2020届高考英语二轮复习题型精准练：阅读理解(推理判断题)

2020届高考英语二轮复习题型精准练2 -阅读理解（推理判断题）1、Money with no strings attached. It's not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can，Take What You Need. ”
People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash
to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socioeconomic (社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took，”said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars. ”Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip (片段）shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.
“What I can say for the folks that gave the most，is that they were full of smiles，”Bridges said. “There’s a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most. ”Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.
While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign. Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.
“After all，everyone has bad days and good days，”he said “Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand. ”
1.What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A.Money not tied together.
B.Money not legally made.
C.Money spent without hesitation.
D.Money offered without conditions.
2.What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?
A.Women tended to be more sociable.
B.The activity attracted various people.
C.Economic problems were getting worse.
D.Young couples needed financial assistance.
3.Why did Bridges carry out the project?
A.To do a test on people s morals.
B.To raise money for his company.
C.To earn himself a good reputation.
D.To promote kindness and sympathy.promote kindness and sympathy.
2、Changing of the Guard Tours and Tickets
The Changing of the Guard is a centuries-old tradition that marks the official shift change of the Household Regiment一the Queen's guards stationed at Buckingham Palace. As one of the world's most famous ceremonies and a top London experience, this ceremony gives visitors the chance to see the grandeur (壮观）of a royal march. Dressed in their red suits and bearskin hats, the guards show classic British magnificence in a showing that’s not to be missed.
The Basics
The ceremony begins with the New Guard marching from Wellington Barracks to Buckingham Palace with a marching band，while the mounted Horse Guards Parade leaves from the Hyde Park barracks and crosses The Mall to St. James' Place. The official guard change then takes place in the palace forecourt. Some London walking tours include a timed stop at the palace to see the event，while other tours combine a viewing with a visit to the Tower of London or the London Eye.
Things to Know Before You Go
•Buckingham Palace’s Changing of the Guard Ceremony takes place daily at 11 ：30 am and lasts about 45 minutes.
•Crowds are frequent，especially at the palace，but you'll find quieter spots elsewhere along the route.
•The ceremony is free to watch，and no tickets are required.
How to Get There
The march begins at Wellington Barracks and continues on to Buckingham Palace in central London. The nearest tube stations are St, James Park，Green Park, and Victoria.
When to Get There
To get a good view，it’s best to arrive early—as early as 9：30 am. Some tours are timed specifically for the ceremony，guaranteeing the best viewpoints from an expert tour guide. Note
that the ceremony may be canceled in bad weather.
1. What can visitors do at Buckingham Palace's Guard Change Ceremony?
A. Take part in a royal march.
B. Taste the work of a royal guard.
C. Try on red suits and bearskin hats.
D. Witness how grand a royal march is.
2. When can visitors see the guard change?
A. At 9 ：30 am.
B. At 10：15 am.
C. At 11:45 am.
D. At 12：45 am.
3. What does the passage imply about the guard change?
A. It is free of charge to the public.
B. It may not be available every day.
C. It has a history of hundreds of years.
D. It is arranged in the palace forecourt.
3、Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.
A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with
seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.
After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate（低估）a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction（小部分）of the smaller number to it.
"This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”
1. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?
A. They fed them.
B. They named them.
C. They trained them.
D. They measured them.
2. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?
A. By drawing a circle.
B. By touching a screen.
C. By watching videos.
D. By mixing two drinks.
3. What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys?
A. They could perform basic addition.
B. They could understand simple words.
C. They could memorize numbers easily.
D. They could hold their attention for long.
4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment.
B. Health.
C. Education.
D. Science.
4、Juana, who came to America from Guatemala, used to take the bus to and from cleaning jobs. Walking to the bus stop after a long day at work was exhausting, especially when it rained, as it occasionally does in Los Angeles. Now Juana drives everywhere. She had two aspirations：to learn English and to get a car. She has accomplished both.
Although Los Angeles has organized itself around the car since the Second World War，it has tried harder than many other American cities to change this. However，public-transport users are dwindling(逐渐减少的）. In the past five years the number of trips taken in metropolitan Los Angeles has dropped by 19%.
The American Public Transportation Association's figures show that the number of journeys in the country as a whole has fallen in each of the past three years. In 2016-2017 every kind of mass public transport became less busy. New Yorkers took 2. 8% fewer weekday trips on public transport. In 2018 the number of Tube journeys fell by 1. 4%. That was despite annual population growth in London of about 1% and a 3. 3% rise in employment in the past year. The Paris Metro carried only as many passengers in 2017 as it did in 2012. In Berlin，public transport journeys are growing about half as quickly as employment. Exceptions are that more and more people are taking public transport in Sydney and Tokyo.
