(新编汉英翻译教程第二版)第三章 词语英译

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3-1词语的翻译-指称意义和蕴涵意义

3-1词语的翻译-指称意义和蕴涵意义
I have shown due respect for your feelings, but there's really nothing I can do about it.
知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。
When you know a thing, to hold that you know it, and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it ---- this is knowledge.
《红楼梦》中对女性的称呼,如“王夫人”、“ 周瑞家的”的翻译
Lady Wang Zhou Rui’s wife
Mrs. Zhou
5)克明:觉新哪,你听着! (《家》中高老爷训导觉新的话语

Keming:
Juexin, I want you to pay particular attention to this. / Listen, Juexin.
你就是送给我,我也不要. Even if you give it to me as a gift, I won’t accept it.
他就着油灯读信. He read the letter by the oil lamp.
面子
如果怕丢面子,就说不好英语。()
我,我也要留下来。 If you stay, I will, too.
小马也就是十二三岁,脸上还瘦。 Xiao Ma was no more than twelve or thirteen years old, with a very lean face.
她怎么好好的就自杀了? 这也怪了! Why should she have committed suicide for no reason? It’s rather odd.

新编汉英翻译教程答案

新编汉英翻译教程答案

新编汉英翻译教程答案新编汉英翻译教程答案【篇一:(新编汉英翻译教程第二版)第二章汉英翻译基础知识】xt>1.探春笑道:“只恐又是你的杜撰。

”宝玉笑道:“除《四书》外,杜撰的太多,偏只我是杜撰不成?”“youre making that up, im afraid,” teased tan chun. “most works, apart from the four books, are made up; am i the only one who made things up?” he retorted with a grin.2.贾母笑道:“你不认得他,他是我们这里有名的一个泼皮破落户儿,南省俗谓作‘辣子’,你只叫他‘凤辣子’就是了。

”“you dont know her, ”said grandmother jia merrily. “shes aholy terror this one. what we used to call in nanking a‘peppercorn’. you just call her ‘peppercorn feng’. shell know who you mean!” (david hawkes 译)3.贾母笑道:“外客未见,就脱了衣裳,还不去见你妹妹!” witha smile at pao-yu, the lady dowager s colded, “fancy changing your clothes before greeting our visitor. hurry up now and pay your respects to your cousin.”4.贾母笑道:“可又是胡说,你又何曾见过他?”“youre talking nonsense again,” said his grandmother, laughing. “how could you possibly have met her?”5.他是只狡猾的老狐狸。

《新编英汉翻译教程》课件

《新编英汉翻译教程》课件
回顾中国翻译史的重要 事件和人物。
第二章 翻译理论
1 翻译等效性理论
探讨翻译中的等效性原则及其在实践中的应用。
2 动态对等理论
介绍动态对等理论及其对翻译实践的影响。
3 准确、信达、美观
解读翻译过程中的准确性、传达性和美观性等要素。
第三章 翻译方法
1
活学活用
2
分享一些实用的翻译方法和技巧,
帮助提升翻译质量。
2
翻译员的必备素质
讨论翻译员需要具备的技能和品质。
3
翻译行业的未来展望
展望翻译行业的发展趋势和未来机遇。
《新编英汉翻译教程》 PPT课件
这是一份关于《新编英汉翻译教程》的PPT课件,我们将一同探讨翻译的概述、 理论、方法、实践、质量控制、语言能力、翻译工具以及翻译职业发展。
第一章 翻译概述
翻译定义
探索翻译的本质及其在 不同领域中的应用。
翻译的分类
介绍翻译的不同类型, 如文学翻译、科技翻译 等。
中国翻译史概述
3
直译与意译
比较直译和意译的优缺点,讲解 如何在翻译中进行取舍。
翻译技巧
介绍一些常用的翻译技巧,如拆 句翻译和转换语序等。
第四章 翻译实践
社科类翻译实践
讨论翻译社会科学类文本时 的技巧和挑战。
科技类翻译实践
探索在科技领域中翻译的要 点和专业术语的处理。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
文学类翻译实践
分享文学翻译的艺术和技巧, 以及如何处理文学作品中的 文化差异。
第五章 翻译质量控制
1 翻译质量评估标准 2 翻译质量提升方法 3 翻译过程管理
介绍翻译质量评估的 标准和方法。
分享一些提高翻译质 量的实用方法和技巧。

新编汉英翻译教程陈宏薇9787544631914整理笔记

新编汉英翻译教程陈宏薇9787544631914整理笔记

第一章绪论1.1 翻译的性质和分类1. 翻译的定义:Definition of translation翻译是将一种语言文化承载的意义转换到另一种语言文化中的跨语言、跨文化的交际活动。

