2750d航空材料规范标准

1. SCOPE:
.
1.1 This specification covers pyrometric requirements for thermal processing equipment used for heat treatment. It covers
temperature sensors, instrumentation, thermal processing equipment, system accuracy tests, and temperature
uniformity surveys. These are necessary to ensure that parts or raw materia l s are heat treated in accordance with the
applicable specificatio n s).
1.1 该规范包括了热处理所用设备的高温测量要求。

其中有温度传感器、测量仪器、热处理设备、系统精度检测和温度均匀
性检验方法，以确保零件或原材料的热处理符合相应规范。

1.2 This specification is not applicable to heating, or to intermediate thermal processing unless specifically referenced
by a material or process specification.
1.2 除非材料或工艺规范专门引用，本规范不适用于加热或中间热处理。

1.3 This specification applies to laboratory furnaces to the extent specified in 3.6.
2. APPLICABLE
1.3 该规范适用于3.6.2中所规定的实验室炉。

2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS:
2 适用文件
The issue of the fo l lowing documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document
issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cance l ed and no superseding document has been
specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply.
下述文件的有效版本从订货日期起构成本规范规定内容的一部分。

除非另有专门文件规定供应商可对文件进行随后的修
订版操作，当参照文件取消并无替代文件则应采用本文件的最新版本。

2.1 ASTM Publications:
2.1 美国材料试验学会出版物
Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
.
资料源于ASTM ，地址：100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA
网址：.
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> SAE international Croup AEROSPACE
MATERIAL
SPECIFICATION
航空材料规范
•SS -VS, AMS 2750D
Issued APR1980 Revised SEP 2005 Superseding AMS 2750C (R)
PYROMETRY 高温测量
echnicai Standards Board Ruies provide that: "This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user." wiews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comment s and suggestions. ght 2005 SAE International ' ' •
its reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, spying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.
ACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) '
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Leading Our World in Motion
Thermal EMF Test of Sing l e Thermoelement Materials by Comparison with a Reference Thermoelement of Similar EMF-Temperature Properties 通过与类似电动势－温度特性的基准热电元件对比进行单一热电元件热电动势测试。

