高考状语从句考点梳理及归纳PPT精品文档
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高中英语语法总结之状语从句(共37张ppt)
• Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.如果我们不怕困难,困难就算不了什 么了。
• We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains. = We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain. 除非下雨,我们明天就去那里。
• Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.我 每次乘船都晕船。
• The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful. 我一听到这首歌,就感到很愉快。
• Next time you come ,you’ll see him.下次你来 的时候,就会见到他。
• We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.虽然我们干了一天活,但并 不累。
• (2)even if, even though(even if 和even though的意思为“即使”“纵使”有退一步 设想的意味,多用于书面语中)。
• 5、结果状语从句:
• (1)so that,so…that(so that前有逗号为 结果状语从句,so…that的so后面跟形容词 或副词)。
• We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.我们把收音机的音量放大, 大家都听到了新闻。
• Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.鉴于他病情严重,我们派人去请医生 去了。
高考状语从句精华版总结PPT课件
2) He must be ill, _f_o_r___ he is absent today.
20230)/1I0t/1w3 as _b_ec_a_u_s_e_ he was ill that he didn’t go with us.
1
状语从句要点
原因短语 because of, thanks to, due to, owing to. 2.时间状语从句 1) 辨析一 when (1) 两动作同时,先后发生 (2) 表原因 “既然”
状语从句要点
1.原因状语从句
because, as,since,
now that,
seeing that,considering that
辨析
because 语气强,回答why问句, 可用于
since 句首,“既然,鉴于” (双方都知)
as “由于”
for 主句后, 补充说明。
练习: 1) ---Why were you absent from the meeting? ---B__e_c_au_s_e I was ill.
walk there in 5 minutes. 7) 7) He was about to leawvehe_n_____ the telephone rang.
2020/10/13
3
状语从句要点
2) 一…就
as soon as/immediately/directly
the moment/the minute/on(upon) doing
(3) (3) It is three years since I began to smoke.
(4) (4) It was 4 months since they had departed.
状语从句(完整版)ppt课件
2023 WORK SUMMARY
状语从句(完整版)ppt 课件
REPORTING
目录
• 状语从句概述 • 时间状语从句 • 地点状语从句 • 原因状语从句 • 条件状语从句 • 目的状语从句 • 让步状语从句 • 结果状语从句
PART 01
状语从句概述
定义与作用
定义
状语从句是句子中充当状语成分的从 句,用于修饰主句中的动词、形容词、 副词或整个句子,表示时间、地点、 原因、条件、方式、让步等关系。
When I grow up, I want to be a teacher. (当我长大的时候,我想成 为一名老师。)
I was doing my homework when the phone rang. (电话响的 时候,我正在做作业。)
Once you start, you must finish it. (一旦你开始,就必须完成它。)
你想去的地方。
They searched for the lost child everywhere. 他们到处
寻找那个走失的孩子。
PART 04
原因状语从句
表示原因的连词
because
语气最强,表示直接的原因或理 由,可用于回答 why 提出的问 题、引导表语从句、用于强调句
等。
since
语气比 because 弱,但比 as 强, 一般用于表示“由于大家已知的 事实”。
虚拟语气
在条件状语从句中,可以 使用虚拟语气来表达与现 在或过去事实相反的情况。
条件状语从句的例句分析
01
02
03
04
05
If you study hard, you will pass the exam. (如 果你努力学习,你会通 过考试的。)
状语从句(完整版)ppt 课件
REPORTING
目录
• 状语从句概述 • 时间状语从句 • 地点状语从句 • 原因状语从句 • 条件状语从句 • 目的状语从句 • 让步状语从句 • 结果状语从句
PART 01
状语从句概述
定义与作用
定义
状语从句是句子中充当状语成分的从 句,用于修饰主句中的动词、形容词、 副词或整个句子,表示时间、地点、 原因、条件、方式、让步等关系。
When I grow up, I want to be a teacher. (当我长大的时候,我想成 为一名老师。)
I was doing my homework when the phone rang. (电话响的 时候,我正在做作业。)
Once you start, you must finish it. (一旦你开始,就必须完成它。)
你想去的地方。
They searched for the lost child everywhere. 他们到处
寻找那个走失的孩子。
PART 04
原因状语从句
表示原因的连词
because
语气最强,表示直接的原因或理 由,可用于回答 why 提出的问 题、引导表语从句、用于强调句
等。
since
语气比 because 弱,但比 as 强, 一般用于表示“由于大家已知的 事实”。
虚拟语气
在条件状语从句中,可以 使用虚拟语气来表达与现 在或过去事实相反的情况。
条件状语从句的例句分析
01
02
03
04
05
If you study hard, you will pass the exam. (如 果你努力学习,你会通 过考试的。)
高考英语语法一轮复习 状语从句 )(共52张PPT)
it’s really cold.
