2019-2020学年韶关市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年韶关市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
If you had the opportunity to live forever, would you take it? Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility, but some scientists think that digital technology may have the answer: creating a digital copy of your “self” and keeping it “alive” online long after your physical body has ceased to function.
In effect, the proposal is to clone a person electronically. Unlike the familiar physical clones — children that have identical features as their parents, but that are completely separate organisms with a separate life — your electronic clone would believe itself to be you. How might this be possible? The first step would be to mapthe brain.
How? One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — one of the kings of artificial intelligence — predicts that within two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream. Inthe capillaries (毛细血管) of the brain, they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral (大脑的) electronic activity. They would be able to send that information to a receiver inside a special helmet, so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.
As a further step, Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet, similar to what was shown in the film “Matrix”. With the nano transmitters in place, by thought alone, you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen, they would play inside your mind. Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.
Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death. But why wait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots (纳米机器人) and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?
One snag: to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company. These companies want real money in real bank accounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else. With your body six feet underground how will you pay?
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.
B. Electronic clones recreate the original human body.
C. Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.
D. Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.
2. What is the author’s attitude towards electronic clones?
A. Optimistic and careful.
B. Interested and unconvinced.
C. Excited and confused.
D. Assured and critical.
3. The author asks “how will you pay?” at the end of the article, because ________.
A. you can’t pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically dead
B. you can’t pay for hard disc space if you don’t have a bank account
C. you can’t pay for a special service if too many people want to use it
D.you can’t pay the web-hosting company if you don’t have a neural network
B
A company called Neuralink has shared a video which appears to show a monkey playing a video game, but what makes the video even stranger is that themonkey is playing the video game with just its mind.
Neuralink is a company owned by Elon Musk, which is working to develop devices that could allow people to control things using just their brains. The monkey in the video is called Pager, having special "Link" devices inside his brain. These devices are connected to 2,048 wires which lead to the parts of Pager's brain that control movements of the arms and hands.
Scientists taught Pager to play a video game using a banana juice as a reward when he playedthe game correctly. Soon Pager was eager to play well in order to get more smoothie. At first, Pager controlled the video game using a joystick (操纵杆). But as Pager played, his Link devices wirelessly sent out information about the signals his brain was using to control his arms and hands. Neuralink's scientists recorded all of these signals.
Then they used computers to match up the signals from Pager's brain to the movements that his hands were actually doing. This was challenging work and the scientists counted on artificial intelligence (AI) to help them decode (解码) Pager's brain signals.
The next step was to have a computer make moves in the video game as if Pager had actually moved the joystick. If Pager thought about moving the joystick up, the computer would send an "up"signal to the video game. Thus Pager was able to play the video game using just his brain.
When people are paralyzed (瘫痪的), it's often because the brain has lost the ability to send signals to nerves and muscles in certain parts of the body. Neuralink hopes that one day, its system will be ableto send this information in a different way, allowing paralyzed people to use their arms or legs again.
4. What does Neuralink aim to do?
A. To make monkeys much smarter.
B. To solve complex problems with monkeys.
C. To create a device linking monkeys and people.
D. To make people control things with their brains.
5. How does the author introduce the process of the research?
A. In order of time.
B. By making a comparison.
C. By giving examples.
D. In order of space.
6. What played an important role in the success of the research?
A. The joystick.
B. Artificial intelligence.
C. The video game.
D. The banana smoothie.
7. Which is the most suitable title of the test?
A. Neuralink Posts an Unusual Video
B. Disabled People Have a Bright Future
C. Monkey Plays Video Games with His Mind
D. Neuralink, a Creative and Competitive Company
C
California's August Complex Fire tore through more than 1,600 square miles of forest last summer,burning nearly every tree in its path. It was the largest wildfire in the state's recorded history, breaking the record previously set in 2018. After the fire, land managers must determine where to most efficiently plant new trees.
A predictive mapping model called the Postfire Spatial Conifer Restoration Planning Tool recently described in Ecological Applications could inform these decisions, saving time and expense. The tool can “show where young trees are needed most, where the forest isn't going to come back on its own, where we need to intervene（干预）if we want to maintain forests," says lead author Joseph Stewart, an ecologist at the University of California, Davis.