Ca l ibration of Thermocouples by Comparison Techniques 用对比法校准热电偶 Standard Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force (EF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples 标准化热电偶的标准规范与温度-电动势表 Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Base Metal Thermocouples 无机物绝缘和金属护套的普通热电偶 Standard Specification for Thermocouple Connectors 热电偶接头的标准规范 Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis 数据显示与控制曲线分析图 Use of Thermocouples in Temperature Measurement 测温热电偶的使用
ASTM E 207
ASTM E 220
ASTM E 230
ASTM E608
ASTM E1129
ASTM MNL7
ASTM MNL 12
3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
3.技术要求
CONTENTS目录
Section段落Topic标题Page页码
3.1 Temperature Sensors温度传感器 (4)
3.1.1 General Sensor I nformation .通用传感器信息 (4)
3.1.1.1 Sensor Certificate of Compliance Requirements传感器合格证要求 (4)
3.1.1.2 Degrees to Millivolt Conversion温度与毫伏的转换 (4)
3.1.1.3 Thermocouple Calibration Requirements热电偶校准要求 (4)
3.1.1.4 Thermocouple Usage热电偶使用方法 (5)
3.1.1.5 Extension Wire补偿导线 (5)
3.1.1.6 Wire Rolls - Calibration Requirements. 金属丝卷盘校准要求 (5)
3.1.1.7 Wire Rol l s- Maximum A ll owab l e Length金属丝卷盘最大允许长度 (6)
3.1.1.8 Reuse of Type K and E thermocouples as Se c ondary Standards or SAT Sensors
二级基准器或传感器的K型和E型热电偶的重新使用 (6)
3.1.1.10 Expendable Base-Metal Test Thermocouple "U" Formula
消耗性普通检测.热电偶“U”公式 (6)
3.1.2 Reference Standard Sensors 基准标准器传感器 (6)
3.1.3 Primary Standard Sensors. 一级标准器传感器 (6)
3.1.4 Secondary Standard Sensors. 二级标准器传感器 (6)
3.1.5 Temperature Uniformity Survey Sensors . 温度均匀性检验传感器 (6)
3.1.6 System Accuracy Test Sensors 系统精度检测传感器 (7)
3.1.7 Control, Monitoring, and Recording Sensors 控制，监测以及记录传感器 (7)
3.1.8 Load Sensors 负载传感器...........................................;.......; (7)
3.2 Instrumentation 测量仪器...........i. (8)
3.2.4 Controlling, Monitoring or Recording i nstruments 控制，检测或记录仪表 (9)
3.2.5 Instrument Calibration (also see Table 3) ..仪表校验（见表3） (9)
3.2.6 Instrumentation Records 测量仪器记录 (10)
3.2.7 Eiectronic Records – Instrumentation 电子记录-测量仪器 (11)
3.3 Thermal Processing Equipment . 热处理设备.................................' (11)
3.3.1 Furnace Classes (also see Tables 6 and 7). 炉子等级（见表6和表7） (11)
3.3.1.1 Instrumentation Type A.. A型测量仪器 (12)
CONTENTS目录
Section段落Topic标题Page页码3.3.1.2 Instrumentation Type B B型测量仪器 (12)
3.3.1.3 Instrumentation Type C . C型测量仪器 (12)
3.3.1.4 Instrumentation Type D . D型测量仪器 (13)
3.3.1.5 Instrumentation Type E E型测量仪器 (13)
3.3.1.6.1 Instrumentation - Refrigeration Equipment 测量仪器-制冷装置 (13)
3.3.1.6.2 Instrumentation - Quench Systems 测量仪器-淬火设备 (13)
3.4 System Accuracy Tests (SAT's) 系统精度检测(SAT's) ........................... .. (13)
3.4.2 System Accuracy Test Frequency (also see Tables 6 and 7)
系统精度测试频率（见表6、7） (14)
3.4.3 System Accuracy Test Waiver 系统精度测试的终止 (14)
3.4.4 System Accuracy Test Procedure 系统精度检测程序 (15)
3.4.4.2.1 Resident Test Sensors 驻留检测传感器 (15)
3.4.4.8 Alternative System Accuracy Test Procedure 系统精度检测程序的更改 (18)
3.4.5 System Accuracy Test Instrumentation (a l so see Tab l es 1 and 3)
系统精度检测测量仪器（见表1、3） (18)
3.4.6 Records - System Accuracy Test 记录-系统精度检测 (18)
3.5 Furnace Temperature Uniformity Surveys (TUS) 炉温均匀性检验（TUS） (18)
3.5.2 Multiple Qualified Operating Temperature Ranges 多段合格工作温度范围 (19)
3.5.5 Initial TUS Temperatures 初始TUS温度 (20)
3.5.6 Periodic TUS Temperatures 周期性TUS温度 (20)
3.5.7 TUS Frequency (also see Tables 8 and 9) TUS频率（参见表8、9） (20)
3.5.8 Furnace Parameters During TUS TUS时炉子参数 (20)
3.5.9 Furnace Temperature at Insertion of TUS Sensors 插入TUS感应器时炉子的温度 (20)
3.5.10 Load Condition 负载状态 (21)
3.5.11 Furnace Atmosphere during TUS TUS时炉子气氛 (21)
3.5.12 Furnace Vacuum Level during TUS TUS时炉子真空度 (21)
3.5.13 Batch Furnaces, Salt Baths, Controlled Temperature Liquid Baths and
Fluidized Bed Furnaces 分批炉、盐浴炉、控温熔浴炉以及流化床炉 (21)
3.5.13.1 Number of TUS Sensors (also see Table 11) TUS传感器数量（见表11） (21)
3.5.13.2 Location of TUS Sensors TUS传感器位置 (21)
3.5.13.3 TUS Data Collection TUS数据采集 (22)
CONTENTS目录
Section段落Topic标题Page页码3.5.13.4 Alternative Probing Method for Salt Baths, Controlled Temperature Liquid Baths
And Fluidized Bed Furnaces 盐浴炉、控温熔浴炉以及流化床炉探测方法的改变 (23)
3.5.14 Continuous and Semi-continuous Furnaces 连续与半连续作业炉 (23)
3.5.14.1 Number and Location of TUS Sensors - Volumetric Method TUS数量与位置—体积法 (23)
3.5.14.2 Number of TUS Sensors - Plane Method TUS传感器数量-平面法 (23)
3.5.14.3 Location of TUS Sensors - Plane Method TUS传感器位置—平面法 (24)
3.5.14.4 TUS Data Collection TUS数据采集 (24)
3.5.15 Alternative TUS Methods For Continuous or Semi-continuous Furnaces or Furnaces
With Retorts or Muffles连续和半连续作业炉或带保护盒或马弗罐炉TUS方法的变更 (24)
3.5.15.1 Probing Method 探测方法 (25)
3.5.15.2 Property Surveys性能检验 (25)
3.5.16 TUS Sensor Failures TUS传感器故障 (25)
3.5.17 TUS Pass/Fai l Requirements TUS合格/不合格要求 (26)
3.5.18 Re l ocation of Hot or Cold Recording Sensors for Class A or C Instrumentation
A或C级测量仪表热或冷记录传感器的重新定位 (26)
3.5.19 TUS Fai l ures TUS故障...........................................................,...........:. (26)
3.5.20 TUS Instrumentation (also see Tab l es 1 and 3)TUS测量仪器（见表1、3） (27)
3.5.21 TUS Report TUS报告 (27)
3.5.22Prepublication TUS's 发布前的TUS (28)
3.5.23 Rad iation Surveys 辐射检验 (28)
3.6 Laboratory Fu maces 实验室炉 (28)
3.7 Records 记录 (29)
4.0 Quality Assurance Provisions 质量保证措施 (29)
Table 1表格一Sensors and Sensor Ca l ibration 传感器与传感器校验 (30)
Table 2表格二Thermocouples and Extension Wire 热电偶与补偿导线 (31)
Table 3表格三Instruments and Instrument Calibration 仪器与仪器校验 (32)
Table 4表格四Resolution Requirements for Furnace Chart Recorders炉子图表记录器的分辨率要求 (34)
Table 5表格五Process Recorder Print and Chart Speeds 工艺记录器打印与记录纸速度 (34)
Table 6表格六Parts Furnace Class, Instrument Type, and SAT Interva l 零件炉等级、仪表类型
和SAT周期 (35)
CONTENTS目录
Section段落Topic标题Page页码
Table 7 表格七Raw Materia l Furnace Class, Instrument Type, and SAT I nterval
原材料炉等级、仪表类型和SAT周期 (36)
Tab l e 8 表格八Parts Furnace Class, Instrument Type, and TUS I nterval
零件炉等级、仪表类型和TUS周期 (37)
Table 9表格九Raw Material Furnace Class, Instrument Type, and TUS I nterval
原材料炉等级、仪表类型TUS周期 (37)
Table 10表格十Permitted Calibration/Test Interval Extension 允许校验/检测周期的延长 (38)
Table 11表格十一Number of TUS sensors Required TUS传感器所取数量 (38)
8.1 Notes 注释 (39)
8.2 Definitions 定义 (39)
3.1 Temperature Sensors;
3.1 温度传感器
Temperature sensors shall comply with Table 1 and the following requirements. Exclusions for spe c ific applications shall be as listed in the followin g paragraphs.
温度传感器应符合表1和下述要求。

