课堂用语及日常生活用语(南关香)

农安县初中英语教师口语技能提高项目实验研究
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第二部分课堂用语及日常生活用语
一、课堂用语
（一）课前用语
1．How many minutes are there to go? 还几分钟上课？
2．There are still five minutes to go. 还有5分钟上课。

3．Is it time for class? 到上课时间了吗?
4．Class will begin soon. 很快就要上课了。

5．It’s about to have a class. 很快就要上课了。

6．Has the bell rung? 打铃了吗？
7．Has the bell gone off yet? 已经打铃了吗？
8．Did the bell ring? 打铃了吗？
9．There goes the bell. 铃响了。

There is the bell.
The bell is ringing。

10．The teacher is here. Be quiet. 老师来了，大家安静。

Here comes the teacher. Be quiet.
11．Let’s get ready for class. 准备上课。

12．Get out your books, please. 请拿出书来。

13．Take out your notebooks and put them on desks.
拿出笔记本，把它们放到课桌上。

14．Get your notebooks, pencil-boxes and quiz-books ready before the lesson begins. 上课之前，请把笔记本.铅笔盒和检测本准备好。

15．Please get everything ready for class. 准备上课。

Be ready for class.
16．Ready? 准备好了吗？
Are you ready?
17．Let’s sing an English song before our class.
上课之前，让我们唱首英文歌吧。

18．Let’s play a game before we begin our new lesson.
新课前我们做个游戏吧。

（二）上课：（Beginning a class）
1．Now class begins. 上课。

Class begins.
It’s time for class.
Let’s start now.
Let’s begin / start / have our class / lesson.
2．Stand up, please. 起立！
（三）问候（Greeting）
1．Hello / Hi, boys and girls / everyone / students / class.
同学们好！
2．Good morning /afternoon, class / everyone / everybody /children / boys and girls. 上午/下午好！
3．How are you today? 你（们）好！
4．Nice to meet/see you(again). 见到你们很高兴！
It’s nice to see you.
5．Are you all well this morning? 你们好吗？
How are things with you?
6. Happy Children’s Day! 儿童节快乐！
7. Happy New Year! 新年快乐！
8．Sit down, please. 请坐！
Please be seated.
（四）考勤（Checking attendance）
1．Who’s on duty today? 今天谁值日？
2．Who’s helping this morning / today? 今天谁值日？
3．I’m on duty. / I am. 我（值日）。

4．Are you all here? 大家来齐了吗？
Is everyone / everybody here /present?
5．Everybody is here. 我们都来齐了。

We are all here.
All are present.
We are all here except Mary. 除了玛丽都来了。

No, Mary is absent. 不，玛丽缺席了。

6．Is anyone / anybody away / absent? 谁缺席了？
Who’s absent / away?
7．Where is he /she? 他/她在哪？
What’s the matter / trouble with her / him? 她/他怎么了？
What’s wrong with her / him?
What happened to him?
Why is she / he absent / away? 她/他为什么缺席？
8．He / She is ill. 他/她病了。

He / She’s got a cold. 他/她感冒了。

He / She’s got a fever. 他/她发烧了。

He / She’s on leave. 他/她请假了。

He / She’s on sick/personal leave. 他/她请病假/事假了。

He / She’s asked for absent leave. 他/她请假了。

He / She sent word to ask for leave. 他/她带口信请假了。

She has got something important to do. 她有重要的事。

9．Try to be on time. 下次别迟到。

Don’t be late next time.
Don’t be late any more.
Come earlier next time.
10．Go back to your seat, please. 请回到座位上。

Go to your seat.
11．What day is it today? 今天星期几？
It’s Friday. 今天星期五。

How do you spell the word “F-R-I-D-A-Y”?“Friday”怎么拼写?
What’s the date today? 今天几号？
12．What’s the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样？
How’s the weather today?
What’s it like outside?
13．It’s fine. (cloudy / rainy / windy…)
今天天气很好（多云/ 有雨/ 有风）
（五）宣布（Announcing）
1．Let’s start / begin working / a new lesson. 我们开始上课吧。

Let’s begin / start our lesson.
Now we will have today’s lesson.
Now let’s go on (with our lesson).
2．Please get everything ready for class. 请准备上课。

