阅读理解--主旨大意,
阅读理解主旨大意题(讲解版)
阅读理解主旨大意题【命题分析】主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占1-2个。
◆主旨大意题的分类1.从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段。
②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。
主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
2.考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意；②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的；③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点：1.考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2.正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。
3.错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。
4.常以main idea,best idea,subject,mainly discuss等词提问。
◆常考问题：1.中心思想类The main point/idea of the passageis…The passageis mainly about…The passagemainly discusses…The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…？Which of the following statements best expressesthe main idea of the passage?2.标题类Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The best title for the passagewould be…3.目的类The author’ｓmain purpose in writing the passageis to…The passageis meant to…．In writing this passage,the author mainly intends to…【名师指导】文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：1.中心主题句出现在文首开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。
阅读理解技巧之主旨大意
阅读理解技巧之主旨大意阅读理解是指通过对文章内容的理解，把握文章的主旨大意。
掌握阅读理解技巧对于提高阅读理解能力至关重要。
本文将介绍几种常用的主旨大意把握技巧，帮助读者更好地理解和掌握文章的核心思想。
一、整体把握法整体把握法是指在阅读文章时，从整体上理解文章的主旨大意。
在这种方法中，读者需要在阅读之初对文章的主题有一个初步的了解，然后通过阅读全文来整体把握文章的主要内容和核心观点。
通过这种方法，读者可以较为准确地把握文章的主题和作者的写作意图。
二、段落关联法段落关联法是指根据段落之间的逻辑关系，把握文章的主旨大意。
在这种方法中，读者需要通过分析段落之间的衔接词、逻辑连接词等关键词语，来理解段落之间的转折、因果、并列等关系。
通过把握这些关系，读者可以将各个段落的细节信息整合起来，进而把握文章的主要观点。
三、关键词提取法关键词提取法是指根据文章中出现的关键词或关键短语，来抓住文章的主旨大意。
在阅读过程中，读者需要灵活运用技巧，留意文章中的关键词，尤其是出现频率较高的关键词，从而揭示出文章的核心思想。
通过提取关键词，读者可以更加准确地理解文章的主要观点。
四、上下文推断法上下文推断法是指通过上下文的语境信息，来推断文章的主旨大意。
在阅读过程中，读者需要充分利用上下文所提供的信息，包括前文和后文的内容，以及段落中的例子、解释等，从而推理出文章的主题和重点。
通过上下文推断法，读者可以更好地理解文章的内涵意义。
五、标题预测法标题预测法是指在阅读之前，根据文章的段落标题和文章开头的概括句，预测文章的主旨大意。
在这种方法中，读者需要通过概括句和段落标题，快速了解文章的主题和核心内容，然后在阅读文章时，不断核对和修正自己的预测，从而逐渐把握文章的主要思想。
综上所述，掌握阅读理解技巧对于准确把握文章的主旨大意非常重要。
通过整体把握法、段落关联法、关键词提取法、上下文推断法和标题预测法等技巧，读者可以更好地理解和把握文章的核心思想，提高阅读理解能力。
高考复习(英语)专项练习：(阅读理解)主旨大意题——文章大意类【含答案及解析】
考点分类练(七)主旨大意题——文章大意类A(2021·山东烟台一模)The paper, published in May by the Journal of Marketing Research, analysed purchases made from a single large European retailer and found that free shipping did encourage customers to buy more. But it also increased purchases of items that historically have higher return rates, such as clothing or products from lesser-known brands. Thus, returns also increased as a result of the promotions, to the point where profits were erased.In one part of the paper, during the typically four-week periods when free shipping was offered, online order volumes rose 11%. But when the cost of returns was compared with the sales proceeds(收入), the authors calculated that on balance the results for the promotion periods amounted to an average 0.7% loss.In one analysis that ran for two months, the researchers found that the return rate for customers who bought low-risk products—like office supplies, or products from well-known brands—averaged about 22%.In another analysis, the researchers attempted to better understand motivations of online shoppers by measuring their attitudes towards free shipping. They found two things were happening. First, consumers saw free shipping as compensation for taking a risk on a product. Second, feelings of gratitude for having shipping costs eliminated(消除) made them happy and thus more willing to make a risky purchase.Prof.Neslin advises companies to look at whether their own free-shipping promotions are profitable before they launch such campaigns. Also, he advises companies to identify which products get returned more often than others and try to provide customers with more information about those products, so they can make more informed choices.1.What erased the profits according to the first paragraph?A.The risky customers.B.The European retailer.C.The returned items.D.The lesser-known brands.2.What can we learn