除特殊应用外应列入以下各节。

3.1.1 Temperature shall be measured by the thermocouples specified herein, or by other ' thermocouples or temperature
sensors that possess equal or better accuracy (maximum ..permitted error). Thermocouples may be made either from bare or coated wire or MIMS '(mineral insulated, metal sheathed) cable. Unless specifically noted, requirements apply to all ' temperature sensor materiais. "Sensor" as used in this specification is identical with "temperature sensor".
Correction factors for sensors derived from their initial or subsequent calibration may be used to improve temperature accuracy and shall be used when required by this specification.
3.1.1 用本规范所规定的热电偶，或具有同等或更高精确度（最大容许误差）的其它热电偶或传感器来测量温度。

热电偶
可以由裸金属丝或带镀层的金属丝或MIMS（无机物绝缘、金属护套）铠装管。

除非特殊注明，以上要求适用于所有温度传感器材料。

本规范所使用的“传感器”名称与“温度传感器”同义。

从传感器的初始或随后校验中所得到的修正值可用来校准温度精确度，当本规范需要时，则应采用该修正值。

3.1.1.1 Calibration: Sensors shall have a certificate of compliance that identifies the source of the calibration data, nominal
test temperature, actual test temperature readings, calibration technique, and correction factor for each calibration temperature traceable to NIST or other recognized National Standard. Calibration te c hnique shall comply with ASTM
E 220, ASTM E 207, or other national standard.
3.1.1.1 校验：传感器应有一个合格证。

该合格证必需标明其校验数据来源、额定检测温度、实际检测温度读数、校验方法
以及按NIST或其他公认的国家标准要求的每个校验温度的修正值。

校验方法应符合ASTM E 220 ，ASTM E 207或其他国家标准。

3.1.1.2 Conversion from millivolts to degrees or degrees to millivolts shall be in accordance with ASTM E 230 or other
national standard.
3.1.1.2 由毫伏值换算成温度值或由温度值换算成毫伏值应符合ASTM E 230或其他国家标准。

