福建省厦门第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

福建省厦门第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英
语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Students, teachers, and local community members are strongly encouraged to register online to receive real-time information of emergency events from Columbia University.
Text message warnings will only be used in rare cases where ongoing events cause an immediate threat or have a significant influence. Possible situations include severe weather conditions, emergency campus closures, crimes in progress that may endanger the community, and major transportation interruptions.
Read instructions on how to sign up for emergency notifications（通知）.
Columbia students
Columbia students can easily register for text message notifications. Simply enter Student Services Online, click on "Text Message Enrollment" and add your cellphone number. Students can register parents or family members by following the instructions for the public below.
Columbia teachers
Columbia teachers can register for text message notifications by following the step by step instructions below:
● Register with your UNI and password at .
● Select "Faculty & Staff" at the top of the page.
● Select "Contact Details".
● Click the "+" under "Phone".
● Select "Campus Alert 1".
● Ent er your mobile number.
To receive emergency information on additional mobile phones, you may follow the above instructions for "Campus Alert 2" and "Campus Alert 3" for a total of three.
Community/General Public
Community/General Public interested in receiving emergency information from Columbia can sign up by clicking on the "Register" button on the registration page and entering their email and mobile number. Users will receive confirmation code（密码）on their
phone and will need to confirm their account via email.
Users can choose not to use the Emergency Text Alert System at any time by texting STOP to 226787, calling 226789 or sending an email to lr27682@. 1．Which is a possible situation where a text message will be sent?
A．The temperature will drop slightly tomorrow.
B．The campus will be closed during Christmas.
C．The main railway system of the city is interrupted.
D．A bank robber is being sentenced in the court of the city.
2．Which step comes before the others when teachers register?
A．Selecting Campus Alert. B．Entering mobile numbers. C．Clicking "+" under "Phone". D．Selecting "Faculty& Staff". 3．How can users stop receiving text messages?
A．By sending an email.
B．By texting STOP to 226789.
C．By managing information online.
D．By making a phone call to 226787.
Dozens of sea turtles swim past as I dive. Suddenly a diver cuts me off. Then another. “Hey!” I think. “Watch where you’re going!” Then I realize: These aren’t divers. They are sea lions! The creatures blow bubbles a t me and the group of 11 kids I’m on vocations with, hitting us slightly on our backs. Not to bother them much, we tear ourselves away from the wonderland.
We take this trip to the Galapagos Islands, a group of tropical islands crossing the equator. Our h otel is a boat called the Eclipse that has a pool. Humans aren’t allowed to live on most of the islands. The only way people can experience the magic of this place and meet animals on all the islands is by “panga”. “Our small motorboat is more important th an the Eclipse. It’s very safe,” says a local guide, Fielsch. Lack of human threat makes the animals friendly. “They don’t know enough to be scared of humans.” Our group experience that firsthand. When we return after our diving adventure, we find sea lions lying next to
our-backpacks! Walking along the sand, we see more wildlife: seals, red crabs, orcas.
The following morning, we reach Fernandina Island, known for its volcano. Flightless birds called cormorants build nests on the rocks. Nearby are Galapagos penguins. Averaging
about 19 inches in height, they’re the second smallest species of penguin in the world. “The Galapagos are so curious,” says 12-year-old Harry. “You’ve got penguins living far from the frozen South Pole, and birds that don’t fly!”
As we ride back, six penguins stand like soldiers, seeming to say goodbye. It’s our last day; none of us wants to leave this place. We know this trip has been a milestone for us. A marked shift in our attitudes towards the natural world is underway. “The Gal apagos Islands seem to break the world’s rules,” says Harry. “More than ever, I’m interested in saving the environment. These animals truly need our care,” his sister Hannnah adds.
4．How does the author find the diving experience?
A．Appealing.
B．Disturbing.
C．Dangerous.
D．Valuable.
5．What’s the function of “panga”?
A．To protect people from danger.
B．To provide a shelter for local people.
C．To guide people in seeing the animals.