3．First, let’s review something that we learned yesterday. Let’s review the lesson.
首先，我们预习一下昨天学过的内容。

Who can tell /remember me what we learned in the last lesson / yesterday?
谁能说一下我们上节课/ 昨天所学的内容？Let’s have a dictation f irst, watch your spelling and handwriting.
我们先听写，注意拼写和书写。

Take out a piece / sheet of paper and get ready for dictation.
拿出一张纸准备听写。

4．So much for dictation. 就听写到这。

That’s all for dictation.
5．You have two minutes to check what you’ve written.
给你2分钟检查一下你所写的内容。

Go over carefully what you’ve written.
认真复习一下你写的内容。

6．Take out your notebooks/your books. 拿出笔记本/书。

Open your books and turn to page 21. 把书打到21页。

Put your books on your desks, please. 请把书放到课桌上。

7．Now we’re going to do something new / different.我们将做些不同的事。

Now let’s learn something ne w. 现在让我们做些不同的事。

Today we’ll learn some new words and drill some new sentence patterns.
We have some new words / sentences patterns.
今天我们学习一些新的单词/ 句型。

8．Read after me, please. 请跟我读。

Follow me, please.
Do what I do.
Once more please. 再读一遍。

One more time, please.
Repeat, please.
9．Who can read them? 谁能读？
Let me try.我试试。

（六）提起注意（Directing attention)
1．Ready? /Are you ready? 准备好了吗？
2．Yes / Yeah.(We are ready.) 准备好了。

3．Did you get there? 你们明白吗？
Do you understand?
Are you clear?
Is that clear?
Can you follow me?
Do you understand what I’ve just said?
Is there anything not clear? 有什么不清楚的吗？
Who has any questions? 有问题吗？
Are there any questions?
Do you have any questions?
Any more questions? 还有问题吗？
4．Do you know what to do? 你们知道做什么吗？
Any volunteers? 谁愿意做？
Who volunteers?
Who would like to do it?
5．Be quiet / Quiet, please. 请安静！
Stop laughing. 不要笑了。

Silence, please. 安静！
Stop talking. 不要说话了。

Don’t talk any more.
No（more）talking.
6．Listen carefully. 认真听。

Listen to me carefully.
7．Look carefully. 注意看。

Watch carefully.
Are you watching?
Listen to the tape recorder / recording. 听磁带。

8．Please look at the blackboard /picture /map….
请看黑板/图片/地图…9．Pay attention to your spelling / pronunciation / writing.
注意你的拼写/发音/书写。

10．Put up your hand(s) / Hands up, please. 请举手。

Raise your hands before asking a question. 问问题前请举手。

11．Go back, please. 请回吧。

12．Is that right? 对吗
13．That’s all right. 那好吧。

14．Hand in your papers, please. 请交卷。

15．Now please be seated well and listen to me. 现在请做好听我说。

16．I’ll ask you some questions.
我要问你们一些问题。

18．First I read it for you. 首先我给你们读。

Please read it by yourselves. 请自己读。

19．I beg your pardon? 请再说一遍。

20．Louder, please. 请大点声。

21. Attention, please. 请注意。

（七）课堂活动（Classroom activities）
1．Start / Start now. 现在开始。

2．Everybody together 一起来。

All together.
3．Practice in a group / groups. 以小组形式（练习）
In groups, please.
4．Everybody finds a partner / friend.
每个人找一个搭档/ 朋友。

5．In pairs / twos, please. 两人一组。

6．Who would like to speak first? 谁愿意先说。

Who will be the first to speak?
7．One at a time. 一个接一个去做。

Let’s do it one by one.
One by one, please.
One after the other, please.
8．Now you, please. / Your turn（student’s name）.
现在你来。

Next, please. 下一位。

It’s your turn. 到你了
Whose turn is it? 轮到谁了？
9．Stand in line /Line up. 站成一排。

10．Let’s act.
Let’s act out / do the conversation.我们来表演（这个对话）。

11．Practice the conversation, please. 练习这个对话。

Now Mary will be A, and the other will be B.
现在Mary是A,另一个是B Please take (play) the part of ……请表演你那部分…
13．Don’t speak out. 不要说出来。