4._A_s__lo__n_g_a_s__ you listen to me, I'll give
whatever you want.
1. not…until: 直到…才
1. 我什么都不会说,直到你让我说。
I won’t say anything until you tell me to. 2. 直到他回来,我们才开始工作。 We didn’t start the work until he came back.
not… until句型中强调和倒装: It was not until he came back that we started the work. Not until he came back did we start the work.
It is three years since he smoked. 他不吸烟有三年了。 It is three years since he began to smoke. 他吸烟有三年了。 It is three years since he joined the army. 他参军有三年了。 It is three years since he was a soldier. 他退役有三年了。 It is years since I enjoyed myself so much. 好多年没玩的这么痛快了。
It is/ has been +一段时间+ since … did: ①(did为短暂动词) 自从…以来已经多久了; ②(did为持续动词) 不…以来已经多久了 It has been twenty days since the war broke out. It is ten years since he lived here.
4._A_s__lo__n_g_a_s__ you listen to me, I'll give
whatever you want.
1. not…until: 直到…才
1. 我什么都不会说,直到你让我说。
I won’t say anything until you tell me to. 2. 直到他回来,我们才开始工作。 We didn’t start the work until he came back.
not… until句型中强调和倒装: It was not until he came back that we started the work. Not until he came back did we start the work.
It is three years since he smoked. 他不吸烟有三年了。 It is three years since he began to smoke. 他吸烟有三年了。 It is three years since he joined the army. 他参军有三年了。 It is three years since he was a soldier. 他退役有三年了。 It is years since I enjoyed myself so much. 好多年没玩的这么痛快了。
It is/ has been +一段时间+ since … did: ①(did为短暂动词) 自从…以来已经多久了; ②(did为持续动词) 不…以来已经多久了 It has been twenty days since the war broke out. It is ten years since he lived here.
高考英语语法一轮复习状语从句课件(共45张PPT)
高考英语语法一轮复习状语从句课件(共45张 PPT)高 考复习 课件高 考复习 PPT课 件高考 专题复 习训练 课件
高考英语语法一轮复习状语从句课件(共45张 PPT)高 考复习 课件高 考复习 PPT课 件高考 专题复 习训练 课件
since引导的时间状语从句
◆ since引导的时间状语从句,常译为“自从……”, 主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。
高考英语语法一轮复习状语从句课件(共45张 PPT)高 考复习 课件高 考复习 PPT课 件高考 专题复 习训练 课件
whenever
• 表:每当… • Whenever we are in trouble, he will come to help
us.
• Whenever you say “I’m sorry”, look the person right in the eyes.
高考英语语法一轮复习状语从句课件(共45张 PPT)高 考复习 课件高 考复习 PPT课 件高考 专题复 习训练 课件
高考英语语法一轮复习状语从句课件(共45张 PPT)高 考复习 课件高 考复习 PPT课 件高考 专题复 习训练 课件
until/ till引导的时间状语从句
◆当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式, 表“直到…为止。”
as:“正当……”, “一 边……一边……”,“随
着……” 。(强调动作的同时性) 1. 表示某事一发生,另一事立即发生。
As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. 2. 表示在某事发生的过程中,另一事发生。
As he was speaking, there was a loud explosion. 3. 表示两个动作同时发生。
高考英语语法一轮复习状语从句课件(共45张 PPT)高 考复习 课件高 考复习 PPT课 件高考 专题复 习训练 课件
since引导的时间状语从句
◆ since引导的时间状语从句,常译为“自从……”, 主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。
高考英语语法一轮复习状语从句课件(共45张 PPT)高 考复习 课件高 考复习 PPT课 件高考 专题复 习训练 课件
whenever
• 表:每当… • Whenever we are in trouble, he will come to help
us.
• Whenever you say “I’m sorry”, look the person right in the eyes.
