2021届新高考版英语主题一轮复习讲义：主题1-生活-课堂互动

2021届新高考版英语主题一轮复习讲义：主题1-生活-课堂互动(总7
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1 suppose vt.认为;猜想;假设
◆单句填空
①...my life is very stressful, I suppose (suppose).
②I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to meet (meet).(2018课标全国Ⅱ完形填空)
③The construction work of the theatre is supposed to be completed (complete) within the year.
◆句式升级
④You are late. You were supposed to arrive half an hour ago.
→You are late. You are supposed to have arrived half an hour ago.(改为同义句) ◆写作微练
⑤我想我能取得使我能进入理想大学的好成绩。

I suppose I can get a good mark which will enable me to enter my ideal college.
点拨
(1)be supposed to do sth.应该做某事
be supposed to have done sth.(=should have done sth.)本应该做某事(实际未做)
be supposed to be...被认为是……
suppose sb./sth.(to be)...认为某人/某事……
(2)I suppose so. 我想是这样的。

I suppose not.(=I don't suppose so.)我认为不是这样。

I suppose...(=I think...)我认为……(常用作插入语)
(3)supposing(that)假设;假定(可作为从属连词,用于引导条件状语从句)
2 prefer v.(preferred,preferred)更喜欢
◆单句填空
①Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay (stay) longer and spend.(2018江苏卷阅读理解)
②People develop a preference for a particular style of learning at an early age and these preferences (preference) affect learning.
◆完成句子
③I prefer meeting people in small groups.我更喜欢与一小群人见面。

◆一句多译
他宁愿跟我们一起去也不愿留下来。

④He preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.(prefer...rather than...)
⑤He preferred going with us to staying behind.(prefer...to...)
⑥He would rather go with us than stay behind.(would rather...than...)
⑦He would go with us rather than stay behind.(would...rather than...)
点拨
(1)prefer doing sth./to do sth.更喜欢做某事
prefer sb. to do sth.宁愿某人做某事
(2)“宁愿(做)……而不愿(做)……”的多种表达:
prefer A to B
prefer to do A rather than do B
would do A rather than do B
would rather do A than do B
prefer doing A to doing B
(3)prefer that+主语+(should)do sth.宁愿/喜欢……(从句用虚拟语气)
(4)preference n.偏爱,爱好,喜爱
have a preference for对……偏爱
3 support n.支持,拥护;支撑 vt.支持,拥护;支撑;抚养,养活
◆单句填空
①The old man entered the room, supported (support) by his grandson.
②Though not everyone approved of the new dance, the dance did find enough supporters (support).
◆完成句子
③His idea to organise a big party has won support from his friends.他要组织一次大型聚会的想法已经赢得了朋友们的支持。

④Without his support, we wouldn't be where we are now. 没有他的支持,我们就不会有今天的成绩。

⑤Tom has a large family to support.汤姆有一大家子人要养活。

◆写作微练
⑥除了学校,村庄还有一个诊所,也是在政府的资助下建起来的。

In addition to the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.
点拨
(1)win/lose one's support 赢得/失去某人的支持
in support of(=in favor of)支持
(2)support oneself自力更生;自谋生计
support one's family(=feed/keep one's family)养家糊口
support one's opinion支持某人的观点
Best Supporting Actress最佳女配角
(3)supporter n.支持者;拥护者
4 otherwise adv.否则;不然;除此以外
◆单句填空
①Many people helped him, otherwise he would have dropped (drop) out of school.
◆完成句子
②I need to do that because I don't get enough exercise otherwise.
我需要那么做,因为不然我就得不到充足的锻炼。

③We'll get there somehow, by train or otherwise.
不论乘火车还是用其他方式,我们总会到达那里的。

④He is noisy, but otherwise a nice boy.
他很吵闹,但在其他方面倒是个好孩子。

⑤In the kindergarten, the children learn singing, dancing, drawing and otherwise.
孩子们在幼儿园里学唱歌、跳舞、画画等。

点拨
(1)otherwise adv.否则;不然
表示如果前述内容没有发生,或者情况不同,则产生怎样的后果。

若后果是真实可以发生的,含otherwise的句子中谓语动词用陈述语气;若后果是一种假设而不可能发生的,则用虚拟语气。

(2)otherwise作副词时,可表示:①另外;别样②在其他方面③相反地;要不然;否则
[发散思维]otherwise 构成的短语:and otherwise等等,及其他;or otherwise或相反,或其他情况
1 go off (铃、爆竹等)响;爆炸;离开
◆单句填空
①I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.
◆活学巧用(用go的相关短语填空)
②I don't go in for's too noisy.
③Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the light happened to go out.
④He wouldn't go against his parents' wishes.
⑤Dave went through his pockets looking for the keys.
⑥As time goes by,my memory seems to get worse.
⑦They always go after their goals and keep working hard.
⑧To get a better grade, you should go over the notes again before the test.
点拨
go after追求;追逐;谋求
go against违背;反对
go by (时间)流逝,过去;依据/根据……判断
go for适用于;去带回/取回;努力争取
go in for参加考试(或竞赛);对某事物有兴趣;爱好
go over仔细检查;反复研究;复习
go through仔细检查/查看;经历,遭受
go without没有……而勉强应付
2 take up 占据(时间/空间);开始从事;继续;一起说/唱
◆单句填空
①Meeting and phone calls take up a large part of the day.
②I took off my T-shirt and dived into the water.
③The old school building was taken down last Saturday.
④When she fell ill, her daughter took over the business there.
⑤As we know, fish take in oxygen through their gills(鳃).
⑥Many businesses started up by college students have taken off,thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.
点拨
take...as...把……看作……
take down拆除,拆掉;写下,记录;拿下,取下
take...for...把……误认为……
take sb. in留宿,收留;欺骗
take sth. in吸入;改小/瘦(衣服);包括;理解,领会
take off脱下(衣服),摘掉;起飞;休息,休假;突然大受欢迎,迅速流行
take on雇用;呈现;承担
take over接管
take away拿去;移去;消除
take after(外貌/行为等)与……相像/似;追赶
take back收回;退回;撤回;带回
1 while的用法
①I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.
②After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight.
◆赏句猜义(写出下列句中while的词义)
③Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over the past 25 years, while rice has increased by only 7 percent.而
④While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.虽然/尽管
⑤While Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer.当……时
点拨
(1)while意为“而”时,用于连接并列句,强调的是前后对比(but强调转折);意为“当……时”时,用于引导时间状语从句;意为“虽然,尽管”时,用于引导让步状语从句。

(2)while作为名词时的搭配:
after a while不久;过一会儿
all the while始终,一直
for a while暂时;一会儿
once in a while偶尔,间或
2 the+序数词(+名词/代词)+to do sth.
◆单句填空
①I am always the first person to get(get) to the office.
②The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make (make) sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.(2018北京卷阅读理解)
③Unless you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus (focus), plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
◆写作微练
④许多人都知道居里夫人是获得诺贝尔奖的第一位女士,同时也是两次获此殊荣的第一人。

Many people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice.
点拨
当名词或代词前有序数词、最高级或the last等修饰时,常用不定式作其定语。

常用不定式作定语的名词有way,need,chance,plan,ability,decision等。

He is always the first one to come and the last one to leave.
他总是第一个来,最后一个走。

That is the best way to do it.
那是做这件事的最好的方法。