14．Turn around. 转过去。

15．Now we have finished the lesson. 现在我们已经学完这课了。

16．There are five minutes to go. 还有5分钟。

17．Let’s have an Engl ish game. 我们做个英语游戏吧。

18．Let’s divide into four groups now.我们分成四组。

19．Let me tell you some rules of the game.
我来告诉你们游戏规则。

20．The second group is the best one. 第二组是最好的。

21．Let me think for a moment. 让我想一下。

22．Now I think that is enough for this class.
这节课就讲这么多。

23．Now let me explain how we are going to have it.
现在我来解释一下我们怎么做。

24．I put five questions in paper. 我在纸上写5个问题。

25．Please write neatly and clearly.
请写的干净整洁。

26．During the exams no one is allowed to whisper to each other and make cheating.
考试期间不要交头接耳或作弊。

27．Is there anything else you don’t understand?
还有不明白的吗？
28．If not, let’s go on.如果没有，咱们继续。

29．Think over the question before you answer it.
你回答问题前想一想。

30．Don’t forget to write down your name and number.
别忘了写上名字和号码。

31．Mary, please collect your group’s papers.
玛丽，请把你们组的卷说上来。

32．Please tell me what you said more slowly.请再慢点说一遍。

33．Now let’s talk about the picture.
现在我们谈论一下这幅图。

34．Let’s practice the conversation.我们来练习对话。

35．What’s the title of the reading?
这个阅读的题目是什么? 36．Who can translate it into Chinese? 谁能翻译成汉语？
37．Both of you read the conversation, please. 你们俩读对话。

38．How to read this word? 怎么读这个单词？
39．What’s the Chinese meaning of this word?
这个单词的汉译是什么？40．Look up the word in the dictionary after class.
课后在字典中查这个单词。

41．I don’t understand these sentences.
我不明白这些句子。

42．Would you mind repeating them? 你介意重复一遍吗？
43．All right, I’ll explain once again.好的，我再解释一遍。

44．I’m clear now, let me try to make one.
现在我明白了，让我试着再造一个吧。

45．Is it right? 对吗？
Right or wrong? 对不对？
46．Who can tell me the main meaning of the paragraph?
谁能说一下这个片段的主要意思？47．Can you use one sentence or two summarize this paragraph?
你能用一两句总结这个片段？48．What’s the main idea of the reading?
这个阅读的主要观点是什么? 49．Who can do it first? 谁能先做？
50．You didn’t tell me the main idea but recited the text.
你没告诉我主要观点而是复述了课文。

51．Tell the main idea in your own words.
用你自己的话说说主要的观点。

52．Now let me say the main idea, after that you will retell what I say.
现在我说主要观点，然后你复述。

53．How do you spell this word? 你怎么拼写这个单词？
54．Yes or no? 是不是？
55．The usage of the word is as follows: 这个单词的用法如下：
56．Follow the example and make a new one by yourselves.
仿造例句独自造一个新句子。

57．What’s wrong with the structure of the sentence?
这个句子结构有什么问题？58．Have you noticed your own mistake in grammar?
你注意到自己的语法错了吗？59．Who knows the difference between “A” and “B”?
谁知道A和B之间的不同？
60．Not in Chinese but in English.
不用汉语而用英语。

61．I don’t understand the meaning of the last sentence in the reading.
我不明白阅读中最后一个句子的意思。

62．I think you know the meaning of it now.
我想你现在知道它的意思了吧。

63．Oh, I see it means that…
哦，我知道它的意思是……
64．What do you think of this answer?
你认为这个答案怎样？
65．Do you think he is right?
你觉得他对吗？
66．Let’s explain the reading.
让我们来解释一下这篇阅读吧。

67．The meaning of the first sentence in Chines e is…
第一句的汉译是……
68．Try to make sentences with them.
尽量用他们做句子。

69．Mary, would you make one?
玛丽，你可以做一个句子吗？
70．I’m sorry I haven’t made myself cl ear.
很抱歉，我有点不明白。

