外研版高二英语选择性必修第一册2019版U5_Using_l_and_D_ideas_词汇精讲课堂
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Betty: Blame me for them? Oh, no. On the contrary, she is to blame, because it was she that did my homework instead.
blame
vt 责备；把……归咎于 to say or think that sb / sth is responsible for sth bad: You’ve failed to do what you were expected to and I’m afraid the
☆ character 指“性格”
An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person’s character;
however, they are not always permanent. ☆ personality 指“个性；人格” People’s clothes are often an expression of their personalities.
基本义：根 名词动词化 词块：be rooted in
一词多义，基本义“环；节” 词块：a link between ... and ..., link ... to / with
合成词：cyber (网络、计算机) + crime (犯罪活动)
一词多义
搭配义
一词多义 正式用语与 非正式用语
blame decline
2. decline
de- (down 向下) + cline (to bend 弯)→ 向下弯曲→ 减 少；下降
意为“拒绝”时是正式用语，对应refuse 词块：decline to do sth, decline by
3. blame
词块：put the blame on, blame sth on sb / sth, blame
detect
词源解读：de- (不、非) + -tect (to cover 掩盖) → 不再被掩盖 → 察觉、发现
同根词protect：pro- (before 在……前面)+ tect (to cover 掩盖、掩护) → 在前面掩护 → 保护
detect
vt 察觉；发现；侦查出： Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early.
借助精准 的汉语释 义辨析。
☆ characteristic 指“特征；特点”
Tom was a teenager whose unusual characteristics, excellent memory and a gift
for strategy made him ideal to run an organisation.
v
减少；下降
衰退；衰落 谢绝；拒绝
n
减少；下降； 衰退；衰落
正式 (formal) 与非正式 (informal) 用语
正式与非正式用语是指在特定的文体中使用不同语言。 正式文体中通常使用正式用语，包括书面语、正式场 合用语，如演讲、论文、报告、通知等。非正式文体 中通常使用非正式用语，包括日常用语、随意场合用 语，如家庭谈话、朋友交流等。区分正式与非正式用 语对于学生书面表达和日常表达都有指导意义，能有 效提升学生在不同场合下使用不同词语的能力。
11. link 12. cybercrime
词块：legend has it that … = it’s said that … 派生词：legendary
de- (不、非) + -tect (to cover 掩盖) → 不再被掩盖 → 察觉、发现 派生词：detective
pest (n 害虫) + -cide (killer 杀手)
Words often come from the same root. 名词动词化
■ vi & vt（使）生根；（使）扎根： With mother’s words deeply rooted in my soul, I never doubted we would succeed. root up 连根拔起
be moving make up 8. ___a_l_lo_w____ sb to do sth
Formal
1. __il_lu_m__in_a_t_e_the street
2. __co_n_c_l_u_d_e__ an investigation
3. ___in_f_o_r_m___ sb of / about sth
sth for, be to blame (for sth)
4. worldwide 合成词：world + wide
5. giant
源自希腊神话中的巨人族癸干忒斯 (gigantes)
6. myth
近义词：legend
7. legend 8. detect
9. pesticide 10. root
vi & vt [正式用语]谢绝；拒绝 (refuse)： 比refuse正式 We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she declined. 2020 天津 Mary declined Jay’s invitation to dinner. decline to do sth: In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to
v vi 减少；下降： The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year. ❖ vi 衰退；衰落： Our brain can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons.
2020 浙江
link 根据所给汉语，在空白处填入适当的短语。 1. Scientists have established a possible _c_o_n_n_ec_t_io_n__/_r_el_a_t_io_n_s_h_ip__/ _link __b_et_w_e_e_n__ca_n_c_e_r_a_n_d__d_ie_t______（癌症和日常饮食之间的联系）. 2. The problems of the economy a_r_e_c_l_o_se_l_y_r_e_la_t_e_d_t_o_/_c_o_n_n_e_c_te_d__w_i_th _/ l_i_n_k_ed__t_o_/_w_i_th__________（与一些社会问题密切相关）.
visit Oxford. 2012 山东
n [C] & [U] 减少；下降；衰退；衰落： the economic decline There is a sharp decline in population.
decline 语义网络图
decline 下降
基本义
数量“下降”
趋势“下降”
“下降” 别人的邀请
Once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a
loser. 2010 广东
② blame sth on sb / sth:
Police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving.
teacher will blame you.2010 四川
① blame sb / sth for (doing) sth: While we can’t change the body type we are born with, we can’t blame
our genes for making us fat. 2014 重庆
walk upright. 2019 江苏
key / personal characteristics ■ adj 特有的；典型的： Sunny, hot days are the characteristic weather of the summer months.
