清东陵英文导游词
英语学习资料：中国旅游景点清东陵中英文介绍
英语学习资料：中国旅游景点清东陵中英文介绍East Cemetery清东陵East Cemetery situated at the foot of MtChangrui,west of M alanyu,Zunhua City,HebeiProvince,125km from Beijing in the we st,and 150kmfrom Tianjin in the south.东公墓坐落在河北省遵化市马兰峪以西的昌瑞山山脚下,离西面的北京125公里,并距南面的天津150公里。
It is the largest of the three,surrounded by sceneryhills arou nd,125km long from south to north,and20km wide from west to ea st,occupying totally 2 500km2.它是三个中最大的,四面被山包围,从南到北长125公里,从西到东宽20公里,占地500平方公里。
The construction started in 1661 and ended 247 years later in 1908.建设始于1661年,结束于247年之后的1908年。
Altogether 15 mausoleums were built here,5 of emperors,4 of empresses,5 of concubines,andthe one for a princess east of Malanyu.这里共建造了15个陵墓,5个皇帝的、4个皇后的， 5个嫔妃的,马兰峪东面有一个公主的。
Their placement observed the principles；the emperor’s as the center,the empresses’ and theconcubin es’at the side in order of their ranks,161 tombs in total.它们的位置遵循皇帝的在中心,皇后和嫔妃的根据她们的级别排列在两边的原则,总计有161座古墓。
国际导游 英文导游词 加译文 《缉熙楼+译文》
缉熙楼Jixi BuildingToday, our destination is Chinese last feudal emperor ,Puyi’s palace, Puppet Manchurian Palace, which is located in the north of Changchun,and covers 137 thousand square meters. It is Puppet Manchurian Palace that Puyi became the feudal emperor the third time . Puyi had spent 14 years there. Visiting it ,we will apprehend more about the history of that period.今天，我们目的地是中国封建社会最后一个皇帝溥仪的皇宫，伪满皇宫，它坐落于长春北部，覆盖137，000平方米。
在伪满皇宫，溥仪第三次成为了末代皇帝。
他在这里生活了14年。
在这里观赏，我们能够更加领会那段历史。
Aixinjueluo Puyi,the last Chinese feudal emperor ,was also the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty.爱新觉罗溥仪，中国封建社会最后一位皇帝，也是清朝最后一位皇帝。
He came to power 3times—the last emperor, the restored emperor and the puppet emperor, and he was driven from power for three times .In his whole life, he had married 5wives, 4 of them has left him. 他当过3次皇帝，最后一个皇帝，复帝，伪皇帝，也3次退位。
颐和园英文版导游词（通用5篇）
颐和园英文版导游词（通用5篇）颐和园英文版篇1hi! Hello, I am your tour guide xiao Lin, today by I lead you to visit the world cultural heritage, beautiful scenery of the Summer Palace, we hope you have a good time, play fun.Now we have been to the Summer Palace, the Summer Palace formerly qingyi park, built qing dynasty emperor qianlong fifteen years as AD 1750, Beijing in the qing dynasty, is the famous "three mountains five gardens" built in the last one. Also is one of China's four big gardens, on March 4, 1961, the Summer Palace was announced as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, in August 1998 was rated as the world cultural heritage, the Summer Palace on May 8, 2019 by the national tourism administration approval for the state 5 a-class tourist scenic spot.The Summer Palace gates, around the hall, came to the famous promenade. The promenade is 720 meters long, divided into 273 rooms, each cross on the sill between painted with colorful painting, painting the character, the grass, the landscape, as well as some historical stories and myths and legends.Tourists now here we are at the foot of longevity hill, you look at that whether there is a three layer architecture of anise pyramid stand that is halfway up the mountain, buddhist incense under the rows of resplendent and magnificent palace, is to go to the temple.颐和园英文版导游词篇2Situated in the western outskirts of Haidian District，the Summer Palace is 15 kilometers (9.3 miles) from central Beijing. Having the largest royal park and being well preserved， it wasdesignated，in 1960 by the State Council，as a Key Cultural Relics Protection Site of China. Containing examples of the ancient arts，it also has graceful landscapes and magnificent constructions. The Summer Palace is the archetypal Chinese garden，and is ranked amongst the most noted and classical gardens of the world. In 1998， it was listed as one of the World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.Constructed in the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234)，during the succeeding reign of feudal emperors; it was extended continuously. By the time of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)， it had become a luxurious royal garden providing royal families with rest and entertainment. Originally called "Qingyi Garden" (Garden of Clear Ripples)，it was know as one of the famous "three hills and five gardens" (Longevity Hill，Jade Spring Mountain， and Fragrant Hill; Garden of Clear Ripples， Garden of Everlasting Spring，Garden of Perfection and Brightness，Garden of Tranquility and Brightness， and Garden of Tranquility and Pleasure). Like most of the gardens of Beijing， it could not elude the rampages of the Anglo-French allied force and was destroyed by fire. In 1888，Empress Dowager Cixi embezzled navy funds to reconstruct it for her own benefit， changing its name to Summer Palace (Yiheyuan). She spent most of her later years there， dealing with state affairs and entertaining. In 1900，it suffered again，being ransacked by the Eight-Power Allied Force. After the success of the 1911 Revolution， it was opened to the public.Composed mainly of Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake， The Summer Palace occupies an area of 294 hectares (726.5 acres)，three quarters of which is water. Guided by nature，artists designed the gardens exquisitely so that visitors would seemarvelous views and be amazed by perfect examples of refined craftwork using the finest materials.Centered on the T ower of Buddhist Incense (Foxiangge) the Summer Palace consists of over 3，000 structures including pavilions， towers， bridges， and corridors. The Summer Palace can be divided into four parts: the court area， front-hill area，front-lake area， and rear-hill and back-lake area.Front-Hill Area: this area is the most magnificent area in the Summer Palace with the most constructions. Its layout is quite distinctive because of the central axis from the yard of Kunming Lake to the hilltop， on which important buildings are positioned including Gate of Dispelling Clouds， Hall of Dispelling Clouds，Hall of Moral Glory， Tower of Buddhist Incense， the Hall of the Sea of Wisdom， etc.Rear-Hill and Back-Lake Area: although the constructions are fewer here， it has a unique landscape， with dense green trees，and winding paths. Visitors can feel a rare tranquility，and elegance. This area includes scenic spots such as Garden of Harmonious Interest and Suzhou Market Street.Court Area: this is where Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor Guangxu met officials，conducted state affairs and rested. Entering the East Palace Gate， visitors may see the main palace buildings: the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity served as the office of the Emperor， the Hall of Jade Ripples where Guangxu lived， the Hall of Joyful Longevity，Cixi‘s residence， the Hall of Virtue and Harmony where Cixi was entertained.Front Lake Area: covering a larger part of the Summer Palace，opens up the vista of the lake. A breeze fluttering， waves gleam and willows kiss the ripples of the vast water. In this comfortable area there are the Eastern and Western Banks， the Seventeen-Arch Bridge， Nanhu Island， and so on. On the western bank float six distinct bridges amongst which the Jade-Belt Bridge is the most beautiful.颐和园是我国现存最完好、规模最宏大的古代园林。
关于故宫英文导游词怎么写
关于故宫英文导游词怎么写故宫是我们的文化遗产，那么大家要懂得用中文介绍的同时也能用英文介绍。
以下是小编整理的故宫中英文导游词，欢迎参考。
篇一：故宫英文导游词Everybody is good! Welcome to the Palace Museum tourists sightseeing. Today, I will take you visit the Forbidden City, in the hope that visitors can enjoy meThe tourists! The Palace Museum is in the Ming and qing dynasties imperial palace, the Forbidden City built on the basis of a collection of ancient buildings, collection, imperial palace culture art as one of the large-scale comprehensive museum. The Forbidden City covers an area of about more than 100 square meters, construction area of about 1 square meters. A total of 24 emperors lived in the Forbidden City, the first is the Ming dynasty yongle emperor zhu di, the last one is the qing dynasty xuantong emperor, puyi, ruled the country for 491 years. So the Palace Museum of history is very long!Visitors, please look up, this is the meridian gate, in ancient times, what kill people to kill in front of the meridian gate! From the meridian gate, we can see the jinshui bridge. From the jinshui bridge in the past, a gate, can see the Palace Museum of taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace, is the place where the emperor emperor, very grand. Out of Baohe Palace, a gate of heavenly purity, came to the palace of heavenly purity, this temple and palace of earthly tranquility, legend built the Forbidden City, is in order to world peace, to take these three places? Kun ning door, is the imperial garden, the garden scenery beautiful, there are a number of strange stone, come across these stones, remember pictures to commemorate!Before the gate is her virginity and creature door, our trip to the Forbidden City is over. Look at this magnificent palace, and some loathe to give up?篇二：故宫英文导游词Entering the Meridian Gate, there are five marble bridges on the Inner Golden Water River, shaped like a bow. The five marble bridges just look like five arrows reporting symbolically to heaven. The five bridges were supposed to represent the five virtues preached by Confucius-benevolence, righteousness, rite, intelligence and fidelity.Across the Inner Golden Water Bridge, we get to the Gate of Supreme Harmony. During the Ming and early Qing dynasties, here was the place where the emperor gave his audience, accepted documents from his ministers and made decisions here. There are two bronze lions guarding in front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony. The male lion was usually put on the left, playing with an embroidered design ball, which is said to show the emperor's supreme power. The other one on the right is the female lion, playing with a lion cub with its left paw symbolizing prosperity of the royal family's offsprings.Across the Gate of Supreme Harmony , we come to the Hall of Supreme Harmony. Here the emperor held grand ceremonies such as the emperor's enthronement ceremony, the wedding ceremony, dispatched generals to the battles, and the emperor received the successful candidates of the imperial examination etc. Also, the emperor held grand feasts each year on New Year's Day, Winter solstice and his own birthday.The Hall of Supreme Harmony is 35.5 meters high with double layered roof that represents the highest construction rank of all. Now, let's ascend the stairs and move on to look at articlesin display on two sides of the hall. On the top layer of the terrace stands a sundial on the east an imperial grain measure on the west. The sundial is an ancient time measure or a time-measuring apparatus used in the old days. The sundial tells the time by seeing the shadow of the metal pin on the sundial, which has an inclination angle of 50 degrees with the graduation on it. The grain measure was used as the national standard measure in agriculture in the old days. Both the grain measure and the sundial were symbols of the emperor's justice and rectitude.There are two pairs of incense burners in the shape of bronze dragon-headed tortoises and bronze cranes placed on each side. They are both symbols of longevity.When you look up the building in the Forbidden City, you can see mythical animal statues on the eaves of each building. Originally, there used to be big wooden nails on the roof to prevent the tiles from sliding down. Later they were replaced by glazed tiles, which were shaped into mythical animal statues for better beautification. They are symbols of auspiciousness and peace, and people believed that they are capable of subduing fire and warding off evil spirits.Inside of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, you can see the gilded caisson ceiling high above the throne with a magnificent sculpture of a curling dragon playing with a huge pear was called “Xuanyuan Jing”， representing orthodox succession.This hall is supported by 72 giant columns inside. In the old days, the tr aditional way of the Chinese to calculate a “room” is that: a square enclosed by four pillars was treated as one “room”，so the hall can be said to have 55 “rooms” in total. The six columns inside are gilded and painted with coiled dragon amidst clouds, and the rest are painted red.The emperor's throne is placed on the dais in the center, and carved in cloud and dragon patterns and gilded. On both sides of the throne are a pair of elephant-shaped incense burners symbolize universal peace and two incense burners shaped as a mythical animal 9,000 kilometers per day and speaking all the languages of nearby kingdoms. Around the throne stand a pair of bronze cranes and in front of the dais is four cloisonné incense burners. The floor on the ground is paved with “Gold Bricks”，specially made in Suzhou.The Hall of Middle Harmony is a square-shaped hall with a single pyramidic roof standing behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony. This was the place where the emperor would take a short rest before he went to the Hall of Supreme Harmony for grand ceremonies. Every year before the emperor went to the Altars and Temples, the emperor would receive and read the sacrificial address here.Before the emperor went to the Altar of Agriculture for offering the sacrifice, the seeds intended for spring sowing and the ploughs were examined here, just to show the concern of the emperor for agriculture.According to the rule, the imperial genealogy should be revised every ten years. The ceremony of presenting the genealogy to the emperor for revision and approval would also be held here.Now, we come to the Hall of Preserving Harmony, the last of the three front halls.In the Ming and Qing dynasties, on each New Year's Eve and the 15th day of the lunar moth, banquets would be held to entertain the civil and military officials and the princes and envoys of the Mongolian nobles and other nationalities. Tocelebrate the princess's marriage, the emperor would incite the bridegroom and his father as well as their relatives who served for the imperial government to a banquet.The Imperial Palace Exam was held here once every three years in the Qing dynasty.Just behind the Hall of Preserving Harmony, there is a big Marble Rampcarved with mountain cliffs, sea waves, clouds and nine dragons. It is 16.57 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick, and weighs about 250 tons.