D．To transport people to each of the islands.
6．What’s special about Galapagos penguins?
A．They are not able to fly.
B．They remain hidden from view.
C．They live in a tropical climate.
D．They’re the smallest of their kind.
7．Why is the trip considered a milestone for the author’s group?
A．It expands their knowledge of the world.
B．It changes the way they think about nature.
C．It inspires them to protect the environment.
D．It enables them to interact with various wildlife.
Everyone knows what makes a good story. Our hero starts their journey as a flawed being. In scene after scene, they face challenges that push them down new paths. By the end of the talc, they overcome setbacks and become a better person in the process.
We love these plots in the novels we read but the principles of a good story offer much more than entertainment. Recent research shows that the narratives we tell ourselves about our lives can powerfully help us recover from stress. People who generate tales of struggling and turning over a new leaf from their own lives appear to have much better mental health. Professor Dan McAdams put forward this idea and discovered that whether someone can describe having had some control over events in their past is an important predictor of mental health. Another key theme involved is finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events.
McAdams invited 14 and 15-year-olds to join in an experiment to write about their experiences of failure and success. Half of them were then given extra instructions to describe the ways they had made their success a reality and how the failure had changed them for the better. Eight weeks later, members of this group reported greater persistence and better grades in their schoolwork.
Exciting as these results are, some experts sound a few notes of caution. They worry that, hearing about the power of self-narratives, many people may feel they have to find a positive turning point in life. If they can’t, they could end up feeling guilty about having somehow “failed”.
Clearly, self-narratives aren’t the panacea. Nevertheless, if you hope for
self-improvement, you can use the findings to good effect. By recognizing ourselves as the hero at the center of our own struggles, we can all become the author of our own destiny and change ourselves for the better.
8．What does the research focus on?
A．The causes of stress.
B．The principles of narrative.
C．The connection between struggle and well-being.
D．The link between mental health and self-narratives.
9．Why is the experiment mentioned in paragraph 3?
A．To give proof. B．To make predictions.
C．To draw a conclusion. D．To make comparisons.
10．What does the underlined word “panacea” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Attempt to get rid of worries. B．Means of recognizing yourself. C．Solution to adolescent problems. D．Guarantee to become better people.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Embrace Life Struggles B．Be Your Own Hero
C．Ways to Make a Good Story D．The Power of Self-improvement
On a September afternoon in 1940, four teenage boys made their way through the woods on a hill overlooking Montignac in southwestern France. They had come to explore a dark, deep hole said to be an underground passage to the nearby manor（庄园）of Lascaux. Squeezing through the entrance one by one, they soon saw wonderfully lifelike paintings of running horses, swimming deer, wounded wild oxen, and other beings—works of art that may be up to 20,000 years old.
The collection of paintings in Lascaux is among some 150 prehistoric sites dating from the Paleolithic period（旧石器时代）that have been documented in France's Vezere Valley. This corner of southwestern Europe seems to have been a hot spot for figurative art. The biggest discovery since Lascaux occurred in December 1994, when three cave explorers laid eyes on artworks that had not been seen since a rockslide 22,000 years ago closed off a large deep cave in southern France. Here, by unsteadily shining firelight, prehistoric artists drew outlines of cave lions, herds of rhinos（犀牛）and magnificent wild oxen, horses, cave bears. In all, the artists drew 442 animals over perhaps thousands of years, using nearly 400,000 square feet of cave surface as their canvas（画布）. The site, now known as
Chauvet-Pont-1'Arc Cave, is sometimes considered the Sistine Chapel of prehistory.
For decades scholars had theorized that art had advanced in slow stages from ancient scratchings to lively, naturalistic interpretation. Surely the delicate shading and elegant lines of Chauvet's masterworks placed them at the top of that progression. Then carbon dates came in, and prehistorians felt shocked. At some 36,000 years old—nearly twice as old as those in Lascaux—Chauvet's images represented not the peak of prehistoric art but its earliest known beginnings.
