江苏省包场高级中学高中英语选修6学案：Unit1LaughterisgoodforyouPeriod

Period 2 Grammar and usage
Step1.课前自学Pre-class
The present tenses（现在时态）
Learning points(学习目标)：1.To grasp the u sages of the present tenses.
2.To finish some exercises about the present tenses. Important points(学习重点)：1．To understand the difference between the present tense
2．Know more about special rules of the present perfect tense Difficult points(学习难点): How to use the four present tenses well.
Learning guide(方法引导)：Read,remember and ap ply
一、The simple present (一般现在时)
1.一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力
等。

(与一般现在时连用的时间状语有：every day, once a week, always, often, every time, now and then, occasionally, seldom, sometimes, usually, etc.)
The earth （move）around the sun.
Columbus proved that the earth（be）round.
Practice makes perfect. (译)
2.主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。

如：
I’ll （go）there after I finish my work.
If it （rain）tomorrow,I won’t go there.
3.在以here,there开头的句子里，go,e等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。

例如：There
goes the bell.铃响了。

There es the bus.汽车来了。

Here she es.她来了。

4.表示按时刻表计划或安排好的动作。

（只限于表示起始或移动意义的动词: begin，e leave，start，arrive, go ,ect.）如：
Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 (take) off at 8:20.
高考：
①——Can I join your club,dad?
——You can when you______a bit older. (NMET)
A.get
B.will get
C.are getting
D.will have got
②This machine .It hasn’t worked for years(06 ).
A. didn’t work
B. wasn’t working
C. doesn’t work
D. isn’t working
③Send my regards to your lovely wife when you home.(06)
A. wrote
B. will write
C. have written
D. write
二、The present continuous(现在进行时)
1.表示说话的时刻正在进行的动作。

通常由表示“此刻”的时间状语（now, at this moment），
或通过Look/Listen!这两个提示语来表明此时此刻动作正在进行
She is making a fire now. Listen! Mary is singing an English song in the classroom.
2.表示现在时间段中正在进行的动
They are planting trees on the hill these days.
I don't really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.
3.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。

能这样用的动词并不多，通常是arrive, begin, e, do, drive,
fly, go, leave, stay 等表示位置转移的动词。

这种用法比较生动，给人以一种期待感。

eg. She is leaving for Beijing.她要去。

He (work) as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。

My father (e) to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。

4.代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。

eg. The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。

The sun (rise) in the east.太阳从冉冉升起。

5.现在进行时的特殊用法
a.表示一种重复的动作，带有“厌恶”、“赞叹”等感情色彩现在进行时往往与constantly,
always, forever等状语连用，给现在的动作披上一层感情色彩。

She‘s constantly pl aining. 她不停地抱怨。

My brother is always leaving things about. （译）
b.表示某一具体动作或心理状态的发展过程
The house is falling down. 房子正在倒下。

The weather is changing for the better. （译）
注意：有时表示一个动作刚刚开始。

I'm forgetting my English. 我的英语开始忘了。

Food is costing more. 食品贵了起来。

c. 强调动作的重复
The train is arriving late almost every day this summer. （译）：Someone is knocking at the door. 有人不断地在敲门。

The boy is jumping with joy（译）：5.大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。

常见的有：exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belong to ,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget, believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope等。

高考：
①I don’t really work here.I______until the new secretary arrives. (NMET)
A.just help out
B.have just helped out
C.am just helping out
D.will just help out
②——Is this raincoat yours?
----No,mine______there behin d the door. (NMET)
A.is hanging
B.has hung
C.hangs
D.hung
三、The present perfect(现在完成时)
1.表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作。

例如：
I have finished the report./ She has cleand the room.
2.表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for…”,“since…”表述的一段时间状语连用。

例如：
He (learn) English for six years.
They (work) here since they left college.
3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
1）
2）
4.表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/has gone to”.例如：
——Where is Li Hua? －He has gone to the reading-room.
——She knows a lot about Shanghai.－She has been there.
5.短暂动词（即瞬间动词），join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,e,arrive,die,
marry,finish,plete,begin,start,break out等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