71．I don’t understand these sentences.
我不理解这些句子。

72．If you are all clear, let’s go on with the reading.
如果你们都明白了，让我们一起继续看阅读。

73．I’d like to ask you a question.
我想问你一个问题。

74．You have a few minutes t o organize your thought.
你可以利用几分钟整理一下你的思路。

75．First we’ll study the text. And then I’ll ask you some questions. If time permits, we’ll have a short dictation.
我们先学课文，然后我提问，如果还有时间我们就进行一小段听写。

76．Today we’ll have a general revision (review) of what we have learned so far.
今天我们要全面复习所学过的东西。

77．Today let’s sum up the midterm exam. After that we’ll take up the new lesson.
今天我们来总结一下期中考试的情况，总结后上新课。

78．Today we’ll have listening practice. After that we’ll sum up the usages of the definite article.
今天我们先做听力练习，然后总结定冠词的用法。

79．First let’s have a student to give a brief summing up of what we’ve learnt in this lesson. The n we’ll do some oral and written exercises.
先请一位同学对本课学的内容进行简单总结，然后作口头练习和书面练习。

80．Now we’ll have a spelling check. Can you spell all the new words in this lesson?
现在我们检查拼写。

本课的生词你们都会拼写了吗？
81．Mary and Tom, you two come to the blackboard, you others write the words in your exercise books. I’ll read each word twice. Give the spelling, meaning and part of speech of each word.
玛丽和汤姆，你们俩到黑板跟前来，其他同学请在本子上写。

每个词念两遍，要求你们写出拼法、词义、词类。

82．Now look at the blackboard and see if they have made any mistakes.
大家看黑板，看看他们有没有写错。

83．What about the word “ picture”? Mary dropped (left out) the final “e” from it.
“picture” 这个词拼得怎么样？玛丽把“picture” 的最后一个字母“e” 漏掉了。

84．Did Tom spell the word “field” correctly?
Did Tom get the word “field” right?
“field” 这个词汤姆写对了没有？
85．No, he put the le tter “e” before the letter “i”. That’s wrong.
没有写对。

他把“e”写在“i”的前面了。

这不对。

86．What about the word “beginning”?
beginning这个词拼得怎样？
87．We should double the final “n” before adding the suffix “i-n-g”, but Tom didn’t.
最后一个字母“n”应该双写，然后再加后缀“ing”, 但汤姆没有这样做。

88．Now you are going to read the text in turn. Watch your pronunciation and intonation. Mary, suppose you start first.
现在大家轮流读课文。

请注意语音语调，汤姆，你先读吧。

89．That’ll do. / Just stop here. / That’s enough. / That’s all right.
行了，就念到这儿吧。

90．Finish reading the paragraph. 停止读这一段。

Read through to the end. 把它读完。

Try and read more clearly. 试着读的更清楚一些。

Don’t hurry. Read carefully.
Take your time and read carefully. 别着急，仔细的读读。

91．Will you make a sentence after the model?
请按照范例造个句子，好吗？
92．What do you see in this picture?
Look at the picture and the key words on the blackboard. Please say a few sentences about the picture.
请看黑板上的图画和单词。

要求你们就图说一段话。

93．You should use complete sentences in answering questions.
应该用完整的句子回答。

94．Now we’ll have oral training. I’ll play you the recording. Listen carefully, and then try to say what you’ve heard.
现在我们做听力练习。

我给你们放录音，请仔细听，然后复述。

（八）请求（Request）
1．Could you please try it again? 你再重复一下好吗
2．What’s the meaning of the word?这个词是什么意思？
3．Can you say it in Chinese? 你能用汉语说一下？
4．Can you explain it in English? 你能用英语解释吗？
5．Will you explain the word to me again? 你能再解释一遍吗？
Will you explain it once more, please?
6．Can you think of a word or expression that has the same meaning?
你能想出有相同意思的单词或短语吗？
Could you please say it more slowly? 你能慢点说吗？
Can you say it again? 你能再说一遍吗？
7．Could you please try the next one? 你能试一试下一个吗？
8．Will you please help me? 你能帮我吗？
9．Will you please give me another example?你能再给我举个例子吗？
Can you give me some examples? 你能再举些例子吗？
10．Do you understand the example I gave you?
你（们）明白我举的例子吗？
11．Can / May / I ask you some questions? 我能问你一些问题吗？
（九）鼓励（Encouraging）
1．Can you try? 你能试一试吗？
2．Who wants to try? 谁想试一试？
3．I’ll have a try. 我试一试。