翻译的本质是释义,是意义的转换。

2. 翻译的分类:Classification of translation按文本而言,分为文学翻译、科级翻译、应用文翻译就方式而言,分为全译、摘译、编译。

全译:全文照译,全译是翻译的最基本方式,它是翻译的基础。

摘译:根据特定目的的摘取、翻译原文中的部分内用,以利译文读者更方便,更快捷的获取原文文献主要信息的方式。

编译:则是“编辑”和“”翻译的结合。

3.翻译活动涉及的因素:Factors involved in translation activities译者:translator, 作者:author, 原文: source text,原文读者: source-text readers译文:target text/translated text/target version, 译文读者: target-text readers1.2 汉英翻译的单位----句子C-E Translation Unit句子:句子是用词或词组构成的一个能够表达一个完整意思的语言单位。

每个句子都有一定的语调,表示陈述、疑问、祈使、感叹等语气。

在连续说话时,句子和句子中间有一个较大的停顿。

在书面上,句子的停顿处,要根据不同的语调分别用句号、问号火感叹号。

(定义来自《汉语大辞典》)从意义上讲,句子能够表示一个完整的意思从功能上讲,句子表示陈述、疑问、祈使、感叹等语气从形态上讲,句末有句号、问号或感叹号为标志因此,句子是较为理想的翻译单位。

1.3 汉英翻译的标准Standards for C-E TranslationChinese translation standards1.严复的标准信:faithfulness 指准确的传达原文的内容,即信于读者和作者,不允许对原作有任何歪曲或篡改,译作不容许有任何遗漏和省略。

英汉汉英翻译实训教程Chapter Three- Idiom Translation

英汉汉英翻译实训教程Chapter Three- Idiom Translation
为 “致命的弱点”。
Idiom Translation
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
Chapter Three
Translate another group of sentences to check your progress.
1.They offered me a good job at that company but I hear that the boss is as hard as nails: one little mistake and you're out on the street the next day looking for a new job。 [译文]:他们向我提供那家公司的一个很好的职位,但是我听说他们的老板是个 很难相处的人:只要你犯一个小错,他马上把你一脚踢出公司大门,让你另谋 生路。
Idiom Translation
英汉汉英翻译实训教程
Listen to Doctor Translator
Chapter Three
1. The crafty enemy was ready to launch an attack while holding out the olive branch.
[译文]:那个年轻人对警察说他与这宗盗窃案无关,但警察看了他的汽车行李箱, 将其人赃并获。
[点评]:“caught red-handed ”原指手上沾满鲜血的杀人犯被逮个现行。在例句 中
译为“人赃并获”,也指犯有任何罪行者当场被捉。
4. Better get a hair cut before you go to that job interview tomorrow. You want to put a best foot forward because there are twenty other people after the same job.

英汉翻译教程讲解第三章

英汉翻译教程讲解第三章

第3章Unit 3 Geography本单元的课文和练习文章都是描述地理风貌的,在翻译时尽量使用客观性的语言,不参杂个人情感,甚至可用无主句。

在翻译风土人情时往往涉及的知识面较宽,需要译者在帄时多注意积累,这样翻译才能到位,不聊中 啊?BR> 在语言对比方面的重点是:一、动词无论是英语还是汉语,动词是最常用的词了。

因此要做好翻译工作,译好动词的重要性更是显而易见的了。

(一)要选译适当的动词。

英语和汉语虽然在动宾搭配方面有许多共同之处,但是仍然存在着不少的差别。

如to cut wheat割麦子;to cut cake切蛋糕;to cut finger-nails剪指甲。

因此在翻译时要各自的表达习惯选择适当的动词。

例1) He is in trouble. 他有麻烦了。

例2) Helen was so aggressive while talking about her dog.当海伦谈到她的狗时,兴致勃勃。

(省略动词)例3) I saw her wandering in the street wearing sun glasses and a thick jacket. 我看见她戴着太阳镜,穿着厚茄克,在街上闲逛。

例4) Please keep me informed as soon as you got the news. 请你一得到消息就通知我。

(二)英语的非动词形式转译成汉语的动词。

英语主谓机制突出,一个句子往往动词少,名词多,尤其是抽象名词用得多,常靠词的形态变化来表达意思;汉语没有形态变化,重动态描写,所以汉语动词用得多,表达意思时往往借助动词,按时间及逻辑顺序层层交待。

在英译汉时,英语中的许多意思都可以用汉语的动词来表达。

1. 英语中具有动作意义的名词或由动词转化过来的名词,汉译时往往可转化为动词。

例1) They went on strike in demand of a 40 per cent wage increase. 他们举行罢工,要求工资增加40%。

