湖南省多所学校2023-2024学年高三上学期第三次联考英语试题(含听力)

湖南省多所学校2023-2024学年高三上学期第三次联考英语试题(含听力）
一、听力选择题
1.
A．Father and daughter.B．Friends.
C．Husband and wife.D．Boss and his employee.
2.
A．She did not bring the ticket.
B．She forgot to bring them the card.
C．She doesn’t want to attend a concert.
D．She was unable to get the student discount.
3.
A．A professor.B．A waitress.C．An actress.D．A librarian.
4. What problem does the man face?
A．He has a low position.B．He may lose his position.C．He has trouble finding a job.
5.
A．A receptionist.B．A cleaner.C．An electrician.D．A cashier.
二、听力选择题
6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. What is the man doing?
A．Hosting a program.B．Attending a meeting.C．Making a presentation.
2. What makes Hillary nervous?
A．Connecting kids.B．Giving a public speech.C．Singing a song on stage.
3. What can better change the world according to Hillary?
A．Education.B．Politics.C．Business.
7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. What is the house like according to the speakers?
A．It is big enough.
B．It is in a poor condition.
C．It has a smooth floor.
2. What might happen to the house according to the woman?
A．It will be sold.B．It will fall down.C．It will remain empty.
3. What has the woman heard in the local store?
A．The news of repairs.
B．The sound of an accident.
C．The chat about a business.
4. What might worry the woman about having a hotel next door?
A．The safety.B．The space.C．The noise.
8. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. What happened at the man’s dinner with his host family?
A．He forgot to introduce himself.
B．He called the host by the wrong name.
C．He whispered to someone.
2. How did the man deal with the situation?
A．He apologized for his behavior.
B．He said nothing about it.
C．He made a joke of himself.
3. How does the woman sound in the end?
A．Helpful.B．Embarrassed.C．Grateful.
9. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. What makes the film unique to the woman?
A．It is the woman’s first time producing.
B．There is only one man in the movie.
C．It has great special effects
2. What type of film is the woman starring in?
A．An action film.B．A romantic comedy.C．A science-fiction film.
3. When will the film be out in the UK?
A．On 21st December.B．On 14th December.C．On 7th December.
4. What is the man probably?
A．A producer.B．A comedian.C．A host.
三、听力选择题
10. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

1. Who is the speaker most probably talking to?
A．Dieters.B．Sports enthusiasts.C．Market watchers.
2. Why does the speaker take Trevor Hofbauer for example?
A．To state that wearing fitness trackers helps.
B．To prove that running watch-free is beneficial.
C．To clarify that fitness trackers are popular.
3. What does the speaker recommend at the end of her talk?
A．Stopping wearing fitness trackers.
B．Analyzing data from fitness trackers.
C．Reducing reliance on fitness trackers.
4. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A．The popularity of fitness trackers.
B．The disadvantages of fitness trackers.
C．The development of fitness trackers.
四、改错
11. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误
仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Peter,
I’m gladly to receive your letter where you asked me about my school rules. Here I’ll tell you something about it. There are several rules to obey there, including wearing school uniforms daily, attending and leaving school on times, and not carrying cellphones. These rules are so important we are extremely careful to follow them. Who breaks them will be have punished to do extra cleaning for a week. We all knew these rules are set up to help us forming good habits and improve our self-awareness.
How do you find the rules? Looking forward to hear from you.
Yours,
五、完形填空
六、阅读理解Li Hua
文章大意：本文是说明文。