高考英语语法一轮复习状语从句课件(共45张 PPT)高 考复习 课件高 考复习 PPT课 件高考 专题复 习训练 课件
高考英语语法一轮复习状语从句课件(共45张 PPT)高 考复习 课件高 考复习 PPT课 件高考 专题复 习训练 课件
until/ till引导的时间状语从句
◆当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式, 表“直到…为止。”
as:“正当……”, “一 边……一边……”,“随
着……” 。(强调动作的同时性) 1. 表示某事一发生,另一事立即发生。
As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. 2. 表示在某事发生的过程中,另一事发生。
As he was speaking, there was a loud explosion. 3. 表示两个动作同时发生。
高中英语状语从句讲解课件(共60张PPT)
2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句 的逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连
词完成交际.
3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的 用法区别.
常见考点: 考点一、主句与从句的时态呼应问题;
考点二、连接词的选择(注意区别几组连接词: while / as / when引导时间状语从句; because / since / as / for引导原因状语从句; if / unless引导条件状语从句; so…that / such…that引导结果状语从句等); 考点三、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换;
4 ---When ____ you come to see me,Dad?
---I will go to see you when you ____ the training coursing.
A.do; will have finished
B.will; will finish
C.do; are finishing
D. will; finish
时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,用 一般过去时代替过去将来时
主句表示的是一个短暂性动作,
He fell asleep __w_h_e_n_/_w_h_i_le_/_a_she was reading.从句表示的是一个持续性动作
I
kept
silent
__w_h_i_le_
He likes football while his brother likes basketball.
2. 引导时状从句(=when) While he was doing his homework, his mother came in. 3.引让状从句,表“虽然,尽管”,置于句首 (=WalthhioleugI ha)dmit his good points, I can see his
词完成交际.
3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的 用法区别.
常见考点: 考点一、主句与从句的时态呼应问题;
考点二、连接词的选择(注意区别几组连接词: while / as / when引导时间状语从句; because / since / as / for引导原因状语从句; if / unless引导条件状语从句; so…that / such…that引导结果状语从句等); 考点三、状语从句与非谓语动词之间的替换;
4 ---When ____ you come to see me,Dad?
---I will go to see you when you ____ the training coursing.
A.do; will have finished
B.will; will finish
C.do; are finishing
D. will; finish
时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,用 一般过去时代替过去将来时
主句表示的是一个短暂性动作,
He fell asleep __w_h_e_n_/_w_h_i_le_/_a_she was reading.从句表示的是一个持续性动作
I
kept
silent
__w_h_i_le_
He likes football while his brother likes basketball.
2. 引导时状从句(=when) While he was doing his homework, his mother came in. 3.引让状从句,表“虽然,尽管”,置于句首 (=WalthhioleugI ha)dmit his good points, I can see his
状语从句ppt课件完整版
复杂。因此,在写作中要适度使用状语从句,保持句子的简洁明了。
拓展阅读资源推荐
语法书籍
《英语语法大全》、《英语语法 手册》等,这些书籍详细介绍了 英语语法的各个方面,包括状语
从句的用法和技巧。
在线资源
英语语法网、英语语法在线等网 站提供了丰富的英语语法知识和 练习题,可以帮助学习者更好地
掌握状语从句的用法。
02
用法说明
03
though和although在从句中不能与but连用,但可以与 副词still和yet连用。
04
as引导的让步状语从句需要部分倒装,即将表语、状语或 动词原形提到as前面。
05
even if和even though引导的从句表示强调的让步,意 为“即使,尽管”。
06
whether...or...和no matter+疑问词引导的从句表示“无 论...都...”,在句中位置灵活。
状语从句的结构和特点
状语从句通常由从属连词引导,从句中的谓语用非谓语形 式(不定式、分词、动名词等)。不同类型的状语从句有 不同的结构和特点,如时间状语从句常用when, while, as 等引导,条件状语从句常用if, unless等引导。
状语从句与并列句、复合句的关系
状语从句与并列句和复合句有密切关系。并列句由并列连 词连接两个或两个以上的简单句,而复合句则包含一个主 句和一个或多个从句。状语从句可以作为复合句中相反的假设条件,主句说明在这个假设条件下会出现的结果。常用if引导, 从句和主句的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气。
典型例句分析
Unless you change your mind, I won't be able to help you.( 除非你改变主意,否则我帮不了 你。)
高考英语一轮复习课件 状语从句轻松学专题专解 (共12张PPT)
(2)even if或even though引导让步状语从 句, 表示即使”, “尽管”。 I’ll get there even if(though)I have to
sell my house to get enough money to go by air.