3.1.1.3 Temperature sensors sha ll be calibrated in the temperature range within which they are to be used. Calibration
intervals shall not exceed 250 °F (140 °C) for a l l thermocouples, except those that are calibrated at fixed points in accordance with ASTM MNL 12 or other national standard. Recalibration after use above 500 °F (260 °C) of Type K and Type E thermocouples is prohibited. Extrapolation of calibration correction factors above the highest
calibration temperature and below the lowest calibration temperature is prohibited.
3.1.1.3温度传感器应在使用的温度范围内进行校验。

所有热电偶的校验间隔应不超过250 ºF (140 ºC) ，根据ASTM MNL 12
或其他国家标准规定进行定点校验的除外。

对K型和E型热电偶在高于500 ºF (260 ºC)使用后不允许再次校验。

不允许在高于最高校验温度和低于最低校验温度的情况下外推校验修正值。

3.1.1.4 Thermocouples and Their Usage: Thermocouples should only be used within the ranges listed in ASTM MNL 12
Tab l e 3.1 (Recommended Upper Temperature Limits for Protected Thermocouples) or 3.5 (Recommended Upper Temperature Limits for Protected Thermoelements), MNL 12ASTM E 230 Table 6 (Suggested Upper Temperature Limits for Protected Thermocouples), ASTM E 608 Table 1 (Suggested Upper Temperature Limits for Sheathed
Thermocouples), or other national standard and the sensor supplier. Use of thermocouples not conforming to these recommendations sha l l be based upon calibration and recalibration intervals required in Table 1 of this document. 3.1.1.4 热电偶及其使用方法: 热电偶只能在ASTM MNL 12 表3.1 （铠装热电偶推荐的温度上限）；或3.5（铠装热电偶推荐
的温度上限）；ASTM E 230 表6（铠装热电偶推荐的温度上限）；ASTM E 608 表1（铠装热电偶推荐的温度上限）；
或其他国家标准与传感器供应商列出的范围内使用。

若热电偶的使用与这些推荐不符，则应按本规范表1要求的校验和重新校验周期进行。

3.1.1.
4.1 Thermocouple calibration intervals specified herein, whether based on time, number of uses, or temperature are
the maximums permitted. However, compliance with these intervals does not relieve the user of the responsibility
for ensuring that excessive drift has not occurred under the particular conditions (environment, time, and
temperature) of exposure. Users shall have supporting data such as, but not limited to, SAT, TUS, and
re-calibration data and written procedures contro ll ing the replacement of sensors including limits on maximum life
and/or number of uses, as applicable.
3.1.1.
4.1 此处规定的热电偶校验周期，不管是基于时间、使用次数或温度，都是最大允许值。

但是，符合这些周期要求并不减
轻有责任的使用者，确保在出现特殊情况下（环境、时间与温度）不发生过度的偏差。

使用者应有基础数据（但并不限与此），如：SAT、TUS、重新校验数据和控制传感器更换的书面程序，其中包括，使用寿命极限和/或使用数量。

3.1.1.5 Extension wire in new installations (one year after the issue of this revision) sha l l conform to ASTM E 230 or-nationai
equivalent. Extension wire shall not be spliced. Connectors, plugs, jacks and terminal strips are permitted if they are the compatible type, i.e. they have thermoe l ectric properties conforming to the characteristics of the corresponding thermocouple type - ASTM E 1129 may be used as a guide for round-pin connectors. Thermocouple composition
and extension wire requirements are shown in Table 2.
3.1.1.5 新安装的补偿导线（本修订版发行一年之后）应符合ASTM 230或相关国家标准。

不能绞接补偿导线。

若接头、插头、
插孔和终端接线条相互兼容，即它们具有相关类型热电偶特征的热电偶性能，则允许使用。

ASTM E 1129可作为圆销接头的指导标准。

热电偶结构与补偿导线之要求参见表2。

3.1.1.6 Thermocouples made from calibrated rolls may be used in lieu of individua l ly calibrated thermocouples. Rolls up to'
1000 feet (305 meters) in length may be sampled at one end;rolls over 1000 feet shall be samp l ed at both ends of the roll (see 3.1.1.1). Use the average correction factor calculated from both ends of the roll if the individual
correction factors from each end are within acceptab l e l i mits of Table 1.
3.1.1.6 用经校验的卷盘热电偶可用于取代单个校验过的热电偶。