篇三：故宫英文导游词"Gentlemen, ladies, everybody! I am your tour guide, you have to do is call me xiao wu. First of all, I wish you a pleasant journey! Good, now you see that red door behind me is the main entrance of the palace. The Palace Museum in Beijing city center is the imperial palace during the Ming and qing dynasties, but also the world's largest existing nowadays, building the most magnificent, the most intact ancient royal palace, is now in the parking lot, first introduced to here please get off!"You see! This is the palace gate is meridian gate. It was established in 1420, its name is used to cut the head? It is another role before the soldiers to officers now 'leadership' here such as morale and ordered... , good! So we went to the palace.My dear friends, in front of our eyes is the world-famous three main halls: taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace. Let's look at the hall of supreme harmony, it has 33 meters high, 64 meters long from east to west, and from south to north is 33 meters wide, covers an area of 2377 square meters. The hall of supreme harmony is the emperor on the early and held a grand ceremony, its scale is Forbidden City hall is the first, the volume of the shibi is back is also the biggest in China. T o sum up, allshow that it reflected the thought of "the first". After reading the hall of supreme harmony let's go to zhonghe palace. Zhonghe palace is the emperor before the ceremony waiting ji, take a break. The following friends are free to have a closer look at the state banquet hall, please Baohe Palace. Ten minutes later I lead you visit last few sites: tai temple.You rest enough? Now we will go to the tai temple, the temple of emperor kangxi YuBi, only two reproductions of kangxi emperor in Beijing, another in the big corrupt official and? The home of respectful wang fu. Behold, a pavilion in the four corners of this building is tai temple, we went in to see a look, you see on the back wall flat forehead there is "doing nothing" 2 words? Kangxi YuBi, the meaning of "doing nothing" is not as, but hopes to managing state affairs by ethics, offspring with benevolent governance, to national security. The composition"Well, my dear friends, this trip to Beijing's Forbidden City is a happy ending. Years after I hope you can come to me, I have for you again, friend goodbye." I smile to say goodbye to the tourists.篇四：故宫英文导游词HI，everbody! My name is your tour guide, Zhu Rui refined, today I will take you to visit the Palace Museum, you can call me zhu guide.Now let me make a brief introduction for you, the imperial palace is one of the world's largest existing ancient royal palace buildings, the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City. "Purple" is the color of heaven Kings palace, then of course the human emperor with the purple words. "Forbidden" refers to where the heavily guarded, don't say it's ordinary people, even the senior official without the emperor summoned or into the citywill not be accepted, otherwise it will be for revenge, "ban" royal, so also called the Forbidden City, the whole city was built in 1420, is located in the north of tiananmen square. The entire courtyard is divided into two parts, namely the "power" and "bed". "Power" is the place where the emperor held a grand ceremony, in taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace and mandarin house on either side of the things and the hall of martial valor. After the "bed" emperors and empresses, underage children where they live, mainly dry, tai qing temple, palace of earthly tranquility and natural things. In addition, there are many other various inside the imperial palace, have different USES the size of the palace. It is said that when there are nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine palace, the Forbidden City enough! In 1911, sun yat-sen led the revolution overthrew the feudal society of China for more than two thousand years. Qing emperor abdicated in 1912. On October 10, 1925, the national Palace Museum opened to the public for the first time. In 1949, after the founding of new China many times to repair of the Forbidden City, to make it more brilliant. The Forbidden City in Beijing in 1987 by UNESCO "world heritage list".You see, the Forbidden City around some purple color of wall, it is about 10 meters high, about 3.5 kilometers long. Walls were built all around tall gate, south palace front door for the meridian gate. The north gate of creature, four corner of the wall stands a unique style, modelling beautiful turrets. Wall surrounding a is 52 meters wide moat, make the palace a fortified castle.Next, you with me to see the most gorgeous architecture, the defendant is called "during" the hall of supreme harmony. This is the place where the emperor held a ceremony, to see you, hall 28 meters high, 63 meters wide from east to west, north and south,35 meters long, there are 1 meter in diameter big column 92, around the throne of six pillar of big call "PanLongZhu", is made of drain powder gold lacquer. Right in front of us is the emperor's seats - the throne, located in inside is 2 meters high on the stage, the former has a pleasing cranes, furnace, the tripod with two handles, the throne is a gold plated, armrest is silver plated, four incense burner is made of wood, is gorgeous. Work behind the folding screen. The whole hall decorated splendid and solemn gorgeous.Finished visiting the hall of supreme harmony, everyone with me to go back again, to go look at zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace. The three temple construction, zhonghe palace is take a break before the emperor went to the hall of supreme harmony held a ceremony etiquette and exercise. Baohe Palace is the emperor fete nobility of sweet and wenwu minister in Beijing. Baohe Palace is the most amazing behind a piece of stone. Stone 16.57 meters long, 3.07 meters wide, 1.7 meters thick, more than 200 tons. Vulture on the rough sea, walking on dragons. Hear here, everyone can not help but want to say truly was China's valuable cultural heritage of the imperial palace!In the Palace Museum collection of precious relics, a total of more than 1052653 pieces according to the statistics, 1/6 of the total number of national cultural relics, there are a lot of thing is a unique national treasure. Set up past dynasties in several Palace Museum, pride, watches and clocks, etc., of the people can go to a free enjoy, to deepen our understanding of the Forbidden City.To this end, the interpretation of good, I please visit freely, remember to pay attention to health, in addition to the photos, you don't take anything; Besides, you don't leave anything. At 11 in front of the Baohe Palace collection, don't delay!OK, you can now free, optional tour. After three hours set here. I wish you all have fun.。
沈阳故宫英文导游词
沈阳故宫英文导游词xGood morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to Shenyang Imperial Palace. My name is xxx and I will be your guide in this ancient palace.Shenyang Imperial Palace, also known as the 'Forbidden City of the North', is located in the center of Shenyang City, Liaoning Province. It is one of the three most famous palaces in China, along with Beijing's Forbidden City and Nanjing's Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum.The Shenyang Imperial Palace was built in 1625 by the Manchu ruler Nurhaci during the reign of the Qing dynasty. It was the political and military center for the Manchu emperors and the capital of the Qing dynasty for nearly 250 years. The palace has a total area of about 60,000 square meters and comprises three palatial halls: the Da Niu Dian, the Huai Lou and the Sheng Ding.The palace is filled with a variety of valuablecultural relics. The Da Niu Dian was the highest palace hall, and its grand walls are decorated with low-relief carvings of battles and historical events. The Huai Lou was the emperor's living quarters and the Sheng Ding housed thevarious government offices.The Shenyang Imperial Palace also has a well-preserved collection of traditional Chinese gardens, including the breathtaking Imperial Garden, with its winding paths, pavilions, and ponds.Thank you for taking the time to visit the Shenyang Imperial Palace. I am sure you will enjoy your visit to this magnificent palace.。
十三陵的英语导游词
十三陵的英语导游词十三陵的英语导游词作为一名导游，有必要进行细致的导游词准备工作，导游词具有极强的实用性，涉及的知识十分广泛。
那么你有了解过导游词吗？以下是小编帮大家整理的`十三陵的英语导游词，欢迎大家分享。
THE MING TOMBSThe Ming Tombs are 40 kilometers north of Beijing City on the southern slopes of Tianshou Mountain. They are the burial grounds of 13 Ming Dynasty emperors. In July 20xx the site was designated a world cultural heritage site by UNESCO.Empress Xu died in the 5th year of Yongle (1407). Zhu Di sent Zhao Hong, secretary of the Ministry of Rites and a geomancer----Liao Junqing along with many others to Beijing in search of an auspicious place for the tombs. It is said that this group of people first selected the area of Tu Jia Ying, which means slaughter-house, and as such, it couldn't be used as the burial ground. Next they selected the foot of Yangshan Mountain, Changping. However, since the surname of the emperor (Zhu) is a homophone for pig and because a village named 'wolf mouth ravine' was located there, they decided against using that area. Later, they found Yan-jiatai west of Beijing. Again, since 'Yanjia' was the homonym of the death of the emperor, it was also deemed unsuitable. It was not until the 7th year of Yongle (1409), that they finally chose the present Heavenly Longevity Mountain as their cemetery grounds.The whole area covers 40 square kilometers. It has mountains to its east, west and north, and Dragon Mountain and Tiger Mountain are on either side of its southern entrance. The 13 tombs go from north to south. They are arranged in the mannerof the Imperial Palace, with the administration area in the front and living quarters in the rear. In front of the tombs are divine passes, stone archways and steel towers. The Precious City and Ming Tower stand over the Underground Palace.There were 16 emperors during the Ming Dynasty. Buried in the Ming tombs, are 13 Ming emperors and 23 empresses, as well as many concubines, princes, princesses and maids. The other 3 emperors, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yunwen and Zhu Qiyu are buried in other locations.The founder of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, established his capital in present day Nanjing where he was buried after his death. His tomb is called Xiaoling (Tomb of Filial Piety).The body of the second emperor of the Ming, Zhu Yunwen, is missing. Some said that he died in a fire, while others said that he went to a temple and became a monk. There is no final conclusion yet.The seventh Ming Emperor Zhu Qiyu, was buried as a prince by his elder brother Zhu Qizhen at Jinshankou, a western suburb of Beijing, because in the Tumubao Upheaval, Emperor Zhu Qizhen became a captive and the younger brother of Zhu Qizhen. Zhu Qiyu was chosen as the new emperor, but later Zhu Qizhen was back and proclaimed his re-enthronement in the Seizing Gate Upheaval.The Memorial Arch was built in the 19th year of Jiajing (1540) as a symbol of the Ming Tombs. It is 14 meters high and 28. 86 meters wide, and has 5 arches supported by 6 pillars with beautiful bas-relief carvings of lions, dragons and lotus flowers. The Memorial Arch is the biggest and the most exquisite stone arch preserved in the country today. The major designs of dragonand cloud decorations reflect the character of imperial architecture. In addition, it also demonstrates the skillful artistry of the Ming craftsmen.The Big Palace Gate is the front gate of the Ming Tombs, and is more commonly known as Big Red Gate. Facing south, there are three arch entrances to the gate, the main inlet to the Ming Tombs. Flanking the gate are two stone tablets, inscribed with orders for the emperor, officials and other people to dismount, before entering into the tomb area. If they did not obey, they would be punished for their disrespect. The rules governing the Ming Tombs in the Ming Dynasty, stipulate that one who sneaks into the tomb area to pick firewood and break twigs would be flogged. Those who came to fetch dirt and stone would be beheaded. Those who entered arbitrarily into the tomb area would be flogged a hundred times.The Tablet House was built in the 10th year of Xuande (1435), and stands about 10 meters high with two tiers of eaves. A huge tablet stands in the middle of the Tablet House. The front side bears an inscription by Emperor Renzong for Chengzu. The reverse side is a poem by Qing Emperor Qianlong recording in detail the conditions of the broken Changling, Yongling, Dingling and Xiling. On the east side is the record of expenditures for repairing the Ming Tombs by the Qing government. On the west side is an epitaph by Qing Emperor Jiaqing. It was written in the 9th year of Jiaqing (1804) describing the cause of the fall of the Ming Dynasty.On the north side of the Tablet House, stands a group of stone carvings (36 in all). Behind the house, there are two stone pillars. Beyond the pillars are stone animals and other statues. Lions, Xie Zhi, camels, elephants, and Qi Lin horses .All of theanimals are in two pairs. Two stand, while the other two kneel. It is followed by the statues of military officers, civil officials and officials of merit, four in each group. These stone animals and statues were made in the 10th year of Xuande (1435). They reflect the imperial power when he was alive and the imperial dignity after he was deceased. The animals and statues were created using whole blocks of stone weighing a couple of tons and each was delicately