文章讨论了寻找星外智慧生物的话题。

12. With billions of stars in our galaxy (银河系), many circled by planets, the chances are there should be advanced life capable of reaching out to us. Yet after decades of looking and listening, we have found ___________.
This apparent conflict is known as Fermi’s paradox- Some have used it to argue that the search for extraterrestrial(外星球的)intelligence (SETI) is sure to ___________ .
But a mathematical analysis of SETI searches done so far claims that the usual explanation for the paradox— that there is nobody out there—is ___________. Instead, it suggests the best explanation is simply that we have barely scratched the surface in our ___________ for extraterrestrial intelligence.
Jason Wright at Pennsylvania State University and his colleagues analysed the many variables involved in SETI, which involves searching for radio signals from other ___________ . These include what to look for, where to look, how often and for how long. They then devised an equation that computes the ___________ of the galaxy checked so far. The team says that the volume of the galaxy that has been checked by SETI so far is roughly___________ to just a single bathtub of water in the world’s oceans.
“Y ou don’t have to do a calculation to say we’ve only just ___________ ,” says Duncan Forgan at the University of St Andrews, UK, who is a member of the UK SETI research network. ”But they’ve done a nice job of showing the huge scale of the problem___________.“As well as putting SETI in context, the equation can help researchers see which search techniques have been used less than others. ____________ , we only developed the technology to listen for higher radio frequencies quite recently. ”But we’re getting better at that, so that variable will now shrink,“ says Forgan.
However, advances in ____________ will only take us so far. Certain variables, such as how often a message from space might be repeated, cannot be____________. A signal sent once a year can only be listened out for once a year. ”There are things we can do better and things we can’t,”says Forgan. “We just have to ____________ and wait for the universe to do its thing.”
Forgan has a book coming out that discusses 66 potential ____________ for Fermi’s paradox. They include the possibility that Earth is somehow unusual in its ability to harbour intelligent life or that technological civilisations are rare. Or perhaps they are ____________ but short-lived. “Genetic or nuclear disasters might wipe you out,” says Forgan.
1.A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything
2.A．arrive B．join C．fail D．improve
3.A．possible B．simple C．relative D．false
4.A．hunt B．love C．service D．region
5.A．individuals B．civilisations C．surroundings D．organisations
6.A．source B．centre C．edge D．part
7.A．subject B．equivalent C．available D．committed
8.A．remembered B．mentioned C．described D．started
9.A．progressively B．mathematically C．synthetically D．occasionally
10.A．For example B．What’s more C．In summary D．By comparison
11.A．technology B．computation C．radioactivity D．astronomy
12.A．measured B．challenged C．changed D．interpreted
13.A．set off B．sit back C．put up D．take down
14.A．demands B．benefits C．explanations D．applications
15.A．weird B．boring C．exciting D．common
13. Inside a secured room in a beautiful castle near Paris, a small metal cylinder (圆柱体) rests on a shelf beneath a double set of bell jars. It has lain there for more than a century, its rest only occasionally disturbed when the room’s three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.
First, the cylinder is rubbed with a piece of soft, alcohol-soaked cloth. Then it is steamed with pure water. Finally, the 1kg cylinder is returned, carefully, to its resting place.
Such attention to a lump of metal is unusual, but has a purpose. The castle houses the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and that piece of shining, circular metal is its holiest relic. It is the defining mass (质量)against which all other kilograms are measured. This is the international prototype, or standard, of the kilogram. The IPK, in short.
Dozens of carefully weighted copies of the original have been made. They are stored around the world and used to standardise individual nations’weights and measures systems.
But the days of the IPK, in its current form, are numbered. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurement – based on electric current – in order to define the mass of an object. The king of kilograms is about to be dethroned.
“One key reason for doing this work is to provide international security,” says Bureau spokesman Paul Robinson. “If the castle burned down tomorrow and the kilogram was destroyed, we would have no reference left for the world’s metric weights system. There would be chaos. The current definition of the kilogram is the weight of that cylinder in Paris, after all.”
Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements. “Drug companies will soon be wanting to use ingredients that will have to be measured in terms of a few millionths or even billionths of a gram,” says Robinson. “We need to be prepared to weigh substances with that kind of accuracy.”
1. What do we know about the IPK from the first two paragraphs?
A．It’s cared for with great devotion.
B．It’s used in religious ceremonies.
C．It’s beautifully designed and decorated.
D．It’s the most valuable metal in the world.
2. Which of the following best explains “dethroned” underlined in paragraph 5?
A．rebuilt B．removed
C．destroyed D．upgraded
3. What is a reason for replacing the current IPK?
A．To protect the metal cylinder from damage.
B．To make taking measurements more economical.
C．To provide all countries with the same standard.
D．To satisfy the increasing demand for exactness.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．No more kilos
B．A heavy technology
C．The future of the kilo
D．The history of measures
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。

