高考英语考查连词while的四关键点

高考英语考查连词while的四关键点
一、考查表示时间的用法，其意为“当……的时候”。

如：
We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。

Have we got enough books to read while we are on holiday? 假期里我们有足够的书看吗?
Were there any calls for me while I was out? 我出去的时候，有人来过电话吗?
She hates anyone listening while she is telephoning. 她打电话时不愿让任何人听。

二、考查表示让步的用法，其意为“尽管”“虽然”。

如：
While the work was difficult, it was interesting. 虽然工作有难度，但很有趣。

While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you. 虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。

三、考查表示对比的用法，其意为“而”“但”。

如：
Some people waste food while others haven’t enough. 一些人糟踏食物而另一些人却食不果腹。

I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳，而其余的人则去打网球了。

Prices are rising sharply, while incomes are lagging far behind. 物价飞涨而收入却远远落后。

注：这样用时，while引出的句子通常位于末，但有时也可位于句首。

如：
While most children learn to read easily, some need extra help. 大多数儿童学会阅读很容易，有一些儿童却需要特别帮助。

While Deauville is a holiday resort, Trouville is more of a working town. 特维尔是个度假胜地，而特鲁维尔更多的却是个工业城市。

四、考查其省略用法，即主句与从句主语相同，且从句谓语动词含有动词be时，通常可省略从句主语和动词be。

如：
While (he was) in prison, she wrote her first novel. 她在狱中写出了第一部小说。

He had strayed from home while still a boy. 他小时候就离开家到处流浪了。

He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework. 他做着做着功课就睡着了。

【考点实训】
01. She just sits there reading her story book, _________ I do all the work.
A. until
B. while B. because D. though
02. Their economy has expanded enormously, _________ ours, by contrast, has declined.
A. while
B. unless B. in case D. which
03. Could you watch my bags for me, _________ I go to the toilet?
A. though
B. unless B. what D. while
04. The professor is typing his own letters _________ his secretary is ill.
A. what
B. which B. if D. while
05. She said she was going to the shops and sked me whether I wanted anything _________ she was out.
A. though
B. while B. which D. before
06. Tea is the most popular drink, _________coffee comes second.
A. since
B. until B. what D. while
07. Schools in the north tend to be better equipped, _________ those in the south are relatively poor.
A. since
B. before B. while D. because
08. It is no accident that men fill most of the top jobs in nursing, _________ women remain on the lower grades.
A. after
B. since B. while D. which
09. _________ trying to open the can, I cut my hand.
A. Though
B. Because B. For D. While
10. Some people prefer a vegetarian diet, _________ others prefer a meat-based diet.
A. though
B. while B. which D. for
11. He didn’t ask me in; he kept me standing at the door _________ he read the message.
A. while
B. before B. after D. which
12. Now’s the time to buy a car, _________ the interest rates are low.
A. but
B. which B. while D. until
13. The couple took good care of the baby _________ occupied by their work.
A. while
B. after B. which D. since
14. How did you spend your time _________ you were on holiday?
A. although
B. while B. which D. since
15. Because Jane had once had a bad accident _________ driving, she was afraid to try it again.
A. though
B. unless B. for D. while
【参考答案】01—05 BADDB 06—10 DCCDB 11—15 ACABD
as的语法特点归纳
1. 用作连词，表示让步(意为：虽然，尽管)，要用于倒装句，且倒装后位于句首的名词通常不用
冠词(等于though, 但语气稍弱)：
Child as[though]he was, he did quite well. 他虽是个孩子，但已干得很不错。

2. 用作关系代词，主要用法有二：
(1) 用在such, same, as等之后，引导限制性定语从句：
This is the same watch as I lost. 这块表跟我丢失的那块一样。

Such men as (=Those men who) heard of him praised him. 听说过他的人都赞扬他。

(2) 单独用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前(常译为：正如)或之后(常译
为：这一点)，且主从句之间一般要用逗号隔开：
He was absent, as is often the case. 他缺席了，这是常有的事。

As was expected, he succeeded at last. 正如我们所料，他终于成功了。

3. 用来表示目的，下面两种句子结构都可以：
仔细写以便把每句话都写清楚。

正：Write carefully so as to make every sentence clear.
正：Write so carefully as to make every sentence clear.
4. 在正式文体(尤其是文学体裁)中，as后可用倒装语序表示“…也一样”这类意思(现代英语通常so表示这一用法)：
He travelled a great deal, as did most of his friends. 他去过许多地方旅游，他的多数朋友也是一样。

5. 用于as if
as though, 意为“仿佛”、“似乎”。

两者一般可通用(但注意不能说as although)。

注意几点：(1) as if [though] 可引导状语从句和表语从句，从句谓语根据语义的要求，可用陈述语气(若可能为事实)或虚拟语气(若为假设或不太可能是事实)：
It looks as if it is going to rain. 天似乎要下雨了。

He talks as though he knew everything. 他夸夸其谈，好像无所不知。

When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken. 当把一支铅笔的一部分放在一杯水里时，它看起来好像折断了似的。

当主句谓语是过去时态时，从句谓语常可用陈述语气：
He paused as though he found a difficulty. 他停了下来，似乎遇到了一个难题。

She felt as if she lost something. 他觉得似乎丢了什么东西。

(2) 当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语中又包括有动词be时，从句主语及其谓语中的动词be通常可以省去：
From time to time he turned round as though (he was) searching for someone. 他不时地四下张望，好像在找人。

