大学英语综合教程辅导大全词汇短语综合1-6单元

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大学英语综合教程辅导大全词汇短语综合1-6单元
Unit 1 Growing up
词汇活用与考点精析
1、possibility n. 可能(性),可能的事
The fire looked like an accident , but the police are still considering the possibility of arson . 这次火灾看上去像一宗意外,但警方仍在考虑纵火的可能性。

Feasible a. 可行的,可能且合理的;probability n. 可能性,或然性,可能的事;likely a. 看来要发生的,可能的
2、bore vt. 使人厌烦n. 讨厌的人或事vt.&vi. 钻孔;n. 孔洞
He bored us all by talking for hours about his new car . 他连续几个钟头大谈他的新车,使我们大家都感到厌烦。

Annoy vt . 使(某人)烦恼;bother vt. 打扰;tire vt.&vi (使)疲劳;dull a. 乏味的,无聊的;tiresome a. 令人厌烦的;uninteresting a. 无趣的,引不起兴趣的;tedious a. 冗长的,枯燥乏味的
3、associate vt. 使联系起来,使联想,与……结合,与……交往
The scientist decided he didn’t want to be associated with the project , and left. 这位科学家决定不予这个计划有任何的瓜葛,因而离开了。

Associate editor 副主编;vice-president 副总统、副校长;vice-chairman 副主席;vice-minister 副部长;vice-consul 副领事;deputy:deputy mayor 副市长;deputy commander-in-chief 副总司令;deputy secretary general 副秘书长;assistant:assistant manager 副经理;connect vt. 把……连接,联结;recall vt. (使)记忆,提醒
4、assignment n. (分配的)工作,任务,作业
She is going to India on a special assignment for her newspaper. 她受委派到印
度去执行报社的一项特殊任务。

Assignment 强调任务的限度和范围;task 强调某特别的任务并且该任务受环境或某主管人迫使;duty 强调义务或责任。

Assign vt. 分配,分派:assign sb. sth.=assign sth. to sb.;后缀-ment置于动词后构成名词,例:excitement 兴奋,treatment 处理,entertainment 娱乐,argument 论据,论点,争论。

5、agony n. (身心的)极度痛苦
He lay in agony until the doctor arrived. 他十分痛苦地躺着,直到医生来到。

Agonize v. 折磨,感到极度痛苦
6、anticipate vt. 预期,期望
We anticipate meeting a lot of opposition to our new plan for traffic control. 对于我
们所提的交通管制的新计划,我们预料会遭到很多反对。

Forecast vt. 预想,预测,预报,预兆;foreknow vt. 预料;foresee vt. 预见,预知;expect vt. 期望;predict vt.&vi 预知,预言,预报;prophesy vt.&vi 预言,预报;look forward to 期望
7、tedious a. 单调乏味的,沉闷的,冗长的
I was tired of his tedious talk. 我对他的无聊谈话觉得很厌烦。

Dull a. 感觉或理解迟钝的,无趣的,呆滞的,阴暗的;dreary a. 沉闷的;lengthy
a. (演说、文章等)冗长的,过分的;redundant a. 多余的
8、reputation n. 名声,名誉,名气
He has made a reputation for himself as master of mathematics. 他为自己赢得了数
学大师的名声。

Fame n. 名声,名望;renown n. 名望,声誉;repute n. 名誉,好名声;prestige n. 威信,威望;standing n. 级别,地位,名望;celebrity n. 著名,名声,名流
9、inspire vt. 激励,鼓舞
He tried to inspire them to greater efforts. 他力图鼓励他们作
出更大的努力。

Excite vt. 刺激,使兴奋,使激动vi.兴奋,激动;encourage vt. 鼓励,怂恿,鼓动;stimulate vt. 刺激,激励vi. 起刺激作用;expire vi. 期满;despair vi. 绝望10、formal a. 刻板的,拘谨的,正式的,正规的
He’s v ery formal with everyone; he never joins in a laugh. 他对们个人都很拘谨,从来不苟言笑。

Conventional a. 常规的,传统的
Formal和conventional均指合于传统形式及法则的,但formal 指遵守惯例习俗,且强调正确性,坚守不移,缺乏自然与亲切;conventional强调依照公认的形式或习俗,尤其在社会行为上,且强调缺乏独特性。