3 、原因状语从句 because, for, as, since, now that
(2)引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外 还有: ②① hardly / scarcely … when, sooner … till, not … until …, no until, before, than, as soon as 表示“一……就” since 注意:表示未来 ★ As soon as I have finished it , I’ll give yu a ③ directly, immediately, the moment, ★Don’t get off the bus until it has 情况 , 主句用将 call. the minute that… 一……就 stopped. 来时 , 从句用现 ★ We hardly got / Hardly had we got into He had made for the door directly he heard ★ He waited for his father until(till) the country when it began to rain. 在时。 the knock. it was twelve o’clock. ★ No sooner had he arrived / He had no ④each time, every time, by the time. ★ Itarrived willhe be five years before he sooner than she started Each time came to my city, he would returns from England. complaining. call on me
高考必考点之(状语从句)考点大全PPT精品文档
that you keep it clean. 4. You will certainly succeed so long as
……时)they rushed to the station.
1. Adverbial Clause of Time
3. The instant (一……就……)I saw him, I knew I have seen him before.
4. Every time (每次)I went to visit him, he was playing computer games.
常用连接词:where 特殊连接词:everywhere anywhere wherever • Put the key where you can find it later. • Everywhere they went, they were
kindly received.
• Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。(谚语)
• Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. 无风不起浪。(谚语)
3. Adverbial Clause of Reason
常用连接词:because since as for 特殊连接词:that in that now (that)
seeing that considering that giving that for the reason that
Overview of adverbial clauses
句子的分 类
Adverbial Clauses
Definition
An adverbial clause is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb. • Compare the two sentences: • Every morning he sits there. • Every morning he sits where there is
……时)they rushed to the station.
1. Adverbial Clause of Time
3. The instant (一……就……)I saw him, I knew I have seen him before.
4. Every time (每次)I went to visit him, he was playing computer games.
常用连接词:where 特殊连接词:everywhere anywhere wherever • Put the key where you can find it later. • Everywhere they went, they were
kindly received.
• Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。(谚语)
• Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. 无风不起浪。(谚语)
3. Adverbial Clause of Reason
常用连接词:because since as for 特殊连接词:that in that now (that)
seeing that considering that giving that for the reason that
Overview of adverbial clauses
句子的分 类
Adverbial Clauses
Definition
An adverbial clause is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb. • Compare the two sentences: • Every morning he sits there. • Every morning he sits where there is
高中英语状语从句讲解课件(共60张PPT)
◆ after引导的时间状语从句,常译为“在……之后”, 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。
After you use plastic bags, you mustn’t throw them about. 用过了塑料袋之后,不准到处乱扔。
连接词before的小结:
1. We had sailed four days and four nights before
I thought of it just _w_h__e_n_/a_s___you opened your mo主ut从h.句--几乎同时发生的短暂性动作
Things are getting better and better __a_s__ time goes on.正在发展变化的情况, “随着”
*就在那时,正在这时=and at this /that time
1) They were walking down the street when they saw
an accident. (A=B)
2) I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped
e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work.
4.句型类:no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely… when…, etc. (一…就…)
e.g .Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.
D. will; finish
时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,用 一般过去时代替过去将来时
主句表示的是一个短暂性动作,
He fell asleep __w_h_e_n_/_w_h_i_le_/_a_she was reading.从句表示的是一个持续性动作
After you use plastic bags, you mustn’t throw them about. 用过了塑料袋之后,不准到处乱扔。
连接词before的小结:
1. We had sailed four days and four nights before
I thought of it just _w_h__e_n_/a_s___you opened your mo主ut从h.句--几乎同时发生的短暂性动作
Things are getting better and better __a_s__ time goes on.正在发展变化的情况, “随着”
*就在那时,正在这时=and at this /that time
1) They were walking down the street when they saw
an accident. (A=B)
2) I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped
e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work.
4.句型类:no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely… when…, etc. (一…就…)
e.g .Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.
