新视野大学英语3第一课单词讲解分析
第三版新视野大学英语读写books3unit1a中英课文+句子要点解释
Unit 1 Section A Never, ever give up!永不言弃！1 As a young boy, Britain's great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been removed from the school for deviating from the rules. Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage in his refusal to surrender during the miserable dark days of World War II. His amazing determination helped motivate his entire nation and was an inspiration worldwide.1 英国的伟大首相温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士，小时候在哈罗公学上学。
当时他可不是个好学生，要不是出身名门，他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。
新视野大学英语(第三版)(第一册)课文单词详细讲解讲稿(Unit1)
Section AText A Toward a brighter future for all1.Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。
你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。
在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。
Words and phrase1. achievement n something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:e.g. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young.2. triumph n being successful or victorious 成功,胜利shouts of triumphgreat achievement or success 成功one of the triumphs of modern sciencev. ~ (over sb/sth) be successful or victorioustriumph over one's difficulties 战胜困难.3. pledge v ~ sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise solemnly to give (support,etc); give (one's word, honour, etc) as a pledge 保证给予（支持等）; 以（誓言﹑名誉等）作担保:pledge loyalty to the king 发誓效忠国王be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守秘密.~ sb/oneself (to sth/to do sth) promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth or support a cause, etc保证某人[自己]做某事或支持某事业等The Government has pledged itself to send aid to the famine victims. 政府已承诺赈济饥民.[Tn] leave (sth) with sb as a pledge典当（某物）:He's pledged his mother's wedding ring.[Tn] (fml ) drink to the health of (sb); toast (sb) 为（某人）的健康祝酒; 向（某人）祝酒: pledge the bride （新娘）and bridegroom（新郎）4. rewarding adj giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit 值得的；有意义的；有回报的Our journey to the orphanage (孤儿院) was a very rewarding experience.Antonym: unrewardingSynonym: satisfying5. as...as possible as + adj / adv +as ; as + adj + n + as 尽力做某事的意思We have to run as fast as possible.Can you say it as loudly as possible?I hope you’ll stay as long as possible.We need as many apples as possible.You must come back as soon as possible.Word formation note:adj suffix -ing1. -ing加在某些transitive verb后，构成adj，主要用于表示事物的性质或特征，或某物或某事给人的感觉、情感、印象等。
新视野大学英语第三版unit1单词解释
Section AText A Toward a brighter future for allWords and phrase1. achievement: n. something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:e.g. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young.2. triumph: n being successful or victorious 成功,胜利e.g. shouts of triumphgreat achievement or success 成功one of the triumphs of modern sciencev. ~ (over sb/sth): be successful or victoriouse.g. triumph over one's difficulties 战胜困难.3. pledge v ~ sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise solemnly to give (support,etc);give (one's word, honour, etc) as a pledge 保证给予（支持等）;以（誓言﹑名誉等）作担保:e.g. pledge loyalty to the king 发誓效忠国王be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守秘密.~ sb/oneself (to sth/to do sth): promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth or support a cause,etc保证某人[自己]做某事或支持某事业等e.g. The Government has pledged itself to send aid to the famine victims. 政府已承诺赈济饥民.leave (sth) with sb as a pledge: 典当（某物）e.g. He's pledged his mother's wedding ring.(fml ) drink to the health of (sb); toast (sb) 为（某人）的健康祝酒; 向（某人）祝酒:e.g. pledge the bride （新娘）and bridegroom（新郎）4. rewarding adj giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit 值得的；有意义的；有回报的e.g. Our journey to the orphanage (孤儿院) was a veryrewarding experience.Antonym: unrewardingSynonym: satisfying5. as...as possible as + adj / adv +as ; as + adj + n + as 尽力做某事的意思e.g. We have to run as fast as possible.Can you say it as loudly as possible?I hope you’ll stay as long as possible.We need as many apples as possible.You must come back as soon as possible.6. remind v~ sb to do sth: inform (sb) of a fact or tell (sb) to do sth he may have forgotten 提醒:e.g. Do I have to remind you yet again?Remind me to answer that letter.~ sb of sb/sth cause sb to remember or be newly aware of sb/sth 使某人回想起或意识到某人[某事物]:e.g He reminds me of his brother.This song reminds me of France.reminder n sth. that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth. 起提醒作用的东西e.g. The cold served as a reminder that winter wasn’t quite finished.The waiters were clearing the tables, which served as a reminder that it wastime to leave.7. pose v(a) [I, Ipr] ~ (for sb) sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted, drawn orphotographed 摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）:e.g. He had to pose wearing a laurel wreath. 他得摆好戴着月桂花冠的姿势. *(b) [Tn] put (sb) in a particular position in order to paint, draw or photograph him 使（某人）摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）:e.g. The artist posed his model carefully. 那位画家仔细摆好模特儿的姿势.(c) (derog 贬) behave in an unnatural or affected way in order to impress people 装腔作势:e.g. Stop posing and tell us what you really think. 别装蒜啦, 告诉我们你的真实想法吧.pose n1) position in which a person poses or is posed (pose 1b) （为画像或拍照而摆的）姿势,姿态:e.g. She adopted an elegant pose. 她摆了一个优美的姿势.2) (derog 贬) unnatural or affected way of behaving, intended to impress people 装腔作势的举动:e.g. His concern for the poor is only a pose. 