Rigid a. 刚硬的,刚性的。

严格的;restrained a. 受限制的,拘谨的,有限的;normal n. 正规的,常态a. 正常的,正规的,标准的
11、rigid a. 一成不变的,严格的,顽固的,坚硬的
He is still rigid in his opinions even if everybody else says he is wrong. 即使其他人都说他错了,他仍然固执己见。

Severe a. 严格的,严厉的,如:be severe with/on sb.;严重的,严酷的,如:a severe cold;严重的,激烈的,如:a severe shortage of water serious a.严肃的,正经的,如:a serious look;重大的,危险的,如:a serious problem;strict a. 严厉的,严格的,如be strict with sb.,be strict on sth.
12、hopelessly ad. 十分,无望地,绝望地
The factory went bankrupt and all of the workers had to leave hopelessly. 工厂
倒闭了,工人们不得不绝望地离开。

Quite ad. 相当,完全,十分,彻底;terrible ad. 可怕地,十分,极;despairingly ad. 绝望地
13、excessively ad. 过分地
The government inflicted excessively heavy income taxes on the people. 那个政府在人们身上征收了过重的所得税。

Extraordinary a. 非常的,特别的,非凡的,特派的
14、prim a. 整洁的,古板的,拘谨的
The old professor always has a prim manner of speaking. 这位老教授讲话的样子总是一本正经。

Neat a. 整洁的,灵巧的,优雅的;orderly a. 有秩序的,整齐的,整洁的;tidy a. 整齐的,整洁的,精简的;restrained a. 受限制的,拘谨的,有限的
15、severe a. 严厉的,严格的,剧烈的,严重的,严峻的
Was the judge too severe on the thief? 这个法官对小偷是不是太严厉了?
Sharp a. 锐利的,强烈的,刺耳的,急剧的,精明的,敏捷的;crucial a. 至关重要的;strict a. (with) 严格的,严厉的,严酷的,严峻的;firm a. 结实的,坚硬的,坚定的,坚固的,严格的
16、jaw n. 颚
He injured his lower jaw when he fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来造成了下颚受伤。

Be all jaw 全是空话;wag one’s jaw 喋喋不休
17、comic a. 滑稽的,喜剧的n. 连环漫画(册)
Is it a comic or a tragic play? 这是一部湘火炬还是悲剧
When my grandfather was a little boy , he bought a new comic every time he got ten cents. 我爷爷小时候,每当他有一毛钱他就买一本连环画册。

18、antique n. 古物,古玩a. 古时的,自古就有的
The palace is full of priceless antiques. 王宫里全是价值连城的古董。

Old a. 老的,年代久的;ancient a. 古代的,古老的,老式的;worn a. 用旧的,穿环的;obsolete a. 废弃的,过时的,老式的New a. 新的,新鲜的;fresh a. 新的,新做的;original a. 最初的,原来的;recent a. 新近的,近来的;novel a. 新颖的,新奇的;unworn a. 未用坏的,未磨损的,未穿过的
19、tackle vt. 处理,应付,与……交涉
He accused the committee of failing to tackle those severe economic problems . 他指责委员会未能处理那些严重的经济问题。

Tackle + 名词:应付,处理,解决(问题,工作等)
Tackle + somebody + about/over/on :(就……之事)和(某人)理论,交涉Tackle to 【口】劲头十足地开始干起来
20、essay n. 散文,小品文,论说文
We’ve got to write an essay about the war in the Middle East. 我们写了一片关于中东战争的文章。

Essay 散文,小品文。

指篇幅短的非小说类作品,包括学术的、幽默的、说教的或感想的。

Composition 作文。

事先有计划的写作,非即兴之作,通常指按照规定的题目写的作文。

Article 文章,论文。

指登载在报章、杂志或期刊上的非小说文章,范围可从最简短的,最实用的新闻稿件到具有散文风格的一切文章,包括最深奥的学术或科学研究论文。

Thesis 论文,主题。

指为了维护或建立一个原则而写的较短较简洁的论文。

也可指一篇作品的主题思想或论点,但主要用于说理性的非小说类文章。

Theme 主题,作文题,强调围绕题目进行组织材料,要求文章短小简洁。

Paper 论文。

如:学期论文term paper。

21、distribute vt. 分发,分配,分送,使分布,分散
Clothes and blankets have been distributed among the refugees. 向难民们分发了衣
服和毯子。