I have a try.
Try please. 试试吧。

Just have a try.
Try / Do your best, please. 尽你最大努力。

Don’t be afraid of making mistakes.别怕出错。

4．I’m sorry I’m not very clear but let me try.
对不起，我不是很明白，让我试试。

5．Think hard / Think again. 认真想想。

Think carefully before you answer. 回答前认真想想。

Think it over and try again. 认真想想再试试。

6．I think you can answer this question. 我想你能回答这个问题。

7．Don’t be afraid / shy / nervous. 别紧张。

（十）指令（Insuring a command）
1．Come here, please. 过来。

2．Please come to the front to write them on the blackboard.
请到前面来把他们写到黑板上。

3．Come here and write it on the blackboard. 来这把答案写到黑板上。

4．Please come to the front / come up and write on the blackboard .
请到前面来写到黑板上。

5．Bring me some chalk, please. 请帮我拿些粉笔。

6．In English, please. 用英语说。

Say / Write it in Chinese / in English. 用汉语/英语说。

7．Put your hand（s）up, please. 请举手。

Raise your hand（s）, please.
Hands up, please.
Put your hands down, please.
Hands down, please. 请把手放下。

Pens down, please. 请把笔放下。

8．Please take out your books. 请把书拿出来。

Please open your books at page…/ and find page/ turn to page….
请把书打到…页。

9．Please answer the question /questions. 请回答这个问题。

10．Please read this letter / word / sentence out loud.
请大声读出这封信/这个词/这个句子。

11．Clean up your desk / the classroom, please.
请清理你（们）的课桌/教室。

Tidy up your desk /the classroom.
12．Put your things away/clean off your desk.
把东西从你的课桌上拿走。

Clean the blackboard. 擦擦黑板。

13．Put the tape recorder away. 把磁带放进录音机。

Put the tape in its box /cassette.
14．Listen and repeat. 听并跟读。

Look and listen. 看，听。

Follow the words. 读单词。

15．Fast / Quickly / Be quick, please 快点。

Louder, please. 大点声。

Once again，but louder please. 再说一遍，但是请大点声。

Hurry! / Hurry up, please. 快点！
（十一）禁止和警告（prohibition and warning）
1．Stop talking.
Stop talking now, please.
Silence, please. 请保持安静。

No more talking. 不要再说话了。

Don’t talk any more.
Don’t talk.
Everybody quiet, please.
Settle down.
2．Don’t be silly.
（十二）评价（assignment）
1．Good, thank you!
Good! / Very good / Good job / Good work / Good example.
That’s good, thank you.
A good answer / nice work.
Excellent / Great! / Well done./ Very good / I like the way you …!
Quite right. That’s quite right.
Good! You know your lesson well.
You didn’t do it well, did you?
You did very well in the first part, but you left out two sentences in the latter part.
2．He did quite well this time. 这次他做的很好。

3．He made a few slips. 他有点下降了。

4．He’s not careful enough with his grammar.语法方面他不够仔细。

5．Your answer is not quite to the point. 你的答案不正确。

Your answer is off the point.
That’s not quite right, another answer?
That’s close.接近正确答案。

That’s almost right.
Not quite, can anyone help him / her? / try it again?
不很正确，有人帮他/ 她吗？/ 再试一次？6．That’s interesting. 很有趣。

That’s all right.
7．I don’t think so.
I think so.
8．A good try. 好好试一试。

9．Don’t worry about it. 不要担心。

No problem.
OK / T hat’s OK.
（十三）布置作业（Setting homework）
1．For today’s homework….今天的作业……
2．Please write down the homework for today….请记下今天的作业……
3．The oral / written work for today is ….今天的口头/书面作业是……4．Practice the conversation like this after class / at home.
课后/ 在家这样练习对话。