To develop the model, Stewart and his colleagues classified data collected from more than 1,200 study plots in 19 areas that burned between 2004 and 2012. They combined these data with information on rainfall, geography, climate, forest composition and bum severity.Theyalso included how many seeds sample conifer trees （针叶树）produced in 216locations over 18 years, assessing whether the trees release different numbers of seeds after a fire.
The tool's potential benefits are significant, says Kimberley Davis, a conservation scientist at theUniversityofMontana, who was not involved in the study. Those managers will still have to make hard decisions, such as which species to plant in areas that may experience warmer and drier conditions resulting from climate change, but the model provides some research-based guidance to help the forests recover.
8. What challenge do land managers face after the wildfire?
A. Lack of wood supplies.
B. Where to plant new trees best.
C. How to save the burned trees.
D. Loss of trees and wild animals.
9. What's the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. The function of the tool.
B. The disadvantages of the tool.
C. The improvement of the tool.
D. The development of the tool.
10. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?
A. The study plots.
B. The data.
C. Stewart and his colleagues.
D. The seeds.
11. What isDavis' attitude towards the tool?
A. Skeptical.
B. Ambiguous.
C. Tolerant.
D. Optimistic.
D
Last year, 138,000San Franciscoresidents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers. It’s a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections, asSan Franciscovoters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.
The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.
Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. It’s a textbook example of the “sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.
The app has had unintended consequences inSan Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year, a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the company’s image: middle-class families putting up
a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.
“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that supported Proposition F. Hotel unions have protested the company’s practices inSan Franciscoand other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.
San Franciscois in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode. Actually, explode is a generous term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000. Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay,San Franciscosimply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking toSilicon Valley.
As the Los Angeles Times reported, someSan Franciscoresidents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems.
12. The intention of Proposition F is to ________.
A. place time limits in local election.
B. set limits on short-term rental.
C. strike down a controversial rule.
D. urge users to vote against Airbnb.
13. What is the negative consequence of Airbnb onSan Francisco?
A. It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.
B. Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.
C. It makes the house market more competitive.
D. It indirectly leads to high house rental price.
14. The housing crisis inSan Franciscoresults from ________.
A. explosion of the living cost
B. its geographic characteristics
C. generosity of local enterprises
D. inflow of migrant population
15. Theauthor’s attitude toward Proposition F is ________.
A. objective
B. supportive
C. negative
D. indifferent
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
There's no such thing as being born “good at languages”. However, there are people who learn languages well, but that has nothingto do with them being naturally good at it.___16___
Good language learners are actively involved in their learning process.They do not expect to learn English only by sitting in the classroom.___17___They are organized and active. They look for creative ways both inside and outside the classroom to try out what they have learned.
Good language learners knows that language is used to communicate.They pay attention to meaning. They have good techniques to practice listening, speaking, reading and writing. They push themselves to speak and try to become fluent.___18___
___19___It may not be easy at first but thinking in English is worth cultivating as a vital skill that will improve all areas of your language learning. To help you think in English, carry on a dialogue with yourself in English when walking along, sitting on a bus, or taking a break from other studies. Use English whenever and wherever you can.
Good language learners have a long-term devotion to language learning.They work through any feelings of frustration or lack of confidence. They are able to deal with the challenges of learning a new language.___20___Instead, remind themselves how important it is to keep going.
A. Good language learners try to think in the language.
B. Good language learners try to figure out how the language works.
C. They do not rely on the teacher for all the learning.
D. They look for opportunities to talk with native speakers.
E. They don't let themselves give up.
F. They clearly know their own strengths and weaknesses.
G. It has to do with their attitude and the way they learn.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Mobile phones are everywhere in big cities. It seems that___21___can live without one. Mobile phones are a great___22___to stay connected with friends and family.___23___, it is important to remember that there are certain times___24___you should not be using your phone, especially as a student, during school.
____25____you are in class, you should not be sending your friends text messages___26___taking phone calls. Your classmates and teacher should not have to deal with this rude___27___. Aren’t you at school to learn? In the United States, students would never be allowed to___28___their mobile phones during class. If you were to send or___29___a text message you would probably be kicked____30____class. It is very disturbing to hear a lot
of tones and ringing during____31____There are many more rules for mobile phone use in America and it is to____32____respect for those around you.
As a teacher in China, I have to____33____students using mobile phones every day. I have told my class to____34____their phones, but many students do not listen. The____35____to be connected all the time seems to be more____36____than the desire to learn.