Contribute to 贡献,捐助;attribute to 归于,属于
22、scan v. 浏览,粗略地看;扫描;细看,审视
He scanned the list and picked out a name. 他浏览了一下名单并跳出一个名字。

Skim vt.&vi. 略读,草草阅读,浏览,常有skim through 的说法;
Skim over 掠过,滑过,漂过(水面)等;skip vi. 跳来跳去,蹦蹦跳跳;skip over 略过,漏掉,跳着读
22、title n. 标题,题目vt. 给……加标题,加题目于
The title of the movie was changed twice during production. 在制作过程中,这部电影的片名改动了两次。

Subject n. 题目,问题,题材,主题:wander from the subject 偏离正题;Theme n. (谈话、讨论、文章等的)题目,主题,主题思想;
Topic n. (文章、演讲的)题目,(节、段的)主题:a topic sentence 主题句;(提纲、大纲的)标题,细目;
Text a. 有称号的,有职称的,有贵族头衔的;titlist n. 体育方面的冠军;title deed 所有权证书,产权证书;title holder 有称号者,有职称者,有头衔者,冠军保持者;title page 标题页,扉页
23、extraordinary a. 不同寻常的,奇特的
Her talents are quite extraordinary. 她才华出众。

Marvelous a. 奇异的,奇迹般的,惊人的,【口】了不起的,绝妙的;Wonderful a. 令人惊奇的,奇妙的,精彩的,【口】极好的;
Miraculous a. 超自然的,非凡的,奇迹般的。

24、sequence n. 一连串相关的事物,次序,顺序
Please keep the cards in sequence. 请把纸牌顺序排好。

Consequence n. 结果,后果;subsequent n. 随后,后来,继之而来的事。

25、image n. 形象,印象,(图)像vt. 想象
Jack has not yet realize that his public image has been greatly damaged by his dishonesty. 杰克尚未意识到他的不诚实已经大大损害了他的公众形象。

Imaginary a. 想象中的,虚构的;imagination n. 想象,想象力;
Imaginative a. 富于想象力的,爱想象的;imagine vt. 想象,设想
26、adult n. 成年人,成年动物a. 成年的,成年人的
This film is for adults only. 此电影只供成人观看。

They’ve dealt with the situation in a very adult way.
Grown-up n. 成年人;infant n. 婴儿;baby n. 幼儿;teenagers n. 青少年,十几岁少年;adolescent n. 青少年;elder n. 老年人
27、humor n. 心情,幽默,诙谐
Susan is a bad humor today.
He has a strong sense of humor.
Mood n. 情绪,心情:在一种特定时间里,对某事,某人的态度;humor n. 性情或身体上的感觉所决定的“心境”或“精神”;temper n. 性格,脾气;emotion n. 情绪,情感,感情;feeling n. 触觉,知觉,感觉,情绪,同情。