5．Say it out loud before you write it down.
在你写下之前大声说出来。

6．Copy / Write / Print each word twice. 每个单词抄写四遍。

Copy the new words in page 48 twice. 48页生词抄写两遍。

Copy five times for each word. 每个单词抄写五遍。

Please write it with pen not with pencil. 请用钢笔而不是用铅笔。

7．Remember / Memorize these words, please. 请记住这些单词。

8．Learn these words / sentences / passage by heart.
请记住这些单词/句子/文章。

Learn by heart the passage from paragraph 3 to paragraph 5.
请背诵3段到5段。

Learn the second paragraph by heart. 背第二段。

9．Do your homework / Do the next lesson / Do the new work carefully.
做作业/预习下一课/认真预习新课。

10．Hand in your homework tomorrow morning.
明早交作业。

11．Recite the conversation, please.
背诵对话。

12．Make up conversations according to the passage.
根据短文编对话。

13．Are you all clear about today’s homework?
今天的作业你们都清楚了吗？14．Rewrite the text you’ve learned.改写学过的课文。

Write a short passage using these words. 用这些单词写一篇小作文。

Write a composition of about three hundred and fifty words.
写一篇350字的作文。

15．Make a draft first, and then copy it into your exercise books.
先打个草稿然后抄到练习本上。

16．Today’s homework: learn the new words taught today.
今天的作业：学习今天所学的生词。

Be sure that you know their spelling, pronunciation and meaning.
一定要理解他们的拼写、发音和意思。

17．Learn the text well. 学好这篇课文。

18．Copy the following words（sentences）.抄写下面的单词（句子）。

19．Get prepared to retell the story. 准备复述这个故事。

20．You must review today’s lesson before doing your homework.
在做作业之间务必要复习今天的功课。

（十四）下课（Dismissing the class）
1．Hand in your workbooks, please. 请交作业。

2．Time is up, hand in your books, students at the back, pass on your exercise books.
时间到了，把书交上来，后面的同学把练习本传过来。

3．The bell is ringing.
There’s the bell.
There goes the bell（for dismissal）.
4．Th at’s all for today.下课。

So much for today.
Let’s stop here today.
We’ll leave off here today.
Class is over.
That’s it.
Let’s have a break.
5．Goodbye / Bye / See you next time.
*（十五）其他（Others）（仅供参考）
1．There are five paragraphs in the reading.
2．Can you make notes? 你能注释吗？
3．Change this verb from the present into the past tense and future tense.
把这个词的现在形式变成过去式和将来式。

4．The predicate verb must agree with its subject in person and number.
谓语动词一定要和主语的人称和数一致。

5．You should know the rules of the verb.
6．Verbs have change of the third person singular form.
动词用于第三人称单数时有变化。

7．The uncountable noun has no plural form.
不可数名词没有复数形式。

8．What’s the synonym / opposite of this word?
这个词的同义词（反义词）是什么?
9．Don’t confuse these two usages.
不要混淆这两种用法。

10．Would you please analyze the sentence?
请你分析一下这个句子好吗?
11．There are ten parts of speech in English.
英语有十大词类。

12．What kind of sentence is this?
这是什么句子？
13．It’s a simple sentence. 这是个简单句。

14．It’s a compound sentence. 这是个并列句。

15．It’s a complex sentence. 它是个复合句。

16．It’s a compound complex sentence. 它是个并列复合句。

17．It’s a general question. 它是个一般疑问句。

18．It’s a special question. 这是个特殊问句。

19．It’s direct speech. 这是直接引语。

20．It’s reported speech. 这是间接引语。

21．This is a subject clause. 这是个主语从句。

22．This is an object clause. 这是个宾语从句。

23．This is a predicative clause. 这是个表语从句。

24．Please choose a word instead of this clause.
请用一句话代替这个句子。

25．Please turn this sentence into the interrogative.
请把这个句子变成疑问句。

26．Please point out the subject and predicate of the sentence.
请指出这句话的主语、谓语。

27．Try to point out the word the attributive clause modifies.
试指出定语从句所修饰的词。

28．Change the attributive clause into participle phrase.
把定语从句变成分词短语。

29．The sentence is in an active voice. 这是个主动句。

Can you change the sentence into the passive voice?
你能把这个句子变成被动句吗？
30．What’s wrong with the structure of this sentence?
31．Put the accent on the right syllable. 重读要正确。

