比较结构的翻译1214820页PPT
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英汉语句子结构比.ppt.Convertor
1英汉语句子结构比较与翻译英汉两种语言属于不同的语系，经过长期的历史演变，形成了各自鲜明的特点。
英语：印欧语系，综合型（并向分析型过渡）汉语：汉藏语系，分析型综合型语言是指主要通过词汇本身的形态变化（性、数、格、时、语态）来表达语义。
分析型语言指语言中的语法关系主要不是通过词汇自身的形态变化来表达，而是通过虚词、词序等手段来完成。
英语的形合与汉语的意合所谓形合，指语言的词语和分句之间用自身的形式手段（如关联词）连接起来，表达语法意义和逻辑关系。
所谓意合，指词语或分句之间不用语言形式手段连接，句中的语法意义和逻辑关系通过词语和分句的含义来表达。
傅雷：“东方人与西方人的地位方式有基本分歧，我人重综合，重归纳，重暗示；西方人则重分析，细微曲折，挖掘惟恐不周。
”庄绎传：“我感觉汉语的句子结构好比一根竹子，一节一节地连下去；而英语的句子结构好比一串葡萄，主干可能很短，累累果实附着在上面。
”vs.我们过了江，进了车站。
我买了票，他忙着照看行礼。
……这时我看见他的背影，我的泪很快地流下来了。
我赶紧拭干了泪，怕他看见，也怕别人看见。
（朱自清《背影》）We crossed the Y angtze and arrived at the station, where I bought a ticket while he saw to my luggage… At the sight of his burly back tears started to my eyes, but I wiped them hastily so that neither he nor anyone else might see them.(Translated by Hsienyi Y ang and Gladys Yang）Mr. Kennedy apparently was hit by the first of what witness believed were three shots.肯尼迪先生明显的是被目击者相信开了三枪中的第一枪击中的。
英语学习汉英平行结构对比与翻译PPT课件
Books are the best friends of mine. They provide me with a key to the door out of ignorance and into a new horizon. They never turn their backs upon me when I am in need. Books are my sweet heart in youth, companion and comforter in age.
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第15页/共47页
2）短语平行
短语平行是指结构相同或相似的介词短语 ﹑动词短语﹑分词短语﹑不定式短语等词组 并列而构成的平行结构，可使语义层层推进， 极具感染力。 如：
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第16页/共47页
短语平行举例
1. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. (Francis Bacon) 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足 以长才
3. 您所拨打的用户心已欠费,爱已停机,感情不在服务区，请您不要再拨。
第8页/共47页
C→E Translation
1.The festival is coming, so I’d like t o send you my best wishes. I wish you to have a smooth operation ev erywhere, to enjoy a better life ou t and in, to win lottery time and ag ain, to have a good luck day by da y, to get younger and younger an d to become more and more hand
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第15页/共47页
2）短语平行
短语平行是指结构相同或相似的介词短语 ﹑动词短语﹑分词短语﹑不定式短语等词组 并列而构成的平行结构，可使语义层层推进， 极具感染力。 如：
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第16页/共47页
短语平行举例
1. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. (Francis Bacon) 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足 以长才
3. 您所拨打的用户心已欠费,爱已停机,感情不在服务区，请您不要再拨。
第8页/共47页
C→E Translation
1.The festival is coming, so I’d like t o send you my best wishes. I wish you to have a smooth operation ev erywhere, to enjoy a better life ou t and in, to win lottery time and ag ain, to have a good luck day by da y, to get younger and younger an d to become more and more hand
英语比较结构的翻译优秀课件
• 英语中常见的比较结构主要包括比较级， 递增或递减式比较，强化式比较，否定式 比较，选择式比较等。
一、比较级
• 比较级包括超越、相等和差逊三种情况。 • 1）超越。表示超越的比较结构主要有： • better than（胜过，优于）， • more than+从句（多余，超过）， • “than +关系代词”的从句（再……不过）， • superior to（占优势，比……胜一筹）。
• He didn’t so much as ask me to set down.
• 他甚至没有请我坐下。 • He cannot so much as spell a
word.