and masterfully carved.Here stands Ling Xing Gate, also known as the unique Dragon and Phoenix Gate, with the meaning of the Gate of Heaven. The gate is pierced with six door leaves, attached to three archways. The top of the central section of the three archways is decorated with flames and precious pearl, so it is also known as the Flame Archway. To the north of the Dragon and Phoenix Gate there lays a seven-arch marble bridge, leading to the gate of Changling. To the east of the seven-arch bridge stands an old five-arch bridge, which was the original site of the seven-arch bridge.Actually we are standing on the axle line of the Ming Tombs, otherwise known as the Sacred Way or the Tomb path. We passed the Memorial Arch, the Big Palace Gate, the Tablet House, Sacred Way, stone animals and statues, and Ling Xing Gate. This seven-kilometer long sacred pathway leads from south to north, all the way to the Gate of Changling.Now, we are moving to Chang Ling. Changling is the first tomb built in the Ming Tombs area, covering 10 hectares and containing Emperor Zhu Di and his empress Xu.Zhu Di (Chengzu) of the Ming Dynasty was the fourth son of the first Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, born in 1360. Zhu Di was conferred the title of the prince of Yan in the 3rd year of (1370).He was appointed at Beiping. After the death of Zhu Yuanzhang (the first Ming Emperor), Zhu Di used the pretext of eliminating evil officials at the side of Emperor Jianwen to lead an army expedition down south to Nanjing. He seized the throne in the 4th year of Jianwen (1402) and ascended the throne in June inside the Hall of Ancestral Worship in Nanjing. Zhu Di was an emperor of outstanding accomplishment in the Ming Dynasty. As soon as he became the prince of Yan, he led the generals out to battle. He had great achievements in calming down the north. After he took over his nephew's power and became the emperor, he still went out to battle throughout the country and consolidated the rule of the Ming Dynasty. He made the important decision to move the capital to Beijing. During the rule of Zhu Di, magnificent developments were made in the economy, culture and in diplomacy. In terms of culture, Zhu Di successively sent Grand Academician Xie Jin, Yan Guangxiao and others to compile the Yongle encyclopedia. The book has become the largest book ever complied in Chinese history. For expanding external exchanges and trade, Zhu Di selected eunuch Zheng He to lead a large fleet filled with precious gold, silver, silk and satins to sail to southeast Asia and Africa seven times in the early years of Yongle.Empress Xu was buried together with Emperor Zhu Di in Changling. Empress Xushi was the eldest daughter of Xu Da who was one of the founding fathers of the Ming Dynasty. Throughout her lifespan, Xu Shi complied 20 articles of internal lectures and a book advising to be good, so as to cultivate people's minds. She was the very first one to be buried in Changling and in the Ming Tomb area.The Hall of Eminent Favor in Changling is the best preservedamong the thirteen tombs. It is a valuable relic of ancient China's wooden structures. It is nine rooms wide and five rooms long, a hall size rarely seen in China. The roof is made of top-class double eaves and there are multiple rooms covered with yellow glazed tiles. The hall is supported by 60 thick Nanmu pillars, the middle four in the hall are the thickest, the diameter of each one can reach over one meter. It is known as the best Nanmu (phoebe) hall in the country.Now we are going to Dinging. Dingling is located at the east foot of Dayu Mountain. Buried here are the 13th Ming Emperor Wanli (Zhu Yijun) and his two empresses Xiaoduan and Xiaojing. Zhu Yijun was the longest on the throne of the Ming Emperors. (He was emperor for 48 years). He was the greediest and laziest emperor in the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yijun ascended the throne at the age of 9. After he came to power, he was supported by the chief minister Zhang Juzheng. At this time, various aspects of society gained development.Later ,Zhang Juzheng died of illness. Not long after Wanli managed state affairs on his own, he used the chance to select the location for his tomb site when he went to pay homage to the ancestors' tombs. He spent eight million taels of silver (250,000 kilos of silver) and six years to build a high quality tomb Dingling. After the Dingling was completed, Zhu Yijun personally went to inspect it, and felt very satisfied with the result. He went so far as to hold a grand banquet in the Underground Palace, which was unheard of in history.Zhu Yijun was a typical muddle-headed emperor. Reflecting on his reign, he did not pay attention to state affairs for 28 out of his 48 year rule. The state organ was effectively semi-paralyzed during his reign. Later generations commented that the fall of theMing dynasty was caused by this emperor.Zhu Yijun had two empresses. Empress Xiaojing was originally a maid of Wanli's mother Cisheng. Later she gave birth to a son of the emperor. That son was the one-month emperor Guangzong (Zhu Changluo). She died of illness 9 years earlier than Shenzong died. She was buried as a concubine at Pinggangdi, around the east pit, at the Heavenly Longevity Mount. After Xiaojing was conferred the title o f “grandmother of the emperor”, her body was moved to the Underground Palace of Dingling, and buried together with Emperor Wanli and Empress Xiaoduan on the same day. Xiaoduan was conferred the title of empress, but she could not give birth to either a son or a daughter to the emperor. Xiaoduan died of illness. A hundred days later, Emperor Wanli (Zhu Yijun) died too. Empress Xiaoduan, Emperor Wanli, and Empress Xiaojing were buried together in the Underground Palace.The tablet in front of Dingling has no words on it. It is called the wordless tablet. There is a pair of coiling dragons along the top and a pattern of sea waves carved on the bottom. Its base is composed of a tortoise (Bixi). It is said that the dragon has nine sons. In twelve of the Ming T ombs, excluding Changling, all the tablets are wordless. Originally there were no tablet houses in front of the Tombs, but later the tablet houses and steeles of the first six tombs were completed. But the emperor Jiajing at the time indulged in drinking, lust and searching for longevity pills, so he had no time to pay attention on the inscriptions. Consequently the six tablets are wordless. And in keeping with this tradition, that’s why the tablets later on are also blank.Now we are arriving at The Gate of Eminent Favor and the Hall of Eminent Favor of Dingling, The Hall of Eminent Favor isalso called Hall of Enjoyment. It was the place where the emperor and his entourage held grand sacrificial rites. They were mostly destroyed when the Qing soldiers came. And they were destroyed again later, so now only the ruins remain.Moving on, this is the exhibition rooms that were built after the excavation of the Underground Palace. The exhibition explains in detail the history of the tomb master and introduces the tomb excavation process. The exhibition rooms are divided into two parts, the south and the north. In the south room, on display are the sacrificial objects of Emperor Wanli unearthed from the Underground Palace. In the north room, on display are the sacrificial items of the two empresses. All of then are fancy and invaluable.Now we arrive at The Soul Tower, this is the symbol of the tomb. It is a stone structure with colorful painted decorations. The Soul T ower and the Precious citadel of Dingling have never been damaged seriously. The Soul Tower is the best preserved architecture above the ground of Dingling. On top of the yellow, glazed tiled roof of the Soul Tower sits a big stone tablet. Two Chinese characters----Dingling, are carved on the tablet. Inside the Soul Tower, on top of another stone tablet, there are two big characters----'the Great Ming' written in seal characters. On the body of the tablet, seven Chinese characters-----'Tomb of Emperor Shenzong Xian' are carved. The Soul Tower is connected with the Precious Citadel. The Precious Citadel is a large round wall built with bricks. The Precious Citadel wall is 7.5 m high, and lower part is thick while the upper part is thin. The round wall's perimeter is over 800 meters, and inside the wall is a large artificial mound, the emperor's tomb mound, known as Precious Top.Dingling is the only Ming Tomb to be excavated. Formal excavation work started in May 1956 and ended in 1958. First, the working personnel discovered an exposed gateway at the side wall to the southwest of the Precious Citadel of Dingling. So they dug the first tunnel facing the position of the gateway. At the bottom of the tunnel, they discovered a tunnel made of bricks. Three months later, along the direction of the tunnel, to the west of the Soul T ower, they dug the second tunnel. During the digging, they encountered with a stone tablet which inscribed the words ' from here 48. 8m forward and 10. 7m downward lies the precious wall'. Therefore it gave the correct direction of opening up the Underground Palace.According to the direction of the stone tablet, after digging the third tunnel, they found a stone tunnel. At last they got to the precious wall. Thus they opened the precious wall with a square stone room. To the west end of the room, lay two marble doors. The working personnel used a wire and wood plank to remove the ' self-acting' stone bar, which was against the back of the door. With this method, they opened the entrance of the Underground Palace.The palace has no beam which was built according to the principles of geomancy Altogether there are five chambers. The chambers are separated by seven marble doors. The Underground Palace is 27 meters deep, covering an area of 1,195 square meters. There is a same structure stone door in between the front, middle and rear chambers. The door is made of marble. The biggest marble door is 3. 3 meters high, 1.7 meters wide, 4 tons in weight. It looks heavy, but it is reasonably designed. The pivot of the stone door is inclined to the door axle, so the door is easy to open and close. On top of the door is a lintel (made ofbronze) tube weighing about 10 tons to prevent the door from falling. Carved on the front of the marble door are 9 rows of 81 knobs and strange animals with rings in their mouths. Located on the reverse side, opposite the animals, is a protruding section that holds the door's 'self-acting' stone bar.The front and middle chambers are 7. 2 meters high and 6 meters wide. The floor is covered with gold bricks. According to records, the gold bricks are smooth and durable. The more you polish them, the brighter they become. There are no decorations in the front and two annex chambers. In the middle chamber, there are three marble thrones for Emperor Wanli and his two Empresses, known as the precious thrones. In the front of the thrones, there are five yellow glazed offerings and one blue-and-white porcelain jar of Jiajing Year's style with a cloud-and-dragon design. It is about 0.7 meters in diameter. Originally there was sesame oil in the jar. On the surface of the oil was a copper tube with a wick inside. It is called the 'everlasting lamp'. Due to the lack of oxygen, the light went out so the oil had not been used all.The rear chamber is the biggest of the three. It is 9.5 meters high, 31 meters long, 9.l meters wide, the floor is paved with polished stones. In the rear chamber, there is a coffin platform edged with white marble. Placed on the platform are the coffins of Emperor Wanli and his two Empresses as well as 26 vermilion boxes filled with funeral objects.In the middle of the coffin platform, there is a rectangular hole filled with soil called Gold Well. Putting jade stone around the coffin or inside the coffin or in the mouth of the deceased is called being ' buried with jade. ' Ancient people believed Gold Well was the pit of geomancy. It could prevent the body fromdecay for a long time. Being 'buried with jade' on a Gold Well was the highest standard of entombment one could receive in the feudal era.Originally the empress's coffin should have been placed in the rear chamber. Then why were the coffins of the two empresses also in the same chamber as the emperor's? In 1620, first empress Xiaoduan died in April, then in July Emperor Wanli also died. After that, the son of Zhu Changluo died 29 days after his succession. In only a few months, two emperors and one empress had died in succession. In addition they had removed Empress Xiaojing's coffin to Dingling. All the burdens of the funeral burials fell on the just enthroned Emperor Zhu Youjian. The preparation work was done in a hurried fashion (this was clearly recorded in historical documents). The rainy season had already arrived before the funeral could occur and the passage leading to the empress' annex chamber may not have been convenient to open. So the coffins of the emperor, empresses all entered the Underground Palace through the front entrance. After the coffins entered the Underground Palace, since the passage to the annex chambers were narrow, the coffins of the empresses would not fit through it. So they had to put all the three coffins together into the rear chamber.Now please follow me out of the underground palace. And our tour for today is completed. I hope you have found our time together informative and enjoyable. We now have half an hour for a rest, and then we will get together here at 4:00pm. Thank you.。
介绍河北清东陵的导游词范文
介绍河北清东陵的导游词范文亲爱的游客朋友们，大家好！欢迎大家来到河北清东陵，我是今天的导游，接下来将由我带领大家一同领略这座宏伟的皇家陵寝的魅力。
清东陵位于河北省遵化市昌瑞山南麓，是中国现存规模最宏大、体系最完整、布局最得体的帝王陵墓建筑群之一。
它的修建始于顺治十八年（1661 年），历时 247 年，陆续建成了 217 座宫殿牌楼，组成了大小 15 座陵园。
咱们先来说说这清东陵的选址。
古人可是十分讲究风水的，清东陵所在之地背靠着昌瑞山，面临着金星山，左右还有鹰飞倒仰山和黄花山作为屏障，中间还有蜿蜒流淌的西大河，真可谓是山水环绕、藏风聚气的风水宝地。
在这众多的陵园中，最具代表性的当属孝陵了。
孝陵是清世祖顺治皇帝的陵墓，也是清东陵的首陵。
进入孝陵，您会看到一条宽阔的神道，神道两侧排列着各种精美的石像生。
这些石像生雕刻得栩栩如生，有狮子、大象、骏马等等，它们不仅是装饰，更有着守护陵寝的寓意。
接着咱们再去看看景陵，这是康熙皇帝的陵寝。
康熙皇帝在位 61 年，功绩卓著，他的陵寝规模也相当宏大。
