basic minimum need indicator

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运筹学英汉词汇ABC

运筹学英汉词汇(0,1) normalized ――0-1规范化Aactivity ――工序additivity――可加性adjacency matrix――邻接矩阵adjacent――邻接aligned game――结盟对策analytic functional equation――分析函数方程approximation method――近似法arc ――弧artificial constraint technique ――人工约束法artificial variable――人工变量augmenting path――增广路avoid cycle method ――避圈法Bbackward algorithm――后向算法balanced transportation problem――产销平衡运输问题basic feasible solution ――基本可行解basic matrix――基阵basic solution ――基本解basic variable ――基变量basic ――基basis iteration ――换基迭代Bayes decision――贝叶斯决策big M method ――大M 法binary integer programming ――0-1整数规划binary operation――二元运算binary relation――二元关系binary tree――二元树binomial distribution――二项分布bipartite graph――二部图birth and death process――生灭过程Bland rule ――布兰德法则branch node――分支点branch――树枝bridge――桥busy period――忙期Ccapacity of system――系统容量capacity――容量Cartesian product――笛卡儿积chain――链characteristic function――特征函数chord――弦circuit――回路coalition structure――联盟结构coalition――联盟combination me――组合法complement of a graph――补图complement of a set――补集complementary of characteristic function――特征函数的互补性complementary slackness condition ――互补松弛条件complementary slackness property――互补松弛性complete bipartite graph――完全二部图complete graph――完全图completely undeterministic decision――完全不确定型决策complexity――计算复杂性congruence method――同余法connected component――连通分支connected graph――连通图connected graph――连通图constraint condition――约束条件constraint function ――约束函数constraint matrix――约束矩阵constraint method――约束法constraint ――约束continuous game――连续对策convex combination――凸组合convex polyhedron ――凸多面体convex set――凸集core――核心corner-point ――顶点（角点）cost coefficient――费用系数cost function――费用函数cost――费用criterion ; test number――检验数critical activity ――关键工序critical path method ――关键路径法（CMP ）critical path scheduling ――关键路径cross job ――交叉作业curse of dimensionality――维数灾customer resource――顾客源customer――顾客cut magnitude ――截量cut set ――截集cut vertex――割点cutting plane method ――割平面法cycle ――回路cycling ――循环Ddecision fork――决策结点decision maker决――策者decision process of unfixed step number――不定期决策过程decision process――决策过程decision space――决策空间decision variable――决策变量decision决－－策decomposition algorithm――分解算法degenerate basic feasible solution ――退化基本可行解degree――度demand――需求deterministic inventory model――确定贮存模型deterministic type decision――确定型决策diagram method ――图解法dictionary ordered method ――字典序法differential game――微分对策digraph――有向图directed graph――有向图directed tree――有向树disconnected graph――非连通图distance――距离domain――定义域dominate――优超domination of strategies――策略的优超关系domination――优超关系dominion――优超域dual graph――对偶图Dual problem――对偶问题dual simplex algorithm ――对偶单纯形算法dual simplex method――对偶单纯形法dummy activity――虚工序dynamic game――动态对策dynamic programming――动态规划Eearliest finish time――最早可能完工时间earliest start time――最早可能开工时间economic ordering quantity formula――经济定购批量公式edge ――边effective set――有效集efficient solution――有效解efficient variable――有效变量elementary circuit――初级回路elementary path――初级通路elementary ――初等的element――元素empty set――空集entering basic variable ――进基变量equally liability method――等可能性方法equilibrium point――平衡点equipment replacement problem――设备更新问题equipment replacing problem――设备更新问题equivalence relation――等价关系equivalence――等价Erlang distribution――爱尔朗分布Euler circuit――欧拉回路Euler formula――欧拉公式Euler graph――欧拉图Euler path――欧拉通路event――事项expected value criterion――期望值准则expected value of queue length――平均排队长expected value of sojourn time――平均逗留时间expected value of team length――平均队长expected value of waiting time――平均等待时间exponential distribution――指数分布external stability――外部稳定性Ffeasible basis ――可行基feasible flow――可行流feasible point――可行点feasible region ――可行域feasible set in decision space――决策空间上的可行集feasible solution――可行解final fork――结局结点final solution――最终解finite set――有限集合flow――流following activity ――紧后工序forest――森林forward algorithm――前向算法free variable ――自由变量function iterative method――函数迭代法functional basic equation――基本函数方程function――函数fundamental circuit――基本回路fundamental cut-set――基本割集fundamental system of cut-sets――基本割集系统fundamental system of cut-sets――基本回路系统Ggame phenomenon――对策现象game theory――对策论game――对策generator――生成元geometric distribution――几何分布goal programming――目标规划graph theory――图论graph――图HHamilton circuit――哈密顿回路Hamilton graph――哈密顿图Hamilton path――哈密顿通路Hasse diagram――哈斯图hitchock method ――表上作业法hybrid method――混合法Iideal point――理想点idle period――闲期implicit enumeration method――隐枚举法in equilibrium――平衡incidence matrix――关联矩阵incident――关联indegree――入度indifference curve――无差异曲线indifference surface――无差异曲面induced subgraph――导出子图infinite set――无限集合initial basic feasible solution ――初始基本可行解initial basis ――初始基input process――输入过程Integer programming ――整数规划inventory policy―v存贮策略inventory problem―v货物存储问题inverse order method――逆序解法inverse transition method――逆转换法isolated vertex――孤立点isomorphism――同构Kkernel――核knapsack problem ――背包问题Llabeling method ――标号法latest finish time――最迟必须完工时间leaf――树叶least core――最小核心least element――最小元least spanning tree――最小生成树leaving basic variable ――出基变量lexicographic order――字典序lexicographic rule――字典序lexicographically positive――按字典序正linear multiobjective programming――线性多目标规划Linear Programming Model――线性规划模型Linear Programming――线性规划local noninferior solution――局部非劣解loop method――闭回路loop――圈loop――自环（环）loss system――损失制Mmarginal rate of substitution――边际替代率Marquart decision process――马尔可夫决策过程matching problem――匹配问题matching――匹配mathematical programming――数学规划matrix form ――矩阵形式matrix game――矩阵对策maximum element――最大元maximum flow――最大流maximum matching――最大匹配middle square method――平方取中法minimal regret value method――最小后悔值法minimum-cost flow――最小费用流mixed expansion――混合扩充mixed integer programming ――混合整数规划mixed Integer programming――混合整数规划mixed Integer ――混合整数规划mixed situation――混合局势mixed strategy set――混合策略集mixed strategy――混合策略mixed system――混合制most likely estimate――最可能时间multigraph――多重图multiobjective programming――多目标规划multiobjective simplex algorithm――多目标单纯形算法multiple optimal solutions ――多个最优解multistage decision problem――多阶段决策问题multistep decision process――多阶段决策过程Nn- person cooperative game ――n人合作对策n- person noncooperative game――n人非合作对策n probability distribution of customer arrive――顾客到达的n 概率分布natural state――自然状态nature state probability――自然状态概率negative deviational variables――负偏差变量negative exponential distribution――负指数分布network――网络newsboy problem――报童问题no solutions ――无解node――节点non-aligned game――不结盟对策nonbasic variable ――非基变量nondegenerate basic feasible solution――非退化基本可行解nondominated solution――非优超解noninferior set――非劣集noninferior solution――非劣解nonnegative constrains ――非负约束non-zero-sum game――非零和对策normal distribution――正态分布northwest corner method ――西北角法n-person game――多人对策nucleolus――核仁null graph――零图Oobjective function ――目标函数objective( indicator) function――指标函数one estimate approach――三时估计法operational index――运行指标operation――运算optimal basis ――最优基optimal criterion ――最优准则optimal solution ――最优解optimal strategy――最优策略optimal value function――最优值函数optimistic coefficient method――乐观系数法optimistic estimate――最乐观时间optimistic method――乐观法optimum binary tree――最优二元树optimum service rate――最优服务率optional plan――可供选择的方案order method――顺序解法ordered forest――有序森林ordered tree――有序树outdegree――出度outweigh――胜过Ppacking problem ――装箱问题parallel job――平行作业partition problem――分解问题partition――划分path――路path――通路pay-off function――支付函数payoff matrix――支付矩阵payoff――支付pendant edge――悬挂边pendant vertex――悬挂点pessimistic estimate――最悲观时间pessimistic method――悲观法pivot number ――主元plan branch――方案分支plane graph――平面图plant location problem――工厂选址问题player――局中人Poisson distribution――泊松分布Poisson process――泊松流policy――策略polynomial algorithm――多项式算法positive deviational variables――正偏差变量posterior――后验分析potential method ――位势法preceding activity ――紧前工序prediction posterior analysis――预验分析prefix code――前级码price coefficient vector ――价格系数向量primal problem――原问题principal of duality ――对偶原理principle of optimality――最优性原理prior analysis――先验分析prisoner’s dilemma――囚徒困境probability branch――概率分支production scheduling problem――生产计划program evaluation and review technique――计划评审技术(PERT) proof――证明proper noninferior solution――真非劣解pseudo-random number――伪随机数pure integer programming ――纯整数规划pure strategy――纯策略Qqueue discipline――排队规则queue length――排队长queuing theory――排队论Rrandom number――随机数random strategy――随机策略reachability matrix――可达矩阵reachability――可达性regular graph――正则图regular point――正则点regular solution――正则解regular tree――正则树relation――关系replenish――补充resource vector ――资源向量revised simplex method――修正单纯型法risk type decision――风险型决策rooted tree――根树root――树根Ssaddle point――鞍点saturated arc ――饱和弧scheduling (sequencing) problem――排序问题screening method――舍取法sensitivity analysis ――灵敏度分析server――服务台set of admissible decisions(policies) ――允许决策集合set of admissible states――允许状态集合set theory――集合论set――集合shadow price ――影子价格shortest path problem――最短路线问题shortest path――最短路径simple circuit――简单回路simple graph――简单图simple path――简单通路Simplex method of goal programming――目标规划单纯形法Simplex method ――单纯形法Simplex tableau――单纯形表single slack time ――单时差situation――局势situation――局势slack variable ――松弛变量sojourn time――逗留时间spanning graph――支撑子图spanning tree――支撑树spanning tree――生成树stable set――稳定集stage indicator――阶段指标stage variable――阶段变量stage――阶段standard form――标准型state fork――状态结点state of system――系统状态state transition equation――状态转移方程state transition――状态转移state variable――状态变量state――状态static game――静态对策station equilibrium state――统计平衡状态stationary input――平稳输入steady state――稳态stochastic decision process――随机性决策过程stochastic inventory method――随机贮存模型stochastic simulation――随机模拟strategic equivalence――策略等价strategic variable, decision variable ――决策变量strategy (policy) ――策略strategy set――策略集strong duality property ――强对偶性strong ε-core――强ε-核心strongly connected component――强连通分支strongly connected graph――强连通图structure variable ――结构变量subgraph――子图sub-policy――子策略subset――子集subtree――子树surplus variable ――剩余变量surrogate worth trade-off method――代替价值交换法symmetry property ――对称性system reliability problem――系统可靠性问题Tteam length――队长tear cycle method――破圈法technique coefficient vector ――技术系数矩阵test number of cell ――空格检验数the branch-and-bound technique ――分支定界法the fixed-charge problem ――固定费用问题three estimate approach一―时估计法total slack time――总时差traffic intensity――服务强度transportation problem ――运输问题traveling salesman problem――旅行售货员问题tree――树trivial graph――平凡图two person finite zero-sum game二人有限零和对策two-person game――二人对策two-phase simplex method ――两阶段单纯形法Uunbalanced transportation problem ――产销不平衡运输问题unbounded ――无界undirected graph――无向图uniform distribution――均匀分布unilaterally connected component――单向连通分支unilaterally connected graph――单向连通图union of sets――并集utility function――效用函数Vvertex――顶点voting game――投票对策Wwaiting system――等待制waiting time――等待时间weak duality property ――弱对偶性weak noninferior set――弱非劣集weak noninferior solution――弱非劣解weakly connected component――弱连通分支weakly connected graph――弱连通图weighed graph ――赋权图weighted graph――带权图weighting method――加权法win expectation――收益期望值Zzero flow――零流zero-sum game――零和对策zero-sum two person infinite game――二人无限零和对策。

航空术语缩写中英对照

E
EADI EAS ECS EDA/EMD EDP EFIS EGT EHSI ELT ESS electronic attitude direction indicator equivalent airspeed environmental control system emergency distance available (accelerate/stop at take-off) engine driven pump electronic flight instrument system exhaust gas temperature electronic horizontal situation indicator emergency locator transmitter essential 电子姿态指引仪等效空速环境控制系统可用紧急距离发动机驱动泵电子飞行仪表系统排气温度电子水平姿态指引仪紧急示位信标发射器重要的
D
DADC dc °C °F DG DME DV digital air data computer direct current degrees Celcius (Centigrade) degrees Fahrenheit directional gyro distance measuring equipment direct vision 数字式大气数据计算机直流摄氏度华氏度陀螺方向仪测距仪直视
K
Kg Kt kilogrammes knots 公斤海里/小时
L
L l lb LDA LH LOC LP left litre pounds landing distance available left hand localizer (ILS) low pressure 左升磅可用着陆距离左侧航向信标台低压

航空专业术语.