28、recall vt. 回想起,回忆起
You should try to recall exactly what happened.
Remember vt. 回忆起,铭记,纪念vi. 记得;revived vi.&vt. (使)苏醒,(使)复兴,(使)复活,(使)再生效,回想
29、argument n. 论据,论点,争论
There are many argument against smoking.
Contention n. 争夺,争论,争辩,论点;issue n. 论点,问题,出版,发行行,(报刊等)期,号,结果,(水,血等的)流出vi. 发行,流出,造成……,结果,进行辩护vt. 使流出,放出,发行(钞票等),发布(命令),出版(书等)发给;controversy n. 争论,辩论,vi.&vt. 争论,辩论
30、violate vt. 违背,违反
My younger brother received a ticket for violating a traffic law.
Breach vt. 打破,突破n. 违背,破坏,破裂,裂口;disobey, vt.&vi.违反,不服从;offend vt.&vi. 犯罪,冒犯,违反,得罪,使……不愉快
31、compose vt. 创作,组成,构成
She began to compose songs at an early age.
Compose 常用于被动语态:be composed of 由……构成;
consist of 由……构成,包含;be made up of 由……构成;constitute (某成分)构成某物;form,形成;comprised (某物)由……构成,包含;构成
32、command n. 命令,指令
Fire on my command.
Order n. 命令,订购,订单,次序,顺序,正常(工作)状态,秩序vt. 命令,订购,定制,;appoint vt. 约定,指定(时间,地点),任命,委任;appointment n. 约会,指定;injunction n. 命令,指令;instruction n. 指示,用法说明书,教育,指导,指令
33、discipline n. 惩罚,处分,纪律,学科
The child needs discipline.
Punishment n. 处罚
34、contempt n. 轻视,轻蔑
I feel nothing but contempt for such dishonest behavior.
Despise vt. 轻视;look forward on 轻视,看不起,蔑视
35、avoid vt. 避免
I try to avoid to meeting him because he always bored me.
Abstain vi. 禁绝,放弃;escape vi. 逃脱,避开,溜走vt.逃避,避免,被忘掉n. 逃,逃亡,出口,逃跑
36、career n. 生涯,事业,职业
He planned to make lawyer his career.
Employment n. 工作;job n. 工作;occupation n. 工作;vocation n. 行业,职业,召唤,号召,天命,天职,才能;professional n. 职业
37、seal n. 印,图章
There is no official seal on this document.
Seal of office 公章;set one’s seal to 在……上盖章,保证,批准;set the seal on 使确定下来,使生效
38、essence n. 本质,精髓
The essence of his speech is that we must work harder.
Soul n. 灵魂,心灵,精神,精力
39、congratulation n. 祝贺,恭喜
Congratulations on your success!
Celebrate vt. 庆祝,祝贺,表扬,赞美,举行;cheer vt. 令人喜悦,令人高兴,喝彩,欢呼;greet vt. 欢迎,问候;delight vt. 使喜悦,使欢乐
短语活用与考点精析
1、keep something in mind 记得
You have to be home by 11 o’clock. Keep that in mind.
Bear something in mind 记住某事;have something in mind 1.记住某事,记得某
事2. 想要某事;make up one’s mind 下决心
2、in particular 尤其
I noticed his eyes in particular , because they were such an unusual color.
In every particular/ In all particular 每一点/所有项目
3、come to somebody 被想到
I can’t remember her name now--- it’ll come to me later.
Come to the conclusion 得出结论;come to oneself 恢复自制力,恢复知觉
4、off and on 断断续续,有时
it has been raining off and on for a week.
或作on and off;at times 有时,不时;at whiles 有时;for time to time 有时;from time to time 有时;on occasion 有时。

5、take hold 生根,确立
The idea of one child only has taken hold in many Chinese families.
Take hold of 握住,控制
5、turn out 生产,制造
This factory can turn out 100 cars a day.
Turn over 周转,大量买进或卖出;turn around 好转,转变
6、out of date 过时的,陈旧的
Although her clothes were out of date , the old lady looked clean and dignified.
Out of fashion/old-fashioned /out of style 过时的,陈旧的
7、prepare oneself for 使某人做好思想准备
prepare yourself for a shock
prepare against 防备
8、face up to 勇敢地接受
You must learn to face up to your responsibility responsibilities.
Face somebody with something 使面临,把…摆在…面前;face…out 勇敢地反对
9、take out 取出,拿出
He took his pen out and signed on the spot.
Break out 取出,倒空,突发,爆发,叫嚷,使作准备;come up with 赶上,提出,拿出
10、be seated 坐下,坐着,坐落
Please be seated .
Sit down ,please .请坐
11、put something down 写下,记下
Let me put down you telephone number .
Take …down/write …down 写下,记下
12、turn in 交回,交还
You must turn in your gun when you leave the army.
Hand in 上交,提交
13、read…out 朗读,宣读
The announce read out the football results.
Read for 攻读;read over 通读;read up 深入研究
14、what’s more 而且,更为重要的
The new system is cheaper ,what’s more ,it’s ;better.
Moreover 再者,此外;furthermore 而且,再者
15、hold back 控制(感情,眼泪)
Jim was able to hold back his anger and avoid a fight.
Hold down 压制,限制
16、at the eleventh hour 在最后一刻
War, which had seemed almost certain ,was averted at the eleventh hour.
17、as it were 可以说是,换句话说
He is ,as it were ,a modern Sherlock Holmes.
As it is 事实上,实际情况是
Unit 2 Friendship
词汇活用与考点精析
1、C ab n. 出租汽车,司机室,轻便马车
Shall we walk or take a cab?
Vehicle n. 运载工具,车辆;ambulance n. 救护车;bus n. 公共汽车;coach n. 公共马车,长途汽车,观光大客车;double-decker n. 双层电车;jeep n. 吉普车;lorry n. 平板四轮车,货运卡车;van n. 货运车;minibus n. 中客车,面包车;trolleybus n. 无轨电车;tram n. 有轨电车,煤车,缆车;taxi n. 出租汽车
2、a vailable a. 可用的,可得到的,可取得联系的
The hall is available on Saturday night.
Practicable a. 能实行的,行得通的,可以实行的;usable a. 可用的,合用的;attainable a. 可到达的,可得到的;gainable a. 可得到的
3、e stimate vt. 估计
Her personal are estimated at 10 million dollars.
Estimate 指对事物的数量或价值作一个粗略的计算
Evaluate 指对事物的价值的整体好坏作细致具体的评价
Judge 指对事物或观点的“判断”
4、c orrespondence n. 通信,信件
Jake never mentions his step-father in his correspondence.
-respond v. 反应,回答;respondent n. 回答者,被告
5、practically ad. 几乎
He’d known the old woman for practically 8 years.
Practice n. 实践,实习;practise v. 实践,实习;practical a. 实际的,实用的;practicable a. 可用的,可实行的;practitioner n. 实践者,实习者;impractical a. 不切合实际的。