from the passage?A.Consumers risked purchasing a product when free shipping came along with it.B.Free shipping encouraged customers to buy products from well-known brands.C.Online order volumes rose only when free shipping was offered as compensation.D.Purchases of office supplies also increased during the typically four-week periods.3.What is the passage mainly about?A.Low-risk products.B.Return rates.C.Increased purchases.D.Free shipping.B(2021·湖北黄冈高三4月模拟)An advance in electronic publishing could make the e-book you are reading seem as dated as a silent film. Publishers hope to explore the growing success of e-books by releasing versions with added soundtracks(电影原声音乐) and musical accompaniments.The noise in the first multimedia books—released in Britain—include the rain hitting a window in a Sherlock Holmes tale. When the plot of a book reaches the most exciting part, background scores will create tension.Supporters argue that sound effects are the next logical development for e-books and will add excitement for younger readers. Critics, however, will argue that the noise will ruin the simple pleasure of having the imagination stimulated by reading.Caroline Michel, chief executive of the literary agency, said the new generation of computer-literate readers was used to multiple sensory input. She said,“Young people have split computer screens where they may be watching television and replying to an email at the same time. If that’s what the market wants then we should respond to the market.”Booktrack’s sound effects work by estimating the user’s reading speed. Each time you “turn” a page, the software reassesses where you have reached in the text and times the sounds to switch on accordingly. If the soundtrack becomes out of sync(同步), a click on any word will reset it.Some authors fear that a soundtrack could destroy the peace and quiet of libraries and ruin the pleasure of reading. David Nicholls, author of Our Day, the best-seller now released as a film, said, “This sounds like the opposite of reading. I have enough trouble reading an e-book because I’m constantly distracted by emails.”Stuart MacBride sells 18% of his books as electronic downloads. He said,“If I’m reading, I will do the noise in my head. I don’t need someone to tell me what teacups clinking sounds like. That would irritate me.”4.What do publishers expect an e-book soundtrack to do?A.Help to release an e-book as a film.B.Help readers improve reading speed.C.Add tension at a book’s exciting point.D.Get readers familiar with the background.5.Who is in favour of added soundtracks for e-books?A.Sherlock Holmes.B.Caroline Michel.C.David Nicholls.D.Stuart MacBride.6.What do we know about Stuart MacBride?A.He was a person who was easy to get angry.B.He knew a great deal of tea.C.Eighty-two percent of his books described crime.D.He imagined sounds related to the story when reading.7.What’s the main idea of the passage?A.Opinions about e-books with soundtracks.B.Response to the need of the book market.C.Reasons for traditional e-books becoming outdated.D.Suggestions on encouraging readers’ imagination.C(2021·湖南长郡十五校高三联考)For most people, graduation is an exciting day of the celebration of years of hard work. My graduation day was not.I remember that weekend two years ago. Family and friends had flown in from across the country to attend the celebration. But just like everyone else in my class, I had watched the economy turn from bad to worse. What I thought would take a week dragged into two, and then four, and 100 job applications later, I found myself in the exact same spot as I was before. And the due date to begin paying back my student loan was drawing closer.You know that feeling when you wake up in fear? That feeling became a constant in my life. Days felt like weeks, weeks like months. And the most frustrating part was no matter how much I tried, I just couldn’t seem to make any progress.So what did I do to maintain my sanity(理智)? I decided to write. Something about putting words on a page made everything seem a little clearer—a