• 他甚至连一个词也不会写。 • He hadn’t so much as his fare
（这人就是我。）
一、as…as…句型
（一）as…as…句型
as…as…句型是同级比较，表示两 者比较程度一样。所以在翻译的时候，
通常翻译为“…和….一样”。
你来译： 她和以前一样对音乐感兴趣。
She is as much interested in music as ever.
二）not as (or so)…as…句型
• 例如：
• Doing is better than saying.百说不如 一做
• She has talked more than what is necessary.她说了一些多余的话 He is superior to his elder brother. 他比他哥哥强
• He is a scholar than whom no man ever will be more honest.
• 他是个再诚实不过的学者了。
第三章比较句式的翻译放映.ppt
• 该市江边有一个很大的图书馆,但我知道 是不允许黑人去光顾它的书架的,正如不 许黑人进入市里的公园和体育场一样。
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• ------The greatness of a people is no more determined by their number than the greatness of a man is determined by his height.
• 关于我们的对外政策,维持和其他国家的友好 关系,既是我们的义务,也同样是我们的利益。
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C．句型A is to B what C is to D, 译作“A 对于B, 如同C对于D”。
• ------A pen is to a writer what a gun to a soldier.
• 这是一次奇妙的交锋，与其说是老夫妇 之间的一场辩论，不如说是一次争吵。
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• ------He could no more be a valet than he could be a stockbroker or a wire-walker.
• 贴身男仆的活他干不了,就像他当不了证券经 纪人,也走不了钢丝一样。
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• ------There was a huge library near the riverfront, but I knew that Negroes were not allowed to patronize its shelves any more than they were the parks and playgrounds of the city.
• 如果指望他改掉火爆脾气,还不如指望豹子去掉 身上的斑点。
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• ------The greatness of a people is no more determined by their number than the greatness of a man is determined by his height.
• 关于我们的对外政策,维持和其他国家的友好 关系,既是我们的义务,也同样是我们的利益。
优秀课件，精彩无限！
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C．句型A is to B what C is to D, 译作“A 对于B, 如同C对于D”。
• ------A pen is to a writer what a gun to a soldier.
• 这是一次奇妙的交锋，与其说是老夫妇 之间的一场辩论，不如说是一次争吵。
优秀课件，精彩无限！
• ------He could no more be a valet than he could be a stockbroker or a wire-walker.
• 贴身男仆的活他干不了,就像他当不了证券经 纪人,也走不了钢丝一样。
优秀课件，精彩无限！
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• ------There was a huge library near the riverfront, but I knew that Negroes were not allowed to patronize its shelves any more than they were the parks and playgrounds of the city.
• 如果指望他改掉火爆脾气,还不如指望豹子去掉 身上的斑点。
3.比较结构的翻译
2) It's nothing less than murder to send such a small group of soldiers out to attack those heavily
defended enemy positions.
派这样一小股士兵去攻打那些有重兵把守的敌军 阵地无异于叫他们去送死。
others just as some people have more musical talent, mathematical talent, etc. than others.
有些人比别人更有幽默感，就像有些人更具有音乐、数学 等才能一样。
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翻译技巧——比较结构的翻译
请注意一些特色句型：
2.1 more... than 更多··而不是 ·· ·· 1) I was more annoyed than worried when he didn't come home.
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翻译技巧——比较结构的翻译
1.2 no more than, no more... than 与··一样(不) ·· ·· 1) His grammar is no better than mine.
他的语法同我的一样糟。
2) He’s no more fit to be a priest than I am!
1) He never looked so energetic as when he was playing tennis.
他在打网球时显得精力最充沛。
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翻译技巧——比较结构的翻译
2) No book is so interesting as that which we read last night.
