英语中国独特词表达

1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）
八卦trigram
江湖（世界）the jianghu World （the traits' world）
e.g. You can't control everything in a traits' world. (人在江湖，身不由己)
道Daoism（Taoism）
上火excessive internal heat
儒学Confucianism 孔子Confucius
红学（《红楼梦》研究）redology
世外桃源Shangri-la or Arcadia
大锅饭getting an equal share regardless of the work done
伤痕文学scar literature or the literature of the wounded
不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on …
合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派，乱收费imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge
铁交椅iron (lifetime) post's; guaranteed leading post
脱贫to shake off poverty; anti-poverty
治则兴，乱则衰Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline
2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）
中秋节Mia-Autumn Festival
元宵节Lantern Festival
端午节Dragon Boat Festival
泼水节Water-Splashing Day
3、中国独特的传统饮食（Uique Traditional Chinese Foods）
花卷steamed twisted rolls
套餐set meal
盒饭box lunch; Chinese take-away
魔芋豆腐konjak tofu
冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)
八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding
粉丝glass noodles
豆腐脑jellied bean curd
4 、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）
十五计划the 10th Five-Year Plan
三峡工程the Three Gorges Project
京九铁路Beijing CKowloon Railway
扶贫工程Anti-Poverty Project
温饱工程Decent-Life Project
安居工程Economy Housing Project
扫黄Porn-Purging Campaign
西部大开发Go-West Campaign
5 、特有的一些汉语词汇
禅宗Zen Buddhism
禅dhyana; dhgaya
四谛Four Noble Truth
八正道Eightfold Path
无常anity
五行说Theory of Five Elements
无我anatman
坐禅metta or transcendental meditation
空sunyata
双喜double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)
小品witty skits
相声cross-talk
噱头；掉包袱gimmick, stunt
夜猫子night people; night-owls
本命年this animal year of sb.
处世之道philosophy of life
姻缘yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）
还愿redeem a wish (vows)
6 、具有文化特色的现代表述
红宝书little red book
红色中国socialist China
四化Four Modernizations
终生职业job-for-life
铁饭碗iron rice bowl
大锅饭communal pot
关系户closely-related units
外出打工人员migrant workers
关系网personal nets, closely-knitted guild
五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals
四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）：the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment
7 、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）
宣纸rice paper
叩头kowtow
中庸the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）
中和harmony (zhonghe)
孝顺to show filial obedience
孝子dutiful son
家长family head
three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife
三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲
five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 五常：仁、义、理、智、信
八股文eight-legged essays
多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness
养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one's old age
8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译
基层监督grass-roots supervision
基础税率base tariff level
婚介所matrimonial agency
婚外恋extramarital love
婚纱摄影bride photo
黑心棉shoddy cotton
机器阅卷machine scoring
即开型奖券scratch-open ticket/lottery
集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development
价格听证会public price hearings
甲A球队Division A Soccer Team
家政服务household management service
加强舆论监督ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
假帐accounting fraud
叫板challenge; pick a quarrel
矫情use lame arguments
渐进式台独gradual Taiwan independence
借调temporarily transfer
扩大中等收入者比重Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.
扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption
like-minded志趣相投的brush off 忽略，不理睬
petty 心胸狭窄，小心眼，微小EX：petty cash零钱
hold a grudge against someone记仇defective 残次品
get over it 不再计较忘记put you back 花多少钱tuxedo/tux燕尾服evening gown 晚礼服accessory 手表，手袋dry up 耗尽（资金，灵感等）dressed to kill 打扮十分抢眼ants in your pants （不用否定）坐立难安
gimmick 花招，噱头don’t want to point fingers 不想指责谁。