新编汉英翻译教程陈宏薇第2版考研练习题库

新编汉英翻译教程陈宏薇第2版考研练习题库

新编汉英翻译教程陈宏薇第2版考研练习题库陈宏薇《新编汉英翻译教程》(第2版)配套题库(含考研真题)目录第1章绪论第2章汉英翻译基础知识第3章词语的英译3.1 词语指称意义和蕴含意义的确定3.2 词语英译与文化环境3.3 “假朋友”的识别3.4 成语和四字格的英译第4章句子的英译4.1 主语的确定4.2 谓语的确定与主谓一致问题4.3 语序的调整4.4 否定句的英译4.5 句子功能的再现第5章句群与段落的英译5.1 句群内的衔接与连贯5.2 段落翻译第6章篇章的英译6.1 广告文本的英译6.2 新闻文本的英译6.3 科技文本的英译6.4 说明性文本的英译6.5 歌词文本的英译6.6 文学文本的英译•试看部分内容绪论Ⅰ. 填空题1. 按照文本类型来分,翻译可分为_____、_____、_____、_____。

【答案】文学翻译;科技翻译;新闻翻译;应用文翻译查看答案【解析】根据书中所述,文本的类型概括起来有小说、诗歌、戏剧等文学文本,科技报告、科技论文等科技文本,新闻报道、通讯、社论、特写等新闻文本,广告、合同、产品说明书等应用文本。

2. 就翻译方式而言,主要有_____、_____、_____,其中_____是翻译最基本的方式。

【答案】全译;摘译;编译;全译查看答案【解析】全译,指全文翻译,为翻译最基本的方式。

摘译,指根据特定目的,选取、翻译原文的一部分,从而使译入语读者更快地获得所需源语文本中的信息。

编译为“编辑”和“翻译”的结合。

3. 汉语和英语均具有的语言层级为_____、_____、_____、_____、_____。

【答案】词;短语;句子;段落;篇章查看答案【解析】翻译单位是翻译研究和学习翻译不可忽视的问题,因为涉及到两种语言在什么层级上进行转换的问题。

汉英两种语言均有的语言层级为词(wo rd)、短语(ph rase)、句子(sen tence)、段落(p aragraph)和篇章(text)。

新编汉英翻译教程(第二版)课时PPT

新编汉英翻译教程(第二版)课时PPT
毛主席《为女民兵题照》 毛主席《为女民兵题照》
Most Chinese daughters have a desire strong; To face powder and not to powder the face.
高天滚滚寒流急; 高天滚滚寒流急; 大地微微暖气吹。 大地微微暖气吹。
毛主席《冬云》 毛主席《冬云》
严复
《天演论》 天演论》 公派到英国留学, 公派到英国留学,先入 普茨毛斯大学, 普茨毛斯大学,后转到 格林威治海军学院 译文简练,首倡“ 译文简练,首倡“信、 达、雅”的译文标准 1912年严复受袁世凯命 年严复受袁世凯命 担任北大校长之职
In translation, there are three difficulties to overcome, namely, faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance. It is already very difficult to achieve faithfulness. Without expressiveness, mere faithfulness would mean work to no avail.
那么这个想法怎么会由一个不起眼的念 头变成了文字,然后又变成了电影呢? 头变成了文字,然后又变成了电影呢? 答案是名人精疲力尽了。 答案是名人精疲力尽了。这位点石成金 的好莱坞宠儿由《西雅图夜未眠》 的好莱坞宠儿由《西雅图夜未眠》到 《玩具故事》和《阿波罗13号》,获得 玩具故事》 阿波罗 号 了一连串的票房成功,并因《 了一连串的票房成功,并因《费城的故 和随后的《阿甘正传》 事》和随后的《阿甘正传》连续两年问 鼎奥斯卡奖。 鼎奥斯卡奖。
Among average respectable woman envy plays an extraordinary large part. If you are sitting in the underground and a welldressed woman happens to walk along the car, watch the eyes of the other women. You will see that every one of them, with the possible exception of those who are even better dressed, will watch the woman with malevolent glances, and will be struggling to draw inferences as derogatory to her.