航空专业术语A-EATIS Airport Terminal Information Service 机场终端信息服务ATIS Automated（automatic） Term in al In formatio n Service 自动终端情报服务ATM Air Traffic Management 空中交通管理ATN Aeron autical Telecom muni cati ons Network 航空电信网ATNP （ICAO）Aero nautical Telecommu ni cati on Network Panel （国际民航组织）航空电信网专家组ATO Actual Time Over实际经过时间ATRK Along-Track Error 沿航线误差ATS Air Traffic Services 空中交通服务ATSC Air Traffic Services Communication 空中交通服务通信ATT Attitude 姿态AUSSAT Australian Satellite 澳大利亚卫星AUTODIN Automated Digital Network 自动化数字网络AUTOVON Automatic Voice Network 自动化话音网络AUX Auxiliary 辅助AVOL Aerodrome Visibility Operati on al Level 机场能见度运行等级AVPAC Aviation VHF Packet Communications 航空甚高频分组通信AVS Aviation Standards 航空标准AWANS Aviation Weather And NOTAM System 航空气象和航行通告系统AWOP （ICAO）All Weather Operations Panel （国际民航组织）全天候运行专家组AWOS Automated Weather Observing System 自动化气象观测系统AWP Aviation Weather Processor 航空气象处理器AWS Aviation Weather Service 航空气象服务AZ Azimuth transmitter 方位台BBARO Barometric 气压BAZ Back Azimuth 后方位，背航道BER Basic Encoding Rules 基本编码规则BER Bit Error Rate 误码率BIT Built-In-Test 机内测试BITE Built-In-Test Equipment 机内测试设备BOP Bit Oriented Protocol 面向位的协议BPS bits per seco nd每秒传送位数；每秒比特数BPSK Biphase Shift Keying 两相相移键控BRITE Bright Radar Indicator Tower Equipment 塔台高亮度雷达显示设备BRL Bearing Range Line 方位距离线BSU Beam Steeri ng Un it天线方位控制组件BUEC Backup Emergency Communications 备用紧急通信C通信C-Band Approx. 5,000MHz C 波段C/A （CA） Code Course Acquisition Code 粗获码（民用的）C/I Carrier-to-Interferenee Ratio 信号干扰比C/N Carrier-to-Noise Ratio 信噪比CA Conflict Alert 冲突告警CA GPS Course- Acquisition Code 粗捕获码（民用码）CA/MSAW Conflict Alert/Minimum Safe Altitude Warning 冲突告警/最低安全高度警告CAA Civil Aviatio n Admi nistratio n, Civil Aero nautical Authority, Civil Aviatio n Authority 民航局CAAC Ge neral Admi nistrati on of Civil Aviatio n of Ch ina 中国民用航空总局CAASD Center for Advaneed Aviation System Development（The MITRE Corporation）（MITRE 公司）高级航行系统开发中心CAB Civil Aeronautical Bureau 民航局CARF Central Altitude Reservation Function 中央飞行高度保留功能CARs Civil Air Regulations 民用航空规则CASITAF CNS/ATM implementation task force 新航行系统实施特别工作组CAT Category仪表着陆等级CAT I Category I 一类仪表着陆CAT n Category n 二类仪表着陆CAT川a Category川a三类a级仪表着陆CAT川b Category川b三类b级仪表着陆CAT川c Category川c三类c级仪表着陆CATC Civil Aviation Training Center 民航培训中心CATMAC Co-operative Air Traffic Management Concept 空中交通管理合作方案CBA Cost/Benefit Analysis 成本效益分析C-BAND The frequency range between 4000 and 8000MHz 4000 至U 8000MHz 频段CBI Computer Based Instruction 计算机基本指令CBT Computer-Based Training 计算机辅助训练CC Conn ection Confirm 联接确认CCA Continental Control Area 大陆管制区CCC蜂窝式CNS概念CCD Consolidated Cab Display 综合机舱显示器CCIR International Radio Consultative Committee 国际无线电咨询委员会CCITT International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee 国际电报电话咨询委员会CCP Contin ge ncy Comma nd Post 应急指挥站CCWS Com mon con troller workstatio n 通用管制员工作站CD Common Digitizer通用数字化仪设备CDC Computer Display Channel 计算机显示通道CDI Course Deviation Indicator 偏航指示器CDM Code division multiplex 码分复用CDM Continuous Delta Modulation 连续增量调制CDMA Code Division Multiple Access 码分多址CDT Con trolled Departure Times 管制离场时间CDTI Cockpit Display of Traffic Information 驾驶舱交通信息显示CDU Co ntrol Display Un it 控制显示组件CEP Circular error probability 圆概率误差CERAC Combined Center Radar Approach Control 雷达进近管制联合中心CFCC Central Flow Control Computer 中央流量管制计算机CFCF Central Flow Control Facility 中央流量管制设施（功能）CFDPS Compact Flight Data Processing System 小型飞行数据处理系统CFWP Central Flow Weather Processor 中央流量气象处理机CFWSU Ce ntral Flow Weather Service Un it中央流量气象服务单元（组件）CHI Computer Human In terface 机人接口CIDIN Com mon ICAO Data In tercha nge Network国际民航组织公用数据交换网CIS Cooperative independent surveillanee 合作式独立监视CLAM Cleared Level Adhere nee Mon itori ng 放行高度保持监视CLB Climb 爬升CLK Clock 时钟CLNP Connectionless Network Protocol 无连接网络规程（协议）CLR Clear 清除CMC Central Maintenance Computer 中央维护计算机CMD Comma nd 命令CMS Cabin Management System 机舱管理系统CMU Com mun icatio ns Ma nageme nt Un it 通信管理单元CNDB Customized Navigation Database 用户导航数据库CNS Consolidated NOTAM System 综合航行通告系统CNS/ATM Communication Navigation, Surveillance/Air Traffic Management 通信导航监视/空中交通管理CODEC Coder/Decoder 编码器/解码器COM/MET/OPS Communication/ Meteorology/ Operations 通信/气象/运行COMLO Compass Locator罗盘定位器；罗盘示位信标COMM Communication 通信COMP Compressor 压缩器COMSEC Communications Security 通信保安CON Continuous 连续CONUS Continental, Contiguous, or Conterminous United States 美国大陆本部（四十八州）COP Change Over Point 转换点COP Character Oriented Protocol 面向字符协议COTS Commercial Off-the-Shelf 商业货架产品供应CPDLC Controller Pilot Data Link Communications 管制员驾驶员数据链通信CPFSK Continuous Phase Frequency Shift Keying 连续相位频移键控CR Conn ection Request 联接申请CRA Conflict Resolution Advisory 冲突解脱咨询CRC Cyclic Redundant Check 循环冗余校验CRCO Central Route Charges Office中央航路收征费办公室CRM C Referenee Model C 参考模式CRM Collision Risk Modeling 碰撞危险模型CRM Crew Resource Management 机组人员安排CRT Cathode Ray Tube 阴极射线管CRZ Cruise 巡航CSA Standard Accurate Channel 标准精度通道CSE Course Setting Error 航线设定误差CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access （datalink protocol）载波侦听多址访问C/SOIT Communication/ Surveillanee Operational Implementation Team 通信监视运行实施小组（美国）CTA Calculated Time of Arrival 计算到达时间CTA Control Area 管制区CTAS Central Tracon Automation System中央终端雷达进近管制自动系统CTL Control 控制CTMO Central traffic Management Organization 中央交通流量管理组织CTMO Centralized Traffic Management Organization 中央交通管理组织CTOL Conven tio nal Take Off and Lan di ng 常规起飞着陆CTR Control zone 管制地带CTS Control Tracking Station 控制跟踪站CU Control Unit 控制单元C§W Control and Warning 控制和告警CW Carrier Wave 载波CWI Continuous Wave Interferenee 连续波干扰CWP Central Weather Processor 中央气象处理器CWSU Center Weather Service Unit 中央气象服务单元DD/A Digital-to-Analog 数/模转换DABS Discrete Addressable Beacon System 离散寻址信标系统DADC Digital Air Data Computer数字大气数据计算机D-ATIS Digital Automatic Termin al In formatio n Service 数字自动终端信息服务DA Decision Addressing beacon system 决断寻址信标系统DA Dema nd Assig nment 按需分配DA/H Decision Altitude（Height）决断高度DARC Direct Access Radar Channel 直接存取雷达信道DARP Dynamic Air Route Planning 动态航线计划DARPS Dynamic Aircraft （Air） Route Planning Study 动态飞机航线计划研究DC Departure Clearanee 离场放行许可DC Direct Current 直流（电）DCC Display Channel Complex 显示通道组合DCIU Data Co ntrol In terface Unit 数据控制接口单元DCL Departure Clearanee Delivery 起飞许可传送DCPC Direct Controller Pilot Communication 管制员驾驶员直接通信DES Data Encryption Standard 数据加密标准DF Directi on Finder 测向器DFCS Digital Flight Control System 数字飞行控制系统DFDAU Digital Flight Data Acquisitio n Un it 数字飞行数据采集单元DGCA Director-General Civil Aviation 民航局长DGNSS Differential Global Navigation Satellite System 差分全球导航卫星系统DGPS Differential Global Positioning System 差分全球定位系统DH Decision Height 决断高度DIP Diplexer 双工器DL Data Link 数据链DLAC Data Link Applications Coding 数据链应用编码DLAS Differential GNSS Instrument Approach System 差分GNSS 仪表进近系统DLK data link 数据链DLORT FAA Data Link Operational Requirements Team FAA 数据链运行要求工作组DMAP ICAO Data Link Mobile Applications Panel（proposed）国际民航组织数据链移动应用专家组（建议）DME Distanee Measuring Equipment 测距设备DME/N Distanee Measuring Equipment/Normal 标准测距设备DME/P Distanee Measuring Equipment/Precision 精密测距设备DMU Data Man ageme nt Un it 数据管理单元DO （DOC）Document 记录（文件）DOD Department of Defense （美国）国防部DOP Dilution of Precision 精度扩散因子DOT Department of Transportation （美国）运输部DOTS Dynamic Ocean Tracking System 动态海洋跟踪系统DP Disconnect Request 分离拆线请求DPF Data Processing Function 数据处理功能D8PSK Differential Eight-Phase Shift Keying 差分8 相移键控DPSK Differential Phase Shift Keying 差分相移键控DRMS Distanee Root Mean Square 距离均方根值DRN Document Release Notice 文件发放通告DSB —AM Double Sideband Amplitude 双边带调幅DSDU Data Sig nal Display Un it 数据信号显示单元DSP Departure Sequencing Program 起飞排序计划；离港排序计划DT Data数据DTE Data Terminal Equipment 数据终端设备DT&E Development Test and Evaluation 开发测试和评估DTF Data Test Facility 数据检测设备DTG待飞距离DTN Data Tran sport Network 数据传输网络DUAT Direct User Access Term in al 用户直接存取终端DVOR Doppler Very high frequency Omni-directional Range 多普勒甚高频全向信标EEANPG European Air Navigation Planning Group 欧洲航行规划小组E-DARC Enhanced Direct Access Radar Channel 增强的直接存取雷达信道EARTS En route Automated Radar Tracking System 航路自动化雷达跟踪系统EASIE En ha need ATM and Mode S Impleme ntatio n in Europe欧洲S模式和增强的空中交通管理实施项目EATCHIP European ATC Harmonization Implementation Program 欧洲空中交通管制协调实施计划EATMS European Air Traffic Management System 欧洲空中交通管理系统ECAC European Civil Aviation Conference 欧洲民航会议ECEF地心地固坐标EDCT Estimated Departure Clearanee Time 预计离港起飞放行时间EET Estimated Elapsed Time 预计经过时间EFAS En route Flight Advisory Service 航路飞行咨询服务EFAS Extended Final Approach Segment 扩展最后进近段EFIS Electronic Flight Instrument System 电子飞行仪表系统EFC Expect Further Clearanee 预期进一步放行许可EFIS Electronic Flight Information System 电子飞行情报系统EGNOS European global navigation overlay system 欧洲全球导航重迭系统EHSI Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator 电子平面状态显示器EIRP Equivale nt Isotropic Radiate Power 等效各向同性辐射功率EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture 扩展的工业标准结构EL Elevation Transmitter 仰角台ELOD En route sector Load航路扇区负载管制飞机数量ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter 紧急示位发射机EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility 电磁兼容EMI Electromagnetic Interferenee 电磁干扰ENRI Electronic Navigation Research Institute (日本)电子导航研究所EOF Emergency Operations Facility 应急运行设施EPA Environmental Protection Agency 环境保护署ER Error 误差ERL Environmental Research Laboratories 环境研究实验室ERM En Route Metering 航路计量管制ERN Earth Refereneed Navigation 大地参考导航ERP Effective Radiated Power 有效幅射功率ES End System终端系统ESA European Space Agency 欧洲航天局ESCAN Electronic Scanning(radar antenna)ESMMC En ha need SMMC 增强的系统维护监视台ESP En route Spaci ng Program 航路间隔计划EST Estimated message 预计信息ETA Estimated Time of Arrival 预计到达时间ETB Estimated Time of Boundary 预计边界时间ETD Estimated Time of Departure 预计离港时间ETG En ha need Target Gen erator增强的显示目标产生器ETN Estimated Time of Entry 预计进入时间ETO Estimated Time Over 预计飞越时间ETSI Europea n Telecom muni cati ons Stan dards In stitute 欧洲电信标准学会EU European Union 欧洲联盟EURATN European ATN欧洲航空电信网EUROCAE European Organization for Civil Aviation Electronics 欧洲民用航空电子学组织EUROCONTROL European Organization for the Safety of Air Navigation 欧洲航行安全组织（欧安局） EVS Enhanced Vision System 增强视景系统EWAS En-route Weather Advisory Service 航路气象咨询服务整理者：前——中央电大畅销书翻译、西安交大畅销书翻译、第19届北京国际书展嘉宾、新东方在线产品经理，中国日报英文编辑记者。

飞行英语词组

飞行英语词组第一章machine-powered flight 机械动力飞行pressurized cabin 增加座舱civilian aircraft 民用飞机jet propulsion 喷气推进transoceanic flight 跨洋飞行航空器运行aircraft operation平均速度average speed跨大陆飞行transcontinental flight军用飞机military aircraft环球飞行round-the-world flight第二章landing gear 起落架vertical stabilizer 垂直安定面rotating force 旋转力trim tab 配平调整片lifting surface 升力面巡航飞行cruising flight前三点式起落架tricycle gear产生电能generate electrical power单发飞机single-engine airplane 空气流动air flow第三章launch pad 发射台spatial position 空间位置force and moment 力与力矩rotor blade 转子叶片supersonic flow 超音速流风洞wind tunnel质量守恒conservation of mass 流场flow field冲击波shock wave最小马赫数minimum mach第四章static pressure 静压angle of bank 倾斜角rate of turn 转弯率level flight 水平飞行indicator pointer 指示器指针大气压力atmospheric pressure飞行数据flight data姿态指示仪attitude indicator升降速度表vertical speed indicator 飞行员的视线pilot's line of sight第五章propulsion system 推进系统auxiliary power units 辅助动力系统rotating shaft 旋转轴fuel combustion 燃料燃烧piston-driven aircraft 活塞式飞机军用战斗机military fighter巡航速度cruising speed产生推力generate thrust提高燃油效率improve fuel efficiency 导管螺旋桨ducted propeller第六章nose over 拿大顶ground loop 打地转center of gravity 重心tailwheel landing gear 后三点式起落架foot pedal 脚踏板前三点式起落架飞机tricycle landing gear airplane 差动刹车differential braking减震支柱shock strut定向控制directional control起落架报警gear warning horn第七章fly by wire 线传操控Ram Air Turbine 冲压空气涡轮constant-speed propeller 定速螺旋桨selector valve 选择阀门rotary actuator 旋转式作动装置作动筒actuator cylinder安全阀safety valve单动式伺服single acting servo防滑刹车系统anti-skid brake system液压泵hydraulic pump第八章fuel selector valve 燃油选择阀fuel starvation 燃油耗尽float level gauge 浮子液位测量仪refueling system 加油系统boost pump 增压泵负压negative pressure燃油载量fuel load通用航空general aviation燃油控制阀flow valve发动机引气engine bleed air第九章pilot an aircraft 领航radio navigation aids 无线电导航设备aeronautical chart 航图the magnetic variation 磁差inertial navigation systems 惯性导航系统空中营救infight rescue空中交通管制air traffic control最低安全高度minimum safe altitude航向指示器heading indicator信息反馈information feedback第十章radio call 无线电呼叫radiotelephony communication无线电通话radio terminology 无线电术语air miss 危险接近standard phraseology 标准用语商用飞机commercial aircraft危险的后果dangerous consequence复诵放行许可read back the clearance发现错误pick up the error国内航班domestic flight第十一章anti-collision system防撞系统military combat aircraft 军用作战飞机aircraft intercoms 内部通话系统glass cockpit玻璃座舱auto stabilization自动安定飞行操作系统flight control system自动飞行控制automated flight control交通警戒防撞系统Traffic Alert And Collision Avoidance System 雷达高度计radar altimeter发动机监测系统engine monitoring system第十二章inactive runway 未使用的跑道holding areas 等待区departure gate 登机口Terminal Control Center 终端管制中心inbound aircraft 进港的飞机放行许可delivery clearance开始滑行commence taxiing雷达进近radar approach飞行路线flight route飞行高度限制altitude restriction第十三章Aeronautical Information Service (AIS) 航空情报服务Aeronautical Information Circulars (AIC) 航行资料通报data-dependant on-board navigation system 依赖数据的机载导航系统file transfer 文件传输Required Navigation Performance (RNP) 所需导航性能一体化航空情报系列资料integrated aeronautical information package （IAIP）航行通告NOTAM （Notice to Airmen）数据分发data distribution航空情报管理aeronautical information management（AIM）区域导航area navigation（RNAV）第十四章special use airspace 专用空域Visual Flight Rules（VFR）目视飞行规则controlled airspace 管制空域Terminal Radar Service Areas（TRSA）终端雷达服务区lower airspace 低空空域给定航线designated route仪表飞行规则instrument flight rules (IFR)平均海平面高度mean sea level离地高度above ground level双向无线电通信two way radio communication第十五章crew resource making 班组资源管理situation awareness 情景意识decision making 决策first officer 副驾驶walks of life 各行各业人际沟通interpersonal communication飞行安全flight safety任务分析mission analysis驾驶舱通话记录cockpit voice recording组织文化organizational culture第十六章fixed base operator 固定基地运营者clearance delivery 放行许可Precision Approach Radar (PAR) 精密进近雷达Visual Approach Slope Indicator (VASI) 目视进近坡度指示器Approach Lighting System (ALS) 进近灯光系统航站楼terminal building测距仪distance measuring equipment (DME)甚高频全向信标VHF omni-directional range (VOR)仪表着陆系统instrument landing system (ILS)交通流量traffic flow第十七章mutual benefit 互惠互利full-service airline 提供全面服务的航空公司low cost airline 廉价航空hub airport 枢纽机场long-distance route 长途航线航空运营人运行合格证air operator＇s certificate 航空保险aviation insurance定期航班scheduled flight航空运输服务air transport service地面交通surface traffic第十八章winds aloft 高空风Clear Air Turbulence (CAT) 晴空湍流Pilot Reports (PIREPS) 飞行员报告high wind 疾风temperature gradient 温度梯度连锁反应chain reaction耗油量fuel consumption终端区域terminal area风切变wind shear对流天气convective weather。