对长达1000英尺（305米）的卷盘应在其任何一端进行取样；
若超过该尺寸，则应在两端取样（见3.1.1.1）。

若两端的单独校正系数在表1的许可范围内，则采用两端的平均校正参数。

3.1.1.6.1 The roll calibration method shal l not be used for rolls over 1000 feet (305 meters) if the difference between the
highest and lowest calibration readings of the sample thermocouples at any ca l ibration temperature exceeds the
requirements in 3.1.1.6.2 or 3.1.1.6.3, as app l icable.
3.1.1.6.1 若取样热电偶在任何校验温度下的最高和最低校正读数之间的差值大于3.1.1.6.2.和3.1.1.6.3中的要求，卷盘校验方法则
不能用于超过305米的卷盘。

3.1.1.6.2 1 °F (0.6 °C) for primary and secondary standard thermocoup l es.
3.1.1.6.2.一级和二级标准热电偶为1ºF (0.6ºC)。

3.1.1.6.3 2 °F (1.1 °C) for system accuracy test, temperature uniformity test, controlling, monitoring, recording, and load
thermocouples.
3.1.1.6.3 系统精度检测、温度均匀性检验、控制、监测、记录和负载热电偶为2ºF (1.1ºC)。

3.1.1.6.4 For rolls not meeting 3.1.1.6.2 or 3.1.1.6.3:
3.1.1.6.4 不满足3.1.1.6.2 或3.1.1.6.3之卷盘
3.1.1.6.
4.1 It is permissible to divide the roll into shorter length rolls that do meet the end to end tolerance specified in
3.1.1.6.2 or 3.1.1.6.3.
3.1.1.6.
4.1 允许将卷盘分割成短卷盘，使其符合3.1.1.6.2与3.1.1.6.3中规定的误差值。

3.1.1.6.
4.2 It is permissible to use individual thermocouples from the roll if they are calibrated in accordance with Table 1. 3.1.1.6.4.2从卷盘中截取的单个热电偶按表1进行校验后可以使用。

3.1.1.7 The maximum amount of wire/cable in a roll at the time of calibration shall be as follows: •
3.1.1.7 在校验时卷盘中金属丝/铠装管的最大长度按如下规定：
Primary Standard Sensors ———————— 200 feet ( 60 meters)
一级标准器传感器————————2000英尺（60米）
Other Noble Metal Sensors ———————— 2000 feet ( 610 meters)
其他贵重金属传感器————————2000英尺（610米）
Base Meta l Secondary Standard Sensors — 2000 feet ( 610 meters) All Other Base
普通金属二级标准器传感器———————— 2000 feet ( 610 meters)
Metal Sensors —————— 5000 feet (1525 meters)
金属传感器———————— 5000 feet ( 1525meters)
3.1.1.8 For reuse of Types K and E thermo c ouples above 500 °F (260 °C) depth of insertion shall be equal to, or greater
than, depth of insertion of any previous use.
3.1.1.8 对于500 ºF (260 ºC)以上重新使用的K型和E型热电偶，其插入深度应等于或大于以前使用的插入深度。

3.1.1.9 Reuse of any thermocouple is prohibited unless the insulation remains intact and wires including the hot junction are
not damaged. The salvage of damaged thermocouples is permitted if the discrepant portion [including the portion exposed above 500 °F (260°C) for Types K and E thermocoup l es] is trimmed off, the hot junction remade and the thermocouple recalibrated. If the salvaged thermocouple originated from a ca l ibrated wire roll, the origina l roll
calibration may be used in lieu of recalibration. The number of uses prior to salvage shall be included in the total
number of uses of the thermocouple.
3.1.1.9 任何热电偶如果其绝缘物和包括热端在内的金属丝受损，则不允许再使用。

对于受损的热电偶，如果将其受损部分（包
括K和E型热电偶曾在500ºF (260ºC)以上使用过的部分）修剪掉，并且重新做热端，重新校验，则允许修复后使用。

如果经修复的热电偶来自校验过的卷盘偶丝，则原始卷盘的校验值可替代重新校验，其修复前的使用次数应记入该热电偶的总使用次数。

3.1.1.10 Recalibration of any expendable base metal test thermocouples (SAT orTUS) is prohibited.
Reuse is permitted so long as "U" in the fo l lowing formula does not exceed 30. A "use" for "< test
thermocouples is defined as one cycle of heating and coo l ing the thermocouple.
U =Number of uses below 1200 °F (650 °C) +2 times number of uses between 1200 °F (650 °C) and 1800 °F (980 °C). Expendable base metal test thermocouples sha l l be limited to a single use above
1800 °F (980 °C).
3.1.1.10 任何损耗性普通检测热电偶（系统精度校验或温度均与性校验）不允许重新校验使用。