他对穷人的关心只不过是做做样子罢了.8. routine n [C, U] fixed and regular way of doing things程序; 公事; 常规:e.g. She found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement.do sth as a matter of routine 按常规办事[attrib 作定语] routine tasks, chores, duties, etc 日常工作﹑日常事务﹑例行职责. [C] set sequence of movements in a dance or some other performance 舞蹈等表演的成套动作:e.g. go through a dance routine 做一套舞蹈动作.routine adj usual; habitual; regular 通常的; 惯例的; 例行的:e.g. the routine procedure 例行手续*routine maintenance 定期的保养*routinely adv.9. attain v [Tn] succeed in getting (sth); achievee.g. attain a position of power 获得权位attain one's goal, objective, ambition, etcattain our target of 50000 达到我们的50000英镑的目标.attainable adj that can be attainede.g. These objectives are certainly attainable.attainment n [U] success in reaching 达到; 到达:e.g. The attainment of her ambitions was still a dream. 她要实现抱负仍是一种梦想.[C usu pl] thing attained, esp skill or knowledge 成就; 造诣:e.g. a scholar of the highest attainments 造诣极高的学者.10. finished adj [pred] (not before noun) no longer doing, dealing with, or using sth.~ (with sb/sth) (infml)e.g. I won't be finished for another hour. 我还有一个小时才能完事.Are you finished with my tools yet? 我的工具你用完了吗？She decided she was finished with working for others. 她决定不再为别人做事.11. may have done sth.: used for talking about past possibilitiese.g. She might have changed her mind and decided not to come.12. foundation n[U] act of founding (an institution, organization, etc) 建立, 创立, 创办:e.g. the foundation of the university[C] (a) (organization set up to provide) sums of money for research, charity, etc （为研究﹑慈善事业等提供的）基金, 基金会:e.g. You may be able to get support from an arts foundation.[C usu pl] layer of bricks, concrete, etc forming the solid base of a buildingunderground 地基; 房基; 基础:e.g. lay the foundations of a building 给建筑物奠基[C, U] principle, idea or fact on which sth is based; basis （作为某事的）基本原则﹑思想或事实; 基础:e.g. lay the foundations of one's career 奠定个人事业的基础*That rumor has no foundation. 那谣言没有事实根据.13. unlike 1) adj. [pred 作表语] dissimilar; differente.g. They are so unlike nobody would believe they were sisters.2) prep. different from (sth); not like 与（某事物）不同; 不像...:e.g. Her latest novel is quite unlike her earlier work.14. resource n[C usu pl] supply of raw materials, etc which bring a country, person, etc wealth 资源:e.g. rich in natural, mineral, agricultural, etc resources 自然的﹑矿产的﹑农业的...资源丰富] (fml ) ingenuity or quick wit; initiative 才智; 机敏; 创造精神:e.g. a man of great resource 足智多谋的男子.15. learned: a. (fml.) learned people have a lot of knowledge because they have read andstudied a lot 有学问的；博学的e.g. My advisor is a very learned person and she could answer any question I asked.16. caring: a. thinking about what other people need or want and trying to help them 关心他人的；乐于助人的e.g. The school provides a caring environment for students. 学校为学生提供了充满关怀的环境。
新视野大学英语第三册Unit 1
号码簿 a code book （电话）区号 an area code
②[C, U] 密码
战争期间，英国人成功地破译了纳粹的密码。
The British managed to break the Nazi codes during the war.
这个罪犯终于要依法惩处了。At last the criminals are being brought to justice.
2.wreck n.① a badly damaged ship, car or plane;残骸
他们潜入水下寻找一艘西班牙沉船中的黄金。
If these anxieties continue, she will become a nervous wreck.
3. To read with the skill ‘problem + response + evaluation’.
教
材
分
析
Part Two: Notes To The Text
☆New words and expressions
I.New words
1.justice n. the quality of being just; fairness正义；合理
如果你不努力的话，你将一事无成。If you don’t work hard, you’ll end up nowhere.
11. get (sb.) through help sb. deal with a difficult situation
新视野大学英语第三版1U1单词详解+课后练习答案.ppt
Mr. Cross will assume the role of CEO with a team of four directors. 克罗斯先生将担任由４位执行官组成的一个团 队的首席执行官一职。
Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He was the founder of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient “sage”. His words and life story were recorded in The Analects ， an enduring classic of ancient Chinese culture. The Analects has had a great influence on the thinkers, writers, and statesmen that came after Confucius. Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years' traditional Chinese culture. Much of Confucius' thought, especially his thought on education, has had a profound influence on Chinese society. In the 21st century, Confucian thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community.
新视野大学英语第三版第三册 unit 1 Section B讲解
3. Why did the station manager take on Les Brown to do small tasks at last? (Para.10)
Tips
Being moved by Les Brown’s persistence, the station manager finally gave in and took Les on to do small tasks — at no pay.
2. What was the reaction of Les Brown’s friends when he was constantly practicing to realize his dream? (Para. 4)
3. Why did the station manager take on Les Brown to do small tasks at last? (Para.10)
Section B C h a n c e f avo r s t h e p r e p a r e d
Text study
Text comprehension Language focus Critical thinking
Questions previewing
1. Why was Les Brown placed in special education classes? (Para. 2)
way through high school. (Para. 2) 解释:
Because he was more active and talkative than
新视野大学英语3(词汇解释--unit one)
The position of headmaster has fallen vacant. 校长的职位暂时空缺。 搭配：a vacant room 空房间
vacant position 空缺职位 with vacant looks 带着茫然的神情
6. long a. 长的；长期的；ad. 长期地； vi.渴望
那些画被隐藏在厚厚的灰泥层下面。
disguise: 多指通过外表或行为的伪装“掩饰” 真是身份、动机或态度等。如：
To get into the building, I disguised myself as a reporter.为了进入大楼，我装扮成记者。
hide: 最常用词，可指故意 “隐藏、隐瞒”， 也可指无意地“隐藏”。如：
wanted in the library. 我终于在图书馆里找到了你想要的那本书。
用法：track down 后接人或物。
2. pick on 找茬，欺负
e.g. Lily told her mother that her classmates were always picking on her.
e.g. My friends’ help got me through those tough days.
我朋友的帮助让我渡过了那些艰难的日子。
用法: get through 还可表示“通过（考试等）；（
用电话等）联系上”。
派生：restrained a. 克制的 restraint n. 抑制；约束措施
重点短语
1. track down 跟踪找到，查到 e.g. The police tracked down the criminal in
新视野大学英语第三册第一单元单词详解
as a disguise.
The woman tried to disguise her sadness in
cheerfulness.