Demand for mass public transport has weakened in so many rich-world cities at the same time. Something seems to be driving people off the public transport. But what is it?
One explanation, which is convincing in some cities. is that public transport has become worse. London and Paris have suffered terrorist attacks. New York's subway is creaking (嘎吱作响的）一a consequence of prolonged underinvestment in repairs. Elsewhere, bad weather or road works are said to prevent people from taking buses.
1. Los Angeles is a city .
A. whose government would like citizens to take public transport
B. where many immigrants like Juana have achieved their dreams
C. where everyone like Juana prefers to drive private cars
D. where more and more people turn to public transport
2. In Paragraph 3 the data show us public transport .
A. has declined in all the mentioned cities
B. has declined in most cities in America from 2016 to 2018
C. became busier in each city
D. has attracted more and more users
3. What is the main reason for people not taking public transport?
A. Public transport is unsafe.
B. Taking public transport is a waste of time.
C. Public transport disappoints people in many ways.
D. Public transport is noisy, making people uncomfortable
4. Why does the author mention Juana in Paragraph 1?
A. To tell us she has achieved her dreams.
B. To show us she's a hard-working woman,
C. To introduce the topic of the passage.
D. To tell us what she does in America.
5、The Australian beach town Byron Bay has a traffic problem, especially during holidays, when local streets are full of cars. But now it's changed. The world's first fully solar-powered train runs on a repaired train line that was out of use for more than a decade.
The solar systems on the roof of the train send power to a set of batteries that replace one engine；the other engine is still in place and can provide backup power in an emergency. As the train brakes(刹车），it generates more electricity, like a hybrid car. At a train station, the train can be plugged in to pull more power from solar systems on the platform roof. If there's a long period without sun—somewhat unlikely in this part of the world—the train can also be plugged in to get renewable energy from the local electricity supply.
“The large solar systems on the platform roof coupled with the solar systems on the train roof produce more solar energy per day than is required to operate an hourly return service，”says Holmes，Development Director of the nonprofit Byron Bay Railroad Company，which runs the train. With one full charge，the train can make 12 to 15 trips.
Volunteers fully restored the train to its old condition to attract more passengers, which should take more cars off city streets of the beach town. The train can hold 100 seated passengers, with room for more to stand, and also has a luggage room for bikes and surfboards. A ride costs a little more than S 2.
The nonprofits think it's a model that could be replicated (复制）elsewhere. "Our service has no government support or funding at all, but for this to be replicated or improved upon, the key is for government to work with enterprises on the program, " Holmes says. "Our service provides an example of how the sun's energy can be used for sustainable transport solutions. "
1. Why is the solar train brought into use in Byron Bay?
A. To reduce traffic jams.
B. To attract visitors.
C. To fight pollution.
D. To use solar energy.
2. Where does the train get energy on sunless days?
A. From its engines.
B. From a hybrid car.
C. From the platform roof.
D. From the local electricity supply.
3. How does Holmes feel about solar energy equipment?
A. It is labor-saving.
B. It is easily operated.
C. It is time-consuming.
D. It is power guaranteed.
4. What can be inferred about the solar-powered train from the last paragraph?
A. It could be of little use in solving energy problems.
B. More scientific research should be done about it.
C. It may be popularized in the future.
D. Financial support from the government is badly needed.
6、Imagining a clean，green future
Fifteen years ago，the tiny Indian state of Sikkim carried out an experiment to phase out pesticides on every farm in the states a move without precedent in India — and probably the world.
The change was especially significant for India, where progress in agriculture was defined by the introduction of fertilizers and pesticides. But with the use of pesticides at will came an increase in cancer rates in industrial farming areas. Rivers became polluted and soil infertile. Sikkim's leaders say they were driven to go all-organic by those concerns and because pesticide residue(残余) including from some chemicals banned in other countries 一was polluting fish，vegetables and rice.
In the years since the shift to organic. Sikkim has outlawed pesticides and chemical fertilizers，aided farmers in certifying about 190,000 acres of farmland as organic and on April 1 banned the import of many nonorganic vegetables from other states. The transition has not always been easy：some farmers have complained that their crop yields have decreased and that they haven’t gotten enough support from the government.
Demand for organic food is high in India and growing fast. Concern about pesticides and desire for chemical-free food are fueling a market that is growing 25 percent a year，more than 16 percent globally，according to a recent study by the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India, The country's market for packaged organic products is nearly $ 8 million now and is expected to top $ 12 million by 2020, the study said.
So far Prime Minister Narendra Modi's government has accepted Sikkim and organic farming throughout India, pouring about $ 119 million into supporting organic farmers nationwide. "The approach Sikkim has started will be adopted by the whole world tomorrow.” Sikkim’s chief minister, Pawan Kumar Chamling said, “This is our vision!”