新编英汉翻译教程

新编英汉翻译教程

“我知道,爸,”她说,“我是个自私鬼。我会考虑这个问题的……”
二.归化法(domesticating method)
一.归化的目的是力求译文通顺易懂,能为译语读者所接受。 EXAMPLE:
1.She could not desert Tara;she belonged to the red acres far more than they could ever belong to her.(M.Mitchell:Gone with the wind,p.20)
二.采取异化译法,不仅可以充分地传达原作的“异国风味”,而且可以引用 一些原语的S “瓶颈”(bottleneck) 2.“猫哭老鼠”VS “洒鳄鱼泪”(shed crocodile tears) 3.“全副武装”VS “武装到牙齿”(be armed to the teeth) 4.Say no (to) “否定,拒绝,反对” EXAMPLE: They said a sharp no to our propsals.他们断然拒绝我们的建议。 They dare say no to the superpower!他们敢于反对那个超级大国。VS 他们敢对那个超级大国说不!
异化法的限度:一是译语语言文化的限度,二是译语读者接受能力的限度。
三.伪异化
1.Consequently Mr.Micawber was soon so overcome,that he mingled his tears with hers and mine.(C.Dickens: David Copperfield,Ch.12) 结果米考博先生不久就伤感的把他的眼泪同她的和我的混合起来了。 (P) Mingle their tears “一起哭” 结果是,一会儿米考博先生也受不住了,和她和我,眼泪对流了起来。 2.“I know,Dad,”she said,“I’m a selfish Pig.I’ll think about it…”(J.Galsworthy:A Modern Comedy,p.47) “我知道,爹,”她说,“我是头自私自利的猪。我会考虑这个问题 的……”(P)

(完整)(新编汉英翻译教程第二版)第三章 词语英译

(完整)(新编汉英翻译教程第二版)第三章  词语英译

第三章词语英译1.这姑娘是漂亮。

This girl is really beautiful.2.此人是书就读。

This man reads every book he can reach .3.是可忍,孰不可忍?If this can be tolerated, what cannot?4.是古非今Praise the past to condemn the present5.知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。

When you know a thing, to hold that you know it, and when youdo not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it----this is knowledge .6.南京的风俗:但凡新媳妇进门,三日就要到厨下收拾一样菜,发个利市。

这菜一定是鱼,取“富贵有余”的意思。

The custom in Nanjing is for all brides to invite good luck by going to the kitchen on the third day and cooking a fish, which stands for fortune.7.去设埋伏我们都没有信心,想他一定在昨天晚上就早溜了,今天去也是瞎子点灯白费蜡。

We had no confidence in today's ambush because we were sure he had escaped last night. It seemed as useless as a blind man lighting a candle.8.……只因生得妩媚风流,满学中都送了两个外号:一个叫“香怜”,一个叫“玉爱”。

... Because of their glamorous looks and affected manners, were universally known by the nickname of Darling and Precious.9.克明:觉新哪,你听着!Keming: Juexin, I want you to pay particular attention to this.10.客人一走进大门,扑鼻的是一阵幽香,入目的是绿蜡似的叶子和红霞或白雪似的花朵……As guests entered the gate, they would first smell a sweet fragrance and then see the waxy green leaves and the rainbow red or snow-white flowers.11.……三十六家花酒店,七十二座管弦楼。

英汉翻译教程

英汉翻译教程

英汉翻译教程张培基第一讲翻译原则简介一、教学目的:了解基本的翻译原则和翻译研究的问题二、教学过程:1.翻译的定义和内涵:(Definition and Connotation)Translation is an art/ science/craft?2.中国几位翻译家的理论(influential translation principles):严复:信达雅--- faithfulness/expressiveness/eleganc e. The “three character guide” is regarded as a plumb-line of long standing to measure the professional level of translating.傅雷:神似---spiritual conformity. Emphasizing the reproduction of the spirit of the flavor of the original.强调原作神韵再现。

钱钟书:化境---sublimed adaptation. Focus on the translator’s smooth and idiomatic Chinese version for the sake of the Chinese reader.刘重德:信、达、切---faithfulness/expressiveness/closeness.3.中国翻译史上的论争:鲁迅:宁信而不顺---rather to be faithful than smooth。

