高三英语二轮复习随堂训练 阅读理解.2 含答案

随堂训练
1
Whileothercountriesdebatewhethertofixwindturbines(涡轮机)offshoreorindistantareas,Denmarkisbuildingthemrightinitscapital.Thre ewindmills(风车)wererecentlyintroducedinaCopenhagenneighbourhood,andthecitypla nstoaddanother97.
“We’vemadeaveryambitiouscommitmen ttomakeCopenhagenCO2-n eutralby2025,”FrankJensen,themayor,says.“Butgoinggreenisn’tonlyagood thing.It’samust.”Thecity’scarbon-neutralplan,passedtwoyearsago,willmak eCopenhagentheworld’sfirstzero-carboncapital.
Withwindpowermakingup33%ofDenmark’senergysupply,th ecountry alreadyfeaturesplentyofwindturbines.Indeed,amongthefirstsightsgreetin gairbornevisitorsduringthelandingatCopenhagen’sKastrupairportisachain ofsea-basedwindtowers.By2020,thewindsweptcountryplanstoget50%ofit senergyfromwindpower.
Nowturbinesaremovingintothecityandtheseoneswillcostlessthanhalf thepriceofthosesea-based.Havingtheenergyproductionclosermakesitchea per,andland-basedturbinesarethecheapestpossiblesourceofenergyavailab letoday.Fixingthemalsomakesthelocalsmoreawareoftheirenergyconsump tion.
Thoughconsiderablylessattractivethanitwasinancienttimes,thewind
millisenjoyingpopularityinthe21stcentury.“Windmillsareasymbolofthene wandcleanCopenhagen,”saysresidentSusanneSayers.Meanwhile,fellowCo penhagencitizenMariaAndersenworriesaboutthenoise,explainingthatshe woul dn’twantawindturbineinherneighbourhood.WhileCopenhagencitize nsapproveofthewindmills,they’relesswillingtoliveclosetoone.Theanswer,t hecityhasdecided,istosellturbineshares.
Eachsharerepresents1,000kWhours/year,withtheprofittax-free.With atypicalCopenhagenhouseholdconsuming3,500kWhours/year,afamilybuy ingfourshareseffectivelyownsitsownrenewableenergysupply.Todate,500r esidentshavebought2,500shares.Involvingthelocalpopulationwasasmart move.“Therearealotofthingsyoucandoclosetopeopleifit’snottoobigandifth ere’samodelwh erelocalsfeelinvolvedandgettoshareintheprofit.Knowingth atyou,oryourneighbours,ownatechnologycreatesaverydifferentatmosphe rethanifamultinationalownedit,”saysVadMathiesen.
Goinggreen?Yes.Acceptedbythepopulation?Yes.Goingwithcenturies-oldcityarchitecture?Hardly.
Certainly,thethreeturbinesdon’texactly blightthe18th-centurycitycen tre,astheyareinaneighbourhood3kmaway.Accordingtothemayor’soffice,n oneoftheremaining97turbineswillriseinarchitecturallysensitiveareas.ButS aschaHaselmayer,CEOofcitycreationgroupCitymart,wa rns,“WithDenmark beingaworld-leadingproducerofwindmills,thereisariskthattheanswertoev eryenergyquestioniswindmills.”
“We’vedestroyedmountainsandlakesinordertosupportourlifestyle,”n otesIrenaBauman,anarchitectandprofessoratSheffieldUniversity.“Windtur binesarea signthatwe’relearningtolivewithnature.Ihopewe’llhavethemallo vertheworld,”shesays.“Theymaybeunpleasanttosome,butbetter-lookingo neswillcome.It’sjustthatwedon’thavetimetowaitforthem!”
【文章大意】本文讲述的是丹麦首都哥本哈根建造风车发电来减少碳的排放,以倡导绿色的生活方式。

1.Denmarkhasdecidedtobuildwindmillsinitscapitalmainlyto______.
A.makewindmillsitsculturalsymbol
B.advocateanenvironmentally-friendlylifestyle
C.takeadvantageofitslimitedwindpower
D.greettouristscomingtoCopenhagenbyplane
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

根据第二段可知,丹麦在首都哥本哈根建风车主要是为了减少碳的排放量,倡导一种环境友好型的生活方式。

2.HowhasthecityofCopenhagenpersuadeditspeopletoacceptthewindmills aroundtheirhomes?
A.Bypromisingthemthatalltheirincomeisfreeoftax.
B.Bydesigninglessnoisywindmillstoeasetheirworries.
C.Byconvincingthemthatland-basedturbinesaremuchcheaper.
D.Byofferingthemthechancetogettheprofitthewindmillsbring.
【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

根据第六段可知,哥本哈根说服居民接受在他们家的周围建风车,通过让居民获得风车带来的利润来实现。

3.Theunderlinedword“blight”(Paragraph8)isclosestinmeaningto______.
A.spoil
B.improve
C.pollute
D.occupy
【解析】选A。

词义猜测题。

根据第七段Goingwithcenturies-oldcityarchitecture?Hardly.可知,作者提出了一个疑问:这些风车会不会影响中心城市的建筑,破坏建筑?又根据最后一段We’vedestroyedmountainsandlakesinordertosupportourlifestyle可知是不会的,所以画线的单词接近于“破坏,毁坏”之意,与spoil是近义词。