Examples
1) The woman in the park turned out to be a police
officer in disguise. 2) His illness was a blessing in disguise, because he afterwards married his nurse. 3) She disguised herself as a man, but she couldn't disguise her voice. 4) It proved difficult to disguise his anxiety.
The swimming pool is drained and cleaned every
winter.
brain drain
lead up to
Examples 1) The events that led up to the murder
were shown in a series of flashbacks.
reckon with
We hadn’t reckoned with the possibility that it might rain. I didn't reckon with having to wait so long.
drain
These children drain my energy.
pledge
Examples
1) The new governor pledged to reduce crime. 2) John pledged that his company will give aid to schools.
新视野大学英语(第三版)Book3 Unit1 知识点资料讲解
新视野大学英语(第三版)B o o k3U n i t1知识点Book 3 Unit 1 教材总结Text A一、单词1. deviate vi. 背离；偏离2. preclude vt. 阻碍；阻止；妨碍3. premier a. 最好的；最大的；最重要的n. [C] a prime minister 首相；总理4. whereby ad. 凭那个；借以5. civic a. 1公民的；市民的 2城镇的；城市的6. patriotic a. 爱国的；有爱国心的7. clear-cut a. 明确的；清楚的8. inhibit vt. 阻碍；妨碍；抑制9. scholarly a. 1 博学的；学问精深的 2学者的；学术的10. idiot n. [C]笨蛋；傻子11. bypass vt. 1（做某事时）避开，越过（某人） 2绕过；绕…走12. persecution n. [C, U]（尤指因种族、宗教或政治信仰而进行的）迫害，残害13. misfortune n. 1 [C]不幸的事；灾难 2 [U]厄运；不幸14. glamor n. [U] 魅力；吸引力15. glamorous a. 极富魅力的；非常吸引人的16. tragic a. 可悲的；悲惨的；不幸的；悲剧性的17. spur n. [C]刺激；激励；鞭策；鼓舞18. vt. 1 encourage sb. to do sth. 刺激；激励；鞭策；鼓舞 2 cause sth. to happen 使发生19. optimism n. [U]乐观；乐观主义20. dedication n. [U] 奉献；献身21. commend vt. 1 praise sb. or sth. formally or publicly （正式或公开）表扬，称赞，表彰22. 2 tell sb. that a person or thing is good, useful, or suitable 推荐23. uphold vt. 支持；拥护；维护24. endeavor n. [C, U] 努力；尽力25. vi. (~ to do sth.) try very hard to do sth. 努力做（某事）；尽力做（某事）26. statesman n. [C]政治家27. diligent a. 勤奋的；用功的28. pursuit n. [U]追求；寻求29. ranch n. [C]大牧场30. prestige n. [U]声望；名望；威信（enjoy a great~）31. circuit [C] 1（与某种活动相关的人）定期前往的一系列场所 2电路；回路；线路 3环形路线32. unprecedented a. 1前所未有的；史无前例的 2 （大小、数量、程度等）前所未知的，空前的33. nominate vt. 提名；推荐34. appoint vt. 1任命；委派；指派 2 确定，指定，约定（时间或地点）35. abortion n. [C]人工流产；堕胎36. expend vt. 花费；消耗；支出37. threat n. 1 [C, U] 危害；威胁 2 [C] 恐吓；威胁38. inward a. 1内心的；精神的 2 向内的；向中心的；内部的39. robust a. 1坚定的；强硬的 2（人）强壮的，强健的40. maintain vt. 保持；维持41. slack vi. 偷懒；逃避工作 a. 1松弛的；不紧的 2 松懈的；懈怠的；疏忽的42. transcend vt. 超越，摆脱（消极的态度、思想或情绪）43. handicap n. [C] 1障碍；不利条件 2（身体或智力的）缺陷，残疾（该词现在被认为具冒犯义）44. feat n. [C]技艺；业绩；功绩二、词组1. remove sth. / sb. from sth.移开；拿开；去掉；从…机构开除2. deviate from sth.背离；偏离；违背3. preclude sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事；妨碍某人做某事4. write sb. / sth. off认定…失败（或没有价值、不可救药等）5. fail in sth.做…失败；未能做到…6. triumph over打败；战胜；成功7. in (the) pursuit of sth.在追求…的过程中；在寻求…的过程中8. work one's way to / through / into（通过努力）逐步达到9. act as充当；起作用10. fall down不足；不够好Text B一、单词1. stricken—~（与某些名词连用）受…侵袭的 poverty-stricken areas贫困地区2. a. 1患病的；受伤的 2罹难的；受侵害的；受灾的；遭损失的3. prospective a. (only before noun) 1可能发生的；预期的 2可能的；有希望的4. destined a. (never before noun) 1注定的；肯定的 2 (~ for)指定的；预定的5. jockey n. 操作者6. celebrity n. 1 [C]（尤指娱乐界、体育界的）名人，名流 2 [U]出名；著名7. indulge v. （使）（自己）沉湎于；（让自己）享受一下indulge oneself in…让自己沉溺于…8. masterpiece n. [C] 1杰作；名著；大作 2典范9. aggravate vt. 1激怒；惹恼 2使（尤指局势或病情）恶化；加剧10. scorn vt. 看不起；鄙视n. [U]轻蔑；鄙视11. nonetheless ad. 然而；不过12. renowned a. 有名望的；著名的13. enterprise n. [C] 1（尤指全新或不同的）事业，计划 2企业；公司；事业单位14. layout n. [C] 陈设；布局；安排15. dubious a. 1无把握的；怀疑的2令人怀疑的；不确定的；靠不住的16. straw n. 1 [U] （干燥的）麦秆，稻草，禾杆 2 [C]（喝饮料用的）吸管17. expertise n. [U] （从经历、培训或学习中得来的）特殊技能，专门知识18. blunt a. （言语）率直的，直言不讳的，直截了当的19. bust n. (infml.) (mainly AmE) a complete failure 彻底的失败20. adore vt. 疼爱；爱慕；崇拜21. persuasive a. 有说服力的；能使人信服的22. cater v. 1 (~ to / for) 满足，迎合（某群人的需要） 2（为…）提供饮食，承办酒席23. The restaurant is capable of catering food for several hundred people. 这个饭店能为数百人提供饮食。
新视野3(第二版)Unit-1-单词分析解析
Paragraph 8
This hit home a few days after the September 11th disaster on Jimmy's 57th birthday. I had a party for him in my home in New York, but none of our family could join us because travel was difficult and they were still reckoning with the sheer terror the disaster had brought. I called on my faithful friends to help make it a merry and festive occasion, ignoring the fact that most of them were emotionally drained and exhausted. Instead of the customary "No gifts, please", I shouted, "Gifts! Please!"
