2014届高考英语7选5补缺题新题型精品教学案

2014届高考英语7选5补缺题新题型精品教学案阅读填空题详解分析
分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英语的语篇（discourse）通常是由句子和语段（sentencegroup）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓的“积句而成章，积章而成篇。

”就是这个道理。

分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。

语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。

构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，我们在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只要层层入手，才能真正理解文章。

第二节(共5小题:每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有
两项为多余选项。

Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecome abatterstudentinseveralways71Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefe rtowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudyti meandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.
Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhile readingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.72Wheneverorhoweveryoutake notes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.73
Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.
●Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.
●Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsand supportingfacts.
●?Writeyournotesinyourownwords.
●?74
●?Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.
Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速
记).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethem allthetime.75
ewords,notcompletesentences.
B.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.
C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.
D.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.
E.youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.
F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyo
ur
notes.
G.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasier
foryoutounderstandandrememberit.
71.G 72.E 73.F 74.A 75.D
这篇文章整体分为四个段落层次，每个段落均由几个语段构成相对独立地语义单位，各段都围绕“Takinggoodnotes”这样一个中心话题，形成了文章的线性结构；第一段讲述的是做笔记是好学生在多方面的一项省时技巧，第二段讲述的是不管何时、用何种方法做笔记，都要有选择性的做记录，第三段讲述的是做笔记的最佳方法，第四段讲述的是要记住自己的速记符号，这就形成了文章的层次结构，这对下一步的做题有了明确的整体方向。

阅读填空题的解题策略：
1.理清句际间意义的关系
文章的内容是根据各层各段的大意有机地组合而成，各个层次，各个段落之间不管怎样错落有致，但它所表达的内容都是要围绕中心的，各句之间都有一定的语脉，从逻辑意义上来看，语段的句际关系可分为平列、顺序、层递、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系（章振邦，1985）。

构成语段的各个句子之间有时可以包含一种以上的句际关系。

因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握语脉，理清句际间的关系，进而理解语段
或全文的内容。

如2008年高考英语（宁夏卷）阅读理解新题型中，第一段的第一句
“Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabatterstude ntinseveralways”与下面几句是解释关系，解释关系是指后面的句子对前面的句子作解释、引申、例证，使意思更加明了、具体。

后三句之间是平列关系，平列关系指句与句之间处于平等并列的地位，互不相属，而只是组合在一起共同说明一个问题。

平列关系组合的语段，在次序上并不固定，如果局部改变句子的相互位置并不改变整个语段的意思。

第二段的第一句与第二句是层递关系，层递关系是一种固定的顺序关系，但又不同与顺序关系，顺序关系指构成语段的各句子只能按事物发展的过程由先而后地顺序排列，不可随意改变次序，通常在记叙文或描述固定的操作程序的说明文中用得普遍，而层递关系组合的语段是按语意的轻重、认识的深浅作由轻到重、由浅入深的排列。

第三句与第四句是解释关系，第一、二句组合为一个语段，第三、四句组合为另外一个语段，语段与语段之间是总分关系，总分关系是指前面的句子陈述两个过两个以上的对象，后面的句子紧接着分别对它们加以说明。

用这种方式组合的语段能够前呼后应，彼此配合，使语脉清楚，条分缕析，如“Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes”一句与前两句前呼后应，彼此配合，为前句选
“E.youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.”埋伏了一笔，逻辑性很强。

第三段的第一句与下面几句是解释关系，而后列举
的方法是平列关系。

第四段的最后两句是转折关系，转折关系指句与句之间存在意义的转折，通常表达对比或对照的意思。

2.找出句子之间的连接性的词语
文章的语句间的组合，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握，因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系是承接关系（如
so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等）、平列关系（如
first,second,third…;firstly,secondly,thirdly…;first,next,then…;inthefirstpla ce,inthesecondplace…;foronething,foranotherthing…;tobeginwith,toconclu de等）、比如文章中的选项71，由Second、Third得知应选表示平列关系的句子G.项,转折关系（如
however,nevertheless,nonetheless,still,though,yet,inspiteof,atanyrate,inany case,whoever,whateveronthecontrary,incontrast,bycontrast,incomparison,b ycomparison,conversely,otherwise等）、如选项75与前句构成了转折关系,故应选D.项答案,层递关系（如
also,further,furthermore,likewise,sim ilarly,moreover,inaddition,what’smore ,too,either,neither,not…but…,notonly…butalso等），如72选项与前句组合为层递关系,故应选包含also的E.项句子,或者是解释关系,如73选项应选F.选项,与74选项平等的，是一组祈示句,而非陈述句,故应选A.
项而非B项。