景陵的建筑风格庄重典雅，彰显着皇家的威严。
还有乾隆皇帝的裕陵，那可是清东陵中的艺术瑰宝。
裕陵的地宫雕刻精美绝伦，石壁上布满了佛像、经文和各种图案，让人不禁感叹古代工匠们的高超技艺。
慈禧太后的定东陵也不容错过。
慈禧太后在晚清时期掌握着大权，她的陵寝修建得极其奢华。
从建筑的规模到装饰的细节，都处处体现着她的权威和奢华的生活。
除了这些主要的陵寝，清东陵还有很多值得一看的地方。
比如那些精美的碑亭、隆恩殿、配殿等等。
每一处建筑都有着独特的历史价值和艺术价值。
在这里，咱们还能了解到许多古代的丧葬文化。
从陵寝的布局到丧葬的礼仪，都反映了当时的社会等级制度和皇家的威严。
清东陵不仅是一座历史的丰碑，更是一部生动的史书。
它见证了清朝的兴衰荣辱，也承载着无数的故事和传说。
当您漫步在清东陵的神道上，感受着岁月的沧桑，仿佛能听到历史的回声。
北京六大景点英文导游词之十三陵
At a distance of 50 km northwest of Beijing stands an arc-shaped cluster of hills fronted by a small plain. Here is where 13 emperors of the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) were buried, and the area is known as the Ming Tombs.Construction of the tombs started in 1409 and ended with the fall of the Ming Dynasty in 1644. In over 200 years tombs were built over an area of 40 square kilometres, which is surrounded by walls totalling 40 kilometres. Each tomb is located at the foot of a separate hill and is linked with the other tombs by a road called the Sacred Way. The stone archway at the southern end of the Sacred Way, built in 1540, is 14 metres high and 19 metres wide, and is decorated with designs of clouds, waves and divine animals.Beijing served as the national capital during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Unlike Ming and Qing rulers who all built massive tombs for themselves, Yuan rulers left no similar burial grounds. Why the difference?This has to do with people's different views on death. Beijing nomads came from the Mongolian steppe. Mongols who established the Yuan Dynasty held the belief that they had come from: earth. they adopted a simple funeral method: the dead was placed inside a hollowed nanmu tree, which was then buried under grassland. Growth of grass soon left no traces of the tombs.By contrast, during the Ming Dynasty established by Han Chinese coming from an agricultural society in central China, people believed the existence of an after-world, where the dead "lived" a life similar to that of the living. Ming emperor, therefore, has grand mausoleums built for themselves. Qing rulers did likewise. Stone ArchwayThe stone archway at the southern end of the Sacred Way, built in 1540, is 14 metres high and 19 metres wide, and is decorated with designs of clouds, waves and divine animals. Well-proportioned and finely carved, the archway is one of the best preserved specimens of its kink in the Ming Dynasty. It is also the largest ancient stone archway in China.Stele PavilionThe Stele Pavilion, not far from the Great Palace Gate, is actually a pavilion with a double-eaved roof. On the back of the stele is carvedpoetry written by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty when he visited the Ming Tombs.Sacred WayThe Sacred Way inside the gate of the Ming Tomb is lined with 18 pairs of stone human figures and animals. These include four each of three types of officials: civil, military and meritorious officials, symbolizing those who assist the emperor in the administration of the state, plus four each of six iypes of animals: lion, griffin, camel, elephant, unicorn and horse.Yongling TombYongling, built in 1536, is the tomb for Emperor Shizong, Zhu Houcong (1507-1566). He stayed in power for 45 years.Dingling TombThe Dingling Tomb is the tomb of Emperor Wanli (reigned 1573-1619), the 13th emperor of the Ming Dynasty, whose personal name was Zhu Yijun, and of his two empresses, Xiao Duan and Xiao Jing. The tomb was completed in six years (1584-1590), it occupies a total area of 1,195 square meters at the foot of Dayu Mountain southwest of the Changling Tomb.Maoling TombEmperor Xianzong, Zhu Jianshen, and his three empresses are entombed within Maoling. Zhu Jianshen (1447-1487) was the first son of Emperor Yingzong. He stayed in power for 22 years.We have covered some of the most significant tombs of the 13 Ming tombs in the tour. If you are also interested in the other tombs, the best way is to come and experience yourself. Changling TombChangling is the tomb of emperor Yongle (reigned 1403-1424), the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty whose personal name was Zhu Di, and of his empress. Built in 1413, the mausoleum extends over an area of 100,000 square metres. The soul tower, which tells people whose tomb it is, rests on a circular wall called the "city of treasures" which surrounds the burial mound. The "city of treasures" at Changling has a length of more than a kilometre.Underground PalaceThe underground palace at Dingling Tomb consists of an antechamber, a ceniral chamber and a rear chamber plus the left and right annexes. One of the pictures shows the central chamber where the sacrificial utensils are on display. Two marble doors are made of single slabs and carved with life-size human figures, flowers and birds. More than 3,000 articles have been unearthed from the tumulus, the most precious being the golden crowns of the emperor and his queen.。
清东陵导游词中英文
清东陵导游词中英文第一篇：清东陵导游词中英文裕陵裕陵是清入关后第四帝清高宗爱新觉罗？弘历即乾隆皇帝的陵寝，位于孝陵以西的胜水峪，始建于乾隆八年（1743），乾隆十七年告竣，耗银200多万两。
裕陵明堂开阔，建筑崇宏，工精料美，气势非凡，自南向北依次为圣德神功碑亭、五孔桥、石像生、牌楼门、一孔桥、下马牌、井亭、神厨库、东西朝房、三路三孔桥及东西平桥、东西班房、隆恩殿、三路一孔桥、琉璃花门、二柱门、祭台五供、方城、明楼、宝城、宝顶和地宫，其规制既承袭了前朝，又有展拓和创新。
一、石像生设置8对，比其祖父康熙帝的景陵多了麒麟、骆驼、狻猊各一对，虽数量少于孝陵，但种类却与孝陵一样。
二、裕陵大殿东暖阁辟为佛楼，供奉各式佛像及大量珍宝。
以后帝陵纷纷效仿，成为定制。
三、陵寝门前的玉带河上建有三座规制相同的一孔拱桥，龙凤柱头栏杆，桥两端以靠山龙戗住望柱。
这三座拱桥造刑优美，雕工精细，在清陵中仅此一例。
四、地宫内布满了精美的佛教题材的雕刻：三世佛、五方佛、八大菩萨、四大天王、二十四佛、五欲供、狮子、八宝、法器、佛花以及三万多字的藏文、梵文经咒，雕法娴熟精湛，线条流畅细腻，造型生动传神，布局严谨有序，堪称“庄严肃穆的地下佛堂”和“石雕艺术宝库”。
裕陵的这些特征既是乾隆皇帝好大喜功、笃信佛教个人意志的体现，也是处于鼎盛时期的清王朝综合国力的反映。
裕陵地宫内葬乾隆皇帝、孝贤、孝仪两位皇后，慧贤、哲悯、淑嘉三位皇贵妃，共计六人。
Yuling: Yuling fourth of Emperor 高宗爱新觉罗• 弘历 After Qing Emperor Qianlong mausoleum, located west of the Xiaoling wins Shuiyu, was built in the Qianlong years(1743), Qianlongseventeenyears see completed, the consumption of more than 170 million ounces of silver.Yuling Mingtang open, the building Chonghong, workers concentrate the United States, imposing extraordinary holiness magic Beiting, five-hole bridge, stone figures, archway door order from south to north, a hole in the bridge, dismount brand Jingting, kitchen god library, something toward the room, three three-hole bridge and things Pingqiao things classrooms, en Temple, three hole bridge, and glass flower door, the second wicket, the altar five for Fangcheng, Ming House, Boseong , ding and the underground palace, the regulation only inherited the former, another exhibition Billiton and innovation.Stone figures set of eight pairs than its grandfather Mausoleum of Emperor 康熙 of the King, a pair of unicorn, camel, Ni, although the number is less than Xiaoling, but the species has Xiaoling.Yuling hall turned into East Snappers Buddha floor, dedicated to all kinds of statues and a large number of treasures.After the Mausoleum to follow suit and become the custom.Built mausoleum in front of Yudai River the three regulation the same hole arch bridge, dragon and phoenix stigma railings, the bridge at both ends to the patron dragon berm live in hope pillar.This three-arch bridge in prison beautiful carving fine, only this one case in the Qing Mausoleum., And intrauterine full of beautifully carved Buddhist themes: Buddhas of the five parties, the Buddha, eight Buddha, four kings, twenty-four Buddhas, five desires for the Lions, Eight, instruments used, the Buddha spent thirty thousand multi-word Tibetan, Sanskrit Mantras, carved skillfully superb, delicate flowing lines, dynamic, vivid and expressive, disciplined layout, called the "solemn underground temple and stone carving art treasure house.The Yuling these characteristics both Emperor Qianlong grandiosemanifestation of devout Buddhist, the individual will, but also a reflection of the overall national strength in the heyday of the Qing Dynasty.The Yuling intrauterine buried two queens of Emperor Qianlong, Xiao Xian, Hsiao-yi, Hui Yin, philosophy of Benjamin, Shu Jia three imperial concubine, a total of six people 第二篇：清东陵导游词清东陵导游词各位游客大家好，首先欢迎大家来清东陵旅游，我是神龙旅行社的导游张圣熙。
清东陵(英文PPT简介)
D in g D o n g lin g
T h e to m b o f E m p re s s D o w a g e r C ix i , th e w o m a n w h o ru le d C h in a b e h in d a c u rta in fo r 48
D in g D o n g lin g
Main tombs
顺治孝陵 Xiaoling 康熙景陵 Jingling 乾隆裕陵 Yuling 咸丰定陵 Dingling 同治惠陵 Huiling Ding Dongling 慈禧定东陵
龙凤门
Xiaoling
The centre of Eastern Qing Tombs is Xiaoling, the tomb of Emperor Shunzhi,the first to be buried there in 1663,Of all the tombs, Xiaoling is the biggest and most elaborate, standing as the focal point of the entire structure. The grandeur of this tomb may be attributed to its having been the first sepulcher constructed for a member of the royal family of the Qing Dynasty.
英语导游词解说老龙头(原创)
Guiding in Scenic Areas (The Old Dragon Head)Stimulated Situation(The tour guide, Cathy, is offering the interpretations in the Old Dragon HeadOk, my dear friends, now we are at the north gate of the Old Dragon Head scenic spot. As we learned before, the Great Wall in Qinhuangdao could be divided into three kinds roughly, namely, the mountain Great Wall, take Jiaoshan for example, which is not far away from the First Pass under Heaven; the plain Great Wall, take the First Pass under Heaven for example, which we will visit this afternoon; the Old Dragon Head we will visit now is the Great Wall entering the sea. It is the very east starting point of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty. （1368年—1644年）(Ming is the last but one dynasty in Chinese feudalistic dynasty, it existed from the middle of 14th century to 17th century. ) With Yanshan to its north and Bohai Sea to its south, it was originally chosen by its founder Xu Da, the famous general in Ming Dynasty in 1381 for troop station to defend the inbreak from north. And during Ming and Qing Dynasty (Qing is the last dynasty in Chinese feudalistic dynasty, it existed from the middle of 17th century to the early 20th century.)the north gate of the Old Dragon Head(Ninghaicheng)It was originally built by Yang Sichang, the governor of Ming Dynasty.This sea defense fortress restored in fall of 1988.The building is 8 meters high,4 meters thick with a circumference of 899 meters.During Ming and Qing Dynasty, it was not only a place for station troops, but also a place for many emperors, generals, ministers and scholars coming to poetize and appreciate the sea.Ladies and gentlemen, the building in front of us is Ninghaicheng. It is the north gate of this scenic spot. It was originally built by Yang Sichang, the governor of Ming Dynasty.This sea defense fortress restored in fall of 1988. The building is 8 meters high,4 meters thick with a circumference of 899 meters. In the Ninghaicheng, there are some military constructions, such as Longwu Camp(龙武营)，Defense Office(守备署), Commander ’s Office （把总署），Glory Temple(显功词)，Marching Field(校军场) etc. OK! My dear friends just follow me please.Ok, let ’s make a right turn. Here we are, Longwu Camp. Longwu Camp was the navy ’s base in Ming Dynasty according to the history. It was originally built by Sun Chengzong( the prime minister of Ming Dynasty). In the late of Ming, Houjin(Qing, a national minority) forces were threatening, and Ming forces were retreating again and again leaving cities and territories behind them. Here was the only defense site left. In 1622, Sun Chengzong came here and three navy battalions were trained to strengthen the defense on sea and land. In 1632, Yang Sichang rebuilt it.Longwu CampFirst of all, in our left hand, it is grinding house, where in the old days the soldiers prepared the raw materials for food. For example, they used such tools to turn wheat into flour or turn corn into flour etc. In 15th century, no advanced technology, no electric power, we could sense how hard life it is in the time. Even now, in China rural areas, such tools still are used to make food. It is said that the food made in this way taste better than the machine. So, if you have chance, you can have a try, I believe you can get the answer by yourself.Well, in our right hand, it is food preparation room. Surly, you also could call it kitchen. Mind your steps please! My friends, what we see now are the tables and benches for soldiers. They can enjoy their food over there. So it is the dining hall. Please don’t stop your steps, in the following, you could find a super pot which is about 2 meters deep. Just guess, how much time to make a pot of food in the old days?(Coming out from the kitchen, one of the foreigners was so surprised to see a windlass(辘轳) over the well, then asked the local guide interestedly.)Tourist--- Hi, Cathy, what’s that for? It looks so odd.Cathy----Wow! Thank you for your question.(smiles) Just like the roller in the Grinding House, it is a typical tool in China ancient times. Soldiers here used to take water by this. In lateMing Dynasty, the Minister of Military Sun Chengzong was designated to commandthe military forces in the area. Stationed in Shanhaiguan, he trained three battalions ofnavy forces as an effort to consolidate marine defense. The soldiers over thousand innumber drank from this well. Therefore, near to the seaside, they could get the freshwater over there, that’s lucky! And the well played very important role in history.。
沈阳东陵的英文介绍
沈阳东陵的英文介绍英汉翻译沈阳东陵（Shenyang Imperial Palace）是中国清朝时期的皇家陵墓，位于辽宁省沈阳市东北部的顺城区。
它是清朝第一位皇帝努尔哈赤及其后裔的陵墓，也是中国现存规模最大、保存最完整的古代皇家陵园之一。
沈阳东陵始建于1629年，历经多次扩建和修复，占地面积达到510万平方米。
整个陵园由四个主要部分组成：前陵、中陵、后陵和望陵。
前陵是入口大门及相关建筑，中陵是祭坛和墓道，后陵是主要的皇帝陵墓，望陵是供奉祖先的神庙。
陵园内的建筑以黄色为主色调，充满了皇家的雍容华贵气息。
沈阳东陵被列为中国国家重点文物保护单位和世界文化遗产。
它展示了中国古代皇家陵墓的建筑艺术和历史文化价值，吸引了大量的游客和研究者前来参观和研究。
游客可以在陵园内欣赏到精美的雕刻、宏伟的建筑和丰富的历史文物，感受到中国古代帝王的盛世繁华。