Paragraph 1
My brother, Jimmy, did not get enough oxygen during a difficult delivery, leaving him with brain damage, and two years later I was born. Since then, my life revolved around my brother's. Accompanying my growing up was always "go out and play and take your brother with you". I couldn't go anywhere without him, so I urged the neighborhood kids to come to my house for some out-of-control kid-centered fun.
新视野大学英语第三版第三册第一单元单词详细解析
preclude
Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on
university. 谢天谢地，他总算从哈罗毕业了，在那里犯下的错误并没影响到他上大学。
单词
意思
2
英语单词
单词
意思
unprecedented
Even with the prestige of her degree from Stanford,she was rejected from the entire law circuit as
firms preferred to hire less qualified men rather than risk hiring a female lawyer,which was
即使斯坦福大学的学位有良好的声誉她仍被整个法律界拒之门外因为事务所宁愿聘请才干稍逊的男性也不愿冒险破例雇佣一位女律师
1
英语单词
单词
意思
deviate
He was not a good student,and had he not been from a famous family,he probably would have been remove from the school for deviating from the rule 当时他可不是个好学生，要不是出身名门，他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。
school, Harrow. 在他首相任期即将结束时，他应邀前往母校哈罗公学，为满怀报国之志的同学们 作演讲。
单词
意思
persecution
新视野大学英语3unit1课后练习答案分析解析
3. Whoever was out there obviously couldn’t see him just as he couldn’t see them.
4. She has been searching all her life for the perfect chocolate just as I have been searching for the perfect beer.
whether he is superior or inferior
,
(无论事情大小，无论他地位凹凸)it is proper to
say “thank you” .
2. The invention of the steam engine changed s(正hip如s其,ju已st经as变it更ha了d c陆ha地n运ge输d l一an样d t)ransport
2. No matter what a woman tries to do to improve her situation
3. No matter what excuse he gives 4. No matter what anyone else may think 5. no matter how they rewrite history
No matter… 与 疑问词+ever 用法比较：
➢ 语义相同，即“无论…; 不管…”如：
whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever, whenever, wherever, however等。 ➢ no matter…是连接词，但只能引导让步状语从句
新视野大学英语3-Unit 1单词
unit1deviate | BrE ˈdiːvɪeɪt, AmE ˈdiviˌeɪt |intransitive verb偏离piānlí▸to deviate from one's beliefs/principles背离信仰/原则▸to deviate from a path/the truth/the topic of a conversation偏离路线/事实/话题preclude | BrE prɪˈkluːd, AmE priˈklud |transitive verb杜绝dùjué‹error›; 排除páichú‹suspicion›; 防止fángzhǐ‹identification›▸to preclude sb/sth from doing sth;阻止某人/某物做某事premier | BrE ˈprɛmɪə, AmE priˈmɪr |A.noun(head of government) 总理zǒnglǐ; (in UK) 首相shǒuxiàng; Australian (head of state) 州总理zhōu zǒnglǐ; Canadian (head of province) 省总理shěng zǒnglǐB.adjective最重要的zuì zhòngyào de ‹city, producer›▸ of premier importance头等重要的whereby | BrE wɛːˈbʌɪ, AmE (h)wɛrˈbaɪ | formalA.adverb凭此píng cǐ▸ a system whereby people could vote by telephone可供人们电话投票的系统B.conjunction因此civic | BrE ˈsɪvɪk, AmE ˈsɪvɪk |adjective① (municipal) 市政的shìzhèng de ‹officials, administration›; (of a city) 城市的chéngshì de ‹function, ceremony, occasion›② (of a community) 市民的shìmín de ‹pride, duties›patriotic | BrE ˌpatrɪˈɒtɪk,ˌpeɪtrɪˈɒtɪk, AmE ˌpeɪtriˈɑdɪk |adjective爱国的àiguó de▸ a patriotic song爱国歌曲clear-cut | BrE klɪəˈkʌt, AmE ˌklɪrˈkət |adjective① 明确的míngquè de ‹plan, idea›; 明显的míngxiǎn de ‹difference, problem›▸ the matter is not so clear-cut这件事不是很清楚② (sharp) 清晰的qīngxī de ‹outline, shape›▸ clear-cut features轮廓分明的容貌inhibit | BrE ɪnˈhɪbɪt, AmE ɪnˈhɪbət |transitive verb① (restrain, hinder) 抑制yìzhì ‹impulse›; 妨碍fáng'ài ‹person, behaviour›; 阻碍zǔ'ài ‹process, activity›▸ to inhibit sb from doing sth;妨碍某人做某事② Physiology, Biology 抑制yìzhìscholarly | BrE ˈskɒləli, AmE ˈskɑlərli |adjective① (erudite) 有学问的yǒu xuéwen de ‹person›▸ scholarly approach高深的方法▸ to lead a scholarly life过学者的生活② (academic) 学术的xuéshù de ‹publication, thesis, achievements›▸ to move in scholarly circles进入学术圈idiot | BrE ˈɪdɪət, AmE ˈɪdiət |noun傻瓜shǎguā▸ to act/talk like an idiot做事/说话像个傻瓜▸ to feel like an idiot感觉像个傻瓜▸ that idiot Martin马丁那个傻瓜bypass | BrE ˈbʌɪpɑːs, AmE ˈbaɪˌpæs |A.noun① (road) 旁路pánglù② Medicine 心脏搭桥手术xīnzàng dāqiáo shǒushùB.transitive verb① (avoid) 为…加设旁路wèi… jiā shè pánglù② (not consult) 越过yuèguo▸ he bypassed his supervisor and gave