高中英语Unit4Wildlifeprotectionpart1Warming检测含解析新人教版必修

Part 1 Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading & Comprehending
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The US recorded a sharp (减少) in foreign direct investment of 49 percent, while the European Union suffered a 71 percent drop.
2.More and more students want to (搜寻)for a job in the city after graduation.
3.It is (确定)that 5G technology will deeply transform our lives and our society.
4.Students should learn to (克制) their feelings when getting along with others.
5.Changes in farming methods have badly (影响) employment in the area.
6.More than 3,000 local workers are (雇用) in the tourism industry.
7.I would a it if you could clean the carpet and rub the table.
Ⅱ.选词填空
1.As we all know, many endangered species their natural enemies in this reserve.
2.Not until we succeed in letting wildlife live can we smile in relief.
3.These are the problems that controllers of free tax zones and business
circles .
4.Therefore, “haha point” refers to the certain threshold (临界点) where you can be amused and .
5.The wild koalas are nearly .
6.When she was told the insect biting her was not poisonous, she
smiled .
7.Lots of animals are disappearing from the earth with people hunting them more and more often.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The trees form a natural (protect)against the sun's rays.
2.The (lose) of some endangered animals will destroy the balance of nature.
3.To our (relive), these endangered species are under the protection of the local government.
4.China has been attaching high (important) to developing the seed industry to ensure food security.
5.A vaccine is a (power)weapon against the pandemic.
6.To our joy, Chang'e 5 returned to the earth with lunar soil (successful).
7.The heavy schoolwork burden is (harm)to teenagers' health.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Daisy had always longed to help endangered species of wildlife. One day she woke up and found a 1 (fly)carpet. She asked it to take her to a 2 (distance)land where she could find the animal that gave fur to make her sweater. At once the carpet flew away and took her to Tibet 3 Daisy saw an antelope looking sad. The antelope told her that they were being killed for the wool and that as 4 result, they were an endangered species.
Then the carpet took Daisy to Zimbabwe where Daisy found that she 5 (watch)by an elephant. The elephant told Daisy that farmers used to hunt them 6 mercy, but afterwards the government took some measures 7 (save)the wildlife. The carpet rose again and almost at once they were in a thick rainforest. She was amazed to find a monkey protecting 8 (it)from mosquitoes by rubbing a millipede insect over its body. The insect contains a 9 (power)drug which affects mosquitoes.
When Daisy woke 10 , everything disappeared, but Daisy learned a lot. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021河南名校联盟高一上期中,)
New research suggests that human beings may have been partly responsible for the disappearance of cave bears thousands of years ago, when the plant-loving animals lived. Some experts believed that the cooling climate during the Ice Age was to blame for their extinction.
Scientists reported last week they had studied genetic data from 59 cave bears. Their bones were recovered from seven countries: France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Serbia, Spain and Switzerland. From the genetic information, the scientists noted a decrease in the cave bear population beginning about 50,000 years ago. That is around the time of the arrival of Homo sapiens (现代人), or modern humans, in Eastern Europe. The researchers said they observed a sharp drop in the bears' numbers about 40,000 years ago. That coincides with(与……同时发生) the spread of Homo sapiens throughout Europe.
The animals disappeared about 20,000 years ago. The cave bear lived in the Ice Age at the same time as other now extinct creatures. The bear was as big as a modern polar bear, but ate only plants. It appears often in prehistoric(史前的) cave paintings.
There has been a scientific debate about what led to the extinction of the cave bear. Some scientists believe that the climate change greatly reduced the plants they needed, while others have blamed it on human activities, including hunting and taking over the caves where the bears gave birth and slept during winter. The bear's population remained largely unchanged for long periods before climate cooling, including during two noticeably cold periods and other cooling events.
Homo sapiens appeared in Africa more than 300,000 years ago and later moved to other areas. The study offered new evidence that the arrival of Homo sapiens led to ruin for many kinds of animals across Eurasia, the Americas and Australia.
1.How did scientists research on cave bears?
A.By studying the bones found in some countries.
B.By observing the paintings on the cave walls.
C.By being told from generation to generation.
D.By do research on the polar bears.
2.When did the cave bear die out?
A.About 50,000 years ago.
B.About 40,000 years ago.
C.About 20,000 years ago.
D.More than 300,000 years ago.