The search for the world's oldest cave paintings continues. On the Indonesian island of Sulawesi, for example, scientists found a large room of paintings of part-human, part-animal beings that are estimated to be 44,000 years old, older than any figurative art seen in Europe.
Scholars don't know if art was invented many times over or if it was a skill developed early in our evolution. What we do know is that artistic expression runs deep in our ancestry. 12．According to the passage, where did the boys find the paintings?
A．In the woods on a hill B．In a deep cave in France.
C．In a manor of Lascaux. D．On an Indonesian island 13．According to the passage, figurative art in paragraph 2 is a form of art
that_____________.
A．conveys concepts by using accurate numbers and forms
B．makes stories in contrast to scientific subjects
C．represents persons or things in a realistic way
D．expresses ideas or feelings by using shapes and patterns
14．It can be inferred from the passage that_____________.
A．the Chauvet's paintings had been sealed by a rockslide until 1994
B．the style of Chauvet's paintings is similar to that of the Sistine Chapel
C．Chauvet's images are the earliest figurative paintings that have been found
D．the main objects of Chauvet's images are part-human, part-animal beings
15．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A．Value of Paleolithic Artwork B．Preservation of Figurative Art C．Artistic Expressions of Nature D．Searches for Cave Paintings
二、七选五
How much time do you spend doing research before you make a decision? There are people who go over every detail exhaustively before making a choice. ____16____ Psychologists call this way of thinking a cognitive bias (偏见), a tendency toward a specific mental mistake.
To study “jumping”, we examined decision-making patterns among more than 600 people from the general population. We found that jumpers made more errors than
non-jumpers on problems that require thoughtful analysis. ____17____ In a quiz about US civics, they overestimated the chance that their answers were right significantly more than other participants did—even when their answers were wrong.
So what is behind “jumping”?Psychological researchers commonly distinguish between two pathways of thought: automatic system, which reflects ideas that come to the mind easily, spontaneously and without effort, and controlled system including conscious and effortful reasoning. Jumpers and nonjumpers are equally influenced by automatic thoughts.
____18____
It is the controlled system that helps people counter balance mental biases introduced by the automatic system. As a result, jumpers were more likely to accept the conclusions made at first blush without further questioning. A lack of controlled thinking is also more broadly connected to their problematic beliefs and faulty reasoning.
____19____ A method called metacognitive training can be used to target their biases, which can help people think more deliberatively. In this training, participants are confronted with their own biases. They can learn about the missteps and other ways of thinking through the problem at hand. It helps to chip away at participants’ overconfidence.
In everyday life, the question of whether we should think things through or instead go with our gut is a frequent and important one. ____20____ Sometimes the most important decision we make can be to take some more time before making a choice.
A．Happily, there may be some hope for jumpers.
B．Also, jumpers had problems with overconfidence.
C．But a fair number of individuals are quick to jump to conclusions.
D．It is certainly possible for them to overthink things to take a decision.
E．We plan to continue the work to trace other problems introduced by jumping.
F．The jumpers, however, did not engage in controlled reasoning to the same degree as
non-jumpers.
G．Recent studies show that even gathering just a little bit more evidence may help us avoid a major mistake.
三、完形填空
the street will look litt ered again. But she isn’t ____28____ — it just adds fuel to her plogging fire.
The word “plogging” comes from plogga, a ____29____ of two Swedish words that mean to pick up and to jog. The activity was ____30____ by Erik Ahlstrom. When he moved to Stockholm, he felt____31____at the amount of litter in the streets and began gathering friends to clean up the neighborhood while out for runs. Now Mr. Ahlstrom is traveling the world, making the ____32____of plogging known to the public. In the U. S. , social media and running groups are ____33____ people to get out and plog: the “plogging” tag (标签) alone has more than 40, 000 posts.
Murzycki has been doing this for a few years even before the trend hit the U. S. “It really is super ____34____ if you go out ever y single day and just pick up litter,” she says. But she’s figured out how to make it fun by jogging with friends and adding the ____35____, and she adds one push-up (俯卧撑), finding a tiny glass bottle.
