2016专题十状语从句和并列句常考点

专题十状语从句和并列句常考点

状语从句是一项较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语(或其他动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。掌握状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。

1状语从句中从属连词when，while，as的多种含义

when：当……时候；就在那时；既然；虽然；在……之后；

as：一边……一边；随着；虽然；因为；依照，如……；

while：在……期间；而；虽然。

用when，while和as填空：

①He will take my place ________ I am away.

②I was having my lunch ________ the fire alarm went off.

③________ you have finished your work，you may have a rest.

④________ he swam，he cried for help.

⑤________ the Internet is of great help，I don't think it good to spend too much time on it.

2as引导让步状语从句

as引导让步状语从句时要倒装，若是倒装，需将所强调的成分即名词(句首名词不能有任何冠词)、形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前。

[注]①though引导状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装，although不能引起倒装。

②as，though，although引导从句时，后面的主句不能有but，但可以和still，yet连用。

完成下列句子：

①________________(虽然他是个孩子)，he knows what is the right thing to do.

②________________(虽然他工作很努力)，he never seemed able to do the work satisfactorily.

③_______________(虽然你可能失败)，you should never give up.

3before的用法

注意判断before在状语从句中的含义：才；就；趁……没有；还没来得及；宁可……也不；不知不觉。

1. 判断下列各句中before的含义：

()①We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.

()②We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired.

()③Please write it down before you forget it.

()④Before I could get in a word，he had measured me.

()⑤She would die before she'd give in.

()⑥Three months went by before we knew it.

2. 区别以下句型：

用before，that，since，when填空：

①It's three days ________ he returned home.

②It was three days________ he returned home.

③It will be three days________ he returns home.

④It was three days later ________ he returned home.

⑤It was three o'clock ________ he returned.

[注]解答此类题目关键有三点：首先要确定是不是强调句，当我们把it is/was以及连接词去掉时，剩余部分若能构成一个完整的句子，就是强调句，这时连词用that；否则，就要考虑它的句式特点。其次要看是时间段还是时间点。再次是连接词前后的时态。当确定为时间段时，连接词前后时态不一致，用since；

时态一致，用before；当确定为时间点时，强调句就用that，否则就用when。

4where引导的定语从句和状语从句的区别和联系

where引导定语从句时，相当于in/at/to which；where引导状语从句时，相当于in/at/to the place where...如：Please make a mark in the place where you have a question.(定语从句)

Please make a mark where you have a question.(状语从句)

①He lives in the quiet small village ________ I worked ten years ago.

②He lives in ________ is called the Fairy Land Outside of the World.

＝He lives in the place ________ is called the Fairy Land Outside of the World.

③—Mum，what did your doctor say?

—He advised me to live ________ the air is fresher.

A. in where

B. in which

C. the place where

D. where

④________ others are weak，he is strong.

A. Where

B. In the place

C. Which

D. While

5unless的用法

unless意为“除非；如果不”，相当于if...not。

①Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees，but _____ they have eggs or young chicks，they don't use a nest.

A. why

B. how

C. unless

D. where

②You must keep on working in the evening，________ you are sure you can finish the task in time.

A. as

B. if

C. when

D. unless

③We won't keep winning games ________ we keep playing well.

A. because

B. unless

C. when

D. while

④In time of serious accidents，_--we know some basic things about first aid，we can save lives.

A. whether

B. until

C. if

D. unless

6so...that...和such...that...引导结果状语从句的区别

①so＋形容词/副词＋that...

so＋形容词＋a(n)＋名词＋that...

②such＋a(n)＋形容词＋名词＋that...

such＋形容词＋不可数名词/可数名词的复数＋that...

[注]so/such...that...放在句首时要倒装。

完成下列句子：

①He is such a good teacher that we all respect him.

＝He is ________________ that we all respect him.

＝So ________________ that we all respect him.

＝Such ________________ that we all respect him.

②He made ________ rapid progress that the teacher praised him.

＝He made ________ much progress that the teacher praised him.

注意句型：

①表示目的状语的几种表达：

He got up early to catch the early bus.

＝He got up early in order to catch the early bus.

＝He got up early so as to catch the early bus.

＝He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.

＝He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus.

②His humour was such as to make us all laugh.