Shenyang Imperial Palace, also known as Dongling, is the imperial tomb complex of the Qing Dynasty in China. It is located in Shun Cheng District, northeast of Shenyang City,Liaoning Province. It is the tomb of Nurhaci, the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty, and his descendants. It is also one of the largest and most well-preserved ancient royal tombs in China.Construction of Shenyang Imperial Palace began in 1629 and underwent several expansions and renovations. It covers an area of 5.1 million square meters. The complex consists of four main parts: Front Tomb, Middle Tomb, Rear Tomb, and Wang Tomb. The Front Tomb includes the main entrance gate and related buildings, the Middle Tomb houses the altar and burial path, the Rear Tomb is the main tomb of the emperor, and the Wang Tomb is a temple for ancestral worship. The buildings within the tomb complex are predominantly yellow, reflecting the royal grandeur and elegance.Shenyang Imperial Palace is listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit in China and a UNESCO World Heritage site. It showcases the architectural art and historical and cultural value of ancient Chinese imperial tombs, attracting numerous visitors and researchers. Visitors can appreciate exquisite carvings, magnificent architecture, and abundant historical relics within the tomb complex, immersing themselves in the splendor ofancient Chinese emperors.。
清东陵英语
清东陵英语“清东陵”：“Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty”。
解释：“eastern”表示“东方的”，在这里明确方位；“royal tombs”是“皇家陵墓”的意思，表明其性质；“of the Qing Dynasty”（清朝的）说明所属的朝代。
运用情况：1. 在介绍中国历史文化遗产相关的文章或演讲中。
例如：The Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty are important historical and cultural heritages in China.（清东陵是中国重要的历史文化遗产。
）2. 在旅游宣传资料中。
For example, The Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty attract a large number of tourists every year.（例如，清东陵每年吸引大量游客。
）3. 在历史研究著作中。
The architecture in the Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty reflects the high - level building techniques at that time.（清东陵的建筑反映了当时高超的建筑技艺。
）4. 在文化交流活动中，向国外友人介绍中国的陵墓文化。
We can introduce the Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty to foreign friends to let them know about Chinese mausoleum culture.（我们可以向外国朋友介绍清东陵，让他们了解中国的陵墓文化。
）5. 在博物馆的文物介绍展板上。
The precious cultural relics unearthed from the Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty are displayed in the museum.（从清东陵出土的珍贵文物在博物馆展出。
清西陵英语导游词
清西陵英语导游词清西陵英语导游词作为一名旅游从业人员，时常会需要准备好导游词，导游词具有极强的'实用性，涉及的知识十分广泛。
那么导游词应该怎么写呢？下面是小编收集整理的清西陵英语导游词，希望对大家有所帮助。
清西陵英语导游词1Ladies and gentlemen: hello and welcome to Qingxiling. I'm your guide. Located at the foot of Yongning mountain, Yixian County, Hebei Province, 125 kilometers away from Beijing. It is the mausoleum group of four emperors' mausoleums, three queens' mausoleums and some princesses, princesses and concubines' gardens in the Qing Dynasty. With more than 50000 square meters of mausoleum buildings, more than 1000 temples and more than 100 stone buildings and carvings, the Xiling mausoleum is one of the largest, best preserved and most complete Imperial Mausoleums of the Qing Dynasty in China. It is the most outstanding representative of mausoleum architecture in China for 20xx years. In the 8300 hectare protection area of the Western Qing mausoleum, there are four emperor mausoleums, three empress mausoleums, four Royal, Princess and elder brother's dormitories, a total of 14 mausoleums and two ancillary buildings (yongsifu and Xinggong). There are 78 people buried, including four emperors Yongzheng, Jiaqing, Daoguang and Guangxu, nine queens, 57 concubines, two princes and six elder brothers. There are more than one thousand palace buildings and more than one hundred stone buildings in the mausoleum area, whose architectural form and regulations clearly reflect the feudal social rules and regulations. Four Imperial Mausoleums and three rearmausoleums are covered with yellow glazed tiles, while concubines, princesses and princes' dormitories are covered with green glazed tiles or grey cloth tiles. These ancient buildings are surrounded by green pines and cypresses, competing for glory in the vast forest. There is also Yongning mountain with five colors of auspicious clouds, standing behind the mausoleum. The Yishui River, which traces back to the spiritual source of Bagong, flows slowly in front of the dahongmen, which makes the Qing Dynasty's western mausoleum more beautiful and grand. Among them, the largest Yongzheng mausoleum, located in the center of the mausoleum area, is the earliest and largest building in the Western mausoleum. The rest of the mausoleums are distributed in the East and West. The Shinto of the tailing mausoleum is made of three layers of huge bricks. On both sides of the Shinto are green pines and cypresses. From south to north, there are more than 40 large and small buildings. The first building is a five arch bridge entering the mausoleum area. There are three tall stone archways in the north of the bridge. The architecture of the memorial archway is solemn and beautiful with harmonious colors. The three stone squares, all in the form of five rooms, six columns and eleven floors, are built with blue and white stones, and engraved with mountains, water, flowers, grass, animals and other graphics. Their vivid forms are regarded as representative works of Xiling architectural art. The tomb of Jiaqing is called Changling. Changling and tailing are juxtaposed, with the same scale as tailing. Jiaqing was the 15th son of Emperor Qianlong. When Emperor Qianlong passed on the throne to him, he selected the site of his mausoleum one kilometer south of the tailing mausoleum. The long'en Hall of Changling is very distinctive. The ground is paved with precious yellow mottledstones. The stone slabs are also decorated with purple patterns. They are smooth and dazzling, and seem to be full of gems. The pillar is covered with gold and decorated with clouds and dragons. Daoguang mausoleum with exquisite craftsmanship is called Muling mausoleum. The mausoleum is characterized by its small scale, without Fangcheng, minglou, dabeiting, shixiangsheng and other buildings, but its engineering weight is stronger than that of the two mausoleums of Tai and Chang. The whole wall, brick to brick joints, dry grouting, wall flush solid. The building technology of longen hall is exquisite. The main hall is made of Phoebe and is not decorated with oil paint. The original color of logs is maintained. When the door is opened, the aroma of Phoebe comes. There are dragons in each small square on the ceiling, and purlin Fang, queti, also carved with upstream dragons and flat dragons. These dragons open their mouths and puff their clouds. Chongling is the mausoleum of Guangxu, 5 kilometers east of the tailing mausoleum. It is the last existing mausoleum in China. The whole mausoleum area has luxuriant trees and pleasant scenery. The ancient buildings in the imperial palace where the emperor lived can accommodate tourists. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Chen Zengrong, commander-in-chief of Taining T own, loved the beautiful mountains and rivers in his spare time, and determined eight sceneries of the Western mausoleum, which were "Jingguan Ziqi", "resisting horses and rushing waves", "clouds and emeralds", "Qifeng sunset", "Emei evening bell", "Fushan holding the sun", "Huagai Yanlan" and "Yishui cold current" . It is because of these pleasant natural scenery, which set off the auspicious land of "ten thousand years of dragon and tiger, every night of ghosts and gods", that Yongzheng, the third generation emperor of the Qing Dynasty,left his father and ancestors and opened the first Xiling in Yizhou, in order to make the Qing Dynasty more prosperous. On March 2, 1737, Emperor Qianlong Fengan his father in the underground palace of tailing. Later, Emperor Qianlong came up with a way to make the best of both sides in order to make the eastern and Western mausoleums last forever. Later emperors were buried in the eastern and Western mausoleums of the Qing Dynasty in the way of "Zhaomu order and alternate generations". Therefore, he first built his own Yu mausoleum in shengshuiyu, which is within the boundary of the eastern Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty. He was accompanied by his grandfather Kangxi, and his son Jiaqing built a Chang mausoleum beside the Tai mausoleum to accompany his grandfather Yongzheng. According to the system of Zhaomu, Daoguang's mausoleum was originally built in baohuayu of the eastern mausoleum. After seven years of mausoleum construction and burial in empress Xiaomu, he found that the underground palace was seeping continuously. Daoguang had to choose a high and flat place in the Western mausoleum to demolish the mausoleum of baohuayu and build a Mausoleum in the Western mausoleum. After the emperors of Xianfeng and T ongzhi, Guangxu also built the tomb in Xiling. If it is said that the mountains and rivers in the Western mausoleum are all made by nature, then after 185 years from the construction of the tailing mausoleum to the completion of Chongling mausoleum, the ingenious combination of human landscape and natural landscape has been formed, and the cosmology of "making man and nature in one" has been fully reflected in the mausoleum architecture. As sun dinglie said in Yongning mountain retinue Ji Cheng, "the mountains are towering and vigorous from Taihang. The mountains are lofty and steep. Theyarch far out. The Lingyan is green and the environment is clean. There are countless hills down there. It is like a finger in the hand. There is a flat development between the two hills. The tombs are in the place where the petals of flowers and the bamboo shoots are protected layer by layer." the dragon is flat and the Phoenix is bright. It has a long history The front and back arches are like "jade shoots in Jincheng". Well, dear tourists, the Qingxiling is here for you. Thank you for your support!清西陵英语导游词2The Western T omb of Qing Dynasty is one of the two mausoleums of the emperors of Qing Dynasty. It is located at the foot of Yongning mountain, 15 kilometers west of Yi County, Hebei Province, and more than 120 kilometers away from Beijing. The perimeter is about 100 kilometers, covering an area of more than 800 square kilometers. It is surrounded by the emerald Yongning mountain in the north and the meandering Yishui River in the south, with towering ancient trees and magnificent scenery.Since the establishment of the mausoleum, the Qing Dynasty has planted tens of thousands of pine trees at the foot of Yongning mountain, on the Bank of Yishui River, inside and outside the mausoleum. Now there are 15000 ancient pines, more than 200000 young pines and cypresses. The mausoleum area is lush with pines and cypresses and beautiful mountains and waters. The 14 mausoleums are hidden in the pine forest, just like a gorgeous landscape painting.Empress Xiaosheng's Taidong mausoleum is located in the West Mausoleum of Qing Dynasty in Yi County, Hebei Province, and in dongzhengyu, about 1 km northeast of Emperor Yongzheng's Tailing mausoleum. T aidong mausoleum is the largest of the three empresses Mausoleums in the WestMausoleum of Qing Dynasty. In September of the first year of Emperor Qianlong's reign (1736), Prince Heng Hongmin, the Minister of internal affairs and the Minister of household affairs Haiwang, asked Emperor Qianlong whether to reserve the throne for the Empress Dowager after Emperor Yongzheng was buried in the underground palace of the tailing mausoleum. The Empress Dowager issued a decree: "after emperor shizongxian's worship of the underground palace, he was always quiet. If the action is to be resumed in the future, the premier will feel uneasy with the righteousness of superiority and inferiority. Besides, the constitution of Zhaoxi mausoleum and Xiaodong Mausoleum of our Dynasty can be complied with, and there is no need to reserve a division in the underground palace of tailing mausoleum. " In accordance with the Empress Dowager's decree, Emperor Qianlong built the Taidong mausoleum for the Empress Dowager in the second year of Qianlong (1737) and completed it in the eighth year of Qianlong (1743). The main buildings from south to north are: a three hole arch bridge, east-west xiamapai, five East-West houses, three East-West check-in houses, and five long'en gate. There are five East-West stoves, five East-West halls and five double eaves halls. There are three mausoleum gates, shiwugong, Fangcheng, minglou, Baocheng and Baoding. Below the top is the underground palace. On the left side of the mausoleum is the kitchen. There is a well Pavilion outside the reservoir.