【配套K12】备战2018年高考英语 必考话题分类解析 话题03 自然与灾害(Nature Disaster)(含解析)

话题03 自然与灾害
（Nature & Disaster）
【话题解读】
＂自然与环境＂是高中新课程标准话题之一，亦是高考英语常考话题。

本话题包括动人与自然的和谐相处，人在自然界的生存、植物保护、生态保护、自然灾害、等方面。

这些话题与学生的生活息息相关，联系密切。

通过对这些话题的学习以及高考英语对这些话题的考查，可以让学生多注意身边的人和事、关注自然环境、学会与大自然和谐相处。

＂自然与环境＂是高考英语热点话题，通常以阅读理解、完形填空和书面表达的形式考查。

例如：2017年新课标全国卷II阅读理解D篇。

Ⅰ.核心单词
1. _____________________ n.灾难
2. _____________________ vt.引起；导致n.原因；事业；目标
3. _____________________ n.家具
4. _____________________ vt.埋葬
5. _____________________ vi.发生
6. _____________________ vt. & n.（雷电、暴风雨等）袭击
7. _____________________ vt.毁坏
8. _____________________ adj.以前的
9. _____________________ n. & v.损失；损害
10. _____________________ vt.经历→_____________________ adj.有经验的
11. _____________________ adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→_____________________ n.暴力
12. _____________________ n.可能；可能性→_____________________ adj.可能的
→_____________________ adv. 可能地
13. _____________________ adj.吓人的；可怕的→_____________________ adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的
→_____________________ vt.使惊恐；使受惊吓
14. _____________________ adv.幸运地；幸亏→_____________________ adj.幸运的
→_____________________ n.运气
15. _____________________ adv.满怀希望地；有希望地→_____________________ adj.有希望的
→_____________________ n. & vt.希望，期望
16. _____________________ adv.伤心地；不幸地→_____________________ adj.悲伤的
→_____________________ n.悲伤
17. _____________________ n.警告→_____________________ vt.警告
18. _____________________ adj.积极的；活跃的→_____________________ n.活动
19. _____________________ n. 自然；性质；本性→_____________________ adj.自然的，天生的
20. _____________________ n.灾难；灾祸；不幸
Ⅱ. 重点短语
1. 卷起；掀起；拾起；搭载；偶然学会________________________________
2. 去掉；脱掉；起飞________________________________
3. 平均起来________________________________
4. 结果为……；以……结束________________________________
5. 总共；共计________________________________
6. 指的是；谈到；提到；涉及________________________________
7. 记下；放下；镇压________________________________
8. set fire to ________________________________
9. catch fire ________________________________
10. put out ________________________________
11. take place ________________________________
12. do damage to ________________________________
13. turn over ________________________________
14. in all ________________________________
（一）世界最危险火山随时爆发或造成灾难
Mount Nyiragongo is one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world — and scientists say
it is only a matter of time before it makes the city below a modern
day Pompeii.
尼拉贡戈火山是世界上最危险的火山之一，科学家表示，山脚下的城
镇重现庞培古城的悲剧只是时间的问题。

B ut they don’t know when since, located as it is in the war-torn
eastern edge of the democratic republic of Congo, the two mile high cauldron of lava is also one of the least well understood.
因位于战火纷飞的刚果共和国东部地区，科学家们对于这座高大的岩浆＂炉＂知之甚少，所以尚且不能预计这场灾难性浩劫将在何时发生。

At the base of Nyiragongo sprawls Goma, a city of an estimated one million people, numbers swelling by the day as villagers from the countryside seek refuge from rebel and government forces.
坐落于尼拉贡戈火山脚下的戈马城人口将近100万左右，由于众多灾民因不堪叛军与政府军的折磨而
逃亡于此，该地的人口数量也在迅速增加。

Twice in recent years Nyiragongo’s eruptions have hit the city, destroying homes and sending residents fleeing. but now, seismologists believe, the risk is not just near the city, but directly beneath it.
该火山最近两次的喷发已经对这座城市造成了沉重的打击，众多房屋被毁，居民流离失所。

但据地震学家称，对于戈马城的威胁不仅来自于附近的火山，就连地下也危机四伏。

For the past 20 years the region has suffered nearly constant warfare, including a spillover from the genocide in neighbouring Rwanda.
在近20年中，这一地区一直饱受战乱之苦，大量的逃亡人口从首都卢旺达逃难到此。

