英语语法-冠词ppt
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English Grammar - Articles
目录
• Definition and classification of articles • The usage of the indefinite article a/an • The usage of the definite article the • Ellipsis of articles • Special usage of articles • Practice and consolidation
Indicates the person or thing mentioned earlier
The definite article "the" can be used to indicate a person or thing mentioned earlier in the conversation or text. For instance, "I saw the movie last night. The movie was great!" In this case, "the" is used to specify which movie the speaker saw and then goes on to describe it.
Used before ordinal and adjective superlatives
• The definite article "the" is often used before ordinal numbers (such as first, second, third) and adjective superlatives (such as the best, the worst) to create a more formal or official tone. For instance, "The first day of the new year was the best day of my life." Here, "the" is used before the ordinal number "first" and the adjective superlative "best" to give the sentence a more formal tone.
It can also be used with proper nouns, such as names of people or places, to indicate the specific person or place being referred to. For example, "My friend, the teacher, is coming over for dinner." Here, "the" is used with the proper noun "teacher" to specify which teacher is being invited.
03
The usage of the definite article the
Specifically referring to something
The definite article "the" is used when a specific person or thing is being referred to. For example, "I saw the movie last night." In this sentence, "the" is used to specify which movie the speaker saw.
Example
"I enjoy (the) music." (Here, "music" is an abstract noun, and the article "the" is omitted.)
Articles and Material Nouns
Summary
Material nouns represent substances or materials, and articles are often omitted when referring to them.
05
Special usage of articles
Article and adjective+noun structure
Summary
When an adjective modifies a noun, the article before the adjective can be omitted if the meaning is clear from the context.
Example: "I like the car" (specific) vs. "I like a car" (general)
Ellipsis of articles in fixed collocations
Articles are often omitted in fixed collocations, such as "in hospital" and "on holiday".
It can also be used when referring to a part of something, especially when the part is indefinite or unknown. For instance, "I had a slice of pizza for lunch."
01
Definition and classification of articles
Definition of Article
Articles are words that introduce a noun or a noun phrase, modifying it with respect to its definiteness or referring to it.
Using articles can change the meaning of a sentence. For example, "I like the book" means that the speaker likes the specific book, while "I like a book" means that the speaker likes books in general.
Classification of Articles
Indefinite articles: "a" and "an" Definite article: "the"
02
The usage of the indefinite article a/an
Refers to something in general
04
Ellipsis of articles
Zero Article
Zero article refers to the absence of articles when the context is clear or when the noun is modified by a possessive, a demonstrative, or a possessive pronoun.
The articles are "a" and "an" in the indefinite article category and "the" in the definite article category.
The indefinite articles indicate that the noun is not specified or identified, while the definite articles indicate that the noun is specified lso be used when referring to a general type of person or thing, rather than a specific example. For instance, "There was a man in the park."
Example: "I like coffee." (no article)
Example: "That's my book." (no article)
The situation where the meaning of using articles is different from not using articles
"A"/"An" is used to introduce a general idea or category, rather than a specific example. For example, "An animal is a living organism."
It can also be used to express a single instance of something, rather than referring to a specific object. For instance, "I saw a movie last night."
Represents quantity or measure
"A"/"An" can be used when referring to a quantity or measure of something, especially when the quantity or measure is indefinite or unknown. For example, "I need a cup of coffee."
Indicating type
"A"/"An" can be used to introduce a type or category of something, rather than referring to a specific example of that type. For example, "I like a good mystery novel."
Example: "He's in hospital" (correct) vs. "He's at the hospital" (incorrect)
Example: "We're on holiday" (correct) vs. "We're during the holiday" (incorrect)
Example
"The (big) car is parked outside." (Here, "big" modifies "car," and the article "the" is omitted.)
Articles and Abstract Nouns
Summary
Abstract nouns are those that represent ideas, qualities, or states rather than physical objects. Articles are often omitted when referring to abstract nouns.
It can also be used when referring to a specific group or category of people or things. For instance, "The cars in this dealership are all high-end models." Here, "the" is used to specify which cars are being talked about.