3.What can we learn according to the fourth paragraph?
A.Sudden change in climate made cave bears die out.
B.Cave bears couldn't adapt to the cold environment as quickly as possible.
C.The loss of cave bears' habitats caused damage to their existence.
D.Cold periods were very common thousands of years ago.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A.Humans Are Perhaps Partly to Blame for Cave Bears' Disappearance
B.Homo Sapiens Hunting Kinds of Animals across Eurasia
C.A Debate about Why Cave Bears Suddenly Disappeared
D.Scientists Studied Bones Discovered in Seven Countries
B
(2021河北邢台高一上期中,)
It is widely believed that biodiversity (生物多样性) is promoted to save species. But in reality species exist only as part of ecosystems and cannot survive unless their ecosystems are protected along with the diversity they contain as much as possible.
Protecting habitats is important for keeping biodiversity. In 2003, over 102,000 habitats covering nearly 19 million square kilometres, or 11.5% of the
world's land surface,were under some form of protection. Though this has been a great improvement since 1962, when just l,000 protected habitats were listed, it is still not considered enough to stop the ecocide that is endangering the world's biodiversity.
For a number of environmentalists, protecting the world's 25 biodiversity hotspots(热点地区) is critical to saving habitats and species. But many hotspots are endangered already, having lost up to three-quarters of their original plants.
The poor state of most biodiversity hotspots results directly from population growth and migration(迁移) into these areas. A study found that by the mid-1990s around 1.1 billion people had lived in these hotspots. Moreover, the annual population growth rate in these areas was 1.8%, higher than the global average of 1.4%. The PAI report concluded that human-related environmental changes would continue to put pressure on hotspots. Therefore, keeping biodiversity requires paying close attention to population size.
Protecting hotspots is not simply a matter of putting up fences or employing guards. The best results will be achieved when local people are educated about the value of wildlife, and actually gain a share of the benefits from eco-tourism. Only then do they have a chance to see the benefits of protecting hotspots.
5.What can we infer from Paragraph 1?
A.The loss of any species can affect humans.
B.Endangered species are paid more attention to by humans.
C.Species can still survive when their ecosystems are destroyed.
D.Ecosystem protection is as important as diversity protection.
6.What does the underlined word “ecocide” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Ecosystem protection.
B.Reduction in the number of species.
C.Serious damage to habitats.
D.Habitat protection.
7.What's the direct cause of the terrible state of the hotspots?
A.Population growth in hotspots.
B.Migration out of these areas.
C.Global warming.
D.The global average population growth rate.
8.What's the author's opinion on protecting the hotspots?
A.It's simple to carry out.
B.It leads to the increase in tourists.
C.It's closely connected with local people.
D.It suggests that the local people be well educated.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020山东德州高一上期末,)
China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years. 1 Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.
In recent decades,a series of wildlife-protection movements has been carried out by the central government. 2 The giant panda and the crested ibis(朱鹮) are among these successful stories.
The giant panda used to have a population of 1,114 in the 1970s. It now totals 1,864 thanks to 52 protection areas. 3 By the end of last year, seven of the nine released pandas had survived in the wild. 4 In 1981,only seven crested ibises were found in Yang County,Shaanxi Province.Since then,breeding programs have helped the population reach 2,000. China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years to help with the species' survival.
5 Key projects will be continually carried out to improve
protection,including making the lists of wild animals and plants under State protection,and also fighting against illegal wildlife trade, which includes the ivory(象牙)trade.
A.Another species was once thought to be extinct.
B.Protecting wildlife is, without doubt, an important part.
C.China will continue its efforts in the wildlife protection.
D.People call for immediate protection of the remaining species.
E.Scientists have worked to feed pandas and then release them into the wild.
F.As environmental damage has increased, signs of change have appeared around the world.
G.Several species in danger of extinction have made impressive progress thanks to the methods.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案全解全析
Part 1 Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading &
Comprehending
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.decrease 2.hunt 3.certain 4.contain 5.affected
6.employed
7.appreciate
Ⅱ.1.are being protected from 2.in peace 3.pay close attention to 4.burst into laughter 5.dying out 6.in relief 7.in danger of
Ⅲ.1.protection考查名词。