总之，对一个语段或语篇的分析，可以按以下步骤进行：（1）通读整篇文章，把握整段语脉，理出文章的中心。

（2）根据标点符号确定有几个句子。

（3）除中心词、关键词外，将所有句子按意义分出层次，如果是承接、平列、层进关系，则可分为两个或两个以上的层次，如果是解释、转折一般就可以
一分为二。

（4）再分析各层次之间的关系。

（5）最后检查核对层次划分有无错误。

如一篇文章或语段有几个句子单位，几个层次，特别是长难句构成的语段层次是否明确。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

_71_Oneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyouownclub.It’sgre atfunespeciallyifyouarethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtodod uringtheschoolholidays. Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub._72_Pets,clothes,p opmusicordancinggroups,sports,makingthingsThelistisendless. Nextyouneedsomefriendstobeinyourclubwithyou._73_Allyouneedisthreeorf ourotherpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamethingasyou.
_74Youshouldallsitdownsomewheretogetherwithlotsofpiecesofpaperandwri tedowneverynameyoucanthinkup.That’llkeepyoubusyforages. Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.Andthefirstruleshouldbeno grown-upsorlittle/bigbrothersorsisters!Thebestclubsarealwayssecret!
Nowyouhavejustabouteverythingyouneed,exceptmembershipcards.Thesear everyimportantandagainyoucanspeedalotoftimemakingthem.75Whynotleav esomespaceforaphotoofyourselfThatwillmakethemembershipcardreallylook likeit.
Sothereyouare,getclubbing!Onceyougetstartedyou’llthinkofloadsofmoreinte restingthingstodo!
A.That’seasy.
B.Enjoyyourownclub!
C.Inviteadesignertojoinyou.
D.Whatareyouinterestin
E.Somevacationisjustaroundthecorner.
F.Thenyouneedtopickanameforyourclub.
eabrightthickpentomakeaspecialdesign.
71.E72.D73.A74.F75.G
(16)Peopleusemoneytobuyfood,furniture,books,bicyclesandhundredso fotherthingstheyneedorwant.Whentheywork,theyusuallygetpaidinmoney. Mostofthemoneytodayismadeofmetalorpaper.(17)Oneofthefirstkindsofmon eywasshells.
Shellswerenottheonlythingsusedasmoney.InChina,clothandkniveswere used.InthePhilippineIslands,ricewasusedasmoneyforalongtime.Elephanttus ks,monkeytailsandsaltwereusedasmoneyinpartsofAfrica.
ThefirstmetalcoinsweremadeinChina.Theywereroundandhadasquareholeint hecentre.(18)
Differentcountrieshaveuseddifferentmetalsanddesignsfortheirmoney.(1 9)SwedenandRussiausedcopper(铜)tersomecountries begantomakecoinsofgoldandsilver.
Butevengoldandsilverwereinconvenientifyouhadtobuysomethingexpen sive.AgaintheChinesethoughtofawaytoimprovemoney.(20)Thefirstpapermo neylookedmorelikeanotefromonepersontoanotherthanthepapermoneyusedto day. Moneyhashadaninterestinghistoryfromthedaysofshellmoneyuntiltoday.
A.ThefirstcoinsinEnglandweremadeoftin(锡).
B.Butpeopleusedtouseallkindsofthingsasmoney.
C.Nooneknowsforcertainwhenpeoplebegantousemoney.
D.Peoplestrung(串连)themtogetherandcarriedthemfromplacetoplace.
E.Money,asweknow,isallmadeofpaper.
F.Theybegantousepapermoney.
G.Todayanyonewillacceptmoneyinexchangeforgoodsandservices.
E篇GBDAF
(16)Whenapersondoesacertainthingagain,heisimpelled(迫
使)bysomeunseenforcetodothesamethingrepeatedly;thusahabitisformed.On ceahabitisformed,itisdifficult,andsometimesimpossible,togetridof.(17)Child renoftenformbadhabits,someofwhichremainwiththemaslongastheylive.Olde
rpersonsalsoformbadhabitsaslongastheylive.Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabit s,andsometimesbecomeruinedbythem.
(18)Manysuccessfulmensaythatmuchoftheirsuccesshassomethingtodo withcertainhabitsinearlylife,suchasearlyrising,honestyandthoroughness. Amongthehabitswhichchildrenshouldnotformarelaziness,lying,stealingands oon.(19)Unfortunatelyolderpersonsoftenformhabitswhichoughttohavebeena voided.
(20)
A.Thereareotherhabitswhich,whenformedinearlylife,areofgreathelp.
B.Whethergoodornothabitare,theyareeasytogetridof.
C.Weoughttokeepfromallthesebadhabits,andtrytoformsuchhabitsaswillprov egoodforourselvesandothers.
D.Habits,whethergoodorbad,aregraduallyformed.
E.Itisveryimportantforustoknowwhyweshouldgetusedtogoodhabbits.
F.Thesearealleasilyformedhabits.
G.Itisthereforeveryimportantthatweshouldpaygreatattentiontotheformationo fhabits.
E篇DGAFC 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中的两项为多途选项。