1. Why did the Indian state of Sikkim stop using pesticides gradually?
A. Pesticides can damage soil, crops and other living things.
B. People there made no progress by using pesticides.
C. Pesticides were banned in other countries.
D. It was supported by India government.
2. How is it going with organic farming in Sikkim?
A. The shift to organic farming is not difficult.
B. Any farmlands without pesticides are organic.
C. All the farmers in Sikkim like organic farming.
D. Sikkim's government has made much effort.
3. Where can you find the da ta that best support “organic food has a big market in India1”?
A. In Paragraph 2.
B. In Paragraph 3.
C. In Paragraph 4.
D. In Paragraph 5.
4. From which is the passage probably taken?
A. A travel brochure.
B. An agricultural paper.
C. A health magazine.
D. A geographic textbook.
7、Do you have imagination? Do you like to solve problems? If so, you could be the next great inventor. “But I’m just a kid,” you might say! Don’t worry about little things like age. For example，one famous inventor —Benjamin Franklin—got his start when he was only 12. At that young age，he created paddles to help him swim faster. Finally his creation led to what we know is called flippers!
So you don't have to be an adult to be an inventor. One thing you do need, though, is something that kids have plenty of：curiosity and imagination. Kids are known for looking at things in new and unique ways.
So what should you do if you have a great idea for an invention? Talk to a friend or family member about it. Get input from others about your idea. Then ask them to help you create a working model—called a prototype(原型）一of your idea.
Once you have a prototype, you can test it. Sometimes your idea turns out to be not as great as you thought. At other times，though, you realize it is a good idea and your prototype can help you figure out how to make it even better.
If your idea is really a good one，an adult can help you contact companies that might be interested in it. You will also want an adult’s help to get a patent(专利权）for your idea, so that it is protected and can’t be stolen by someone else. If you need some inspiration, consider these kids and their inventions.
Jeanie Low invented the Kiddie Stool when she was just 11. It's a folding stool that fits under the kitchen sink. Kids can unfold it and use it to reach the sink all by themselves.
At the age of 15，Louis Braille invented the system named after him that allows the blind to read.
Chelsea Lanmon received a patent when she was just 8 for the “Pocket Diaper”，a new type of diaper that includes a pocket for holding baby wipes and powder.
1. Some children might say, "But I'm just a kid. " They probably mean
.
A. They are too young to achieve anything
B. They can do anything though they are young
C. They are old enough to become inventors
D. They have to learn knowledge from other people
2. Kids can also be inventors because .
A. they would like to make friends with others
B. they usually work hard at their lessons at school
C. they like playing all kinds of toys at home
D. they think about things in quite different ways
3. Who invented something that helps the blind to read?
A. Jeanie Low.
B. Benjamin Franklin.
C. Louis Braille.
D. Chelsea Lanmon.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?
A. Kids Have Curiosity and Imagination
B. There Are Some World Famous Inventors
C. Kids Are Exactly Like Adults in a Way
D. It Is Possible for Kids to Be Inventors
8、One ambitious high school student knew exactly how to show his family that he got accepted into his dream college—by surprising them on Christmas Day.
Barrington Lincoln, class president at Lutheran High School North in Ferguson, got accepted into Morehouse College in Atlanta back on Dec. 15. But for months, he knew he wanted to make the news known in a big way to his mother and aunt, Lincoln told ABC News. “I thought of the surprise in October,” he said, adding that once he got accepted he would purchase two school
T-shirts from Morehouse’s online store.
On Christmas Day, in a now video on Twitter, Lincoln, 17, gifted his mom Lisa McDonald and his aunt Shirley Gray the T-shirts with the school’s name on it. When the two sisters opened the gifts, they had no idea what they meant.
In the video, Lincoln nudges (用肘轻推) his family, “You know what that means right? I got in!” While McDonald falls heavily on the couch in delight, Gray asks, “You’ve been holding out on us?”
“I didn’t expect anything like that,” McDonald told ABC News. “It’s so satisfying to see him get th e return on his studying.” “He always wanted to be the first in line and help everybody stay in line,” his mother added.
McDonald said it’s especially sweet since she had to work an extra job to afford his private school after his father, a former Marine, passed away in 2015. Lincoln was only 15.
“All kids need to have quality education,” the mother added. “I am putting an investment (投资) in his future.”
1.What did Lincoln choose two T-shirts for his mother and aunt mainly for?
A.To show he loves them forever.
B.To give them a Christmas gift.
C.To tell them his academic success.
D.To show he had grown up already.
2.How did Lincoln’s mother and aunt feel when they saw his presents?
A.Puzzled.
B.Satisfied.
C.Disappointed.
D.Embarrassed.
3.Which of the followin g can replace the underlined sentence “You’ve been holding out on us”?
A.You've been telling a lie to the two of us.
B.You've been longing to tell us the truth.
C.You've been playing a joke with two of us.
D.You've been keeping it a secret from us.
4.What can we infer from the text?
A.Lincoln's parents could hardly afford his education.
B.Lincoln's mother felt her efforts paid off at last.
C.Lincoln bought the T-shirts in the local supermarket.
D.The video had been popular before December 15.
答案以及解析
1答案及解析：
答案：1.D 2.B 3.D
解析：1. D词义推断题。