例如不能说：He has finished the work for three hours.要翻译“他已完成工作三小时了。

”可采用1）“ago法”：He finished the work three hours ago.
2）“延续法”：He has been through(with)the work for three hours.
3）“since法”：It is/has be en three hours since he finished the work.
高考：
①——______my glasses?
——Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago. (NMET)
A.Do you see
B.Had you seen
C.Would you see
D.Have you seen
②You don’t need to describe her.I______her several times. (NMET)
A.had met
B.have met
C.met
D.meet
③——Do you know our town at all?
——No,this is the first time I______here.
A.was
B.have been
C.came
D.am going
四、The present perfec t continuous(现在完成进行时)
1.用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在（或今后还要继续一去）的动作。

eg. He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00./ It has been raining for two days.
2.凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成进行时。

I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。

(动作不再延续下去)
It（rain）for three hours. 雨已经下了三个小时了。

(动作可能延续) ——“How long have you been learning English?”——你英语学多久了? ——“I （learn）English for two years.”——我学了两年了。

(动作可能延续) ——“Why are you so dirty?”——“I（play）football.”
——你身上怎么这样脏? ——我刚才踢足球了。

(动作不再延续下去)
Step 2 课探究During–class
一.Remember the grammar rules and try to use them
二..Practi se
完成句子
(1).The earth （move）around the sun.
(2).Columbus proved that the earth（be）round.
(3).I’ll（go）there after I finish my work.
(4). If it（rain）tomorrow,I won’t go there.
(5).He (work) as a teacher tomorrow.
(6).My father (e) to see me this Saturday.
(7).He (learn) English for six years.
(8).They (work) here since they left college.
选择
1.——Can I join your club,dad?
——You can when you______a bit older. (NMET)
A.get
B.will get
C.are getting
D.will have got
2. This machine .It hasn’t worked for years(06 ).
A. didn’t work
B. wasn’t working
C. doesn’t work
D. isn’t working
3.Send my regards to your lovely wife when you home.(06)
A. wrote
B. will write
C. have written
D. write
4.——______my glasses?
——Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago. (NMET)
A.Do you see
B.Had you seen
C.Would you see
D.Have you seen
5. You don’t need to describe her.I______her several times. (NMET)
A.had met
B.have met
C.met
D.meet
6.——Do you know our town at all?
——No,this is the first time I______here.
A.was
B.have been
C.came
D.am going
7.The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front ______ to arrive.
A. is expected
B. is expecting
C. expects
D. will be expected
8. ---Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?
-- Terry? Never! She___ tents and fresh air!
A. has hated
B.hated
C. will hate
D. hates
9..—Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?
—Yes, I have. I guess it ______ now.
A. has graded
B. is graded
C. is being graded
D. is grading
10. I don’t suppose the police know who did it.
--- Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and ________ now.
A. has been questioned
B. is being questioned
C. is questioning
D. has questioned
11. . Although medical science __________ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. ( 2006卷)
A. achieved
B. has achieved
C. will achieve
D. had achieved
12 Teenagers ________ their health because they play puter games too much(08卷’).
A. have damaged
B. are damaging
C. damaged
D. will damage
.13. I have to go to work by taxi because my car ________ at the garage.（2006卷） A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
14. I ______ in London for many years，but I，we never regretted my final decision to move back to China.（2006卷 A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived 15. I won't tell the student the answer to the math problem until he ____on it for more than an hour.（2006卷）
A. has been working
B. will have worked
C. will have been working
D. had worked
16.Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she _____ English for a year. [2007卷]
A. studies
B. studied
C. is studying
D. has been studying
Step3课后提升Post-class：
1. So far this year we ______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. （2008）
A. saw
B. see
C. had seen
D. have seen
2. Though we don’t know what discussed, yet we can feel the topic . (2008卷B)
A. had changed
B. will change
C. was changed
D. has been changed
3. Judy is going to marry the sailor she in Rome last year. （2008）
A. meets
