2020-2021学年广州市黄浦区宏岗学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案

2020-2021学年广州市黄浦区宏岗学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
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1. What is the annual fee for subscription?
A. $32. 3.
B. $39. 9.
C. $40.
D. $47. 9.
2. Which of the following words best describes the content inReader's Digest?
A. Touching and amusing.
B. Inspiring and practical.
C. Amazing and entertaining.
D. Educational and theoretical.
3. If you subscribe toReader’s Digest, you can ________.
A. have as many issues as possible every year
B. renew your subscription at the original rate
C. get back your money for the issues not mailed
D. obtain all the past issues online anytime, anywhere
B
We are in lack of enough sleep, according to Arianna Huffington, the co-founder and editor-in-chief of The Huffington Post. And thishas great consequences on our health, our job performance, our relationships and our happiness. What is needed, she ly declares, is nothing short of a sleep revolution. Only by renewing our relationship with sleep can we take back control of our lives.
In her bestseller Thrive, Arianna wrote about our need to redefine success through wellbeing, wisdom, wonder, and giving. Her discussion of the importance of sleep as a gateway to this more fulfilling way of living struck such a powerful chord (弦) that she realized the mystery and transformative power of sleep called for a fuller investigation (调查).
The result is a scientifically sweeping and personal exploration of sleep from all angles, from the history of sleep, to the role of dreams in our lives, to the consequences of sleep deprivation (剥夺), and the new golden age of sleep science that is showing the vital role sleep plays in our every waking moment and every aspect of our health — from weight gain, diabetes, and heart disease to cancer and Alzheimer’s.
In The Sleep Revolution, Arianna shows how our cultural removal of sleep as time wasted damages our health and our decision-making and our work lives and shortens our personal lives. She explores all the latest science on what exactly is going on while we sleep and dream. She decides the dangerous sleeping pill industry, and all the ways of our addiction to technology disturb our sleep. She also offers a range of recommendations and tips from leading scientists on how we can get better and more restorative sleep.
In today’s fast-paced, always-connected and sleep-deprived world, our need for a good night’s sleep is more important than ever. The Sleep Revolution both sounds the alarm on our worldwide sleep crisis and provides a detailed road map to the great sleep awakening that can help transform our lives, our communities, and our world.
4. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The importance of sleep.
B. The necessity of improving sleep.
C. The way to improve our sleep.
D. The effect of sleep on health.
5. What can be inferred about Arianna’s attitude to success?
A. She thinks good sleep is more important.
B. She doesn’t think much of becoming successful.
C. She thinks it wrong to sacrifice health to success.
D. She is concerned about the nature of success.
6. What can be said about Arianna’s investigation?
A. It is really of great value.
B. It is scientific and historical.
C. It costs Arianna’s sleep in practice.
D. It covers all necessary aspects scientifically,
7. What influence does TheSleep Revolution have on society?
A. It helps to slow down the pace of modern life.
B. It warns people against taking sleeping pills.
C. It warns the harm of inadequate sleep of people.
D. It helps to stress the value of sleep to success.
C
Some years ago a young man applied to a large United States optical firm for a job as a lens designer. He apologized for lack of training, but on announcing that he owned two copies of the classic Conrady's Applied Optics and Optical Design, one for his office and a second for his bedside table, he was hired on the spot. Perhaps the story will be repeated some day with Buchdahl's Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics as a similar certificate of qualification.
Hamiltonian theory describes with powerful generality the overall properties of optical systems considered as ‘black boxes’, although it does not describe the detailed structure needed to construct the systems and achieve these properties. Buchdahl's book is therefore on the subject of geometrical optics, but it is not about how to design lenses. It is, however a compact comprehensive account of the fundamentals of the theory written with the lens designer's needs very much in mind. Every lens designer worth his salt has at some time in his career attempted to apply the broad concepts of Hamiltonian optics to the solutions of practical problems. Success has been sufficiently rare that the theory, as such, has made little direct contribution to techniques for optical instrument design. The failures have been frustrating because of the obvious fundamental power of the theory and because of its conceptual elegance. The indirect effects have been large, however, both in contributing to an understanding of fundamental principles that govern the overall behavior of optical systems and in pointing the way to other, more practical, theoretical approaches.
Buchdahl approaches the subject not only as a capable mathematical physicist, but as one who with a knowledge of practical optics has made a significant contribution to geometrical optical theory. Buchdahl's