本文介绍研究人员正在研发一款蛇形机器人，用于深海石油和天然气开采设备的维护。

14. The deep-sea oil and gas industry has vast and costly facilities to maintain. Wells, other equipment, and thousands of kilometers of pipelines must be inspected and repaired.
Now, cutting-edge underwater drones(无人机)and robots are being developed that could make the work safer and cheaper. Among them is Eelume, a six-meter-long, snake-like robot equipped with sensors and a camera at each end. It can be kept at a station at depths of up to half a kilometer for six months, without being brought back to the surface. The robot can travel up to 20 kilometers before needing to return to its station to
recharge.
Maintenance work at many deep-water wells and pipeline systems is already carried out by unmanned vehicles. But these vehicles typically need to be transported to the offshore site on a fully crewed ship and then remotely operated from onboard the surface ship. That can cost up to $100,000 per day, according to Pål Liljebäck, chief technology officer with Eelume Subsea Intervention, which developed the robot. Liljebäck says that by “enabling the robot to become a subsea resident living at a station, it can be mobilized at any time to do inspections, thereby reducing the need for costly surface ships”.
Eelume can work autonomously on tasks assigned from a control room onshore, and send back video and data. Its snake-like design allows it to work in small spaces and wriggle(扭动)its body to stay in place in strong currents. By staying under the sea, it can carry out tasks whatever the conditions on the surface of the ocean.
The global underwater robotics market is expected to be worth around $7 billion in 2025, according to analysts, and other companies are in the process of commercializing new deep-sea drone and robot technology. Eelume Subsea Intervention will carry out final testing on the seabed later this year at the Åsgard oil and gas field. It expects to put its first snake robots into use next year and hopes to have up to 50 in oceans around the world by 2027.
1. What is one feature of Eelume?
A．It can travel nearly 40 kilometers before recharging.B．It can dive as deep as 1000 meters.
C．It works mainly around the station.D．It works for 6 months on one charge.
2. What is the problem with unmanned vehicles?
A．They are too costly to maintain.
B．They are hard to operate remotely.
C．They require transportation to and from work.
D．They have to work on a fully crewed ship all the time.
3. What can be expected of Eelume in the future?
A．It will require no further tests.B．It will be worth around $ 7 billion.
C．It will be put on the market in 2027.D．It will possibly face some competitors.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A．A snake robot is on its way for underwater tasks.
B．Eelume is the new choice for constructing pipelines.
C．Maintenance work on the ocean floor is a risky job.
D．Unmanned vehicles are perfect choices for oil and gas industry.
文章大意：本文是说明文。

文章讲述了美国私人监狱里存在的混乱现象，包括强迫劳动、剥削、暴力、虐待和腐败。

15. In the recent nearly four decades, private prisons in the U.S. have been widely denounced and criticized by people from all walks of life for frequent scandals. Last year, UN human rights experts urged the U.S. to “eliminate all for-profit detention facilities”, saying that “detainees should not become units for profit,” according to an article published on the website of the UN.
In the 1980s, in an effort to ease the burdens on overcrowded public prisons, the U.S. government started to contract some companies to run private prisons and pay them for services. Over the past nearly 40 years, private prisons have expanded rapidly and formed a highly profitable industry and huge lobbying groups.
According to data released by the website of The Sentencing Project, a Washington-based advocacy group, in 2019, about 116,000 prisoners were held in private prisons in the U.S., representing 8 percent of the country’s total state and federal prison population. Meanwhile, more than 30 states were in partnership with companies running private prisons.
The primary goal of private prisons is to profit from anything they deal in. There’s often a prison bed occupancy guarantee clause in the contracts between U.S. federal, state, and local governments and private prison operators, which stipulates that the government should guarantee a certain occupancy rate in prison beds; and if failing to reach the rate, it will need to pay compensations to private prison operators.
A study conducted by the Washington State University found that private prisons lead to an average increase of 178 new prisoners per million population per year and longer sentences, especially in nonviolent crimes that have more leeway in sentencing guidelines, according to the study.
Private prison operators have made big gains from inmate services. According to reports of U.S. media, in 2020, CoreCivic generated $1.9 billion in revenue, 82.2 percent of which came from its private prison operations. In the same year, the revenue of the GEO group reached $2.3 billion.
Most private prisons in the U.S. are ill-equipped. They usually build their facilities to minimum standards required by contracts with governments,
in a bid to reduce operating costs. Besides, private prisons are often understaffed and correctional officers there are of varying quality. Furthermore, some private prisons connive in gangsters and bullies “maintaining” order in prisons.
Private prisons in the U.S. have turned prisoners into modern-day slaves. Inmates in private prisons are forced into high-intensity and long hours of work but are paid far less than the statutory minimum hourly wage in the country. Their basic human rights are hardly guaranteed.
American journalist Shane Bauer had been undercover as a prison guard at a private prison in Winnfield, Louisiana. He exposed chaotic phenomena in the prison, including forced labor, exploitation, violence, maltreatment, and corruption.
“A terrifying look into one of America’s darkest and deepest ongoing embarrassments,” commented well-known U.S. literary website Literary Hub on the book.
1. The initial purpose to set up private prisons was to________.
A．Provide the prisoners with worse condition to make them realize their fault.
B．Improve the congested situation in state-owned prisons.
C．Create huge profit for prison operating companies.
D．Respond to the request of UN human rights experts.
2. What is the purpose of Paragraph 4?
A．To illustrate the dark side of private prisons.
B．To criticize the injustice in American judiciary.
C．To explain how this system go evil.
D．To stress the inequality inside the prison.
3. The underlined word in Paragraph 8 probably means_______.
A．Legal
B．Appropriate
C．Theoretical
D．Required
4. We can learn from the passage that______.
A．Most of the prisoners are now locked up in private prisons.
B．The equipment in the private prisons failed to meet the federal standard.
C．The mafia-style governance exists in some private prisons.
D．Shane Bauer conveyed his regret for the US directly in his book.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。