AreyoutrulyhappyDoyoueverknowwhatitmeanstobehappyandwhatitta kestoachievehappiness__71___.ThefollowingareafewtipsthatIfollowtocreat ehappinessinmylife.
※Makeaplanforattaininggoalsthatyoubelievewillmakeyouhappy.Your moodswillverylikelyincreaseifyouaregoingaftersomethingyouvalue.
※Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople.Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhen youaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway.___72___.
※Whensomethinggoeswrong,trytofigureoutasolutioninsteadofbeingab sorbedinselfpity.Trulyhappypeopledon’tallowsetbackstoaffecttheirmoodbec ausetheyknowthatwithalittlethoughttheycanturnthecircumstancesbacktothei rfavor.
※__73_.Thesefewminuteswillgiveyoutheopportunitytofocusontheposi tivethingsinyourlifeandwillleadyoutocontinuoushappiness.
※74.Whetheryoutreatyourselftolunch,takealong,relaxingbathorsimply spendafewextraminutesonyourappearance,youwillbesubconsciously(下意识地)puttingyourselfinabettermood.
※Findingthehumorinsituationscanalsoleadtohappiness.Findawaytoma kelightofasituationthatwouldotherwisemakeyouhappy.
※Keepinghealthyisanotherwaytoachievehappiness.75. A．Whatmakesonepersonhappymaybeverydifferentfromwhatmakessomeo neelsehappy.
B．Onthecontrary,ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy,theiremotionalstate willbeinfectious. C．Beingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectony ourmooD．D．Theseareimportantquestionsforanyonewhoisseekinghappinesstoaskthe mselves. E．Spendafewminuteseachdaythinkingaboutthethingsthatmakeyouhappy. F．Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness.
G．It’salsoimportanttotakesometimeeachdaytodosomethingniceforyourself.
阅读:71-75DBEGC 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

__71___.Beingangrydoesn’treallysolvemuch,butwhatpeopledowhenth eyfeelangryisimportant.Thegoalistocalmdownandtrytosolvewhatisbothering you.Thisishardforsomekidsandadults,too.Insteadofcalmingdown,somekids mightkeepgettingmoreandmoreupsetuntiltheyexplodelikeavolcano!
__72___.Theirangermightbesostrongthattheylosecontroloftheirtemper. Theymayactinwaysunacceptableandhurtful.Peoplemaysaythatsomeonehastr oublecontrollingtheirtemper.__73___
Somekidsmightgetsoangrythattheyscreamattheirparents,breaksomethin g,orevenworse,hittheirbrothersorsisters._74____.However,it’snotOKforaki
dtodoanyofthosethings.Kidsdon’twanttoactinthisway,butsometimesangryfe elingscanbehardtomanage.Sowhattodo
Well,thegoodnewsisthatkidsdon’tjusthavetokeepmakingthesamemistak esoverandoveragain.__75___.Imagineyourtemperasapuppyinsideyouthatne edssometraining.Thepuppyisnotbad----itwillprobablyturnoutagreatdog.Itjus tneedstolearnsomerulesbecause,rightnow,thatpuppyiscausingsomeproblems toyou.
A.Youcantrainyoutemper.
B.Youdon’twanttocaus etrouble.
C.Kidsshouldbeallowedtoexpresstheirfeelings,evenangryones.
D.Everybodygetsangrysometimes.
E.Infact,theyusuallymeanthatakidbehavesbadlywhenfeelingangry.
F.Insteadofthinkingofthepersonyou’reangrywith,thinkofsomethingelse.
G.Somekidsgetangrymoreoftenormoreeasilythansomeotherkids.
71-75DGECA 第二节（共5小题，每题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余项。