A fragile, often broken peace is maintained by 20,000 United Nations troops, one of the largest peace-keeping missions in the world.
由两万人的联合国维和部队所维护的这一地区的和平不堪一击，这也是世界上最艰巨的维和任务之一。

Italian seismologist Dario Tedesco has spent the last 15 years studying Nyiragongo, with funding from the European union.
获得欧盟资助的意大利地震学家达利奥·特德斯库在过去15年中一直在对尼拉贡戈火山进行研究。

He has struggled to focus the scientific community’s attention on volcano, and he says, there is no question it will erupt again.
他竭力地将学术界的注意力转移到这座火山上来，并称再次爆发是毫无疑问的。

＂Goma,＂he told National Geographic magazine,＂is the most dangerous city in the world.＂他对《国家地理》杂志说，＂戈马是世界上最危险的城市。

＂
History suggests he may be right. In 2002, 350,000 fled after the volcano shot more than 15 million cubic yards of lava into downtown Goma, destroying 14,000 homes and burying buildings to the top of the first floor.
历史也许能替他佐证，2002年的火山爆发致使1,500万立方码的火山灰降落到了市区，14，000幢房屋被毁，建筑物被完全掩埋。

（二）当地震发生时的你该如何应对？
● When walking outside行走在户外时
Take caution against falling objects, such as signs and broken windows. Tools and construction materials can fall down at a construction site. Protect your head with your bag or coat and keep
at a distance from tall buildings. Stone walls and pillars can also fall down and are potentially dangerous.
当心坠落的物体，例如广告牌和破碎的窗户。

建筑工具和材料有可能从建筑工地跌落。

用包或大衣保
护自己的头部，和高层建筑保持距离。

石墙和柱子也可能会倒塌，
从而带来安全隐患。

●When driving a car驾驶车辆时
Firmly hold the steering wheel, gradually reduce speed,
park your car on the side of the road, and stop the engine.
Listen to information on the radio and find out what is happening. If you need to evacuate, leave your keys, keep the doors unlocked, and walk away with your car documents and valuables.
握稳方向盘，逐渐减速，然后把车停到路边，关掉引擎。

收听广播信息，了解目前状况。

如果需要撤离，应将车钥匙留下，不锁车门，并随身携带好车辆证件和贵重物品。

● When underground or in a subway 在地下或乘地铁时
The shaking you feel when you are underground is about half of what you would experience over ground. Additionally, underground areas have strong structures and are safer than high-rise buildings. Calmly evacuate, following instructions from shop clerks and subway staff.
地下感受到的震动大约只有地上的一半。

另外，地下建筑通常比高层建筑更坚固、安全。

应按照店员和地铁工作人员的指示，沉着冷静地撤离。

● When in high-rise building在高层建筑时
Elevators with earthquake sensors will stop at the nearest floor. Immediately leave the elevator. If you get stuck in the elevator, use the intercom to contact someone outside and wait for rescue. When you evacuate from buildings, never use
elevators, listen to announcements, and use the stairs to
leave the building.
装有地震感应器的电梯会停靠在最近的楼层，此时应迅速地离
开电梯。

如果被困在电梯里，应用其通话装置和外部联系，然后等
待救援。

从楼房撤离时，不要使用电梯，而应听通告，使用楼梯离
开大楼。

● When near the ocean在海边时
Head for higher ground and carefully listen to tsunami information. Do not go near the ocean
until tsunami warnings have been cleared. Don’
t even think about going to watch tsunamis!
立即向高处转移，同时收听海啸信息。

在海啸警报解除之前，不要靠近海边，更不要有观看海啸的荒谬想法。

高考试题一（2017年·新课标卷II）
When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.
Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’s way of crying out.But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbours react.
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.
In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to ＂overhear＂ the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth.
Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and mo re intimate(亲密的)
than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole l ot going on.
32. What does a plant do when it is under attack?
A. It makes noises.
B. It gets help from other plants.
C. It stands quietly
D. It sends out certain chemicals.
33. What does the author mean by ＂the tables are turned＂in paragraph 3?
A. The attackers get attacked.
B. The insects gather under the table.
C. The plants get ready to fight back.
D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
34.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .
A. predict natural disasters
B. protect themselves against insects
C. talk to one another intentionally
D. help their neighbors when necessary
35.what can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The world is changing faster than ever.
B. People have stronger senses than before
C. The world is more complex than it seems
D. People in Darwin’s time were imaginative.
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。