只要下述公式中U不超
过30，则允许重复使用。

检测热电偶的“使用”被定义为热电偶加热和冷却的一个循环过程。

U= 1200 ºF (650 ºC)以下使用次数＋1200 ºF (650 ºC)到1800 ºF (980 ºC)之间使用次数³2。

消耗性普通检测热电偶在1800 ºF (980 ºC)以上仅限一次性使用。

3.1.1.11 Recalibration of nonexpendable base metal Type E and K thermocouples used below
500 °F (260 °C), Type J, Type N, and al l noble metal thermocouples (SAT or TUS) shall be in accordance with Table
1.
3.1.1.11 对于在500 ºF (260 ºC)以下使用的非消耗性普通E和K型热电偶、J和N型、以及所有贵金属热电偶（系统精度校验或温
度均与性校验），其重新校验应符合表1要求。

3.1.2 Reference standard sensors shall comp l y with Table 1.
3.1.2标准传感器应符合表1要求。

3.1.2.1 The reference standard sensor together with a primary standard instrument shall be used to calibrate primary
standard sensors.
3.1.2.1应使用标准传感器和一级检测仪器合在一起进行一级感器校验。

3.1.3 Primary standard sensors shall comply with Table 1.
3.1.3一级传感器应符合表1要求。

3.1.3.1 A primary standard sensor together with a primary standard instrument shall be used to calibrate secondary
standard sensors.
3.1.3.1 应使用一级传感器和一级检测仪器组合在一起进行二级感器校验。

3.1.4 Secondary standard sensors shall comply with Tab l e 1.
3.1.4二级传感器应符合表1要求。

3.1.
4.1 Use sha l l be limited to ca l ibration of temperature uniformity, system accuracy, controlling, monitoring,
recording, and load sensors.
3.1.
4.1 其限用于温度均匀性，系统精度，控制，监测、记录以及负载传感器的校验。

3.1.5 Temperature uniformity survey sensors shall comp l y with Table 1.
3.1.5用于温度均匀性检测的传感器应符合表1要求。

3.1.5.1 Ca l ibration of temperature uniformity survey sensors shall have been performed with a primary or se c ondary
standard instrument against a primary or secondary standard sensor in accordance with Table 1 except as specified in 3.1.5.2. See 3.1.1.8 and 3.1.1.9 for limits on reuse of thermocouples. Recalibration of Types K and E
thermocouples that have been exposed to temperatures above 500 °F (260 °C) is prohibited.
3.1.5.1 温度均匀性检验用传感器的校验应使用符合表1的一级或二级检测仪器与一级或二级传感器来完成。

但3.1.5.2.中所述情
况除外。

参见3.1.1.8与3.1.1.9中的热电偶重复使用限制。

已在高于500 ºF (260 ºC)以上温度使用的K、E型热电偶不允许重校。

3.1.5.2 Expendable base metal TUS thermocouples that are (1) used exc l usively under 1200 °F(650 °C), (2) identified, and
(3) preserved/prote c ted from damage (i.e., crimping, excessive moisture contact, corrosion, etc.) between tests or
remain installed on a rack that is protected between tests, may be reused subject only to the limitations of 3.1.1.9 and 3.1,1.10. Nonexpendable base meta l TUS thermocouples installed on racks and used exclusively under 1200 °F (650 "C) shal l be limited to no more than 90 uses or 3 years, whichever comes first.
3.1.5.2损耗性普通金属温度均匀性检测热电偶，（1）仅使用于1200 ºF(650 ºC)以下温度的；（2）已鉴定过的：（3）在检测
间或在检测之间存放于保护好测温支架子上，而未损坏的（即，皱折，过潮、腐蚀等），可以再次使用，仅受3.1.1.9与3.1.1.10制约。

安装在测温支架上并仅使用于1200 ºF(650 ºC)以下温度的非损耗性普通金属温度均匀性检测热电偶，其使用应限于90次或3年，以先到者为准。

3.1.6 System accuracy test sensors sha ll comply with Table 1.
3.1.6 系统精度检测传感器应符合表1要求。

3.1.6.1 Calibration of SAT sensors shall'have been performed with a primary or secondary standard instrument against a
primary or secondary standard sensor in accordance with Table 1. See 3.1.1.8, 3.1.1.9, and 3.1.1.10 for limits on reuse of thermocouples. Recalibration of Types K and E thermocouples that have been exposed to temperatures above 500 °F (260 °C) is prohibited.
3.1.6.1 系统精度检测传感器的校验应使用符合表1的一级或二级检测仪器与一级或二级传感器来完成。