辨析character, personality, characteristic, nature
with Chinese characteristics.
为实现中国梦，我们必须坚持中国 特色社会主义道路。
characteristic
词源解读：character (特征，必修一 U3) + -istic (形容词后缀)
■ n [C]［常用复数］特征；特色；特点： Another unique human characteristic is that we
词汇 课堂
版本：新外研 单元：选择性必修一 Unit 5 (Using language — Developing ideas)
本单元词汇梳理
1. characteristic character (特征，必修一 U3) + -istic (形容词后缀) 词块：key / personal characteristics
mistake or sth bad：
take / bear the blame
Where does the blame for our failure lie?
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the
blame on the alarm clock. 2017 全国
正式用语与非正式用语
照亮街道
Informal / Neutral（中性）
light up the street
结束调查
end an investigation
告知某人某事
tell sb about sth
下降 (v) 拒绝做某事
在运动中 组成
允许某人做某事
decrease / fall 5. ___r_e_fu_s_e___ to do sth
【词汇拓展】
detective n [C] 侦探： a detective story private detective
root
tree roots 树根
root words 词根
root cause 根本原因
注：root 由植物等的“根”，衍生到问题的“根源 ”。
root
■ n [C] 根；根源；起源；词根： tree roots Money is often said to be the root of all evil. After 20 years in America, he still feels his roots are in China. Modern pop music has its roots in the folk songs of black Americans.
4. __d__ec_l_in_e___ decline to do sth be in 6. __m_o_t_io_n____ 7. __c_o_m_p_o_s_e__ permit sb to do sth
A Joke
Teacher: Betty, you made so many mistakes in your exercises, surely your mother will blame you!
【常见搭配】
be to blame (for sth)（对某事）负有责任：
It’s all my fault. I’m to blame. Who is to blame for the fire?
同义异构：be responsible for
n [U]（对错误 / 坏事应负的）责任；责备 responsibility for a
☆ nature 指“天性；本性”
The love of beauty is an essential part of all healthy human nature.
decline
看图猜词义
decline
减少；下降
decline
拒绝
decline
词源解读
decline 由“de-（向下）+ -cline（弯；转开） ”构成，词源 义为“向下弯曲”，即“下降；降落”。
detect
characteristic
重
难
辨析义
点
词
精
讲
熟词生义
rooБайду номын сангаас link 一词多义
be + 形容词 + to 结构
抽象名词具体化
characteristic
To realize the Chinese dream, we must stay on the path of socialism
blame
vt 责备；把……归咎于 to say or think that sb / sth is responsible for sth bad: You’ve failed to do what you were expected to and I’m afraid the
☆ character 指“性格”
An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person’s character;
however, they are not always permanent. ☆ personality 指“个性；人格” People’s clothes are often an expression of their personalities.
基本义：根 名词动词化 词块：be rooted in
一词多义，基本义“环；节” 词块：a link between ... and ..., link ... to / with
合成词：cyber (网络、计算机) + crime (犯罪活动)
一词多义
搭配义
一词多义 正式用语与 非正式用语
blame decline
2. decline
de- (down 向下) + cline (to bend 弯)→ 向下弯曲→ 减 少；下降
意为“拒绝”时是正式用语，对应refuse 词块：decline to do sth, decline by
3. blame
词块：put the blame on, blame sth on sb / sth, blame
detect
词源解读：de- (不、非) + -tect (to cover 掩盖) → 不再被掩盖 → 察觉、发现
同根词protect：pro- (before 在……前面)+ tect (to cover 掩盖、掩护) → 在前面掩护 → 保护
detect
vt 察觉；发现；侦查出： Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early.
借助精准 的汉语释 义辨析。
☆ characteristic 指“特征；特点”
Tom was a teenager whose unusual characteristics, excellent memory and a gift
for strategy made him ideal to run an organisation.