机械图纸中常用词汇英语缩写

机械图纸英语翻译以下是我在工作中常用的ALL WELDS CONTINUOUS UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED. 未注焊缝均为连续焊ALL WELDS 3mm FILLET UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED 未注焊角高3mm. ALL UNSPECIFIED RADI - R3 未注圆角R3REMOVE ALL BURRS AND SHARP EDGES 棱角倒钝CHANNEL 槽钢RSA 708 角钢70X70X8 pitch 的锥螺纹Tackweld 点焊OD 1/4" outside dimension 1/4"的缩写外径直1/4"75 CRS 尺寸为75 材质为冷轧钢板410 OPENING REF 410 开口参考尺寸40 REF 尺寸为40,参考值" BSP ” 圆锥管螺纹" BSPT HEXAGON ” 六角圆锥管螺纹(即对丝)FLAT BAR 扁钢TYP 2 POSNS 2处11 TOTAL COILS WORKING COILS HAND WOUND ONLY,END COILS SQUARE TO TOUCH.总圈数约11圈；工作圈数约9圈；右旋；弹簧的端部磨平以便于接触.(此为弹簧技术说明)FEMALE: 内扣(母扣)MALE: 外扣(公扣)偏心轴eccentric shaft销轴PIN开口销COTTER PIN螺杆screw紧定螺钉SET SCREW圆螺母ROUND NUT内六角螺钉SOCKET HEAD CAP SCREW六角螺钉HEX HD SETSCREW 六角螺栓HEX HD BOLT挡圈closing ring弹性挡圈circlip轴承隔套distance sleeve of axletree轴承axletree深沟球轴承DEEP GROOVE BALL BEARING无扣长non-buckle longth弹簧SPRING吊环螺钉LIFTING EYE BOLT开槽盘头螺钉SLOTTED PAN HEAD SCREW圆锥滚子轴承TAPERED ROLLER BEARING推力球轴承THRUST BALL BEARING平键FLA T KEY弹簧垫圈SINGLE COIL SPRING WASHER 平垫圈FLAT WASHER螺母FULL NYLOCK NUT圆螺母ROUND NUTREMOVE ALL BURRS AND SHARP EDGES 所有尖角/棱角倒角并去毛刺40 REF 为测量的参考尺寸OD 1/4’ outside dimension 1/4"的缩写外径直1/4’------->应该为：外径值1/4"75 CRS 尺75 材质为冷轧钢板------->应该为：尺寸75 材质为冷轧钢板我见过18GA(.048")CRS、16GA(.060)CRS、14GA(.075)CRS，其中GA是表示厚度的，但与英寸的关系还没研究明白；照此推算75是相当薄的缩写全称翻译ACCESS Accessory 附件ADJ Adjustable,Adjust 调整ADPT Adapter 使适应ADV Advance 提前AL Aluminum 铝ALLOW Allowance 允许ALT Alternate 改变ALY Alloy 合金AMT Amout 数量ANL Anneal 锻炼ANSL Amer Natl Stds Institute ？APPROX Approximate 大约ASME Amer Society of Mech Engrs ？ASSEM Assemble 装配ASSY Assembly 装配AUTH Authorized 授权的AUTO Automatic 自动的AUX Auxiliary 辅助的A VG Average 平均AWG American Wire Gauge ？BC Bolt Circle 螺栓圆周BET Between 之间BEV Bevel 斜角BHN Brinell Hardness Number 布氏硬度值BLK Blank ,Block 空白B/NM Bill of Material 材料费BOT Bottom 底部BP or B/P Blueprint 蓝图BRG Bearing 轴承BRK Break 破裂BRKT Bracket 支架BRO Broach 钻孔BRS Brass 黄铜BRZ Bronze 青铜B＆S Brown＆Shape 棕色＆形状BSC Basic 基本的BUSH Bushing 套管BWG Birmingham Wire Gauge ？C TO C Center-to-Center 中心到中心CAD Computer-Aided Drafting 电脑辅助设计CAM Computer-Aided Mfg ？CAP Capacity 容量CAP SCR Cap Screw 螺帽CARB Carburize 使渗碳CBORE Counterbore 扩孔CCW Counter Clockwise 逆时针CDRILL Counerdrill ？CDS Cold-Drawn Steel？缩写全称翻译EFF Effective 有效的ENCL Enclose,Enclosure 附上ENG Engine 引擎ENGR Engineer 工程师ENGRG Engineering 工程学EQLSP Equally Spaced 等距EQUIV Equivalent 相等EST Estimate 估计EX Extra 额外EXH Exhaust 消耗EXP Experimental 实验性的EXT Exension,External 范围,外部FAB Fabricate 伪造FAO Finish All Over ？FDRY Foundry 铸造FIG Figure 数据FIL Fillet,fillister 带子FIM Full Indicator Movement ？FIN Finish ？FLX Fixture 结构FLX ,Flush 基地,液体,冲洗FLEX Flexible 易弯曲的FLG Flange 边缘FORG Forging 锻炼FR Frame,Front 边框FIG Fitting 装置FURN Furnish 提供FWD Forward 向前GA Gage,Gauge 测量GALV Galvanized 电镀GR Grade 等级GRD Grind 磨碎GRV Groove 凹槽GSKT Gasket 垫圈H＆G Harden and Grind 加硬和磨碎HD Head 主要的HDL Handle 处理HDLS Headless 无领导的HDN Harden 使硬化HDW Hardware 硬件HEX Hexagon 六边形HGR Hanger 衣架HGT Height 高度HOR Horizontal 水平的HRS Hot-Rolled Steel ？HSG Housing 外罩HT TR Heat Treal我见过18GA(.048")CRS、16GA(.060)CRS、14GA(.075)CRS，其中GA是表示厚度的，但与英寸的关系还没研究明白；照此推算75是相当薄的缩写全称翻译ACCESS Accessory 附件ADJ Adjustable,Adjust 调整ADPT Adapter 使适应ADV Advance 提前AL Aluminum 铝ALLOW Allowance 允许ALT Alternate 改变ALY Alloy 合金AMT Amout 数量ANL Anneal 锻炼ANSL Amer Natl Stds Institute ？APPROX Approximate 大约ASME Amer Society of Mech Engrs ？ASSEM Assemble 装配ASSY Assembly 装配AUTH Authorized 授权的AUTO Automatic 自动的AUX Auxiliary 辅助的A VG Average 平均AWG American Wire Gauge ？BC Bolt Circle 螺栓圆周BET Between 之间BEV Bevel 斜角BHN Brinell Hardness Number 布氏硬度值BLK Blank ,Block 空白B/NM Bill of Material 材料费BOT Bottom 底部BP or B/P Blueprint 蓝图BRG Bearing 轴承BRK Break 破裂BRKT Bracket 支架BRO Broach 钻孔BRS Brass 黄铜BRZ Bronze 青铜B＆S Brown＆Shape 棕色＆形状BSC Basic 基本的BUSH Bushing 套管BWG Birmingham Wire Gauge ？C TO C Center-to-Center 中心到中心CAD Computer-Aided Drafting 电脑辅助设计CAM Computer-Aided Mfg ？CAP Capacity 容量CAP SCR Cap Screw 螺帽CARB Carburize 使渗碳CBORE Counterbore 扩孔CCW Counter Clockwise 逆时针CDRILL Counerdrill ？CDS Cold-Drawn Steel？缩写全称翻译EFF Effective 有效的ENCL Enclose,Enclosure 附上ENG Engine 引擎ENGR Engineer 工程师ENGRG Engineering 工程学EQLSP Equally Spaced 等距EQUIV Equivalent 相等EST Estimate 估计EX Extra 额外EXH Exhaust 消耗EXP Experimental 实验性的EXT Exension,External 范围,外部FAB Fabricate 伪造FAO Finish All Over ？FDRY Foundry 铸造FIG Figure 数据FIL Fillet,fillister 带子FIM Full Indicator Movement ？FIN Finish ？FLX Fixture 结构FLX ,Flush 基地,液体,冲洗FLEX Flexible 易弯曲的FLG Flange 边缘FORG Forging 锻炼FR Frame,Front 边框FIG Fitting 装置FURN Furnish 提供FWD Forward 向前GA Gage,Gauge 测量GALV Galvanized 电镀GR Grade 等级GRD Grind 磨碎GRV Groove 凹槽GSKT Gasket 垫圈H＆G Harden and Grind 加硬和磨碎HD Head 主要的HDL Handle 处理HDLS Headless 无领导的HDN Harden 使硬化HDW Hardware 硬件HEX Hexagon 六边形HGR Hanger 衣架HGT Height 高度HOR Horizontal 水平的HRS Hot-Rolled Steel ？HSG Housing 外罩HT TR Heat Treal ？？？？？？？？？？缩写全称翻译NTS Not to Scale ？OA Over All 所有OBS Obsotetc ？OC On Center ？OD Outside Diameter 外直径OPP Opposite 对立OPTL Optional 可选择的OR Outside Radius 外半径ORIG Original 初始的PAT. Patent 专利PATT Pattern 形式PC Piece,Pitch Circle 件，节距圆PCH Punch 打孔PD Pitch Diameter ？PERF Perforate 打孔PERM Permanent 永久的PERP Perpendicular 垂直的PFD Preferred 首选的PKG Package,Packing 包装PL Parting Line,Places,Plate ？PNEU Pncumatic ？PNL Panel 面板POL Polish 磨光POS Position,Postive 位置PR Pair 对立PRI Primary 基本的PROC Process 程序PROD Product,Production 产品，产量PSI Pounds per Square Inch ？PT Part,Point 零件，点QTR Quarter 四份之一QTY Quantity 数量QUAL Quality 质量R Radius 半径RA Rockwell Harden,A-Scale ？RB Rockwell Harden,B-Scale ？RC Rockwell Harden,C-Scale ？RECD Received 巳收到的RECT Rectangle 长方形REF Reference 相关的REINF Reinforce 增强REL Release,Relief 释放，缓解REM Remove 移除REQD Requird 有需要REE Retainer,Return ？REV Reverse,Revision,Revolution ？RFS Regardless of Feature Size ？RGH Rough 粗糙的RH Right Hand 右手RIV Rivet 起皱RM Ream 扩展RND Round 周围RPM Revolutions per Minute ？RPW Resistance Projection Weld ？SAE Society of Automotive Engrs ？SCH Schedule 进度表CFS Cold-Finished SteelCH Case HardenCHAM Chamfer 斜面CHAN Channel 渠道CHG Change 改变CHK Check 核查CI Cast Iron 铸铁CIR Circle, Circular 圆周CIRC Circumference 圆周CL Centerline 中心线CLP Clamp 夹子CNC Computer Numerical Control 电脑数值控制COMB Combination 联合COML Commercial 商业的CONC Concentric 同中心的CONN Connect,Connector 连接器COV Cover 盖子CPLG Coupling 联结CQ Commercial Quality 商业等级钢CRS Cold Stds AssociationCRT Cathode Ray Tube 阴级射线管CS Cast Steel 铸铁CSA Canadian Stds AssociationCSK Countersink 埋头孔CSTG Casting 铸件CTR Center 中心CU Cubic 立方米CW Clockwise 顺时针CYL Cylinder,Cylindrical 柱面DBL Double 双倍DEC Decimal 小数DEG Degree 摄氏度DET Detail 详情DEV Develop 发展DFT Draft 草稿DIA Diameter 直径DIM Dimension 尺寸DIST Distance 距离DN Down 向下DP Deep,Diametral Pitch 深度,径节DR Drill,Drill Rod 钻孔DSGN Design 设计DVTL Dovetail 吻合DWG Drawing 图纸DWL Dowel 木钉DWN Drawn 拔出EA Each 每个ECC Eccentric 古怪缩写全称翻译HVY Heavy 重量HYD Hydraulic 水压ID Inside Diameter 内部直径IDENT Identification 鉴定ILLUS Illustration 说明IN Inch 英寸INCL Include,Including 包括INCR Increase 增加INFO Information 信息INSP Inspect 检查INSTL Install 安装INST Instruct,Instrument 指示,工具INT Interior,Internal,Intersect 内部的,内在的,交叉IR Inside Radius 内部半径ISO Internal Stds Organization 国际标准化组织JCT Junction 连结JNT Journal 杂志JT Joint 连接K Key 关键KNRL Knurl 硬节KST KeyseatKWY Keyway 键沟LB Pound 英镑LBL Label 标签LG Length,Long 长度LH Left Hand 左手LMC Least Material ConditionLOC Locate 位于LT Light 光LTR Letter 信LUB Lubricate 润滑MACH Machine 机器MAINT Maintenance 维护MATL Material 材料MAX Maximum 最大MECH Mechanical,Mechanism 机械MED Medium 媒介MFG Manufacturing 制造业MI Malleable Iron 可锻造的铁MIN Minimum, Minute 最小，秒MISC Miscellaneous 混杂的MM Millimeter 毫米MMC Max Material ConditionMS Machine SteelMTG Mouting 装备MULT Multiple 倍数MWG Music Wire GagugNA Not Applicable 不可应用的NATL National 国内的NC Numerical Control 数字电脑控制NEG Negative 忽略的NO. Number 号码NOM Nominal 名义上的NPSM Natl Pipe Straight MechNPT Natl Pipe Tapered缩写全称翻译SCR Screw 螺丝SEC Second 秒SECT Section 部分SEP Separate 独立SEQ Sequence 顺序SER Serial,Series 系列SERR Serrate 锯齿状SF SpotfaceSFT Shaft 轴SGL Single 单个SH Sheet 纸SI Intl System of UnitsSL Slide 使滑动SLV Sleeve 袖子SOC Socket 插座SP Space,Spaced,Spare 空间SPL Special 特别SPEC Specification 规格SPG Spring 跳SPHER Spherical 球体SPRKT Sprocket 链轮齿SQ Square 平方SST Stainless Steel 纯铁STD Standard 标准STK Stock 存货STL Steel 铁STR Straight,Strip 直的SUB Substitute 替代物SUP Supply,Support 供应SURF Surface 表面SYM Symmetrical 对称的SYS System 系统T Teeth,Tooth 牙齿TECH Technical 技术TEMP Template,Temporary 模板，暂时的THD Thread 线THK Thick 厚的TOL Tolerance 公差TOT Total 总计TPF Taper per FootTPI Taper per In,Threads per InchTPR Taper 锥形TS Tool SteelTYP Typical 典型UNC Unified Natl CoarseUNEF Unified Natl Extra FineUNF Unified Natl FineUNIV Universal 普遍VAR Variable 变量VERT Vertical 垂直的VOL V olume 音量VS Versus 与．．相对W Wide,Width 宽度WASH Washer 洗衣机WDF Woodruff 车叶草WI Wrought Iron 熟铁WT Weight 重量齿轮及齿轮加工中英文对照-A部分A.1. abrasive tooth wear 齿面研磨磨损2. absolute tangential velocity 绝对切向速度3. accelerometer 加速表4. addendum 齿顶高5. addendum angle 齿顶角6. addendum circle 齿顶圆7. addendum surface 上齿面8. adhesive wear 粘着磨损9. adjustability 可调性10. adjustability coefficients 可调系数11. adjusting wedge 圆盘端铣刀的可调型楔块12. allowable stress 允许应力13. alternate blade cutter 双面刀盘14. angular backlash 角侧隙15. angular bevel gears 斜交锥齿轮16. angular displacement 角移位17. angular pitch 齿端距18. angular testing machine 可调角度试验机19. approach action 啮入20. arbor 心轴21. arbor distance 心轴距22. arc of approach 啮入弧23. arc of recess 啮出弧24. attraction 收紧25. average cutter diameter 平均刀尖直径26. axial displacement 轴向位移27. axial factor 轴向系数28. axial locating surface 轴向定位面29. axial pitch 轴向齿距30. axial plane 轴向平面31. axial rakeangle 轴向前角32. axial thrust 轴向推力33. axle testing machine 传动桥试验机第4楼Piping work: 铺管工程Steam trace: 加热蒸汽管道Cutting: 切割socket weld 承插焊接fillet weld 角焊,填角焊branch connection 分支接续fabrication tolerance .制造容差local heat treatment 局部热处理threaded pipe 螺纹管seal welding 密封焊接flange joint 凸缘接头undercut 底切feeder 馈电线conduit outlet 电线引出口seal fitting 密封接头, 密封配件Screw thread lubricant 螺纹润滑剂Seal 绝缘层weld reinforcement 焊缝补强lock washer 锁紧[止动, 防松]垫圈electrical panel 配电板,配电盘nipple 螺纹接头zinc plated 镀锌的ring joint 环接, 围缘接合bolt 螺栓control 控制器National Electrical Code 全国电气规程master schedule 主要图表, 综合图表, 设计任务书, 主要作业表torque wrench 转矩扳手job site 施工现场flange connection 凸缘联接Hard hat 安全帽Goggles 护目镜Stockpile 贮存packing list 装箱单crate 柳条箱purchased material list 原材料进货单back-feed 反馈wire coil 线盘线卷NPT thread 美国标准锥管螺纹cable gland 电缆衬垫terminal block 线弧, 接头排接线盒, 接线板, 线夹power drill 机械钻connector 接线器insulated sleeve 绝缘套管wire connector 接线器wire terminal 电线接头control wiring 控制线路motor lead 电动机引出线power wiring 电力布线tender document 提供证件orifice plate 挡板nut 螺母flange gasket 法兰垫片dimensional inspection 尺寸检验burn through 烧蚀piping system 管道系统reinforcement of weld 加强焊缝械专业词汇表"机械(常用)""abrasion, abrasive wear","磨料磨损" "active force, applied force","作用力" "actual size","实际尺寸""addendum angle","齿顶角" "addendum","齿顶高""addendum modification","径向变位" "addendum modification (for external gears)","径向变位量""addendum modification coefficient","径向变位系数""additive ","添加剂""adhesion wear","黏着磨损""adjusted rating life","修正额定寿命" "aerodynamic bearing","气体静压滑动轴承" "air spring","空气弹簧""angle drive","角度传动""angle of contact","包角""angle of transmission","作用角""angular bevel gear ","斜交锥齿轮" "angular contact bearing","角接触推力轴承" "angular contact bearing","角接触轴承""anti-friction bearing material","减磨轴承材料" "approach, engaging-in","啮入" "archimedes spiral","阿基米德螺线" "attitude angle","偏位角""auto-controlled clutch","自控离合器""axial load factor","轴向载荷系数""axial modification","齿向修形""axial module","轴向模数""axial pitch","轴向齿距""axial plane","轴平面""axial plane of wormwheel","蜗轮轴平面" "axial profile","轴向齿廓""back cone","背锥面""back cone angle","背锥角""back cone distance","中点锥距""back cone tooth profile","背锥齿廓""back to back arrangement (rolling bearing)","背对背配置(滚动轴承)""balancing mass","平衡质量""ball oscillating teeth","滚珠活齿""ball screw","滚珠丝杠""ball screw","滚珠丝杠""ball bearing","球轴承""band brake","带式制动器""base circle","基圆""base helix","基圆螺旋线""base tangent length","公法线长度""basic profile","基本牙型""basic rack","基本齿条""basic rack tooth profile","基本齿廓""basic rating life","基本额定寿命" "basic size","基本尺寸""bath lubrication","油浴润滑""bathtub curve","浴盆曲线" "bearing","轴承""bearing axial load","轴承轴向载荷" "bearing bore diameter","轴承内径" "bearing bush","轴套""Bearing characteristic number","轴承特性系数""bearing liner","轴承衬""bearing load carrying capacity","轴承承载能力""bearing mean specific load","轴承压强" "bearing outside diameter","轴承外径" "bearing radial load","轴承径向载荷" "bearing ring","轴承套圈""bearing series (rolling bearing)","轴承系列(滚动轴承)""bearing width","轴承宽度""bearing with solid lubricant","固体润滑滑动轴承""belleville spring","碟形弹簧""belt drive","带传动""belt length","带长""bending vibration","弯曲振动""bevel gear","锥齿轮""bevel gear with axes at right angles","正交锥齿轮""bevel gear with circular arc tooth profile","双重锥度齿锥齿轮""bevel gear with circular arc tooth profile","圆弧齿廓锥齿轮""bevel gear with standard taoered tooth profile","正常锥度齿锥齿轮""bevel gear with straight tooth profile","直线齿廓锥齿轮""bevel gear wuth 90° face angle","平顶齿轮" "block brake","块式制动器""block chain","块链""bobed bearing","多油叶滑动轴承" "bolt","螺栓""bottom clearance","顶隙""bottom land","齿槽底面""boundary dimension (rolling bearing)","外形尺寸(滚动轴承)""boundary lubrication ","边界摩擦" "brake","制动器""brake drum","制动鼓""brake lining","制动衬片""brake piece","制动块""brake shoe","制动蹄""brake-band clutch","闸带离合器""bush chain","套筒链""cage","保持架""cam","凸轮""cam contour, cam profile","凸轮工作轮廓" "cam follower","凸轮从动件""cam pitch curve","凸轮理论轮廓" "Cavitation wear","气蚀磨损""center distance","中心距""center distance modification coefficient","中心距变动系数""center gear","中心轮""centric slider-crank mechanism","对心曲柄滑块机构""centrifugal clutch","离心离合器" "centrifugal tension","离心拉力" "centrifugal force","离心力""centrode mechanism","瞬心线机构" "Ceramic friction material ","金属陶瓷" "chain","链条""chain coupling","链条联轴器""chain transmission","链传动" "chainwheel, sprocket","链轮""chordal height","弦齿高""circular arc profile","圆弧齿廓""circular helix","圆柱螺旋线""circular-arc gear","圆弧圆柱齿轮" "Circulating lubrication","循环润滑" "circumferential backlash","圆周侧隙" "classical V-belt","普通V带""clearance fit","间隙配合""clevis pin with head","销轴""clutch ","离合器""coefficient of travel speed variation, advance- to-return time ratio","行程速度变化系数" "combined spring","组合弹簧""common apex ","公共锥顶" "compensator (hydrostatic bearing)","补偿器(静压轴承〕""compost bearing material","复合轴承材料" "compound planetary gear train","组合行星齿轮系""compound hinges, multiple hinges","复合铰链" "concave side","凹面""cone pulley","锥轮""conical pin , taper pin","圆锥销""conical spiral","圆锥螺旋线""conical spring","截锥螺旋弹簧" "conjugate flank","共轭齿面""conjugate profile","共轭齿廓""connecting link","联接链节" "Consistency","稠度""constant loading","恒幅载荷""constant rate (stiffness) spring","等刚度弹簧" "constant velocity motion curve","等速运动轨迹""contact fatigue ","接触疲劳""Contact fatigue","接触疲劳""contact ratio","重合度""Continuous lubrication ","连续润滑" "continuous system","连续系统""contrate gear","端面齿轮""controlled clutch","操纵离合器" "conventional belt","普通平带""convex side","凸面""conveyor chain","输送链" "corresponding flanks","同侧齿面""cosine acceleration motion curve","余弦加速度运动轨迹""cotter pin ,split pin","开口销""cotton belt","编织平带""counterpart rack ","产形齿条" "couple","力偶""coupled modes","耦合振型""coupler, floating link","连杆""coupling ","联轴器""coupling with corrugated pipe","波纹管联轴器""coupling with elastic spider","梅花形弹性联轴器""coupling with non-metallic elastic element","非金属弹性元件联轴器""coupling with rubber plates","橡胶板联轴器" "coupling with rubber type element","轮胎式联轴器""crank","曲柄""cranked link chain","弯板链""crank-rocker mechanism","曲柄摇杆机构" "crest","齿顶""crew mechanism","螺旋机构""cross recessed countersunk head screw","十字槽沉头螺钉""cross recessed pan head screw","十字槽盘头螺钉""cross-belt drive","交叉传动""crossed helical gear pair","交错轴斜齿轮副" "crossed roller bearing","交叉滚子轴承" "crossing point of axes","轴线交点""crown gear","冠轮""crowned teeth","鼓形齿""cumulative error in pitch ","螺距累积误差" "cumulative fatigue damage","疲劳积累损伤" "curtate cycloid","短幅摆线""curtate epicycloid","短幅外摆线""curtate involute","缩短渐开线""curvature correction factor (spring)","曲度系数(弹簧)""curved tooth bevel gear","曲线齿锥齿轮" "cycl, , ic loading","循环载荷" "cycloid","摆线""cycloidal drive with small teeth difference","摆线少齿差传动""cycloidal profile","摆线齿廓""cycloidal-pin gear speed reducer","摆线针轮减速器""cylindrical gear","圆柱齿轮""cylindrical helical compression spring","圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧""cylindrical helical tension spring","圆柱螺旋拉伸弹簧""cylindrical helical torsion spring","圆柱螺旋扭转弹簧""cylindrical pin, straight pin","圆柱销" "cylindrical roller bearing","圆柱滚子轴承" "cylindrical worm","单导程圆柱蜗杆" "cylindrical worm","圆柱蜗杆" "damping","阻尼""datum circumference","基准圆周长" "datum diameter","基准直径""datum line differential","基准线差""datum plane","基准平面""datum width","基准宽度" "dedendum","齿根高""dedendum anle","齿根角""deep groove ball bearing","深沟球轴承" "degree of freedom","自由度""deviation ","尺寸偏差""deviation in pitch ","螺距偏差""diameter series (rolling bearing)","直径系列(滚动轴承)""diametral pitch","径节""diaphragm coupling","膜片联轴器" "differential mechanism","差动机构" "differential screw mechanism","差动螺旋机构" "dimension series (rolling bearing)","尺寸系列(滚动轴承)""discrete system","离散系统""disengaging time (clutch)","分离时间(离合器)""distortion","畸变""double direction thrust bearing","双向推力轴承""double row bearing","双列轴承""double V-belt","双面V带""double-circular-arc gear","双圆弧齿轮" "driven","从动件""driven gear","从动齿轮""driven pulley","从动带轮""driving gear","主动齿轮""driving pulley","主动带轮""driving force","驱动力""driving link ","主动件""dry friction ","干摩擦""dual clutch","双作用离合器""dual lead cylindrical worm","双导程圆柱蜗杆" "duplex roller chain","双排滚子链" "dynamic load","动载荷""dynamic balance of rotor","转子的动平衡" "dynamic load","动载荷""dynamics of machinery","机械动力学" "eccentric element","偏心元件""eccentric mechanism","偏心轮机构" "effective circumference","有效圆周长" "effective coil number","有效圈数" "effective diameter","有效直径""effective line differential","有效线差" "effective stress concentration factor","有效应力集中系数""effective tension","有效拉力""effective width","有效宽度""effective resistance","工作阻力" "efficiency","效率""elastic pin coupling ","弹性柱销齿式联轴器" "elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication ","弹性流体动力润滑""electromagnetic clutch","电磁离合器" "electromagnetic whirlpool brake","电磁涡流制动器""electrostatic bearing","静电轴承""elliptic bearing","椭圆滑动轴承" "embeddability","嵌入性""end relief","齿端修薄" "engagement","啮合""engaging time(clutch)","接合时间(离合器)" "engaging(clutch)","接合过程(离合器)" "epicycloid","外摆线""epicycloid gear","摆线齿锥齿轮" "equidistant curve of curtate hypocycloid","短幅外摆线的等距曲线""equidistant curve of epicycloid","内摆线的等距曲线""equidistant curve of epicycloid","外摆线的等距曲线""equidistant curve of prolate epicycloid","长幅外摆线的等距曲线" "equilibrium","力平衡""Equivalent coefficient of friction","当量摩擦系数""equivalent load","当量载荷""equivalent force","等效力""equivalent link","等效构件""equivalent mass","等效质量""equivalent moment","等效力矩" "escapement","擒纵机构""external thread","外螺纹""external gear","外齿轮""external pin wheel","外齿针齿轮" "external tab washer","外舌止动垫圈" "external teeth lock washer ","外齿锁紧垫圈" "Extreme-pressure lubrication","极压润滑" "face to face arrangement (rolling bearing)","面对面配置(滚动轴承)" "facewidth","齿宽""failure","失效""farthest dwell angle","远休止角" "Fastener","紧固件""fatigue limit","疲劳极限""fatigue strength","疲劳强度" "fault","故障""feather key","滑键""feather key ,dive key","导向平键" "fillet","齿根过渡曲面""fillet radius","齿根圆角半径""filling slot balll bearing","装填槽球轴承" "finite life design","有限寿命设计""flange coupling","凸缘联轴器""flanged bearing","凸缘轴承""flat belt drive","平带传动""flat key","平键""flat spring","片弹簧""flat spring coupling","簧片联轴器" "flexibility of spring ","弹簧柔度""flexible gear, flexpline","柔性齿轮" "floating bearing","浮环滑动轴承" "fluctuating load","变载荷""fluid friction ","流体摩擦""fluid lubrication ","液体润滑" "flywheel","飞轮""forced vibration","受迫振动""foundation bolt","地脚螺栓""four-bar mechanism","四杆机构""four-point contact ball bearing","四点接触轴承""fracture mechanics ","断裂力学""free height (spring)","自由高度(弹簧)" "Fretting wear","微动磨损" "Friction","摩擦"。