32．Read the stressed syllable clearly. 重读音节要读清楚。

33．Notice the incomplete explosions. 注意不完全爆破。

34．Read these phrases and sentences aloud, paying attention to liaison.
朗读这些短语和句子，要注意连读。

35．When you read aloud, you should pay attention to sentence stress, sense group, pause and liaison.
朗读时，注意句子重音、意群、停顿和连读。

36．This is a general question. It should be read in the rising tone.
这是一般问句，应该用声调。

37．Use the falling tone when we read special questions.
读特殊疑问句的时候要用降调。

38．This is a proper noun. Notice the first letter is capitalized.
这是专有名词, 第一个字母要大写。

39．Give the plural form of this noun.
说出这个名词的复数形式。

40．Here the pronoun is used as the object of the verb, so it is in the objective case.
这里人称代词用作动词的宾语，因此要用宾格。

41．Give the comparative degree and superlative degree of this adjective.
说出这个形容词的比较级和最高级。

42．Is this a transitive verb or an intransitive verb? If it is a transitive verb, what’s its object?
这是及物动词还是不及物动词？如果是及物动词。

它的宾语是什么？
43．Give the three parts of these irregular verbs.
写出这些不规则动词的三种形式。

44．In this case, what tense should be used?
在这种情况下，应该用什么时态？
45．This sentence is in the active voice. Can you change it into the passive voice?
这个句子是主动语态，你能把它变成被动语态吗？
46．Is it a gerund or a participle?
这是个动名词还是现在分词？
47．Change the direct speech of these sentences into reported speech.
48．Grammatically, it is all right, but it is not quite idiomatic.
从语法上来看，这句话没有错，但他不太符合英语习惯。

49．Pay attention to the word order. The word order in Chinese is often different from that in English.
注意词序。

汉语的词序往往与英语不同。

50．Can you change the affirmative sentence into a negative（interrogative）sentence? 你能把这个肯定句改成否定句（疑问句）吗？
51．Look at the third word from the bottom on the left.
请看左边倒数第三个单词。

52．Try to read the new words with the help of the phonetic transcriptions.
请按音标试读这些单词。

53．This noun can only be used in the singular (plural).
这个名词只用于单（复）数。

54．The word “sheep” has the same form in the singular as in the plural.
“sheep”这个单词单复数相同。

55．The word “record” can be used either as a verb or as a noun.
“record”这个词既可以用作动词也可用作名词。

When it is used as a noun it means …when it is used as a verb it means …56．Remember it is a set phrase. It should not be changed.
注意这是一个固定词组，不能随意更改。

57．This phrase can only be used attributively, never predicatively.
这个词组只能做定语，不能做表语。

二、日常生活用语
1．What can I do for you? / Can I help you?
2．What’s up? What’s on? /what’s wrong?
3．Thank you so much for your help.
4．Thank you for your kind help.
5．I’m afraid I’ve taken up a lot of your time. 我恐耽误你很多时间
6．It’s quite all right. 没有关系！
7．I don’t want to hold you up any longer.我不想再耽搁你了。