句意:树木起天然的保护作用,遮挡了太阳的光线。

根据a可知此处应用名词,故填protection。

2.loss 考查名词。

句意:损失一些濒危动物将会破坏自然的平衡。

根据句意以及The可知此处应填名词,lose是动词,其名词形式为loss。

3.relief 考查名词。

句意:让我们感到宽慰的是,这些濒危的物种处于当地政府的保护之下。

to one's relief 令某人宽慰的是。

故此处填relief。

4.importance 考查名词。

句意:中国一直高度重视发展种子产业,以确保粮食安全。

attach importance to重视,是固定结构。

故填importance。

5.powerful 考查形容词。

句意:疫苗是抵御疫情的有效的武器。

修饰名词weapon,应用形容词,故填powerful。

6.successfully 考查副词。

句意:令我们高兴的是,嫦娥五号携带月球土壤成功地返回了地球。

修饰returned,应用副词。

7.harmful 考查形容词。

句意:繁重的学业负担对青少年的健康有害。

系动词is后应用形容词harmful作表语。

Ⅳ.1.flying考查形容词。

flying意为“能飞的”。

2.distant 考查形容词。

设空处作定语修饰land,故用形容词distant,意为“遥远的”。

3.where 考查定语从句。

设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词Tibet,并在从句中作地点状语,故填where。

4.a 考查固定短语。

as a result意为“结果是”。

5.was being watched 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。

宾语从句的主语为she,与watch为被动关系且此处表示过去正在进行的动作,故填was being watched。

6.without 考查介词。

without mercy意为“毫无同情心地”。

7.to save 考查固定搭配。

take measures to do sth.意为“采取措施做某事”。

8.itself 考查反身代词。

protecting的宾语与其逻辑主语均为a monkey,故用itself。

9.powerful 考查形容词。

作定语修饰drug,故用形容词powerful。

10.up 考查副词。

wake up意为“醒来”。

能力提升练
Ⅰ.A
◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。

新的研究表明,人类可能对数千年前穴居熊的消失负有部分责任。

文章介绍了这项研究过程中的发现以及人们对这种动物消失的猜测,有的科学家认为是诸如人类大量捕杀穴居熊或占领它们的生存之地这样的活动导致该物种的灭绝。

1.A 细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“Scientists reported last week they had studied genetic data from 59 cave bears. Their bones were recovered from seven countries(科学家上周报告说,他们研究了59只穴居熊的基因数据。

它们的骨头是从七个国家寻得的)”可知,科学家们是通过来自七个国家的穴居熊的骨头来对其进行研究的,故选A。

B.通过观察洞穴墙壁的绘画;C.通过一代代的转述;D.通过对北极熊的研究。

2.C 细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“The animals disappeared about 20,000 years ago.(这种动物大约在两万年前就灭绝了)”可知,穴居熊于大约两万年前灭绝。

故选C。

3.C 细节理解题。

根据第四段内容可知一些科学家认为,气候变化极大地减少了穴居熊需要的植物的量,而另一些科学家则将其归咎于人类活动,包括捕猎和占领穴居熊在冬天产仔和睡觉的洞穴,人类大量捕杀穴居熊和占领它们的生存之地,对该物种的生存带来了危害,故选C。

A.“气候的急剧变化使穴居熊灭绝”只是部分科学家的观点;B.“穴居熊不能尽可能快地适应寒冷的环境”,文中提到穴居熊的灭绝可能与气候变化有关,但“尽快适应环境”文中并未提及,D.“几千年前寒冷时期很常见”,文中提到了寒冷时期,但“常见”是无法推断的。

4.A 主旨大意题。

根据第一段中“New research suggests that human beings may have been partly responsible for the disappearance of cave bears thousands of years ago, when the plant-loving animals lived.(新的研究表明,人类可能对数千年前穴居熊的消失负有部分责任,数千年前这种热爱植物的动物还存活着)”并结合文章其他内容可知,早期人类大
量捕杀穴居熊以及占领它们的生存之地,导致该物种的灭绝。

A选项“人类可能要对穴居熊的消失负有部分责任”最适合作文章标题。

故选A。

B.现代人猎杀欧亚大陆的各种各样的动物;C.一场关于穴居熊为什么突然消失的争论;D.科学家们研究了在七个国家发现的骨头。

【高频词汇】 1.be responsible for对……负有责任 2.be to blame for 对……负有责任 3.genetic adj.基因的 4.debate v.&n.争论;辩论 5.give birth (to)产仔;生孩子 6.noticeably adv.显著地
长难句分析
原句Some scientists believe that the climate change greatly reduced the plants they needed, while others have blamed it on human activities, including hunting and taking over the caves where the bears gave birth and slept during winter.
分析本句是一个并列复合句。

并列连词while连接两个并列分句。

前面的分句中含有that 引导的宾语从句;后面的分句中含有where引导的定语从句。

句意一些科学家认为,气候变化大大减少了它们所需要的植物,而另一些科学家则把责任归咎于人类活动,包括打猎和占据熊在冬天产仔和睡觉的洞穴。

B
◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了保护世界生物多样性,不仅要注重保护生物栖息地,也要关注热点地区的保护。

5.D 推理判断题。

根据第一段第二句“But in reality species exist only as part of ecosystems and cannot survive unless their ecosystems are protected along with the diversity they contain as much as possible.”可知,事实上,物种仅作为生态系统的一部分而存在,除非它们的生态系统以及它们所包含的多样性尽可能多地得到保护,否则它们无法生存。

由此可判断,生态系统保护与多样性保护同样重要。

故选D。

A项“任何物种的消失都会影响到人类”,第一段未提及;B项“濒危物种越来越受到人类的重视”,第一段未提及;C项“当生态系统遭到破坏时,物种仍然可以生存”与第一段信息相矛盾。