目的:引入英文句式的表达法梁实秋、赵景深:宁顺而不信---rather to be smooth than faithful 目的:可读性强,便于交流。

4.直译与意译:直译---literal translation 意译:free translation直译的例子:crocodile tears鳄鱼的眼泪; armed to the teeth武装到牙齿; chain reaction连锁反应; gentlemen’s agreement君子协定; one country, two systems 一国两制;The three religions and the nine schools of thought 三教九流; paper tiger 纸老虎; Breath one’s last---断气; go to one’s external rest---安息; the long sleep---长眠; see Marx 见马克思;Go west 上西天; go to heaven 上天堂; blow out the candles 吹灯拔蜡kick the bucket 蹬腿: You can kick everything but you can not kick the bucket直译不等于死译(dead translation):街道妇女应动员起来打扫卫生:Women in the street should be called on to do some cleaning.“In the street” should be replaced by “in the community”.她一大早起床,进城,见到了她的公爹:She got up early, went to the town and saw her public father. Public father should be father in law.意译的例子:It rains cats and dogs / at sixes and sevens /Adam’s apple句子比较:Little fish does not eat big fish直译:小鱼不吃大鱼意译:胳膊拧不过大腿试译:天有不测风云,人有旦夕祸福:直译:Storms gather without warning in nature and bad luck befalls men overnight.意译:The weather and human life are both unpredictable有人说,翻译是带着镣铐跳舞(translation is like dancing in fetters);还有人说,翻译像女人,忠实的不漂亮,漂亮的不忠实。

翻译新概念英汉互译实用教程

翻译新概念英汉互译实用教程

Байду номын сангаас
第三章 英译汉实用指南

第一节 英语理解中的难点及翻译对策 第二节 英译汉表达中的四对关系 第三节 英语名词的译法 第四节 英语修饰语的译法 第五节 英语“三态”、“一气的译法” 第六节 英语三大从句的译法 第七节 英语特殊句型的翻译 第八节 英语长句的翻译 第九节 英语习语、典故的翻译
第五章 英语应试翻译题常见结构及 译技指导
• 第一节 英译汉译技指导 第二节 汉译英译技指导 附录各章练习参考答案
第四章 汉译英实用指南

第一节 怎样才能译出地道的英语 第二节 汉译英表达五戒 第三节 汉译英主干及信息重心的确立 第四节 汉语词语的翻译 第五节 汉语的基本句型及其翻译 第六节 汉译英语篇重组 第七节 汉语习语和文章标题的翻译 第八节 汉译英典型错误透析
第一章 翻译概论
第一节 翻译的作用与使命 第二节 翻译标准 第三节 直译与意译 第四节 “归化与“异化译法” 第五节 “可译性”和“不可译性的补 偿” 第六节 “翻译症的症状及克服方略”
第二章 英、汉语言对比及互译对策

第一节 英、汉语言的共相 第二节 英、汉语言的差异 第三节 英、汉互译的常用技巧

新编汉英翻译教程(第二版)课时PPT

新编汉英翻译教程(第二版)课时PPT

(ii) social context: the objective environment in which the addresser produces and the addressee interprets an utterance, such as settings for communication, the status of and the relationship between the addresser and addressee, their social and backgrounds; (iii) cognitive environment: any experiences, background knowledge or other which contribute to communication and cognition(何 自然, 1997:210).
Restrictive function is one of the major functions of context and also playing an important part in meaning understanding. I never had much in seeing you. There was no love lost between us at any time, I think. 我向来不大看到你,咱们两人之间大 概什么时候都不曾有过好感。
So writers today should take heart. We could dress like Lady Gaga and hang from a cage at a Yankees game — if any of us looked as good near-naked, that is. 所以今天的作家应该鼓足勇气。 只要我们 中任何人有几分姿色,我们就可以打扮成 嘎嘎夫人那样,在洋基队比赛中将自己挂 在笼子状的裙子里---几近裸体。

新编大学英译汉教程第二版知识点总结

新编大学英译汉教程第二版知识点总结

新编大学英译汉教程第二版知识点总结英译汉的翻译知识点总结词类转译技巧在英译汉过程中,有些句子可以逐词对译,有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达方式不同,就不能逐词对译,只能将词类进行转译之后,方可使译文显得通顺、自然;对词类转译技巧的运用须从四个方面加以注意。

1、转译成动词。

英语中的某些名词、介词、副词,翻译时可转译成汉语中的动词。

The lack of any special excretory system is explained in a similar way .植物没有专门的排泄系统,可用同样的方式加以说明。

(名词转译)As he ran out ,he forgot to have his shoes on .他跑出去时,忘记了穿鞋子。

2、转译成名词。

英语中的某些动词、形容词,翻译时可转换成汉语中的名词。

The earth on which we live is shaped a ball.我们居住的地球,形状象一个大球。

(动词转译)The doctor did his best to cure the sick and the wounded .医生尽了最大的努力来治疗病号和伤员。

(形容词转换)3、转译成形容词。

英语中有些作表语或宾语的抽象名词,以及某些形容词派生的名词,往往可转译成汉语中的形容词。

另外,当英语动词转译成汉语名词时,原来修饰该动词的副词也往往随之转译成汉语中的形容词。

It is no use employing radar to detect objects in water.使用雷达探测水下目标是没有用的。

(作表语的名词转译)The sun affects tremendously both the mind and body of a man .太阳对人的身体和精神都有极大的影响。

