英语单词各种变化
英语单词变形的总结归纳
英语单词变形的总结归纳英语单词变形是学习英语过程中的重要部分,它包括词形的变化、时态的变化以及语法形式的变化等。
在使用英语进行交流和写作时,正确地运用单词的各种变形形式,能够丰富表达,提升语言水平。
本文将对英语单词变形进行总结归纳,帮助读者更好地掌握这一知识点。
一、名词的变形1. 单数变复数:通常在名词末尾加-s或-es,有一些特殊的变化规则,如以y结尾的名词变复数时,将y变为i后再加-es,以-f或-fe结尾的名词将f或fe变为v后加-es。
2. 复数变单数:使用the + 单数形式表示复数,或者根据上下文进行判断和确定。
3. 可数名词与不可数名词:根据名词的特性来确定其可数性,可数名词有单数和复数的区别;而不可数名词则没有复数形式。
二、动词的变形1. 时态的变化:包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时等。
时态的变化与动词的原形、过去式以及过去分词形式有关。
2. 语态的变化:包括主动语态和被动语态的转换。
被动语态的构成是由be动词的各种时态形式与动词的过去分词形式构成。
3. 情态动词的变化:情态动词包括can、could、may、might、shall、should、will、would、must等。
它们可以表示能力、可能性、命令、推测、义务等不同的语气,在时态和语态上有一定的变化规律。
三、形容词和副词的变形1. 形容词的比较级与最高级:形容词的比较级和最高级是表达程度和顺序的重要方式。
规则的变形形式通常在形容词后加-er和-est,而不规则的变形形式则需要记忆。
2. 副词的比较级与最高级:副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律与形容词类似,但在一些副词中需要在前面加上more或most来表示比较级和最高级。
四、其他词类的变形1. 代词的变形:代词包括人称代词、指示代词、相对代词、疑问代词、不定代词等。
在不同的语境中,代词有着不同的变形形式,如格变化、数的变化、性别的变化等。
英语单词变化规则大汇总
英语单词变化规则大汇总一、名词复数变化规则1. 一般情况下,直接在名词词尾加 -s ,读音:清辅音后读 /s/ ,浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ 。
- book - books [bʊks] (n. 书)- bag - bags [bæɡz] (n. 包)2. 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词,在词尾加 -es ,读音:读 /iz/ 。
- bus - buses [ˈbʌsɪz] (n. 公共汽车)- box - boxes [ˈbɒksɪz] (n. 盒子)- watch - watches [ˈwɒtʃɪz] (n. 手表)- dish - dishes [ˈdɪʃɪz] (n. 盘子)3. 以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的名词,变 y 为 i ,再加 -es ,读音:读 /iz/ 。
- baby - babies [ˈbeɪbiz] (n. 婴儿)- city - cities [ˈsɪtiz] (n. 城市)4. 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词,变 f 或 fe 为 v ,再加 -es ,读音:读 /vz/ 。
- knife - knives [naɪvz] (n. 刀)- leaf - leaves [liːvz] (n. 树叶)5. 不规则变化- man - men [men] (n. 男人)- woman - women [ˈwɪmɪn] (n. 女人)- child - children [ˈtʃɪldrən] (n. 孩子)- foot - feet [fiːt] (n. 脚)- tooth - teeth [tiːθ] (n. 牙齿)- mouse - mice [maɪs] (n. 老鼠)二、动词第三人称单数变化规则1. 一般情况下,直接在动词词尾加 -s ,读音:清辅音后读 /s/ ,浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ 。
- work - works [wɜːks] (v. 工作)- play - plays [pleɪz] (v. 玩)2. 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的动词,在词尾加 -es ,读音:读 /iz/ 。
英语单词变形规则大全
英语单词变形规则大全一、名词复数变形规则。
1. 一般情况。
- 规则:在名词后加 -s。
- 例词:book[bʊk] - books[bʊks];pen[pen] - pens[pens]。
- 词性:名词(n.)2. 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词。
- 规则:加 -es。
- 例词:bus[bʌs] - buses[ˈbʌsɪz];box[bɒks] - boxes[ˈbɒksɪz];watch[wɒtʃ] - watches[ˈwɒtʃɪz];dish[dɪʃ] - dishes[ˈdɪʃɪz]。
- 词性:名词(n.)3. 以辅音字母 + y结尾的名词。
- 规则:把y变为i,再加 -es。
- 例词:city[ˈsɪti] - cities[ˈsɪtiz];baby[ˈbeɪbi] - babies[ˈbe ɪbɪz]。
- 词性:名词(n.)4. 以f或fe结尾的名词。
- 规则:把f或fe变为v,再加 -es。
- 例词:knife[naɪf] - knives[naɪvz];leaf[li:f] - leaves[li:vz]。
- 部分特例:roof[ru:f] - roofs[ru:fs](直接加 -s)。
5. 以o结尾的名词。
- 规则:- 有生命的加 -es,如:potato[pəˈteɪtəʊ] - potatoes[pəˈteɪtəʊz];tomato[təˈmɑ:təʊ] - tomatoes[təˈmɑ:təʊz]。
- 无生命的加 -s,如:photo[ˈfəʊtəʊ] - photos[ˈfəʊtəʊz];piano[piˈænəʊ] - pianos[piˈænəʊz]。
- 词性:名词(n.)二、动词第三人称单数变形规则(与名词复数变形规则有相似之处)1. 一般情况。
- 规则:在动词后加 -s。
- 例词:like[laɪk] - likes[laɪks];play[pleɪ] - plays[pleɪz]。
易错英语单词变形
易错英语单词变形一、动词原形 - 过去式 - 过去分词(不规则变化)1. be.- 原形:be [biː],v.(动词)- 过去式:was [wɒz](第一、三人称单数),were [wɜː(r)](第二人称单数和复数等)- 过去分词:been [biːn]2. begin.- 原形:begin [bɪˈɡɪn],v.- 过去式:began [bɪˈɡæn]- 过去分词:begun [bɪˈɡʌn]3. drink.- 原形:drink [drɪŋk],v.- 过去式:drank [dræŋk]- 过去分词:drunk [drʌŋk]4. ring.- 原形:ring [rɪŋ],v.- 过去式:rang [ræŋ]- 过去分词:rung [rʌŋ]5. swim.- 原形:swim [swɪm],v.- 过去式:swam [swæm]- 过去分词:swum [swʌm]二、名词复数变形(特殊情况)1. child.- 原形:child [tʃaɪld],n.(名词)- 复数:children [ˈtʃɪldrən]2. foot.- 原形:foot [fʊt],n.- 复数:feet [fiːt]3. tooth.- 原形:tooth [tuːθ],n.- 复数:teeth [tiːθ]4. mouse.- 原形:mouse [maʊs],n.- 复数:mice [maɪs]三、形容词 - 副词(词尾变化)1. happy.- 原形:happy [ˈhæpi],adj.(形容词)- 副词:happily [ˈhæpɪli] 2. easy.- 原形:easy [ˈiːzi],adj. - 副词:easily [ˈiːzəli] 3. true.- 原形:true [truː],adj. - 副词:truly [ˈtruːli]。
英语单词变化规则大汇总
英语单词的各种变化规则一、名词复数变化:(二)名词复数的不规则变化:1.child→children(儿童)man→men(男人)woman→women (女人)an Englishman→two Englishmen(英国人)foot→feet(脚)tooth→teeth(牙)mouse→mice(老鼠)ox →oxen(公牛)goose→geese(鹅)2.单复同形deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss, species,means除人民币,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。
如:a dollar,two dollars; a meter,two meters3.集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。
people police cattle是复数(Correctness:a person,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss )(Error:a people,a police,a cattle )表示国民总称时,作复数用。
(The Chinese are industrious and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
)4.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词1)maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。
2)news是不可数名词。