清西陵英语导游词3Among the Western tombs of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Yongzheng's Tai mausoleum is the earliest and the largest, which can be called the first mausoleum. This is a group of ancient buildings left from the flourishing period of the Qing Dynasty. Itssite selection, planning and layout reflect the prosperity of the country and the stability of the political situation at that time. It is also very exquisite in building materials, engineering technology and traditional crafts.Contemporary architects say that tailing is a typical geomantic model. Standing on the Wukong bridge in front of dahongmen and looking around, you can see the rolling Yongning mountain in the north, which is like a barrier. Yongning mountain is the remaining vein of Taihang Mountain, which belongs to the same vein system with Changrui mountain of Dongling. This mountain comes from Shanxi, such as the dragon lying across the central plains; the East and West Huagai mountains on both sides of dahongmen are the natural gateway; the Jiulong and Jiufeng mountains are the low mountains protecting the left and right; the dignified Yuanbao mountain in the south is the Chaoshan mountain of tailing; In the middle of the vast plain is located in the magnificent, scattered buildings. The Yishui river flows under the Wukong bridge, forming a pattern of mountains reflecting water and water supporting mountains. The cosmology of "the mausoleum system is commensurate with the mountains and rivers, and the unity of heaven and man" is fully reflected here. At the same time, it shows the superb art of the ancient architects. As Mr. Simmond, the authority of American landscape architecture, said, "the Egyptians go all the way to the end on an unchangeable demand road predetermined by themselves. When the Chinese wander alone in their world, they have a friendly nature to guide them to visit heaven and ancestral graves. So there is no place where scenery can really become an architectural art material. "The architectural layout of the mausoleum is also veryelegant, which is completely in accordance with the layout of the palace where the emperor lived, and according to the needs of etiquette. With Shinto as the central axis running through the north and south, the main buildings are arranged on the central axis, all of which face south; the underground palace is located at the end of the central axis, with Dangyang in the middle, and the rest of the buildings are arranged along the central axis. These buildings are made up and combined with accurate scale, appropriate volume, colorful colors and flexible and ingenious methods, which makes the memorial and ritual theme of the mausoleum unfold and deepen in an orderly way.Stone archway is one of the most distinctive buildings in the mausoleum of tailing. There are three archways in the mausoleum of tailing, which are unique in both quantity and arrangement. One plane faces the south, two East and West, and forms a spacious courtyard with the dahongmen in the north. Each archway is 12.75 meters high and 31.85 meters wide, with five rooms, six columns and eleven floors. All of them are made of huge blue and white stones. Each part is also carved with rich patterns. The layout of the picture is reasonable, the shape is vivid, the carving is exquisite, exquisite and full of vitality. This is still an isolated work in the mausoleum of the emperors of the past dynasties in China. It has become one of the most valuable buildings listed in the world cultural heritage.The whole mausoleum area pays attention to the treatment of the door, which can be used not only for access, but also to cut off the space interface. Dahongmen is the main entrance to the mausoleum. It has a single eaves and a veranda roof. It looks simple, dignified, solid and steady. It looks like a dragon reclining in front of the mausoleum. There are 42 Li Fengshui walls on bothsides, which extend meandering and cover the mausoleum area, showing the solemn style of dahongmen.It is a place for emperors and concubines to change their clothes when they come to visit the mausoleum and worship their ancestors. It is built along the Fu Zuo Hall of the Ming Dynasty. There is a clean room in the hall, which is similar to the toilet now. There is an embroidered toilet in it. Now, for the convenience of tourists, there is a flushing toilet beside the clean room.清西陵英语导游词4The Western T omb of Qing Dynasty is one of the two mausoleums of the emperors of Qing Dynasty. It is located at the foot of Yongning mountain, 15 kilometers west of Yi County, Hebei Province, and more than 120 kilometers away from Beijing. The perimeter is about 100 kilometers, covering an area of more than 800 square kilometers. The West Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty is surrounded by Yongning mountain in the north and Yishui River in the south. There are more than 1000 palace buildings and more than 100 ancient buildings and sculptures in the mausoleum area, which is magnificent. Each mausoleum strictly follows the imperial mausoleum building system of the Qing Dynasty. The mausoleum of the emperor, the mausoleum of the queen and the mausoleum of the prince are covered with yellow glazed tiles, while the mausoleum of the imperial concubine, the princess and the elder brother are covered with green glazed tiles. These different architectural forms show different landscapes and styles. Here is the largest ancient pine forest in North China. Tens of thousands of ancient pines and cypresses decorate this area with beautiful, lush, simple and generous. The West Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty issurrounded by Yongning mountain in the north and Yishui River in the south.The Western Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty was built in 1730 (the eighth year of Yongzheng). It went through the period from the middle of the 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century, and Yu Xuyan to the Republic of China. Yongzheng eight years (AD 1730) selected this site for the mausoleum. The site of Yongzheng's mausoleum was originally chosen in Chaoyang mountain, Jiufeng mausoleum in the east of Qing Dynasty, but he thought that "although the scale is large, the shape is not complete, and the soil in the cave is with sand and stone, which is not available." so he abandoned the original site and ordered to choose another "ten thousand year auspicious land". Those who chose the site of the mausoleum said that at the foot of Yongning mountain in Yixian County is "a place where heaven and earth gather and where Yin and Yang meet. There is no beauty in the sand and water of the Dragon Cave. The situation is rational, and all good things are ready. " Emperor Yongzheng was very happy after reading the music. He also thought that "the water law of mountains and rivers is well-organized, and it is a land of good fortune.".Since then, the Qing emperors have been buried in the eastern and Western tombs of Zunhua and Yi county. The first building of the Western mausoleum was the Tai mausoleum in 1730 A.D. and the Chongling mausoleum in 1915 A.D. after 186 years, it has built 4 Imperial Mausoleums, 3 rear mausoleums, 7 gardens and dormitories for princes, princesses and concubines, burying 80 people including four emperors, nine queens, 56 concubines, princesses and princesses of Yongzheng, Jiaqing, Daoguang and Guangxu. Emperor Puyi of Xuantong died in 1967and was initially buried in Babaoshan. In 1995, he was moved to the Hualong Royal Cemetery in the Western Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty. With a construction area of more than 50000 square meters, there are more than 1000 palaces and more than 100 stone sculptures and buildings, forming a grand and magnificent ancient architectural complex.The Western Qing mausoleum is a national key cultural relic protection unit. In November 20xx, the Western Qing mausoleum and the Eastern Qing mausoleum were listed as world cultural heritage by the 24th World Heritage Committee.There are a large-scale and complete system of ancient buildings in the West Mausoleum of Qing Dynasty, which is a scenic spot with elegant environment. In the mausoleum area with a radius of 200 Li and an area of 800 square kilometers, there is the largest artificial ancient pine forest in North China. Since the establishment of the mausoleum, the Qing Dynasty has planted tens of thousands of pine trees at the foot of Yongning mountain, on the Bank of Yishui River, inside and outside the mausoleum. Now there are 15000 ancient pines, more than 200000 young pines and cypresses. The mausoleum area is lush with pines and cypresses and beautiful mountains and waters. The 14 mausoleums are hidden in the pine forest, just like a gorgeous landscape painting.In the mausoleum area, there are more than 1000 palaces and more than 100 ancient buildings and sculptures. Each mausoleum strictly follows the imperial mausoleum building system of the Qing Dynasty. The mausoleum of the emperor, the mausoleum of the queen and the mausoleum of the prince are covered with yellow glazed tiles, while the mausoleum of the imperial concubine, the princess and the elder brother arecovered with green glazed tiles. These different architectural forms show different landscapes and styles.There are 14 Mausoleums in the west of Qing Dynasty, including 4 Imperial Mausoleums: tailing (Emperor Yongzheng), Changling (emperor Jiaqing), Muling (Emperor Daoguang), Chongling (Emperor Guangxu); 3 rear mausoleums: Taidong mausoleum, Changxi mausoleum, Mudong mausoleum; 3 Imperial Mausoleums and 4 other mausoleums (huaiwang mausoleum, Princess mausoleum, agoling, Wangye mausoleum, etc.). There were more than 70 people buried, including 4 emperors, 9 queens, 56 concubines, princesses and princesses. 清西陵英语导游词5Located at the foot of Yongning mountain, 15 kilometers west of Yi County, Hebei Province, and 120 kilometers southwest of Beijing, the Western Tomb of the Qing Dynasty is one of the mausoleums of the Qing Dynasty emperors. It is opposite to the eastern Mausoleum of Zunhua County, Hebei Province, and is called the Western mausoleum. There are 80 people buried here, including Yongzheng, Jiaqing, Daoguang and Guangxu emperors, and their empresses, princesses, princesses and elder brothers. There are 14 Mausoleums in total, as well as the auxiliary buildings of Xinggong and Yongfu temple. It is a typical ancient architectural complex of Qing Dynasty with beautiful scenery, elegant environment, large scale and complete system.There are a large-scale and complete system of ancient buildings in the West Mausoleum of Qing Dynasty, which is a scenic spot with elegant environment. In the mausoleum area with a radius of 200 Li and an area of 800 square kilometers, there is the largest artificial ancient pine forest in North China. Since the establishment of the mausoleum, the Qing Dynasty hasplanted tens of thousands of pine trees at the foot of Yongning mountain, on the Bank of Yishui River, inside and outside the mausoleum. Now there are 15000 ancient pines, more than 200000 young pines and cypresses. The mausoleum area is lush with pines and cypresses and beautiful mountains and waters. The 14 mausoleums are hidden in the pine forest, just like a gorgeous landscape painting.In the mausoleum area, there are more than 1000 palaces and more than 100 ancient buildings and sculptures. Each mausoleum strictly follows the imperial mausoleum building system of the Qing Dynasty. The mausoleum of the emperor, the mausoleum of the queen and the mausoleum of the prince are covered with yellow glazed tiles, while the mausoleum of the imperial concubine, the princess and the elder brother are covered with green glazed tiles. These different architectural forms show different landscapes and styles.。
十三陵英语导游词（3）
十三陵英语导游词(3)十三陵英文导游词篇3Ming TombsThe Ming Tombs are located in Changping District, about 50kilometers(31miles) to the northwest of Beijing. This imperial cemetery covers an area of 40square kilometers with 13 Ming emperors, 23 empresses, many imperial concubines, princes and princesses buried there. These tombs are the best preserved of all Chinese imperial tombs.The Ming Dynasty started from 1368 to 1644, lasting 276 years. Altogether 16 emperors ruled in the Ming Dynasty. But out of the 16 emperors, 13 emperors were buried in Beijing Ming Tombs area. The first Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang had his tomb built in Nanjing and he was buried in Xiaoling of Nanjing. Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, was born in 1328 and died in 1398. He buled China for 31 years. he came from a poor peasant familuy. In 1345 both his parens and his brother died of serious natural calamity within half a year when he was 17 years old. In order to make his livelihood, he went to a temple, there he took tonsure and became a Buddhist monk. He went out three years for begging alms in Henan, Anhui and south of the country. In 1348, he came back to the temple and was determined to study diligently. In 1351, the Red Turban Peasant Army appeared in China, later in 1352, he joined the Red Turban Peasant Army, fighting against the Yuan court. Finally he became the chief leader in the army. In 1368 Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty with its capital in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. In 1398, after his 31 years on the throne, Zhu Yuanzhang died at the age of 71 and was buried in his tomb Xiaoling, eastern suburbsof the capital Nanjing.According to the Chinese hereditary system, the eldest son should be the successor. But unfortunately, Zhu Yuanzhang’s eldest son Zhu Biao died in 1392, six years earlier than the emperor. So Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang chose his grandson Zhu Yunwen as the successor. In 1398, after Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang died, his 21-year-old grandson succeeded his throne and became the second emperor of the Ming Dynasty named Emperor Jian Wen. At that time Emperor Jian Wen was assisted by cout officials in governing the country. In order to centralize the power, he adopted the suggestion of his court officials to weaken the power of the regional garrison commanders who were actually his uncles, the sons of the first emperor. But these measures met with strong resistance from his uncle Zhu Di, the prince of Yan ,the fourth son of the first Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Di got so enraged when he heard the news that his power would be reduced. With an army of 100000stong, he was the most powerful garrison commander among all the princes, then under the excuse of wiping out the evils around the emperor, he launched punitive expedition to the capital in 1399 in the name of “wiping out evil for the country ”. the war lasted for three years, finally Zhu Di usurped the power from his nephew and became the 3rd emperor of the Ming Dynasty and adopted the reign title “yongle”. Emperor Jian Wen, the dethroned emperor disappeared with nowhere to be found. Some people said that he died in a big fire; another saying is that he had escaped to a temple and became a Buddhist monk. Anyway his whereabouts remained unknown till now in spite of Yongle’s search for him all over the country. So there is no tomb for the second emperor of the Ming Dynasty.The seventh emperor Jing Tai was buried at JinshangMountain in the western suburbs of Beijing. Jing Tai was the brother of Emperor Yingzong, the sixth Ming Emperor. In 1449, emperor Yingzong was captured by Mongol troops in a battle. However his brother Zhu Qiyu was put to the throne as the emperor and entitled Jing Tai. Next year when the sixth Ming Emperor Yingzong got free and came back, his brother had got on the throne already, and then he became a backstage ruler. Eight