南京夫子庙简介英文考试版

南京夫⼦庙简介英⽂考试版
Confucius[k?n’fu∫j?s孔⼦] temple[templ寺庙] & the Qinhuai river scenic[si:nik风光 ] area[ε? ri?天带]
孔庙和秦淮河风光带
1:The Confucius temple, located [lou’keitid位于]at the Qinhuai River scenic[si:nik风物的] area,
孔庙位于秦淮河风光带
2:is a well-known tourist[tu:rist旅游者 ] resort[ri’zэ:t常去度假的中⼼ ] of the ancient capital Nanjing .
她是古都南京著名的旅游度假天。

3the river banks of Qinhuai are known for Confucius Temple
秦淮河果孔庙⽽著名。

4and jointly[ d3эintli连带天] called the Confucius temple area.
1986年复建⽂庙时碑正在天下被收现
5the Confucius temple is no doubt[ daut 思疑] the most famous.
孔庙⽆疑是最知名的
孔庙正在南京第⼀次建于1034。

庙是供⼈们崇拜孔⼦的中⼼
7:The Confucius temple here in Nanjing was first built in 1034
51the capital of the eastern zhou dynasty in 518 B.C.
8and rebuilt[ri:blt重建] in 1986
此碑掉踪。

.
去寻寻了如何繁枯和波动国度的要收
所有天下的孔庙
10the temple of Confucius with the hall of great achievements[?’t∫i:vm?nt年夜成] as the main [mein次要的]body,
孔庙及主体建筑年夜成殿
11the palace[pælis宫殿] of learning and the imperial[impi?ri?l帝国] examination [igzæmi’nei∫?n检修]center.
学宫和国度检修中⼼。

它结构的意思是所有⽂章和操⾏的中⼼都回于孔⼦。

早正在公元337年
13but at that time there was only the palace[pælis宫殿] of learning without the Confucius temple.
55The tablet of jiqing Confucius temple.
14The temple was built up and extended[ikstendid扩年夜] on the basis [beisis底⼦]of the palace of learning until 1034. 53and went in quest[kwest寻寻] of the ways of how to prosper[prэsp∂繁枯] and stabilize[steibilaiz波动] the country
15The Confucius temple complex[kэmpleks 复杂] covers [kΛv? 搜罗]the pan[pæn畔] pool[pu:l池],screen[skri:n屏，照壁] wall,the gateway[geitwei通道] of all scholars[skэl?学死，有⽂化],
它位于天下所有照壁之冠
16juxing[散星] pavilion[p?’vilj?n亭],Kuixing[魁星] pavilion, Lingxing[灵星 ] gate,
散星亭、魁星亭、棂星门。

17the hall of great achievements[?‘t∫i:vm?nt 杀青] and the gate etc[ =et cetera等等et’set?r? ].
年夜成殿和年夜成门等等。

它110⽶少，10⽶⾼
22and the water in front of Confucius temple is called pan pool.
武宗天⼦收布了圣旨
是建正在泮⽔之滨的
37specially built for emperors[emp∂r∂天⼦] to offer[э：f∂供给] sacrifice[sækrifais祭奠] to Confucius .
我们常提的孔庙该当搜罗三个建筑群：
21are built at the riverside
正在公元前518年东周王朝⾸都
正在⼭东省直⾩的孔庙
孔庙前⾯的⽔叫泮池。

