考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文r

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考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文1. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved ; the limbic system (the 〃emotional brain " ) is especially active , while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning ) is relatively quiet. 〃 We wake up from dreams happy and depressed , and those feelings can stay with us all day.” says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.
结构:
•But not all parts of the brain [主]are equally involved [谓(被)];the limbic system ( the 〃 emotional brain ")[主[is [系]especially active [表],
•while the prefrontal cortex ( the center of intellect and
reasoning )[主[is [系]relatively quiet [表].
•〃 We [主]wake up [谓]from dreams happy and depressed [状],and those feelings [主]can stay with [谓]us all day
[宾].〃says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William
DementThose suffering from persistent nightmares [谓]
should seek [谓]help from a therapist [谓].
•For the rest of us z the brain [谓]has [谓]its ways of working through bad feelings .
•Sleep寸亩入语:or rather dream
•on it and you' II feel better in the morning词组:
At the end最后最终Pay attention to 关注
Keep from组织抑制Wake up醒来唤醒
Suffer from忍受遭受受.之苦The rest of剩余的其余的
Work through解决完成Sleep on继续睡忽略
解析:
unless引导条件状语从句两个破折号之间是插入语
天结束之后,我们可能完全没有理由去关注我们梦,除非它让我们失眠,或直译:
者"让我们从痛苦中醒来"C说。

恐怖主义,经济的不确定性,通常的不安全感增加了人们的焦虑。

那些持续遭受噩梦的人应该寻求精神病医生的帮助。

余下的我们,大脑有它自己解决坏情绪的方式。

带着它睡觉——或者做梦——第二天早上你就会感觉好很多译文:最后,可能很少有什么理由使我们在意自己的梦,除非那些梦是我们无法睡眠,或者〃我们在恐慌中惊喜",卡特莱特说。

恐怖主义, 经济上的不确定性以及通常的不安全感加重了人们的焦虑。

那些持续遭受噩梦折磨的人应当寻求治疗专家的帮助。

对于其余的人来说,大脑有它自己化解不良情绪的方法。

放心的睡觉——或者尽管去做梦——早上醒来时,你就会感觉
好一些重点: •At the end最后最终
•Pay attention to 关注
•Keep from组织抑制
•Wake up醒来唤醒
•Suffer from忍受遭受受…之苦
•The rest of剩余的其余的
•Work through解决完成
•Sleep on继续睡忽略
•unless引导条件状语从句
•两个破折号之间是插入语Of all the components of a good night' s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams , a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak .
结构:
•Of all the components of a good night' s sleep ,
•In dreams , a window [主]opens [谓]into a world [宾]where logic [主]is suspended £胃(被)]and dead people [主]speak [ii]
单词:
Component n.组成部分成分Suspend vt.暂停使停职悬挂
词组:
Seem to似乎解析:
Where引导定语从句,修饰a world直译:在良好睡眠的所有组成部分中,梦似乎不在我们的控制之内。

在梦里,打开了通往某个世界的一扇窗户,在这个世界中,逻辑是没有了 ,
死去的人能够开口说话了译文:在睡一夜好觉的所有因素中,梦似乎是最不好控制的因素。

在梦境中,一扇窗户开启,由此进入这样一个世界:在那里,逻辑被置之不理,死者开口说话重点:
•Where引导定语从句,修饰a worldA century ago , Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears ; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “ mental noise ”the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on
during sleep.
结构:
• A century ago , Freud [主]formulated 胃]his revolutionary theory同位语从句:that dreams [主]were [系]the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears [表];
•by the late 1970s , neurologists [主]had switched to [谓]thinking of them as just " mental noise "[宾]the random
byproducts of the neural-repair work
•定语从句:that [主]goes on [谓]during sleep单词:Formulate vt.构想出Format n.格式版本vt.使格式化
Disguise n伪装乔装掩饰Byproduct n.副产品
词组:
Think of想起考虑想象关心Go on继续
解析:
.that引导同位语从句,补充说明theory单个破折号表示解释说明
That goes on 是定语从句,修饰neural-repair work , that 作主语直译:一个世纪之前,弗洛伊德构想出他革命性的理论,梦是我们被掩盖的潜意识中欲望和恐惧的影子;到了 20世纪70年
代末,神经学家转变了思维,认为梦只是"精神噪音"一在睡觉的时候,持续的神经修复作业而随机产生的副产品译文:一个世纪以前,弗洛伊迪阐述了这样一个革命性的理论:梦是我们潜意识中的欲望和恐惧经伪装后的阴影;到20世纪70年代末期,神经学家改变了想法,开始认为梦不过是〃精神噪音”——睡眠期间进行的神经修复活动产生的随机副产品
重点:
•that引导同位语从句,补充说明theory
•单个破折号表示解释说明That goes on 是定语从句,修饰neural-repair work , that 作主语
3. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind,s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is " off-line " . And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can benot only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control to help us sleep and feel better .
结构:
•Now researchers [主]suspect [谓]宾语从句:that dreams [主]are [系]part of the mind7 s emotional thermostat [表],regulating moods while the brain is " off-line "[状].
•And one leading authority [主]says [谓]宾语从句:that these intensely powerful mental events [主]can be [谓]not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control [宾]to help us sleep and feel better [状]
单词:
thermostat n.恒温调节器Intensely ad.强烈地紧张地热情地
Intensive a.集中的集约的Harness vt利用n.背带安全带
词组:
Be part of…的一部分Off-line 下线
Not only ... but...不但…而且…解析:两个that均引导宾语从句,一个作suspect的宾语,一
个作says的宾语在第二个宾语从句中,有一个并列结构not only ... but...
直译:如今,研究者怀疑梦是大脑情绪调节器的一部分,当大脑在睡眠的〃下线〃状态时来调节情绪。