B. met
C. has met
D. would meet
4. Teenagers their health because they play puter games too much. （2008）
A. have damaged
B. are damaging
C. damaged
D. will damage
5. --- I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
--- I think so. He ___________ for it for months. （2008卷）
A. is preparing
B. was preparing
C. had been preparing
D. has been preparing
6. By the time he realizes he ______ into a trap, it'll be too late for him to do anything about it. （2008C）
A. walks
B. walked
C. has walked
D. had walked
7. If their marketing plans succeed, they ____ thei r sales by 20 percent. （全国卷II ）
A. will increase
B. have been increasing
C. have increased
D. would be increasing
8.—Ha ve you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?
—Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society. （2008全国卷1）
A. has joined
B. joins
C. had joined
D. joined
9.—Have you got any job offers?
-- No. I ______.(2008卷)
A. waited
B. had been waiting
C. have waited
D. am waiting
10.–Do you think we should accept that offer?
-- Yes, we should, for we ___such bad luck up till now, and time __ out. （2008卷）
A. have had; is running
B. had; is running
C. have; has been run
D. have had; has been run
完型填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41—60各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Small moments sometimes last a very long time. And a few words though they mean 16 at the time to the people who say them--can have great power.
I recently heard a story from Malcolm Dalkoff, who has been a professional 17 for the last 24 years, mostly in advertising.
As a boy, Dalkoff was terribly shy and 18 . He had few friends and no self-confidence(自信). Then one day, his high-school English teacher, Ruth Brauch, asked the class to write their own chapter that would 19 the last chapter of the novel since they had been reading To Kill a Mockingbird. Dalkoff wrote his chapter and turned it in. Today he cannot recall anything 20 about the chapter he wrote, or what 21 Mrs. Brauch gave him. 22 , what he does remember is the four words in the paper: "This is good writing."
Four words. They 23 his life.
" 24 I read those words, I had no idea of who I was or what I was going to be," he said. "After reading her 25 , I went home and wrote a short story, 26 I had always dreamed of doing but never 27 I could do."
28 the rest of that year in school, he wrote many short stories and always brought them to Mrs. Brauch for 29 . She was encouraging, tough and honest. "She was just what I needed," Dalkoff said.
Later he was 30 as a co-editor of his high-school newspaper. His 31 grew; his knowledge broadened; he 32 on a s uccessful life with great achievements. Dalkoff 33 that none of this would have happened had that woman not written those four words.
For his 30th high-school reunion, Dalkoff went back and visited Mrs. Brauch, who had retired. He told her what great 34 the four words had had upon his life and because she had given him the confidence to be a writer, he had been able to 35 that confidence on to the woman who would bee his wife, who became a writer herself.
36. A. much B. little C. well D. ill
37. A. reporter B. designer C. writer D. teacher
38. A. slow B. independent C. troublesome D. helpless
39. A. follow B. change C. connect D. explain
40. A. pleasant B important C. different D. special
41. A. help B. encouragement C. grade D. words
42. A. Therefore B. However C. Meanwhile D. Besides
43. A. improved B. developed C. changed D. enriched
44. A. Until B. After C. Since D. While
45. A. chapter B. novel C. note D. explanation
46. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything
47. A. meant B. doubted C. proved D. believed
48. A. With B. Beyond C. Over D. From
49.A.appreciation B. changing C. information D. instruction
50. A. chosen B. regarded C. considered D. treated
51. A. excitement B. confidence C. determination D. experience
52. A. kept up B. caught up C. started off D. showed off
53. A. realized B. wished C. expected D. dreamed
54. A. progress B. success C. courage D. effect
55. A. hold B. bring C. pass D. carry
Period2
一、
1. moves
2. is
3. go
4. rains
5. takes
6. is working
7. is ing
8. is
9. rising 二、
1—5 ACDDB 6—10 BADCB 11—16 BBCCAD
1—5 DBBBD6—10 CADDA
1—5 BCDAD 6—10 CBCAC 11—15 BDCDA 16—20 BCADC。