years later, in 1457 he staged a coup in the court and succeeded in making a restoration and overthrew his brother and also abrogated his brother. It is known in Chinese history as the “Coup of Seizing the Gate”. He reproclaimed hisself as the emperor and came to the throne again. Half a month later, Jing Tai died, Yingzong refused to honor his an imperial burial, so he was buried as a prince in JingshanMountain on the western outskirts of Beijing. That is why there are 13 tombs in this imperial burial ground, commonly known as the “Thirteen Ming Tombs ” in Chinese.Having been a frontier commander in Beijing for many years, Emperor Yongle realized that a peaceful northern frontier was very important to theMing Courtand Beijing commanded a very important strategic position to the whole country. In order to consolidate unity and strengthen his control over the whole country, the northern part in particular, he decided to move the capital from Nanjing to Beijing for the missed his former headquarters in Beijing as well. Construction of the imperial palace started in 1406. In 1407 Empress Xu died. In order to show his determination on moving the capital from Nanjing to Beijing, Emperor Zhu Di decided tobury her in Beijing instead of burying her in the former capital Nanjing where his father’s tomb was located. First he ordered a search made for an “auspicious burial site” amid beautiful scenery on the outskirts of Beijing. He sent a minister of rite together with a master geomancer to Beijing and ordered them to find a best spot for the imperial burial ground based on “Feng Shui ”. the practice of “Feng Shui” was similar to the western geomancy, which appeared very early in china. The geomancers developed a concept for an ideal residence for both the living and the dead. According to the practice of Feng Shui, the imperial burial ground should be closely related to the surrounding landscapes. Based on the geomancy, the present site of the Ming Tombs was chosen with greatest care. With geomancy taken into account, even the name of the valley, the name of the hill and the name of the nearby village all had to put into their considerations. It is said that Emperor Yongle was dissatisfied with the names of some places they had chosen for him. After serious consideration the present site was finally chosen. Rolling hills known as the Yellow Earth Hill formed a natural protection screen to the north; the Dragon Hill on the east and the Tiger Hill on the west, stood just like two generals guarding the gateway for the tomb area. Mountains to its east, west and north formed a semicircle with a flat basin inside. So this area was being screened by mountains on the three sides and with one side open to Beijing Plain in the south while WenyuRiver flowing by from northwest towards the Great Huabei Plain. The mountains to the far south are as a response to the mountains in the north. So the geomancers suggested that from geomantic point of view, such a place was considered as an “Auspicious Area” and really an ideal site and a best spit for theimperial burial ground. Emperor Zhu Di was greatly satisfied with this burial ground and ordered starting construction of his tomb. He changed the name of Yellow Earth Hill to Heavenly Longevity Hill. As the site was decided upon, in 1409 construction of his tomb Chang Ling was started. The Hall of Eminent Favor was completed in 1416 and the whole construction of Chang Ling was completed in 1427, the second year of Emperor Xuan De in March, but the underground tomb was completed in 1413. So Empress Xu was moved from Nangjing and buried here first. In 1424 Emperor Zhu Di died in the desert on his fifth expedition in person. After his all the emperors of the Ming Dynasty also had their tombs built in this area except Emperor Jing Tai, the seventh emperor who was buried in the western suburbs of Beijing, JinshanMountain. The thirteen tombs took more than 200years to complete, scattered over 40 square kilometers. The thirteen tombs are named as: Chang Ling, Xian Ling, Jing Ling, Yu Ling, Mao Ling, Tai Ling, Kang Ling, Yong Ling, Zhao Ling, Ding Ling, Qing Ling, De Ling and Si Ling.Sacred Way (shenlu 神路)A Sacred Wayis always found in an imperial cemetery. TheSacred Wayof the Ming Tombs is 7 kilometers long from the Memorial Stone Archway to the gate of Chang Ling. Along the sacred way are Marble Archway, Great Palace Gate, Tablet Tower, Stone Statues and Dragon and Phoenix Gate. TheScared Wayw as originally built for Chang Ling, Emperor Yong Le’s tomb, but since the other twelve tombs were also built in this area,either to the right or to the left of Chang Ling, theSacred Waybecame the main road for all of the thirteen tombs. Although they were form one group, each tomb is independent form the other . During the funeral ceremony, the deceased emperor was carried over the road. Apart from the Si Ling in the southwest, they are clustered in one area around the Chang Ling, all of the thirteen tombs lie at the foot of a hill, but the distance between two tombs ranges from 500 meters to 4 milometers. This layout perfectly embodies the tomb system in the Ming Dynasty.Marble Archway (shipaifang 石牌坊)This is a memorial stone archway made of white marble. It was built in 1540 during the reign of Emperor Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty for promoting the meritorious and virtuous deeds of the feudal rulers, but still in an excellent condition. As a starting point, Marble Archway is a symbol of the tomb area.It is 14 meters high and 29 meters wide and it has 5 arches supported by 6 marble pillars with beautiful relief carvings of dragons, lions and lotus flowers and clouds. It is the southernmost structure in the Ming Tombs and the earliest and best-preserved stone archway still existing in China. The Sacred Way used to pass beneath the Marble Archway.。
故宫英语导游词2篇
故宫英语导游词故宫英语导游词精选2篇（一）The Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum, is located in the heart of Beijing, China. It was the imperial palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and served as the political, ceremonial, and cultural center of the Chinese empire for over 500 years.Entering through the majestic Meridian Gate, you will step onto the central axis of the Forbidden City. Spread over 180 acres, the palace complex consists of 980 buildings with more than 8,700 rooms. The traditional Chinese architecture, with its red walls and yellow roofs, is a symbol of royalty and power.As we wander through the vast courtyards and ornate halls, you will discover the rich history and cultural significance of each area. The Hall of Supreme Harmony, the largest and most important building, was the throne room where the emperor held grand ceremonies and appeared before his subjects.Next, we will visit the Hall of Central Harmony and the Hall of Preserving Harmony, which served as the emperor's study and banquet hall respectively. These halls were also used for important state affairs and ceremonies.Moving on, we will enter the Inner Palace, where the living quarters of the emperor, empress, and concubines were located. Here, you can see the luxurious bedrooms, dining halls, and gardens that were once exclusive to the imperial family.One of the highlights of the Forbidden City is the Imperial Garden. This serene retreat was designed with traditional Chinese landscaping principles and features pavilions, rockeries, and beautiful plants.As you explore the Forbidden City, you will also have the opportunity to see various exhibitions featuring imperial treasures, artifacts, and artworks. These exhibits provide a deeper insight into the culture, art, and lifestyle of Chinese emperors.Finally, as we reach the northern end of the Forbidden City, we will visit the Palace of Heavenly Purity, where the emperors used to hold ceremonies and make important decisions. This building showcases exquisite imperial furniture and decorations.As we conclude our tour of the Forbidden City, I hope you have gained a better understanding of the grandeur and significance of this imperial palace. Remember to take some time to appreciate the intricate architecture, magnificent artifacts, and beautiful gardens that make the Forbidden City a UNESCO World Heritage site and a symbol of China's history and culture.故宫英语导游词精选2篇（二）Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the magnificent Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum. I will be your guide today as we explore this iconic landmark.The Forbidden City, located at the heart of Beijing, was the imperial palace of China for over 500 years. It was the residence of 24 emperors from the Ming and Qing dynasties, making it the largest and best-preserved ancient wooden structure in the world.As we enter through the Meridian Gate, the central axis of the Forbidden City unfolds before us. This axis is a major feature of traditional Chinese architecture, symbolizing the connection between the earthly realm and the celestial world.To our left and right are the Hall of Supreme Harmony and the Hall of Central Harmony, which were used for grand ceremonies and important meetings by the emperors. The exquisite woodcarvings, vibrant paintings, and elaborate decorations showcase the immense wealth and power of the imperial family.Moving further along the axis, we reach the Hall of Preserving Harmony. This hall served as a banquet venue for the emperors to entertain foreign dignitaries. The beautiful marble terrace and intricate dragon carvings on both sides of the staircase are symbols of imperial authority.As we proceed, we enter the Inner Court, where the emperors and empresses resided. Here, we find the Palace of Heavenly Purity, which served as the emperors' bedroom. The delicate furnishings and precious artifacts give us a glimpse into the luxurious lifestyle of the royal family.Another highlight of the Forbidden City is the Palace of Heavenly Purity, which was used for formal occasions such as weddings and enthronement ceremonies. The stunning gold and jade decorations are a testament to the opulence of the imperial court.Finally, we reach the Imperial Garden, a tranquil oasis within the palace complex. It was the emperors' private garden, designed with artificial hills, winding paths, anddelicate pavilions. The garden provides a delightful contrast to the grandeur of the palace buildings.I hope you have enjoyed this tour of the Forbidden City. It is truly a marvel of Chinese architecture and a testament to the rich cultural heritage of China. Thank you for visiting, and I hope you have a wonderful time exploring the wonders of the Palace Museum.。
秦始皇陵英文导游词TheMausolemofQinshihuang
秦始皇陵英文导游词TheMausolemofQinshihuangThe Mausolem of Qin shihuang:Ladies and gentlemen:I am very happy that I have the opportunity to tell you something about the mausolem of Qin shihuang. As a matter of fact, this is the very touri st destination that I like most. However, talking directly about the Mausol em would be a little bit hasty. So I would like to tell you something abo ut the emperor and the Qin Dynasty so that you can get a better under standing of what I will be telling in couple of minutes.In the history of China, a giant man stood out, and he is the first emp eror in the Dynasty. The emperor was a legendary man in the history of China. He came to the throne of the Qin State at the age of 13, seize d power of the State at 22, at the age of 39 he unified the whole natio n and established the first feudal dynasty People have different point of view on this man. Some hold the view that he was a cruel, man-eating predator,;some believe that he was a successful emperor. Well, facts sp eak louder than personal opinions. We must analyse a matter in a fair a nd factual sense and manner. The emperor was in deed cruel on the w ay to unify the whole nation, however his contributions far weigh out his mistakes. First of all, he ended the more than 250 years of wars amon g independent principalities, which to some extend stablized the society and improved peoples' well being. Secondly, he adopted the prefecture a nd county system centralized his power, created a new title and a syste m of ruling, which was followed by the sovereigns of the next 2200years. Thirdly, he unified and standardized the Chinese written language, at th e same time, he standardized the coinage,weights and measurements, t he legal codes and the axle of length of carts. Fourthly, he constructed t he first canal "lingqu" and widened and paved countless roads all over China, which was important for transportation and exchanges.Fifthly, he linked the Great Wall, one of the eight wonder of the world a nd a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Lastly, he buildt hundreds of imperia l palaces and developed many cities, and left many historic legacies, the Mausolem of Qin shihuang and Qin Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses ar e the typical reflection.As soon as emperor Qinshihuang seized power and acended the thro ne, he order a magnificent mausolem be built for him to ensure him a p eaceful and everlasting sleep in another world.In 221 BC, he ordered 70 0000 conscripts to work on the mausolem. And it took 37 years to finish the tremendous project. A good cnumber of people lost their lives on th e project.The Mausolem is located at the foot of Mount Lishan, 35kilometers ea st of Xi'an. It used to be surrounded by an inner wall and an outer one. It was originally 120m high, but because of over 2200 years of errosion by wind and rains as well as human destruction, it was reduced the pr esent height 46 metres. What was inside of the mausolem? No one really knows the fact. It is presumed that the inside is very magnificent with a large amount of valuables. In Records of the Historian, Sima Qian rec orded that the outer coffin was cast in molten copper, the burial chambe r was complete with palaces, halls and towers. Fine utensil and precious stones were everywhere. However, as to protect the valuables from rob bery, crossbows were found inside. it is presumed that inside the tomb, there were mercury lakes and waterways. They respectively represented the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. Meanwhile,it is presumed that the ceiling of the tomb was decorated by pearls and gems to symbolize the celestial bodies, including the Sun and the Moon. The entire undergr ound palace was presumably brightly lit by whale oil lamps for ever.The Mausolem of Qin shihuang is rich in cultural artifacts and provide s valuable data and information for the study of the history and cultures of the Qin Dynasty. By studying the Mausolem of Qin shihuang, we are able to know the culture and the history of the Qin Dynasty. However w hat remains underground remains unknown to us. With the development of High-tech and science, some day, we will be able to see what are re ally inside of the Mausolem.。