汉英词汇比较与翻译ppt课件
–上场 –上访 –
to appear on the stage
to apply for an audience with the higher authorities to appeal for help
–上轨道 –上马
to get on the right track to mount a horse
• 2佃农家庭的生活自然是很苦的。可是由于母亲聪明能干， 却也舒服。
• The life of a tenant farmer’s family was of course hard, but we somehow managed to scrape along because mother was a clever and able woman.
international relations • 国民经济信息化: build an information-based national
economy • 科研成果产业化: apply scientific research results to
industrial production
• 1他昨天擦破了皮，现在到医院换药去了。
• Let me tell the story from the very beginning.
• 他们是一头儿的。
• They are on the same side.
• 他头天上午就来了。
• He came here the previous morning.
• 这还是我头一次来杭州呢。
• This is the first time I have been in Hangzhou.
• My betrothed! Damn him, he simply refused to come into the bridal chamber!
比较级和最高级的翻译 共20页PPT资料22页PPT
有哪个社会可以制订一部永远 适用的 宪法， 甚至一 条永远 适用的 法律。 ——杰 斐逊 52、法律源于人的自卫本能。——英 格索尔
53、人们通常会发现，法律就是这样 一种的 网，触 犯法律 的人， 小的可 以穿网 而过， 大的可 以破网 而出， 只有中 等的才 会坠入 网中。 ——申 斯通 54、法律就是法律它是一座雄伟的大 夏，庇 护着我 们大家 ；它的 每一块 砖石都 垒在另 一块砖 石上。 ——高 尔斯华 绥 55、今天的法律未必明天仍是法律。 ——罗·伯顿
31、只有永远躺在泥坑里的人，才不会再掉进坑里。——黑格尔 32、希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德 33、希望是人生的乳母。——科策布 34、形成天才的决定因素应该是勤奋。——郭沫若 35、学到很多东西的诀窍，就是一下子不要学很多。——洛克
53、人们通常会发现，法律就是这样 一种的 网，触 犯法律 的人， 小的可 以穿网 而过， 大的可 以破网 而出， 只有中 等的才 会坠入 网中。 ——申 斯通 54、法律就是法律它是一座雄伟的大 夏，庇 护着我 们大家 ；它的 每一块 砖石都 垒在另 一块砖 石上。 ——高 尔斯华 绥 55、今天的法律未必明天仍是法律。 ——罗·伯顿
31、只有永远躺在泥坑里的人，才不会再掉进坑里。——黑格尔 32、希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德 33、希望是人生的乳母。——科策布 34、形成天才的决定因素应该是勤奋。——郭沫若 35、学到很多东西的诀窍，就是一下子不要学很多。——洛克
《形容词比较结构》课件
翻译练习
翻译句子："The weather is warmer than yesterday."
翻译句子："He is taller than his brother."
翻译句子："She is more beautiful than her sister."
翻译句子："The movie is more interesting than the book."
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在翻译中，形容词比较结构可以表示程度的差异，如"much better"、"far more expensive"等。
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在翻译中，形容词比较结构可以表示比较的结果，如"the most beautiful"、"the least expensive"等。
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在翻译中，形容词比较结构可以表示比较的频率，如"more often"、"less frequently"等。
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比较级+as+形容 词+as：表示和...
一样...
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比较级 +than+any+ot her+名词：表示 比任何其他...都...
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比较级 +than+any+ot
her+名词 +in+the+world： 表示比世界上任何
其他...都...
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比较级 +than+any+ot
比较级：比较两个形容词的级别，如"A比B更漂亮"
英语平行结构和比较结构【优质PPT】
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1. Tom is tall _w_h_il_e_____ his brother is short.
2. She got up early,_b_u_t _____ she failed to be there on time.
3. It is not wrong of people to pursue wealth; ___ye_t ____, they should also try to learn to fulfill their knowledge.
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• 常见的并列连词有： 1、表递进关系：and, not only…but also…,
neither…nor…, not… but… 2. 选择关系：or，either…or…, otherwise,
whether...or 3. 转折对比关系: but, yet, whereas, while, still 4. 因果关系：so, for 5. 并列关系：and, when
• Bothe she and I are interested in English literature.
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• 3. not only…but (also)…不仅……而且……
• not only…but…as well不仅……而且……也
• as well as和
• …and…as well和
• Either he didn’t speak clearly or you didn’t hear well.