(副词转译)4、转译成副词。

英语中的某些名词、形容词,翻译时可转译成汉语中的副词。

When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor .只要一发现有可能反对他的人,他就本能地要用他的魅力和风趣将这些人争取过来。

《新英汉翻译教程》第三章课后答案

《新英汉翻译教程》第三章课后答案

I suppose that if a man has a confused mind he will write in a confused way, if his temper is capricious his prose will be fantastical, and if he has a quick, darting intelligence that is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and simile.我认为,如果一个人思路不清,他写文章也困惑,如果他喜怒无常的文章就会荒诞不经;如果他思想敏捷,智能,由眼前的事情,他将一百件事情,除非他有很大的自我控制、负荷在文章中隐喻和明喻。

I sincerely hope that your congratulations will be matched by your collective endeavour to seek a just and practical solution to the problem which has bedeviled the United Nations for so many years.我真诚地希望你的祝贺将相媲美的集体努力追求公正和实际解决问题的困扰,联合国已经多年了。

Culture to him, as to the Orientals, with whom he lived so much and sympathized so deeply, was an affair of the spirit and of mind not to be measured by material progress, or, even by the arts.文化,在东方人,和他一起住这么多,深深同情的事情,是灵,可以不可以通过衡量物质进步、或,即使是艺术。

第3章_词语英译(新编汉英翻译教程_陈宏薇)

第3章_词语英译(新编汉英翻译教程_陈宏薇)

1、英军胜利地登上了小岛。

a. The British army climbed onto the island successfully.b. The British army landed on the island successfully.析:“登”一词既有“爬、攀登”之意,又可理解为“登陆”。

从本句的上下文来看,“登”这一动作的施动者是军队,对象是小岛而非高山,“登上”意为“登陆、上岸”,应译作land on ,而非climb onto 。

2、他对事情的进展情况也还满意。

He is quite satisfied with the way things went.析:“也”在句中是表示程度的副词,不可作“同样”解,不应译为also 或as well 。

3、他是我父亲。

He is my father.这姑娘是漂亮。

This is girl is really beautiful.此人是书就读。

This man reads every book he can reach .是可忍,孰不可忍?If this can be tolerated, what cannot?是古非今Praise the past to condemn the present析:“是”在以上各句中的指称意义各不相同。

第一句的“是”表示判断,第二句中的“是”必须重读,表示“的确、实在”,第三句中的“是”表示凡是,第四句的“是”意为“这”,仅用于书面语中,“是”的这一用法已带有蕴涵意义了。

第五句的“是”意为“认为正确”,作动词用,也是书面语。

所以,译文的表达也相应地有所不同。

4、知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。

When you know a thing, to hold that you know it, and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it----this is knowledge .(孔子《论语》,James Legge 译)析:句中一连出现了五个“知”字,前四个“知”的词性与指称意义相同,都作动词“知道”解。

新编汉英翻译教程第三章-78页PPT资料

新编汉英翻译教程第三章-78页PPT资料
“登”一词既有“爬,攀登”之意,又可理解为“登 陆”.从本句的上下文看,登这一动作的施动者是军队,对象 是小岛而非高山,“登上”意为登陆上岸,应译作land on,而 非climb onto.
例如:他是我父亲. He is my father. 这姑娘是漂亮. This girl is really beautiful. 此人是书就读. This man reads every book he can reach. 是可忍,孰不可忍? If this can be tolerated, what can not? 是古非今 praise the past to condemn the present
叠词: 信息功能,表情功能,美感功能.
例如:他对事情的进展情况也还满意.
He is quite satisfied with the way things went. “也”在句中是表示程度的副词,不可做“同样”解,不应译 为also或as well.
3.1.2 蕴涵意义的理解与表达
*蕴涵意义指词语内含的情感与联想意义,是词语 的隐含意义,反映特有的思维方式和社会文化。
*同一词语的蕴涵意义是不同的。
例如:月亮与月球的指称意义相同,但月亮在汉语语言文 化中又被赋予了团圆,爱情,故乡等含义.
moon与月亮指称意义相同,但对英美人士,月亮使 他们联想到反复无常的性格,阴森的气氛,甚至是在月圆之 夜现身的狼人.
*因此,译者应在深谙两种语言和文化的基础上尽 可能忠实地再现原文的蕴涵意义,真正做到达意传 神.
b: 晚霞如同一片赤红的落叶坠到铺着黄尘的地上, 斜阳之下的山冈变成了暗紫,好象是云海中的礁石.
The evening glow there is like a patch of red leaves fallen on the ground covered with golden dust. Under the sloping sunrays the hills became dark brown, as if they were rocks among a sea of clouds. (red—scarlet=vivid red or reddish orange)