D. will; finish
时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,用 一般过去时代替过去将来时
主句表示的是一个短暂性动作,
He fell asleep __w_h_e_n_/_w_h_i_le_/_a_she was reading.从句表示的是一个持续性动作
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Adverbial Clause 状语从句
知识梳理及考点归纳
1
状从的定义:
在复合句中由从句表示 的状语称作状语从句, 它可用来修饰主句谓语 或整个主句。
2
状从的位置:
比较灵活,可置于句首、句中或句末。位 于句首时,常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。
状从的分类(根据用途分为9大类):
时、地、原、结、目、条、让、比、方
seeing that等引导原状从 (“攻关”P100) (3)if / unless等引导条状从
(“攻关”P102)8(4)so…that / such…that引导结状从 (“攻关”P106)
(5)wh-ever系列词及no matter +wh系列词引 导让步状从;此外前者还可引导名词性从句。
例见“张漫”P26 T63 ——交叉综合的典范试题
2. 题干句的情景化增强,句意理解难度提高
例见“张漫”P5 T93 ——正答率极低的高考真题 5
二、能力要求:
1.了解状从的分类情况及各种状从中经 常使用的连词。
2.能够在真实语境中判定从句与主句 的逻辑关系,从而能够选用或使用恰 当的连词完成交际。
2.while引导时状从时,表示“当…时/在…期间”。
必须后接延续性动词,它强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生,或 强调主句表示的动作持续于while所指的整个时间段之内。
例如:
Please write while I read.
I was reading the book while he was watching TV.
e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work.
4.句型类:no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely/barely… when… (刚…就…)
e.g . He had scarcely gone when she appeared.
12
考点逐条精讲之一:状从的连词选择及使用
一、时状从(连词最多的状从)
(一) 引导时间状语从句的从属连词
1.基本类:before、after、when、while、as、 since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc.
2.名词类(由名词词组充当引导词):
the moment ,the minute, the second, the
3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的
用法区别。
6
三、状从考点梳理:
7
1、状从的连词选择及使用
必须准确掌握每一个常用连词, 尤其注意区别如下几组连接词: (1)while / as / when引导时状从(“攻关”P96) (2)because / since / as / for / now that /
注意:
(1)若主句动作在从句动作过程中发生,从句常用进行时。
Don’t talk too loud while others are working.
(2)若主句和从句主语相同,while加现在分词可代替状从。
While discussing the matter, many comrades got very excited.
(“攻关”P104 及 P80)
9
2、主句与状从的时态呼应问题 (时态的一致性问题)
(1)“主将从现”原则 (2) since与完成时 (3) 特殊句式的时态
如hardly…when…,其时态规定为 “前过完·后一过”
10
3、状从的倒装结构 4、状从的省略现象 5、状从与非谓之间的转换
11
6、状从与定从的混淆干扰; 7、状从与名从的混淆干扰; 8、强调句用于强调状从的情况; 9、状从中的虚拟语气(另辟专章); 10、其他相关知识点。
= Scarcely had he gone when she appeared. 注意:no sooner, hardly, scarcely, barely置
于句首时应引起主句的部分倒装, 且时态限制为
“前过完后一过”。
14
(二)连接词when, while, as的用法区别:
1.when引导时状从表示“当……的时候”。
Though (he was) defeated, he didn’t lose heart.
Practice speaking English whenever (it is) possible.
4
一、状语从句高考的考查特点
1. 试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点
(不同性质的连词; 定语从句和名词性从句的干扰)
instant,etc. (一…就…); every time, each time,
next time, the first time, the last time, by the
time, etc.
13
3. 副词类(由副词充当引导词):immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一...就...)