little brighter. Something about writing gave me hope. And if you want something badly enough, sometimes a little hope is all you need! So I put my thoughts into a children’s book. And then one day, without any sort of writing degree or contacts in the writing world—just a lot of hard work and perseverance—I was offered a publishing contract for my first book! After that, things slowly began to fall into place. I was offered a second book deal. Then, a few months later, I got an interview and was hired shortly.The moral of this story is... don’t give up. Even if things look bleak now, don’t give up. If you work hard, things will always get better. Oftentimes all we need is the courage to overcome difficulties.8.From paragraph 2, we can learn that the author probably .A.was having an exciting graduationB.was getting into financial difficultiesC.missed the life in the universityD.had just applied for the student loan9.How did the author change the frustrating situation?A.By sending applications.B.By offering contracts.C.By keeping writing.D.By publishing books.10.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “bleak” in the last paragraph?A.Unattractive.B.Hopeless.C.Thrilling.D.Promising.11.What is the passage mainly about?A.Success belongs to the persevering.B.A contented mind is a permanent feast.C.A smooth sea never makes a skillful mariner.D.Misfortunes tell us what fortune is.考点分类练(七)主旨大意题——文章大意类【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。
高中英语阅读理解题型之主旨大意题
高中英语阅读理解题型之主旨大意题阅读理解——主旨大意题的解题方法。
主旨大意题是阅读理解中要求较高，难度较大的题型之一，是很能体现试题区分度的题型。
主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的大意，标题或写作目的设题。
这类题目考查的范围是：基本论点，文章标题、主题或段落大意等。
它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题Ⅰ. 主旨大意题题型特点和命题形式设题类型：概括中心思想（main idea）型；确定文章标题或主题（topic / title/ headline）型；问文章的写作目的（purpose）.常见的设题方式：The main idea / The general idea / The main theme of this passage is ______.The passage chiefly deals with / focuses on _____.Which of the following best describes / expresses the main idea / point of the passage?What is mainly discussed in the passage /text?What is the topic of the passage?The best title / headline for the passage might be ______.The text /passage could be entitled______.Which / What could be the best title for the passage？The main purpose of the passage is probably to tell ______.The author is primarily concerned with _______.Ⅱ. 主旨大意题的解题技巧做主旨大意题常用略读法。
英语阅读理解中主旨大意题的答题技巧
英语阅读理解中主旨大意题的答题技巧一、考查方向这种综合概括类题目的一般范闱是：根本论点、文章标题、主题和段落大意，主要是测试考生阅读理解的根本能力，考查学生在语言水平上对文章的整体把握：能否分辨主题与细节：能否具有综合、概括、归纳和分析问题的能力。
这类题目一般有以下几种提问方式：这类题目一般有以下几种提问方式：(―)中心思想类1.The main idea / general idea of the passage is。
2.The text is mainly about。
3.This passage mainly tells us。
4.What is the topic of the text？5.What does the first / second / last paragraph discuss？6.The passage (The third paragraph) deals with。
7.Which of the following best summarizes the passage？(二)标题类1.The best title / headline for the passage would be。
2.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？3.What is the best title for the passage？(三)写作意图类1.What is the purpose of the passage？2.The passage is trying to。
3.The author writes this passage in order to。
4.Tlie purpose of the passage is to。
5.The passage is written for。
二、中心思想与标题之间的差异A title is an identifying name given to a book， film， play， composition or other work。
阅读理解中的主旨大意题解题思路
阅读理解中的主旨大意题解题思路阅读理解中的主旨大意题是考察考生对文章主题和中心思想的理解
能力。
解答此类题目，需要阅读者通过对文章的整体理解和细节把握，确定文章的中心思想或主题。
下面是解答主旨大意题的一般思路。
1. 全文理解法
全文理解法是最直接的方法，通过通读全文，了解文章内容的总体
概况和主要论点，可以帮助我们捕捉到文章的主要中心思想。
这种方
法适合对篇幅较短的文章进行解答。
2. 首尾呼应法
既然主旨大意是整篇文章的中心思想，那么通常会在文章的开头或
结尾部分进行暗示。
我们可以通过关注文章的开头和结尾，并注意其
中论点的呼应和延伸，来确定文章的主旨大意。
3. 重点把握法
在阅读文章过程中，关注作者的观点陈述和细节描述，以及出现的
关键词汇、论证思路等，这些都是找寻文章主旨大意的关键信息。
通
过抓住文章的重点内容，我们可以更加准确地把握文章的主题和中心
思想。
4. 段落主题法
文章通常会由多个段落组成，每个段落都有自己的主题。
通过分析
每个段落的主题，并把握段落之间的逻辑关系，可以从整体上把握文
章的中心思想。
5. 题干引导法
有时候，题干中会明确要求考生回答文章的主题或中心思想，我们
可以通过题目中给出的关键词来回溯文章，找到相关的信息，从而确
定文章的主旨大意。
总之，解答主旨大意题的关键在于对整篇文章进行全面理解和细致
分析。
考生需要通过充分掌握文章的结构、论点、观点和细节等要素，以及灵活运用各种解题思路，来准确把握文章的中心思想。
高考备考阅读理解专题-主旨大意
2013高考备考阅读理解专题---主旨大意正确理解一篇文章，关键是要抓住文章的主旨大意。