4.SaschaHaselmayer’sattitudetob uildingwindmillscanbestbedescribedas_ _______
A.disapproving
B.unconcerned
C.cautious
D.enthusiastic
【解析】选C。

观点态度题。

根据第八段SaschaHaselmayer所说的话...thereisariskthattheanswertoeveryenergyquestioniswindmills可以看出他对于建立风车的态度是谨慎的。

5.WhichofthefollowingwordswouldIrenaBaumanmostprobablyagreewith ?
A.“Itbenefitsusmoretofitwindturbinesincitiesthaninmountainareasorbyla kes.”
B.“Weshouldsellmorewindturbinestoothercountriestomakeusoneoftheric hest.”
C.“Weshoulddevotemoretimetodevelopingthewindturbinesthatgowithth ecit y.”
D.“It’snotwhatwindturbineslooklikebuthowwelivethatreallymattersatpres ent.”
【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

根据最后一段IrenaBauman所说的话可知,她认为风车是一个我们人类学会和自然和谐相处的标志,现在我们应该在意我们的生活方式而不是将注意力放在风车应该是什么样子或建成什么样子。

2 SomeparentsofelementaryschoolstudentsinAmericaarereceivinglettersab outtheirchildren’sweight.Ifachildisfoundtohaveaweightproblem,hisparent swillgetaletterfromtheschoolinformingthemthattheirchildcouldbeoverwe ight.
Andwhatdostudentscallthesenotes?“Fatletters.”
Kidsalreadyhavetoputupwithbeingfrightenedorhurtbyotherkidsatsc hool.Nowtheyalsohavetoprotectthemselvesfrominsultsfromtheadultswh oworkinthoseschools.
D on’ttheythinkthatparentsknowwhethertheirchildrenareoverweight ?Dowereallywanttoencourageatrendwealreadysee:childrengoingondiets? AccordingtoastudybyDukeUniversity,morethan40%of9-and10-year-oldgirl shavegoneonadiet.
InMassachusetts,statelawmakersareconsideringabillthatbansschools fromcollectingstudents’weightinformation.
Manypublicschooleducatorsactuallyconsiderthemselvestobemoreen
lightened(开明的)thantherestofus.That’swhytheyhavespentsomuchtimeinsistingthatwe mustnotlabelchildrenovertheiracademicperformance.Theyhadapoint.Sch oolshavebeenputtinglabelsonstudentssincebeforetheinventionofblackbo ards.Studentswhomighthaveoncebeenlabeled“lazy”simplybecame“unint erested”.Immigrantstudentswhowereonceconsidered“limitedEnglishprofi cient(熟练的)”became“Englishlearners”.
Mywifeisaformerteacher.Sheworkswithstudentswhohavedifficultyin readingandspelling.Thekindsofstudentsshehelpswereoncesaidtohavea“le arningdisability”.Wedon’tsaythatanymore.Today,acknowledgingthathuma nbeingsprocessinformationinavarietyofways,wesaythatthesekidshavea“le arni ngdifference”.
Thereyougo.Academically,theenlightenedviewnowadaysisthatallstud entsaredifferent,thattheirbrainsareallwiredinuniqueways,andthatit’swron gtotrytoassessthemwithaone-size-fits-allstandardtodeterminewhoisintell igentandwhoisn’t.Itisagreedthatchildren’sbrainscomeinallshapesandsizes .
Sowhynotbereallyenlightenedandlearntothinkthesamewayaboutchil dren’sbodies?
【文章大意】本文是议论文。

作者就学校给家长寄“胖信”发表了自己的看法。

1.Theunderlinedword“insults”inParagraph3probablymeans______.
A.ruderemarks
B.unhealthyfoods
C.dangerousactions
D.unfairjudgements
【解析】选A。

词义猜测题。

根据本段中的beingfrightenedorhurt及学校给家长邮寄包含孩子体重信息的信件不难推测,作者认为学校工作人员可能会对有肥胖困扰的孩子“说一些伤害他们的话”。

2.Accordingtothetext,whatmayhappeniffatlettersbecomepopular?
A.Stoppingchildren’ssecretsfrombeingrevealedwillbecomealaw.
B.Parentswi llrealizetheirchildren’sweightproblemearly.
C.Peoplewillpaymoreandmoreattentiontotheirchildren’sweight.
D.Moreandmorechildrenwilleatlesstogetthinner.
【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

根据第四段可知,如果“胖信”流行开来,可能会使越来越多的孩子节食减肥。

3.Theauthormentionshiswife’sworkto______.
A.provelearning disabilitiesdon’texist
B.showtheimportanceofteachers’work
C.explainthemeaningoflearningdifferences
D.suggestpeopledifferwidelyinvariedways
【解析】选D。

推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段的开头可推测,作者在倒数第三段介绍妻子的工作是为了引出“人们各有不同”的观点。

4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsfatletters?
A.Uncaring.
B.Disapproving.
C.Doubtful.
D.Respectful.
【解析】选B。

推理判断题。

通读全文,尤其是第三、四段及最后一段内容不难推测,作者反对学校寄“胖信”的做法。

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