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三、表示转折和对比意义的并列 连词
• but（但是），yet（然而），while（而，却） 等
高中英语语法——比较结构(42张)ppt课件
3. Of all forms of energy, electricity is most widely used.
考点五： 在 more … than 构造中， than 有时可看作 关系代词，相当于than what…
1. There ought to be less anxiety over the risk of getting cancer than exists in the public mind today. (Than = than what…) 人们不应该像今天这样担忧害怕患上癌症。
Most wine from Switzerland is inferior to wine from France.
考点四：
最高级用于三者以上的事物之间的比较，所 以比较的范围自然是少不了。普通表示地方 用介词in; 表示所属关系和人物比较用介词 of. ( 即the +最高级＋in /of …)
3. A whale is __n_o__m__o_rea fish __t_h_a_n_a horse is.
(= A whale is not a fish any more than a horse is.)
[译文]鲸和马都不是鱼。(鲸之非鱼类，正如 马之非鱼类。)
4. They will _n_o_m__o_r_e__sell their freedom for roubles _t_h_a_n_for dollars.
Last year, land values in most parts of the pinelands rose almost as fast as, those outside the pinelands.
3. This is the same car that I rode on yesterday. 这就是就是我昨天坐过的那辆车。 4. This is the same car as I rode on yesterday. 这辆车像我昨天坐过的那辆一样。
考点五： 在 more … than 构造中， than 有时可看作 关系代词，相当于than what…
1. There ought to be less anxiety over the risk of getting cancer than exists in the public mind today. (Than = than what…) 人们不应该像今天这样担忧害怕患上癌症。
Most wine from Switzerland is inferior to wine from France.
考点四：
最高级用于三者以上的事物之间的比较，所 以比较的范围自然是少不了。普通表示地方 用介词in; 表示所属关系和人物比较用介词 of. ( 即the +最高级＋in /of …)
3. A whale is __n_o__m__o_rea fish __t_h_a_n_a horse is.
(= A whale is not a fish any more than a horse is.)
[译文]鲸和马都不是鱼。(鲸之非鱼类，正如 马之非鱼类。)
4. They will _n_o_m__o_r_e__sell their freedom for roubles _t_h_a_n_for dollars.
Last year, land values in most parts of the pinelands rose almost as fast as, those outside the pinelands.
3. This is the same car that I rode on yesterday. 这就是就是我昨天坐过的那辆车。 4. This is the same car as I rode on yesterday. 这辆车像我昨天坐过的那辆一样。
4.3.比较结构的翻译 PPT课件
children were immediately taken into care.
Notes:
Sample
1. intoxicated: affected (as if) by aluilding or part of a building 3. syringe: 注射器
1) His grammar is no better than mine.
他的语法同我的一样糟。
2) He’s no more fit to be a priest than I am!
他和我一样完全不适合当牧师。
3
翻译技巧——比较结构的翻译
1.3 no less... than/nothing less than 并不劣于，同等 1) The joke is no less funny because it is so often used.
• 邂逅这样一个大美人，他激动万分。
• 5. Music whose meaning is slightly different with each hearing has a greater chance of remaining alive.
• (1) 每次聆听时意义略有不同的音乐则有 更大的可能长久不衰。
2) —"Leave me alone!" my father snarled. —If he had clubbed me over the head, I could not have been more hurt.
——“不要吵我！”我父亲喊道。 ——他就是用棍棒打我头，也不会比这更令我难受。
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murder and armed robbery.
A caller rang Crimestoppers with precise details about
比较结构的翻译PPT优秀资料
4. He left the White House a wiser but sadder man. 1、American presidents tend to be judged less by the goods they set in motion than by how well they respond to crises.
(1) 每次聆听时意义略有不同的音乐则有更大的可 3、She was as good as dead after the final exam. 能长久不衰。 获取知识不易，传授知识亦难。
3、It is not advice as much as approval that he seeks. 四、“as…as…”的译法
1、The problem is probably as much political as military.