一个头部权威说,这些强烈、有力量的精神活动不但可以被利用,实际上,而且还可以用意识进行控制,以便帮我们睡得更好,感觉更舒适译文:现在,研究人员怀疑梦是大脑情感调节装置的一部分,在大脑处于“脱机〃时,调节情绪。

一位著名的权威人士说,这些强有力的精神活动不仅可以被驾驭,事实上,
还可以有意识的加以控制,以帮助我们睡的更好,感觉更舒服解析:两个that均引导宾语从句,一个作suspect的宾语,一
个作says的宾语在第二个宾语从句中,有一个并列结构not only ... but...
4. "It' s your dream f “ says Rosalind Cartwright f chair of psychology atChicago' s Medical Center . "If you don' t like it f change it ."Evidence from brain imaging supports this view .
结构:
"It' s your dream , " says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of
psychology at Chicago' s Medical Center.
If you don , t like it, change it.
Evidence from brain imaging [主]supports [谓]this view
喜欢它,那么就改变它"。

来自大脑影像的证据支持了这个观点 译文:"这是你的梦"芝加哥医学中心的心理学主任罗莎琳德卡特莱特 说,"梦是你自己的,如果你不喜欢它,那么就改变它〃。

来自大脑彩 像的证据支持了这种观点 5. The brain is as active during REM ( rapid eye movement ) sleep when most
vivid dreams occuras it is when fully awake f says Dr. Eric
Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh .
结构:
The brain [主]is [系]as active during REM ( rapid eye
movement) sleepSAinwhen most vivid dreams occur
• as it is when fully awake [表],says Dr. Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh
单词:
Rapid a.快速的Vivid a.生动的
“这是你的梦〃芝加哥医疗中心心理学主任RC 说,
“这是你的梦〃芝加哥医疗中心心理学主任RC 说, “如果你不
解析:
•As ... as ...结构作is的表语,和…一样正如两个破折号之间是插入语,截断了 as结构
当最生动的
直译:大脑是非常活跃的,在REM(快速眼动)睡眠时期梦出现
的时候——就和我们完全清醒时是一样的,P大学的EN博士说。

译文:匹兹堡大学的埃里克诺夫辛格博士说,在REM睡眠时期——此时会做大
多数生动的梦——大脑十分活跃,正如完全清醒时一样。

重点:
•As ... as ...结构作is的表语,和…一样正如。

.两个破折号之间是插入语,截断了as结构。

单词:
Limbic a.边缘的Prefrontal a.前额的
Cortex n.皮质树皮果皮词组:
Wake up醒来叫醒唤醒Stay with陪着呆在一起
直译:但是,不是大脑所有的部分都参与;边缘系统(情绪脑)是尤其活跃的,然而,前额皮层(才智和理性中心)是相对安静的。

"我们从梦中醒来时,或者是快乐或者是沮丧,这些情绪会伴随我们一整天〃斯坦福睡眠研究者WD博士说译文:但是,并非大脑的所有部分都一样活跃;边缘系统(情绪大脑)就异常活跃,然前额皮层(思维和推理的中心地带)则相对平静。

"无论我们从梦中醒来时,是高兴还是沮丧,那些情绪都会整日伴随着我们" 斯坦福大学的睡眠研究人员威廉德蒙特博士说The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright" s clinic . Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening f suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day.
结构:
•The link between dreams and emotions [主]shows up [谓]
among the patients in Cartwright' s clinic [状].
•Most people [主]seem to have [谓]more bad dreams early in
the night [宾],
•progressing toward happier ones before awakening ,
•suggesting
•宾语从句:that they [主]are working through [if] negative feelings [宾]generated during the day [定]词组:Between A and B A 和BShow up露面揭露出现显露
Seem to似乎好像看起来Work through完成解决干完
解析:
that引导宾语从句,作非谓语动词suggesting的宾语Generated非谓语动词作定语修饰negative feelings
直译:梦和情绪之间的关系在C诊所的病人之间展现出来了。