5、k id n. 小孩,少年;年轻人,小伙子;vt.&vi,戏弄,开玩笑
They’ve got three kids.
Baby n. 婴儿,幼稚的人;child n. 小孩,少年,儿童;infant n. 婴儿,幼儿;newborn
a. 新生的;newborns n. 新生儿
6、n eighborhood n. 街坊,邻居
Houses in a good neighborhood are to be sold at a high price.
Neighbor n. 邻居
后缀-Hood 表示时期、情况、状态、性质、身份、资格等。

如childhood 童年;boyhood 少年时代;brotherhood 兄弟纸谊;motherhood 母性,母亲身份;manhood 成年;bachelorhood 独身生活;likelihood 可能性;falsehood 谬误,不真实。

7、g uy n. 家伙,伙计
David is a nice guy when you get to know him.
Give the guy to 从……逃走
Fellow n. 人,家伙,伙伴,学会特别会员,朋友,同事 a. 同伴的,同事的,同道的;guy n. 家伙,人;chap n. 伙伴,家伙,小伙子,颚v. 使破裂;lad n. 少年,青年男子,伙子,家伙
8、t ough a. 不幸的,困难的,坚固的,坚强的
It is tough on him.
Fierce a. 凶猛的,极难的;sinister a. 不详的,不幸的;beneficent a. 慈善的,行善的;merciful a. 仁慈的,宽大的;
humane a. 仁慈的,人道的;good-hearted 好心肠的
9、s hrug v.耸n. 耸肩
When I asked him where the dog was , he just shrugged.
Shrug off 对…不屑一顾,摆脱
10、urge v. 力劝,催促
I urged my sister to take a year off to study oil-painting.
Urge somebody to do something 力劝、催促某人做某事
Urge 引导的that 从句中用should+ 动词原型或直接用动词原型,这是虚拟语气的一种形式
11、postpone vt. 推迟,使延迟
They decided to postpone the expedition until the next week.
Postpone 与delay 同义,后面通常跟名次或动名词
Post-是前缀,以它开头的词有:postwar a. 战后的;postdate n.&vt. 推迟…的日期;post-liberation a. 解放后的;postgraduate a. 大学毕业后的,n. 研究生;post-treatment a. 治疗后的;postface n. 刊后语;post-script n. 编后记
12、reference n. 提及,谈到,参考,参阅
It was strange that Jane made no reference to any working experience in her resume . Mention vt. 提及,说起n. 提及,说起;notice n. 通知,布告,注意vt. 注意到;consult vi.&vt. 商量,商议,请教,参考,考虑
13、absolutely ad. 完全地,极其,绝对地
Funding is absolutely necessary if you want to go on with your research work. Relatively ad. 相对地
14、reunion n. 重聚
Before he went abroad to pursue further study , the whole family had a big family reunion.
前缀re- 表示“再,重新”;union n. 联合,合并;uni- 也是前缀,表示“一,单一”,含有uni-(un-)的常用词有:unite v. 统一,联合;unity n. 整体;unit n. 单元;unique a. 唯一的,独一无二的;
unify v. 使成为一体;uniform n. 制服;unicycle n. 独轮车;unanimous a. 一致的;unison n. 齐唱
15、mostly ad. 几乎全部;多半,大体
She used her car mostly for shopping.
Choke back 抑制,忍住(怒气,眼泪等);choke down 哽咽(食物);抑制情感;choke off 强制放弃(做某事),停止,扼杀;choke up 呛住,说不出话来,阻塞16、destination n. 目的地Only half of the emergencies have reached their destination.
Goal n. 终点,目的,目标;aim n. 瞄准,目标;end n. 末端,完结,目的;object n. 对象,目的;objective n.军事目标,出击目标;target n. 靶子,目标,对象17、skip vt. 略过,跳过,跳跃Since there is not enough time , we will have to skip some of the exercises in Unit 2. Skim vt.&vi. 浏览,指跳过文章的具体细节不看,在短时间内迅速掌握文章的主旨和大意
Scan vt. 查读,细读,指根据题目要求在文章中快速扫描出问题的细节和答案
Skip vt. 跳读,指对于和试题不相关的文章部分,可以跳过不看,从而有效节省时间
18、sorrow n. 悲哀,悲痛,伤心事
She felt great sorrow when her husband died.
Regret vt.&vi.强烈的失落感或遗憾;sorrow n. 不幸、苦难或失落而造成的悲伤,也暗示悔恨;grief n. 深切、尖锐的个人痛苦;anguish n. 令人难受、折磨人的精神的痛苦;woe n. 经常指剧烈而漫长的不幸或悲惨;heartache n. 通常指持久的内心痛苦;heartbreak n. 极度的悲伤
19、unpack vt. 打开;vi. 打开包裹
Let’s unpack before we go to bed.
Open up 展开,打开,开发,揭露,开始;unbar vt. 拔去门闩,打开;unbolt vt. 拔去门闩,打开;unclose 打开;undo vt. 解开,松开;unfold vt. 打开,显露,开展,阐明vi. 伸展,开花,呈现;
unwrap vt. 打开,解开,展开
短语活用与考点精析
1、be lost in/ lose oneself in 专心致志于
addict oneself/ be addicted to 沉溺于;engage oneself in/ be engaged in 从事于;indulge oneself in/ be indulged in 沉迷于