Choosingtherightjobisprobablyoneofthemostimportantdecisionswehavetom akeinlife,anditisfrequentlyoneofthehardestdecisionswehavetomake.Oneimp ortantquestio nthatyoumightaskyourselfis:“HowdoIgetagoodjob”___71___.
Therearepeoplewhocanansweraninsignificantadvertisementinthelocalp aperandlandthebestjobintheworld;otherswritetoallsortsofplacesallovertheco untry,andneverseemtogetareplyatall.Stillothersbelievethattheinperson,door-to-doorapproachisbyfarthebestwaytogetajob;andthentherearethosewho,thro ughnoactivedecisionoftheirown,justseemtobeintherightplaceattherighttime. ___72____.Heusedtospendalotofhisfreetimedownbytheseawatchingthetalls hips,butneverthinkingthathemightonedaysailoneofthem.Hisfatherwasafarm er,andbeingasailorcouldneverbeanythingfortheboybutanidledream.Oneday, onhisusualwandering,heheardthecaptainoftheshipcomplainingthathecouldn otsailbecauseonememberofhiscrewwassick.Withoutstoppingtothink,thelad(少年)offeredtotakehisplace.___73___.
__74__.Iftheladhadgonehometoponder（考虑）hisdecisionforaweek,hemayhavemissedhischance.Itisonethingtobeofferedan opportunity;itisanotherthingtotakeitanduseitwell.
Sometimeswehearstoriesaboutpeoplewhobreakalltherulesandstillseemt olandplumjobs（美
差）.Whenyougoforajobintervieworfilloutanapplication,youareexpectedtos aynicethingsaboutthecompanytowhichyouareapplying.___75___.Andwithi nayearthispersonhadbecomegeneralmangerofthecompany.
A．Thisstoryalsoillustratestheimportanceofseizinganopportunitywhenit presentsitself.
B．Peoplefindjobsinaninfinitenumberofways.
C．it’salmostimpossibletofindagoodjobbyansweringadvertisementinne wspapers
D．Takeforexampletheyoungmanwhowantedtobeasailor.
E．Buttherewasonepersonwholandedanexcellentjobbytellingtheintervie werall thecompany’sfaults.
F．Hespenttherestofhislifehappilysailingtheshipshehadalwaysloved.
G．Itisveryimportanttoseizeanopportunitywhenitpresentsitself.
71—75BDFAE 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