the report to the manager他越过主管直接把报告给了经理③ (circumvent) 避开bìkāi▸ the security measures could be easily bypassed安全措施很容易被钻空子④ (travel round) 绕过ràoguo▸ they bypassed the hotel and headed for the nearby bar他们绕过旅馆去了附近的酒吧⑤ Medicine 用旁通管取代yòng pángtōngguǎn qǔdài▸ surgery to bypass an artery用旁通管取代动脉的手术persecution | BrE ˌpəːsɪˈkjuːʃn, AmE ˌpərsəˈkjuʃ(ə)n |noun uncountable迫害pòhài▸ to be subjected to persecution遭受迫害misfortune | BrE ˌmɪsˈfɔːtʃuːn,ˌmɪsˈfɔːtʃ(ə)n, AmE ˌmɪsˈfɔrtʃ(ə)n |noun① uncountable (bad luck) 厄运èyùn▸ we had the misfortune to break down halfway我们真倒霉，半路车抛锚了▸ that's your misfortune你自认倒霉吧② countable (unfortunate event) 不幸的事bùxìng de shì▸ she had the misfortune to lose the sight of one eye她不幸一只眼失明了glamornoun魅力，吸引力glamorous | BrE ˈɡlam(ə)rəs, AmE ˈɡlæm(ə)rəs |adjective富有魅力的fùyǒu mèilì de ‹woman›; 令人向往的lìng rén xiàngwǎng de ‹occasion›▸ a glamorous job/evening dress令人向往的工作/迷人的晚礼服tragic | BrE ˈtradʒɪk, AmE ˈtrædʒɪk |adjective① (characterized by tragedy) 悲惨的bēicǎn de ‹effect, accident, death›▸ it is tragic that ……很可悲② (very sad) 悲伤的bēishāng de ‹face, look›; 令人悲痛的lìng rén bēitòng de ‹story, sight›③ Theatre, Literature 悲剧性的bēijùxìng de▸ a tragic hero/scene/ending/irony/flaw悲剧性的主人公/场景/结局/讽刺/缺点▸ tragic actor/actress男/女悲剧演员spur | BrE spəː, AmE spər |A.noun① usually plural Riding 踢马刺tīmǎcì▸ to dig or drive in one's spurs用踢马刺策马▸ to win one's spursfigurative 获得声誉② usually singular figurative (incentive) 激励jīlì▸ a spur to greater achievements争取更大成就的动力▸ on the spur of the moment一时冲动之下▸ a spur-of-the-moment decision一时冲动的决定③ Zoology (on bird's wing, cock's leg) 距jù④ = spur road⑤ = spur track⑥ Geology 支脉zhīmàiB.transitive verb present participle spurring past tense, past participle spurred① Riding 用踢马刺策…前进yòng tīmǎcì cè… qiánjìn ‹horse›▸ to spur one's horse into a trot用踢马刺策马小跑② figurative (urge) 激励jīlì ‹person, group›; 促进cùjìn ‹growth›▸ to cut interest rates to spur demand降低利率以刺激需求▸ to spur sb into action激励某人采取行动▸ spurred by the response, she …在这种反应的激励下，她…C.intransitive verbpresent participle spurring past tense, past participle spurred literary 策马飞奔cèmǎ fēibēn▸ to spur onward策马向前飞奔PHRASAL VERBspur ontransitive verb [spur sth/sb on, spur on sth/sb]① literal 用踢马刺策…前进yòng tīmǎcì cè… qiánjìn ‹horse›② figurative (urge) 激励jīlì▸ to spur sb on to try again/to greater efforts鞭策某人再次尝试/作出更大的努力▸ spurred on by ambition受野心的驱策optimism | BrE ˈɒptɪmɪz(ə)m, AmE ˈɑptəˌmɪz(ə)m | noun uncountable乐观lèguān▸ cautious/false optimism (about sth)（对某事）谨慎/错误的乐观dedication | BrE ˌdɛdɪˈkeɪʃn, AmE ˌdɛdəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n | noun① uncountable (devoted attitude) 奉献精神fèngxiàn jīngshen ▸ dedication to sb/sth;对某人/某事物的奉献精神② countable (in a book, work) 献词xiàncí▸ a dedication to sb给某人的献词③ uncountable Religion 奉献典礼fèngxiàn diǎnlǐ▸ the dedication of the church/temple/mosque奉献教堂/寺院/清真寺的典礼commend | BrE kəˈmɛnd, AmE kəˈmɛnd |A.transitive verb① (praise) 称赞chēngzàn▸ she was commended for bravery她因勇敢而受到表扬② formal (recommend) 推荐tuījiàn▸ to have much to commend it优点很多▸ to have little or almost nothing to commend it乏善可陈③ formal (entrust) 委托wěituō▸ to commend one's soul to God将灵魂托付给上帝B.reflexive verb① to commend oneself to commend oneself to sb;受到某人的欣赏shòudào mǒu rén de xīnshǎng② to commend itself to commend itself to sb;受到某人的欣赏shòudào mǒu rén de xīnshǎng▸ his work had commended itself to his superiors他的工作受到上级的赏识uphold | BrE ʌpˈhəʊld, AmE ˌəpˈhoʊld |transitive verb past tense, past participle upheld① Law 维持wéichí ‹verdict, sentence›② (maintain) 保持bǎochí ‹custom›③ (support) 支持zhīchí ‹person›▸ he fought the duel to uphold his family's honour他为了维护家族荣誉而决斗endeavour British, endeavor US | BrE ɪnˈdɛvə,ɛnˈdɛvə, AmE ənˈdɛvər |A.intransitive verb(try) 努力nǔlì▸ to endeavour to do sth;努力做某事B.noun① countable (attempt) 尝试chángshì▸ to make every endeavour to do sth想方设法做某事② uncountable (striving) 努力③ countable (undertaking) 事业shìyè▸ a political/military endeavour政治事业/军事活动statesman | BrE ˈsteɪtsmən, AmE ˈsteɪtsmən | noun plural statesmen政治家zhèngzhìjiādiligent | BrE ˈdɪlɪdʒ(ə)nt, AmE