清东陵英语作文
清东陵英语作文{z}Title: Qing Dongling: A burial ground of EmperorsQing Dongling, located in Hebei Province, China, is a significant burial ground of the Qing Dynasty emperors.It is renowned for its exquisite architecture, rich history, and magnificent scenery.As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Qing Dongling stands as a testament to the cultural and historical significance of China"s past dynasties.The construction of Qing Dongling began in the early 17th century and spanned over two centuries.It served as the final resting place for five Qing emperors, including the founding emperor,努尔哈赤, and the last emperor,溥仪.The tomb complex covers an area of over 2,500 hectares and consists of numerous tombs, pavilions, altars, and other structures.One of the most remarkable aspects of Qing Dongling is its architectural grandeur.The design and layout of the tomb complex reflect the strict hierarchical system and religious beliefs of the Qing Dynasty.The central axis of the complex leads to the main tomb, where the emperors were buried.Surrounding the main tomb are smaller tombs for empresses, concubines, and other members of the imperial family.The tomb of努尔哈赤, the founding emperor, is particularly impressive.It is located at the highest point of the complex and is surrounded by a magnificent wall.The tomb is adorned with intricate carvings and stone statues, showcasing the exceptional craftsmanship ofthe time.In addition to its architectural beauty, Qing Dongling is also known for its natural landscape.The surrounding mountains and forests create a serene and picturesque environment, making the tomb complex an ideal place for the emperors to rest in peace.Today, Qing Dongling remains an important historical site and attracts numerous visitors each year.The tomb complex has been well-preserved and is open to the public for tours.It serves as a reminder of China"s rich history and the architectural achievements of the Qing Dynasty.In conclusion, Qing Dongling is a burial ground like no other.Its grand architecture, rich history, and stunning scenery make it a must-visit destination for those interested in China"s cultural heritage.The tomb complex stands as a testament to the power and prosperity of the Qing Dynasty and provides valuable insights into China"s past.。
黄帝陵的英文导游词
黄帝陵的英文导游词黄帝陵的英文导游词good morning,ladies and gentlemen.today we are going to visit the yellow emperor mausoleum,known as "the first chinese mausoleum".the tomb places at qiaoshan,huang ling,yan#39;an,china.the yellow emperor mausoleum area was archaeologically proved to be a primitive clan settlement,for unearthing pottery and stone tools with evident yangshao culture features.it is one of the key historical site under state protection of china.in order for everyone to have a profound understanding about the yellow emperor mausoleum,i will introduce huangdi first.huangdi is a legendary chinese sovereign and cultural hero who is considered in chinese mythology to be the ancestor of all han chinese,one of the legendary five emperors.according to ancient records,huangdi was the son of shao dian,the grandson of fu xi.his name was gongsun.because he resided in the xuanyuan hill,he was referred to as xuanyuan.for advocating agricultural production,he was also known as "huangdi".huangdi has been credited with the invention of the principles of traditional chinese medicine,the huangdi neijing (inner canon of huangdi).the legend of his victory in the war against emperor chi you at the battle of zhuolu is seen as the establishment of the han chinese nationality.(黄帝)we are now in the xuanyuan square.here is the starting point of worshiping the mausoleum.the xuanyuan square ground used natural pebbles from qinling range,a total of 5000 pieces which represents 5000 years long history of the chinese nation.in front of us was printing pool.legend has it that the pool washuangdi’s pen washing place.printing pool came from river zu which is regarded as the ancestor of the river.when night comes,there will be a beautiful landscape above the river.(印池) now,we are through the bridge xuanyuan.the bridge used granite stones,and it was known as the "the first modern chinese stone bridge".the path links xuanyuan bridge and temple courtyard has 95 steps,representin g huangdi’s lofty status.ascend the stairs,we can see a broad square.in recent years,rituals mostly are held here.now please look back at the xuanyuan square again,i believe you can feel the grand、solemn and primitive ambience.(轩辕桥)xuanyuan temple is located in the north of zu water.please follow me into the holy place.it is said that the ancient temple,which aimed to worship the yellow emperor ,was originally built at the west foot of bridege hill in the han dynasty.but in the song dynasty,it had been moved here .consisting of four yards,the temple has doors of hisarchitectural style of han dynasty,decorated with hip rooftops ,white walls and black glazed tiles.so it looks tall and terrifying,simple and splendid.and the three chinese characters of xuanyuanmiao was written by mr jiang dingwen.(轩辕庙) entering the gate of xuanyuan temple ,we can see a towering cypress is greeting us on our left hand.the old tree is about 4700 years old.legend has it that the cypress was personally planted by huangdi.in 1982,the british forestry experts,including peel came here after examining 27 countries of the world.they exclaimed that this cypress was the father of world cypresses.in 1998,the tree was identified as one of chinese one hundred fomous trees".(黄帝手植柏)this pavilion is called stone pavilion.there are four steles.thefirst stele on the right is a inscription written by sun yat-sen when he was the temporary president of r.o.c.the second one was wrntten by chiang kai-shek in 1942.on the left side,the first stele was written by chairman mao in 1937 when the kuomintang and the communist party worshiped huangdi together.the second stele on the left side was written by deng xiaoping.(碑亭) leaving the pavilion and continuing to walk in,we can see an engraved block on the left side.the stone engraved with a pair of huge huangdi footprints.it is said that there are three pairs of huangdi footprints.one pair is in henan,another is in shandong,and the last one is here.according to local people,if someone hits the big toe with a coin across the fence,he will be lucky.(青石块)there is a cypress in left front of xuanyuan.every year before the tomb-sweeping day,the tree hole will overflow juice like a teardrop.after the tomb-sweeping day,juice stops overflowing.because of this,the cypress is known as "the most unusual one among all cypresses".(古柏)now,the architecture in front of us is xuanyuan palace.the palace was built in ming dynasty.going into the hall,the demirelief huangdi statue came into our view.the icon of our nation’s ancestor is based on the picture of the east temple hanwu beam and was enlarged and sealed upon the approval of state administration of cultural heritage.the new ancestor worship hall was built in XX and lies in the north of xuan yuan temple.on the tomb-sweeping day of XX,for the first time the national etiquette ebo ceremony was held here.huangdi temple inherits han tang style,and it is a combination between ancient traditions and the new era.before the house of ancestors are granite pavement.the square covers an area of more than 10000square meters which makes it can accommodate 5000 festival activities.(轩辕殿)there is another monument before the burial,engraved with "qiaoshanlongyu" meaning that it is the place where huangdi go the the heaven.legend has it that huangdi lived more than 100 years old.the god was moved by his great achievements.he sent a dragon help with his ascension.huangdi was surround by people who did not want him to leave completely.the dragon leaped and carried huangdi to the heaven.people tore down huangdi#39;s skirt,boots and sword in chaos.people buried huangdi#39;s boots sword and clothes as a memorial.according to shih chi,all emperors worship huangdi here,so this place is undoubtablely recognized as huangdi’s mausoleum.before the stele"qiaoshanlongyu",there is another stele engraved with “huangdi temple" written by guo moruo in 1958.(黄帝陵)ok,everyone,so much for this today.we still have some free time.so next,you may look around and take some pictures.we’ll leave at 11o’clock,so please don’t be late.you know i will miss you.and i’ll stay here,if you have any question,please ask me.by the way,watch your step please! so next,it’s your turn.enjoy yourself and thank you for listening.。
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清东陵英文导游词【篇一：清东陵导游词中英文】裕陵裕陵是清入关后第四帝清高宗爱新觉罗？弘历即乾隆皇帝的陵寝，位于孝陵以西的胜水峪，始建于乾隆八年（1743），乾隆十七年告竣，耗银200多万两。
裕陵明堂开阔，建筑崇宏，工精料美，气势非凡，自南向北依次为圣德神功碑亭、五孔桥、石像生、牌楼门、一孔桥、下马牌、井亭、神厨库、东西朝房、三路三孔桥及东西平桥、东西班房、隆恩殿、三路一孔桥、琉璃花门、二柱门、祭台五供、方城、明楼、宝城、宝顶和地宫，其规制既承袭了前朝，又有展拓和创新。
一、石像生设置8对，比其祖父康熙帝的景陵多了麒麟、骆驼、狻猊各一对，虽数量少于孝陵，但种类却与孝陵一样。
二、裕陵大殿东暖阁辟为佛楼，供奉各式佛像及大量珍宝。
以后帝陵纷纷效仿，成为定制。
三、陵寝门前的玉带河上建有三座规制相同的一孔拱桥，龙凤柱头栏杆，桥两端以靠山龙戗住望柱。
这三座拱桥造刑优美，雕工精细，在清陵中仅此一例。
四、地宫内布满了精美的佛教题材的雕刻：三世佛、五方佛、八大菩萨、四大天王、二十四佛、五欲供、狮子、八宝、法器、佛花以及三万多字的藏文、梵文经咒，雕法娴熟精湛，线条流畅细腻，造型生动传神，布局严谨有序，堪称庄严肃穆的地下佛堂和石雕艺术宝库。
裕陵的这些特征既是乾隆皇帝好大喜功、笃信佛教个人意志的体现，也是处于鼎盛时期的清王朝综合国力的反映。
裕陵地宫内葬乾隆皇帝、孝贤、孝仪两位皇后，慧贤、哲悯、淑嘉三位皇贵妃，共计六人。
yuling: yuling fourth of emperor 高宗爱新觉罗 ? 弘历 afterqing emperor qianlong mausoleum, located west of thexiaoling wins shuiyu, was built in the qianlong years (1743), qianlong seventeenyears see completed, the consumption of more than 170 million ounces of silver.yuling mingtang open, the building chonghong, workers concentrate the united states, imposing extraordinary holiness magic beiting, five-hole bridge, stone figures, archway door order from south to north, a hole in the bridge, dismount brandjingting, kitchen god library, something toward the room, three three-hole bridge and things pingqiao things classrooms, en temple, three hole bridge, and glass flower door, the second wicket, the altar five for fangcheng, ming house, boseong , ding and the underground palace, the regulation only inherited the former, another exhibition billiton and innovation. stone figures set of eight pairs than its grandfather mausoleum of emperor 康熙 of the king, a pair of unicorn, camel, ni, although the number is less than xiaoling, but the species has xiaoling. yuling hall turned into east snappers buddha floor, dedicated to all kinds of statues and a large number of treasures. after the mausoleum to follow suit and become the custom. built mausoleum in front of yudai river the three regulation the same hole arch bridge, dragon and phoenix stigma railings, the bridge at both ends to the patron dragon berm live in hope pillar. this three-arch bridge in prison beautiful carving fine, only this one case in the qing mausoleum. , and intrauterine full of beautifully carved buddhist themes: buddhas of the five parties, the buddha, eight buddha, four kings, twenty-four buddhas, five desires for the lions, eight, instruments used, the buddha spent thirty thousand multi-word tibetan, sanskrit mantras, carved skillfully superb, delicate flowing lines, dynamic, vivid and expressive, disciplined layout, called the solemn underground temple and stone carving art treasure house. the yuling these characteristics both emperor qianlong grandiose manifestation of devout buddhist, the individual will, but also a reflection of the overall national strength in the heyday of the qing dynasty. the yuling intrauterine buried two queens of emperor qianlong, xiao xian, hsiao-yi, hui yin, philosophy of benjamin, shu jia three imperial concubine, a total of six people【篇二：清东陵导游词】清东陵各位朋友现在各位就随我已经进入了清东陵这块风水宝地，众所周知，清朝是中国最后一个封建王朝。
从入关到灭亡共统治中国268年，其间共经历了10位皇帝，除末代皇帝溥仪没有修建陵寝外，其余九位皇帝分别在河北遵化市和易县境内修建了规模宏大、体系完整的陵墓群——清东陵和清西陵。
此外，在辽宁新宾建有清代远祖的永陵，沈阳建有努尔哈赤的福陵，皇太极的昭陵，这五处陵寝都营建的各有特色，各具千秋，但其中规模最大，体系最完整的就属遵化清东陵了。
清东陵葬有皇帝、皇后、妃嫔、公主、阿哥共计161人，将清东陵称为一块风水宝地，它当之无愧。
清东陵北有昌瑞山作后靠，如锦屏翠帐，南有金星山作朝如持笏朝揖，中间有影壁山作书桌可凭可依，东有鹰飞倒仰山如青龙盘卧，西有黄花山似百虎雄踞，东西两条大河环绕夹流似两条玉带，群山环抱的格局辽阔坦荡，雍容不迫，真可谓地臻全景，景扬天成，当年顺治皇帝到这一带行围打猎，被这一片灵山秀水所震撼，当即传旨“此山王气葱郁，可为朕寿宫”。
从此，昌瑞山下便有了规模宏大，气势恢宏的清东陵。
整个清东陵占地2500平方公里，这里层峦叠翠，山秀石奇，气象万千，四周被群山环抱，恰似一支完美的金瓯，正可谓“自天地之生成，归造化之品汇”。
进入清东陵陵区，首先映入眼帘的就是清东陵的总门户——大红门。
现在我们眼前的这道自大红门起长达40华里的墙叫做风水墙，就是它将陵园内大小不等，形式各异的400多组建筑围拢起来，称为“前圈”，清东陵的陵寝多在风水墙内依山而建，唯独我们眼前的这座陵寝孤独的站立在风水墙外，这座规格独特，自成体系的陵墓就是孝庄文皇后的陵寝——昭西陵。
孝庄文皇后是一位来自科尔沁草原的蒙古公主，姓博尔济吉特氏，她十三岁入宫，嫁给清太宗皇太极，纵观孝庄文皇后的一生，她历尽清初三朝，正是处于由乱到治的时期，她呕心沥血，倾尽一生，以自己的聪明才智和特殊地位对协调满洲贵族内部矛盾和斗争、稳定清初的社会制度、促进国家的巩固和统一、开创后来的康乾盛世都做出了重要的贡献。
她作为皇太极之妃，福临之母，玄烨的祖母在整个清东陵中，她的辈分最高，陵寝的建筑规制在清代皇后中等级最高，可是昭西陵为什么要建在风水墙之外呢？三百年来，这个问题一直困扰着一批又一批的好事者，也由此生出许多离奇的传说，其中流传最广的则是太后下嫁说。
传闻中说太后下嫁给小叔子多尔衮，自决于前夫皇太极，虽已不能附葬昭陵而玷污先皇的“万年吉地”，更因后世子孙对其不守妇道之行深恶痛绝，就将其葬在风水墙外，罚其为后世子孙看守大门，然而上述说法对于孝庄文皇后来说则是莫须有的罪名。
用汉学儒臣的眼光来看，太后下嫁，坏的是君臣大礼，弟娶兄嫂乱的是人伦，其实这倒是有些误会了，因为自古以来，满族的婚丧嫁娶的习俗与汉人士达不相同的，游牧民族一直保留着父死，侧室可以子继，兄亡，弟当娶其嫂的规矩，往远点说，慨然出塞的王昭君，在大单于死后，就嫁给了继子；往近处说，努尔哈赤的五阿哥莽古尔泰死后，其妻妾就被分给了亲侄子豪格和岳托。
因此孝庄文皇后下嫁多尔衮，在满洲习俗上讲是无可厚非的。
那么，究竟什么才是昭西陵建在风水墙外的真正原因呢？小庄文皇后的遗嘱则可以回答这个问题。
孝庄文皇后病重时曾面谕康熙皇帝：“我身后之事特以嘱汝，太宗文皇帝梓宫安奉已久，卑不动尊，此时未便合葬，若另起茔域，未免劳民动众，究非合葬之义，我心恋汝父子，不忍远去，务必于遵化安厝，我心无憾已”。
因此，从上述解说中就可以得出这样的结论：昭西陵之所以建立在清东陵风水墙之外，一是遵照了孝庄文皇后的遗愿，不使其远离其子孙两代皇帝；二是表明了昭西陵距离沈阳皇太极的昭陵虽有千里之遥，但从其名字就可以得出两陵属于同一体系；三是因为在清东陵内孝庄文皇后的辈分最高，同任何一位皇帝、皇后、妃嫔葬在一处都是不妥的，因此将昭西陵建在风水墙之外，确是最为合理的了。