英汉翻译完整教程[2]

英汉翻译完整教程[2]

Students should do their own work in order to maximize learning. Collaborating on assignments is permitted, but copying another student’s work is prohibited. Similarly, students who are caught copying or plagiarizing will fail the assignment.
1. 增译法
2. 省译法
3. 词类转换
4. 正说反译、反说正译法 5. 翻译练习1、2、3、4
2
第五章:句子翻译技巧(下)
一、教学目的:要求熟练理解句子的翻译技 巧,从而在汉英翻译时做到通顺、准确。 二、教学过程:
1. 重译法
2. 语态变换法
3. 词序调整法
4. 拆译法 5. 翻译练习1、2、3、4
Wednesday
Classroom
Class 1
14:30—16:00 p.m.
A1203
导学——课程要求
Course Description & Requirements
Description:
This course named Translation Theory and Practice aims at cultivating the SS’ ability of translating between E-C and C- E—they have the ability to understand and master some basic theories and techniques about translation. E.g. the brief history of Chinese and western translation theory, the differences between E and C, the eight basic techniques in translation, some methods to deal with the special sentences, etc. In a word, the SS will have the first impression to English language and Chinese, and through these discussions they will have a higher ability in their English writing. It will take us at least a span of 4 lectures to finish one topic in the syllabus.

陈宏薇《新编汉英翻译教程》(第2版)教材的配套题库(文学文本的英译)【圣才出品】

陈宏薇《新编汉英翻译教程》(第2版)教材的配套题库(文学文本的英译)【圣才出品】

6.6文学文本的英译⊙散文翻译Practice1回信,固然可畏,不回信,也绝非什么乐事。

书架上经常叠着百多封未回之信,“债龄”或长或短,长的甚至一年以上,那样的压力,也绝非一个普通的罪徒所能负担的。

一叠未回的信,就像一群不散的阴魂,在我罪深孽重的心底幢幢作祟。

理论上说来,这些信当然是要回的。

我可以坦然向天发誓,在我清醒的时刻,我绝未存心不回人信。

问题出在技术上。

给我一整个夏夜的空闲,我该先回一年半前的那封信呢,还是七个月前的这封信?隔了这么久,恐怕连谢罪自谴的有效期也早过了吧。

在朋友的心目中,你早已沦为不值得计较的妄人。

“莫名其妙!”是你在江湖上一致的评语。

(宁波大学2016研)【参考译文】Replying a letter does make me flinch;however,unreplied letters allow me no release at all.Dozens of unreplied letters pile up on my bookshelf,like a sum of debt waiting to be paid.Some have been waiting there for over one year,while some have newly arrived.The pressure from paying off that debt is far beyond what a junior debtor can endure.The stack of unreplied letters are,like a group of haunting ghosts,continually pestering my guilt-loaded soul.Conventionally,the letters will certainly be replied.I can even swear by heaven that never do I have the intention not to reply when my mind is clear.The problem is how to reply.Even if I spared myself a whole summer night,I would be wavering on which letter to reply first,the18-month-old one or the7-month-old?The reply has been delayed for solong that I’m afraid even a heartfelt apology has already lost its power.In friends’heart,I’ve been marginalized as a cocky man unworthy of care.“Unaccountable”!That is their unanimous comment on me.Practice2笑是最流动、最迅速的表情,从眼睛里泛到口角边。

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第三章词语英译1.这姑娘是漂亮。

This girl is really beautiful.2.此人是书就读。

This man reads every book he can reach .3.是可忍,孰不可忍?If this can be tolerated, what cannot?4.是古非今Praise the past to condemn the present5.知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。

When you know a thing, to hold that you know it, and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it----this is knowledge .6.南京的风俗:但凡新媳妇进门,三日就要到厨下收拾一样菜,发个利市。

这菜一定是鱼,取“富贵有余”的意思。

The custom in Nanjing is for all brides to invite good luck by going to the kitchen on the third day and cooking a fish,which stands for fortune.7.去设埋伏我们都没有信心,想他一定在昨天晚上就早溜了,今天去也是瞎子点灯白费蜡。

We had no confidence in today's ambush because we were sure he had escaped last night. It seemed as useless as a blind man lighting a candle.8.……只因生得妩媚风流,满学中都送了两个外号:一个叫“香怜”,一个叫“玉爱”。