21．A．lighten B．snow C．clear D．darken 22．A．Thus B．Otherwise C．Nevertheless D．Instead 23．A．pay for B．seek for C．account for D．fight for 24．A．samples B．types C．possessions D．necessities 25．A．recycling B．updating C．sorting D．donating 26．A．appropriately B．purposefully C．personally D．flexibly 27．A．pack B．drop C．empty D．search 28．A．discovered B．accepted C．prevented D．persuaded 29．A．collection B．comparison C．connection D．combination 30．A．controlled B．challenged C．launched D．joined 31．A．confused B．astonished C．amused D．hopeless 32．A．benefits B．features C．rules D．consequences 33．A．requiring B．inspiring C．reminding D．warning 34．A．shameful B．relaxing C．depressing D．false 35．A．exercise B．value C．weight D．training
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Also ____36____ primary note are the extraordinary masterpieces from Tang Yin, a very ____37____ (influence) painter from China. Born during the Ming Dynasty, he ____38____ (seek) and failed to gain entry into the civil service, so he turned to painting instead, where he eventually gained ____39____ (recognize) as a noted artist of Chinese ink wash painting.
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Dating back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220AD) after people from Zhongyuan, or ancient China’s Central Plain region, brought their music to Quanzhou, Fujian province, Nanyin ____40____ (combine) later gradually with the local music.
The performance of Nanyin is usually given by a group of five musicians, ____41____ (feature) a slow, gentle and elegant melody. ____42____ (position) in the middle is the singer, who plays the wooden clapper (拍板) to keep the beat. Usually on the left are two musicians playing a bamboo flute called the “dongxiao” and the “erxian” with two musicians playing “pipa” and the “sanxian” respectively (分别地) on the right.
The dongxiao pairs up well with the erxian, ____43____ the pipa pairs up with sanxian, Chen Jiaxian noted. To aid in passing down this heritage, schools in Quanzhou have made Nanyin a course in kindergarten and primary school and taught it____44____ (innovative) with the help of the piano, ____45____ instrument that students are more familiar with.
五、告知信/通知
46．假定你是李华，你校下周将举办主题为“Healthy Lifestyle”的展览，请你以学生会的名义，写一则通知，内容包括：
1. 展览时间与地点；
2. 展览内容与亮点；
3. 希望大家踊跃参与。

注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Notice
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________________
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When Dylan was just seven years old, he moved to the United States with his mother, Khadine, and his twin younger brothers. The family hoped that their new home would allow them to start over and find success. However, their dream didn’t work out exactly a s they imagined it would.
Life as a single mother supporting three kids is incredibly difficult, but Khadine had a particularly difficult time after her twin sons had been diagnosed with serious heart conditions. As a result, the boys suffered from dangerous symptoms and required 24-hour care. As Khadine had to work three jobs to support her family financially, it became Dylan’s responsibility to look after his young brothers. To relieve Mom’s stress, Dylan also found a part-time job at a recreation center.
While Dylan never considered his family to be a burden to him, seeing his mother and brothers become vulnerable (脆弱的) made him determined to plan his future out correctly. He believed education was the only way out of their struggle, so he made a promise to his mother that he would be the first one in the family to go to college.
For that promise, Dylan made use of each and every minute to study while taking care of his brothers. He soon became an honor student at Henry High School and took several advanced classes to keep his grades up. The College of New Jersey was his top choice. He was determined to put that admission letter in his mother’s hands.
However, weeks before Dylan’s college entrance exam, both his family and his determination were tested again when Khadine fell ill and was unable to work for a while. Soon, the bills became unmanageable and the landlord evicted (驱逐) Dylan’s family after Khadine couldn’t pay the rent. The family had no choice but to live in the shelter. The place wasn’t an i deal place to study. It was often noisy and crowded, and the lights would go out at a certain time after 11 p.m.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

But Dylan continued to follow his dream.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___
Weeks after his application, an envelope carrying good news arrived.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___
试卷第11页，共11页。