2、go ahead 继续,开始
go on 继续下去,继续某种行为
3、know/learn by heart 记住,能背出
at heart 内心里,本质上;by heart 用心记;in heart 心情好的;out of heart 沮丧的,垂头丧气的
4、may/might (just) as well 不妨,还是…的好
5、not much of a 不太好的,称不上的
not a good 不太好的;not very good 不是什么了不起的
6、keep up 保持
keep back 隐瞒,保留,阻止;keep down 压缩,压制;keep off 使不接近,使让开;keep on 继续,反复做;keep to 遵守,坚持
7、all the way 自始自终,无保留的,一直,无限地
all the while 一直,始终;all through 一直,始终;all together 一道,同时,总共
8、kind/sort of 有几分,有点儿
kinda(口语)=kind of
9、lose touch (with somebody) 与…失去联系
keep in touch with sb. 与…保持联系
10、a couple of 几个,一对,一双
11、come up (意想不到的)发生,出现;被讨论
Come off 举行,成功,脱落;come on 进步,进展,生长;come out 出现,出版;come around 顺便来访;come through 经历…还活着;come to 苏醒;come up to 到达,符合;come up with 提出,想出,提供
12、go by (时间)逝去
Go after 追求;go along with 赞同,支持;go back on one’s word 食言;go for 偏爱,适用于;go into 叙述,从事;go off 爆炸,停止运行;go out 熄灭,过时;
go up 上升,增长;go wrong 出错,发生故障
13、hang out 闲荡,徘徊;晾,晒
Hang on 等一会,别挂断,坚持;hang onto 紧紧抓住;hang up 挂断(电话)
14、every now and then 有时,时不时
15、choke up 窒息,堵塞,哽咽
16、in the distance 在远处,在很远的那边
At a/ some distance 隔开一段距离,留有间隔
17、right away 立刻,马上
Unit 3 Understanding Science
词汇活用与考点精析
1、attitude n. 态度,看法(后面的介词常用to或toward)
people’s attitude towards the skyscrapers varies widely.
Opinion n. 观点;position n.姿态,观点;standpoint n. 立足点,立场;viewpoint n. 观点
2、likely a. 可能的,ad. 或许,很可能
It’s quite likely that the candidate will be elected Pre sident of the U.S.
She is the most likely girl to win the prize.
possible a. 可能的,可能存在或发生的;maybe ad. 大概,或许n. 疑虑;perhaps ad. 或许,多半;probably ad. 大概,或许
3、privilege n. 特权,特别待遇
Education should not be considered to be a privilege in a modern society. Advantage n. 优势;favor n. 好感,宠爱;license n. 许可权,特许
4、minority n. 少数
Cricket is a minority sport in the U.S.
fewness n. 少,少数;handful n. 一把,少数;paucity n. 极小量
5、highly ad. 很,非常
The artist was highly regarded
very ad. 很,甚,及其,非常,完全a. 真正的,真实的,恰好的,绝对的;quite ad. 相当,完全,十分,彻底;awfully ad. 非常,很,十分;extraordinary a. 非常的,特别的,非凡的;greatly ad. 很,非常;in the extreme ad. 非常,极端6、risky a. 冒险的,有风险的Anything that promises to pay too much can’t help being risky
adventurous a. 喜欢冒险的,敢作敢为的,充满危险的;hazardous a. 危险的,冒险的,碰运气的;venturesome a. 冒险的,冒危险的,危险的
7、nasty a. 令人难受的,污秽的,肮脏的,令人厌恶的,淫秽的
Mummy has been very nasty since Daddy left home
afflictive a. 带给人痛苦的,苦恼的,难受的;filthy a. 不洁的,污秽的,丑恶的;dirty a. 肮脏的,卑鄙的,下流的vt. 弄脏vi. 变脏;sick a. 不舒服的,有病的,恶心的,厌恶的,渴望的,病态的vt. 呕吐,追击,使狗去咬n. 病人
8、brutish a. 如野兽般的,粗野的
The man whom I met in the mountain area last week is very brutish and coarse. coarse a. 粗糙的,粗鄙的;graceless a. 粗俗的;gross a. 总的,毛重的n. 总额
9、anyway ad. 无论如何,用任何方法
I don’t know if it was lost or stolen; anyway, it’s gone
She told me to do the job anyway I wanted
anyhow ad. 无论如何,不管怎样anywhere ad. 无论何处;anytime ad.无论何时10、competition n. 竞赛,竞争
Because there is so much unemployment, the competition for jobs is very fierce.
He takes part in a swimming competition.
price competition 价格竞争;qualifying competition 预选赛,及格赛;team competition 团体赛;unfair competition 不正当竞争;warm-up competition 预赛competition是比较广泛的对抗竞赛行为,如为了利益或奖品等;contest是指竞争或竞赛;尤指参加各自献技并由评判员进行评判的比赛;tournament则专指体育锦标赛。

