新人教版19届高考英语达标卷unit2englisharoundtheworld练题含解析

Unit 2 English around the world
李仕才
一、阅读理解。

Before I studied psychology，I used to think that people would laugh when funny things occurred.While I was right about that，I discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke.When someone laughs at a joke，there will usually be more than one reason that makes him laugh—and the more reasons there are，the more powerful the joke will be.
I was attending a stand­up comedy show in Egypt，and when the man started to make fun of pedestrians crossing streets，everyone laughed their heads off.The main reason why those people strongly laughed was that almost all of them felt angry towards pedestrians who crossed streets carelessly.The joke wasn’t only funny，but it also made the audience feel that they were right about being angry at those pedestrians. That is, people were laughing both because of the funny joke and because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got.
The better a joke makes a person feel，and the more it includes other psychological factors，the more the person will like it.For example，if you envy one of your friends，and someone tells a joke that is funny and，at the same time，makes your friend seem stupid，then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you weren’t jealous of him.
In short，we don’t laugh only when we hear something funny; we also laugh when we experience some kind of happiness that results from the other psychological factors involved in the joke.I strongly discourage you from making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh.All I want to explain is that if your joke supports a person’s emotions，he will certainly like it a lot.
【解题导语】本文主要分析了人们笑的原因。

1．What did the author find out after studying psychology?
A．Only good jokes make people laugh.
B．Many factors lea d to people’s laughing.
C．Funny things can make people laugh.
D．Laughter can make people healthy.
B 解析：细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句可知，作者在学了心理学之后发现，笑不仅仅是因为事情好笑，还有很多其他的心理因素的促成和影响，故选B。

2．Why did the audience laugh loud at the pedestrians?
A．They played a trick on the pedestrians.
B．The pedestrians behaved in a funny way.
C．They could feel the pedestrians’ happiness.
D．Their emotion was approved of by the show.
D 解析：推理判断题。

根据第二段最后一句可推知，人们对行人的行为大笑的原因是他们在心理上产生了共鸣，故选D。

3．What does the underlined word“belittling”probably mean?
A．Annoy. B．Blame.
C．Look down on. D．Make up to.
C 解析：词义猜测题。

根据最后一段倒数第二句可推知，动词belittle 和短语make fun of是近义词，结合选项可知，应选C。

annoy“使恼怒”；blame“责怪”；look down on“蔑视，瞧不起”；make up to “接近，奉承，补足”。

4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
B 解析：推理判断题。

结合全文可知，第一段导入话题；第二、三段通过具体事例进行分析；根据文章最后一段的开头“In short”可知，最后一段属于总结。

由此可知，本文属于总——分——总的结构，符合本文结构的图表是B选项。

二、单句语法填空
1．This tree looks tall and strong but ________ (actual) its trunk is hollow.
答案：actually actually “事实上，实际上”。

2．Schools have rights to set down their own rules ________ (base) on the general conditions of the students.
答案：based be based on “以……为基础”，此处为过去分词短语作定语，因此填based。

3．The girl used to be shy, but is ________ (gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
答案：gradually 此处修饰动词短语get active in，故用副词gradually “逐渐地”，在句中作状语。

4．On seeing her new classmate, she came ________ and said with a smile, “Glad to meet you.”
答案：up come up在本句中表示“走近”。

5．She was ________ worried than angry when her daughter didn't come home.
答案：more more worried than angry “与其说是生气不如说是担心”。

6．Buses run ________ (frequent) from the city to the airport.
答案：frequently 此处修饰动词run，因此要用副词形式frequently。

7．The request is that manuscripts (手稿) ________ (write) on one side only.
答案：(should) be written request在这里是名词，作主语时，后面的表语从句中的谓语动词应使用“should＋动词原形”结构，并且should可省略，此处表示被动意义，故填(should) be written。

8．Sometimes it looks like people with great self­control aren't working hard—but that's ________ they've made it automatic.
答案：because that's because ... “那是因为……”。