研究发现，当植物受到攻击时，会发出VOCs，以此来保护自己或者与周围的植物通过化学物质进行交流。

32.D 【解析】细节理解题。

根据＂reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular
smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm＂可知，当植物受到伤害时，会分泌一种特殊的化学物质。

35.C 【解析】推理判断题。

根据＂imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world
we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on＂可知，这个世界远比我们看到或听到的更热闹、更亲密，我们认知能力有限，有很多事仍在继续发生，远比我们想象的要复杂。

故选C。

高考试题二（2016年·北京卷）
Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)
Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house. ＂It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special,＂ she says.
On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bri dge closed.
When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.
In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.
＂My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,＂ Natalie says. ＂but I can always
choose how I deal with it.＂
Natalie’s choice was to help.
She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down. Withi n days, Patrick’s collection was replaced.
In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.
Today, the scars(创痕) of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. ＂I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway,＂ Natalie declares. ＂My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.＂
59. When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found _________.
A. some friends had lost their lives
B. her neighborhood was destroyed
C. her school had moved to Brooklyn
D. the elderly were free from suffering
60. According to Paragraph 4, who inspired Natalie most?
A. The people helping Rockaway rebuild.
B. The people trapped in high-rise buildings.
C. The volunteers donating money to survivors.
D. Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.
61. How did Natalie help the survivors?
A. She gave her toys to other kids.
B. She took care of younger children.
C. She called on the White House to help.
D. She built an information sharing platform.
62. What does the story intend to tell us?
A. Little people can make a big difference.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C. East or west, home is best.
D. Technology is power.
【话题解读】Natalie是一个14岁的孩子，她生活的地方遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受灾严重。

看到人们在帮助家乡重建，Natalie也加入了进去，Natalie创建网站来分享求助信息，帮助捐赠者找到需要帮助的人。

Natalie的行为得到了社会的认可，她受到了表扬。

suffering, especially the elderly＂排除D；根据＂When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins.＂可知，他们的街区被飓风毁了，故选B。

62.A 【解析】写作意图题。

根据倒数第二段＂Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she
was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.＂可知，Natalie的助人行为得到了社会的认可，她受到了表扬，这说明小人物也可以有大作为，故选A。

高考试题三（2015年·重庆卷）
There are many places to go on safari (观赏野生动物) in Africa, but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana’s Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world’s most exciting wildlife journeys.
Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure, providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses, professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.
The morning ride, when the guides take you to beautiful, shallow lakes full of water lilies, tends to be more active. It is unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face,
it is truly exciting. You are very likely to come across large wild animals, too. On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants, giraffes and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though, as does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.
In the evening, rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace, with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive. As the sun’s rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses, the romance of Africa comes to life.
Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day, you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.
48.What does the underlined word ＂They＂ refer to?
A. Flooded waters.
B. Wildlife journeys.
C. Safari camps.
D. Unique rides.
49.What does the author find most exciting about a horseback safari?
A. Seeing and feeling the real African life.
B. Enjoying good food and wine at the camp.
C. Hunting large animals just as our ancestors did.
D. Being part of the scene and getting close to animals.
50.What does the underlined word ＂Sedate＂ probably mean?
A. Wild and romantic.
B. Slow and peaceful.
C. Hungry and thirsty.
D. Active and excited.
51.The author introduces the riding experience in the Okavango Delta mainly by________.
A. following space order
B. following time order
C. making classifications
D. giving examples
【话题解读】这是一篇说明文。

介绍了在非洲骑着马近距离观赏野生动物的奇妙之处。

48.C 【解析】考查代词指代。

上两句中谈到了＂Several safari camps＂给游客提供的服务以及它们的特
点，本句又说明它们因为给游客提供美妙的骑马的经历而闻名，因此They指的是上文提到的＂Several safari camps＂。