民航英语缩略词B

Baby Food
婴儿食物
BC
Broadcast
广播
BC
Basic Charge
基价
BC
Before Christ
公元前
BC
Back Course
背台航道
BC
Between Centers
中心距
B/C
Bills For Collection
托收票据
B/C
Braking Coefficient
刹车系数
英国飞机公司
BACO
Boeing Airplane Company
波音飞机公司
BAE
British Aerospace Public Limited Co
英国宇航公共有限公司
BAF
Baffle
隔板
BAG
Baggage
行李
BAGCK
Baggage Check
行李票
BAGG
Baggage
行李
BAGTG
Baggage Tag
刹车平均有效压力
BMM
Equipment Movement Sheet
设备活动表
BMS
Boeing Material Specification
波音材料规范
BMT
Boeing Material Technology
波音材料技术
BMV
Brake Metering Valve
刹车计量活门
BN
Blowing Sand
背台航道
BCS
Block Check Decimal
十进制块检查
BCS
Block Check Sequence
块检查顺序

Shure PSM 天线合并器用户指南说明书

© 2011 Shure Incorporated Printed in U.S.A. PA421AP A421A PSM ® Antenna Combiner Guide de l’utilisateur du répartiteur d’antenne PSM ®Bedienungsanleitung für die Antennenweiche PSM ®Guía del usuario del combinador de antenas PSM ®Guida d’uso del combinatore di antenne PSM ®Guia de usuário do combinador da antenas PSM ®Руководство пользователя Combiner антенны PSM ®PSM® アンテナコンバイナユーザーガイドPSM® 天线合并器用户指南PSM® Antenna Combiner 사용자 설명서Benefits • Reduction of intermodulation artifacts for cleaner RF environment and more channels on air • Simplified antenna placement Power• Turn power off before installing.• Use the supplied power cable to connect the unit to an AC power source.• The power LED illuminates when powered on.• Power the unit off when not in use or before disconnecting the unit from the AC power sourceDescription Shure antenna combiners actively combine antenna outputs from PSM® wireless transmitters to a single antenna, improving RF perfor-mance and reducing rack clutter. Four DC power outlets and supplied power cables allow you to connect additional PSM systems, without adding external power supplies.Antenna Configuration• Attach an antenna to the MAIN OUT of the combiner. Forwideband applications, use the PA805SWB directional antenna.• Use the supplied BNC-BNC cables to connect the ANTENNA INPUTS of the antenna combiner to the antennaoutputs of each transmitter.Furnished Accessories Expansion Portcluding interference that may cause undesired operation of the device. Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes : (1) l’appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et (2) l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d’en compromettre le fonctionnement. Note: EMC conformance testing is based on the use of supplied and recommended cable types. The use of other cable types may degrade EMC performance. LICENSING INFORMATION Licensing: A ministerial license to operate this equipment may be required in certain areas. Consult your national authority for possible requirements. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Shure Incorporated could void your authority to operate the equipment. Licensing of Shure wireless microphone equip-ment is the user’s responsibility, and licensability depends on the user’s classifica-tion and application, and on the selected frequency. Shure strongly urges the user to contact the appropriate telecommunications authority concerning proper licens-ing, and before choosing and ordering frequencies. The CE Declaration of Conformity can be obtained from Shure Incorporated or any of its European representatives. For contact information please visit The CE Declaration of Conformity can be obtained from: /europe/compliance Authorized European representative:Shure Europe GmbH Headquarters Europe, Middle East & Africa Department: EMEA Approval Jakob-Dieffenbacher-Str. 1275031 Eppingen, Germany Phone: 49-7262-92 49 0Fax: 49-7262-92 49 11 4Distribution OutputConnector Type BNCConfiguration ActiveImpedance 50 ΩOutput Intercept Point (OIP3)>30 dBm, typical Expansion PortConnector Type BNCConfiguration Passive Impedance 50 ΩInsertion Loss <4 dBDC Output Output Voltage 15VDC Output Current 660mA Max Output power 9.9WLED Indicator Minimum DetectionThreshold 85mALED Indicator Max. Current Draw Threshold 660mA ©2011 Shure Incorporated Asia, Pacific:Shure Asia Limited 22/F , 625 King’s Road North Point, Island East Hong Kong Phone: 852-2893-4290Fax: 852-2893-4055Email:**************.hk United States, Canada, Latin America, Caribbean:Shure Incorporated 5800 West Touhy Avenue Niles, IL 60714-4608 USA Phone: 847-600-2000Fax: 847-600-1212 (USA)Fax: 847-600-6446Email:**************Europe, Middle East, Africa:Shure Europe GmbH Jakob-Dieffenbacher-Str. 12,75031 Eppingen, Germany Phone: 49-7262-92490Fax: 49-7262-9249114Email:*************。

一些英文词的标准缩写

Budgetable Budget Balance Account Build Building Business Business Unit* Buy Buyer Calculate Calculated Calculation* Calendar* Call Campaign Campus Cancel Canceled Capacity Capitalization Card Career Carrier Cartridge Case Cash Catalog Category* Census Center Certificate Certification Change Changed Chapter Charge Chartfield Check Checked Citizen Citizenship City Class Clear Cleared CLEP Close Club COBRA* Code* Collect Collection College Column Combination Combine Command Comment Committee Company* Comparative* Competitor Complete Completion Compliance Component Composite Compensation Conditional Confidential Confirm
ALPH ALT ALMN AM ACT AMT* ANLS ANNL* ANON ANS APT APEL APP* APPL* APPT APRV AREA ARAY ARRS ASC ASGN ASSC ASMP ATHL ATCH ATMPT ATND ATTN ATTR ADT AUTH AUX AVL AVG ACG AWRD BAL* BNK BARG BAS BTCH BEF BEGN BOT BEN BID BILL BRS BRTH BRD BRK BUD The net value (balance) of an account The mean of two or more numbers Monetary value(s) "Ante Meridiem" (morning)

Logic Basic系列电子指示器操作手册说明书

Choice of Three Power Sources1. BatteriesA set of two Manganese Dioxide Lithium batteries will operate this electronic indicator for approximately 250 hours of normal usage. Because milliampere-hour ratings vary widely with manufacturers, normal usage time is very hard to predict. The lithium battery used in this indicator is an IEC standard, typeCR2450. The indicators are shipped with the batteries not installed, and should not be installed until battery operation is desired.NOTE: This indicator has an ”AUTO-OFF” feature to conserve battery life. After 10 minutes of ”no activity” (no key presses or spindle movement), the gage will turn itself off. This feature may be disabled if continuous operation is desired; see ”AUTO-OFF On/Off” instructions in this book.Installing BatteriesUsing a narrow screwdriver,gently pry under the tab on the left side of plastic bezel and slide out the battery tray as you turn the indicator face side down.Page 2Insert two batteries, ”+”side up, into tray cavities, then slide the tray back into its bezel slot, taking care that the batteries stay in proper position.AC AdapterAC adapters (providing 9VDC at 30ma. maximum to the indicator from a 115 or 230 VAC,50/60 Hz line source) may be purchased from CDI. Although other 9V AC adapters with a 3/32” (2.5mm) mini-plug (center +) may be used, CDI adapters are recommended because they include current limiting to prevent damage from line fluctuations.For 115 V (USA) operation - Order CDI Part #G11-0012For 230 V (Europe) operation - Order CDI Part #G11-0014First insert the mini-plug into the socket on the lower left side of the bezel (see drawing on page 2), then plug the adapter into a wall outlet. After turning the indicator ”ON”, disable the ”AUTO-OFF” feature; see ”AUTO OFF On/Off” on page 6.2. Data I/O ConnectorPower also may be provided through the data I/O connector, for special fixturing or applications where the indicator is integrated with another piece of equipment A ripple-free 5 VDC (4.9 to 5. 7 V) regulated voltage source is required. CDI Cable #G13-0034 or a custom variation of another CDI data cable must be used. Contact CDI for full information.Page 3Button FunctionsKey Function ControlledOFF – Press & Release: Turns indicator offON/CLR - Press & Release: Turns indicator on, or clears/resets indicator.With HOLD off: Clears display to ”0”With MAX HOLD on: Clears display to spindle position, leavesHOLD on.-Press & Hold (For longer than 5 seconds): Enter/Exit display andkey test mode.HOLD – Press & Release:Turns hold function on/off and cancels last selection.2ND – Press & Hold (for more than 2 seconds until 2ND is displayed): Enables 2ND and 3RD functions such as TR REV (TravelReverse), IN/MM and AUTO OFF.CHNG - Used with 2ND key to activate selectable resolution.Page 4Displays (inch), or measure units. Page 5Operating InstructionsTOClear Display … to zero- Press and release "ON/CLR".To VerifyDATA I/0 FORMATTo view the current output format.- Press and release "2ND", until the 2ND appears in display, then "ON/CLR" and "2ND" in sequence. Format information is displayed for about 3 seconds, then indicator automatically returns to normal operation. Format information is displayed as:RS232 =rS232 MTI compatible =SErCDI mux BCD =CdiBypass =bPPage 6To UseHOLDTo select type of HOLD - Freeze, Minimum or Maximum:-Press and hold "HOLD" until cursor moves under desired type of hold; FRZ, MIN or MAX , then release.To turn HOLD On/Off:• Press and release "HOLD"• MAX HOLD - Holds and displays highest reading. • MIN HOLD - Holds and displays lowest reading.• FREEZE HOLD - Freezes display when "HOLD" button is pressed.NOTE : Pressing CLR button resets indicator to spindle position.To ChangeINCH/MILLIMETERTo change from one to the other:- Press and hold "MOVE/2ND" until 2ND appears at bottom of display then release.- Press and release "TOL" within 3 seconds.NOTE: MM or IN will appear at bottom of display.Page 7TOReset to DEFAULTA total reset: clears all user settings and returns to factory-set defaults.1. Press and hold "2ND" until 2ND appears at bottom of display, then release.To ChangeRESOLUTION-Press and hold "2ND" until 2ND appears at bottom of display then release. - Press and release "ON/CLR" within 3 seconds. - Press and release "HOLD" within 3 seconds.Use "CHNG" key to step through available resolution selections:1 = .00005" (.001mm)2 = .0001" (.002mm)3 = .00025" (.005mm)4 = .0005" (.O1mm)5 = .001" (.02mm)Press and release "CHNG" and "2ND" simultaneously to save. Note: Only resolutions coarser than indicator resolution-as-purchased are available.Page 8To EnterTEST MODEPress and hold (for more than 5 seconds) "ON/CLR" to enter 'display and key' test mode.To ExitTEST MODEPress and hold (for more than 5 seconds) "ON/CLR" to exit 'display and key'test mode.To ChangeTRAVEL DIRECTION- Press and hold "2ND" until 2ND appears at bottom of display then release.- Press and release "HOLD" within 3 seconds.Note: Arrow in upper right corner will show positive direction of spindle travel. NOTE: Most functions are active on release of key(s).Page 9Internal Memory"LOGIC" Series indicators and remote displays include internal non-volatile memory to store all factory default and user settings. When the indicator is turned on, user settings and preset numbers will be the same as when the indicator was turned off.NOTE: Many of the user settings are stored when the indicator is turned ‘Off’ by using the "OFF" key, or when the indicator turns itself off (AUTO OFF). However, if the indicator is turned off by removing power (by disconnecting the AC adapter or cutting power through the Data 1/0 connector), some or all of the user settings and/or changes may be lost!Page 10Operating Precautions1. Do not use the bottom of the spindle stroke as a base of measurement reference, as it is protected with a rubber shock absorber to prevent shock to the internal mechanism. The spindle should be offset .005”-.010" (.12 -.25 mm) from the bottom of travel.2. Use of CDI type MS-10 or similar sturdy stands or fixtures for indicator mounting, where the base plate and indicator are mounted to a common post, is highly recommended for accurate and repeatable readings. The indicator must be mounted with the spindle perpendicular to the reference or base plate. If the indicator is stem-mounted, protect the indicator from attempted rotation, and from being stuck or bumped, to prevent stem/case mechanical alignment damage. Do not over-tighten the mounting mechanism, and use clamp mounting rather than set screws if at all possible, to prevent damage to the stem.3. The bezel face can be rotated from its normal horizontal position for convenient viewing. Rotation is limited to 270 degrees and attempts to force it past its internal stop may damage the indicator.4. Frequently clean the spindle to prevent sluggish or sticky movement. Dry wiping with a lint-free cloth usually will suffice, but isopropyl alcohol may be used to remove gummy deposits. Do not apply any type of lubricant to the spindle. Spindle dust caps and spindle boots are available for operation in dirty or abrasive environments.1" Spindle dust cap - Order CDI Part #A21.0131l” Spindle boot - Order CDI Part #CD170-1Use a soft cloth dampened with a mild detergent to clean the bezel and front face of the indicator. Do not use aromatic solvents as they may cause damage.5. Extremely high electrical transients - from nearby arc welders, SCRmotor/lighting controls, radio transmitters, etc. - may cause malfunctions of the indicator's internal circuitry or 'ERROR 1' indications, even through the electronic design was created to minimize such problems. If at all possible, do not operate the indicator in plant areas subject to these transients. Turning the indicator 'OFF' for a few seconds, then back 'ON' from time-to-time may eliminate any problems. Also, use of an isolated AC line (for AC adapter operated indicators and AC powered remote displays), or an AC line filter - plus solid grounding of stands and fixtures - is recommended in these conditions.Page 11Additional Display-Operating Prompts & Conditions FLASHING DIGIT or +/- sign - Digit or sign affected by ‘CHNG’ key when setting or changing preset numbers.FLASHING READING, with HIGH or LOW displayed Reading is out of tolerance, to the high or low side.ERROR 1 - Spindle speed too fast, high electrical noise, etc.ERROR 2 - Counter overflow, i.e. counter number (spindle + preset number) out of counter range.ERROR 3 - Improper tolerance combination, i.e. both "HIGH" and 'LOW" set to 'O' or same number, or "LOW' set to a higher number than 'HIGH'. Occurs only when 'TOL' is on.ERROR 4 - Display overflow, i.e. number too large to be properly displayed. Moving spindle to acceptable range eliminates error message.Page 12Data Output'LOGIC' Series indicators and remote displays provide users with multiple data output formats. The cable attached to the indicator when it is turned on determines the output format in use. Cables for each format can be purchased from CDI. These cables also provide remote control of 'ON/CLR' and 'HOLD' functions, plus +5v regulated power input. For special applications, an ERROR FLAG output and/or custom cables also can be provided; contact CDI for information.CAUTION: Use of cables other than those provided or approved by CDI can cause irreparable damage to the indicator or data output port, and such damage is not covered by the CDI Limited Warranty.Standard RS232 Format - Communications protocol is 1200 baud, no parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit. RS232 can be read by any IBM PC-compatible computer, RS232 serial printer or other device, provided the device can be set to this protocol. A DB25 pin adapter may be necessary for non-standard devices. "WINDOWS" terminal and other communications software, "WEDGE" software, etc., may be used with this format.Cables Required:CDI #GO3-0018 - For IBM Compatible PC (CDI indicator to DB25F)CDI #GO3-0021 - For CDI serial printer types G19-0001/Gl9- 0002 & G19-0003 (CDI indicator to DB25M)MITUTOYO Compatible Format - Use with MITUTOYO compatible printers, collection devices, etc.Cable Required:CDI #G03-0019 - CDI indicator to MTI 10 pinPage 13CDI (Multiplexed BCD) Format - Furnished with pigtails one end.Cable Required:CDI #Gl3-0034 - Also may be used for remote control of 'ON/CLR' or 'HOLD' functions, or external power (+5V regulated) input. (CDI indicator to pigtail wires.) BYPASS FORMAT - Permits indicator to be used as a probe for the CDI remote display: bypasses 'raw' unprocessed signals from the detector system directly to the data output connector. In this operation mode, power for the indicator is supplied by the remote display.Cable Required:CDI #Gl3-0022 - CDI indicator to 6-pin DINIMPORTANT- Indicator and remote display must be of same base resolution. If the two (2)are different base resolutions, you will experience compatibility problems.Page 14Limited Warranty"PLUS SERIES" INDICATORS ARE WARRANTED FOR A PERIOD OF ONE YEAR AGAINST DEFECTIVE MATERIALS OR WORKMANSHIP. THIS WARRANTY DOES NOT APPLY TO PRODUCTS THAT ARE MISHANDLED, MISUSED, ETCHED, STAMPED, OR OTHERWISE MARKED OR DAMAGED, NOR DOES IT APPLY TO DAMAGE OR ERRONEOUS OPERATION CAUSED BY USER TAMPERING OR ATTEMPTS TO MODIFY THE INDICATOR. UNITS FOUND TO BE DEFECTIVE WITHIN THE WARRANTY PERIOD WILL BE REPAIRED OR REPLACED FREE OF CHARGE AT THE OPTION OF CDI. A NOMINAL CHARGE WILL BE MADE FOR NON-WARRANTY REPAIRS, PROVIDED THE UNIT IS NOT DAMAGED BEYOND REPAIR.CHICAGO DIAL INDICATOR CO., INC.1372 Redeker Road - Des Plaines, IL 60016Telephone: 847/827-7186FAX: 847/827-0478。