热电偶重复使用的限制
参见3.1.1.8, 3.1.1.9与3.1.1.10。

已在高于500 ºF (260 ºC)以上温度使用过的K、E型热电偶不允许重校。

3.1.7 Control, monitoring, and recording sensors shall compj.y.with Table 1.. Expendable thermocoup l es may
be used, subject to the limitations of 3.1.1.9 and 3.1.1.10.
3.1.7 控制、监测与记录传感器应符合表1要求。

根据3.1.1.9与3.1.1.10限定下，可采用损耗性热电偶。

3.1.7.1 Controlling, monitoring, and recording sensors shall be installed in thermal processingequipment within the work
zone, or as c lose as possible, for contro l ling and/or monitoring of temperature, in conjunction with controlling and/or monitoring instruments.
3.1.7.1为了控制和/或监测温度，控制、监测和记录传感器应安装于热处理设备中的工作区内或尽可能靠近有效工作区，并与
控制或监测仪表连接在一起。

3.1.7.2 When a Load Sensor is used as a Control Sensor:
3.1.7.2 将负载传感器用作控制感应器时:
3.1.7.3 Ca l ibration sha l l have been performed before use. Reca l ibration of base metal load thermocouples is
prohibited (see 3.1.8.3).
3.1.7.3 使用前需完成校验。

不允许对普通负载热电偶进行重校。

（见3.1.8.3）
3.1.7.4 Expendable thermocouples, when used as a control sensor are limited to one use.
3.1.7.4 损耗性热电偶，如果用作控制传感器时只允许使用一次。

3.1.7.5 Nonexpendable load thermocouples may be used to contro l temperature, subject to the limitations of 3.1.8.
3.1.7.5 非损耗性负载热电偶可用于控制温度，受限于3.1.8。

3.1.8 Load sensors shall comply with Table 1.
3.1.8 负载热电偶应符合表1。

3.1.8.1 Load sensors, used for measurement of temperature of parts, simulated parts, or raw material, shall be in
contact with or buried in the load during thermal processing.
3.1.8.1 用于测量零件、样件或原材料温度的负载热电偶，在热处理过程中应置于有效工作区内。

3.1.8.2 Load sensors may be used as contro l sensors in accordance with 3.1.7.2. When a load sensor is used as a control
sensor, no control, monitoring, or recording sensor shall exceed the maximum allowed processing temperature.
3.1.8.2 负载传感器可按3.1.7.2规定用做控制传感器。

当负载传感器用作控制传感器时，控制、监测、记录传感器不应超过允许
的最高处理温度。

3.1.8.3 Recalibration of base metal load thermocouples is prohibited. Recalibration frequency of • noble metal
thermocouples shall be every six months after first use.
3.1.8.3 普通负载热电偶不允许重校。

贵金属热电偶的重校周期在首次使用之后为每六个月一次。

3.1.8.4 Expendable base metal load thermocouples may be used up to 30 times when used at or be l ow 1200 °F (650 °C)
provided the requirements of section 3.1.1.9 are satisfied; they are limited to one use above 1200 °F (650 °C).
Nonexpendable base metal l oad thermocouples may be used as specified in 3.1.8.5.
3.1.8.4 损耗性普通负载热电偶若满足3.1.1.9规定之要求，在1200 ºF (650 ºC)温度或该温度之下的使用次数可达30次，高于1200
ºF (650 ºC)温度的只能1次。

对非损耗性普通负载热电偶则可按3.1.8.5之规定使用。

3.1.8.5 The life of nonexpendable base metal load thermocouples shall be determined by the operating te m perature(s).
Records shall be maintained of the accumulated thermocoup l e use (furnace l oad cycle). Maximum number of uses or maximum elapsed usage time, whichever occurs first, shall be as fol l ows:
3.1.8.5 非损耗性普通负载热电偶的使用寿命应由工作温度来确定。

应保留热电偶的累加使用（炉子工作次数）记录。

最多使
用次数或最长使用时间，从首次使用开始计算，应符合下列要求：
2300 °F (1260 °C) and above 1 use
≥2300 °F (1260 °C) 1次
2200 °F (1205 °C) to 2299 °F (1260 °C) 10 use s
2200 °F (1205 °C) ---2299 °F (1260 °C)之间10次
1801 °F (980 °C) to 2199 °F (1205 °C) 30 days or 90 uses
1801 °F (980 °C) ---- 2199 °F (1205 °C 30天或90次
1200 °F (650 °C) to 1800 °F (980 °C) 90 days or 180 uses
1200 °F (650 °C) ---- 1800 °F (980 °C 90天或180次
Be l ow 1200 °F (650 °C) 90 days or 270 uses
1200 °F (650 °C)以下90天或270次
When used in multiple ranges, the shortest frequency or usage shall app l y. Replacement of "; a load
sensor earlier than the required SAT frequency satisfies the SAT requirement for the load sensor.
若在多范围内使用，则应取最短周期或使用次数。