5. 表示由两部分构成的东西,glasses(眼镜) trousers (长裤) clothes(衣服)若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双)a pair of glasses ,two pairs of trousers\suit(套)6.另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思goods (货物) waters (水域) fishes (各种鱼)练习:写出下列各词的复数I _________ him _________ this ___________ her ______watch _______ child _______ photo ________ diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______ box________ strawberry _____ thief _______ fish______ peach______ sandwich ______man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________二、序数词变化规则(一)一般化规则:基数词+th→序数词(规则变化)four(四)→fourth(第四)six(六)→sixth(第六)seven(七)→seventh(第七)ten(十)→tenth(第十)eleven(十一)eleventh→(第十一)(二)**不规则变化的one(一)→first(第一)twenty-one →twenty-firsttwo(二)→second(第二)three(三)→third(第三)five(五)→fifth(第五)eight(八)→eighth(第八)fifty-eight →fifty-eighthnine(九)→ninth(第九)twelve(十二)→twelfth(第十二)(三)从13—19的基数词,都在个位数后加teen构成14→fourteen15→fifteen16→sixteen17→seventeen18→eighteen19→nineteen(四)整十的序数词,变y为ie再加th20 twenty→twentieth第二十30 thirty→thirtieth第三十40 forty→fortieth第十四50 fifty→fiftieth第五十60 sixty→sixtieth第六十70 seventy→seventieth第七十80 eight→eightieth第八十90 ninety→ninetieth第九十(五)分数的表达:分子用:基数词分母用:序数词特别要注意:当分子大于1时,分母要用:复数1/2 one second ; a half ; 1/4 a quarter ;3/4 three quarters 7/8 seven eighths3/5 three fifths(六)加减乘除表达a decimal number 小数a fraction 分数a percentage 百分数a odd number奇数an even number 偶数degrees 度数1) 加:and; plus; add to2+4=6Two and four is/equals six.或Two plus four is/equals six.或Two added to four equals six.2)减:minus ; subtract from 8-3=5Eight minus three is/equals five.或Three subtracted from eight is five.3)乘:multiply...by;multiplied by /times 3×5=15Multiply three by five is/equals fifteen.或Three multiplied by five is/equals fifteen.4)除:divide by.../divide ...by... 24÷8=3Twenty-four divided by eight is/equals three.或Divide 24 by 8 is /equals three.三.形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则:1.一般在词尾加er/est;2.以字母e 结尾,加r/st ;3.以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er/st ;原级比较级最高级slim slimmer slimmestbig bigger biggesthot hotter hottestfat fatter fattestthin thinner thinnestwet wetter wettestred redder reddestsad sadder saddest4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er/st5.多音节词.和部分双音节词,在单词前面加more或mostimportant more important most importantdifficult more difficult most difficultinteresting more interesting most interestinguseful more useful most usefulbeautiful more beautiful most beautiful6.不规则形容词比较级:原级比较级最高级good/well better bestbad/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastold older/elder oldest/eldestred redder reddestfar further/farther furthest /farthest写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级old__________ young________ tall_______ long________ short________ strong________ big________ small_______ fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________ nice________ good_________ beautiful____________________ high_________ slow_______ fast________ low______ late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______ 四.动词第三人称单数变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink ________ go _________ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ________ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly __________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach________ 五.动词现在分词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting3. 以ie结尾的动词,把ie变为y再加ing。
英语单词变化规则大汇总
英语单词变化规则大汇总英语单词的各种变化规则一、名词复数变化:(一)规则变化情况构成方法例词读音一般情况在词尾加-sdesk→desksmap→maps-s 在清辅音后发/s/day→daysgirl→girls-s 在元音和浊辅音后发 /z/以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词在词尾加-esbus→busesbox→boxeswatch→watchesfish→fishes-es 发 /iz/ 音以辅音字母加 -y结尾的词变y为i再加 -esfamily→familiesfactory→-ies 发/iz/ 音factories party→pa tries以元音字母加 -y结尾的词在词尾加-sday→daysboy→boyskey→keys-s 发 /z/ 音以f或fe结尾的词变f或fe为v再加-esknife→kniveslife→liveswife→wiveshalf→halves-ves发/vz/音以辅音字母加 -o 结尾的词在词尾加-espotato→potatoestomato→tomatoeshero→heroes-es 发 /z/ 音以元音字母加 -o 结尾在词尾加-sradio→radios-s 发 /z/音的词zoo→zoos注:以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加–s 读 /iz/license-licenses巧记以f\fe结尾的可数名词复数1)妻子骑牛拿起刀,wife,calf,knife ↑2)追得贼狼满街跑,thief,wolf →→→变f或fe为v,再加es3)碰倒架子丧己命,shelf,self,lif e ↓4)手帕树叶半空飘。
handkerchief,leaf,half ↓(二)名词复数的不规则变化:1.child→children(儿童)man→men(男人)woman→women (女人)an Englishman→two Englishmen(英国人)foot→feet(脚)tooth→teeth(牙)mouse→mice(老鼠)ox →oxen(公牛)goose→geese(鹅)2.单复同形deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss, species,means除人民币,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。
初中英语单词变化大全