航空英语之航空缩略语

缩写ABBREVIATION LISTAA/C air conditioning 空气调节A/G air/groundA/L autoland 自动落地A/P autopilot 自动驾驶A/S airspeed 空速A/T autothrottle自动油门, adjustment/test 调整/测试ABNORM abnormal 不正常的AC alternating current 【电】交流电ACARS ARINC Communications Addressing and Reporting System ACCEL acceleration, accelerate 使增速ACM air cycle machine 空气循环机ADC air data computer 大气资料电脑ADF automatic direction finder 自动方位寻找器ADI attitude director indicator 姿态指示器ADP air driven pump, air driven hydraulic pump 气动液压泵ADV advance 推进AFCS automatic flight control system 飞控系统AGL above ground level 地标位AI anti-ice 防冰AIDS aircraft integrated data system 整合资料系统AIL aileron 副翼ALT altitude 高度ALTM altimeter 高度计ALTN alternate 交替的ALTNT alternate 交替的AMB ambient 环绕的AMM Airplane Maintenance Manual 修护手册ANN announcement 通告ANNUNC annunciator 通告器ANT antenna 天线AOA angle of attack 功角APB auxiliary power breaker 辅助的动力断电器APD approach progress display 接近行进显示APL airplane 飞机APPR approach 接近APPROX approximately 近乎APU auxiliary power unit 辅助的动力单元ARINC Aeronautical航空学的Radio Incorporated【美】有限责任的ARINC IO ARINC I/O errorARNC STP ARINC I/O UART data strip error 通用非同步收发传输器ASA autoland status annunciator 自动落地状况通告器ASP audio selector panel 音频选择面板ASYM asymmetrical 非对称的ATC air traffic control 空中交通管制ATC/DABS air traffic control/discrete address beacon systemATT attitude 姿态ATTND attendant 服务员AUTO automatic 自动装置的AUX auxiliary 辅助的AVM airborne vibration monitor 空中震动监视器BB/CRS back course 回程BARO barometric 气压计的BAT battery 电池;蓄电池BFO beat扑动frequency oscillator 频率振汤器BITE built-in test equipment 装备自我测试BK brake 煞住(车)BKGRD background (干扰录音或无线电广播的)杂音BPCU bus power control unit 汇流排电力控制单元BRKR breaker 断电器BRT bright 发亮的BTB bus tie束缚breaker 汇流排联系断电器BTL bottle 瓶子CC/B circuit breaker 【电】断路器,断路开关C center 中央CADC central air data computer 中央大气资料电脑CAPT captain (飞机的)机长CB circuit breaker 【电】断路器,断路开关CCA central control actuator 中央控制致动器CCW counterclockwise 逆时针方向的CDU control display unit 控制显示器CH channel 频道CHAN channel 频道CHG change 改变CHR chronograph 记时器CHRGR charger 充电器CK check 检查CKT circuit 【电】电路;回路CL close 关闭;盖上;合上CLB climb 倾斜向上CLR clear 变乾净;变清楚CLSD closed 关闭的;封闭的;闭合的CMD command 命令CMPTR computer 电脑CNX cancelled 取消,废除;中止COL column 圆柱(报纸的)栏,段COMM communication 通讯COMP compressor 压缩机COMPT compartment 隔间CON continuous 连续的,不断的COND condition 状态CONFG configuration 结构;表面配置CONFIG configuration 结构CONN connection 连接CONT control 控制CP control panel 控制面板CPCS cabin pressure control system 舱压控制系统CPS cycles per second 每秒循环CRS course 方向CRT cathode阴极ray射线tube 阴极射线管CRZ cruise 巡航CSEU control system electronics unit 控制系统电子元件CT current电流transＦＯＲＭer变压器CTN caution 注意CTR center 中央CU control unit 控制元件CUST customer 顾客;买主CW clockwise 顺时针方向的CWS control wheel steering掌舵DDA drift漂移angleDADC digital air data computer 数位化大气资料电脑DC direct直系的,指挥currentDEC decrease减少, decrement减少率DECEL decelerate 降低速度DECR decrease 减少DEG degree 度数DEPR depressurize 洩压; 压下DEPT departure 离开;出发DEST destination 目标, 目的地DET detector 探测器DETNT detent (机械上的)止动装置;棘爪DEV deviation 误差;偏航DFDR digital flight data recorderDG directional方向的gyro回转仪罗盘DH decision决定height高度,海拔DIFF differential 依差别而定的;鉴别性的DIR direct 指挥DISC disconnect 使分离,分开,断开DISCH discharge 释放,排出(液体,气体等)DISCONT discontinued 停止,中断DISENG disengage 解开,解除;使脱离DISP dispatch 派遣DIST distance 距离;路程DK deck (船的) 舱面,甲板DME distance measuring equipment 测距仪DMU data management unit 资料管理单元DN down 向下DPCT differential protection current transＦＯＲＭer【电】变压器DR door 门DSCRT IO discrete分离I/O errorDSPLY display 显示DSPY display 显示EEADI electronic attitude director indicator 数位化姿态指示器ECON economy 节约, 经济ECS environmental control system 环控系统EDP engine driven pump, engine hydraulic pump 引擎液压泵EEC electronic engine control 引擎电控EFDARS expanded flight data acquisition and reporting systemEFI electronic flight instruments 电子化飞行仪表EFIS electronic flight instrument systemEGT exhaust gas temperature 排气尾温EHSI electronic horizontal situation indicator 水平状况方位指示器EICAS engine indicating and crew alerting system引擎状况警告指示ELEC electrical 与电有关的,电气科学的ELEV elevation 高度;海拔EMER emergency 紧急情况ENG engage啮合,接合, engineENT entrance入口,门口, entryENTMT entertainment 娱乐EPC external power contactor 外电源接触器EPR engine pressure ratio 推力比EPRL engine pressure ratio limit 推力比范围EQUIP equipment 装备ERR error 错误ESS essential 必需品EVAC evacuation 撤空;排泄物EVBC engine vane and bleed control 引擎放气控制EXH exhaust 排出;排气EXT external 外部的EXTIN extinguish, extinguished 灭火器EXTING extinguishing 熄灭FF/D flight director 飞行引向器F/F fuel flow 燃油流量F/O first officerFAA Federal美国联邦Aviation Administration行政机构FCC flight control computer 飞行控制电脑FCEU flight controls electronic unit 飞控电子单元FCU fuel control unit 燃油控制器FDR feeder 餵食器FIM Fault Isolation Manual 故障隔离手册FL flow 流量FL/CH flight level changeFLD field(飞机)场,;(广阔的一大片)地(知识)领域;专业;(活动)范畴FLT flight (飞机的)班次FLUOR fluorescent 发亮的FMC flight management computer 飞行管理电脑FMS flight management system 飞行管理系统FREQ frequency 频率FRM Fault Reporting Manual 错误报告手册FSEU flap/slat electronic unit 副翼电控单元FT feet复, foot单英尺FWD forward 前面的GG/S glide slope, ground slope 下滑坡度GA go-around 重飞GB generator breaker 发电机断电器GCB generator circuit breaker 发电机断路器GCR generator control relay 发电机控制继电器GCU generator control unit 发电机控制组件GEN generator 发电机GHR ground handling relay 地面操作继电器GND ground 地面GP group 团体GPWS ground proximity warning system 地面接近警告GR gear 齿轮;传动装置; (飞机的)起落架GRD ground 地面GS ground speed 地速GSSR ground service select relay 地面勤务选择继电器GSTR ground service transfer relay 地面勤务转换继电器GW gross总量weight 总重HH/L high/low 高/低HDG heading 【航】航向HF high frequency 高频HORIZ horizontal 水平HP high pressure 高压HSI horizontal situation indicator 水平状况方位指示器HTR heater 加热器HYD hydraulic 液压的IIAS indicated airspeed 指示空速IDENT identification 识别;鉴定IDG integrated drive generatorIGN ignition 点火,发火;点火开关ILLUM illuminate, illuminated 被照明的;发光的ILS instrument landing system 仪降IMP imperial (度量衡)英制的IN in, input 输入INBD inboard 内侧的INC incorporated结合的, increase增大, increment增加INCR increase 增加IND indicator 指示器INFC interface 分界面INFLT inflight 飞行过程中的INHIB inhibit 抑制禁止INIT initiation 入门;开始实施INOP inoperative 不活动的INPH interphone 对讲机INST instrument 仪器;仪表INT interphone 对讲机INTLK interlock 连结INTPH interphone 对讲机INTMT intermittent 时断时续的;周期性的IP intermediate pressure 中间的压力IRS inertial reference system 惯性参考系统IRU inertial惯性的reference unit 惯性参考组件ISLN isolation 隔离ISOL isolation 隔离IVSI instantaneous瞬时的vertical speed indicator 垂直速度指示器MMCDP maintenance control display panel 修护控制显示面板MCP mode control panel 模式控制面板MCU modular模件concept观念unitMDA minimum decision altitude 最小判断高度MIC microphone 扩音器;麦克风MIN minimum 最小量,最小数;最低限度MM Maintenance Manual 修护手册MOD module 组件;单元MON monitor 监视器;监控器MOT motion (机械的)装置,运转MPU magnetic pickup 检波器MSG message 信息MSTR master 主要的;总的MSU mode selector unit 模式选择组件MTG miles to go 英里MU management unit 管理组件MUX multiplexer 多路传输NN/A not applicable 可应用的NAC nacelle 引擎舱;气球吊篮NAV navigation 导航NCD no computed data 无法计算资料NEG negative 否定的; 反面的【电】负的,阴极的【数】负的NEUT neutral 中立的NLG nose landing gear 鼻轮起落架NO. number 数,数字NORM normal 正常的,正规的,标准的NRM normal 正常的,正规的,标准的NVMEM RD non-volatile memory read error 故障读错误排除才能消除NVMEM WR non-volatile memory write error 故障写错误排除才能消除O02 oxygen 氧气OBS observer 观察员OK okay 对,很好地OPR operate 运转OPT option 选择权OPRN operation 操作OUT output 输出OUTBD outboard 外部的OVHD overhead 头顶(船舱)顶板OVHT overheat 过热OVRD override 权力高於;优先於; 越过OXY oxygen 氧气PP/RST press to reset 压下清除故障P/S pitot皮托管(流速计);皮托静压管/static 静态的PA passenger address 客舱广播PASS passenger 旅客PCA power control actuator 电控致动器PCT percentage 百分比PDI pictorial deviation indicator 偏航图表示PES passenger entertainment娱乐systemPLA power level anglePLT pilot (飞机等的)驾驶员,飞行员PMG permananet magnet generator 永磁发电机PNEU pneumatic 气动PNL panel 【电】配电盘;控电板POR point of regulation调节POS position, positive (电池的)阳极【数】正的PPOS present当前的出席的positionPRESS pressure 压力PRG FLOW program flow error 流量程序错误PRIM primary 首要的,主要的PROC procedure 程序;手续;步骤PROG MEM ROM memory error 唯读记忆体错误PROJ projector 投射器PROT protection 保护,防护;PS pitot static 皮托管(流速计);皮托静压管PSI pounds per square inch 每平方寸上的压力磅数PSS passenger service system 客服系统PSU passenger service unit 客服组件PTT push to talk 发话PTU power transfer unit 动力传送组件PWR power 动力QQAD quick-attach-detach 快拆卸;使分离QTS quarts 一夸脱的容器QTY quantity 数量RR/T rate of turn 回转速率R/W MEM RAM memory error 随机存取记忆体错误R right 右边的RA radio altimeter, radio altitude 雷达高度RAT ram air turbine 冲压驱动RCVR reciever 接受RDMI radio distance magnetic indicator 磁场距离指示REC recorder 记录器RECIRC recirculate 再循环REF reference 参考REFRIG refrigeration 冷冻REG regulator 调节器REL release 释放,解放REP representative 代表性的,典型的REQ required 必须的RES reserve 储备RESSTART power interrupt restart error 动力中断重新起动错误REV reverse 倒退,使倒转RF right front 右前RH right hand 右手RLSE release 释放,解放RLY relay 【电】继电器RLY/SW relay/switchRMI radio magnetic indicator 磁场方位指示RMT OUT high-speed ARINC output error 汇流排输出错误RN right noseROT rotation 旋转RPM revolutions循环,(一)周期回转,旋转per minuteRPTG reporting 报导RR right rear 後方RST reset 重新设定RTO rejected丢弃takeoff起飞RUD rudder (飞机的)方向舵RW right wing 右翼RWY runway (机场的)跑道SSAM stabilizer trim/elevator asymmetry limit module尾舵飞操组件SAT static air temperature 静压空气温度SEC second 第二次SEI standby engine indicator 紧急直接引擎指示SEL select 选择SELCAL selective calling 飞航呼叫SERV service 服务SG signal generator 信号产生器SLCTD selected 选择SLCTR selector 选择器SOV shut off valve 关断阀SP speed 速度SPD speed 速度SPD BK speed brake 速煞SQL squelch 压扁SSB single side bandSTA station 驻地(各种机构的)站,所,STAB stabilizer 安定装置;安定翼STBY standby 备用STS system status 系统状况SURF surface 表面SW switch 开关SWITCH IN switch input errorSYNC synchronous 同步的SYS system 系统SYST system 系统TT/R thrust reverser 反推力器T.O. takeoff 起飞TACH tachometer 转速计TAI thermal热的anti-iceTAS true airspeed 真空速TAT total air temperature 总温TCC turbine case cooling 涡轮(机)冷却TE trailing edge 後缘(飞机的)襟翼,阻力板TEMP temperature 温度,气温TFR transfer 转换THR thrust 推力THROT throttle 节流阀THRSH threshold 门槛THRT thrust 推力THRU through 穿过;通过遍及,在...各处;在...之间,在...之中TIE bus tie系,拴,捆,扎汇流排联系TLA thrust lever angle 推力杆角度TMC thrust management computer 推力管理电脑TMS thrust management system 推力管理系统TMSP thrust mode select panel 推力选择面板TO TO/takeoff 起飞TOL tolerance 【机】公差,容限TR transＦＯＲＭer【电】变压器rectifier【电】整流器TRP thrust rating panel 推力等级面板TUNE tuner (频率))调整器;【无】调谐器TURB turbine 涡轮(机)TURBL turbulent, turbulence【气】湍流;(气体等的)紊流UUBR utility有多种用途的;通用的bus relay 汇流排继电器UPR upperUSB upper side band 【机】传送带(无线电的)波段,频带VV/NAV vertical navigation 【经】纵向联合的导航V/S vertical speed 垂直的速率VERT vertical 垂直的VERT SPD vertical speed 垂直的速率VFY verify 验证VG vertical gyro 垂直回转仪罗盘VHF very high frequency 超高频无线电VIB vibration 震动VLD valid 合法的;有效的VLV valve 【机】阀,活门VOL volume 量;额VOLT voltage 电压;伏特数VOR VHF omni range receiver 方向无线识标VOX voice 声音VTR video tape reproducer (录音,录影的)播放装置WW/D wiring线路diagram图解W/W wheel well 轮舱WARN warning 警告;警报WG wing 机翼WHL wheel 轮子; 变换方向WHLS wheels 车轮WPT waypoint 位子点WSHLD windshield 挡风玻璃WX weather 天气WXR weather 气象雷达XX-CH cross channel 交叉频道X-CHAN cross channel 交叉频道XDCR transducer 变换器XMISSION transmission 传送XMIT transmit 发射XMTR transmitter 发射机XPNDR transponder 询答机YY/D yaw damper 阻尼器。