主旨大意题主要是考查考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题、标题或目的设题。
凡是问主题( subject)或文章大意(the main idea)或段落大意、标题(the best title)、写作意图(the purpose, the aim)的题目都属于此类。
常见的主旨大意设问形式有：一、主旨大意题常见设问方式1. 主题型题(1) The main idea of paragraph 1 is . (2) Paragraph 2 deals with .(3) Which of the following statements is best supported by the last paragraph?(1)What is the subject discussed in the text? (2)What’s the topic of the article?(3)What does the passage mainly talk about? (4) The passage mainly discusses _________.(5) Which of the following statements can best summarize the main idea of the passage?2. 标题型题(1)The best title/headline for this passage might be _____. (2)The text (passage) could be entitled _____.(3)Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage?3. 目的型题(1) The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is _______.(2)The passage is meant to _______. (3) The purpose of this article is _______.二、解题技巧I. 寻主题句，确定主旨大意对考查段落或文章主旨大意类的题型，可采用寻觅主题句的方式来解题。
阅读理解专项——主旨大意题课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
plastic products. 主题句 概括了本文的主要内容
故选D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures 海洋塑料转化为雕塑
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,”…
3. 段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式
(1) The main idea of the second paragraph probably is that . (2) What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with? (3) Which of the following can best summarize Paragraph one? (4) What’s the main idea discussed in the first paragraph?
可知，独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the
高考英语阅读理解-主旨大意题
高考阅读理解主旨大意题专项主旨大意题通常涉及概括中心大意、揭示主题、选择标题判断作者写作意图等形式。
1.The main idea of the passage is that __________.2.The passage is mainly about __________.3.The best title of the passage is __________.4.From the passage we can learn/ conclude that __________.5.The topic/ subject discussed in the passage is __________.6.Which is the best title of this passage?7.What’s the main idea of the passage?8.What’s the purpose of__________?实战演练A(全国I)Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly, flies like a fat chicken, eats green leaves, has the stomach of a cow and has claws (爪) on its wings when young. They build their homes about 4.6m above the river, an important feature (特征) for the safety of the young. It is called the hoatzin.In appearance, the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside. The head is small, with a large set of feathers on the top, bright red eyes, and blue skin. Its nearest relatives are the common birds, cuckoos. Its most striking feature, though, is only found in the young.Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip. Using these four claws, together with the beak (喙), they can climb about in the bushes, looking very much like primitive birds must have done. When the young hoatzins have learned to fly, they lose their claws.During the drier months between December and March hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30 birds, but in April, when the rainy season begins, they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes.1. What is the text mainly about?A. Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons.B. The relatives and enemies of hoatzins.C. Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon.D. The appearance and living habits of hoatzins.2. Young hoatzins are different from their parents in that_________ ．A. they look like young cuckoosB. they have claws on the wingsC. they eat a lot like a cowD. they live on river banks3. What can we infer about primitive birds from the text?A. They had claws to help them climb.B. They could fly long distances.C. They had four wings like hoatzins.D. They had a head with long feathers on the top.4. Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?A. To find more food.B. To protect themselves better.C. To keep themselves warm.D. To produce their young.B(全国卷I )Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure (血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.Any owner will tall you how much joy a pet brings. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress (紧张) levels and blood pressure in people - half of them pet owners –while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (算术) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it best .Those testedwith their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned. Most quickly to baseline heart rates .With pets in the room, people also made fewer math mistakes. Than when doing in front of other companions. It seems people feel more released (放松)around Pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets don’t judge.A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a Year studying 36 fat people and were put on a diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 fat people without pets were put on a diet program. On average，people lost about 11 pounds，Or 5% of their body weight .Their dogs did even better，losing an average of 12 pounds，more then 15%of their body weight .Dog owners didn’t lose any more weight than those without dogs but ,say Researchers，got more exercise overall –mostly with their dogs –and found it worth doing.1．What does the text mainly discuss?A. What pets bring to their ownersB. How pets help people calm downC. people’s opinions of keeping petsD. Pet’s value in medical research2．We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if____________A. he has a pet companionB. he has less stress of workC. he often dose mental arithmeticD. he is taken care of by his family3．According to Allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks?A. They have lower blood pressure.B. They become more patient.C. They are less nervous.D. They are in higher spirits.4．The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that __________.A. people with dogs did more exerciseB. dogs lost the same weight as people didC. dogs liked exercise much more than people didD. people without dogs found the program unhelpfulC(天津)To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.Common sense is not all that common.Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?These three popular misquotes(戏谑的引语)are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature .To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don’t want to accept the responsibili ty for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do .The original quote about human nature went like this:” To err is human, to forgive, divine(神圣的).”This saying mirrors an i deal people should be forgiving of others’ mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite –find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity.Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Commonsense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine．Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything. People say that in a large company,” the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.”And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people. Get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary(直接推论)to that: if good excuse is “good” even if it isn’t honest, then where is the place of the truth?1. According to the passage, which of following seems the most human?A. To search for truth．B. To achieve one’s idealC. To make fun of others’ mistakes．D. To criticize others for one’s own error. 2．According to the author, what is a sign of a man’s mat urity?A. Doing things his own way.B. Bearing responsibility for his mistakes.C. Making as few mistakes as possible．D. Thinking seriously about his wrongdoing.3．Which of the following is NOT based on common sense?A. A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.B. A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.C. A company’s next move follows a good plan．D. A lawyer acts on fine judgments．4. What is the author’s opinion about a good excuse?A. Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.B. Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.C. A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.D. Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.5. What would be the best title for his passage?A. A Mirror of Human NatureB. To Blame or to ForgiveC. A Mark of MaturityD. Truth or ExcuseD(重庆)Sitting on the peaceful coast of the Galapagos Islands. Ecuador , watching the sun move quietly into the sea, you shouldn’t forget the Charles Darwin (1809 – 1882) arrived here in 1835. He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. This finally inspired(启发) his famous work, On the Origin of Species. You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to theislands.The islands are certainly a paradise (天堂) for wildlife, as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control. Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin die hour 200 years ago ,each day is as impressive as it could be.The most well crown animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise ( 巨型陆龟),which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz, the second largest island in the archipelago(群岛). Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.Despite strict control over activities and timing, you stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures; diving with sea how that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch you feet as you swim and ,most magically , seeing a with and her baby surface with great breath of air.Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin, you will fell as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world .At night you will sleep on board the ship , leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands, which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.1. What do we know about Darwin’s visit to the islands?A. He studied different creatures on the islands.B. He completed his famous book on the islands.C. He was touched by the geography of the islands.D. He was attracted by well-known animals of the islands.2. Which of the following plays a role in making the islands “a paradise for wildlife”?A. Animals on the islands feed on grass.B. Local government forbids killing wildlife.C. People cannot visit the islands as they wish.D. Tourists are not allowed to torch the animals.3．Your stay on the islands will be most impressive mainly because of .A. the beautiful sea viewsB. Darwin’s inspiring tripC．a closer view of animals D. various daring activities4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. A Unique Attraction for Wildlife LoversB. Galapagos as a Paradise for AdventurersC. Charles Darwin as a Symbol of GalapagosD. A Successful Example of Wildlife ProtectionE(重庆)Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives.This sense of wonder is universal look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy(幻想) literature or movies like The lord of the Rings, This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. But have we gone to far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us?Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms, however, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters for television shows and video games than with common wildlife. Without modern technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction (交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends , we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad, But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet (出路) our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something, We are missing a connection with the living world. Otherwonderful wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own.1. The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves ___ .A. the close connection between man and the fantasy worldB. the wonderful achievements of fantasy literatureC. the fine taste of moviegoers around the worldD. the general existence of the sense of curiosity2. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?A. People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy.B. The world around us could serve as a sound of wonder.C. The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond.D. Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.3. If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make-believe. We will______.A. fail to appreciate the joy in our livesB. be confused by the world of make-believeC. miss the chance to recognize the fantasy worldD. be trapped by other worlds existing all around us4. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To show us the hidden beauty in our world.B. To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy wonderC. To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonderD. To discuss the influence of the world of make-believe。