51.B 【解析】考查写作手法。

作者在第三段中先说了早上的旅程，第四段涉及晚上的旅程，尾段谈到回到
营地，由此可知作者是按时间顺序写的。

高考试题四（2015年·北京卷）
Life in the Clear
Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet — as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, ＂These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless they’re eating it, or unless something is eating them.＂
And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? It’s trickier than you might think.
The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter(散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily.
But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light, at least not very much, Light can pass through it without bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water. You don’t see it—you see the things behind it.
To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light.
Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments, so its tissues won’t absorb light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.
Animals are built of many different materials—kin, fat, and more — and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see- through. Others build a large, clear mass of non-living jelly-lie(果冻状的)material and spread themselves over it .
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how they’re doing it is still unknown. One t hing is clear for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white.
63.According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals_______.
A. stay in groups
B. can be easily damaged
C. appear only in deep ocean
D. are beautiful creatures
64.The underlined word ＂dead＂ in Paragraph 3 means__________.
A. silently
B. gradually
C. regularly
D. completely
65.One way for an animal to become transparent is to ________.
A. change the direction of light travel
B. gather materials to scatter light.
C. avoid the absorption of light
D. grow bigger to stop light.
66.The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals________.
A. move more slowly in deep water
B. stay see-through even after death
C. produce more tissues for their survival
D. take effective action to reduce light spreading
【话题解读】文章解释了生活在海洋的透明生物的特点，透明原理，以及形成机制。

64.D 【解析】词义猜测题。

该词出现在文章第三段。

前文提到了：你能看到的物体一种是对光线进行了散
射；而另外一种是对光线的吸收。

既然吸收了，那在光的传播过程中就完全阻止了，因此这里dead 是完全的意思。

故选D。

65.C 【解析】推理判断题。

根据第五段第一句To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body
from absorbing or scattering light。

可知，想变透明就要避免散射或吸收光线，因此其中的一个方法是C选项，避免光线的吸收。

故选C。

66.D 【解析】推理判断题。

根据最后一段第一句中的make all the different tissues in their bodies
slow down light exactly as much as water does可以推断出D为正确答案。

其中slowdown对应reduce。

故选D。

I.阅读理解
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Environmental health is defined as the control of the factors (因素)in the environment social well-being (安乐) that may have harmful effects on people's physical, mental, or because natural disasters expose people to danger by bringing up or threatening their immediate environment , effective management of environmental health after a natural disaster is of great importance.
The environmental health measures that must be considered after a natural disaster include the supply of appropriate shelter for individuals or groups of people left homeless, the distribution (分配)of safe and accessible water, and the protection and distribution of safe food products and so on.
To effectively manage environmental health during and after a disaster, it is important that a state of preparation is in effect before the event actually occurs. During an emergency, success largely depends on making good, rapid judgment and appropriate response measures. High-level decision makers, therefore, must be familiar with sound measures beforehand and should be given
an accurate judgment of the disaster's specific effects as quickly as possible.
This book is intended to serve as a guide for those who may be called upon to make emergency decisions after disaster strikes. The recommended environmental health measures have been listed in the order of priority in which they should be taken during an emergency. However, each natural disaster is unique in the degree or type of emergency. In response to any given disaster, decision makers may find it necessary to change the priority assigned to any particular measure.
1.Why is it significant to take effective measures after a natural disaster?
A. Victims may be in danger without immediate controls.
B. Victims may be at the risk of losing their properties.
C. Victims may be exposed to poisonous or radioactive minerals.
D. Victims may be threatened by environmental health problems.
2.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A. Good preparations beforehand are vital.
B. Rapid judgment is quite beneficial.
C. Effective measures sound familiar.
D. Slow responses sound ineffective.
3.Whom is the book mainly written for?
A.A researcher quite into environment health.
B. An organizer to handle domestic disastrous situations.
C.A possible decision-maker to handle a disaster emergency.
D.A holidaymaker fond of the topic of effective management.
4.Which of the following can replace the underlined word ＂priority＂ in Paragraph 4?
A. Perfection.
B. Preference.
C. Possibility.
D. Popularity-
B
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