由第1段可知，上个月在洛杉矶的联合车站，一块用别针别满了美元的牌子上面写着“给予你所能给予的,拿走你所需要的”。

由此可判断出第 1 段中的money with no strings attached 是“无条件提供的钱”的意思。

2. B推断题。

由第2段可知，发起该项活动的布里奇斯说:“各个年龄段、种族和社会经济背景的人都会付出和索取。

甚至有一位穿着婚纱的新娘来到了牌子前.拿走了一些钱。

”所以通过布里奇斯所说的话我们可以判断出，他提到新娘就是想说明这项活动吸引了各种各样的人。

3. D细节题。

由倒数第2段第1句可知.尽管这段视频看起来像是一项新的广告活动的一部分，但是布里奇斯说这次活动唯一的目标是表现出慷慨和同情。

所以布里奇斯开展这个活动是为了提倡仁慈和同情。

2答案及解析：
答案：1.D 2.C 3.B
解析：1. D 细节题。

根据第 1 段中的"this ceremony gives visitors the chance to see the grandeur of a royal march"可知答案。

2. C 推断题。

根据"Things to Know Before You Go"部分中的"Buckingham Palace’s Changing of the Guard Ceremony takes place daily at 11 ：30 am and lasts about 45 minutes." 可知，白金汉宫的卫兵换岗仪式每天上午十一点半开始，持续大约四十五分钟，即大约十二点一刻结束，因此游客在上午十一点四十五可以看到卫兵换岗仪式。

3. B推断题。

根据文章最后一句"Note that the ceremony may be canceled in bad weather."可知，白金汉宫的卫兵换岗仪式在天气不好时可能被取消。

由此可以推断，卫兵换岗仪式并不是每天都有。

3答案及解析：
答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.A; 4.D
解析：1.细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys…The researches then tested how…”可知,在对这些猴子进行测试之前,研究者们对它们进行了培训。

故C选项正确。

2.细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screen…If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen, they would be rewarded with seven drops…; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarde d with…”可知,当猴子触摸屏幕左边时,它们会得到7滴水或者果汁的奖励;当它们触摸屏幕的另一端(即画着圆圈的部分)时,它们会得到17滴水或果汁的奖励。

由此可知,猴子是通过触摸屏幕得到奖励的。

B选项正确。

3.细节理解题。

根据第四段“The monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination”和第五段中的“When adding two numbers…”可知,猴子会在超过一半的时间内选择更高的值,这意味着它们在进行计算,而不仅仅是记住每一个组合的值。

