2019-2020学年莆田第四中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析

2019-2020学年莆田第四中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
It was a weeknight and one of my twin daughters marched into the room, waving a book she'd finished. “Dad, why are books with science in them always about boys?” she asked.
I told her that simply wasn't true; there were loads of great science fictions with girls in them. She agreed, but argued that in those stories it was the boys who were doing science, and the girls were justalong for the ride. My other daughter took her sister's side and challenged me to give an example.
This left me in a difficult position. I could either go through our library to point out some wonderful examples of female-led science fictions, or just admit they were right and remain in my comfortable chair.
I've been asked several times how I came up with the idea forA Problematic Paradoxand my answer is always the same: it came to me in a moment of inspiration. I like that answer because it's simple and makes me seem very creative. The fact that this explanation is not true bothers me from time to time. Here's the truth: the story wasn't my idea. It was my daughters who suggested I write something for them that had a girl doing science.
My daughters were at an age when many young women turn away from STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math), believing those areas of study unfriendly or out-of-the-norm for girls. I also read about how important role models can be to young people. It's one thing to tell a person they can do something, but seeing someone like them doing that thing can be more powerful.
So, I kept two guidelines for the book in mind: First, the story had to be fun for anyone, because it's as important for boys to understand that science is for everyone. Second, I wanted the main character, Nikola, to be imperfect. She should be someone with shortcomings as we all have. I think this not only makes a story more interesting to read, but also helps make it clear that the most extraordinary things can be done by ordinary people.
1. What does the underlined phrase “along for the ride” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Entering a bike race.
B. Offering vital help.
C. Doing unimportant things.
D. Playing the leading role.
2. What do we know about the bookA Problematic Paradox1?
A. Its main character is perfect.
B. It is a female-led science fiction.
C. It is intended to appeal to girls only.
D. Its idea comes from the author's inspiration.
3. Which of the following best describes the author's book?
A. Serious and abstract.
B. Simple and practical.
C. Creative and well-organized.
D. Inspiring and interesting.
B
Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's(学士) degree.
Jennifer grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲) a lot to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned animportant lesson, witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that's pretty powerful.
4. What did Jennifer do after high school?
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She taught her sisters and brothers.
D. She supported herself through college.
5. Why did she choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital?
A. To learn from the best nurses.
B. To take care of her kids easily at night.
C. To save money for her parents.
D. To find a well-paid job there.
6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?
A. Her health.
B. Her chance of promotion.
C Her reputation. D. Her time with family.
7. What can we learn from Jennifer's story?
A. Hard work pays off.
B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Time is money.
D. Education is the key to success.
C
At any moment, about half the world’s population is wearing denim（牛仔布）clothes. But few realize tiny bits of denim have been adding up to a surprising amount of pollution in water, as a new study shows.
Sam Athey, one of the study’s authors, says, “Even though denim is made of a natural material—cotton, it contains chemicals.” Cotton fibers were treated with many types of chemicals, she notes. Some improve its durability and feel. Others give denim its distinctive blue color1 .
Athey and her team washed jeans and found that about 50,000 microfibers came off from each pair per wash. Not all of those fibers make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants catch about 83 to 99 percent ofthem. Catching 99 percent may sound pretty good. But one percent of 50,000 is still 500 fibers per wash. And since every pair of jeans is washed again and again, it still adds up to lots of microfibers entering the water environment.
Denim microfibers showed up in sediment（沉淀物）from the Great Lakes. More of these fibers polluted a series of shallow lakesin southern Ontario. They even turned up in sediment from the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. The team found denim accounted for 12 to 23 percent of microfibers in the sediment. There were other microfibers too. But the team focused on denim because so many people wear jeans.
“Everyone wears jeans so they could be our largest input of microfibers into our streams and soils,” Athey says. “An easy way to limit that is by washing our jeans less often.” Athey grew up thinking she should wash her jeans after wearing them every couple of times, but most jean companies recommend washing them no more than once a month. “The solution is not that you shouldn’t wear jeans,” she says. “We need to buy fewer denim clothes and only wash them when they truly need it.”
8. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Chemicals are contained in natural cotton.
B. Chemicals can make denim color1 ful.
C. Chemicals prevent fibers from falling.
D. Chemicals can make the life of denim longer.
9. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Denim.