初中英语阅读理解4大题型解题理解
初中英语阅读理解4大题型解题理解一、主旨大意题要求在理解全文的基础上对全文进行高度概括或总结。
题干：Main idea, topic, title, purpose, aim, means to解题思路：1、寻找主题句，从而抓住全段中心思想，常见位置是段首句或第二句，但也可能在段尾或段中。
2、概括全文，寻找文章中心思想。
各段落中心句的整理归纳便是文章的中心思想。
3、把握文章的体裁，分清文体，确定思维方向。
4、体会作者的写作意图和所要表达的思想感情，辨清褒贬态度。
干扰项：可能是文中某个具体事实或细节；可能是从文中某些(不完全的) 事实或细节片面推出的错误结论；可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
常见题型：1．主题型：What’s the main idea of this passage ? （这篇文章的主要思想是什么？）What does this passage mainly discuss? （这篇文章主要讨论了什么？）What’s the topic of this passage ? （这篇文章的主题是什么？）2．标题型：What’s the best title?（最佳的标题是什么？）The best title for this text is (to tell ) ______. （这段文字的最佳标题是_____)The main purpose of this text is ______.(这段文字的主要目的是？）3．目的型：The author’s purpose of writing this text is to______.（作者写这段文字的主要目的是？）What’s the main purpose of the passage?（这篇文章的主要目的是？）二、细节理解题做这种题目要注意注意提干中的标识语，带着问题有目的地寻找某一特定信息。
题干中的标识语就是寻找答案的"路标词"，如人物/时间/地点等。
阅读理解中主旨大意和文章结构的分析方法知识点总结
阅读理解中主旨大意和文章结构的分析方法知识点总结阅读理解是我们在学习和考试中经常会遇到的一种题型，其重要性不言而喻。
在解答阅读理解题时，我们需要准确理解文章的主旨大意，了解文章的结构，以便更好地回答问题。
本文将总结阅读理解中主旨大意和文章结构的分析方法知识点，以帮助读者更好地应对阅读理解题。
一、主旨大意的分析方法1. 理解文章题目：首先，我们需要准确理解文章题目，包括中心词和关键词。
中心词通常出现在文章的标题或首段，而关键词则是指导我们理解文章主旨的重要词汇。
2. 寻找主题句：主题句是文章中表达主旨大意的句子，通常出现在段落的开头或结尾。
我们可以通过寻找主题句来把握文章的核心思想。
3. 综合理解段落：在阅读每一段时，我们需要全面理解段落中的内容，并思考这些内容如何与文章的整体主旨相关联。
通过对每一段落的综合理解，我们可以准确把握文章的主旨大意。
4. 注意转折词：有时，文章会使用转折词来引出相反的观点或观点的变化。
我们需要特别注意这些转折词，以免误解文章的主旨大意。
二、文章结构的分析方法1. 分析文章段落之间的逻辑关系：阅读理解文章通常由多个段落组成，各段之间存在一定的逻辑关系。
我们可以通过分析段落之间的逻辑关系，如因果关系、递进关系、对比关系等，更好地理解文章的结构。
2. 寻找文章的总分结构：许多阅读理解文章都采用总分结构，即先总述一个观点或主题，然后再逐个展开分述。
我们可以通过寻找总分结构来快速把握文章的整体结构。
3. 注意文章的重点和补充信息：在文章中，有些观点或信息更为重要，而有些则属于补充信息。
我们需要学会区分文章中的重点和补充信息，以更好地理解文章的结构和主旨大意。
4. 注意作者观点和态度：在阅读理解文章中，作者的观点和态度对理解文章的结构和主旨大意有重要影响。
我们需要仔细观察和分析作者的观点和态度，以准确把握文章的整体结构。
三、总结在解答阅读理解题时，准确理解文章的主旨大意和结构至关重要。
初中语文教案阅读理解技巧主旨大意
初中语文教案阅读理解技巧主旨大意初中语文教案：阅读理解技巧之主旨大意一、教学目标：1. 理解什么是主旨大意。
2. 掌握主旨大意的判断方法与技巧。
3. 训练学生运用主旨大意技巧解决阅读理解问题。
二、教学准备：1. 教师：备课教案、教学PPT、相关阅读材料。
2. 学生：教材、笔记工具。
三、教学过程：1. 导入（5分钟）通过对学生的提问引入主旨大意的概念。
如：“你在看一篇文章或故事时，最关心的是什么？它在讲些什么？请具体简单描述一下。
”2. 概念解释（10分钟）通过PPT展示，引导学生理解“主旨大意”的概念。
如：“主旨大意就是一段文章或故事中表达的核心信息或主要观点。
它能够概括全文内容，是文章或故事的精髓。
”3. 判断方法与技巧（15分钟）- 阅读开头与结尾：通过读取开头和结尾段落，快速了解文章的主题和大意。
- 寻找关键词：寻找关键词或词组，能够帮助我们理解文章内容的关键点。
- 提取主题句：主题句通常位于段落开头或结尾，能够概括段落主题。
- 理解上下文：通过理解段落主题词与其相关信息的关系，推断出主旨大意。
4. 解题训练（20分钟）通过教师提供的阅读材料，让学生进行阅读，并根据文章内容回答相关问题。
教师可设计多种类型的问题，如主旨判断题、主旨概括题等。
学生完成后，教师可邀请学生展示答案，并逐步揭示正确答案，引导学生分析解题思路与方法。
5. 答疑与点拨（10分钟）针对学生解题过程中出现的问题，教师进行答疑与点拨，引导学生理解主旨大意的重要性，并帮助学生分析解题中可能出现的错误或困惑。
6. 拓展延伸（15分钟）提供更多的阅读材料给学生，让学生自主进行阅读并判断主旨大意。
教师可以设计一些开放性问题，激发学生的思考与创造能力。
四、教学总结：通过本节课的学习，学生应该对主旨大意有了初步的了解，并掌握了识别主旨大意的方法与技巧。
学生能够在阅读理解中更准确地判断文章的主题和核心观点，提高语文阅读理解的能力。
五、作业布置：请学生根据教师提供的阅读材料，整理出每篇文章的主旨大意，并写出简要概括。
阅读理解之“主旨大意”题解题指导
阅读理解之“主旨大意”题解题指导主旨大意题是中考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对段落大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
该题也是中考阅读中的重点和难点，这类题往往针对段落或短文的subject(主题)、main idea(中心思想)、title(题目)或purpose(目的)来命题。
因为词汇、句式、文化背景等原因，有相当一部分同学对文章的理解会出现一定偏差，从而不能很好地解答这类题目。
这类题的解题关键是采用快速阅读法浏览全文，寻找文章的关键词或中心句。
关键词即在文中频繁出现的词；中心句通常出现在文章的开头、结尾部分和各个段落的首尾。
因为考生需要读完全文才能把握文章主旨，解答此类题时，不妨把它作为最后一道来做。
主旨大意题常见的提问方式有下列几种：1. What’s the topic of the article2. What is the passage mainly about3. What’s the main idea of the passage4. What can we learn from the passage5. What is the best title/headline for this passage6. The writer’s purpose in writing this story is ______.7. In the passage the author wants to tell ______.那么如何解这类题呢下面，结合今年中考试题以及多年的教学经验，提供一些基本的方法来帮助大家。