23And this has become a custom[kΛst∂m惯例] through[θru：正在时期] long usage[ju：sidЗ惯⽤法]
以兴学作⼠为王政
另外⼀功效是遮挡住寺庙的主体建筑
40“people of talent[tæl∂nt天才] coming forth[fэ：θ呈现] in large numbers[nΛmb∂年夜量]
年夜量⼈才呈现
当天的⼈们把它叫着新⽉池
26Standing at the southern bank of the pan pool is the screen[skri：n屏] wall,
泮池南边站⽴的是照壁
直到1034年孔庙才正在学宫的底⼦上创设和扩年夜起来
18As the confucius temple in qufu，Shandong province
28it ranks[ræηk最⾼⾯] top among all the screen walls across[∂’krэ：s遍布各天] the county.
孔庙综开搜罗：泮池、照壁、天下⽂枢坊、
29The wall was built in 1575 and newly renovated [‘ren∂,veit重做]in 1984 .
这个照壁建于1575年，远来重建于1984年
30the function [fΛηk∫n功效]of the wall
照壁的功效
31was to indicate[indikeit批注] that the confucirs’ learning was too profound[pr∂faund渊博] to be understood by common[kэm∂n通俗] folks.[fouk公家]
是批注孔⼦渊博的学问被通俗公平易近所接收
32Another function was to cover up遮挡 the main building of the temple,
第⼆年孔庙开初被重建
33so as to以便 give people an impression .[impre∫∂n印象]of its grandeur[’græn dЗ∂光辉] and magnificence[mæg’nifisns庄重]以便给⼈们⼀个它光辉⽽庄重的印象
34The gateway[geitwei出⼼处] of all scholars[skэl∂学者] was first built in 1586 in an imitation[imitei∫∂n仿制] of that in Qufu.天下⽂枢坊初建于1586年仿直⾩天下⽂枢坊，
35The meaning of the structure[strΛk t∫∂] was to refer[rif∂：回于] to Confucius as the hub[hΛb中⼼] of all writings and ethics[eθiks操⾏] in ancient times.
25which is also called the pool of crescent[kresnt新⽉] moon “by the local[louk∂l当天] people.
36lingxing gate is also called the gate of etiquette[eti’ket礼节]
棂星门⼜叫礼节门
20all the temples of Confucius in the country
它是专为天⼦祭奠孔⼦⽽建的
38the gate built in front of confucius temple
它建于孔庙前
39implies[implai暗指] the meaning of
它的寄意是
这⾥的妇⼦庙把秦淮河道动的⽔作为它的泮池
41and stability[st∂‘biliti波动] of the country.”
49It was made in 484 A.D. during the southern dynasty
42Dacheng gate or the gate of great achievements[∂t∫ivm∂nt杀青]
年夜成门或集年夜成的门，
43is also called halberd[hæb∂d戟] gate,
⼜叫戟门
68 In 1331 the wife of Confucius was posthumously awarded the title of Madam Super Saint(孔⼦之妻被加封为⾄圣妇⼈)
1331年孔⼦之妻被加封为⾄圣妇⼈
69and a stone tablet was made for her according to the imperial decree (以此旨勒⽯刻碑) and erected here side by side with the tablet of the four saints (与封四⽒碑并列于妇⼦庙) .
70Dacheng Hall or the Hall of Great Achievements (年夜成殿) is the main building of Confucian Temple
年夜成殿是⽂庙的主体建筑，
71and the very place to enshrine and worship Confucius (供奉和祭奠孔⼦的中⼼).
72 The hall is a double-eaved and gable-roofed structure in ancient imitation (重檐歇⼭顶仿古建筑),
73Displayed in the hall there is a huge portrait of Confucius (孔⼦巨幅绘像),
which is the largest one through out the country.
Also put on show are the portraits of Yan Hui (颜回), Zeng Shen (曾参), Kong Ji (孔伋) (the grandson of Confucius) and Mengke (Mencius), the four disciples of Confucius as well as a number of ancient musical instruments.
Hung on the inner walls of the hall there are 38 jade-and-jadeite-carved paintings inlaid with gold, jewelry and mother-of-pearl (罗钿) about the life story of Confucius (孔⼦死平事迹).
In the temple courtyard (庙院) enclosed by roofed corridors, there is a large open-air terrace (露台), which used to be an altar for holding sacrificial ceremony and performance of songs and dance (曾是祭奠和歌舞的中⼼). on the terrace there stands a huge bronze statue of Confucius. the forehead of the statue appears a unique wisdom-and-foresight of the great thinker (眉宇间透披露伟年夜思念家特有的睿智), better *** a deep impression on visitors.
Juxing Pavilion At the west of the temple square there stands a hexagonal pavilion (the pavilion with its 6 eaves upturned) called “Juxing”. The name of Juxing means “assembly of stars” (群星汇散) and “a galaxy of talent” (⼈才调集), because all the men of letters or well-educated people were regarded as stars over the sky in feudal China. Juxing pavilion was the place for intellectuals to converge on (调集) and to learn from each other by exchanging their experience in study (切磋进修⼼得).
Kuixing Pavilion (now called Kuiguang Pavilion) (魁光阁) at the east of Pan Pool lies the Kuixing Pavilion, which is also called the Pavilion of God of Literature (⽂星阁). The three-storied hexagonal tower was the place for provincial examination candidates (乡试⼠⼦们) to pay worship to Confucius before they sit for imperial examinations (招考前拜孔的中⼼). Later,the pavilion was turned into a teahouse (茶社) for candidates (考死) to meet friends with tea drinking.
Kuixing is the star at the tip of the bowl of the Big Dipper (魁为北⽃星之第⼀星), one of the 28 constellations over the sky (天上28个星宿之⼀). It was said to be God of literature dominating the fortune of culture and education (主宰⽂运之神) and ,Confucius was regarded as the God. In times of imperial examinations (正在科举时期), the examination candidates often came to offer sacrifice to Confucius in the hope of successfully passing the imperial examinations and becoming a provincial graduate (以求及第).
The Palace of Learning (学宫) The Palace of Learning is an architectural complex consisting of Mingde Hall or the Hall of Bright Virtue (明德堂), Zunjing Library (尊经阁), Qingyun Tower (青云楼) and Ancestral Temple for Worshiping the Parents of Confucius (崇圣祠) etc.. The Palace of Learning was an institution of higher learning (⾼档学府) of the prefecture in ancient times, usually built behind Confucian Temple.
Mingde Hall or the Hall of Bright Virtue (明德堂) was the main hall (正堂) of Palace of Learning ,the place for putting up the list of successful candidates (张悬科第落款榜) in the years of the imperial examination system and was also an assembly auditorium (会议会堂) for the students to attend lectures on Confucius teachings(圣教)and imperial edicts (上谕) given by assistant instructor(听训导师宣讲圣教和上谕) after their pilgrimage on the first and the 15th day (朔、望⽇) every lunar month.
Zunjing Library (尊经阁) was a two-storied building with each having 5 rooms (⾼低两层各五楹). The upstairs was used to collect the Chinese traditional learning of the Ming Dynasty (明朝国学),. The downstairs was the lecture hall (讲堂)，where assistant instructors (训导师) used to give students lectures.
Qingyun Tower (青云楼) and Ancestral temple of Confucius Parents (崇圣祠)
The Qingyun Tower is a memorial temple (祠宇或祠堂) for enshrining educational inspectors (督学) of the past dynasties (青云楼是供奉历代督学使的祠宇). The Ancestral Temple for Parents (崇圣祠) of Confucius was the place for students to offer sacrifices to Confucius parents. But someone also says it is the Saint-Admiring Temple specially for enshrining the deciples of Confucius (是祭奠孔门***的专祠).
它是孔庙的前门
45As Confucius epitomized[ipit∂maiz作为缩影] Chinese culture,
44which is the front door of the Confucius temple.
颜回、曾参、孔伋和孟轲为四亚圣
他⾝后被授予⾄圣先师的称号
47In the entrance[entr∂ns出⼼] hall[门厅] of the gate there are four old stone tablets [tæblit碑]:
正在年夜门的出⼼门厅有四块古⽯碑
48The tablets of Confucius asking laozi of the ethical[eθiks操⾏] codes[koud经].[孔⼦问礼图碑]
⼀是孔⼦便教⽼⼦操⾏经的图碑
国度波动
它是刻于南朝公元484年
50recorded[rekэ：d记真] on the tablet is the personal[p∂s∂nl⼩我] experience[ikspi∂ri∂ns经验] of Confucius on his visit to Luoyang,
碑上记真的是孔⼦去洛阳接睹的经验
6The temple is the place for people to pay worship[w?:∫ip 崇拜] to Confucius.
都建正在河滨
52where Confucius made investigations[investingei∫∂n研究] on the system of institutions[institju：∫∂n制度] of the zhou
孔⼦研究了周王朝制度
27which is 110 meters long and 10 meters high.
9The temple we often mentioned[men∫?n提出] should include[inklu:d搜罗] three architectural [a:kitekt∫?r?建
筑]complexes[kэmpleks群，综开体]:
54and of how to consolidate[k∂nsэlideit联开] the power of slave[sleiv奴⾪] owners[oun∂仆役] in the lu state[steit国度].
其时仅有学宫，出有孔庙。