approach has, over the last decade, had a major impact on modern lens design with computers. Thus, he brings to this exposition of Hamiltonian optics a familiarity with practical optics not usually found in authors on this subject.
The author claims his book to be non-mathematical, and indeed it might be so viewed by a professional mathematician. From the point of view of many physicists and engineers, it will appear to be quite mathematical. Moreover, this is a tightly written book. The subject matter is developed with precision, and the author expects the reader, at very point, to be master of the preceding exposition.
8. Hamiltonian theory met with failures as a result of ______.
A. newer finding related to the wave particle nature of light
B. very complicated concepts too difficult to understand by most lens designers
C. too much mathematical detail in the theory
D. not enough practical information offered by the theory to allow for use by lens crafters
9. The author of this passage implies that Introduction to Hamiltonian Optics is necessary to ______.
A. the students who are major in mathematical geometry
B. those who want to grasp the basic principles of optical systems
C. the lens designers who look for instructions on practical designs
D. those who are interested in physics
10. The article points out that the great benefits of Hamiltonian optics have been found is ______.
A. indirect ways of learning mathematics
B. a fundamental power within the theory
C. the conceptual elegance of the theory
D. the practical applications of the theory in finding new approaches to old problems
11. This passage is probably excerpted from ______.
A. a review of a book
B. a chemistry textbook
C. an optician's essay
D. a general science text
D
One-year-old Tallulah turned purple and stopped moving after the sweet became stuck in her throat. Her mum Leigh-Anne said the drama began during a visit to her grandma’s house when her grandparents gave her older kids some sweets.
“Then at about 4:45 pm, Tallulah started to choke—we all went into a panic.”
“It seemed like it went on for ages. Not one of us knew what to do.”
“I rang an ambulance while my grandma and granddad tried to get the sweet to come up.”
“Tallulah was panicking at first but then she started to go purple—she almost had no oxygen left in her.”
With her daughter limp (无力的) and time running out, Leigh—Anne knew she couldn’t afford to wait for the ambulance to arrive.
“The only thing I could think was to go out into the street.” She said.
“I rushed out and screamed for someone to help while my grandma rushed out crying with Tallulah.”
At exactly the moment, Caitlin, who is studying public services atRedcarCollege, was passing byQueen Street. She said, “I was waiting to go to work when I heard someone screaming for help, so I ran straight over.”
The 17-year-old girl added, “Something just clicked and I went into auto mode. The little girl was completely limp, so I checked her airways and tilted (使倾斜) her over and started hitting her back. I turned her round and tapped on her chest, then after what felt like forever she coughed up the sweet and spat it out.
As soon as she started crying I felt a huge relief. I was just so pleased I was able to help.”
Caitlin was taught her lifesaving skills when she joined the Army Cadets four years ago.
12. When did Tallulah get choked?
A. While eating sweets.
B. While enjoying a drama.
C. While having a meal.
D. While taking some medicine.
13. Why did the family go out into the street?
A. To buy some needed tools.
B. To search for timely help.
C. To get a breath of fresh air.
D. To wait for the ambulance to arrive.
14. Which of the following can best describe Caitlin?
A. Brave and selfless.
B. Kind and energetic.
C. Determined and generous.
D. Quick-thinking and helpful.
15. What may be the best title for the text?
A. First aid skill sounds important.
B. Screaming for help makes sense.
C. Eating sweets endangers baby girl.
D. Heroic teenager saves baby girl’s life.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项When you think about college and the experiences you’ll have there, you probably think about learning and growing.___16___
Some researchers suggest students who make friends at college are more likely to be successful in their
study.___17___Humans are social creatures and when you have someone who can encourage you，you will be better prepared to face the challenge of higher education.
Friendship is important for everyone. But when you go through college,you not only increase your knowledge, but you try to get along with others. When you apply for a job after graduation, you will be asked questions about your skills and knowledge.___18___What does all of this have to do with friendships? Learning to get along with people and work well with them takes many forms, and one of them is friendship.
___19___These students can form study groups, discuss ideas for projects, and celebrate victories and good grades. When you need to talk to someone, your classmates must be the best.
It doesn’t sound very friendly to talk about friendships in terms of what someone can gain from them. But the very nature of the relationship is reciprocal（互惠的）. While a person is providing you with the support and strength you need, you have to be providing this back to them.___20___
A. Friendship is a two-way street.