早于系统精度校验周期要求提前更换负载传感器应满足
系统精度校验对传感器的要求。

Example 1:
例1:
• A sensor with 9 uses at 2250 °F has only one more use allowed in the 2200-2299 °F range or any lower operating range.
• 在2250 ºF温度下使用9次的一个传感器，仅仅还有一次能在2200-2299 ºF或更低工作温度范围内使用。

• No uses remain at 2300 °F or above.
• 在2250 ºF或更高温度时，则不能使用。

Example 2:
例2：
• A sensor with 50 uses between 1400-1600 °F is then used at 1820 °F.
•一个传感器在1400-1600 ºF之间使用50次，然后在1820 ºF使用。

• It has a l ready exceeded the use limits for all ranges above 2199 °F.
•它已超出2199 ºF以上温度的使用极限范围，该温度范围不能再使用
• It is now subject to the 90 use limit as it has been used in a higher temperature range.
•当它使用于较高温度范围时（译者注：1801 ºF - 2199 ºF)，则受到使用90 次的限制。

Example 3:
例3：
• A sensor with 50 uses between 1400-1600 °F is then used at 1015 °F.
• 在1400-1600 ºF之间使用50次的一个传感器，然后在1015 ºF使用。

• It has already exceeded the use limits for all ranges above 2199 °F.
•它已超出2199 ºF以上温度的使用极限范围，该温度范围不能再使用
• It is subject to a 180 use limit as it has been used in the 1200-1800 °F temperature range.
•若在1200-1800 ºF温度范围内使用，则受到使用180次的限制。

3.2 Instrumentation (See Tab l es 3, 4, and 5);
3.2 测量仪器（参见表3、4和表5）
Output of sensors shall be converted to temperature readings by instruments specified herein or instruments of equal or greater accuracy. I nstruments shall be calibrated by NIST or an equivalent national standards organization, or against standards whose calibration is traceable to NIST or other recognized national equivalen t s) according to Tab l e 3.
传感器的输出应通过本文规定的仪表、或同等精度以及更高精度的仪表来将其转为温度读数。

仪表应按照NIST或同等国家标准机构，或其校验方法符合照NIST或同等国家标准机构要求的相应标准进行校验，且应符合表3要求。

3.2.1 Users shall review all instrument requirements in AMS 2750D as not all instruments approved for use in AMS 2750C
will meet the requirements of this revision.
3.2.1 并非所有按AMS 2750C被认可使用的的仪表都满足本修订版的要求，使用者应按AMS 2750D的要求重新对仪表进行确认。

3.2.2 The fo l lowing requirements (3.2.2.1 and 3.2.2.2) apply to contro l, monitoring, or recording instruments purchased one
year after the issue date of AMS 2750D. Control, monitoring, or recording instruments purchased prior to one year after the publication of AMS 2750D may meet the requirements of AMS 2750C.
3.2.2 以下要求（3.2.2.1和3.2.2.2）适用于AMS 2750D发布一年后购买的控制、监测或记录仪表。

在AMS 2750D发布后不到一
年之前购买的控制、监测或记录仪表满足AMS 2750C的要求即可。

3.2.2.1 Temperature resolution requirements for furnace chart recorders shal l be in accordance with Table
4.
3.2.2.1 炉子图表记录器的温度分辨率应符合表4。

3.2.2.2 Process Recorder Print and Chart Speeds shal l be in accordance with Tab l e 5.
3.2.2.2 过程记录仪打印和记录纸速度应符合表5。

3.2.3 Test instruments shall be digital and have a minimum readability of 1 °F or 1 °C.
3.2.3 检测仪表应是数字式的，最小可读值为1 °F or 1 °C.
3.2.4 Controlling, Monitoring, or Recording 'Instruments:
3.2.4 控制，监测或记录仪表
3.2.
4.1 At least one recording and/or controlling instrument for each zone shal l have a minimum readability of 1 °F or 1 °C. 3.2.4.1 每个区域至少配一台记录或控制仪表，最小可读值为1 °F or 1 °C.
3.2.
4.2 Installation of control l ing, monitoring or recording instruments sha l l conform to the manufacturer's recommendations.
3.2.
4.2 控制、监测或记录仪表的安装应符合生产厂商的规定。