1. 名词的变化- 单数与复数- 一般形式:book - books- 以 -s 结尾的名词:bus - buses- 以 -y 结尾的名词(前面是辅音):city - cities- 以 -f 或 -fe 结尾的名词:leaf - leaves- 不规则变化:child - children, man - men, woman - women - 名词的所有格- 单数名词:Tom's book- 复数名词(以 -s 结尾):dogs' toys- 复数名词(不以 -s 结尾):children's toys2. 动词的变化- 时态变化- 一般现在时:play, eat- 一般过去时:played, ate- 过去分词:played, eaten- 现在分词:playing, eating- 未来时:will play, will eat- 不规则动词- go - went - gone- do - did - done- have - had - had- see - saw - seen3. 形容词的变化- 比较级和最高级- 一般规则:big - bigger - biggest- 以 -y 结尾的形容词:happy - happier - happiest- 不规则变化:good - better - best, bad - worse - worst - 形容词的副词变化- 常见规则:quick - quickly, easy - easily- 不规则:good - well, fast - fast4. 副词的变化- 比较级和最高级- 一般规则:quickly - more quickly - most quickly- 不规则变化:well - better - best, badly - worse - worst5. 其他常见词汇的变化- 代词的变化- 主格与宾格:I - me, he - him, she - her- 物主代词:my - mine, his - his, her - hers- 冠词的变化- 不定冠词:a (用于以辅音音素开头的单词),an (用于以元音音素开头的单词)- 定冠词:the (用于特指)6. 动词的词组和短语- 常见动词词组- make up (编造)- give up (放弃)- put on (穿上)- look after (照顾)。
英语单词不规则变化大全
英语单词不规则变化大全
英语单词不规则变化指的是在变化时不按照正常的规则进行变化
的词汇。
这些单词可能在第二或第三人称单数形式中缺少“-s”后缀,或者在造成过去分词形式时使用不规则形式。
以下是英语不规则动词
变化的一些例子:
1. be (am, is, are)
过去式和过去分词:was, were
2. go
过去式和过去分词:went
3. have
第三人称单数形式:has
过去式和过去分词:had
4. do
第三人称单数形式:does
过去式和过去分词:did
5. see
第三人称单数形式:sees
过去式:saw
过去分词:seen
6. become
第三人称单数形式:becomes
过去式:became
过去分词:become
7. run
第三人称单数形式:runs
过去式:ran
过去分词:run
8. eat
第三人称单数形式:eats
过去式:ate
过去分词:eaten
这些不规则变化的单词必须被记忆和掌握,因为它们在日常生活
和书面表达中非常常见。
学习这些单词的最好方法是大量阅读和写作,以便在尝试使用这些单词时更容易记住它们的正确形式。
英语单词不规则变化大全
英语单词不规则变化大全以下是一些常见的英语单词不规则变化的完整列表:be – was/were – beenbear – bore – borne/bornbegin – began – begunblow – blew – blownbreak – broke – brokenbring – brought – broughtbuild – built – builtbuy – bought – boughtcatch – caught – caughtchoose – chose – chosencost – cost – costdo – did – donedraw – drew – drawndrink – drank – drunkdrive – drove – driveneat – ate – eatenfall – fell – fallenfind – found – foundfly – flew – flownforget – forgot – forgotten get – got – got/gottengive – gave – givengo – went – gonegrow – grew – grownhave – had – hadhear – heard – heardhold – held – heldkeep – kept – keptknow – knew – knownlay – laid – laidlead – led – ledleave – left – leftlet – let – letlie – lay – lainlose – lost – lostmean – meant – meant meet – met – metpay – paid – paidput – put – putread – read – readride – rode – ridden ring – rang – rungrun – ran – runsay – said – saidsee – saw – seensell – sold – sold send – sent – sentset – set – setshake – shook – shaken show – showed – shown sing – sang – sungsit – sat – satsleep – slept – sleptspeak – spoke – spokenspend – spent – spentstand – stood – stoodswim – swam – swumtake – took – takenteach – taught – taughttell – told – toldthink – thought – thoughtthrow – threw – thrownunderstand – understood – understoodwake – woke – wokenwear – wore – wornwin – won – wonwrite – wrote – written这些是一些常见的不规则动词变化,但并不是所有的不规则动词都包含在其中。
英语单词各种变化规则
英语单词各种变化规则英语单词的变化规则主要包括名词的单复数、动词的时态变化和形容词的比较级和最高级变化。
以下是常见的变化规则:1.名词的单复数变化规则:- 一般情况下,名词变复数在词尾加-s:book(单数)-books(复数)- 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es:box(单数)-boxes (复数)- 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变y为i,然后加-es:baby(单数)-babies(复数)- 以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,然后加-es:knife(单数)-knives(复数)2.动词的时态变化规则:- 一般情况下,动词的现在分词和过去分词在词尾加-ing和-ed:work(现在时)-working(现在分词)-worked(过去分词)- 以不发音的-e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ing和-ed:dance-dancing-danced- 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,最后一个字母双写,再加-ing和-ed:stop-stopping-stopped- 以一个辅音字母加一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写结尾辅音字母,再加-ing和-ed:admit-admitting-admitted3.形容词的比较级和最高级变化规则:- 一般情况下,形容词的比较级在词尾加-er,最高级在词尾加-est:fast(原级)-faster(比较级)-fastest(最高级)-以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词,变y为i- 以重读闭音节结尾的形容词,最后一个字母双写,再加-er和-est:big(原级)-bigger(比较级)-biggest(最高级)- 以一个辅音字母加一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节形容词,双写结尾辅音字母,再加-er和-est:fat(原级)-fatter(比较级)-fattest (最高级)以上是常见的英语单词各种变化规则,但也有一些特殊情况需要具体记忆,如不规则动词的变化、形容词的特殊变化等。
英语单词变化规则大汇总情况
英语单词的各种变化规则一、名词复数变化:(一)规则变化情况构成方法例词读音一般情况在词尾加 -s desk→desksmap→maps-s 在清辅音后发/s/day→daysgirl→girls-s 在元音和浊辅音后发 /z/以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词在词尾加 -esbus→busesbox→boxeswatch→watchesfish→fishes-es 发 /iz/ 音以辅音字母加 -y结尾的词变y为i再加 -esfamily→famili esfactory→factoriesparty→patries-ies 发 /iz/ 音以元音字母加 -y结尾的词在词尾加 -sday→daysboy→boyskey→keys-s 发 /z/ 音以f或fe结尾的词变f或fe为v再加-esknife→kniveslife→liveswife→wiveshalf→halves-ves发 /vz/音以辅音字母加 -o 结尾的词在词尾加 -espotato→potatoestomato→tomatoeshero→heroes-es 发 /z/ 音以元音字母加 -o 结尾的词在词尾加 -sradio→radioszoo→zoos-s 发 /z/音注:以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加–s 读 /iz/license-licenses巧记以f\fe结尾的可数名词复数1)妻子骑牛拿起刀,wife,calf,knife ↑2)追得贼狼满街跑,thief,wolf →→→变f或fe为v,再加es3)碰倒架子丧己命,shelf,self,life ↓4)手帕树叶半空飘。
handkerchief,leaf,half ↓(二)名词复数的不规则变化:1.child→children(儿童)man→men(男人)woman→women (女人)an Englishman→two Englishmen(英国人)foot→feet(脚)tooth→teeth(牙)mouse→mice(老鼠)ox →oxen(公牛)goose→geese(鹅)2.单复同形deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss, species,means除人民币,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。
英语单词单复数变化规则