尽管种类众多,但由于状从与汉语的结构
和用法类似,所以理解和掌握状从并不难。
切记:准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握
状语从句的关键。
3
状从注意事项:
1. 从句中用陈述语序,(只有主句才能倒装)。
2. 在时间、条件等状从中,不用将来时态。
3. 如果主从复合句的主语一致,从句中的谓语动 词又有be,可以把从句中的主语及be省略掉。 若不一致,如果从句的主语是it + be,也可省掉。 各举一例如下:
从句既可用延续性动词,又可用瞬间动词,这些动词既 可表示动作,又可表示状态。从句中的动作既可和主句 动作同时发生,又可在主句动作之前或之后发生。 (例句直接见试题,如“攻关”P97 习题) (1)如果when从句的主语与主句主语相同,谓语又是be动 词,从句主语和be可以省略。例: When in trouble = When you are in trouble When sleeping = when I am sleeping (2)如果从句用完成时,连词只能用when,而不能用while 或as。例: I’ll let you know ____ it has been arranged. 15
知识梳理及考点归纳
1
状从的定义:
在复合句中由从句表示 的状语称作状语从句, 它可用来修饰主句谓语 或整个主句。
2
状从的位置:
比较灵活,可置于句首、句中或句末。位 于句首时,常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。
状从的分类(根据用途分为9大类):
时、地、原、结、目、条、让、比、方
seeing that等引导原状从 (“攻关”P100) (3)if / unless等引导条状从
(“攻关”P102)8(4)so…that / such…that引导结状从 (“攻关”P106)
(5)wh-ever系列词及no matter +wh系列词引 导让步状从;此外前者还可引导名词性从句。
例见“张漫”P26 T63 ——交叉综合的典范试题
2. 题干句的情景化增强,句意理解难度提高
例见“张漫”P5 T93 ——正答率极低的高考真题 5
二、能力要求:
1.了解状从的分类情况及各种状从中经 常使用的连词。
2.能够在真实语境中判定从句与主句 的逻辑关系,从而能够选用或使用恰 当的连词完成交际。
2.while引导时状从时,表示“当…时/在…期间”。
必须后接延续性动词,它强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生,或 强调主句表示的动作持续于while所指的整个时间段之内。
例如:
Please write while I read.
I was reading the book while he was watching TV.
e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work.
4.句型类:no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely/barely… when… (刚…就…)
e.g . He had scarcely gone when she appeared.
12
考点逐条精讲之一:状从的连词选择及使用
一、时状从(连词最多的状从)
(一) 引导时间状语从句的从属连词
1.基本类:before、after、when、while、as、 since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc.
2.名词类(由名词词组充当引导词):
the moment ,the minute, the second, the
3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的
用法区别。
6
三、状从考点梳理:
7
1、状从的连词选择及使用
必须准确掌握每一个常用连词, 尤其注意区别如下几组连接词: (1)while / as / when引导时状从(“攻关”P96) (2)because / since / as / for / now that /
注意:
(1)若主句动作在从句动作过程中发生,从句常用进行时。
Don’t talk too loud while others are working.
(2)若主句和从句主语相同,while加现在分词可代替状从。
While discussing the matter, many comrades got very excited.
(“攻关”P104 及 P80)
9
2、主句与状从的时态呼应问题 (时态的一致性问题)
(1)“主将从现”原则 (2) since与完成时 (3) 特殊句式的时态
如hardly…when…,其时态规定为 “前过完·后一过”
10
3、状从的倒装结构 4、状从的省略现象 5、状从与非谓之间的转换
11
6、状从与定从的混淆干扰; 7、状从与名从的混淆干扰; 8、强调句用于强调状从的情况; 9、状从中的虚拟语气(另辟专章); 10、其他相关知识点。
= Scarcely had he gone when she appeared. 注意:no sooner, hardly, scarcely, barely置
于句首时应引起主句的部分倒装, 且时态限制为
“前过完后一过”。
14
(二)连接词when, while, as的用法区别:
1.when引导时状从表示“当……的时候”。
Though (he was) defeated, he didn’t lose heart.
Practice speaking English whenever (it is) possible.
4
一、状语从句高考的考查特点
1. 试题的设问呈现出交叉和综合的特点
(不同性质的连词; 定语从句和名词性从句的干扰)
instant,etc. (一…就…); every time, each time,
next time, the first time, the last time, by the
time, etc.
13
3. 副词类(由副词充当引导词):immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一...就...)
尽管种类众多,但由于状从与汉语的结构
和用法类似,所以理解和掌握状从并不难。
切记:准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握
状语从句的关键。
3
状从注意事项:
1. 从句中用陈述语序,(只有主句才能倒装)。
2. 在时间、条件等状从中,不用将来时态。
3. 如果主从复合句的主语一致,从句中的谓语动 词又有be,可以把从句中的主语及be省略掉。 若不一致,如果从句的主语是it + be,也可省掉。 各举一例如下:
从句既可用延续性动词,又可用瞬间动词,这些动词既 可表示动作,又可表示状态。从句中的动作既可和主句 动作同时发生,又可在主句动作之前或之后发生。 (例句直接见试题,如“攻关”P97 习题) (1)如果when从句的主语与主句主语相同,谓语又是be动 词,从句主语和be可以省略。例: When in trouble = When you are in trouble When sleeping = when I am sleeping (2)如果从句用完成时,连词只能用when,而不能用while 或as。例: I’ll let you know ____ it has been arranged. 15