定语从句知识点讲解人教版九年级英语全册

定语从句知识点讲解
一、含义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的，当定语的从句叫定语从句。

二、分类
定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去， 如: I was a top boy that everyone likes me.
2.非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，若省去，意思仍完整。

如:Michael Jackson, who is the greatest singer in the world, passed away in 2010.
三、先行词与关系词
1、被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

例如：I like the house which we live in. 定语从句
先行词 关系词
关系代词 2、关系词
四、关系代词用法
1、who 和whom 用法 who 和whom 都指人，who 在从句中可作主语或宾语，whom 在从句中作宾语，有时可用who 代替whom 。

但是在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词置于whom 之前时，不能用who 代替。

例如：The couple who called yesterday want to buy the car
The tourists who/whom I met in the park were very kind.
2. which 用法
which 用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语
例如：The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
3. that 用法
that 既可以指人，也可以指物。

在从句中作主语或宾语。

例如：Mary likes music that/which is quiet and gentle.
I know the people that/who live over the road.
★ 注意：指物时关系词只能用that 的情况：
1) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰
例如：He was the first person that passed the exam.
关系代词 指人：who 作主或宾语, whom 在句中作宾语 指物：which 作主语，宾语 指人或物：that 作主语、宾语、表语，whose 作定语 关系副词 指时间：when 作时间状语 指地点：where 作地点状语 指原因：why 作原因状语
2) 被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时。

例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the market？
3）先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last等词修饰时
例如：This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

4) 先行词里同时含有人或物时.
例如：I can remember all the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
5) 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.
例如：Who is the girl that is singing?
Which the book that you want to buy?
4. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语. 可译为“…的”
例如He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
例如The classroom whose window is broken will soon be repaired.
= The classroom the window of which is broken will soon be repaired.
Do you like the book whose cover is red?
=Do you like the book the color of which is red?
练一练：
1. Mr. Li is a teacher _____ is patient with his students.
A. which
B. who
C. where
2. The movie ______ I saw last night was fantastic.
A. that
B. what
C. whose
D. who
3. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？
-Yes, he’ s our headmaster.
A. he
B. who
C. which
D. whom
4. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. it
5. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？
A. that you bought
B. you bought it
C. that you bought it
D. which you bought it
五、关系副词的用法
（1）when指时间, 在句中作时间状语。

例如：This was the time when he arrived.
（2）where指地点, 在句中作地点状语。

例如：This is the place where he works.
This is the house where he lives.
（3）why 指原因，在句中作原因状语。

例如：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.
★注意：关系副词=介词+关系代词
例如：This is the room where / in which he lives..
I still remember the year when/ in which I joined the Party.
This is the reason why / for which he was killed.
练一练：
1. -Do you know _____ grandma is going to visit me?
- Next Sunday. She told me on the telephone.
A. where
B. when
C. why
D. whether
2. She was so angry at _____ he was doing _____ she talked out without a word.
A. what; that
B. that; what C what; what D. that; that
3. -Tomorrow is Father’s Day.
- The first thing ____ I will do is to make a card for him.
A. who
B. where
C. whose
D. that
4. The charities have developed more children with the money ____ people raise.
A. who
B. what
C. where
D. which
5. She is so satisfied with _____ he has done ____ she keeps praising him.
A. what; that
B. that; what
C. that; that。