For most parents and other caregivers, summer is by far the best season to connect kids with natur e. The weather’s nice, and the youngsters are out of school. 1 So don’t miss the opportunity to schedule some outdoor time. Here are a few tips to help you along the way: Nature is all around us. 2 For small kids, there’s likely plenty in the bac kyard,
courtyard, or schoolyard. National parks are great, but kids foster a deep connection with nature close to home!
3 Don’t worry too much about what to do once you arrive at your nature-rich destination. What kids really need is free time to engage all their senses and use their imaginations.
You can learn too. What counts is simply to get out there, show that you value the outdoors, and be ready to have fun. 4 In fact, it is not necessary for you to know anything at all about science or nature. And remember, questions are more powerful than answers anyway!
Sit back and watch your kids learn. Don’t be too much of a helicopter parent, always saying ＂no＂. Instead, try to spare more time to stay with your kids when necessary.
5 And let kids take some risks. Most of us climbed trees, played with sticks, and got muddy as kids — and we lived to tell the story. The nature connection is a contact sport, and both kids and nature can take it!
No matter the weather or time of day you can have an adventure together with your kids. Alright, get those kids outside, into nature, making their own discoveries!
A. It’s okay not to have a plan.
B. Allow your kids to be kids.
C. Pay close attention to your kids.
D. Parents often take time off as well.
E. You d on’t need to be an expert on nature.
F. You typically don’t have to go far to find nature.
G. Sometimes it is necessary to turn to experts for advice.
II.完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I will always appreciate my father and his faith.
As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their calluses(老茧)and roughness. His hands tell the story of his life as a 1 , including all his struggles.
One 2 , I remember, a drought (旱灾)hit Ontario, turning it into a burning desert. On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last 3 from the grocery store. Fifty dozen was all we needed, which 4 took twenty minutes. That morning, however, the process didn’t go quickly. After forty minutes of 5 walking in the field, we 6
needed twenty dozen. I was completely frustrated and angry. 7the basket heavily, I declared, ＂If the store wants its last twenty dozen, they can pick it themselves!＂Dad laughed. ＂Just think, my little girl, only 8 dozen left for each of 9 and then we’re done. ＂ Such is Dad―whatever problem he 10 , he never gives up.
11 , the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our county. It was a challenging time for everyone, 12 Dad remained optimistic. He 13 to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plate. Only then did I truly begin to 14 Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times.
Dad is also a living example of real 15 . From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to 16 our family. He always puts our happiness 17 his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games 18 his exhaustion(疲劳) after long days. His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and 19 others first.
Dad，the life 20 I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father, teacher, friend and, most importantly, my hero.
1.A. teacher B. grocer C. gardener D. farmer
2.A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
3.A. gap B. form C. order D. position
4.A. usually B. repeatedly C. finally D. really
5.A. happily B. aimlessly C. easily D. hardly
6.A. yet B. even C. still D. nearly
7.A. Cutting B. Taking C. Picking D. Dropping
8.A. five B. ten C. twenty D. fifty
9.A. them B. you C. me D. us
10.A. brings up B. meets with C. works out D. thinks about
11.A. Thankfully B. Strangely C. Hopefully D. Unfortunately
12.A. or B. for C. but D. so
13.A. happened B. stopped C. aimed D. continued
14.A. face B. examine C. appreciate D. question
15.A. love B. pride C. friendship D. honesty
16.A. settle B. support C. start D. impress
17.A. before B. after C. beside D. under
18.A. in terms of B. in control of C. in spite of D. in place of
19.A. putting B. cheering C. thinking D. turning
20.A. lessons B. styles C. ways D. history
III.语法填空
When man starts his work in nature, the balance is likely to be destroyed. He grows a crop and takes it away to eat; then there are no dead leaves to fall on the ground, holding water while it sinks into the surface. 1 a farmer acts with knowledge and skill, he is therefore most likely to make the land 2 (bad) year by year . 3 (take) the place of the useful matter in the crops that he removes, he uses some kind of fertilizer. In some places, it is a habit to burn waste material lying about, but such burning destroys the useful matter 4 the plants need to grow. Although the ashes that are left are valuable when put on the land, a better practice is to bury the waste 5 that it decays and increases the humus(腐殖质) in the soil.
In the past, 6 the world population was much lower than it is now, a man had little difficulty 7 (grow) the food that was needed. When a field had been used some years and had become tired, the farmer could move to another place. The tired land then slowly recovered. Gradually grasses and other plants would appear on it and its productive power would slowly return to normal through their decay. But nature, 8 (leave) alone, would take a long time to bring back the land to its former state; the length of time required 9 (depend) on local conditions, but it might well be ten years.
Anyway, it is a bad practice to grow the same crop in a field y ear after year and is mans’ responsibilities to find solutions 10 the problem of soil protection.
IV.书面表达
请根据下面的提示写一篇短文，介绍飓风的一些基本知识。