文章讲述了一种通过探测人类的尖叫声来追踪目标的飞行器，以及这项技术在救援过程中是如何发挥作用的。

16. If someone created a flying machine capable of tracking you down by listening for your voice, you might be terrified. But what if you were trapped in ruins after a natural disaster and first responders couldn’t locate you? Maybe then a human-seeking drone (无人机) wouldn’t be such a terrible idea. That concept is the focus for engineers at German’s Fraunhofer FIE Institute, who’ve built a drone to find people by detecting (探测) human screams.
“The human-seeking drone would be ideal for post-disaster situations, such as earthquakes, hurricanes and wildfires”, said Macarena V arela, one of the lead engineers. “They could hover over an area that rescue crews have difficulty getting to and locate exactly where people may be trapped.”
Locating people by sound presents its share of challenges. An auditory (听觉的) system would need to distinguish human cries from sounds that often happen in nature, such as animal calls and wind. It might also need to recognize patterns associated with kicking, clapping or other ways people try to get the attention of rescue teams.
Engineers took those situations into account when building out their concept drone. They recorded themselves screaming, tapping and creating other noises that might be a sign of people in trouble. Then, they analyzed each sound frequency to find common signatures and used those to train artificial intelligence software. They also worked to remove the noise created by the drone and other environmental sounds.
Once the software part was complete, the team placed tiny digital microphones under the drone and used signal processing techniques that enabled them to track where human noises are coming from. The microphones also enhanced the volume and clarity of the speech. So far, they have conducted successful open field experiments, finding that the drone can estimate a victim’s location within a few seconds of picking up sound.
Next, they would like to add a higher frequency microphone to a drone to acquire more audio sound signals. The idea is to pick up noises from hundreds of meters away, Varela said. In the real world, victim's location data might one day be sent wirelessly to emergency crews carrying a tablet.
1. What can the auditory system do?
A．Recognize human cries.B．Pick up sounds from far away.
C．Send victim’s location data to a tablet.D．Improve the quality of human screams.
2. What does the underlined word “signatures” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Effects.B．Symbols.C．Features.D．Situations.
3. What is the advantage of the human-seeking drone?
A．Its high speed of flying.B．Its long working hours.
C．Its quick response to screams.D．Its easy access to disaster scene.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．AI Enables Drones to Give Better Performance
B．Human-seeking Drones Replace Rescue Crews
C．Rescuers Use Drones to Locate Disaster Survivors
D．Engineers Teach Drones to Hunt Human Screams
七、阅读理解
文章大意：本是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了几个睡前的好习惯。

17. When it comes to getting a good night’s sleep, various habits that we engage in before bedtime can have a significant impact on both the
quality as well as the quantity of your rest. 1
●Make your To-Do list for tomorrow
Try making a list of tasks you want to tackle the next day, especially if you find that worrying often keeps you awake. Writing a to-do list can not only help you be more productive the next day but can help establish peace of mind for you to sleep better. 2 .
●Practice gratitude journaling
3 . Making expressing gratitude a part of your routine can help you lead a healthy and happy life. The more you make an effort to notice the
things that you feel thankful for, the more you prepare yourself to just naturally feel grateful instead of having to work at it.
● 4
This will take no more than 5 minutes a day but can have a tremendous effect on your personal development. This helps you appreciate your achievements and shape a better tomorrow. Start by acknowledging one or two things you wish had gone better, and end your reflection by thinking of a few wins you had.
The first few nights, it will be a bit difficult for you to stick to your routine but stay determined. 5 Everybody has a different routine and here I’ve only included practices that I think you should most definitely include in yours.
A．Do some reading
B．Reflect on your day
C．Write down at least 3 things you’re thankful for each day.
D．If you’re disciplined, you will get on track with your routine.
E．A good night’s sleep is an essential condition for a productive day.
F．The following are some of the best evening habits before going to bed.
G．The next day all you’ve to do is make some essential changes to it and get to work!
八、语法填空
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了门基乐队是如何成立的，以及后来的乐队解散，到最后，乐队重新建立。

18. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

As a general rule, a band may start as a group of high-school students 1 (share) the same interest in music. They may first practise their music in someone’s house. And then the musicians may get the chance to give 2 (perform) in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid 3 cash. As time goes by, they gradually become known to the audience and some even make records!
The Monkees, 4 , started in a different way. Of 5 (it) four members, only one was good enough and the other three just pretended
6 (sing) during the broadcasts. To be honest, it couldn’t
7 (call) a real band in the beginning. Anyhow, they succeeded and became so
popular 8 their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them. 9 (fortunate), the Monkees broke up about 1970. But they reunited in the mid-1980s and produced a new record in 1996, 10 was to celebrate their former happy time.。