英语单词单复数变化规则英语中,名词的单复数变化规则如下:1. 一般情况下,在名词末尾加-s。
例如:book → books,desk → desks,apple → apples。
2. 以-s、-x、-ch、-sh 结尾的名词,在名词末尾加-es。
例如:bus → buses,box → boxes,watch → watches,brush → brushes。
3. 以-o 结尾的名词,有些在名词末尾加-s,有些加-es。
- 加-s 的情况:photo → photos,piano → pianos,zoo → zoos。
- 加-es 的情况:hero → heroes,tomato → tomatoes,potato → potatoes。
4. 以-f 或-fe 结尾的名词,一般将-f 或-fe 变为-v,再加-es。
例如:leaf → leaves,knife → knives,wolf → wolves。
5. 不规则变化。
例如:man → men,woman → women,child → children,foot → feet,tooth → teeth,mous e → mice。
6. 复合名词的复数变化。
- 通常只将主体名词变为复数。
例如:boyfriend → boyfriends,sister-in-law → sisters-in-law。
- 如果复合名词中没有主体名词,则通常在最后一个词上加-s。
例如:go-between → go-betweens。
需要注意的是,有些名词在不同的语境或搭配中可能会有不同的复数形式,需要根据具体情况进行变化。
英语单词词性变化表
动词变名词【2 】 1.v+ ment 结尾achieve---achievement 成就advertise--- advertisement// advertisingagree— (in )agreementapartment 公寓amusement 娱乐argue---argument争吵commit奉献—commitmentcompliment 赞扬,奉承develop---developmentdisgree—disagreementdepartment 局,部experiment 实验,实验equip 设备---equipment 设备,器材govern 统治—government 当局manage---management 经营治理2.V+ tion 结尾attract吸引—attraction 有吸引力的事某人;令人神往的地方conclude—conclusion 结论compete—competition 竞争,竞赛discuss—discussion 评论辩论educate-----educationdecide----decisiondescribe—description描述,描述express 表达----expression 词语;表达方法 graduate 毕业—graduationoperate 操作,着手术—operationorganize----organizationinstruct—instruction 指点, 介绍invent—inventor / inventioninvite—invitationinspire---inspiration 灵感,鼓舞人心的--- pollute----pollution 污染predict---prediction 预言pronounce ---pronunciationresolve 决心-----resolution 决心permit 许可-----permissionsuggest-建议,暗示--suggestion solve解决-----solution 解决办法3.V+ ance 结尾appear—appearance 表面 ,消失perform----performance 表演4.V+ ing 结尾bathe 洗澡---bathingend 停止----ending 结尾,终局train 练习---trainingmean ---- meaning 意义say-----saying 谚语5.V+ 其他Beg(乞讨)—beggar 乞丐behave 行动,举止----behaviorknow---knowledgefly—flight 飞翔heat 加热---heat 热量hit 撞击------hit 惊动一时的人或物,碰撞 mix 混杂-----mixture 混杂物press 按,压—pressure 压力sit-----seat 座位succeed-- successtour 在-----旅游,在-----作巡回表演直接+地点 tour China ---tour 旅游/ tourist 旅客名词变形容词1名词+yAnger 朝气-----angryhunger---hungryfog—foggy有雾的fur----furry 毛皮的guilt 罪行---guilty 忸怩的health---healthyluck---luckycloud---cloudywind—windyrain---rainysnow---snowysun—sunnytourist------touristy 旅客多的business---busy salt 盐--- salty 咸的shine---shiny 发亮的silk 丝绸—silky 丝绸般的sleep---sleepy 昏昏欲睡的taste 口胃,咀嚼------tasty 甜的2.名词+ edbalance –balanced 均衡的spot 斑点,地点----spotted 有斑点的 talent-----talented 有禀赋的organized 有组织的distusted 厌恶的offended 朝气的crowded 拥挤的polluted 被污染的pleased 愉快的3.名词+ ful/lessmeaning—meaningful 有意义的care—careful/ careless 当心的;粗心的help---helpful / helplesshome—homeless 无家可归的colour---colourfulpain 苦楚悲伤---painful 苦楚的use---useless/ usefulthank—thankful 充满感谢的peace 和平 ---- peaceful 镇静的,安静的 playful 顽皮的,爱玩耍的4.名词+ ableadjustable 可调剂的comfort---comfortableknowledge---knowledgeablesuit 一套-----suitable 适合的5.名词+ ousenormous 伟大的danger—dangerousmystery 神秘-----mysterious 神秘的6.ce 变 tconfidence----confidentdifference---different7. al 结尾medicine 药----medical 医学的music---musicalnature---natural 天然的person---personal (nation—national 国度的私家的) education---educational有教导意义的tradition----traditional 传统的origin来源---original 新鲜的;独创的8.名词+ lyfriend—friendlylive---lively 活泼的,有朝气的love—lovely 讨厌的9.+ en 结尾wood—wooden 木制的wool—woolen 羊毛的10. 其他energy精神---energeticfool 傻子—foolish 愚昧的freedom 自由—free 空的, 免费的 height 高度—highillness 疾病--- illlove—loving 慈爱的death---deadpleasure---pleasant / pleasedpopularity 风行性—popularpride---proudscientist----scientific 科学的方位的词表达名词—形容词East—easternWest—westernSouth—southernNorth---northernIn the west of ChinaIn the western part of China四大洲名词-----形容词Asia 亚洲–---- AsianAfrica 非洲----- AfricanEurope欧洲----- EuropeanAmerica 美洲-----American形容词变副词1.形容词+ lybad—badlybright—brightly 通亮地casual—casually 随便地clear—clearly 清晰地complete—completely 完整correct---correctly 准确地final--finallyfortunate—fortunately荣幸地general—generally 一般来讲loud—loudlyparticular 特别的,奇特的—particularly polite—politelyproper 适合的-,适当的---properlymain------mainly 重要地most 多半-----mostly 多半,大多半normal---normally 正常地quick—quicklyquiet—quietly 轻轻地,安静地real—reallyrecent 比来的----recently 比来;比来 hard 难的;尽力地---hardly 几乎不 late 迟的—lately 比来;比来sad--sadly slow---slowlyspecial—specially 专门,特别地specific---specifically 特定地,明白地 strong—strongly 果断地, 强烈地sudden—suddenly忽然usual—usually2. 以le 结尾的去e + ycomfortable---comfortablygentle—gentlypossible---possiblysimple ----simply 仅仅;只;简略地terrible---terribly3. 子音字母+ y 变 ilyeasy—easilyheavy—heavilyhappy--happily4.特别good—well好地 well 身材健康的 ,井 true—truly名词---形容词—副词beauty 美,丽人—beautiful—beautifully care—careful—carefullycare—careless—carelesslydifference---different---differentlyhappiness—happy—happilyhunger—hungry--hungrilyhealth—healthy—healthilyluck—lucky—luckilynoise—noisy—noisilypride—proud—proudly自满地sadness—sad—sadlysafety 安全;安全的地方—safe—safely silence—silent---silently 默默地success—successful—successfullytruth—true—trulyunluck—unlucky—unluckilywonder 事业—wonderful—wonderfully 既是形容词又是副词early get up early ;an early trainlate be late for classcome late for schooldeep dive deep into the seaa hole deep largehigh jump high;a high mountainhard a hard question;a hard stonework hard / study hardrain hardlong It takes too longIt takes a long timefar jump farMy home is far from school straight a straight linego straight along here。
