2018考研英语：真题中常见熟词僻义大盘点【三】

【导语】有些单词的考察不是我们常见的⼀次，⽽是⼀些⽐较⽣僻的意义，在真题中，出现不少此类词汇，这就需要⼤家在复习单词时要注意对不⽤词义的把握和理解。

以下是⽆忧考为⼤家整理的《2018考研英语：真题中常见熟词僻义⼤盘点【三】》供您查阅。

21Crack n.①裂纹，缝隙;②破裂声;v.①(使)开裂;②解决;③(get ～ing)开始
【真题例句】 As the dome grows, it develops deep fissures (cracks) (n.①); in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean.[1998年阅读5]
【例句精译】随着这个圆顶的增⼤，板块出现深深的裂缝。

⾄少有⼏次，⼤?可能会沿着其中的⼀些裂缝完全裂开，因此这个热点就引发了⼀个新的海洋的形成。

【真题例句】 Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked (v.①) rearview rror and a faulty steering wheel.[1997年阅读5]
【例句精译】因此，才会有⼈将货币政策的指导作⽤⽐作是驾驶⼀辆带有⿊⾊挡风玻璃、破碎的后视镜及⽅向盘失灵的破汽车。

【真题例句】 So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking (v.③) about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.[2005年新题型]
【例句精译】所以，当官员们聚集在尼亚加拉瀑布城像往常⼀样不停的抱怨时，他们也应该在⾃⼰的权限范Χ内开始做些有利于他们的预算和病⼈的事情。

22craft n.①⼯艺，⼿艺，技巧;②飞机，飞船;③⾏业;v.精⼯制作
【真题例句】 The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft (n.①) information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments.[1994年翻译]
【例句精译】推崇技术的现代学派认为，像伽利略、⽜顿、麦克斯Τ、爱因斯坦这样的⼤师以及像爱迪⽣这样的发明家都⾮常重视科学实验中使⽤的不同技术信息和技术设施，并从中受益颇深。

【真题例句】 The irony of the historian’ s craft (n.③) is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process .[1999年翻译]
【例句精译】具有讽刺意ζ的是，在历史学领域，历史学家都知道，他们所做的努⼒只不过是为⼀个永⽆⽌境的研究过程做⼀些贡献罢了。

23deliver v.①交付，递送;②发表，表达，陈述;③释放;④接⽣
【真题例句】 Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver (①) a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers’ computer monitors.[1999年阅读2]
【例句精译】最突出的例⼦是“定向投影”络公司，该公司使⽤⼀种屏保系统，将⼤量最新的信息和⼴告不断地传送到⽤户的计算机显⽰器上。

【真题例句】 Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver (②) in a relaxed and unforced manner.[2002年阅读1]
【例句精译】 (练习幽默)包括⼀些很随便的、看上去是即兴的话，你可以⽤轻松的、不做作的⽅式把它们说出来。

24digest v.消化;n.摘要，⽂摘
【真题例句】 70. This passage appears to be a digest (n.) of _____.[1996年阅读5]
[A] a book review
【例句精译】 70、本⽂似乎是_____的摘要。

[A] ⼀个书评
25discipline n.①纪律;②学科;③训练，训导;④惩罚，处罚;vt.①训练，训导;②惩罚，约束
【真题例句】 (72) Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline (n.②) and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.[1999年翻译]
【例句精译】 (72) ⼈们之所以关注历史研究的⽅法论，主要是因为史学界内部意见不⼀，其次是因为外界并不认为历史是⼀门学问。

【真题例句】 As a member of a British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, “With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline (n.③), the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman.”[1996年阅读4] 【例句精译】正如1853年访美的⼀个英国访问团成员所报道的那样，“由于有了学校彻底训练过的头脑，美国孩⼦迅速地成为技术熟练的⼯⼈。

”
【真题例句】 The cruel discipline (n.④) of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other’s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.[1996年阅读3]
【例句精译】罢⼯和封⼚的⽆情惩罚使双⽅学会了互相尊重对⽅的⼒量，理解公正谈判的价值。

26dismiss v.①免职，解雇，开除，解散;②.不理会，不考虑
【真题例句】 He dismisses (②) a lot of the work of reengineering consultants as mere rubbish —“the worst sort of
ambulance-chasing.”[1998年阅读2]
【例句精译】他对重组顾问们所作的⼤量⼯作不屑⼀顾，然为那些完全是垃圾——“典型的劳⽽⽆获”。

27dock n.船坞，码头;v.⼊坞，停靠码头
【真题例句】 He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m , then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m.[2006年新题型]
【例句精译】有时他⼀次玩两个机器，整夜的玩，直到早上5点关门，然后娱乐场早上9点开门时再回去。

28Doctor n.①博⼠;②医⽣;v.α造，篡改
【真题例句】 “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St.Peter. “Oh, that’s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor (n.②).”[2002年阅读1]
【例句精译】 “这是谁啊?”新来的⼈问圣彼得。

“哦，那是上帝，”他回答说，“但有时也认为⾃⼰是⼀名医⽣。

” 【真题例句】 Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine duties--- he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor (v.) his reports. [2006年翻译]
【例句精译】像其他⼈类⼀样，普通科学家甚⾄在?天⽇常的⼯作中都遭遇到了道义上的问题——他不应该α造他的实验、制造证据或改动他的报告。

29 Document n.公⽂，⽂献;vt.记载，证明
【真题例句】 Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents (vt.) is unmistakable.[2005年阅读4]
【例句精译】麦克沃特先⽣从上层和下层⽂化中列举了⼀系列有趣的例⼦，从中我们可以看出他所记?的这种趋势不可避免。

30 draft n.草稿，草案，草图;v.起草，草拟
【真题例句】 That group — the National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC) — has been working feverishly to put its wisdom on paper, and at a meeting on 17 May, members agreed on a near-final draft (n.) of their recommendations.[1999年阅读4]
【例句精译】这个名为“全国⽣物伦理道德顾问委员会”(NBAC)的⼩组⼀直在⾮常积极的⼯作，集思⼴益，并正在将其意见写成报告;在5⽉17⽇的⼀次会议上，委员们就⼏乎定稿的建议书取得了⼀致意见。

【真题例句】 “Important information can get buried in a sea of trivialities,” says a law professor at Cornell Law School who helped draft (v.) the new guidelines.[1999年阅读1]
【例句精译】康奈尔⼤学法学院⼀λ参与起草新纲要的教授说，“重要的信息会淹?在细枝末节的汪洋⼤海之中”。