目录
• Definition and classification of articles • The usage of the indefinite article a/an • The usage of the definite article the • Ellipsis of articles • Special usage of articles • Practice and consolidation
Indicates the person or thing mentioned earlier
The definite article "the" can be used to indicate a person or thing mentioned earlier in the conversation or text. For instance, "I saw the movie last night. The movie was great!" In this case, "the" is used to specify which movie the speaker saw and then goes on to describe it.
Used before ordinal and adjective superlatives
• The definite article "the" is often used before ordinal numbers (such as first, second, third) and adjective superlatives (such as the best, the worst) to create a more formal or official tone. For instance, "The first day of the new year was the best day of my life." Here, "the" is used before the ordinal number "first" and the adjective superlative "best" to give the sentence a more formal tone.
It can also be used with proper nouns, such as names of people or places, to indicate the specific person or place being referred to. For example, "My friend, the teacher, is coming over for dinner." Here, "the" is used with the proper noun "teacher" to specify which teacher is being invited.
03
The usage of the definite article the
Specifically referring to something
The definite article "the" is used when a specific person or thing is being referred to. For example, "I saw the movie last night." In this sentence, "the" is used to specify which movie the speaker saw.
Example
"I enjoy (the) music." (Here, "music" is an abstract noun, and the article "the" is omitted.)
Articles and Material Nouns
Summary
Material nouns represent substances or materials, and articles are often omitted when referring to them.
05
Special usage of articles
Article and adjective+noun structure
Summary
When an adjective modifies a noun, the article before the adjective can be omitted if the meaning is clear from the context.
Example: "I like the car" (specific) vs. "I like a car" (general)
Ellipsis of articles in fixed collocations
Articles are often omitted in fixed collocations, such as "in hospital" and "on holiday".
It can also be used when referring to a part of something, especially when the part is indefinite or unknown. For instance, "I had a slice of pizza for lunch."
01
Definition and classification of articles
Definition of Article
Articles are words that introduce a noun or a noun phrase, modifying it with respect to its definiteness or referring to it.
Using articles can change the meaning of a sentence. For example, "I like the book" means that the speaker likes the specific book, while "I like a book" means that the speaker likes books in general.
Classification of Articles
Indefinite articles: "a" and "an" Definite article: "the"
02
The usage of the indefinite article a/an
Refers to something in general
04
Ellipsis of articles
Zero Article
Zero article refers to the absence of articles when the context is clear or when the noun is modified by a possessive, a demonstrative, or a possessive pronoun.
The articles are "a" and "an" in the indefinite article category and "the" in the definite article category.
The indefinite articles indicate that the noun is not specified or identified, while the definite articles indicate that the noun is specified lso be used when referring to a general type of person or thing, rather than a specific example. For instance, "There was a man in the park."
Example: "I like coffee." (no article)
Example: "That's my book." (no article)
The situation where the meaning of using articles is different from not using articles
"A"/"An" is used to introduce a general idea or category, rather than a specific example. For example, "An animal is a living organism."
It can also be used to express a single instance of something, rather than referring to a specific object. For instance, "I saw a movie last night."
Represents quantity or measure
"A"/"An" can be used when referring to a quantity or measure of something, especially when the quantity or measure is indefinite or unknown. For example, "I need a cup of coffee."
Indicating type
"A"/"An" can be used to introduce a type or category of something, rather than referring to a specific example of that type. For example, "I like a good mystery novel."
Example: "He's in hospital" (correct) vs. "He's at the hospital" (incorrect)
Example: "We're on holiday" (correct) vs. "We're during the holiday" (incorrect)
Example
"The (big) car is parked outside." (Here, "big" modifies "car," and the article "the" is omitted.)
Articles and Abstract Nouns
Summary
Abstract nouns are those that represent ideas, qualities, or states rather than physical objects. Articles are often omitted when referring to abstract nouns.
It can also be used when referring to a specific group or category of people or things. For instance, "The cars in this dealership are all high-end models." Here, "the" is used to specify which cars are being talked about.