民航英语缩略词B

Background
背景
BKD
Booked
预订的
BKDN
Breakdown
中断，故障，分解，分离
BKFST
Breakfast
早餐
BKG
Booging
定座
BKGD
Background
背景
BKGOFC
Boooking Office
售票处
BKGRD
Background
背景
BKHD
Bulkhead
隔板，隔仓
英国飞机公司
BACO
Boeing Airplane Company
波音飞机公司
BAE
British Aerospace Public Limited Co
英国宇航公共有限公司
BAF
Baffle
隔板
BAG
Baggage
行李
BAGCK
Baggage Check
行李票
BAGG
Baggage
行李
BAGTG
Baggage Tag
防撞灯标系统
B/CAST
Broadeast
广播
BCC
Border CrossingCard
卡
BCCM
Baggage, Cargo, Comat, Mail
行李，货物，公司资和邮件
BCD
Behind Completion Date
没按期完工
BCD
Binary Code Decimal
二进制一十进制编码
B/C
Base Check
基地检查
B/C
Bulk Cargo
散装货物
BCAC
Boeing Commercial Airplane Corp

(完整版)商务英语重要术语

individual proprietorship 个体经营partnership 合伙企业corporation 公司企业unlimited liability 无限责任limited liability 有限责任Home office 公司总部Business activities 经济活动operating activities 经营活动business house 商行；商号financial activities 筹资活动capital stock 股本trade association 贸易协会creditor 债权人to trade in 经营某商品business scope / frame 经营范围trading firm / house 贸易行，商行to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重commercial channels 商业渠道commercial transaction 买卖，交易manufacturer 制造商，制造厂middleman 中间商，经纪人dealer 经销商wholesaler 批发商retailer 零售商tradesman 零售商merchant 商人（英）批发商，（美）零售商concessionaire, licensed dealer 授让人，特许权获得者stocks 存货，库存量bulk sale 整批销售，趸售wholesale 批发retail trade 零售业cash sale 现货hire – purchase 分期付款购买(美作：installment plan) registered trademark 注册商标registered office, head office 总公司，总店，总部public ownership 公有制private ownership 私有制foreign – funded enterprise 外资企业joint venture 合资企业cooperative enterprise 合作企业wholly foreign owned / funded enterprise 外资企业common ground 共同点adjustment and compromise调整和妥协common interest 共同利益advantageous contract 有利的合同bargaining range 谈判范围concede ground 让步，屈服bargaining strength 谈判实力concession trading 让步贸易bargaining 讨价还价conflicting interests利益冲突basic interests基本利益conflicting objectives冲突的目标behavioral norms 行为规范core outcomes 核心结果bottom line 谈判底线defensive - offensive posture 防守—进攻立场breakdown in negotiation 谈判破裂collective well - being 集体利益difficult decisions 决策困难dogmatic negotiator 独断的谈判者negotiation sketch 谈判简图equitable agreement 公平合理的协议negotiation skills 谈判技巧exaggerated positions 言过其实的的立场on the routine basis 在惯例的基础上expected benefits 期待的谈判结果one-off business 一锤子买卖face-to-face negotiation 面对面谈判opening position 初步价位factual information 实际信息optimal timing 最佳时机fail to reach any agreement 无法达成协议optimize the interests使利益最优化pull tricks 耍花招failure of negotiation 谈判失败renounce a negotiation 放弃谈判favorable outcomes 利好结果reservation price 保留价格give-and-take 给予和索取room for maneuver 周旋的余地good joint outcome 互惠的共同结果rough style 激烈的谈判风格scheduling of concessions 让步进程information loophole 信息空缺settle differences 解决分歧sham position 虚假立场signal firmness 表现出坚定立场knock-down fight 强力反击stakes 投资资金leverage 手段，优势straight compromise 彻底妥协mange concessions 掌握让步的分寸strategic activity 策略活动strategic ploy 战略手段margins of maneuver 机动空间strategy formulation 策略构想marked disadvantage 明显的劣势stumbling block 绊脚石maximize the interests 使利益最大化successful implementation 成功实施tactical moves 谈判技巧minimum level of acceptance 最底的接受底线terms and conditions 条款和条件negotiation processes 谈判过程access to power 利用权力choice assignments 选择权的分配achieve recognition 得到公认continual compliance 一味迁就acquire power 获取权力courage under fire 应对责难的勇气analytical ability 分析能力create opportunities 创造机会breed resistance 导致怨恨critical task 重要任务breed resistance 导致反抗decisional role 决策作用build reputation 树立威信delegate responsibilities 授权build trusting relationships 建立依赖关系direct intervention 直接干预eliminate the bottleneck 消除瓶颈问题chaotic situation 混乱局面enhance the power 增强权力norm of reciprocity 互利互惠的规范exert influence 施加影响exert information 提取信息office layout 办公室布局follow directions 遵从指示organizational capacity 组织目标formal influence 正式影响organizational principle 组织原则gain power 获得权力organizational structure 组织结构give recommendation 提供建议organizationally ambitious 对组织工作有远大抱负的good judgment 正确的判断organization’s ends 组织目标higher-up 上级personal attractiveness 个人魅力holder of an office 公职人员power acquisition 赢得权力individual goal 个人目标power seeker 权力的追求者induce cooperation 促使合作pressing deskwork 紧迫的案头工作informal influence 非正式影响promote visibility 提高显著程度informational function 信息功能public speaking skills 演讲技能interactions 相互交流relevance of the work 工作的实用性interpersonal activities 交际活动leader power 领导权力sense of timing 选择时机的意识leadership arts 领导艺术serve on committee 在委员会任职leadership position 领导职位sheer willingness 完全积极主动leadership responsibility 领导责任show one’s stuff 展现自我leadership science 领导科学sincere interest 真诚的兴趣legitimate reason 正当理由sneaky tactics 卑鄙的手段low-power position 低等的权利职务subgroup goal 子群体目标subordinate 下属make a good impression 留下好印象technical decision-making 技术决策technical expertise 专业技术managerial job 管理工作managerial skills 管理技能workers’ grievnances 工人的抱怨net influence 净影响account holder 开户人account number 账号automatic teller machine 自动取款机average rate of interest 平均利率balance 余额bank depositor 银行储户bank teller 银行出纳员banking regulations 银行管理制度bounce burglar alarm 被银行退票cancelled check 防盗警报certificate of deposit 已注销的支票checking account 存单close an account 结清账户demand account 活期账户demand deposit 活期存款deposit inducement 吸纳存款deposit interest 银行利息depositor 存款人deposit 存款overdrawn 透支的paid check 已付支票passbook saving 存折储蓄payee 收款人petty current deposit 小额活期存款predetermined maturity 预先规定的到期日rate limit 利率限制receiving teller 收款员record keeping 记账saver 储户saving account 储蓄账户saving deposit 储蓄存款savings bank 储蓄银行service charge 服务费source of funding 资金来源statement 结算清单early withdrawal 提前取款effective overall cost 实际总成本explicit interest 现付利息fixed maturity 规定到期日fixed rate 固定利率flexible maturity 灵活到期日insufficient funds 资金不足interest penalty 罚息interest – bearing deposit 计息liquidity reserves 流动性储备资金make additions 增加存款make withdrawals 提款maturity 到期日negotiable certificates of deposit 可转让存单negotiable instrument 流通票据negotiable order of withdrawal accounts 可转让提款单账户nonnegotiable 不能转让的note circulation 钞票流通open an account 开户头a order of withdrawal 提款命令out of business 破产outstanding check 未竞现支票overdrawn account 透支账户stop payment order 止付令stopping payment on a check 停付支票terminate the account 结束账户time deposit 定期存款trustworthy 可依赖的uniformed guard 便衣保安unobstructed counter 没有障碍的护栏variable – rate 浮动利率vaults 保管库volume of deposits 存款量withdrawal application 提款申请withdrawal order 提款命令，支取单withdrawal receipt 提款收据withdrawal 取款working balance 往来余额accounting 会计、会计学financial transactions 金融交易financial statements 财务报表public accountant 公共会计师、会计师certified public accountant 执业会计师Accepted Accounting Principles 公认会计原则audit 审计statement 报表periodic statements 定期报表balance sheet 资产负债表income statement 收益表、损益表asset accounts 资产账户current assets 流动资产revenue 收入、收益expenses 支出、开支net income 净利润operating income 营业收入interest expense 利息支出income before tax 税前收入gross profit 毛利depreciation 折旧accumulated depreciation 累计折旧owner’s equity 业主权益、业主产权bad debt 坏账备抵savings and loans 储蓄与放款、信用合作社brokerage firms 经纪人事务所control operations 控制经营活动cost – effectiveness balance 成本效益平衡原则creditor 债权人net profit margin 纯利润率notes payable 应付票据posting 过账solvency 偿付能力working capital 运营资本、流动资本informed decisions 精明的决策internal control 内部控制原则account payable 应付账款accounts receivable 应收账款accumulated deficit 累计亏损absentee ballot 缺席投票balance sheet 资产负债表better returns 更好的回报broker 股票经纪人business prospects 业务展望buy a call 买进期权call price 股票购进价格chart 走势图common stock 普通股company effect 公司的影响core businesses 核心行业current price of gold 黄金现价current share price 股票现价dividend 股息dominant factor 决定因素draw lines to find resistance 找阻力线draw lines to find support 找支持势线draw lines to find trends 画走势线earnings outlook 盈利潜能earnings per share 第股盈利earnings trend 赢利趋势economic uncertainty 经济不稳定exercise price 认购价exercise the option 行使有关期权external factor 外在因素financial ratios 财务比率financial strength 财务实力forward contract 远期合同fundamental analysis 基本面分析fundamental of the company 公司的基本面future price movement 未来股价走势futures contract 期货合同hire-purchase company 租赁信托公司historical records 历史记录income statement 损益表stock return 股票回报stock trading 股票交易strong economic growth强势经济增长superior returns 优厚的回报supply-demand balance 供求平衡sustain a loss 蒙受亏损balance sheet items 资产与负债表的项目indicator 指标，指数information economy 信息经济initial public stock offerings 公开发行的原始股intrinsic value 实际价值investor 投资人issue additional stock 增发股票joint stock company 合股公司market factor 市场因素market movement 市场行情market prices 市场价格market system 市场经济体制move in a uptrend 持续攀升normal economic forces 正常经济力量option 期权overwhelming evidence 非常明确的证据part – owner 合伙股东price movements 股价走势price of a stock 股价price of the call 买进期权的价格price of the put 卖出期权的价格price – earnings ratio 价格收益比率professional investor 专业投资者proxy 代理投票sell short the shares 卖空股票sequence of analysis 分析的先后顺序share price 股价shareholder 股东size of the loss 亏损程度stock exchange 证券交易所stock information 股票信息stock market 股市stock price 股价tech stock 高科技股票technical analysis 技术分析undervalued 贬值的unstableness of market 市场不稳定upward price trend 股价逐步升高volume of a stock 成交量voting power 表决权share, equity, stock 股票、股权bond, debenture, debts 债券negotiable share 可流通股份convertible bond 可转换债券treasury/ government bond 国库券/ 政府债券corporate bond 企业债券closed – end securities investment fund封闭式证券投资基金open – end securities investment fund 开放式证券投资基金fund manager 基金经理/ 管理公司fund custodian bank 基金托管银行market capitalization 市值p/ e (price/ earning) ratio 市盈率mark – to – market 逐日盯市payment versus delivery 银券交付clearing and settlement 清算/ 结算commodity/ financial derivatives 商品/ 金融衍生产品put/ call option 看跌/ 看涨期权margins, collateral 保证金rights issue/ offering 配股bonus share 红股dividend 红利/ 股息ADR (American Depository Receipt) 美国存托凭证/ 存股证GDR (Global Depository Receipt) 全球存托凭证/ 存股证retail/ private investor 个人投资者/ 散户institutional investor 机构投资者broker/ dealer 券商proprietary trading 自营insider trading/ dealing 内幕交易market manipulation 市场操纵prospectus 招股说明书IPO (Initial Public Offering) 新股/ 初始公开发行merger and acquisition 收购兼并marketing concept 营销观念，营销概念marketing program 营销计划marketing mix 营销组合marketing channel 营销渠道marketing research 市场调研，营销调研target market 目标市场marketer 市场商人，商家production-oriented 面向生产的consumer-oriented 面向消费者的consumer satisfaction 消费者感到满意distribution system 销售系统，分销渠道distribution channel 销售渠道sales force 销售队伍promotion 促销advertising 广告personal selling 向个人推销publicity 宣传，媒体宣传sales promotion 促销promotion activity 促销活动demonstration 展示，展示会sweepstake 抽奖free sample 免费赠送的样品coupon 赠券，订货附单resaler 转售商intermediary 中间商，中间人middleman 中间商，中间人mass selling 大批销售research method 研究方法potential customer 潜在客户primary data 原始数据，原始资料，第一手资料consumer reaction 消费者的反应inventory control 存货，库存warehousing 仓储storing 储存grading 分类，分级risk taking 承担风险wholesale 批发retail 零售to identify customer needs 认清客户需求to obtain information 获得信息to collect/ gather data 收集资料to interpret data 分析资料to run the risk of failure 冒失败的风险tangible product 有形产品intangible product 无形产品consumer product 消费产品industrial product 工业产品，供工业使用的产品competing product 竞争产品sample product 样品产品potential product 潜在产品life cycle of a product 产品生命周期introduction 引入期growth 成长期maturity 成熟期decline 衰退期potential profitability 潜在获利可能性marketing mix 营销组合promotion 促销promotion cost 促销成本gross national product (GNP) 国民生产总值research and development (R&D) 研究与开发market research 市场调查product development 产品开发text marketing 试营销customer loyalty 顾客忠诚度distribution channels 销售渠道consumer taste 消费者爱好buying motive 购买动机purchasing habits 购买习惯expert examination专家鉴定opinion leader 引导舆论的专家或行家packaging 包装brand 商标，牌号label 标识，标签to make a purchase 购买to fend off competitors 排除竞争者to break even 收支相抵，持平to meet the needs and expectations of customers 满足消费者的需求和期望to be outdated 过时ad valorem tariff 从价关税balance of payment 国际收支balance – of – payments deficit 国际收支逆差bill of exchange 汇票business norms 商业准则capital resources 资本财源commercial credit 商业信用competitive advantage 竞争优势conflicts of interest 利益矛盾consumer protection 消费者保护currency 货币customs duty 关税deficit 逆差depreciate 贬值documentary credit 跟单信用证domestic demand 国内需求domestic trade 国内贸易dominate 支配，占优势dumping 倾销economic motivation 经济动机encash 兑现ethnocentric 种族中心倾向excessive interventionism 过度干预主义exchange rate 兑换率export intelligence department 出口信息部export market 出口市场export subsidies 出口补贴exportable commodities 可供出口的商品favorable balance of payments 国际收支顺差financial assistance 财政资助fluctuation 波动foreign currency 外币free interflow 自由流通free trading system 自由贸易体系government intervention 政府干预government purchases政府采购high technology 高科技技术import commitment 进口承诺importing agent 进口代理商importing and exporting firms 进出口公司importing channel 进口渠道independent currency system 独立货币体系infant industry argument 幼稚工业保护论international trade 国际贸易intervene with trade 干预贸易interventionist 干涉主义者invisible trade 无形贸易locally produced products 本地生产的产品market economy 市场经济mercantilism 营利主义mercantilist theory 重商主义者的理论merchant 商人monetary conversion 货币兑换national security 国家安全nonsubsidized industry 非补贴工业profit margins 利润幅度quota 配额redistribution of resources 资源重新分配register of shipping 船籍登记relative differences 相对差异retaliatory tariff 报复性关税run deficits 遭受逆差separate treatment 分别对待start – up period 起步阶段surplus 顺差tariff for retaliation 报复关税tariff 关税technical assistance 技术协助trade barrier 贸易壁垒Trade Protectionism 贸易保护主义trade restrictions 贸易限制trade surplus 贸易顺差trade theory 贸易理论trade – expanding devices 贸易扩张手段trade – restricting devices 贸易限制手段trading partner 贸易伙伴unfamiliar territories 陌生的地域unfavorable 逆差的values of imports 进口价值visible trade 有形贸易welfare economy 福利经济welfare state 福利国家career planning 职业计划career path 职业道路career development 职业发展self-assessment 自我评价career anchors 职业动机incentive compensation 奖金profit sharing 分红制frequency rate 频率stress 紧张role conflict 角色冲突union 工会local union 地方工会craft union 行业工会industrial union 产业工会national union 全国工会bargaining union 谈判组collective bargaining 劳资谈判arbitration 仲裁strike 罢工internal employee relations 内部员工关系discipline 纪律disciplinary action 纪律处分grievance 申诉demotion 降职transfer 调动promotion 晋升corporate culture 企业文化organizational culture 企业文化esprit de corps [法]团结精神；集体精神sense of identity 认同感sense of togetherness 团结一致的感觉shared values 员工共同拥有的价值观念organizational motto 企业格言role models 模范；学习榜样number 1 rule 最重要的规则；头等大事informal system of rules 不成文的规章制度bureaucracy 官僚主义company uniform 公司制服probation period 试用期proving period 证明自己的阶段；试用期standard of performance 衡量工作表现或业绩的标准quality product 优质产品timely service 及时服务rites and rituals 仪式employee stock ownership plan 员工拥有股份的计划profit-sharing program 利润分享方案to indoctrinate 灌输信仰或意识to brainwash 洗脑to communicate culture 传播企业文化to promote corporate culture 促进企业文化to fashion a specific value system 形成具体的价值体系to emulate somebody 学习某人to motivate employees 激励员工organization development, OD 组织发展survey feedback 调查反馈quality circles 质量圈management by objective, MBO 目标管理Total Quality Management, TQM 全面质量管理team building 团队建设cohesive force in enterprise 企业凝聚力detail management 细节管理core value 核心价值corporate principle 企业准则organizational effectiveness 机构效能result oriented 结果定向stability 稳定性innovation 创新initiative 主动human relationship 人际关系competitive 竞争enterprising 进取心loyalty 忠诚ambition 雄心cooperation 合作integrity 诚信teamwork 团队execution 执行tenacity 坚韧glory 辉煌ethics 道德标准business concept 经营理念cohesive force in enterprise 企业凝聚力corporate image (CI) / enterprise image 企业形象EOI 意向申请。

供应链专业术语缩写及含义

供应链专业术语缩写及含义1. SCM -供应链管理(Supply Chain Management)供应链管理是指在产品或服务从原始材料生产到最终用户使用的整个过程中，协调和管理各个环节，以实现高效的运作和最大程度的客户满意度。