一、设问方式有哪些大意类：1. What is the passage mainly about2. The main idea of the passage is _____.3. The first/second/last ... paragraph is mainly about _____.标题类：1. What is the best title for the passage2. The best title for this passage might be _____.3. The best headline for this passage could be _____.目的型：1. The author’s main purp ose is to _____.2. The passage is meant to _____.3. The purpose of this article is to _____.二、高分攻略看过来！每篇文章都有它的写作结构，如果我们能抓住文章的结构，找到文章的主题句，就能轻而易举地把握文章的中心大意，所以找准主题句，对于获取文章大意尤其重要。
专题1 阅读理解：主旨大意题-高考英语二轮复习
• (1)掌握部分的俚语习语有助于正确选择标题。
• (2)以偏概全、大而化之、张冠李戴不可有。
1. 标题提炼题——寻根溯源 画龙点睛
2020年全国Ⅱ卷·35
I have a special place in my heart for libraries… while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further— changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions…
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Can we grow more glowing plants? B. How do we live with glowing plants? C. Could glowing plants replace lamps? D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
阅读理解--主旨大意
阅读理解精读与泛读一题型分类阅读理解的题型千变万化；但同样也源于最初——即文章本身。
所以在这里可以负责任的说，所有题目的答案全部来自于这约350字的文章中。
不论这篇文章关于什么领域，不需要你有任何的背景知识，就能答对（事实上，很多时候背景知识反而成为你的作祟鬼）。
就像游戏“找你妹”一样，目标明明就在那里，睁开你的钛合金狗眼锁定目标——选中，过关！把浩瀚的英语知识海洋比作无极，把高考英语比作太极，那么我们就可以把阅读理解的题型分出两仪——主旨题与细节题。
而这两仪又可分四象——大主旨题、小主旨题、文章细节题、词汇细节题。
对于这千万种的题型，本文选择从四象开始讲。
◆大主旨题◆小主旨题◆文章细节题◆词汇细节题常见的提问方式主旨大意类命题趋势主旨题只要是考察学生对文章中心思想、文章要点的归纳与概括能力。
要求学生分析文章篇章结构，抓住文章开头或者结尾的主题句、结论句。
从近几年高考来看，主旨题的考察比较稳定，全国各地高考卷，每年平均有2道主旨题的考察。
常见的提问方式1) ( ) .文章的大概意思是什么2) .我们能从本故事得到的结论是什么3) .本故事的主要目的是为了告诉我们什么4) .文章主要是关心什么5) ?文章的主要观点是什么6) ?下面哪一个最好的陈述了文章的主题7) .文章表明了什么8) .作者在文中主要讨论什么9) ?以下哪一个是最好的标题10) .文章的标题最像是哪个11) .文章可被命名为什么12) .本文着重讲什么13) .作者想告诉我们什么解题思路解主旨题关键之处当然在于找到文章的主旨，而高考文章的一大特点就是，在所节选的文段里，通常有一个主旨句能概括全文的中心思想（注：这些文章不是由出题人写的，而是在某些报刊读物上节选的）。
，那么找到这个主旨句便是至关重要的大事。
解题时，必须先做两个准备步骤方可做题：第一步是粗读文章明大意；第二步是找主旨。
在这里为了讲解方便，先讲找主旨再讲粗读文章明大意。
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主旨大意题的阅读理解题
主旨大意是全文或相关段落的概括和总结，主要考查学生在理解文章的基础上对全文的高度概括。
（1）Stepping into a pool of water is common enough, but who could ever imagine stepping into a pool of fish? In February of 1974, Bill Tapp, an Australian farmer, saw a rain of fish that covered his farm. How surprised he must have been when he heard many fish hitting against his roof!
What caused this strange occurrence? This is a question that had long puzzled people who study fish. The answer turned out to be a combination of wind and storm.
When it is spring in the northern part of the world . it is fall in Australia .Throughout the autumn season, terrible storms arise and huge vacuum cleaners , collecting seaweed, pieces of wood, and even schools of fish . Strong winds may carry these bits nature for many miles before vacuum dropping them on fields , houses, and astonished people.
What is this passage about?
A、A sad story
B、A rain of fish
C、Australian’s northern part
D、The damage done by floods
(2) Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining or increasing motivation. Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout , but we soon found that both the students and the teachers
lost interest by about halfway through the ten weeks. This led us to a major rethink, so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students.
What is the text mainly about?
A、Foreign students have more problems
B、There are many ways to improve English
C、Teaching should meet students’ needs
D、English learning problems should be studied again
(3) ….The good news is that most troubled friendships can be mended. First, don’t let your pride get in your way. Most of us can forgive each other when differences are brought out in the open. Second, apologize when you’re wrong-even if you’ve been wronged. Over the course of a friendship, even the best people make mistakes. Sometimes, it may be best if the wronged person takes the lead and apologizes. When you apologize, give your friend a chance to admit that he has been wrong. Third, see things from your friend’s point of view. And finally……
What would be the best title for the text?
A、Easy Ways to Make Friends
B、Ups and Downs in Friendship
C、How to Mend a Trouble Friendship
D、How to Take the Lead in Making Friends。