v
减少；下降
衰退；衰落 谢绝；拒绝
n
减少；下降； 衰退；衰落
正式 (formal) 与非正式 (informal) 用语
正式与非正式用语是指在特定的文体中使用不同语言。 正式文体中通常使用正式用语，包括书面语、正式场 合用语，如演讲、论文、报告、通知等。非正式文体 中通常使用非正式用语，包括日常用语、随意场合用 语，如家庭谈话、朋友交流等。区分正式与非正式用 语对于学生书面表达和日常表达都有指导意义，能有 效提升学生在不同场合下使用不同词语的能力。
11. link 12. cybercrime
词块：legend has it that … = it’s said that … 派生词：legendary
de- (不、非) + -tect (to cover 掩盖) → 不再被掩盖 → 察觉、发现 派生词：detective
pest (n 害虫) + -cide (killer 杀手)
Words often come from the same root. 名词动词化
■ vi & vt（使）生根；（使）扎根： With mother’s words deeply rooted in my soul, I never doubted we would succeed. root up 连根拔起
be moving make up 8. ___a_l_lo_w____ sb to do sth
Formal
1. __il_lu_m__in_a_t_e_the street
2. __co_n_c_l_u_d_e__ an investigation
3. ___in_f_o_r_m___ sb of / about sth
sth for, be to blame (for sth)
4. worldwide 合成词：world + wide
5. giant
源自希腊神话中的巨人族癸干忒斯 (gigantes)
6. myth
近义词：legend
7. legend 8. detect
9. pesticide 10. root
vi & vt [正式用语]谢绝；拒绝 (refuse)： 比refuse正式 We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she declined. 2020 天津 Mary declined Jay’s invitation to dinner. decline to do sth: In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to
v vi 减少；下降： The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year. ❖ vi 衰退；衰落： Our brain can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons.
2020 浙江
link 根据所给汉语，在空白处填入适当的短语。 1. Scientists have established a possible _c_o_n_n_ec_t_io_n__/_r_el_a_t_io_n_s_h_ip__/ _link __b_et_w_e_e_n__ca_n_c_e_r_a_n_d__d_ie_t______（癌症和日常饮食之间的联系）. 2. The problems of the economy a_r_e_c_l_o_se_l_y_r_e_la_t_e_d_t_o_/_c_o_n_n_e_c_te_d__w_i_th _/ l_i_n_k_ed__t_o_/_w_i_th__________（与一些社会问题密切相关）.
visit Oxford. 2012 山东
n [C] & [U] 减少；下降；衰退；衰落： the economic decline There is a sharp decline in population.
decline 语义网络图
decline 下降
基本义
数量“下降”
趋势“下降”
“下降” 别人的邀请
Once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a
loser. 2010 广东
② blame sth on sb / sth:
Police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving.
teacher will blame you.2010 四川
① blame sb / sth for (doing) sth: While we can’t change the body type we are born with, we can’t blame
our genes for making us fat. 2014 重庆
walk upright. 2019 江苏
key / personal characteristics ■ adj 特有的；典型的： Sunny, hot days are the characteristic weather of the summer months.
辨析character, personality, characteristic, nature
with Chinese characteristics.
为实现中国梦，我们必须坚持中国 特色社会主义道路。
characteristic
词源解读：character (特征，必修一 U3) + -istic (形容词后缀)
■ n [C]［常用复数］特征；特色；特点： Another unique human characteristic is that we
词汇 课堂
版本：新外研 单元：选择性必修一 Unit 5 (Using language — Developing ideas)
本单元词汇梳理
1. characteristic character (特征，必修一 U3) + -istic (形容词后缀) 词块：key / personal characteristics
mistake or sth bad：
take / bear the blame
Where does the blame for our failure lie?
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the
blame on the alarm clock. 2017 全国
正式用语与非正式用语
照亮街道
Informal / Neutral（中性）
light up the street
结束调查
end an investigation
告知某人某事
tell sb about sth
下降 (v) 拒绝做某事
在运动中 组成
允许某人做某事
decrease / fall 5. ___r_e_fu_s_e___ to do sth
【词汇拓展】
detective n [C] 侦探： a detective story private detective
root
tree roots 树根
root words 词根
root cause 根本原因
注：root 由植物等的“根”，衍生到问题的“根源 ”。
root
■ n [C] 根；根源；起源；词根： tree roots Money is often said to be the root of all evil. After 20 years in America, he still feels his roots are in China. Modern pop music has its roots in the folk songs of black Americans.
4. __d__ec_l_in_e___ decline to do sth be in 6. __m_o_t_io_n____ 7. __c_o_m_p_o_s_e__ permit sb to do sth
A Joke
Teacher: Betty, you made so many mistakes in your exercises, surely your mother will blame you!
【常见搭配】
be to blame (for sth)（对某事）负有责任：
It’s all my fault. I’m to blame. Who is to blame for the fire?
同义异构：be responsible for
n [U]（对错误 / 坏事应负的）责任；责备 responsibility for a
☆ nature 指“天性；本性”
The love of beauty is an essential part of all healthy human nature.
decline
看图猜词义
decline
减少；下降
decline
拒绝
decline
词源解读
decline 由“de-（向下）+ -cline（弯；转开） ”构成，词源 义为“向下弯曲”，即“下降；降落”。
detect
characteristic
重
难
辨析义
点
词
精
讲
熟词生义
rooБайду номын сангаас link 一词多义
be + 形容词 + to 结构
抽象名词具体化
characteristic
To realize the Chinese dream, we must stay on the path of socialism