B. Sediment.
C. Microfibers.
D. Chemicals.
10. What does the author mainly want to tell us through Athey’s words ?
A. To avoid wearing jeans.
B. To reduce denim consumption.
C. To wash jeans more often.
D. To limit input in denim production.
11. In which section of a magazine might the text be found?
A. Science.
B. Entertainment.
C. Tourism.
D. Geography.
D
Faming is a tradition among many in South Dakota, one that is not always easy to keep in the family. But one family has survived four generations and hopes to continue long into the future. The year was 1933 when Ed VanderWal's father first stepped onto the farm. Now 80 years later, Ed carries the passion(热情) his father gave him for farming every daywhile working the fields on the family farm in Volga.
“Well, I was in the first grade when my dad moved here to this farm and I grew up on the farm. And that's what I was interested in doing more,” Ed said. But that love of working the land didn't stop with Ed. He's passed it down to his six sons. Some of them run farms of their own now, but two of them, Scott and David, still work side by side with their dad every day.
Some people might worry that working sun up to sun down with family seven days a week would lead to a few family spats(争吵). But for the VanderWals, the constant time together works just fine.
“When families work together on a farm, it's a challenge at times getting along. Everyone has to pull their weight and do their share. And that, of course, transfers from one generation to the next,” Scott said.
And while they all get along like any family, with good days and bad, it's tradition that keeps each generation teaching the next.
“But we taught them to work with animals at a young age, like most farmers do. So it's nice to be able to pass that tradition onto the next generation,” Scott said.
The youngest generation of the VanderWals, Ed's three grandsons and a granddaughter, all started learning farming techniques at a young age.
12. Why did Ed VanderWal devote himself to the farm?
A. Because he grew up on the farm.
B. Because he was affected by his father.
C Because he could do nothing but work on the farm.
D. Because he wanted to set a good example for his sons.
13. What can we know from Paragraph 2?
A. Managing a farm is a real challenge.
B. Ed has divided his farms into six parts.
C. Ed taught his sons how to work on farms.
D. Scott and David own their own farms now.
14. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The VariderWals have strict family rules.
B. Ed's tradition has great effect on the local.
C. Ed's grandchildren will drop out of school.
D. Ed's farms have no lack of successors (继承者).
15. What's the best title of the passage?
A. A Faming Family.
B. A Successful Farmer.
C. The Agricultural 'Tradition.
D. The Agricultural Generation.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Readingmore is one of the top goals that many people set for themselves.___16___If reading is a habit you'd like to get into, there are a number of ways to cultivate it.
Make a list. Keep a list of all the great books you want to read. You can keep this in your journal, in a pocket notebook, wherever.___17___Keep a running list, and cross out the ones you have read.
Find a quiet place. Find a place at your home where you can sit in a comfortable chair and read a good book without interruptions. There should be no television or computer near the chair to minimize distractions.___18___.
___19___If you really want to read more, try cutting back on TV or Internet consumption. This may be difficult for many people. Still, every minute you reduce of the Internet and TV, you could use it for reading. This can create hours of book reading time.
Have a reading hour or reading day. If you turn off the TV or the Internet in the evening, you could have a set hour when you and maybe all the members of your family read each night.___20___It's super fun.
A. Read more good books.
B. Reduce television and the Internet.
C. If you want, you can sell a good book,
D. If you don't have a place like this, create one.
E. Or you could enjoy a reading day of your own.
F. Be sure to add to it whenever you hear about a good book.
G. A good book can teach you things beyond your daily horizons.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I spent many years doing things seemingly “important” to me. I was told that college is great and that all that___21___in life is to get a good job, a partner... These___22___, just like for many of you, were so___23___fixed in my mind from childhood.
During one of my summer holidays, I finally realized my___24___. I already studied for a couple of years, and I spent almost no time___25___what I would actually want. I studied throughout weekdays and did things___26___me nowhere at weekends.
The last year of my studies was___27___. Something was bound to change in difficulty. I had already begun ___28___going to the gym to make the___29___that I was after. Doing physical exercise, I can not only___30___my body, get rid of stress, but most importantly, I can___31___my willpower. By having decided to go to the gym 3 times a week, I was already making___32___changes in life.
Taking care of my body also___33___me to look after what I was___34___. I no longer ate fatty and sugary food. To my___35___, I wasn’t leading a bad lifestyle anymore. So I was becoming___36___. The best part about it was that I didn’t even have to try hard, so I enjoyed the___37___! It might be a paradox(矛盾) to some, but I feel more___38___by doing intense(剧烈的) exercise.___39___, exercise keeps me cheerful and I realizeone’s___40___begins, with physical health.