9．There is no such thing ________ darkness; only a failure to see.
答案：as 句意：没有黑暗这种东西，只有看不见而已。

There is no such ... as ... “没有像……的……”。

10．From his ________ (express), I knew he didn't want me to ask this question.
答案：expression 由空前代词his可知应填名词，expression “表情；表达”。

三、完形填空。

Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade.She wasn't my __1__；she was the adviser to the safety patrol(巡逻队)on which I __2__.I loved being around her and __3__ her sense of humor and kind personality.She was __4__ a good listener.
At the end of the year，she __5__ that she was moving to Florida，and I was very sad.We exchanged __6__ and became pen pals.I could tell her __7__，and she treated me __8__ respect even though I was a teenager.
In Florida，Mrs.Freeman became a Realtor(房地产经纪人), __9__ she managed to find time to write letters.She wrote __10__ stories and always took my concerns __11__.She had given me a(n) __12__ invitation to visit，and I missed her so much.When I __13__ to take her up on the __14__ ，she answered，“Get your shoes on and your bags __15__ ！You are welcome anytime！”
I spent three weeks with her in Miami.Her __16__ of poetry，music，and creative writing __17__ me to follow these endeavors(努力)．One day __18__ hanging sheets on the clothesline，she __19__ and said，“You know，the sky is fuel for the soul.”I had never looked at the __20__ before hearing those words.Two years later，I received a call that Mrs.Freeman had passed away.
1．A.mother B．friend
C．classmate D．teacher
2．A.served B．advised
C．expected D．led
C．imagined D．found 4．A.never B．just C．still D．also 5．A.knew B．announced C．thought D．realized 6．A.addresses B．gifts C．views D．roles 7．A.many B．much C．everything D．something 8．A.in B．as
C．with D．to
9．A.so B．but
C．or D．for 10．A.amusing B．different C．emotional D．ordinary 11．A.immediately B．carefully C．seriously D．privately 12．A.urgent B．lucky C．ambiguous D．open 13．A.decided B．hesitated C．wrote D．hurried 14．A.offer B．promise C．excuse D．message 15．A.bought B．found
C．filled D．packed 16．A.love B．dream C．sense D．feeling 17．A.persuaded B．encouraged C．forced D．allowed 18．A.before B．once
C．while D．after 19．A.looked over B．looked out C．looked up D．looked down
C．people D．houses
【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者在中学期间和一名英语老师之间的故事。

【核心词汇】adviser n．顾问pen pal笔友concern n．担心的事，关切的事
1．D 根据上文中的“Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade”和空后的“she was the adviser to the safety patrol(巡逻队)”可推知，Mildred Webinga Freeman不是作者的老师(teacher)，下文中的“and became pen pals”也是提示。

2．A 根据语境并结合选项可知，作者当时也在巡逻队里。

serve“为……工作”。

3．B 根据空前的“I loved being around her”可知，作者喜欢(enjoyed)老师的幽默感和善良的品质。

4．D 根据上文中的“an English teacher”和“the adviser”可知，本句是对这位老师身份的补充说明。

她也(also)是一个好的倾听者。

5．B 根据语境可知，老师宣布(announced)了一个消息，她要搬到佛罗里达州了，作者感到很伤心。

6．A 根据上文中的“At the end of the year, she __5__ that she was moving to Florida”和空后的“and became pen pals”可推知，作者和老师互换了地址(addresses)，成了笔友。

7．C 根据上文中的“and became pen pals”与空后的“she treated me __8__ respect even though I was a teenager”可推知，作者与老师无话不谈，这与上文作者乐于和老师相处的背景呼应。

故选C。

8．C 固定搭配：treat sb.with sth.意为“以某种态度/方式对待某人”，符合语境，故选C。

9．B 根据空后的“she managed to find time to write letters”可推知，上下文表示转折关系。

故选B。

10．A 根据上文中的“I loved b eing around her and __3__ her sense of humor and kind personality”可推知，老师很幽默，总是给作者讲一些好笑的(amusing)故事。