ˈdɪlədʒ(ə)nt | adjective① (hard-working) 勤奋的qínfèn de▸ to be diligent in sth/doing sth;在某事/做某事方面孜孜不倦② (committed, conscientious) 坚持不懈的diligently | BrE ˈdɪlɪdʒ(ə)ntli, AmE ˈdɪlədʒən(t)li | adverb勤勉地qínmiǎn de▸ to work or go about one's work diligently勤奋工作pursuit | BrE pəˈsjuːt, AmE pərˈsut |noun① uncountable (chasing, seeking) 追逐zhuīzhú▸ in pursuit of an escaped prisoner正在追捕逃犯▸ in hot pursuit紧追不舍▸ the pursuit of happinessfigurative 对幸福的追求② countable (interest, hobby) 爱好àihào▸ literary pursuits文学爱好ranch | BrE rɑːn(t)ʃ, AmE ræn(t)ʃ |noun牧场mùchǎng▸ a cattle ranch牧牛场▸ a mink ranch水貂养殖场prestige | BrE prɛˈstiː(d)ʒ, AmE prɛˈsti(d)ʒ | A.noun uncountable威望wēiwàngB.adjective attributive有声望的circuit | BrE ˈsəːkɪt, AmE ˈsərkət |noun① Electricity 电路diànlù▸ to complete/break the circuit接通/断开电路② (lap) 环行huánxíng▸ to do 15 circuits of the track绕跑道15圈③ (for motor racing, horse racing) [田径场的] 跑道pǎodào; (for athletics) 环道huándào④ (round trip) 巡游xúnyóu⑤ (regular round) 巡回活动xúnhuí huódòng; (of shows) 巡回表演xúnhuí biǎoyǎn; (of sports events) 巡回比赛xúnhuí bǐsài▸ to earn one's living on the lecture circuit靠巡回讲学谋生▸ the cabaret/tennis circuit卡巴莱歌舞巡回演出/网球巡回赛⑥ Law (journey) 巡回审判▸ to be on the circuit在进行巡回审判⑦ Law (district) 巡回审判区unprecedented | BrE ʌnˈprɛsɪdɛntɪd, AmE ˌənˈprɛsədən(t)əd | adjective空前的kōngqián de ‹cruelty, situation›▸ unprecedented economic growth前所未有的经济增长nominate | BrE ˈnɒmɪneɪt, AmE ˈnɑməˌneɪt |transitive verb① (propose) 提名tímíng ‹candidate›▸ to nominate sb for a position/for president提名某人就任某职位/为总统候选人▸ to nominate sb/sth for an award提名某人/某事获奖② (appoint) 任命rènmìng ‹person›▸ to nominate sb as sth;任命某人就任某职位▸ to nominate sb (as) chairman/to a position任命某人为主席/就任某职位▸ to nominate sb to do sth;指派某人做某事③ (specify) 指定zhǐdìng▸ to nominate sth as指定…为‹place, time›appoint | BrE əˈpɔɪnt, AmE əˈpɔɪnt |transitive verb① (name) 任命rènmìng▸ he has been appointed director他被任命为主任▸ to appoint sb as sth;任命某人担任某职务▸ to appoint sb to do sth;委派某人做某事② (specify) 确定quèdìng ‹time, place›③ (equip) 装设zhuāng shè▸ well appointed陈设齐全的abortion | BrE əˈbɔːʃn, AmE əˈbɔrʃ(ə)n |noun流产liúchǎn▸ to perform or carry out an abortion on sb给某人做人工流产手术▸ a spontaneous/an induced abortion自然/人工流产▸ a backstreet abortion非法堕胎expend | BrE ɪkˈspɛnd,ɛkˈspɛnd, AmE ɪkˈspɛnd |transitive verb① (devote, spend) 付出fùchū ‹effort, time, energy›; 耗费hàofèi ‹money, resources›▸ to expend sth on sth/doing sth;(devote) 在某事/做某事上付出某事物(spend) 在某事/做某事上花费某物zài mǒu shì/zuò mǒu shì shang huāfèi mǒu wù② (use) 耗费hàofèi ‹resources, fuel, ammunition›threat | BrE θrɛt, AmE θrɛt |noun① (verbal abuse) 恐吓kǒnghè▸ to make threats against sb对某人发出恐吓▸ to give in to threats屈服于恐吓▸ an empty or idle threat虚张声势的恐吓▸ it was no idle threat那可不是吓唬吓唬而已② (danger) 威胁wēixié▸ to pose a threat to sb/sth对某人/某物构成威胁▸ to be under threat (from …)受到（来自…的）威胁▸ under threat of在…的威胁下‹death, injury, punishment›③ (risk, possibility) 凶兆xiōngzhào▸ a security threat安全风险inward | BrE ˈɪnwəd, AmE ˈɪnwərd |A.adjective attributive① (towards the inside) 向内的xiàng nèi de▸ an inward curve内弯② (inner) 内心的nèixīn de▸ man's inward nature人的心性B.adverb= inwardsrobust | BrE rə(ʊ)ˈbʌst, AmE roʊˈbəst,ˈroʊˌbəst |adjective① (healthy, strong) 强壮的qiángzhuàng de ‹person›; 结实的jiēshi de ‹furniture›; 强劲的qiángjìng de ‹economy›; 旺盛的wàngshèng de ‹appetite›; 茁壮的zhuózhuàng de ‹plant›② (uncompromising) 坚定的jiāndìng de ‹defence, tactics›; 斩钉截铁的zhǎn dīng jié tiě de ‹reply›③ (strong) 醇厚的chúnhòu de ‹wine›; 浓郁的nóngyù de ‹aroma›; 浓烈的nóngliè de ‹smell›maintain | BrE meɪnˈteɪn,mənˈteɪn, AmE meɪnˈteɪn |transitive verb① (keep steady) 维持wéichí▸ to maintain good relations保持友好关系▸ to maintain world peace维护世界和平▸ we must maintain our position in the market我们必须保持我们的市场地位② (support) 供养gōngyǎng▸ to maintain a family of 6养活一个六口之家▸ a children's home maintained by the local authority由地方当局资助的儿童收养所③ (assert) 坚称jiān chēng▸ to maintain that …;坚持说…④ (look after) 保养bǎoyǎng ‹vehicle, machine, building›▸ to maintain a road养护道路slack | BrE slak, AmE slæk |A.adjective① (loose, limp) 松垂的sōngchuí de ‹rope›; 松弛的sōngchí de ‹muscles, skin›▸ to go