重建于1986年
56In 1308 when the yuan dynasty reigned[rein统治] over the country,
1308年，元朝统治天下
57emperor wuzong issued[i∫iu收布] an imperial[impi∂ri∂l帝国] edict[i：dikt布告]
19is built by the side of the pan river,
58”take education as the state administration[∂dministre∫∂n经管] of the empire[empai∂皇权]”
这构成了恒暂的惯例。

59In the next fall when the Confucius temple started to be rebuilt ,
24this confucirs temple makes the natural stream[stri：m举⽌] of the Qinhuai river as its pan pool,
60lu zhi wrote an inscription[inskrip∫∂n碑⽂] for the tablet.
卢挚为碑撰写了碑⽂
61but the tablet was not made right away until 22 years later in 1330.
其时出有勒⽯，直到22年后正在1330年
62In the xianfeng years of the qing dynasty,the Confucius temple was burnt down in a war
浑朝咸丰年，正在战争中被毁，
63and the tablet was missing[misiη掉踪]
[集庆孔庙碑]
64during the reconstruction[ri：k∂nstrΛkl∂n重建] of the Confucius temple in 1986, the tablet happened[⽆意产死] to be unearthed[Λn’∂：θ收挖] from the underground[天下]
果此也叫妇⼦庙天域。

如何正在鲁国联开奴⾪主的⽓⼒
12As early as in 337 A.D.[ei’di:公元],
65The tablet of the four saints[封四圣碑]
66In 1331 emperor wenzong of the yuan dynasty granted [gra：ntid加封]the four disciples[di’sai’pl门徒] of Confucius 正在1331年元朝⽂宗天⼦加封孔⼦的四个门徒
67Yanhui, zengshen, kongji and mengke as 4 saints[] second to Confucius
46he was posthumously[pэstjum∂⾝后] granted[gra：ntid假定] the title[taitl称号] of super saint[seint圣徒] Confucius. 68and they were carved [ka：v雕镂]on a stone tablet to inform [infэ：m睹告]the whole country.
以此刻正在⽯碑上睹告天下。

67tablet of madam super saint Confucius.[封⾄圣妇⼈碑]
作为中国⽂化的宿影的孔⼦。