11．C take sb./sth.seriously为固定搭配，意为“认真对待某人/某事”。

老师认真对待作者所关切的事情。

12．D 根据下文中的“You are welcome anytime”可推知，老师欢迎作者随时来访，an open invitation为习语，意为“随时可以来访的邀请”，符合语境，故选D。

urgent“急迫的”；ambiguous“模棱两可的”。

13．C 根据上文中的“We exchanged __6__ and became pen pals”可推知，作者写信(wrote)告诉老师，他接受她的提议(offer)。

14．A 参见上题解析。

offer“提供，提议”。

15．D 因为作者要去看望老师，因此老师建议作者收拾行李(packed)，随时欢迎作者的到来。

16．A 老师对诗歌、音乐和文学创作的热爱(love)激励(encouraged)着作者去努力。

17．B 参见上题解析。

18．C 一天，当老师正在把床单挂在晒衣绳上的时候，她抬头看(looked up)到了天空而有所感悟。

while“当……时”。

19．C 参见上题解析。

20．A 根据上文中的“You know, the sky is fuel for the soul”并结合选项可知，当时老师看了天空，此处指的应是天上的云(clouds)。

四、单句改错
1．Oil must be made full use to serve the people well.
________________________________________________________
答案：use后加of 此处为make full use of ... 结构的被动语态。

2．After 25 years, she has changed without recognition.
________________________________________________________
答案：without→beyond beyond recognition “难以认出”。

3．Try to tell what you think of Tom and of the way which the children treated him.
________________________________________________________
答案：去掉which或which→that或which前加in the way作先行词，且在定语从句中作状语时，其引导词有三种形式：that/in which或省略。

4．Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because of she thought it was too hard.
________________________________________________________
答案：去掉of because引导原因状语从句。

because of后接名词(短语)、代词或宾语从句。

5．The manager gave his command that measures were taken immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.
________________________________________________________
答案：were→be that引导的是同位语从句，解释说明command的具体内容，其从句中的谓语动词应使用“should＋动词原形”的结构，并且should可省略。

五、短文改错
（2018高考选练）
Dear students, good news for you! A blog will be opening on the website of our school, that aims to help students to communicate better and improve your English. The blog serves as open platform where you can do lots of things. Firstly, you can share with efficient learning experience to promote your English study. Secondly, if you had any question, welcome to post it. And you will possible find proper solutions with the help of our schoolmates. In addition,
attracting by interesting topics, you are free to get involved in the weekly discussion. Surely the blog will be very benefit to your English study. And every one of you are encouraged to visit it.
【文章大意】本文介绍了在学校网站上为学生开的一个博客。

1. 【解析】第二句opening→opened。

此处是一般将来时态的被动语态, 故把opening改为opened。

2. 【解析】第二句that→which。

前面整个句子作先行词后面用which引导非限制性定语从句。

3. 【解析】第三句在open前加an。

一个开放的平台。

open以元音音素开头, 故在as和open之间加an。

4. 【解析】第四句去掉with。

share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物。

5. 【解析】第五句had→have。

此处是if引导的条件状语从句, 主句是祈使句, 表示将来, 所以从句用一般现在时态, 故had改为have。

6. 【解析】第六句possible→ possibly。

副词修饰动词, 故possible改为 possibly。

7. 【解析】第六句our→your。

根据句意可知是在你们的同学的帮助下, 故把our改为your。

8. 【解析】第七句attracting→ attracted。

此处是过去分词作状语, 表示被动关系, 故用 attracted。

9. 【解析】第八句benefit→ beneficial。

形容词作表语, 故把benefit改为 beneficial。

10. 【解析】第九句are→is。

此处every one是句子主语, 谓语动词应用单数形式, 故把are改为is。