英语单词变化规则大汇总
英语单词变化规则大汇总 Final approval draft on November 22, 2020英语单词的各种变化规则一、名词复数变化:(二)名词复数的不规则变化:1.child→children(儿童)man→men(男人)woman→women(女人)anEnglishman→twoEnglishmen(英国人)foot→feet(脚)tooth→teeth(牙)mouse→mice(老鼠)ox→oxen(公牛)goose→geese(鹅)2.同形deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss,species,means除,、、等都有复数形式。
如:adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers3.,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。
peoplepolicecattle是复数(Correctness:aperson,apoliceman,aheadofcattle,theEnglish,theBritish,theFrench,theChinese,theJapanese,theSwiss)(Error:apeople,apolice,acattle)表示国民总称时,作复数用。
(TheChineseareindustriousandbrave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
)4.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词1)maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。
2)news是不可数名词。
5.表示由两部分构成的东西,glasses(眼镜)trousers(长裤)clothes(衣服)若表达具体数目,要借助pair(对,双)apairofglasses,twopairsoftrousers\suit(套)6.另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思goods(货物)waters(水域)fishes(各种鱼)练习:写出下列各词的复数I_________him_________this___________her______watch_______child_______photo________diary______day________foot________book_______dress________tooth_______sheep______box________strawberry_____thief_______fish______peach______sandwich______man______woman_______paper_______juice___________water________milk________rice__________tea__________二、序数词变化规则(一)一般化规则:基数词+th→序数词(规则变化)four(四)→fourth(第四)six(六)→sixth(第六)seven(七)→seventh(第七)ten(十)→tenth(第十)eleven(十一)eleventh→(第十一)(二)**不规则变化的one(一)→first(第一)twenty-one→twenty-firsttwo(二)→second(第二)three(三)→third(第三)five(五)→fifth(第五)eight(八)→eighth(第八)fifty-eight→fifty-eighth nine(九)→ninth(第九)twelve(十二)→twelfth(第十二)(三)从13—19的基数词,都在个位数后加teen构成14→fourteen15→fifteen16→sixteen17→seventeen18→eighteen19→nineteen(四)整十的序数词,变y为ie再加th20twenty→twentieth第二十30thirty→thirtieth第三十40forty→fortieth第十四50fifty→fiftieth第五十60sixty→sixtieth第六十70seventy→seventieth第七十80eight→eightieth第八十90ninety→ninetieth第九十(五)分数的表达:分子用:基数词分母用:序数词特别要注意:当分子大于1时,分母要用:复数1/2onesecond;ahalf;1/4aquarter;3/4threequarters7/8seveneighths3/5threefifths(六)加减乘除表达adecimalnumber小数afraction分数apercentage百分数aoddnumber奇数anevennumber偶数degrees度数1)加:and;plus;addto2+4=6Twoandfouris/equalssix.或Twoplusfouris/equalssix.或Twoaddedtofourequalssix.2)减:minus;subtractfrom8-3=5Eightminusthreeis/equalsfive.或Threesubtractedfromeightisfive.3)乘:multiply...by;multipliedby/times3×5=15Multiplythreebyfiveis/equalsfifteen.或Threemultipliedbyfiveis/equalsfifteen.4)除:divideby.../divide...by...24÷8=3Twenty-fourdividedbyeightis/equalsthree.或Divide24by8is/equalsthree.三.形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则:1.一般在词尾加er/est;2.以字母e结尾,加r/st;3.以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er/st;原级比较级最高级slim slimmer slimmestbig bigger biggesthot hotter hottestfat fatter fattestthin thinner thinnestwet wetter wettestred redder reddestsad sadder saddest4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er/st5.多音节词.和部分双音节词,在单词前面加more或mostimportantmoreimportantmostimportantdifficultmoredifficultmostdifficultinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingusefulmoreusefulmostusefulbeautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautiful6.不规则形容词比较级:原级比较级最高级good/well better bestbad/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastold older/elder oldest/eldestred redder reddestfar further/farther furthest/farthest写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级old__________young________tall_______long________short________strong________big________small_______fat_________thin__________heavy______light________nice________good_________beautiful____________________high_________slow_______fast________low______late__________early_________far_________well_______四.动词第三人称单数变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go_________stay________make________look_________have_______pass_______carry________come________watch______plant_______fly__________study_______brush________do_________teach________五.动词现在分词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting3.以ie结尾的动词,把ie变为y再加ing。
英语单词各种变化规则