2. ERP -企业资源规划(Enterprise Resource Planning)企业资源规划是一种集成管理系统，通过整合企业内部的各个部门和业务流程，提高资源利用效率，优化供应链流程。

3. WMS -仓储管理系统(Warehouse Management System)仓储管理系统是一种用于管理和优化仓库操作的软件系统，包括入库、出库、库存管理、订单处理等功能。

4. TMS -运输管理系统(Transportation Management System)运输管理系统是一种用于优化货物运输和配送过程的软件系统，包括路线规划、运输成本管理、运输跟踪等功能。

5. GPS -全球定位系统(Global Positioning System)全球定位系统是一种卫星导航系统，用于确定物品或车辆的精确位置，提高运输过程的可视化和管理效率。

6. RFID -射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification)射频识别技术是一种利用无线电信号来识别和跟踪物品或货物的技术，可以实现物流信息的实时采集和监控。

7. JIT -及时制(Just-In-Time)及时制是一种生产和库存管理方法，通过在需要时准确生产所需数量的产品，以减少库存和提高效率。

8. SLA -服务水平协议(Service Level Agreement)服务水平协议是一种合同或协议，规定供应商或物流服务提供商应达到的服务水平标准和指标。

9. KPI -关键绩效指标(Key Performance Indicator)关键绩效指标是用于衡量供应链绩效的重要指标，可以是成本、交货准时率、库存周转率等。

TCSAE 53-2017国内V2X应用层标准

中国汽车工程学会标准
T/CSAE 53-2017
合作式智能运输系统车用通信系统应用层及应用数据交互标准
Cooperative intelligent transportation system; vehicular communication; apa exchange standard
（报批稿）
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中国汽车工程学会发布
由中国汽车工程学会发布的本标准，旨在提升产品研发、制造等的水平。标准的采用完全自愿，其对于任何特定用途的可用性和适用性，包括可能的其他风险，由采用者自行负责。
5.2.2.1 应用定义和预期效果................................................... 6 5.2.2.2 主要场景............................................................. 6 5.2.2.3 系统基本原理......................................................... 7 5.2.2.4 通信方式............................................................. 8 5.2.2.5 基本性能要求......................................................... 8 5.2.2.6 数据交互需求......................................................... 8 5.2.3 交叉路口碰撞预警......................................................... 9 5.2.3.1 应用定义和预期效果................................................... 9 5.2.2.2 主要场景............................................................. 9 5.2.3.3 系统基本原理........................................................ 10 5.2.3.4 通信方式............................................................ 10 5.2.3.5 基本性能要求........................................................ 11 5.2.3.6 数据交互需求........................................................ 11 5.2.4 左转辅助................................................................ 11 5.2.4.1 应用定义和预期效果.................................................. 11 5.2.4.2 主要场景............................................................ 11 5.2.4.3 系统基本原理........................................................ 12 5.2.4.4 通信方式............................................................ 13 5.2.4.5 基本性能要求........................................................ 13 5.2.4.6 数据交互需求........................................................ 13 5.2.5 盲区预警 / 变道预警...................................................... 13

高三英语经济词汇单选题30题

高三英语经济词汇单选题30题1. The local government is trying to boost the ______ by attracting more businesses.A. profitB. economyC. costD. revenue答案：B。

解析：本题考查经济词汇的辨析。

A选项“profit”指利润，通常是企业在扣除成本后所获得的收益；B选项“economy”表示经济，当地政府吸引更多企业的目的通常是促进整体经济的发展，符合题意；C选项“cost”指成本，与吸引企业以促进发展的逻辑不符；D 选项“revenue”指收入，主要强调的是企业或政府的财政收入，没有“economy”全面准确地表达促进整体发展的意思。

2. A company's ______ is the money it makes after paying all its expenses.A. incomeB. profitC. budgetD. expense答案：B。

解析：A选项“income”是收入的统称，没有明确表明是扣除成本后的收入；B选项“profit”准确地表示公司在支付所有费用之后所赚取的钱，也就是利润，符合题意；C选项“budget”是预算，与扣除费用后的所得无关；D选项“expense”是费用，与题意要求的扣除费用后的所得相反。

3. The high ______ of raw materials has increased the production ______ for many factories.A. price; costB. value; profitC. cost; priceD. expense; income答案：A。

解析：第一个空，“price”指价格，原材料的高价格会影响成本，“value”更多表示价值，不太符合这里的语境；第二个空，“cost”指成本，原材料价格高会增加工厂的生产成本，“profit”是利润，“income”是收入，“expense”是费用，都不符合此处逻辑。

巴塞尔资本协议中英文完整版(05第一部分(英文))

Basel Committeeon Banking SupervisionConsultative Document The NewBasel Capital Accord Issued for comment by 31 July 2003 April 2003Table of ContentsPart 1: Scope of A pplication (1)A. Introduction (1)B. Banking, securities and other financial subsidiaries (1)C. Significant minority investments in banking, securities and other financial entities (2)D. Insurance entities (2)E. Significant investments in commercial entities (4)F. Deduction of investments pursuant to this part (4)Part 2: The First Pillar - Minimum Capital Requirements (6)I. Calculation of minimum capital requirements (6)II. Credit Risk - The Standardised Approach (6)A. The standardised approach - general rules (6)1. Individual claims (7)(i) Claims on sovereigns (7)(ii) Claims on non-central government public sector entities (PSEs) (8)(iii) Claims on multilateral development banks (MDBs) (8)(iv) Claims on banks (9)(v) Claims on securities firms (10)(vi) Claims on corporates (10)(vii) Claims included in the regulatory retail portfolios (11)(viii) Claims secured by residential property (11)(ix) Claims secured by commercial real estate (12)(x) Past due loans (12)(xi) Higher-risk categories (13)(xii) Other assets (13)(xiii) Off-balance sheet items (13)2. External credit assessments (14)(i) The recognition process (14)(ii) Eligibility criteria (14)3. Implementation considerations (15)(i) The mapping process (15)(ii) Multiple assessments (15)(iii) Issuer versus issues assessment (15)(iv) Domestic currency and foreign currency assessments (16)(v) Short term/long term assessments (16)(vi) Level of application of the assessment (17)(vii) Unsolicited ratings (17)B. The standardised approach - credit risk mitigation (17)1. Overarching issues (17)(i) Introduction (17)(ii) General remarks (18)(iii) Legal certainty (18)2. Overview of Credit Risk Mitigation Techniques (19)(i) Collateralised transactions (19)(ii) On-balance sheet netting (21)(iii) Guarantees and credit derivatives (21)(iv) Maturity mismatch (21)(v) Miscellaneous (22)3. Collateral (22)(i) Eligible financial collateral (22)(ii) The comprehensive approach (23)(iii) The simple approach (31)(iv) Collateralised OTC derivatives transactions (32)4. On-balance sheet netting (32)5. Guarantees and credit derivatives (33)(i) Operational requirements (33)(ii) Range of eligible guarantors/protection providers (35)(iii) Risk weights (35)(iv) Currency mismatches (36)(v) Sovereign guarantees (36)6. Maturity mismatches (37)(i) Definition of maturity (37)(ii) Risk weights for maturity mismatches (37)7. Other items related to the treatment of CRM techniques (37)(i) Treatment of pools of CRM techniques (37)(ii) First-to-default credit derivatives (38)(iii) Second-to-default credit derivatives (38)III. Credit Risk - The Internal Ratings-Based Approach (38)A. Overview (38)B. Mechanics of the IRB Approach (39)1. Categorisation of exposures (39)(i) Definition of corporate exposures (39)(ii) Definition of sovereign exposures (41)(iii) Definition of bank exposures (41)(iv) Definition of retail exposures (41)(v) Definition of qualifying revolving retail exposures (42)(vi) Definition of equity exposures (43)(vii) Definition of eligible purchased receivables (45)2. Foundation and advanced approaches (46)(i) Corporate, sovereign, and bank exposures (46)(ii) Retail exposures (47)(iii) Equity exposures (47)(iv) Eligible purchased receivables (47)3. Adoption of the IRB approach across asset classes (47)4. Transition arrangements (48)(i) Parallel calculation for banks adopting the advanced approach (48)(ii) Corporate, sovereign, bank, and retail exposures (48)(iii) Equity exposures (49)C. Rules for Corporate, Sovereign, and Bank Exposures (49)1. Risk-weighted assets for corporate, sovereign, and bank exposures (50)(i) Formula for derivation of risk weights (50)(ii) Firm-size adjustment for small and medium-sized entities (SME) (50)(iii) Risk weights for specialised lending (51)2. Risk components (52)(i) Probability of Default (PD) (52)(ii) Loss Given Default (LGD) (52)(iii) Exposure at Default (EAD) (56)(iv) Effective Maturity (M) (58)D. Rules for Retail Exposures (59)1. Risk-weighted assets for retail exposures (59)(i) Residential mortgage exposures (60)(ii) Qualifying revolving retail exposures (60)(iii) Other retail exposures (60)2. Risk components (61)(i) Probability of default (PD) and loss given default (LGD) (61)(ii) Recognition of guarantees and credit derivatives (61)(iii) Exposure at default (EAD) (61)E. Rules for Equity Exposures (62)1. Risk weighted assets for equity exposures (62)(i) Market-based approach (62)(ii) PD/LGD approach (63)(iii) Exclusions to the market-based and PD/LGD approaches (64)2. Risk components (64)F. Rules for Purchased Receivables (65)1. Risk-weighted assets for default risk (65)(i) Purchased retail receivables (65)(ii) Purchased corporate receivables (65)2. Risk-weighted assets for dilution risk (67)(i) Treatment of purchased discounts (67)(ii) Recognition of guarantees (67)G. Recognition of Provisions (68)H. Minimum Requirements for IRB Approach (69)1. Composition of minimum requirements (69)2. Compliance with minimum requirements (70)3. Rating system design (70)(i) Rating dimensions (70)(ii) Rating structure (71)(iii) Rating criteria (72)(iv) Assessment horizon (73)(v) Use of models (73)(vi) Documentation of rating system design (74)4. Risk rating system operations (75)(i) Coverage of ratings (75)(ii) Integrity of rating process (75)(iii) Overrides (76)(iv) Data maintenance (76)(v) Stress tests used in assessment of capital adequacy (77)5. Corporate governance and oversight (77)(i) Corporate governance (77)(ii) Credit risk control (78)(iii) Internal and external audit (78)6. Use of internal ratings (79)7. Risk quantification (79)(i) Overall requirements for estimation (79)(ii) Definition of default (80)(iii) Re-ageing (81)(iv) Treatment of overdrafts (82)(v) Definition of loss - all asset classes (82)(vi) Requirements specific to PD estimation (82)(vii) Requirements specific to own-LGD estimates (83)(viii) Requirements specific to own-EAD estimates (84)(ix) Minimum requirements for assessing effect of guarantees and credit derivatives (86)(x) Minimum requirements for estimating PD and LGD (EL) (87)8. Validation of internal estimates (89)9. Supervisory LGD and EAD estimates (90)(i) Definition of eligibility of CRE and RRE as collateral (90)(ii) Operational requirements for eligible CRE/RRE (91)(iii) Requirements for recognition of financial receivables (92)10. Requirements for recognition of leasing (94)11. Calculation of capital charges for equity exposures (94)(i) The internal models market-based approach (94)(ii) Capital charge and risk quantification (95)(iii) Risk management process and controls (96)(iv) Validation and documentation (97)12. Disclosure requirements (99)IV. C redit Risk - Securitisation Framework (99)A. Scope and definitions of transactions covered under the securitisation framework 99B. Definitions (100)1. Different roles played by banks (100)(i) Investing bank (100)(ii) Originating bank (100)2. General terminology (101)(i) Clean-up call (101)(ii) Credit enhancement (101)(iii) Early amortisation (101)(iv) Excess spread (101)(v) Implicit support (101)(vi) Special purpose entity (SPE) (102)C. Operational requirements for the recognition of risk transference (102)1. Operational requirements for traditional securitisations (102)2. Operational requirements for synthetic securitisations (103)3. Operational requirements and treatment of clean-up calls (103)D. Treatment of securitisation exposures (104)1. Minimum capital requirement (104)(i) Deduction (104)(ii) Implicit support (104)2. Operational requirements for use of external credit assessments (104)3. Standardised approach for securitisation exposures (105)(i) Scope (105)(ii) Risk weights (105)(iii) Exceptions to general treatment of unrated securitisation exposures (106)(iv) Credit conversion factors for off-balance sheet exposures (107)(v) Recognition of credit risk mitigants (108)(vi) Capital requirement for early amortisation provisions (109)(vii) Determination of CCFs for controlled early amortisation features (110)(viii) Determination of CCFs for non-controlled early amortisation features .. 1114. Internal ratings-based approach for securitisation exposures (112)(i) Scope (112)(ii) Definition of K IRB (113)(iii) Hierarchy of approaches (113)(iv) Maximum capital requirement (114)(v) Rating Based Approach (RBA) (114)(vi) Supervisory Formula (SF) (116)(vii) Liquidity facilities (119)(viii) Eligible servicer cash advance facilities (119)(ix) Recognition of credit risk mitigants (119)(x) Capital requirements for early amortisation provisions (120)V. Operational Risk (120)A. Definition of operational risk (120)B. The Measurement methodologies (120)1. The Basic Indicator Approach (121)2. The Standardised Approach (122)3. Advanced Measurement Approach (AMA) (123)C. Qualifying criteria (123)1. General criteria (123)2. Standardised approach (124)3. Advanced measurement approaches (125)(i) Qualitative standards (125)(ii) Quantitative standards (126)(iii) Risk mitigation (129)D. Partial use (130)VI. T rading book issues (131)A. Definition of the trading book (131)B. Prudent valuation guidance (132)1. Systems and controls (132)2. Valuation methodologies (132)(i) Marking to market (132)(ii) Marking to model (133)(iii) Independence price verification (133)3. Valuation adjustments or reserves (134)C. Treatment of counterparty credit risk in the trading book (134)D. Trading book capital treatment for specific risk under the standardisedmethodology (135)1. Specific risk capital charges for government paper (135)2. Specific risk rules for unrated debt securities (135)3. Specific risk capital charges for positions hedged by credit derivatives (136)4. Add-on factor for credit derivatives (137)Part 3: The Second Pillar - Supervisory Review Process (138)A. Importance of supervisory review (138)B. Four key principles for supervisory review (139)C. Specific issues to be addressed under the supervisory review process (145)D. Other aspects of the supervisory review process (151)Part 4: The Third Pillar - Market Discipline (154)A. General considerations (154)1. Disclosure requirements (154)2. Guiding principles (154)3. Achieving appropriate disclosure (154)4. Interaction with accounting disclosures (155)5. Materiality (155)6. Frequency (156)7. Proprietary and confidential information (156)B. The disclosure requirements (156)1. General disclosure principle (156)2. Scope of application (157)3. Capital (158)4. Risk exposure and assessment (159)(i) General qualitative disclosure requirement (160)(ii) Credit risk (160)(iii) Market risk (167)(iv) Operational risk (168)(v) Interest rate risk in the banking book (168)Annex 1 The 15% of Tier 1 Limit on Innovative Instruments (169)Annex 2 Standardised Approach - Implementing the Mapping Process (170)Annex 3 Illustrative IRB risk weights (174)Annex 4 Supervisory Slotting Criteria for Specialised Lending (176)Annex 5 Illustrative Examples : Calculating the Effect of Credit Risk Mitigationunder Supervisory Formula (195)Annex 6 Mapping of Business Lines (199)Annex 7 Detailed loss event type classification (202)Annex 8 Overview of Methodologies for the Capital Treatment of Transactions Secured by Financial Collateral under the Standardised and IRB Approaches (204)Annex 9 The Simplified Standardised Approach (206)AcronymsABCP Asset-backed commercial paperADC Acquisition, development and constructionAMA Advanced measurement approachesASA Alternative standardised approachCCF Credit conversion factorCDR Cumulative default rateCF Commodities financeCRM Credit risk mitigationEAD Exposure at defaultECA Export credit agencyECAI External credit assessment institutionEL Expected lossFMI Future margin incomeHVCRE High-volatility commercial real estateIPRE Income-producing real estateIRB approach Internal ratings-based approachLGD Loss given defaultM Effective maturityMDB Multilateral development bankNIF Note issuance facilityOF Object financePD Probability of defaultPF Project financePSE Public sector entityRBA Ratings-based approachRUF Revolving underwriting facilitySF Supervisory formulaSL Specialised lendingSME Small- and medium-sized enterpriseSPE Special purpose entityUCITS Undertakings for collective investments in transferable securities UL Unexpected lossPart 1: Scope of ApplicationA. Introduction1. The New Basel Capital Accord (the New Accord) will be applied on a consolidated basis to internationally active banks. This is the best means to preserve the integrity of capital in banks with subsidiaries by eliminating double gearing.2. The scope of application of the Accord will be extended to include, on a fully consolidated basis, any holding company that is the parent entity within a banking group to ensure that it captures the risk of the whole banking group.1 Banking groups are groups that engage predominantly in banking activities and, in some countries, a banking group may be registered as a bank.3. The Accord will also apply to all internationally active banks at every tier within a banking group, also on a fully consolidated basis (see illustrative chart at the end of this section).2 A three-year transitional period for applying full sub-consolidation will be provided for those countries where this is not currently a requirement.4. Further, as one of the principal objectives of supervision is the protection of depositors, it is essential to ensure that capital recognised in capital adequacy measures is readily available for those depositors. Accordingly, supervisors should test that individual banks are adequately capitalised on a stand-alone basis.B. Banking, securities and other financial subsidiaries5. To the greatest extent possible, all banking and other relevant financial activities3 (both regulated and unregulated) conducted within a group containing an internationally active bank will be captured through consolidation. Thus, majority-owned or-controlled banking entities, securities entities (where subject to broadly similar regulation or where securities activities are deemed banking activities) and other financial entities4 should generally be fully consolidated.6. Supervisors will assess the appropriateness of recognising in consolidated capital the minority interests that arise from the consolidation of less than wholly owned banking,1 A holding company that is a parent of a banking group may itself have a parent holding company. In somestructures, this parent holding company may not be subject to this Accord because it is not considered a parent of a banking group.2As an alternative to full sub-consolidation, the application of the Accord to the stand-alone bank (i.e. on a basis that does not consolidate assets and liabilities of subsidiaries) would achieve the same objective, providing the full book value of any investments in subsidiaries and significant minority-owned stakes is deducted from the bank's capital.3In Part 1, “financial activities” do not include insurance activities and “financial entities” do not include insurance entities.4Examples of the types of activities that financial entities might be involved in include financial leasing, issuing credit cards, portfolio management, investment advisory, custodial and safekeeping services and other similar activities that are ancillary to the business of banking.1securities or other financial entities. Supervisors will adjust the amount of such minority interests that may be included in capital in the event the capital from such minority interests is not readily available to other group entities.7. There may be instances where it is not feasible or desirable to consolidate certain securities or other regulated financial entities. This would be only in cases where such holdings are acquired through debt previously contracted and held on a temporary basis, are subject to different regulation, or where non-consolidation for regulatory capital purposes is otherwise required by law. In such cases, it is imperative for the bank supervisor to obtain sufficient information from supervisors responsible for such entities.8. If any majority-owned securities and other financial subsidiaries are not consolidated for capital purposes, all equity and other regulatory capital investments in those entities attributable to the group will be deducted, and the assets and liabilities, as well as third-party capital investments in the subsidiary will be removed from the bank’s balance sheet. Supervisors will ensure that the entity that is not consolidated and for which the capital investment is deducted meets regulatory capital requirements. Supervisors will monitor actions taken by the subsidiary to correct any capital shortfall and, if it is not corrected in a timely manner, the shortfall will also be deducted from the parent ba nk’s capital.C. Significant minority investments in banking, securities and otherfinancial entities9. Significant minority investments in banking, securities and other financial entities, where control does not exist, will be excluded from the banking g roup’s capital by deduction of the equity and other regulatory investments. Alternatively, such investments might be, under certain conditions, consolidated on a pro rata basis. For example, pro rata consolidation may be appropriate for joint ventures or where the supervisor is satisfied that the parent is legally or de facto expected to support the entity on a proportionate basis only and the other significant shareholders have the means and the willingness to proportionately support it. The threshold above which minority investments will be deemed significant and be thus either deducted or consolidated on a pro-rata basis is to be determined by national accounting and/or regulatory practices. As an example, the threshold for pro-rata inclusion in the European Union is defined as equity interests of between 20% and 50%.10. The Committee reaffirms the view set out in the 1988 Accord that reciprocal cross-holdings of bank capital artificially designed to inflate the capital position of banks will be deducted for capital adequacy purposes.D. Insurance entities11. A bank that owns an insurance subsidiary bears the full entrepreneurial risks of the subsidiary and should recognise on a group-wide basis the risks included in the whole group. When measuring regulatory capital for banks, the Committee believes that at this stage it is, in principle, appropriate to deduct banks’ equity and other regulatory capital investments in insurance subsidiaries and also significant minority investments in insurance entities. Under this approach the bank would remove from its balance sheet assets and liabilities, as well as third party capital investments in an insurance subsidiary. Alternative approaches that can be 2applied should, in any case, include a group-wide perspective for determining capital adequacy and avoid double counting of capital.12. Due to issues of competitive equality, some G10 countries will retain their existing risk weighting treatment5 as an exception to the approaches described above and introduce risk aggregation only on a consistent basis to that applied domestically by insurance supervisors for insurance firms with banking subsidiaries.6 The Committee invites insurance supervisors to develop further and adopt approaches that comply with the above standards.13. Banks should disclose the national regulatory approach used with respect to insurance entities in determining their reported capital positions.14. The capital invested in a majority-owned or controlled insurance entity may exceed the amount of regulatory capital required for such an entity (surplus capital). Supervisors may permit the recognition of such surplus capital in calculating a bank’s capital adequacy, under limited circumstances.7 National regulatory practices will determine the parameters and criteria, such as legal transferability, for assessing the amount and availability of surplus capital that could be recognised in bank capital. Other examples of availability criteria include: restrictions on transferability due to regulatory constraints, to tax implications and to adverse impacts on external credit assessment institutions’ ratings. Banks recognising surplus capital in insurance subsidiaries will publicly disclose the amount of such surplus capital recognised in their capital. Where a bank does not have a full ownership interest in an insurance entity (e.g. 50% or more but less than 100% interest), surplus capital recognised should be proportionate to the percentage interest held. Surplus capital in significant minority-owned insurance entities will not be recognised, as the bank would not be in a position to direct the transfer of the capital in an entity which it does not control.15. Supervisors will ensure that majority-owned or controlled insurance subsidiaries, which are not consolidated and for which capital investments are deducted or subject to an alternative group-wide approach, are themselves adequately capitalised to reduce the possibility of future potential losses to the bank. Supervisors will monitor actions taken by the subsidiary to correct any capital shortfall and, if it is not corrected in a timely manner, the shortfall will also be deducted from the parent bank’s capital.5For banks using the standardised approach this would mean applying no less than a 100% risk weight, while for banks on the IRB approach, the appropriate risk weight based on the IRB rules shall apply to such investments.6Where the existing treatment is retained, third party capital invested in the insurance subsidiary (i.e. minority interests) cannot be included in the bank’s capital adequacy measurement.7In a deduction approach, the amount deducted for all equity and other regulatory capital investments will be adjusted to reflect the amount of capital in those entities that is in surplus to regulatory requirements, i.e. the amount deducted would be the lesser of the investment or the regulatory capital requirement. The amount representing the surplus capital, i.e. the difference between the amount of the investment in those entities and their regulatory capital requirement, would be risk-weighted as an equity investment. If using an alternative group-wide approach, an equivalent treatment of surplus capital will be made.3E. Significant investments in commercial entities16. Significant minority and majority investments in commercial entities which exceed certain materiality levels will be deducted from banks’ capital. Materiality levels will be determined by national accounting and/or regulatory practices. Materiality levels of 15% of the bank’s capital for indiv idual significant investments in commercial entities and 60% of the bank’s capital for the aggregate of such investments, or stricter levels, will be applied. The amount to be deducted will be that portion of the investment that exceeds the materiality level.17. Investments in significant minority- and majority-owned and controlled commercial entities below the materiality levels noted above will be risk weighted at no lower than 100% for banks using the standardised approach. For banks using the IRB approach, the investment would be risk weighted in accordance with the methodology the Committee is developing for equities and would not be less than 100%.F. Deduction of investments pursuant to this part18. Where deductions of investments are made pursuant to this part on scope of application, the deductions will be 50% from Tier 1 and 50% from Tier 2.19. Goodwill relating to entities subject to a deduction approach pursuant to this part should be deducted from Tier 1 in the same manner as goodwill relating to consolidated subsidiaries, and the remainder of the investments should be deducted as provided for in this part. A similar treatment of goodwill should be applied, if using an alternative group-wide approach pursuant to paragraph 11.20. The issuance of the final Accord will clarify that the limits on Tier 2 and Tier 3 capital and on innovative Tier 1 instruments will be based on the amount of Tier 1 capital after deduction of goodwill but before the deductions of investments pursuant to this part on scope of application (see Annex 1 for an example how to calculate the 15% limit for innovative Tier 1 instruments).4IL L U ST R A T IO N O F N E W SC O PE O F A PPL IC A T IO N O F T H E A C C O R D(1) B oundary of predom inant banking group. T he A ccord is to be applied at this level on a consolidated basis, i.e. up(paragraph 2).to holding com pany level .(2), (3)and (4): the A ccord is also to be applied at low e r levels to all internationally active banks on a consolidatedbasis.5。