It’s easy to understand____37____it is so tempting(诱惑人的) to have your phone on during class. It seems so easy just to send a short text message; it’s not hurting anyone, is it? But you may actually be hurting____38____when you do this. Your teacher knows when you use yourphone and may give you a____39____grade. Sending a text message also takes your attention away from what’s going on in class, you may____40____something important.
21. A. one B. somebody C. someone D. no one
22. A. way B. road C. method D. path
23. A. But B. However C. So D. Therefore
24. A. which B. that C. when D. where
25. A. After B. Before C. Because D. If
26. A. or B. and C. as well as D. instead of
27. A. act B. action C. habit D. behavior
28. A. have B. take C. use D. send
29. A. receive B. accept C. make D. get
30. A. of B. off C. out D. out of
31. A. school B. class C. office D. home
32. A. ask B. suggest C. show D. answer
33. A. do B. deal C. do with D. deal with
34. A. turn on B. turn down C. turn off D. turn in
35. A. desire B. wish C. hope D. expect
36. A. possible B. important C. necessary D. interesting
37. A. why B. what C. that D. whether
38. A. himself B. herself C. ourselves D. yourself
39. A. lower B. higher C. better D. upper
40. A. forget B. remember C. miss D. leave
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
A team of engineers at Harvard University____41.____(inspire) by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech systems.____42.____(design) to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform____43.____(control) flight tasks.
“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who____44.____(work) on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start____45.____(pierce) together the components. “The____46.____(add) difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.
They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of devices, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well,” said Wood. The flight device____47.____(build) into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the____48.____(fly) robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.
While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually____49.____(equip) it with a built-in power source, so that it can someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields_____50._____on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线( \ )画掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital on last Thursday. Then my mum told me what happens. She said I fainted in my PE lesson because low blood sugar levels. Fortunate, I was rushed to hospital immediately. The doctor helped me and I made a fully recovery within two days. My experience has proved how a bad idea it is to try to lose weight by skip meals. Now I know this extreme weight-loss method have serious side effects. I also understand that being healthy and energetic is less important than being slim. From now on, I’ll pay more attentions to my health rather than my weight. Having a balanced diet and exercising regularly really count a lot!第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Lying in bed with my husband, Gary, we were reminiscing (怀旧). Having been together for 31 years, we were now proud parents to 5 children. Our four eldest kids had flown away to their own life, and Samuel, in his final year of school, was preparing to follow in their footsteps.
With six bedrooms, Gary and I wondered what we would do once we became empty-nest-ers. “Maybe we should sell the house,” Gary suggested. But over the next six months, we never got around to it. Plus, we were busy as foster carers (寄养照管), which we'd done for the past five years. Though I loved every child who stayed with us, we had no plans to have any youngsters for ever. After all, we'd raised five kids already. Then, looking through the Internet, I saw an article. Seven siblings (兄弟姐妹) in need of forever home, it read, beside a photo of the kids in their best clothes.
My heart went out to their hopeful smiles. Reading, I discovered the children—Adelino, then 13, Ruby, 11, Aleecia and Anthony, both six, Aubriella, four, Leo, three, and Xander, two—had been in a terrible car accident six months earlier. Their parents had died and the youngsters had been badly injured. It was a miracle (奇迹) they'd survived.
We had to help them, I thought. I sent an e-mail to my husband if we could adopt (收养) them, expecting him to tell me I was crazy. With Gary working for the post office and me a lawyer, I knew we had the ability to make it work. And as the hours passed, I couldn't push the kids out of my mind. Who else would have the room to keep them all together? I wondered. It would be devastating (毁灭性的) if they had to be seperated.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Before Gary arrived home from work, I'd prepared a speech to present my request.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
I tried to help them feel safe with us.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____
参考答案
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D
12. B 13. D 14. D 15. A
16. G 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. E
21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32.
C 33.
D 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. A 40. C
41. has been inspired
42. Designed
43. controlled
44. has worked##has been working
45. to pierce##piercing
46. added 47. was built
48. flying 49. to equip
50. or
51.(1). 去掉on (2). happens→ happened (3). because后加of (4). Fortunate → Fortunately
(5). fully→ full (6). how→ what (7). skip → skipping (8). have→ has (9). less→more (10). attentions→ attention
52.略。