_71_Oneofthebestthingsyoucanposs iblydoistostartyouownclub.It’sgreatfun especiallyifyouarethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtododuringt heschoolholidays. Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub._72_Pets,clothes,p opmusicordancinggroups,sports,makingthingsThelistisendless. Nextyouneedsomefriendstobeinyourclubwithyou._73_Allyouneedisthreeorf ourotherpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamethingasyou.
_74Youshouldallsitdownsomewheretogetherwithlotsofpiecesofpaperandwri tedowneverynameyoucanthinkup.That’llkeepyoubusyforages. Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.Andthefirstruleshouldbeno grown-upsorlittle/bigbrothersorsisters!Thebestclubsarealwayssecret!
Nowyouhavejustabouteverythingyouneed,exceptmembershipcards.Thesear everyimportantandagainyoucanspeedalotoftimemakingthem.75Whynotleav esomespaceforaphotoofyourselfThatwillmakethemembershipcardreallylook likeit.
Sothereyouare,getclubbing!Onceyougetstartedyou’llthinkofloadsofmoreinte restingthingstodo!
A．That’seasy.
B．Enjoyyourownclub!
C．Inviteadesignertojoinyou.
D．Whatareyouinterestin E．Somevacationisjustaroundthecorner. F．Thenyouneedtopickanameforyourclub. G．Useabrightthickpentomakeaspecialdesign.
71．E72．D??73．A74．F75．G
1
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Beforegoingoutsideinthemorning,manyofuscheckawindowthermomete r(温度
计)forthetemperature.Thishelpsusdecidewhattowear._______71______.We wantourfoodtobeacertaincoldnessintherefrigerator.Wewantitacertainhotness
intheoven.Ifwedon’tfeelwell,weuseathermometertoseeifwehaveafever.Wek eepourroomsacertainwarmthinthewinterandacertaincoolnessinthesummer.
Notallthethermometersusethesamesystemtomeasuretemperature.Weus easystemcalledtheFahrenheitscale.ButmostothercountriesusetheCentigrades cale.
Bothsystemsusethefreezingandboilingpointsofwaterastheirguide._____ 72_______.
Themostcommonkindofthermometerismadewithmercury(水
银)insideaclearglasstube.Asmercury(oranyotherliquid)becomeshot,itexpand s.Asitgetscolder,itcontracts(收
缩).Thatiswhyonhotdaysthemercurylineishighintheglasstube.______73___ ___.
First.Takeaclearglassjuicebottlethathasacap;fillthebottlewithcolouredw ater.Tapaholeinthecenterofthecapusingahammerandthicknail.Putthecaponth ejar.Thenstickaplasticstraw(吸管)throughthenailhole.
_______74____________.
Finally.Placeawhitecardontheoutsideofthebottleandbehindthestraw.No wyoucanseethewaterlevereasily.
_______75___________.
Asthetemperaturegoesdown,thewaterwillcontract,andtheleverinthestra wwillcomedown.Perhapsyouwillwanttokeeparecordofthewaterleverinthestr aweachmorningforaweek.
A.Weuseanddependonthermometerstomeasurethetemperatureofmanyot herthings
inourdailylives.
B.Thermometersmeasuretemperature,byusingmaterialsthatchangeinthes ameway
whentheyareheatedorcooled.
C.Nowthatyouknowthisruleyoucanmakeathermometerofyourownthatwi llwork.
D.Thewaterwillriseinthestraw.Asthetemperatureoftheairgoesup,thewate rwillexpandandriseevenhigher.
E.Theylabeltheseindifferentways.OntheFahrenheitscalewaterfreezesat3 2degreesandboilsat212degrees.OntheCelsiusscalewaterfreezesat0degreesan dboilsat100degrees.
F.Takewax(youmayuseanoldcandleifyouhaveone)andmeltsomeofitright wherethe
strawisstruckintothecaptoseal(把..粘住)themtogether.
G.Peopleusethermometerswhicharemadebythemselveswhentravellingar oundtheworld.
2
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Choosingtherightjobisprobablyoneofthemostimportantdecisionswehav etomakeinlife,anditisfrequentlyoneofthehardestdecisionswehavetomake.On eimportantquestionthatyoumightaskyourselfis:“HowdoIgetagoodjob”___71 ___.
Therearepeoplewhocanansweraninsignificantadvertisementinthelocalp aperandlandthebestjobintheworld;otherswritetoallsortsofplacesallovertheco untry,andneverseemtogetareplyatall.Stillothersbelievethattheinperson,door-to-doorapproachisbyfarthebestwaytogetajob;andthentherearethosewho,thro ughnoactivedecisionoftheirown,justseemtobeintherightplaceattherighttime. ___72____.Heusedtospendalotofhisfreetimedownbytheseawatchingthetalls hips,butneverthinkingthathemightonedaysailoneofthem.Hisfatherwasafarm er,andbeingasailorcouldneverbeanythingfortheboybutanidledream.Oneday,
onhisusualwandering,heheardthecaptainoftheshipcomplainingthathecouldn otsailbecauseonememberofhiscrewwassick.Withoutstoppingtothink,thelad （少年）offeredtotakehisplace.___73___.
__74__.Iftheladhadgonehometoponder（考虑）hisdecisionforaweek,hemayhavemissedhischance.Itisonethingtobeofferedan opportunity;itisanotherthingtotakeitanduseitwell.
Sometimeswehearstoriesaboutpeoplewhobreakalltherulesandstillseemt olandplumjobs（美
差）.Whenyougoforajobintervieworfilloutanapplication,youareexpectedtos aynicethingsaboutthecompanytowhichyouareapplying.___75___.Andwithi nayearthispersonhadbecomegeneralmangerofthecompany.
A.Thisstoryalsoillustratestheimportanceofseizinganopportunitywhenit presentsitself.
B.Peoplefindjobsinaninfinitenumberofways.
C.it’salmostimpossibletofindagoodjobbyansweringadvertisementinnew spapers
D.Takeforexampletheyoungmanwhowantedtobeasailor.
E.Buttherewasonepersonwholandedanexcellentjobbytellingtheinterview
erallthecompany’sfaults.
F.Hespenttherestofhislifehappilysailingtheshipshehadalwaysloved.
G.Itisveryimportanttoseizeanopportunitywhenitpresentsitself.
3
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