... Because of their glamorous looks and affected manners, were universally known by the nickname of Darling and Precious.9.克明:觉新哪,你听着!Keming: Juexin, I want you to pay particular attention to this.10.客人一走进大门,扑鼻的是一阵幽香,入目的是绿蜡似的叶子和红霞或白雪似的花朵……As guests entered the gate, they would first smell a sweet fragrance and then see the waxy green leaves and the rainbow red or snow-white flowers.11.……三十六家花酒店,七十二座管弦楼。

...the countless taverns and music halls.12.……两块肩胛骨高高凸出,印成一个阳文的“八”字。

...and his shoulder blades stuck out so sharply, an inverted V seemed stamped there.13.宝钗笑道:不用问,狗嘴里还有象牙不成I don’t have to ask,”retorted Pao-chai,“One dose not expect ivory from a dog’s mouth14.他身材增加了一倍,先前的紫色的圆脸,已经变作灰黄,而且加上了很深的皱纹He had grown to twice his former size.his round face,crimson before,had become sallow and acquired deep lines and wrinkles15.在我们的左面,住有一家砍砍柴,卖卖菜,人家死人或娶亲,去帮帮忙跑跑腿的人家。

Residing on our left was a family that cut firewood when there was firewood to cu t and peddled vegetables when there werevegetables to peddle .or when there were funerals or weddings going on they’d offer to do legwork.16.……路上浮尘早已刮净,剩下一条洁白的大道来,车夫也跑得更快。

By now the loose dust had all been blown away, leaving the roadway clean, and the rickshaw quickened his pace.17.我在学校读书的时候,有所谓“强迫运动”,我踢破过几双球鞋,打断过几只球拍。

因此侥幸维持下来最低限度的体力。

In my school days, in response to(作为回应)the so-called "compulsory physical exercises", i went in for many sports (参与许多运动)at the expense of(以.....作为代价)many pairs of sneakers and rackets, thus luckily building up a minimum of good Physique.18.身体好,学习好,工作好。

Keep fit, study well and work hard.19.但我相信,那种哀怨的无声的诉说,一定是一种生命的绝唱!Yet I believe those plaintive silent words must be masterpiece singing the praises of life!20.从她的回忆录可以看出她对那位导演始终会有一种复杂的感情21.Judging from what she wrote in her memoir,she always had mixed feelings for that director.22.于是,洗手的时候,日子从水盆里过去,吃饭的时候,日子从饭碗里过去,默默时,便从凝然的双眼前过去。

Thus ,the day flows away through the sink when I wash ma hands,wears off in the bowl when I eat my meal ,and passes away before my daydreaming gaze as I reflect in silence.23.天下第一鼓———陕北安塞腰鼓The Majestic Ansai Waist Drum Dance of Northern Shaanxi24.庵和春节时节一样静,白的墙和漆黑的门。

The convent was as peaceful as it had been that spring, with its white wall and shining black Gate.25.他俩像所有轻年的情侣那样天生好赌气,可末了,总是她来找她,一般不出一个星期,他很自信Like other young lovers they used to quarrel quite often ,but in the end ,within a week or so ,it was always she who would come to him first for reconciliation.he had been quite confident that this argument would end the same way.26.……大约那弹性的胖绅士早在我的空处胖开了他的右半身子。

... no doubt the elastic fat gentleman had expanded his right side into the space I vacated.27.西风,秋水,雁阵,衔着落日的远山,交融在一起,更增添打猎者的无限兴致。

An autumn stream ruffled by(弄皱)the west wind, and the lines of wild geese set against the background of distant mountains embracing the sinking sun, harmoniously merged to enhance the joy of hunters.28.我接着便有许多话,想要连珠一般涌出……但又觉得被什么挡着似的,单在脑里面回旋,吐不出口外去。

After this there were so many things I wanted to talk about, they should have poured out like a string of beads ... But I wastongue-tied, unable to put all I was thinking into words.29.去的尽管去了,来的尽管来着,去来的中间,又怎样地匆匆呢?Those that have gone have gone for good,those to come keep coming ,yet in between,how swift is the shift,in such a rush.30.布衣疏食wear coarse clothes and eat simple food31.一大半人的嘴不自觉地张开,不时还漏出“啧!啧!”的赞叹声。

Many people's mouths gaped open without their being aware of it, and all the while there were clucks of admiration from the crowd.32.孔子谓:“季氏八佾舞于庭,是可忍也,孰不可忍也。

”Master Kung said of the head of the Chi family when he had eight teams of dancers performing in his courtyard. If this man can be endured, who cannot be endured!33.一见面是寒暄,寒暄之后说我“胖了”,说我“胖了”之后即大骂其新党。

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