一、名词复数规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s. x. ch.sh结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,. tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese练习:写出下列各词的复数I _________ him _________ this ___________ her ______watch _______ child _______ photo ________ diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______ box________ strawberry _____ thief _______ fish______ peach______ sandwich ______man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________二.动词第三人称单数变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink ________ go _________ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ________ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly __________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach________三.动词现在分词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play________ run__________ swim _________ make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________四.动词过去式变化规则:1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied5.不规则动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, fly-flew,make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat过去时练习一、写出下列动词的过去式is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make _____ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________五.形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则:1.一般在词尾加er/est;2.以字母e 结尾,加r/st ;3.以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er/st ;4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er/st5.部分双音节词和多音节词,在单词前面加more或mostimportant more important most importantdifficult more difficult most difficultinteresting more interesting most interestinguseful more useful most usefulbeautiful more beautiful most beautiful6.不规则形容词比较级:①good/well-better-best ②bad/ill-worse-worst③many/much-more-most ④little-less-least⑤far-farther-farthest或further-furthest⑥old-older-oldest或elder-eldest⑦late-later-latest或latter-latest写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级old__________ young________ tall_______ long________ short________ strong________ big________ small_______ fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________ nice________ good_________ beautiful____________________ high_________ slow_______ fast________ low______ late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______。
英语单词词性变化表
动词变名词+ ment 结尾achieve---achievement 成就advertise--- advertisement词+ edbalance –balanced 平衡的spot 斑点,地点----spotted 有斑点的talent-----talented 有天赋的organized 有组织的distusted 厌恶的offended 生气的crowded 拥挤的polluted 被污染的pleased 高兴的3.名词+ ful/lessmeaning—meaningful 有意义的care—careful/ careless 小心的;粗心的 help---helpful / helplesshome—homeless 无家可归的colour---colourfulpain 疼痛---painful 痛苦的use---useless/ usefulthank—thankful 充满感激的peace 和平 ---- peaceful 平静的,宁静的 playful 顽皮的,爱玩耍的4.名词+ ableadjustable 可调整的comfort---comfortableknowledge---knowledgeablesuit 一套-----suitable 合适的5.名词+ ousenormous 巨大的danger—dangerousmystery 神秘-----mysterious 神秘的变 tconfidence----confidentdifference---different7. al 结尾medicine 药----medical 医学的music---musicalnature---natural 自然的person---personal nation—national 国家的私人的 education---educational有教育意义的tradition----traditional 传统的origin起源---original 新颖的;独创的8.名词+ lyfriend—friendlylive---lively 活跃的,有生气的love—lovely 可爱的9.+ en 结尾wood—wooden 木制的wool—woolen 羊毛的10. 其他energy精力---energeticfool 傻子—foolish 愚蠢的freedom 自由—free 空的, 免费的height 高度—highillness 疾病--- illlove—loving 慈爱的death---deadpleasure---pleasant / pleasedpopularity 流行性—popularpride---proudscientist----scientific 科学的方位的词表达名词—形容词East—easternWest—westernSouth—southernNorth---northernIn the west of ChinaIn the western part of China四大洲名词-----形容词Asia 亚洲–---- AsianAfrica 非洲----- AfricanEurope欧洲----- EuropeanAmerica 美洲-----American形容词变副词1.形容词+ lybad—badlybright—brightly 明亮地casual—casually 随意地clear—clearly 清楚地complete—completely 完全correct---correctly 正确地final--finallyfortunate—fortunately幸运地general—generally 一般来讲loud—loudlyparticular 特殊的,独特的—particularly polite—politelyproper 合适的-,恰当的---properlymain------mainly 主要地most 多数-----mostly 多半,大多数normal---normally 正常地quick—quicklyquiet—quietly 轻轻地,安静地real—reallyrecent 最近的----recently 最近;近来 hard 难的;努力地---hardly 几乎不late 迟的—lately 最近;近来slow---slowlyspecial—specially 专门,特殊地specific---specifically 特定地,明确地 strong—strongly 坚决地, 强烈地sudden—suddenly突然usual—usually2. 以le 结尾的去e + ycomfortable---comfortablygentle—gentlypossible---possiblysimple ----simply 仅仅;只;简单地terrible---terribly3. 辅音字母+ y 变 ilyeasy—easilyheavy—heavilyhappy--happily4.特殊good—well好地 well 身体健康的 ,井 true—truly名词---形容词—副词beauty 美,美人—beautiful—beautifully care—careful—carefullycare—careless—carelesslydifference---different---differently happiness—happy—happilyhunger—hungry--hungrilyhealth—healthy—healthilyluck—lucky—luckilynoise—noisy—noisilypride—proud—proudly骄傲地sadness—sad—sadlysafety 安全;安全的地方—safe—safely silence—silent---silently 默默地success—successful—successfullytruth—true—trulyunluck—unlucky—unluckilywonder 奇迹—wonderful—wonderfully 既是形容词又是副词early get up early ;an early trainlate be late for classcome late for schooldeep dive deep into the seaa hole deep largehigh jump high;a high mountainhard a hard question;a hard stone work hard / study hardrain hardlong It takes too longIt takes a long timefar jump farMy home is far from schoolstraight a straight linego straight along here。