WhatisyourfavouritecolourDoyoulikeyellow,orange,red___71___.Doyoupr efergreysandbluesThenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldratherfollowt
hanlead.Youtendtobepessimist.Atleast,thisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andthe yshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolourpr eference,aswellastheeffectthatcolourshaveonhumanbeings.___72___.Ifyouh appentolovebrown,youdidso,assoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonas youcouldseeclearly.
___73___.Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxed thanadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterd ay.___74___.AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesc eneofmoresuicides(自
杀)thananyotherbridgeinthearea---untilitwasrepaintedgreen.Thenumberofsu icideattemptsimmediatelyfellsharply.Perhapsitwouldhavefallenevenmoreift hebridgehadbeendoneinpinkorbabyblue.
___75___.Itisanestablishedfactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harder,andhav efeweraccidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackorgrey.
A.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.
B.Theytellus,amongotherfacts,thatwedonotchooseourfavouritecolourasgro
wup---wearebornwithourpreference.
C.Theroomsarepaintedindifferentcoloursasyoulike.
D.Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist,aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peop
leandexcitement.
E.Lightandbrightcoloursmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.
F.Lifeislikeapictureorapoem,fullofdifferentcolours.
G.Coloursdoinfluenceourmoods---thereisnodoubtaboutit
1.答案与解析:
71.A。

从前面上下文意义可知温度计在我们日常生活中的功能，便可知道选择A正确。

72.E。

从上文可知“温度计分华氏标准和摄氏标准两种方式计量温度，”
选项E进一步介绍了这两种温度计量方式的具体标准。

故正确
答案是E。

73.C。

本段前一部分介绍了温度计的构造原理，下文根据此原理制造
一个能够计量温度工作的温度计。

所以选项C符合文意。

74.F。

根据上下文的逻辑意义，选项F是正确答案。

75.D。

从下文可知应选与之对应的选项D。

2.答案与解析:
71.B。

根据上下文，选项B符合逻辑意义。

72.D。

从此空的前后文可以很容易地看出，空后是对空前观点的例解。

故选D。

73.F。

根据故事叙述，选项F是对所举事例的总结语。

74.A。

此空后面是对所举故事的进一步分析，选项A是此段的论点。

75.E。

从此短的论点
“Sometimeswehearstoriesaboutpeoplewhobreakalltherulesandstillse
emtolandplumjobs”便能看出，只有选与此空前面的观点相反的
选项E，才能和后面的结果相符合。

3.答案与解析:
71.D。

根据下文问答形式可以看出，选项D为正确答案。

72.B。

根据上文意义，选项填到此空处可以与上文形成排比句式。

73.G。

从空后的
“Ayellowroommak esmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedth
anadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestw
interday.”这句话中可以找出正确答案为选项G。

74.A。

从与上文的关系空后的
“AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneo
fmoresuicides(自
杀)thananyotherbridgeinthearea---u ntilitwasrepaintedgreen.”这句话
中可以找到正确答案选项G。