8．After all, that’s my job. 这是我应该做的。

9．So much the better! 那就更好了！
10．How right you are! 你说的完全正确。

11．That’s where it is. 这说到节骨眼上。

12．Take it easy. 别着急。

13．Come straight to the point. 直截了当。

14．Don’t tell me. 别瞎扯了。

15．Something is better than nothing. 有总比没有强。

16．Watch your step.
慢走！（当心脚底下，注意你的行动）
17．It’s none of your business. 别管闲事。

18．You’re telling me! 我早就知道了，还用你说！19．That’s the whole point. 这就是我的意思。

20．It’s no joke. 这不是开玩笑。

21．Nothing doing. 不行。

22．What a pity! 真可惜！
23．It’s a different cup of tea. 那是另一个问题。

24．Let’s leave it there. 就谈到这儿吧。

25．We are in the same boat. 我们的处境一样。

26．I’ll have nothing to do with that. 这和我无关。

27．We don’t speak the same language. 我们没有共同语言。

28．I was / stayed up all right last right. 我昨晚熬了一夜29．Drop in any time. 有空来玩。

30．He knows what he is doing. 他很内行。

31．He is letting me down. 他使我失望。

附一、常用语法术语
grammar 语法morphology 词法
part of speech 词类noun（n.）名词
common noun 普通名词proper noun 专有名词
class noun 类名词collective noun 集体名词material noun 物质名词abstract noun 抽象名词countable noun 可数名词uncountable noun 不可数名词number 数singular number 单数
plural number 复数zero plural 形式不变的复数case 格nominative case 主格
objective case 宾格possessive case 所有格
gender 性masculine gender 阳性
feminine gender 阴性neuter gender 中性
article（art.）冠词definite article 定冠词indefinite article 不定冠词pronoun（pron.）代词personal pronoun 人称代词possessive pronoun 物主代词self-pronoun 自（反）身代词reciprocal pronoun 相互代词demonstrative pronoun指示代词interrogative pronoun 疑问代词relative pronoun 关系代词indefinite pronoun 不定代词numeral（num.）数词cardinal numeral 基数词ordinal numeral 序数词adjective(adj.) 形容词
degree of comparison / comparative degree 比较级superlative degree 最高级positive degree 原级adverb（adv.）副词ordinary adverb 普通词interrogative adverb 疑问副词relative adverb 关系副词conjunctive adverb 连接副词verb(v.) 动词notional verb 实义动词link verb 连系动词modal verb 情态动词auxiliary verb 助动词transitive verb 及物动词intransitive verb 不及物动词phrasal verb 短语动词
principal forms of the verb动词的基本形式
base（or root）form 原形past tense 过去时present participle 现在分词past participle 过去分词regular verb 规则动词irregular verb 不规则动词tense 时态
present simple tense 一般现在时
past indefinite tense 一般过去时
future indefinite tense 一般将来时
present continuous tense 现在进行时
past continuous tense 过去进行时
future–in–the–past continuous tense 过去将来进行时
present perfect tense 现在完成时
past perfect tense 过去完成时
future perfect tense 将来完成时
present perfect continuous tense 现在完成进行时
past perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时
sequence of tenses 时态的一致
voice 语态
active voice 主动语态passive voice 被动语态
mood 语气indicative mood 直陈语气imperative mood 祈使语气subjunctive mood 虚拟语气verbal 非谓语动词infinitive 不定式
infinitive particle 动词不定式符号to
preposition （prep.）介词
prepositional phrase 介词短语
conjunction（conj.）连词
coordinative conjunction 并列连词
subordinating conjunction 从属连词
interjection （int.）感叹词
syntax 句法sentence 句子simple sentence 简单句compound sentence 并列句complex sentence 复合句declarative sentence 陈述句interrogative sentence 疑问句imperative sentence 祈使句exclamatory sentence 感叹句general question 一般疑问句special question 特殊疑问句alternative question 选择疑问disjunctive question 反意疑问句affirmative sentence 肯定句negative sentence 否定句subject 主语formal subject 形式主语predicate 谓语predicative 表语object 宾语formal object 形式宾语direct object 直接宾语indirect object 间接宾语object complement 宾语补足语attribute 定语appositive 同位语adverbial 状语clause 从句subject clause 主语从句predicative clause 表语从句object clause 宾语从句appositive clause 同位语从句attributive clause 定语从句
identifying attributive clause 限制性定语从句
non–identifying attributive clause 非限制性定语从句
adverbial clause 状语从句
adverbial clause of time 时间状语从句
adverbial clause of place 地点状语从句
adverbial clause of purpose 目的状语从句
adverbial clause of result 结果状语从句
adverbial clause of cause 原因状语从句
adverbial clause of condition 条件状语从句
adverbial clause of manner 方式状语从句
adverbial clause of concession 让步状语从句
adverbial clause of attending circumstances 伴随状语从句
direct speech 直接引语indirect speech 间接引语direct address 称呼语parenthetical statement 插入语phrase 短语word-order 词序ellipsis 省略inversion 倒装
附二、公共揭示语公共场所名。