英语单词高级变化
★形容词:1. 贫穷的:poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的:rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的:excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的,好的:good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的,不良的:bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的:obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的:surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的:beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的:energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的:popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的Impoverished7.Serious 严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident 9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive★动词:1. 提高,加强:improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起:cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决:solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除:destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发,鼓励:encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为:think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成:complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留:keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于:destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten1.Improve 提高:Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change 改变:Transform3.Emphasize 强调:Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养:Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break 破坏:Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源7.deal With解决Tackle、Address(这也是高难度用法,很牛)、Resolve 8.need 需要Require、necessitate、call for★名词:1. 影响:influence= impact2. 危险:danger = perils =hazard3. 污染:pollution = contamination4. 人类:human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人:old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福:happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师:teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育:education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年:young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点:advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任:responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力:ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业:job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐:enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子:children = offspring = descendant= kid1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同Gap(简单但是牛)、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.Pollution 污染Contamination6.Human 人类The human race Humanity Humankind7.Danger 危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary society In present-day society In this day and age★短语:1. 充满了:be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力:struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事:embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of★插入语1.indeed的确,2.surely无疑,3.however然而,4.obviously显然,5.frankly坦率地说,6.naturally自然,7.luckily (或happily)for sb.算某人幸运,8.fortunately/luckily幸好,9.honestly真的, 10.briefly简单地说, 11.strange to say说也奇怪, 12.needless to say 不用说,13.most impor tant of all最为重要是, 13.worse still更糟糕的是, 14.in a few words(或in sum,in short)简而言之, 15.in other words换句话说,16.in a sense在某种意义上, 17.in general一般说来, 18.in my view在我看来, 19.in conclusion总之, 20.in summary概括地说, 21.in fact事实上, 22.in the first place首先,23.in addition此外,24.of course当然, 25.to my knowledge据我所知, 26.for instance(或example)例如, 27.as a matter of fact事实上,28.strictly speaking严格地说, 29.generally speaking一般地说,30.judging from…根据……判断,31.to be sure无疑, 32.to sum up概括地说, 33.to tell the truth老实说, 34.I am sure我可以肯定地说,35.I believe我相信, 36.I wonder我不知道, 37.that is也就是说,38.it seems看来是,39.asI see it照我看来, 40.what is important (serious)重要(严重)的是1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害:Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3给与:Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4培养::Develop, cultivate, foster5优势:Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷:Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑:Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的:Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为:Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10 保护:Protect, conserve, preserve11确保:Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的:Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13 