11、technology n. 技术,工艺,科技
The development of technology has been very fast.
art n. 艺术,艺术品,技术,巧妙,美术工艺;arts and crafts n. 工艺;craftwork n. 工艺(品);science and technology 科学技术;skill n. 技能,技巧,熟练,巧妙
12、moreover ad. 而且,此外
I don’t like skating; moreover, the ice is too thin.
moreover是一个常用的衔接词,表示对已作出的陈述的补充,常用在句首。

在英语写作中可适当用此类衔接词,是文章脉络清晰。

与之类似的词汇还有furthermore, also, besides, additionally, in addition 等
furthermore ad. 此外,而且;besides ad. 此外prep. 除……之外;again ad. 又,再次,此外,再一次
13、inquire vi. (常与of, about连用)询问;(常与into连用)调查
The director inquired of me about the sales promotion of toys
We inquired into his story, and found it was true .
inquiring a. 咨询的,打听的,爱追根究底的;inquiry n. 调查,询问;require vt. 要求,需要;query n. 询问,怀疑,查询。

14、global a. 全球的,全世界的,球形的
The global weather has been abnormal for the whole week .
15、suppress vt. 镇压,抑制,使止住
Suppress fire 灭火;suppress bleeding 止血;suppress
information 封锁消息
The troops suppressed the rebellion by firing on the mob.
She was struggling to suppress her sobs
check vt. 检查,制止,控制;curb vt. 勒马,控制,约束;hold back 控制;inhibit vt. 阻止,抑制;keep down 制止,控制;restrain vt. 抑制,克制;restrict vt. 限制;subdue vt. 征服,镇压。