slack松开sōngkāi▸ his mouth went slack他的嘴巴微张开来▸ to have a slack grip on sth对某物抓得不紧② derogatory (negligent) 懒散的lǎnsǎn de ‹worker, student›▸ to get or grow slack变得懒散▸ to be slack (in) doing sth/at or about sth;做某事/在某事物上马虎③ derogatory (lax) 松懈的sōngxiè de ‹organization, discipline›▸ to get or grow slack变得松懈④ (not busy) 萧条的xiāotiáo de ‹market, conditions›; 疲软的píruǎn de ‹sales›; 生意清淡的shēngyi qīngdàn de ‹week›▸ business/trading is slack生意/贸易不景气▸ the slack period/season (of the year)萧条期/（一年中的）淡季⑤ (sluggish) 缓慢的huǎnmàn de ‹current, pace›; 柔和的róuhé de ‹winds›; 缓慢流动的huǎnmàn liúdòng de ‹area of water›B.noun uncountable① (sag, looseness) 松弛sōngchí▸ there's too much slack (in the rope)（绳子）太松了▸ there's very little slack in the budget预算很紧▸ to take or pick up the slack收紧松弛处figurative 提高使用效率tígāo shǐyòng xiàolǜ▸ take up the slack!(in sail) 把帆收紧！▸ to cut (sb) some slackUS slang （对某人）宽容一些② figurative (lull, reduced activity) 松懈sōngxiè▸ there is no slack in my day我在工作日里根本没有空闲▸ to have little slack in the day整日不得空闲▸ economic slack, slack in the economy经济萧条▸ to pick up the slackEconomics 提振不景气的状况③ (coal) 煤屑méixièC.slacks plural noun便裤biànkù▸ a pair of slacks一条便裤D.intransitive verb▸ British informal to be slacking(be idle) 懒散lǎnsǎn(work slowly) 工作懈怠gōngzuò xièdài▸ stop slacking!别松松垮垮的！bié sōngsongkuǎkuǎ de ！E.transitive verb① (loosen) 松开sōngkāi ‹rope›② (reduce) 放缓fànghuǎn ‹pace›; 减少jiǎnshǎo ‹activity›PHRASAL VERBSslack offintransitive verb= slacken off B1slack upintransitive verb= slacken uptranscend | BrE trɑːnˈsɛnd, AmE træn(t)ˈsɛnd |transitive verb① (go beyond) 超越chāoyuè ‹limits, expectations, knowledge›▸ it's an issue that transcends petty party differences这个问题超越了无足轻重的党派分歧② (surpass, excel in) 胜过shèngguo ‹person, work, performance›▸ his latest novel transcends anything he has ever written before他的最近一部小说超越了他从前所写的任何作品▸ to transcend sb/sth in sth;在某方面优于某人/某事物③ Religion, Philosophy 超越于…而存在chāoyuè yú… ér cúnzài ‹material world, human experience›handicap | BrE ˈhandɪkap, AmE ˈhændiˌkæp |A.noun① (dated or offensive) (physical disability) 残障cánzhàng; (mental disability) 智障zhìzhàng② (disadvantage) 障碍zhàng'ài▸ (to be) a handicap to sb/sth（是）对某人/某事物的障碍③ Sport (race) 让步赛ràngbùsài④ Sport (penalty) [比赛中给较强选手设置的] 不利条件bùlì tiáojiàn▸ a time/weight handicap让时间/让磅⑤ (in golf) 差点chàdiǎn [指球手打球的平均杆数和标准杆数的差距]▸ to have a handicap of three差点为3B.transitive verb present participle handicapping past tense, past participle handicapped① literal 使残废shǐ cánfèi▸ to be handicapped by injury因伤致残② figurative 妨碍fáng'ài▸ to be handicapped by not being able to read吃了不识字的亏feat | BrE fiːt, AmE fit |noun功绩gōngjì▸ a feat of engineering非凡的工程。
大学英语新视野3第一单词单词详解
• 公司希望政府提供1亿美元的现金。 • The company is hopping obtain $100 million cash injiection from the government. • 此药需要注射，通常一日两次。 • It has to be given by injection, usually twice a day.
Main Content of The Text
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Pre-reading Activiቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱies
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Text A
Structure of the text Words and expressions (1-5;6-8;9-14; 15-17)
Paraphrase of the sentence
Words and expressions 1-5
• 2. prompt: v. be the cause of / be prompt to do sth./prompt sth. • E.g The need for the villagers to control their own fate has prompted a new plan. • What prompt you to ask such a stupid question?
Words and expressions 1-5
• 8. bring … to life: give liveliness to… • A great actor can bring a fictional character to life.
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• 医生们尽全力抢救伤者，最终把她从死亡线上救了回来。 • Doctors tried every possible way to save the wounded people and they brought her to life at last. • 他确实把这个题目讲活了。 • His lectures on the subject really brought it to life. • 他做的风筝栩栩如生，因此他的风筝总是很快就被买光了。 • He brings the kites to life , so they are always out of stock.
新视野大学英语3第一单元课件剖析
随 笔 Mode I Mode II Mode III Mode IV
Interactive Mode III
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3. What did the speaker’s brother give first priority to?
