词置于关系代词前。

这就是我正在找的磁带。

[误]This is the right tape for which I m looking, [正]This is the right tape that I m looking for.
②常见的不可拆开的动词词组有：
care for 喜欢,关心
deal with 处理，对付
get through 通过;到达;接通电话
hear from/of 收到某人的来信/听说
look for/after寻找/照顾
send for派人去请
see to照管，料理
3.复合介词短语+关系代词which 引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开，定语从句常用倒装语序。

He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tree.
他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵大树。

4. 介词+which/ whom+不定式结构。

The poor man has no house in which to live.
= The poor man has no house to live in.
= The poor man has no house in which he can live.
那个穷人没房子住。

The beggar has no money with which to buy food.
= The beggar has no money to buy food with.
= The beggar has no money with which he can buy food.
那个乞丐没钱买吃的。

5. 名词/代词+介词+关系代词结构
此类结构常见的有：some/several/a few/a little/ many/more/most of which/whom 等形式。

Here are the questions，some of which I think are dif?ficult for you.
这儿有些问题，其中一些我认为对你来说是难的。

6.关系代词前介词的确定
(1)依据定语从句中动词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。

I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.
我买了很多书，这些书花了我积攒的所有的钱。

(2)依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定。

I ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
我永远不会忘记孩童时期我在乡村度过的时光。

(3)根据所表达的意思来确定。

The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.
这种无色的气体称为氧气，离了它我们不能存活。

例 1 In our class there are 46 students,____half wear glasses.
A.in whom
B.in them
C.of whom
D.of them
解析句意:我们班有46名学生,其中有一半戴眼镜。

本题考查定语从句。

前后两部分之间没有连词，故空格处引导定语从句。

先行词为46 students,将先行词代人定语从句后为：Half of the 46 students wear glasses.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作0f的宾语，且表示人，故用whom引导。

故答案选C。

答案C
例 2 She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction____had taken more than three years.
A.for which
B.with which
C.of which
D.to which
解析句意:她带领游客们参观了这个博物馆,建设这个博物馆花了三年多的时间。

本题考查非限制性定语从句。

由于本题中两个分句之间既没有从属连词，又没有并列连词，所以此处应该是一个非限制性定语从句，其中先行词是the museum，和construction之间具有所属关系，所以应该用介词of，故答案为C项。