这主要是因为美国市场有这种需求。 (3) 大体上说，在整个美国大陆上，加州的全年气候是最温和的。
与其说他在征求意见，不如说他在期望得到赞同。 3、It is not advice as much as approval that he seeks.
英语比较结构的翻译
一、比较级的一般翻译
1. California on the whole has a climate milder all the year round than that of any other places in the Continental United States.
2、Charles is more cautious than decisive. 查尔斯谨慎有余，果敢不足。
3、It is not advice as much as approval that he seeks. 与其说他在征求意见，不如说他在期望得到赞同。
(1) 每次聆听时意义略有不同的音乐则有更大的可 3、She was as good as dead after the final exam. 能长久不衰。 获取知识不易，传授知识亦难。
3、It is not advice as much as approval that he seeks. 四、“as…as…”的译法
1、The problem is probably as much political as military.
这主要是因为美国市场有这种需求。 (3) 大体上说，在整个美国大陆上，加州的全年气候是最温和的。
与其说他在征求意见，不如说他在期望得到赞同。 3、It is not advice as much as approval that he seeks.
英语比较结构的翻译
一、比较级的一般翻译
1. California on the whole has a climate milder all the year round than that of any other places in the Continental United States.
2、Charles is more cautious than decisive. 查尔斯谨慎有余，果敢不足。
3、It is not advice as much as approval that he seeks. 与其说他在征求意见，不如说他在期望得到赞同。
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几倍”的语义，只有“是……几倍”的语义。即使添 加by，说成A has incread by three times，其语 义与A has increased three times相同，都是指A 增加了两倍。
• 关于倍数的用法，对学生的建议是：从理解的角 度上应把A is 8 times as high as B与A is 8 times higher than B视为意义相同的表达法。
• 1）We walked no less than 10 miles. • 我们走了十英里。
• She is no less active than she used to be • 她和从前一样活跃。
• The lion is no less cruel than the tiger. • 狮子与老虎一样残忍。
• 3) The gun was no longer than 18 inches.那支
枪只有18英寸长。（强调短）
• 4) I have taken no more than six courses this semester. 本学期我只选了六门课。
• 5) You are no more than a child.你不过还是个小 孩。
同级比较
• 一、原级的翻译 • 1．The sun is 330,000 times as large as
the earth. • 太阳比地球大330，000倍。 • 2．The speed of sound in water is about
four times as fast as in air. • 声音在水中的传播速度比在空气中大三倍
倍数的翻译
• “A比B高五倍” • 不可译成：（1）A is 5 times higher than B • 应译成： • （2）A is 6 times as high as B • （3）A is 6 times higher than B • 解释：在英语中如使用time，就不存在“比……大
• It is not much more than noon. • 刚过晌午。 • You are no better than a coward. • 你简直就是一个胆小鬼。
• She is no more fond of swimming than I am. • 她和我一样不喜欢游泳。
• I am no more mad than you are. • 我和你都没疯。
• 她的容貌跟她姐姐相差无几（一样丑）。 • 比较：
• She is not more beautiful than her sister. • 她没有她姐姐漂亮。 • She is not less beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。
• She is no less beautiful than her sister. • 她的容貌跟她姐姐相差无几（一样漂亮）。
• He is no cleverer than his brother. • 他和他兄弟一样笨。
• He is no more a god than we are. • 他和我们一样不是神。
• You can no more swim than I can fly. • 你不会游泳正如我不会飞一样。 。
• B. no more … than = not…any more than = as little as， “与……一样不”，表示两边程度都低，或否定双方 （more 是much 和many的比较级，单音节词加-er）
• She is no more beautiful than her sister.= She is not beautiful any more than her sister.
• 2．As the house is to the man, so is the nest to the bird and the cave to the animal.
• 室之于人，犹巢之于鸟，穴之与兽。 • 3．As fire tries gold, so does adversity try virtue. • 烈火可炼真金，同样，逆境可考验人的美德。
左右。
• 1．Air is to us as water is to fish. = Air is to us what water iWhat water is to fish, that air is to us. = As water is to fish, so air is to us.