巴塞尔协议(2018年FRM知识框架)

ratios. Corrective action is taken as soon as possible when problems
develops. 3. Pillar 3: Market Discipline Emphasizes the importance of risk disclosures in financial statements.
Introduction of Basel Accord – 1996 Amendment
★★
性质、计算
Internal Model- ① The value-at-risk measure was calculated with a 10-day time horizon Based Approach and a 99% confidence level. The capital requirement is
Total Capital Bank's Capital Ratio 8% Credit Risk Market Risk Operational Risk
④ The last two components in the denominator are computed from the multiplication of the market risk charge and operational risk charge by (1/8%) =12.5.
Basel II – Capital Requirements Key Points
★★★
性质、计算
Banks are required to carry enough capital to exceed the sum of the credit risk charge (CRO), the market risk charge (MRC), and the operational risk charge (ORC).

表面电阻率测试标准

表面电阻率测试标准1 Purpose:目的：1.1To define the requirements and procedures of surface resistivity test.本文旨在定义表面电阻测量的要求和步骤。

2 Scope:范围：2.1The test method described in the document cover directcurrent procedures forthe determination of DC surface resistance and surface resistivity of electricalmaterials.本方法用来测量电气材料的直流表面电阻，表面电阻率。

2.2This document shall be applicable to solid materials and products used and/orproduced by PEAK, except of metal materials..本规范适用于必佳公司内生产及使用的,除金属材料外，其它固体材料及产品的表面电阻和/或表面电阻率的测试。

3 Instrument ：测试仪器3.1MCPHT260 Resistivity meterMCPHT260型电阻率测试仪3.2Model PSI870 Surface Resistance/Resistivity IndicatorPSI870 型表面电阻/表面电阻率测试仪3.3PRF912 miniature concentric ring fixturePRF912型微型同心环型电极3.4SRM110 Surface Resistivity MeterSRM110 型表面电阻率测试仪。

4 External Reference documents:外部参考文件：4.1ASTM D25793 ：Standard test methods for DC resistance or conductance ofinsulating materials绝缘材料的直流电阻或电导实验方法4.2ASTM D4496: Test method for DC resistance or conductance of moderatelyconductive materials中等导电材料的直流电阻或电导实验方法。

职场客户黑话

职场客户黑话
1. POC：Proof of Concept（概念证明），指用来证明某项技术或产品能否实现商业化落地的小规模实验。

2. MVP: Minimum Viable Product（最小化可行产品），是指在最短时间、最低成本内完成最核心功能的产品。

3. KPI：Key Performance Indicator（关键绩效指标），指企业用于衡量业绩表现的重要指标。

4. ROI：Return on Investment（投资回报率），指投资带来的收益与投资成本的比值，在职场中被用于评估企业决策的有效性。

5. CTR： Click Through Rate（点击率），指广告或邮件等营销活动中，被点击的数量与同期发送总数的比值。

6. EOD： End of Day（工作日结束），指一天工作结束的时间点。

7. SLA： Service Level Agreement（服务水平协议），指在合作中，合作双方针对产品或服务的质量、时效等达成的协议。

8. ETA： Estimated Time of Arrival（预计到达时间），指某件物品或某人预计到达某地的时间。

9. OOO： Out of Office（办公室外），通常用于电子邮件自动回复中，表示收件人不在办公室。

10. TBA： To Be Announced（待宣布），常用于一些预计推出但具体时间未确定的产品或服务。

Instruction Manual

Instruction ManualSafety Information• The batteries of the guns and vests are not removable.• Do not let any parts of the set get wet.• This is a no-contact game; bumping or wrestling can get yourself hurt or damage your equipment.• Do not play in complete darkness or in wet or slippery conditions.• Have a responsible adult supervise young children, for safety, help with equipment, and enforcing the rules.• The long straps on the vest present a strangulation hazard.• This product does not use actual laser. It uses infrared technology with a 950nm wavelength. The beam is not visible.• Please retain packaging details for future reference.• The charging station may only be used with the transformer included.• Please check the transformer regularly for any damage to the cord, plug, or any other parts. In case of damage, do not use the transformer until it has been fixed.• Only connect the charging station to the recommended amount of power. • You must recycle the charging station, guns and vests. Please check with your local recycling center or with your retailer for information on how to recycle – do not throw it out with your household garbage.This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. Manufactured for:Champion Games LLCWilmington, DE 97208 USAFor any issues with the product please email us at**************************power button ﬂashlight buttonLCD Screen ﬂashlightshooting FX infrared sensor batteryindicator livesindicator ammo indicatorweapon mode buttons mutebutton reloadbuttonshooting FX team lighttriggerstealth modeteam light team selection button power button LCD screen livesindicator batteryindicator poweradapter gun charging portsvest charging cablesadd livesbutton subtract lives buttonneck strapwaiststraps buckle chargingportHow to playLaser tag is a game that pushes you to the limits of tactics, dexterity, and stamina. Even better, there aren’t too many game rules to memorize. Let’s review them:First, each player puts on a vest, chooses a gun, and sets both up according to the instructions below. You need a minimum of two people to play a game, and you can create up to four teams (red, blue, green, yellow).Next, players or teams head off in opposite directions and establish a home base. Once the game begins, each playeror team leaps into battle to eliminate opponents by shootingat and hitting their vests – while moving quickly and hiding, protecting themselves from getting shot! When a player hasno more lives left, he or she is out of the game and sent offthe field. The last player or team with remaining lives wins! Of course, you and your opponents can decide to rev up the game with other rules – just make sure you all agree.That’s all there is to it! Aside from picking teams, the only big choice to make – and this decision makes every game unique – is the play area. Look for a battleground with plenty of places to hide, to use as obstacles, and to strategize with – a simple, open space can get boring.There’s also the “accuracy” factor: The Laser Tag set does not use real, harmful laser beams; it uses safe infrared technology. That means you’ll get pinpoint accuracy in larger open areas.In a tight space, infrared signals can reflect off the walls and ceiling, possibly hitting players who weren’t aimed at.Setting up your gearWhat’s included• 4 Guns• 4 Vests• Charging station with power adapterPairing your gun and vest1 To sync together, your gun and vest need to be paired with eachother before playing. You must pair and set up your gun and vest at the start of each game. Without this quick process, the gun will not shoot, and the vest will not register as being hit.2 Make sure all guns and vests are fully charged. Check for powerby looking at the battery indicator on the LCD screens.3 Each player takes one vest and gun. Simply pick your favoritecolor of each – the specific color won’t actually affect game play in any way. (For example, you can pair up the red-colored gun with the blue-colored vest).4 Turn on the vest first, and then the gun.5 After the gun prompts you with ‘Ready to Pair’, aim it at yourvest and shoot. You do not have to be wearing your vest.NOTE: To ensure your gun pairs with your vest and not someone else’s, stand a bit away from the other players' gear while pairing.6 Once paired, wait until your gun prompts ‘Setup Mode’. Now,your gun and vest will be in Setup Mode for 10 seconds, indicated by a constant beep.Selecting a team color7 It’s time to select a team color (remember, this has nothing to dowith the actual gun or vest colors - for example, you can play on the red team with a blue-colored gun or vest).8 At first, the light color on the vest is white. This is not a teamcolor; it just indicates that a team color needs to be chosen.Select your desired team color by pressing the TEAM button on the vest to rotate between the team colors until you reach your desired color.Choosing number of lives9 The default number of lives is 15, but you can choose from 1 upto 99 lives… which makes for a super-long game!10 Change the default lives count by pressing the + and - buttonson the back of the vest.11 All players should setup the game with the same number of livesto ensure fair play.NOTE: Selecting a team color and number of lives can only be done while in Setup Mode.Finishing setup12 Check that your team color selection is reflected on your gun'steam light, and the lives count on your gun's LCD screen. If not, turn off the gun and vest, and restart the pairing process.13 Wait until you hear the prompt ‘Setup complete. Good luck.’Now, your gun and vest are successfully set up and you are ready to play!Putting on your Vest14 Hang the top straps over your neck like a necklace, wrap theside straps around your waist and snap them together in the back. Make sure your vest is snug and centered on your chest.Adjust the side straps if necessary.Getting to know your gunHow to playBefore we review the gun’s functionality, here are the basic steps for using it:• To shoot, aim your gun at your opponent’s vest and pull the trigger.• After depleting the ammo in a round, you reload by pressing the Reload button on the gun. You will also need to reload before the first time playing, or following a weapon mode change.• Monitor the status of your lives and ammo by viewing the LCD screen on your gun.• When a player’s vest is hit by an opponent’s fire, the vestwill vibrate, blink the team lights, and reduce the appropriate number of lives from the LCD lives counter.Tracking lives and getting ‘out’• Once all of a player’s lives are depleted, his or her gun will vibrate, and prompt ‘Game Over’. At that point, the player is‘out’ and can no longer participate in the current round of the game. The gun will no longer shoot until the next game.Additional gun features:Mute• To mute the audio of the gun, press the mute button. Press again to unmute.Stealth Mode• For a tactical advantage, go into Stealth Mode! This will turnoff all the lights and audio (except the flashlight, if it’s on) from your vest and gun for 30 seconds, making it difficult for your opponent to spot you.• To enter Stealth Mode, pull the trigger and press the mute button at the same time.• Stealth Mode lasts 30 seconds and then automatically returns to normal.Night flashlight• Use the flashlight when playing in dimly lit areas for extra ‘night vision.’ Press the flashlight button to turn it on or off. Keep in mind that the flashlight gives away your position and makes you an easy target!Keep in mind…• Players should not cover or obstruct their vest with their clothing or their hands. This will block the receiver and is not fair play.• The maximum distance the infrared signal can reach is 150 feet (45.7 meters), but note that the further the distance, the harder it is to aim. Also, direct sunlight or other variables can reduce that range.。

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II. Residence and Environment 14. Household having durable houses (HHs) 15. Household having adequate clean drinking water through out the year (HHs) 16. Household having adequate water for domestic use throughout the year (HHs) 17. Houses are kept clean and in order (HHS) 18. Houses are free from nuisance pollution 19. Households having accidental/fire hazard protection againቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱt property (HHs) 20. Households are safe for life and property (HHs) 21. Household members feel warmth and peaceful in their family (HHs) III. Education And Information 22. Children under 3 years of age receive study motivation (persons) 23. Children 3-5 years of age receive proper care (persons) 24. Children within 6-15 years of age receive 9 years compulsory education (persons) 25. Children completed 9 years of compulsory education level and continued their study at secondary level (persons) 26. Children completed 9 years of compulsory education level and continued their study at vocational training (persons) 27. Household members during 15-60 years of age are literate (persons) 28. Household members receive news and information (HHs) 100 95 95 95 100 100 100 100
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IV. Household Income 29. People 15-60 years of age have occupation and income (persons) 30. Average income of households is not less than 23,000 baht/person/year 31. Households having savings V. Ethics 32. Household members are free from alcoholic addiction (persons) 33. Household members do not smoke cigarette (persons) 34. Household members follow traditional activities (person) 35. Household members over 6 years of age practice religious rites (Households) 36. Household members and or community extend(s) appropriate care to elderly people (persons) 37. Household members and or community extend(s) appropriate care to handicapped people (persons) VI. People’s Participation 38. Household members are participating in local groups/Institutions (Households) 39. Household members are involved in people’s participation (Households) 40. Household members cooperate community activities (Households) 41. Household members are participating in maintaining public properties (Households) 42. Household members are participating in democratic election (persons)
Basic Minimum Needs Indicators of Thailand Indicators I. Health Condition and Nutrition 1. Pregnant women receive pre-maternal care including a complete set of vaccine (persons) 2. Pregnant women receive birth-giving service and post maternal care including from qualified personnel (persons) 3. Pregnant women have adequate and proper food for consumption, which result in newborn childbirth weight less than 2,500 grams (persons) 4. Children under 1 yr of age receive necessary vaccine (persons) 5. Newborn children are breast-fed during first 4 months (persons) 6. Children during 0-5 years of age receive necessary nutrition to meet their physical needs (persons) 7. Children during 6-15 years of age receive necessary nutrition to meet their physical needs (persons) 8. Children 6-12 years of age receive necessary vaccinations (persons) 9. Household members consume safe food (HHs) 10. Household members are aware of how to take medicine (HHs) 11. People over 35 yrs of age receive annual health check-up (persons) 12. People over 6 yrs of age doing exercise three times a week (persons) 13. Household members receive health care security for all persons holding golden cards. Fail Total No. (%) Pass No. (%) Targeted for 2010 (%) Result