B. That help can come in the form of friendships.
C. You might wonder why,but the answer is very clear.
D. You’ll also be asked how well you work with a team.
E. You should also think about the friendship you’ll form.
F. Your friends help you interact with people all around you.
G. Students can get a lot by being friends with their classmates.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I was standing in the checkout line behind a young woman. When it was her____21____today, the cashier called her name and asked her how she was going. It looked as if they were____22____with each other.
The woman looked____23____and said, "Not so good. My husband has just____24____his job and has nothing to do at home. My son is up to his old____25____again and often makes trouble at school. I don't know how to____26____the difficult time.” Then she paid for her food.
I was____27____to hear that. I wanted to help but didn't know how. Should I____28____some cash for her or find a job for her husband? The woman left the store before I could do anything.
When I returned to the parking lot, I____29____the woman at a distance, and I remembered something that could help her in a different but hopefully____30____way. Then I said, “Excuse me? I'm so sorry that I heard something____31____you said to the cashier____32____. I'd like to give you something.” I handed her
a(n)____33____.
When she opened it and read the only two____34____in the letter, she began to cry. Then she smiled through____35____,“You have no idea how much this means to me.”
All I could think to____36____was, “Would it be OK to give you a(n)____37____?” She agreed. After we hugged, I walked back to my car and began to____38____too. Do you know the words in the letter? “You Matter.”
I think telling other people that they matter also matters. We starve for____39____but feel more helpless than ever.____40____, we are always needed by each other.
21. A. habit B. turn C. idea D. joy
22. A. familiar B. pleased C. impatient D. satisfied
23. A. powerful B. modest C. sad D. foolish
24. A. determined B. supported C. balanced D. lost
25. A. responsibility B. tricks C. promise D. expectations
26. A. set down B. refer to C. account for D. get through
27. A. relieved B. sorry C. entertained D. curious
28. A. provide B. print C. pick D. pay
29. A. reminded B. appreciated C. rescued D. spotted
30. A. strange B. thankful C. beneficial D. fortunate
31. A. unhappy B. impossible C. sick D. confusing
32. A. in the distance B. by all means C. in fun D. by chance
33. A. device B. medal C. envelope D. advertisement
34. A. stories B. notes C. words D. sentences
35. A. tears B. manners C. signals D. cheers
36. A. apologize B. respond C. defend D. suffer
37. A. lift B. topic C. excuse D. hug
38. A. communicate B. listen C. cry D. work
39. A. connection B. freedom C. fashion D. peace
40. A. Quickly B. Actually C. Accidentally D. Unluckily
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
We____41.____(eat)out for the Spring Festival family dinner for the last three years, and we have enjoyed it
no____42.____(little) than eating at home. I don't understand why some people refuse____43.____(embrace) the change.
Can't they admit that the____44.____(prepare) for the dinner are hard work? I really don't think it's worth the effort of spending so much time preparing for a single meal, and then another hour____45.____(clean) up the mess after it's over. We work all year, so why can't one day be about spending time with family and relaxing?
Eating out is a good choice and it has nothing to do____46.____loss of traditions. We still have the dinner with the same people, just in____47.____different place. The occasion is more enjoyable without all that____48.____(tired) cooking, and the dishes taste better!
In my opinion, what or where we eat on Spring Festival Eve really doesn't matter. Eating out may change the form of this tradition,____49.____the love between the family members sitting around the table together____50.____(remain) the same.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Good morning everyone! Today I want to say something about my parent. My father is a honest businessman and has to support the whole family. He laugh so much that he can even give me a smile at the most difficult time in her life. He always tells me to taking a positive attitude towards everything because it's useless to cry. My mother is the most busiest person in the family, which always has a lot of housework to do. But she never complains. She treats another people with respect, so everybody likes her. Ordinarily as they are, they are truly my best teachers and I am very proud them.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，上周五在学校参加了一场急救知识讲座。

请根据以下要点给你的英国朋友Alan写封邮件分享此事。

内容包括：
1.讲座内容；
2收获体会；
3.希望对方分享相关经历。

注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

Dear Alan,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. D
6. D
7. C
8. D 9. B 10. D 11. A
12. A 13. B 14. D 15. D
16. E 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. A
21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32.
D 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B
41. have eaten
42. less 43. to embrace
44. preparations
45. cleaning
46. with 47. a
48. tiring 49. but
50. remains
51.(1).parent→parents
(2).a→an
(3).laugh→laughs
(4).her→his/our
(5).taking→take
(6).将most去掉
(7).which→who
(8).another→other
(9).Ordinarily→Ordinary
(10).在proud后面加of 52.略。