• A. no more than… = only 不过、仅仅 （后接数词和名词）
• His whole school education added up to no more than one year. 仅有一年
• 2) I have no more than two yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里真眼只有两块钱。
• 但使用百分比，或者具体数字，便表达了汉语的“ 增加了百分之几”的概念。
• 如： • Increased 200% : 增加了百分之200 ====
increased three times
• Increased 7times=== increased 600%
比较级的翻译
• 1. no more than、no more…than、 not…more than、no less …than、not less…than
• He could no more be a valet （仆人） than he could be a stockbrokers or a wirewalker.
• 仆人的活他干不了，就像他当不了证券经 纪人，也走不了钢丝一样。
• no less…than = as much（many）as 不少于，不亚于， 与…一样多（高），与…一样 (肯定双方，双方程度都高)
• 关于倍数的用法，对学生的建议是：从理解的角 度上应把A is 8 times as high as B与A is 8 times higher than B视为意义相同的表达法。
• 1）We walked no less than 10 miles. • 我们走了十英里。
• She is no less active than she used to be • 她和从前一样活跃。
• The lion is no less cruel than the tiger. • 狮子与老虎一样残忍。
• 3) The gun was no longer than 18 inches.那支
枪只有18英寸长。（强调短）
• 4) I have taken no more than six courses this semester. 本学期我只选了六门课。
• 5) You are no more than a child.你不过还是个小 孩。
同级比较
• 一、原级的翻译 • 1．The sun is 330,000 times as large as
the earth. • 太阳比地球大330，000倍。 • 2．The speed of sound in water is about
four times as fast as in air. • 声音在水中的传播速度比在空气中大三倍
倍数的翻译
• “A比B高五倍” • 不可译成：（1）A is 5 times higher than B • 应译成： • （2）A is 6 times as high as B • （3）A is 6 times higher than B • 解释：在英语中如使用time，就不存在“比……大
• It is not much more than noon. • 刚过晌午。 • You are no better than a coward. • 你简直就是一个胆小鬼。
• She is no more fond of swimming than I am. • 她和我一样不喜欢游泳。
• I am no more mad than you are. • 我和你都没疯。
• 她的容貌跟她姐姐相差无几（一样丑）。 • 比较：
• She is not more beautiful than her sister. • 她没有她姐姐漂亮。 • She is not less beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。
• She is no less beautiful than her sister. • 她的容貌跟她姐姐相差无几（一样漂亮）。
• He is no cleverer than his brother. • 他和他兄弟一样笨。
• He is no more a god than we are. • 他和我们一样不是神。
• You can no more swim than I can fly. • 你不会游泳正如我不会飞一样。 。
• B. no more … than = not…any more than = as little as， “与……一样不”，表示两边程度都低，或否定双方 （more 是much 和many的比较级，单音节词加-er）
• She is no more beautiful than her sister.= She is not beautiful any more than her sister.
• 2．As the house is to the man, so is the nest to the bird and the cave to the animal.
• 室之于人，犹巢之于鸟，穴之与兽。 • 3．As fire tries gold, so does adversity try virtue. • 烈火可炼真金，同样，逆境可考验人的美德。
左右。
• 1．Air is to us as water is to fish. = Air is to us what water iWhat water is to fish, that air is to us. = As water is to fish, so air is to us.
• A. no more than… = only 不过、仅仅 （后接数词和名词）
• His whole school education added up to no more than one year. 仅有一年
• 2) I have no more than two yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里真眼只有两块钱。
• 但使用百分比，或者具体数字，便表达了汉语的“ 增加了百分之几”的概念。
• 如： • Increased 200% : 增加了百分之200 ====
increased three times
• Increased 7times=== increased 600%
比较级的翻译
• 1. no more than、no more…than、 not…more than、no less …than、not less…than
• He could no more be a valet （仆人） than he could be a stockbrokers or a wirewalker.
• 仆人的活他干不了，就像他当不了证券经 纪人，也走不了钢丝一样。
• no less…than = as much（many）as 不少于，不亚于， 与…一样多（高），与…一样 (肯定双方，双方程度都高)