中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略

中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略

动词不定式历来是中考英语命题的热点之一。它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为"（not）to+动词原形"。

考点攻略一：动词不定式作主语

1）动词不定式直接用在主语位置：To see you is always a pleasure.

2）如果主语较长，则可以用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。

①It is +形容词+(of sb.) to do sth. 此处常用careless, clever, foolish, honest, kind, nice, rude,

stupid, silly, wrong, wise等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质。

It’s brave of you to jump into the river to save the boy!

②It is +名词或形容词+ (for sb.)to do sth. 此处常用necessary, hard, difficult, easy, important,

impossible等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式的动作或行为的性质。

It is our duty to keep our classroom clean. It is important for us to protect the environment.

③It takes sb. some time to do sth.

It usually takes us about two and a half hours to travel from Shanghai to Japan.

考点攻略二：动词不定式作宾语

其后常接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, afford, choose, decide, expect, plan, promise, manage, hope, wish, want, seem, refuse, fail等。

I didn’t expect to see you here.

在某些复合宾语中，动词有find, consider, think, make, feel,常先用it代替不定式，作形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。

I find it impossible to finish the task on time.

考点攻略三：动词不定式作宾语补足语

动词不定式作宾补，即“动词+宾语+（not）to do sth.”，接不定式作宾补的常见动词有：advise, allow, ask, cause, expect, beg, encourage, get, help, invite, teach, order, remind, tell, want, wish, warn等。

My parents always tell me not to be late for school.

考点攻略四：动词不定式作表语

不定式作表语一般位于系动词之后，表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作；若主语是aim, duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem, purpose, wish等名词，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。

It is said that they are to visit China next month. My wish is to become a scientist like Einstein. 考点攻略五：动词不定式作定语（常用于名词之后）。

由only, last, next,序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语，

Tom is always the first student to arrive at school.

注：动词不定式to后所接动词若是不及物动词，而不定式与其修饰的词之间有动宾关系时，此不定式后要加相应的介词。

We haven’t decided which hotel to stay at. I need a pen to write with.

考点攻略六：动词不定式作目的状语。如：

To keep fit, students are advised to do morning exercises.

so as to (不可用于句首使用)，in order to也可以引导目的状语。

I walked slowly on the icy road in order not to fall down.

考点攻略七：动词不定式与疑问词连用。疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how等后加动词不定式，构成不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。如：The problem is how to get there on time.

注：当主句谓语动词know，tell，forget，remember，learn，explain等后接疑问词（连接代词/副词）引导的宾语从句，且该从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，宾语从句可转换成“疑问词（连接代词/副词）+不定式（短语）”形式。

We don’t know what we should do next. = We don’t know what to do next.

考点攻略八：动词不定式to 的省略情况

1)、在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let, make, have, hear, see, feel, smell, hear, watch等,但在被动结构中，to不可省略。

The teacher makes me rewrite the composition.

2)、在下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：had better, would rather, cannot help,等。

I’d better go now, or I’ll miss the train.

3)、在why not结构中，其后的动词不定式to要省略。如：Why not send those books back?

自我测试

I. Choose the best answer.

1. You had better ______ because you have to drive back home.

A) not drinking B) not drink C) don’t drink D) not to drink

2. I can’t tell you what she said. I’ve promised ______ it a secret.

A) keep B) to keep C) keeping D) kept

3. Doctors warned people stay outdoors for a long time in foggy weather.

A) not B) don’t C) to not D) not to

4. ------I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?

------I haven’t decided where ________.

A) go B) went C) going D) to go

5. The boy is often heard in the music room. He sings very well.

A) practise singing B) to practise singing C) practised singing D) practise to sing

II. Rewrite the following sentences as required.

6. The girl didn't know where she could find her mother. (改成简单句）

The girl didn't know where_______ _______ her mother.

7. The man is so energetic that he can be our leader. (改为简单句)

The man is energetic __________ __________ be our leader.

8. You should memorize your password. It’s very important. (合并为一句)

It’s very important for you ________ your password.

答案与解析：

1.答案为B。had better后接动词原形，否定形式在had better后加not。

2.答案为B。promise to do sth.答应或许诺做某事。

3.答案为D。warn sb. not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事。

4.答案为D。此处考查的是疑问词（连接代词/副词）+不定式（短语）形式的用法。

5.答案为B。make, hear, see等词在被动结构中要加to。

6.答案为to find。宾语从句可转换成“疑问词（连接代词/副词）+不定式（短语）”形式。

7.答案为enough to。so…that…结构可以与enough to 同义转换。

8.答案为to memorize。It is +名词或形容词+ (for sb.)to do sth为固定表达结构。