大部分的人好像在夜晚早期的时候更多的是不好的梦,之后在醒来之前,逐渐转化成快乐的梦,这表明他们正在解决白天产生负面的情绪译文:梦和情感之间的联系在卡特莱特诊所的患者中得到了体现。

在夜里早些时候,大多数人似乎会做更多的噩梦,在睡醒前逐渐转为较愉快的梦,这表示他们呢正在化解白天时产生消极的情绪重点: •Between A and B A 和B
•Show up露面揭露出现显露
•Seem to似乎好像看起来
•Work through完成解决干完
.that引导宾语从句,作非谓语动词suggesting的宾语
•Generated非谓语动词作定语修饰negative feelingsBecause our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don' t always
think about the emotional significance of the day' s events
until f it appears , we begin to dream . And this process need not be left to
the unconscious .
结构:
・Because our conscious mind [主]is occupied with [t胃(被)]daily life [宾]we [主]don' t always think about [ii] the emotional significance of the day' s events [宾]
.时间状语从句:until
・插入语:,it appears ,
・we [主]begin to [谓]dream [宾].
・And this process [主]need not be left [谓]to the
unconscious [状]单词:
Significance n.意义重要性词组:
Occupy with占据忙于从事Think about考虑思考思索
Be left to由…来决定解析:
・单个破折号表示补充说明
・until引导时间状语从句
・It appears是插入语,截断了引导词和句子直译:由于我们的意识思维忙于应对日常生活,所以,我们不会一直思考日常活动中情绪的意义,直到我们开始做梦时,它才出现。

这个过程不需要留给无意识译文:因为清醒时,我们的思维被日常生活所占据,所以我们并不总是考虑白天所发生时间对我们情绪的影响一直到我们开始做梦,这种影响才出现。

这个过程不一定是无意识的。

重点:
・Occupy with占据忙于从事
・Think about考虑思考思索
・Be Ie代to由…来决定
・单个破折号表示补充说明
・until引导时间状语从句
・It appears是插入语,截断了引导词和句子4. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams . As soon as you awaken , identify what is upsetting about the dream . Visualize how you would like it to end instead ; the next time it occurs f try to wake up just enough to control its course . With much practice people can learn to
f literally f do it in their sleep .
结构:
•Cartwright [i] believes [谓]
•宾语从句:one [主]can exercise [谓]conscious control over recurring bad dreams [宾].
•As soon as you awaken z identify
•宾语从句:what [主]is upsetting [谓]about the dream [宾].
•Visualize
•宾语从句:how you [主]would like [谓]it to end instead [宾];
•the next time it occurs z try to wake up just enough to
control its course.
•With much practice people [主]can learn [t胃]to
•插入语:,literally ,
•do it in their sleep [宾]单词:
Recurring a.重复发生的Visualize vt.想象
Literally ad.逐字的正确的Liberty n.自由许可
词组:
Control over控制支配征服As soon as 只要
Try to尝试尽力Enough to 足以直译:C认为,人能够通过练习控制反复发生的噩梦。

只要你能从梦中醒来,并识别出梦里让你沮丧的是什么。

想像你喜欢怎么样结束这个梦;下一次它再发生的时候,尽力地醒过来就足以控制它的进程。

经过很多练习的人能够在睡眠中,正确地这样做。

译文:卡特莱特认为,一个人可以经过练习,有意识控制反复出现的噩梦。

你一醒来就应该确定梦中有什么在困扰你,想象一下,你想要如何终止这个梦,当它下一
次出现的时候,你应该尽力醒来以便控制它的进程。

确切地说,经过大量的练习后,人们可以学会在梦中这样做重点:
Control over控制支配征服As soon as 只要
Try to尝试尽力Enough to 足以
5. At the end of the day, there7 s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “ we wake up in a panic , “ Cartwright says . Terrorism , economic uncertainties and general feeling of insecurity have increased people7 s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings . Sleeporrather dream on it and you" II feel better in the morning .
结构:
•At the end of the day ,There be 句型“there' s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all
•条件状语从句:unless they [主]keep [谓]us from sleeping [宾]
or 〃 we [主]wake up [谓]in a panic [状],〃 Cartwright says . •Terrorism , economic uncertainties and general feeling of insecurity [主]have increased [i胃]people7 s anxiety [宾].。

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