由此可知,A选项正
确:猴子能够进行基本的加法计算。

由此亦可以排除C选项。

4.推理判断题。

通读整篇文章可知,该文介绍的是哈佛医学院的科学家Margaret Livingstone
领导的一个研究团队对猴子进行实验得出的研究结果。

这属于“科学研究”范畴,故该文应出现在报纸的“科学”板块。

故D选项正确
4答案及解析：
答案：1.A2.B3.C4.C
解析：1. A推断题。

根据第2段的第1句“Although Los Angeles has organized itself around the car since the Second World War, it has tried harder than many other American cities to change this. ”可推知.洛杉矶市政府想改变私家车盛行的情况，也反映出他们希望市民使用公共交通工具出行。

2. B 推断题。

根据第3段中的“The American Public Transportation Association's figures show that the number of journeys in the country as a whole has fallen in each of the past three years. ”可知，第3段所展示的数据是为了进一步表明2016年到2018年这三年内的公共交通的使用率在下降。

3. C推断题。

根据最后一段中的“One explanation, which is convincing in some cities, is that public transport has become worse. ”可推知，一些城市的公共交通变得比较糟糕。

公共交通在许多方面不尽如人意。

4. C推断题。

Juana过去无论刮风下雨都乘坐公交车上下班。

后来，她有了自己的车，并且去附近的超市都宁愿开车去。

Juana的经历从侧面反映出洛杉矶居民的出行方式，从而很自然地引出了文章的主题。

5答案及解析：
答案：1.A 2.D 3.D 4.C
解析：1. A推断题。

文章开头就提及Byron Bay受到交通问题的困扰，尤其是在假日期间，当地街道上到处是汽车。

后面又说太阳能火车使这种情况得到了改变。

由此可推知，太阳能火车在Byron Bay小镇运行是为了解决那里的交通拥堵问题。

2. D细节题。

根据文章第2段最后一句可知，在长期缺少太阳光照的情况下，太阳能火车可以从当地的电力供应系统处得到能源供应。

3. D推断题。

根据文章第3段第1句可知，火车站站台屋顶的太阳能系统和火车顶部的太阳能系统都可以为火车提供充足的电。

由此可推断出Holmes认为供给火车的电可以得到保证。

4. C推断题。

根据文章最后一段可以推断出，太阳能火车未来也许可以在其他地方得到推广。

6答案及解析：
答案：1.A2.D3.C4.B
解析：1. A细节题。

根据第2段中的"But with the use of pesticides at will came an increase in cancer rates in industrial farming areas. Rivers became polluted and soil infertile. " 及"because pesticide residue —including from some chemicals banned in other countries —was polluting fish, vegetables and rice"可知，杀虫剂会破坏土壤和其他动植物。

2. D推断题。

根据第3段的内容可知.Sikkim政府为了确保其有机农业的顺利发展做出了很多努力。

3. C推断题。

根据第4段的第1句可知.该段介绍了印度的有机食品市场需求大且增长迅速;再根据其后所罗列的数据可知答案。

4. B推断题。

本文讲述的是印度的有机农业.所以最有可能出自农业方面的论文。

7答案及解析：
答案：1.A 2.D 3.C 4.D
解析：1. A推断题。

根据第1段的内容可知，“但是我只是个孩子”的言外之意是“但是我年纪还小，还不能取得任何成就”。

2. D推断题。

根据第2段的内容尤其是最后一句可知，孩子们也能成为发明家是因为他们看待问题和思考问题的角度很新颖。

3. C细节题。

根据文章倒数第2段的内容可知答案。

4. D主旨题。

通读全文可知，本文告诉我们孩子也能成为发明家。

8答案及解析：
答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.D; 4.B
解析：1.细节题。

根据第2、3段可知，当Lincoln被Morehouse College录取之后，他就从Morehouse的网店里购买了两件印有这所大学名字的T恤，想以这种方式告诉家人他学业上的成功。

2.推断题。

根据第3段最后一句可知，当Lincoln的妈妈和阿姨打开Lincoln送给她们的礼物时，她们不知道这些礼物是什么意思。

由此可知，她们非常困惑。

3.推断题。

根据上文可知，Lincoln告诉他的家人他被录取的消息之前，他的家人是不知道这个消息的，所以Lincoln 以令人惊讶的方式告诉她们这个消息后，她们的想法应该是:你一直瞒着我们这个消息？
4.推断题。

根据倒数第2段可知，Lincoln 15岁的时候，他的父亲去世。

他的母亲不得不多做一份工作来支付Lincoln的学费。

得知Lincoln被大学录取,她感到非常高兴。

由此可知，她感觉自己的努力没有白费。