He opened his mouth as if (he was)to speak. 他张开口，好像要说话似的。

6. 关于as…as, 用法注意：
(1) 中间只能用形容词或副词的原级，不能用比较级或最高级。

如果在第二个as之后使用独立的人称代词，一般说来用主格(较正式)或宾格(非正式)均可：
He’s as old as she /her. 他年纪跟她一样大。

注意：要是第二个as之后的人称代词跟有谓语动词，则该人称代词只能用主格：
He is as old as she is.
但是有时用主格或宾格含义差别很大：
You love him as much as I (=as I love him). 你爱他像我爱他一样。

You love him as much as me (=as you love me). 你爱他像爱我一样。

(2) 在肯定句中用as…as, 在否定句中用not as…as或not so…as 均可：
because, since, as, for的用法区别
四者均可用来表示原因，区别如下：
(1) 关于because：语气最强，表示直接原因，可用于回答why 提出的问题、引导表语从句、用于强调句等，而其余三者均不行：
“Why didn’t he come?” “Because he was ill.” “他为什么没来?”“因为他病了。

”
My stomach hurts because I have eaten too many apples. 我肚子痛，因为苹果吃得太多。

That’s because you can’t appreciate music. 这是因为你不能欣赏音乐。

It is because he is honest that I like him. 是因为他诚实我才喜欢他。

(2) 关于since 与as：
a. 两者所表示的原因都是人们已知的，即对已知事实提供理由，而不是表示直接原因。

since 比as 语气稍强，且比as 略为正式，它们引导的从句通常放在主句之前，有时也放在主句之后：
As you weren’t there, I left a message. 由于你不在那儿，我留了个口信。

Since you are wrong, you should apologize. 你既然错了，就应该道歉。

b. since 可用于省略句，而其他三者不行：
Since so, I have nothing to say. 既然如此，我无话可说。

(3) 关于for：是并列连词(其余三者为从属连词)，它有时可表示因果关系(通常要放在主句之后，且可与because 换用)；有时不表示因果关系，而是对前面分句内容的解释或推断(也要放在主句之后，但不能与because 换用)。

比较：
The ground is wet, for (=because) it rained last night. 地面是湿的，因为昨晚下过雨。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning. 昨晚一定下过雨，你看今天早上地面是湿的。

(此句不能用because 代for)
He doesn’t study as [so] hard as his brother. 他学习不如他弟弟努力。

(3) 要注意比较对象的一致性，即比较的双方必须是可以比较的同类人或物，否则会出错：
正：The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。

误：The population of China is much larger than Japan.
(此句错在将the population of China 与Japan 来比较，比较对象不一致)
(4) 如果涉及数量或程度，可用以下两个结构：
①as much＋(不可数名词＋) as
②as many＋(可数名词复数＋) as
You must speak English as much as possible. 你必须尽可能地多说英语。

You’ve made as many mistakes as I have. 你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。

(5) 请注意下列结构的词序：
她和她妈妈一样是位好厨师。

正：She is a cook as good as her mother.
正：She is as good a cook as her mother.
误：She is as a good cook as her mother. (from )
(6) 修饰as…as结构的常见词语有nearly, almost, just, exactly, half, quite, twice, three times等，请注意这些修饰语都只能放在as…as 结构之前(而不能置于其中或其后：
This rope is twice as long as that one. 这根绳子比那根长一倍。

(7) as…as结构的下列用法，属于“异质比较”(注：
主、从句的主语和谓语一致时，从句的主语和谓语有时可以省略)：
The room is as long as (it is) wide. 这房间的长宽尺寸一样。

The news was as unexpected as (it was) welcome. 这消息来得突然，但受人欢迎。

(8) as…as结构在一定的上下文中可以用其省略结构(即省去其中的一个as)：
She’s clever, but her brother is just as clever. 她很聪明，但她兄弟也一样聪明。

时间状语从句：as的用法
一. 某事一发生，另一事立即发生
As the sun rose the frog dispersed.
太阳一出来雾就消散。

二. 在某事发生的过程中另一事发生
I heard the murmur of their voices as I crossed the hall.
我走过大厅的时候听到他们在嘀咕什么。

（两个动作都是一般时态）
Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion.
正当他在说话的时候，一声巨响。

（从句用进行时态）
三. 两个动作同时发生
He smiled as he passed. 他路过的时候笑了一下。

（两个都是短暂动作）
He saw that she was smiling as she read. 他看到她一边看着书一边笑。

（两个都是延续性动作）We get wiser as we get older.
我们随着年龄的增长而变得聪明起来。

（随着时间的变化而变化）
when，while，as引导时间状语从句的区别
一、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。

①Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？
②Sorry，I was out when you called me．（call为短暂性动词）对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。

③Strike while the iron is hot．（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。

④The students took notes as they listened．（listen为延续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。

二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。

1．从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用when。

①When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。

②When I got to the airport，the guests had left．（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。

2．从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。

①When ／While ／As we were dancing，a stranger came in．（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。

②When ／While ／As she was making a phonecall，I was writing a letter．（make为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信。

3．当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用as。

这时，as常表示“随着……”；“一边……，一边……”之意。

①As the time went on，the weather got worse．（as表示“随着……”之意）
②The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases．随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。

③As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer．随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。

④The little girls sang as they went．小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。

⑤The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting as she was crying．伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。

4．在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。

①You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it．在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。

②When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this．下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。

三、when用于表示“一……就……”的句型中（指过去的事情）。

sb．had hardly（＝scarcely）done sth．when．．．＝Hardly ／Scarcely had sb．done sth．when．．．①I had hardly ／scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door．＝Hardly ／Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door．我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。

②I had hardly ／scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang．＝Hardly ／Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang．我刚一走进房门，电话就响了。

③be about to do…… when… was doing sth when… had donesth… when…。