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1A) sHfiasrmaissfwoertlueanrencafruosmedtbhye shhisorbtrpaianssage, lacdkamofaogxey?gen during birth left the 2s)pHeaiskedre’ssirberofothr ecrarweitfhrosmomheisbfraaminilydamage. Thmaetmpebremrsaannedntsdocisiaetbyilaitryoduenpdr?ived him of the chance to go to a regular school. His life 3m) Husits hloavvee fboeretnhaosme iwxhtuorheaovfemgiisvfeonrthuinme frotimmelilfyehaenldp pasrawcetilcl aalslfoovrepfreoomplepienopnleeed? 4a)r…ound. My next question is as follows:
presumed dead. The overwhelming majority of casualties were civilians, including citizens from over 90 different countries.
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新视野大学英语第三版Unit 1 section A 词汇讲解
16. acquire She acquired a good knowledge of Chinese. 她汉语学的很好。 acquire knowledge 获得知识 (不用 learn knowledge) acquire\attain acquire多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识等，也 可用于表示获财物，“一经获得就会长期持有” 常与 ability, education, knowledge, fortune, information, habit等词搭配使用；
13. virtual When her husband had a stroke, she was given virtual control of the business. 她丈夫中风后，生意几乎全部交给她掌管。 virtual library 虚拟图书馆 14. yield Our research has only recently begun to yield important results. 我们的研究最近才取得重要成果。
3. rewarding (P1, line4): a. giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit 值得的；有意义的；有回报的
a rewarding experience
4. pose The leaders posed briefly for photographs before entering the conference room.
领导们进入会议室之前匆匆地摆个姿势拍照。
We are very glad to hear that the incident in the chemical plant poses no threat to the environment.
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• grasp the overall situation • 把握大局
•long
英[lɒŋ] 美[lɔŋ]
• 1．hope作“希望”解，主要用来表示主观上的愿望并对 其实现抱有信心。 • 可接不定式（短语）或that引导的从句，但不可接“宾语 +不定式”，即宾语补足语的结构，也称不定式的复合结 构， • 例如： We are hoping to see the president who will come to China. • I hope that you can tell us the truth.
• beneath
• 英[bɪ'niːθ] 美[bɪ'niθ] • prep. 在…之下 • adv. 在下方
• WHAT LIES BENEATH
• • 是由罗伯特· 赞米基斯导演拍摄的恐怖、悬 念片。主演有哈里森· 福特，米歇尔· 菲佛， 米兰达· 奥托等。 • 2000年7月21日在美国上映
•disguise
• 英[dɪs'gaɪz] 美[dɪs'ɡaɪz] • vt. 掩饰；假装；隐瞒 • n. 伪装；假装；用作伪装的东西
• in disguise
• 伪装；乔装
• 塞翁失马焉知非福 • Misfortune might be a blessing in disguise
• in the disguise of
•vacant
• 英['veɪk(ə)nt] 美['vekənt]
•
空
四级爆炸性 词汇
• 1.空的;空白的 • By the end of the game, the stadium was almost vacant. 到比赛结束的时候,体育馆几乎空了。 • 2. 空着的,未被占用的 • A vacant apartment in New York City is very difficult to find. 在纽约市内很难找到一所空的公寓住处。 • 3. (职位)空缺的 • That position remains vacant. 那个职位仍旧空着。 • 4. 空闲的,清闲的 • That will leave plenty of hours vacant. 那样的话就有许多空闲时间了。 • 5. (心灵)空虚的;(神情)茫然的;心不在焉的;愚蠢的 • She has a vacant look. 她脸上没有表情。 •
• 伪装，假扮成；托辞；以……为借口
• The thief greed entry to the building in the disguise of an inspector from the gas company. • 小偷假扮成煤气公司的巡视员而得以进入大楼。 • He soon, under the name of Doricles and in the disguise of a private gentleman, became a constant visitor at the old shepherd's house. • 不久他就化名道里克尔斯扮成一个平民，经常到 老牧人家来拜访。
• • • • • • •
Justice 正义 法官 法院 court of justice 司法部 department of justice
• What is the “justice”?
• 正义则是公正的义理，包括社会正义、政
治正义和法律正义等。 • Social justice • Political justice • Legal justice
• He firmly believes liberty is inseparable from social justice.
• 他坚信自由与社会正义是不可分开的。
• separate from
• 分离；把…和…分开 • 分不开的;不可分离的[(+from)]
• The two girls are inseparable friends. • 这两个女孩是形影不离的朋友。
• • • • • • • • • •
vacant space 空舱位；未用空间 vacant room 空房 vacant position 职位空缺；空座 vacant land 空地；闲置地 vacant lot 空地
•grasp
•英[grɑːsp]
•
抓
• 1. 抓牢;握紧;抱住 The little girl grasped her mother's arm. 小女孩抓住了她母亲的手臂。 • 2. 领会,理解 I don't grasp your meaning. 我不懂你的意思。 • 3. 急切地抓住(机会等) •
Lesson One Love Without Limitation
The Interpretation of the Imporustice
• 英['dʒʌstɪs] 美['dʒʌstɪs]
• n. 司法，正义；法官
• 公平 • • 正义 • • 平等 •
•正义得到伸张
• We must hold to the principles of justice.
• 我们必须信守正义的原则。
• We tangled（纠缠） heatedly over the justice of the war. • 我们就这场战争的正义性激烈地争了起来。
•inseparable
• 英[ɪn'sep(ə)rəb(ə)l] 美[ɪn'sɛprəbl] • adj. [数] 不可分割的；不能分离的 • n. 不可分离的事物；形影不离的朋友
(Justice) (Equality)
( Fairness)
• Justice is done
法官
• 《A MATTER OF JUSTICE》
• 《A matter of Justice》是由米歇尔· 斯维兹 尔导演，帕蒂· 杜克、马丁· 辛、亚历桑德 拉· 鲍尔斯主演的一部美国剧情电影。
中文名： 公正裁决
•谎言背后
• • • • • • • • •
1在下方 The sun is now beneath the horizon. 太阳此刻落到地平线下了。 2. (地位等)低于;劣于 He is beneath his brother intellectually. 他在智力方面不如他兄弟。 3. 对...不适合(或不值得) He considered that job beneath him. 他认为做那个工作有失他的身份。