16、initiative n. 首创精神,主动
Charles is shy and does not take the initiative in making acquaintances.
originate vt. 引起,发明,发起,创办vi. 起源,发生;pioneer n.先驱,倡导者,先遣兵,先锋
17、rate n. 速度,比率
The rate of interest is 5 percent.
Rapidity n. 速度,迅速,急速;speed n. 迅速,速度,速率vi.&vt. 加快,速飞,
飞跑;velocity n. 速度,速率,迅速,周转率
18、ensure vt. 确保,保证,保护,使安全(against ,from)
We can ensure that the work shall be done in the right way.
The shelters are built to ensure civilians’ safety from air raids.
Cover vt.&vi. 覆盖,保护;defend vt. 保卫;guarantee vt. 保证,确保;guard vt. 保护,保卫;make certain 确保;protect vt.保护;shelter vt. 保护,庇护;shield vt.保护,防护
19、informed a. 有知识的,见闻广的,精明的
People are much better informed since the advent of the computer.
acquaint a. 有知识的;canny a. 谨慎的,精明的,节约的;shrewd a. 精明
20、expert n. 专家
He is a famous chemical expert.
specialist n.专家,专门医师
21、steady a. 稳固的,稳定的,坚定的
You’d better level the table’s legs to make it steady.
to make a table steady 使桌子牢靠;as steady as a rock 稳如磐石;making steady progress 取得稳定进步;go steady (美国口语)确定恋爱关系
steady,even,constant均表示稳定;steady意思较普遍,表示持续,有规律,坚定;even表示有规律,无波动;has an even disposition有从容气质;constant指在本质和形式上无变化,如:a constant friend 忠实的朋友;constant作为名词在数学中表示常数、常量。

22、evident a. 明显的
It’s evident that you are been drinking.
obvious a. 明显的,显而易见的;clear a. 清楚的,清晰的ad. 清楚地,完全地vt. 扫除,清除vi.晴;distinct a. 清楚的,明显的,截然不同的,独特的
23、cartoon n. 漫画,连环画
Are you going to take your kids to see the cartoon showing in the Shihlin Theater? 24、element n. 要素,因素,成分,[化]元素
Both hydrogen and oxygen are elements.
The element of physics are difficult to grasp.
basic n. 基本,要素,基础;essential n. 本质,实质,要素,要点a. 本质的,实质的,基本的,提炼的,精华的;factor n. 因素,要素,因数,代理人;ingredient n. 成分,因素;component n. 成分
a.组成的,构成的
25、astronomy n. 天文学
Since his early childhood he began to be interested in astronomy.
26、audience n. (集体名词)听众,观众
The audience is/are always very excited by a wonderful goal.
There was a large audience in the theatre.
Hearer n. 听者,听众;listener n. 收听者,听众;spectator n. 观众(指比赛或表演)
27、series n. 连续,系列,<数>级数
He saw a series of white arrows painted on the road.
*series的复数仍是series,以s结尾的单复数同形的常见词汇有means, species. series, sequence, succession, chain都含有“依次排列的一连串事物等”的意思,
series指“一连串彼此有联系的人物或事件”,如:a series of TV plays 电视连续剧;sequence指“在次序、字母顺序、观念、事物或因果等方面紧密联系而不可分的系列”如:the sequence of events一系列事件;succession指“在时间或次序上相连续的事物”如:a succession of errors接二连三的错误;chain指“连结在一起的一系列事物”如:a chain of ideas一连串想法。

28、fiction n. 虚构,编造,小说
It is all very well for such things to occur in fiction.
science fiction 科幻,科学幻想小说
novel n. 小说,长篇故事a. 新奇的,新颖的;story n. 故事,小说,传说,事迹;novelette n. 中篇(或短篇)小说;compile vt. 编译,编辑,汇编;draw up 草拟,逼近,追上;cook up 伪造,虚构
29、harness vt. 驾驭,利用
As soon as the horses are harnessed up, we will be ready to leave .
rein vt.以缰绳控制,统治,驾驭vi. 勒住马,止住n. 缰绳,统治,支配;utilize vt. 利用
30、background n. 背景,幕后,(个人出生、受教育)经历,衬底
This is s photo of Mary with our house in the background.
She has a lot of power and influence but likes to remain in。

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