要求:Request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除:Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15 导致:Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此:So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至:Grow to,rise to,increase to,go up to,climb to,ascend to,jump to,shoot to 18降低至:Dip to,fall to,decline to,decrease to,drop to,go down to,reduce to,slump to,descend to,sink to,slide to19保持稳定:Level out,do not change,remain stable,remain still,remain steady,be stable,maintain the same level,remain unchanged,be still,remain the same level,stay constant,keep at the same level,level off,stabilize,keep its stability,even out20 急剧地:Dramatically,drastically,sharply,hugely,enormously,steeply,substantially,considerably,significantly,markedly,surprisingly,strikingly,radically,remarkably,vastly,noticeably21平稳地:Steadily,smoothly,slightly,slowly,marginally,gradually,moderately,mildly22 宣称:Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生:Happen, occur, take place24 原因:Reason, factor, cause25 发展:Development, advance, progress26 有益的:Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding,advantageous27 影响:Influence, impact, effect28明显的:Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29占:Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与…相比:Compared with,compared to,in comparison with,in comparison to,by comparison with,by comparison to31对比而言:By contrast,in contrast,on the other hand,on the contrary=,conversely32展示:Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33 大约:Approximately,almost,about,around,nearly,roughly34波动:Fluctuate,go ups and downs,display a fluctuation,demonstrate a fluctuation35事实上:Practically,in practice,essentially,in essence,in reality,in effect,in fact,as a matter of fact,it is a fact that36换言之:Namely,that is to say,in other words,to put it like this,to put it differently,to put it from another way,to put it from another angle.1.individuals,characters, folks替换people ,persons2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的),promising (有希望的),perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语,可以有be less impressive替换Eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注:用many, if not most 一定要小心,many后一定要有词。
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一、名词复数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,. tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
练习:写出下列各词的复数
I _________ him _________ this ___________ her ______
watch _______ child _______ photo ________ diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______ box________ strawberry _____
thief _______ fish______ peach______ sandwich ______
man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________
water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
二.动词第三人称单数变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _________ stay ________ make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ________
come________ watch______ plant_______ fly __________
study_______ brush________ do_________ teach________
三.动词现在分词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play________ run__________ swim _________ make__________
go_________ like________ write________ _ ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________
put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
四.动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied
5.不规则动词过去式:
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, fly-flew, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习
一、写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make _____
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
五.形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则:
1.一般在词尾加er/est;
2.以字母e 结尾,加r/st ;
3.以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er/st ;
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er/st
5.部分双音节词和多音节词,在单词前面加more或most
important more important most important
difficult more difficult most difficult
interesting more interesting most interesting
useful more useful most useful
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
6.不规则形容词比较级:
①good/well-better-best ②bad/ill-worse-worst
③many/much-more-most ④little-less-least
⑤far-farther-farthest ⑥old-older-oldest
或further-furthest 或elder-eldest
⑦late-later-latest
或latter-latest
写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级
old__________ young________ tall_______ long________
short________ strong________ big________ small_______
fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________
nice________ good_________ beautiful____________________
high_________ slow_______ fast________ low______
late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______。