21. A. succeeds B. appears C. counts D. functions
22. A. thoughts B. comments C. introductions D. decisions
23. A. quickly B. quietly C. easily D. heavily
24. A. unconcern B. passivity C. doubt D. uncertainty
25. A. giving away B. looking at C. worrying about D. putting up
26. A. throwing B. catching C. taking D. pulling
27. A. meaningful B. light C. ordinary D. tough
28. A. suddenly B. occasionally C. actively D. practically
29. A. transformation B. connection C. explanation D. determination
30. A. operate B. strengthen C. adjust D. support
31. A. consider B. realize C. share D. improve
32. A. significant B. sensitive C. common D. natural
33. A. persuaded B. forced C. motivated D. intended
34. A. seeking B. consuming C. experiencing D. approaching
35. A. annoyance B. disappointment C. confusion D. amazement
36. A. healthy B. independent C. competent D. mature
37. A. result B. benefit C. process D. freedom
38. A. energized B. excited C. satisfied D. stressed
39. A. By chance B. In addition C. By contrast D. In short
40. A. career B. dream C. possession D. happiness
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
A family can be two or more people who share goals and values, have long-term commitments to one another, and usually live in____41.____same house. Families range from all sorts of____42.____(race), forms and sizes. Families differ in various ways but each one has____43.____(it)own definition of a happy home and family. So, what makes a happy family? There are many important factors that make a happy family.
Order is one of the important factors that make a happy family. With order there is no chaos or____44.____(confuse)in the home. A well-organized family will be able to function smoothly and easily in____45.____(complete)various tasks that each individual must do. When each individual knows his/her own responsibility, he/she is capable and able to bring____46.____(much)harmony and peace in the home.
Quality time is definitely one aspect to having a happy family. This quality time____47.____(spend) together as a family no matter what the activity is will____48.____(sure)strengthen a family’s relationship.____49.____is often the case, quality time helps to develop a bond between family members. Not only will this strengthen ties, it will provide you____50.____memories of times spent together, whether it is having fun, being sad, happy, or bad.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more time with after-school activities. For example,we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.
My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers in the school are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

At noon on a brilliant Tuesday in March, my 12-year-old son Kai and I are a mile and a half into a four-day, 27-mile walk through the Grand Canyon—his first backpacking trip — when he asks: “Are we almost to camp?”
Um, no. Camp, at Hermit Creek, is seven miles and nearly 2,500 feet below, which will take us several more hours. We’re going down a poorly maintained path off the canyon, across which we can see many of the canyon’s layers. This is on display in cliffs hundreds of feet tall, a reminder of how far we have to go.
We are here largely because of a birthday note Kai wrote me two years ago in which he declared, “You used to be a wild 10-year-old like me and now you’re a wild 53-year-old. We can do so many things together! I am excited for when I’m old enough for the Grand Canyon!”
There are, I suppose, dads who could resist that, just as there are fathers who would plan an experience-appropriate trip for their sons. I am neither, so here we are. Never mind that; aside from simply being 12, Kai has done almost nothing to physically prepare for this. Or that I haven’t backpacked for 13 years.
We head on past twisty trees and brush. Soon the view broadens, and the layers grow deeper, down to the shadowy, 1.8 billion-year-old Vishnu, a panorama(全景) that leaves Kai excited. “This place is amazing,” he says.
Nightfall in the canyon can be magical. Darkness surrounds us, pressed by cool air. We navigate a narrow path to the stream and, hearing the sound of a waterfall, lie down to take in the stars. Twice I suggest we turn in. “Not yet,” Kai says. “This is too unbelievable.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

The last day’s plan is to travel the three miles to the Colorado River, which is the most challenging.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
After the backpacking trip, I also write a note to my son.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
参考答案
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. D
5. B
6. D
7. A
8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
16. G 17. F 18. D 19. B 20. E
21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32.
A 33. C 34.
B 35. D 36. A 37.
C 38. A 39. B 40. D
41. the
42. races 43. its
44. confusion
45. completing
46. more 47. spent
48. surely 49. As
50. with
51.(1).they→there
(2).didn’t→don’t
(3).many→much
(4).with→for
(5).hour→hours
(6).look→looks
(7).去掉flowers前的the
(8).sat→sit
(9).在listening后加to
(10).helpfully→helpful 52.略。