75.E。

从下文意义可以很容易地推断出E为最佳选项。

To:黄策2009年月日VIP学员补课专用
高考英语
铁西区Peter精品高分英语家教：
（育才、实验、二中专用）
主编人：吴军
2009高考英语辽宁卷“7选5补缺题”阅读填空题题样：
阅读理解第二节(共5小题:每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterst udentinseveralways.71Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhe nyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeand helpsyoutoholdyourinterest.
Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingate xtbookordoingresearchforareport.72wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepi nmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.73
Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.
·Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.
·Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupp ortingfacts.
·Writeyournotesinyourownwords.
·74
·Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.
Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速
记).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethema llthetime.75
ewords,notcompletesentences.
B.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.
C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.
D.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.
E.Youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.
F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludei
nyournotes.
G.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyout
ounderstandandrememberit.
这篇文章整体分为四个段落层次，每个段落均由几个语段构成相对独立地语义单位，各段都围绕“Takinggoodnotes”这样一个中心话题，形成了文章的线性结构；第一段讲述的是做笔记是好学生在多方面的一项省时技巧，第二段讲述的是不管何时、用何种方法做笔记，都要有选择性的做记录，第三段讲述的是做笔记的最佳方法，第四段讲述
的是要记住自己的速记符号，这就形成了文章的层次结构，这对下一步的做题有了明确的整体方向。

●通读整篇文章，把握整段语脉，理出文章的中心。

●根据标点符号确定有几个句子。

●除中心词、关键词外，将所有句子按意义分出层次，如果是承接、平列、层进关系，则可分为两个或两个以上的层次，如果是解释、转折一般就可以一分为二。

●再分析各层次之间的关系。

●最后检查核对层次划分有无错误。

如一篇文章或语段有几个句子单位，几个层次，特别是长难句构成的语段层次是否明确。

阅读填空题详解分析：
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。

构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，我们在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只要层层入手，才能真正理解文章。

阅读填空题的解题策略：
1.理清句际间意义的关系
文章的内容是根据各层各段的大意有机地组合而成，各个层次，各个段落之间不管怎样错落有致，但它所表达的内容都是要围绕中心的，各句之间都有一定的语脉，从逻辑意义上来看，语段的句际关系可分为平列、顺序、层递、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系。

构成语段的各个句子之间有时可以包含一种以上的句际关系。

如上述2009年高考英语（辽宁卷）阅读理解新题型题样中，第一段的第一句
“Taking goodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabatterstude ntinseveralways”与下面几句是解释关系，解释关系是指后面的句子对前面的句子作解释、引申、例证，使意思更加明了、具体。

后三句之间是平列关系，平列关系指句与句之间处于平等并列的地位，互不相属，而只是组合在一起共同说明一个问题。

平列关系组合的语段，在次序上并不固定，如果局部改变句子的相互位置并不改变整个语段的意思。

第二段的第一句与第二句是层递关系，层递关系是一种固定的顺序关系，但又不同与顺序关系，顺序关系指构成语段的各句子只能按事物发展的过程由先而后地顺序排列，不可随意改变次序，通常在记叙文或描述固定的操作程序的说明文中用得普遍，而层递关系组合的语段是按语意的轻重、认识的深浅作由轻到重、由浅入深的排列。

第三句与第四句是解释关系，第一、二句组合为一个语段，第三、四句组合为另外一个语段，语段与语段之间是总分关系，总分关系是指前
面的句子陈述两个过两个以上的对象，后面的句子紧接着分别对它们加以说明。

用这种方式组合的语段能够前呼后应，彼此配合，使语脉清楚，条分缕析，如“Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes”一句与前两句前呼后应，彼此配合，为前句选
“E.youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.”埋伏了一笔，逻辑性很强。

第三段的第一句与下面几句是解释关系，而后列举的方法是平列关系。

第四段的最后两句是转折关系，转折关系指句与句之间存在意义的转折，通常表达对比或对照的意思。

2.找出句子之间的连接性的词语
文章的语句间的组合，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握，因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系是：
承接关系（如
so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等）；
平列关系（如
first,second,third…;firstly,secondly,thirdly…;first,next,then…;inthefirstpla ce,inthesecondplace…;foronething,foranotherthing…;tobeginwith,toconclu de等）；
转折关系（如
however,nevertheless,nonetheless,still,though,yet,inspiteof,atanyrate,inany
case,whoever,whateveronthecontrary,incontrast,bycontrast,incomparison,b ycomparison,conversely,otherwise等）；
层递关系（如
also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,wha t’smore ,too,either,neither,not…but…,notonly…butalso等）。

比如2009年高考英语（辽宁卷）阅读理解新题型题样中的选项71，由Second、Third得知应选表示平列关系的句子G.项；
如72选项与前句组合为层递关系,故应选包含also的E.项句子,或者是解释关系；
如73选项应选F.选项,与74选项平等的，是一组祈示句,而非陈述句,故应选A.项而非B项。