6.C 词义猜测题。

根据“Tho ugh this has been a great improvement since 1962, when just 1,000 protected habitats were listed”和“that is endangering the world's biodiversity”可知,虽然受保护的栖息地增加,但仍然不足以阻止危及世界生物多样性的对栖息地的严重破坏。

所以画线词ecocide 意为“对栖息地的严重破坏”。

故选C。

A项“生态系统保护”;B项“物种数量减少”;D项“栖息地保护”。

7.A 细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句“The poor state of most biodiversity hotspots results directly from population growth and migration(迁移) into these areas.”可知,造成生物多样性热点地区糟糕状况的直接原因是人口增长和人口的迁入。

故选A。

B
项“迁出这些地区”;C项“全球变暖”;D项“全球平均人口增长率”。

注意B项为易错选项,直接原因是人口的迁入而不是迁出。

8.C 推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后两句可知,当地人了解到野生动植物的价值,并真正从生态旅游中获益后,才会取得最好的效果。

只有那时,他们才有机会看到保护热点地区的好处。

由此可知,作者的观点是保护热点地区应该与当地人密切联系起来。

故选C。

A项“它实施起来很简单”,由最后一段第一句可知A项错误;B项“它导致游客的增加”,文中未提及;D项“建议当地人接受良好的教育”与原文表述不符,文中只是说要教育当地人了解野
生动植物的价值。

【高频词汇】 1.in reality实际上;事实上 2.survive v.生存
3.diversity n.多样性
4.critical adj.至关重要的
5.original adj.原来的,起初的;首创的
6.result from由……造成
7.put pressure on 给……施加压力
8.employ v.雇用
长难句分析
原句Though this has been a great improvement since 1962, when just l,000 protected habitats were listed, it is still not considered enough to stop the ecocide that is endangering the world's biodiversity.
分析本句是主从复合句。

句中连词Though引导让步状语从句,该让步状语从句中又含有when引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词1962;在与Though引导的让步状语从句对应的主句中,关系代词that引导定语从句,修饰先行词ecocide。

句意尽管这是自1962年以来的一个巨大的进步,当时只有1,000个受保护的栖息地被列入名单,但人们认为这仍然不足以阻止正在危害世界生物多样性的对栖息地的严重破坏。

Ⅱ.◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了在过去的70年里,中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步,其中保护野生动物无疑是重要的一个环节。

1.B 根据上句“China has made great improvements in environmental protection during the past 70 years.”可知,在过去的70年里,中国在环境保护方面取得了很大的进步。

根据下句“Each species on Earth has a role to play in the ecosystem.”可知,
地球上的每一个物种都在生态系统中发挥着一定的作用,所以保护野生动物无疑是重要的一部分。

故选B。

2.G 根据上句“In recent decades, a series of wildlife-protection movements has been carried out by the central government.”可知,近几十年来,中央政府开展了一系列的野生动物保护运动,所以对一些濒临灭绝的物种的保护由于这些措施而取得了令人瞩目的进展。

故选G。

3.E 根据下句“By the end of last year, seven of the nine released pandas had survived in the wild.”可知,到去年年底,放归的9只大熊猫中有7只在野外存活下来,所以科学家们致力于喂养大熊猫,然后将它们放归野外。

故选E。

4.A 根据下文“In 1981, only seven crested ibises were found in Yang County, Shaanxi Province...China has even sent crested ibises to Japan and South Korea in recent years to help with the species' survival.”可知,1981年,在陕西省的洋县,只发现七只朱鹮。

近年来,中国甚至将朱鹮送往日本和韩国,以帮助该物种的生存,所以另一个物种(朱鹮)曾经被认为已经灭绝。

故选A。

5.C 根据下句“Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection, including making the lists of wild animals and plants under State protection, and also fighting against illegal wildlife trade, which includes the ivory(象
牙)trade.”可知,中国将继续实施重点工程以提高保护力度,包括制定国家保护下的野生动植物名录,还有与包括象牙交易在内的非法野生生物交易作斗争,所以中国将继续努力保护野生生物。

故选C。

【高频词汇】 1.make great improvements取得重大进步
2.carry out实施;执行
ed to曾经,过去常常
4.population n.(统称)某领域的生物;族群;人口
5.by the end of到……结束时;在……之前
6.release v.释放;免除;公布
7.impressive adj.令人赞叹的;令人敬佩的
长难句分析
原句Key projects will be continually carried out to improve protection,including making the lists of wild animals and plants under State protection,and also fighting against illegal wildlife trade, which includes the ivory(象牙) trade.
分析该句为主从复合句。

including making...ivory trade为介词短语作定语,其中making...和fighting...为两个并列的动名词短语,均作including的宾语,which includes the ivory trade为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词illegal wildlife trade。

句意(中国)将继续实施重点工程以提高保护(力度),包括制定国家保护下的野生动植物名录,还有与包括象牙交易在内的非法野生生物交易作斗争。