总之，对一个语段或语篇的分析，可以按以上所述步骤进行；
如选项75与前句构成了转折关系,故应选D.项答案。

阅读填空题实战讲解一：
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

_71_Oneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyouownclub.It’sgre atfunespeciallyifyouarethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtodod uringtheschoolholidays. Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub._72_Pets,clothes,p opmusicordancinggroups,sports,makingthingsThelistisendless.
Nextyouneedsomefriendstobeinyourclubwithyou._73_Allyouneedisthreeorf ourotherpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamethingasyou.
_74Youshouldallsitdownsomewheretogetherwithlotsofpiecesofpaperandwri tedowneverynameyoucanthinkup.That’llkeepyoubusyforages. Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.Andthefirstruleshouldbeno grown-upsorlittle/bigbrothersorsisters!Thebestclubsarealwayssecret! Nowyouhavejustabouteverythingyouneed,exceptmembershipcards.Thesear everyimportantandagainyoucanspeedalotoftimemakingthem.75Whynotleav esomespaceforaphotoofyourselfThatwillmakethemembershipcardreallylook likeit.
Sothereyouare,getclubbing!Onceyougetstartedyou’llthinkofloadsofmoreint e restingthingstodo!
A.That’seasy.
B.Enjoyyourownclub!
C.Inviteadesignertojoinyou.
D.Whatareyouinterestin
E.Somevacationisjustaroundthecorner.
F.Thenyouneedtopickanameforyourclub.
eabrightthickpentomakeaspecialdesign.
阅读填空题实战讲解二：
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

16Peopleusemoneytobuyfood,furniture,books,bicyclesandhundredsofo therthingstheyneedorwant.Whentheywork,theyusuallygetpaidinmoney. Mostofthemoneytodayismadeofmetalorpaper.17Oneofthefirstkindsofmoney wasshells.
Shellswerenottheonlythingsusedasmoney.InChina,clothandkniveswere used.InthePhilippineIslands,ricewasusedasmoneyforalongtime.Elephanttus ks,monkeytailsandsaltwereusedasmoneyinpartsofAfrica. ThefirstmetalcoinsweremadeinChina.Theywereroundandhadasquareholeint hecentre.18
Differentcountrieshaveuseddifferentmetalsanddesignsfortheirmoney.1 9SwedenandRussiausedcopper(铜)tersomecountriesb egantomakecoinsofgoldandsilver.
Butevengoldandsilverwereinconvenientifyouhadtobuysomethingexpen sive.AgaintheChinesethoughtofawaytoimprovemoney.20Thefirstpapermon eylookedmorelikeanotefromonepersontoanotherthanthepapermoneyusedtod ay. Moneyhashadaninterestinghistoryfromthedaysofshellmoneyuntiltoday.
A.ThefirstcoinsinEnglandweremadeoftin(锡).
B.Butpeopleusedtouseallkindsofthingsasmoney.
C.Nooneknowsforcertainwhenpeoplebegantousemoney.
D.Peoplestrung(串连)themtogetherandcarriedthemfromplacetoplace.
E.Money,asweknow,isallmadeofpaper.
F.Theybegantousepapermoney.
G.Todayanyonewillacceptmoneyinexchangeforgoodsandservices.
阅读填空题实战讲解三：
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

16Whenapersondoesacertainthingagain,heisimpelled(迫
使)bysomeunseenforcetodothesamethingrepeatedly;thusahabitisformed.On ceahabitisformed,itisdifficult,andsometimesimpossible,togetridof.17Childre noftenformbadhabits,someofwhichremainwiththemaslongastheylive.Olderp ersonsalsoformbadhabitsaslongastheylive.Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabits,a ndsometimesbecomeruinedbythem.
18Manysuccessfulmensaythatmuchoftheirsuccesshassomethingtodowi thcertainhabitsinearlylife,suchasearlyrising,honestyandthoroughness.
Amongthehabitswhichchildrenshouldnotformarelaziness,lying,stealing andsoon.19Unfortunatelyolderpersonsoftenformhabitswhichoughttohavebe enavoided.
20
A.Thereareotherhabitswhich,whenformedinearlylife,areofgreathelp.。