2010年欧盟口译司复试
欧盟口译司复述材料原文
欧盟口译司复述材料原文
【提纲】
一、前言
二、复述材料原文概述
三、复述材料原文的主要内容
四、复述材料原文的挑战与应对策略
五、结论
欧盟口译司复述材料原文，旨在为我国读者提供关于欧盟口译司的详尽信息。
本文首先介绍了欧盟口译司的背景和职责，以及复述材料原文的目的和意义。
接着，概述了复述材料原文的范围和内容。
复述材料原文涉及多个领域，包括政治、法律、经济、社会和科技等。
在政治领域，欧盟口译司负责欧洲议会、欧盟理事会、欧洲委员会和欧洲对外行动署的会议口译。
在法律领域，口译司需对欧盟法律进行口译和解释，以及为欧洲法院提供庭审口译。
在经济领域，口译司涉及欧盟经济政策、金融监管、欧洲中央银行等方面的会议口译。
在社会领域，口译司关注欧盟社会政策，以及教育和文化领域的口译工作。
在科技领域，口译司需处理欧盟科技创新政策，以及欧洲航天局的会议口译等。
面对复述材料原文中的挑战，如语言多样性和专业术语的处理，口译质量和效率的平衡，技术创新对欧盟口译司的影响等，本文提出了相应的应对策略。
例如，加强语言技能的培训，提高口译质量和效率，以及关注技术创新带来的机遇和挑战。
此外，文章还介绍了欧盟口译司选拔优秀口译员的培训和选
拔机制。
总之，本文对复述材料原文进行了全面梳理，突显了欧盟口译司在多个领域的重要作用。
大家网2010年3月高级口译真题(完整版)
2010年3月高级口译真题（完整版）点击下载MP3 (1)SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (1)SECTION 2: READING TEST (2)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes) (9)SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST (9)SECTION 5: READING TEST (30 minutes) (10)SECTION 6: TRANSLATION TEST (30 MINUTES) (14)2010年秋季口译复习资料（热点话题、词汇、音频等）汇总下载 (14)点击下载MP3SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTPart A SPOT DICTATIONYou probably know that asthma can cause breathing problems, so can kids with asthma play sports. ________(1). Being active and playing sports is an especially good idea if you have asthma. Why? Because it can ________(2). So they work better.Some athletes with asthma have done more than developed stronger lungs. They've played ________(3) and they've even won medals at the Olympic Games. Some sports are less likely to bother a person's asthma.________(4) are less likely to trigger flare-ups and so are sports like baseball, football and gymnastics.In some sports, you need to ________.(5) These activities may be harder for people with asthma. They ________ (6) long-distance running, cycling, soccer, basketball, cross-country skiing, ________(7). But that doesn't mean you can't play these sports if ________(8). In fact, many athletes with asthma have found that with the ________(9), they can do any sport they choose.But before playing sports, it's important that your asthma is ________(10). That means you are having lots of ________(11). To make this happen, it's very important that you ________ (12)just as your doctor tells you to. Even when ________(13), your doctor will also tell you other things you can do to avoid flare-ups. This may mean ________(14) when there is a lot of pollen in the air. wearing ________(15) when you play outside during the winter. Or making sure you always have time for ________(16).Make sure your coach and teammates know about your asthma. That way, they will understand if you ________ (17)because of breathing trouble. It's also helpful if your coach ________(18) if you have a flare-up. Listen to your body, and ________(19) your doctor gave you for handling breathing problems. And if you can keep your asthma in good control, you will be in the game and ________(20)!Part B.Questions 1 to 51. For which of the following factors did the man move out of New York city at first?2. What happens to the man's mother when she took her granddaughter to a show?3. How does the man's wife feel about living in the city?4. Apart from the interesting people, which other thing did the man like about big cities?5. The man and his family have lived in several places, which of the following is not one of these places? Question 6-10Q6: Which of the following statements is true about British Prime Minister's proposal?Q7: At what percentage did real GDP of Cananda increase in the third quarter of the year?Q8: What did the Dubai government decide to do on Thursday?Q9: Why did an estimated three thousand people march in central Geneve's main shopping street?Q10: What casualties did the derailment of an express train cause inRussia?Question 11-15Q11 According to the man being interviewed, what's the function of fengshui?Q12 What background does the man have?Q13 According to the man, there is fengshui in many parts of the world, which of the following is not one of the places that he mentions in the interview?Q14 Which of the following is a good example of fengshui being huge in the U. S?Q15 Which of the following of the statements is true about the man being interviewed?Question 16-20Q16 According to the talk, who is arrested recently for spanking a 5-year old boy?Q17 What does Mr. Dale Cover believe about spanking?Q18 Which of the following statements is true according the majority view among the parents in the New York University survey?Q19 Which of the following views do most experts probably disagree with?Q20 What percentage of parents in the United States today say they use corporal punishment?SECTION 2: READING TESTQuestion 1-5On the worst days, Chris Keehn used to go 24 hours without seeing his daughter with her eyes open. A soft-spoken tax accountant in Deloitte’s downtown Chicago office, he hated saying no when she asked for a ride to preschool. By November, he’d had enough. “I realized that I can have control of this,” he says with a small shrug. Keehn, 33, met with two of the firm’s partners and his senior manager, telling them he needed a change. They went for it. In January, Keehn started telecommuting four days a week, and when Kathryn, 4, starts T-ball this summer, he will be sitting along the baseline.In this economy, Keehn’s move might sound like hopping onto the mommy track—or off the career track. But he’s actually making a shrewd move. More and more, companies are searching for creative ways to save—by experimenting with reduced hours or unpaid furloughs or asking employees to move laterally. The up-or-out model, in which employees have to keep getting promoted quickly or get lost, may be growing outmoded. The changing expectations could persist after the economy reheats. Companies are increasingly supporting more natural growth, letting employees wend their way upward like climbing vines. It’s a shift, in other words, from a corporate ladder to the career-path metaphor long preferred by Deloitte vice chair Cathy Benko: a lattice.At Deloitte, each employee’s lattice is nailed together during twice-a-year evaluations focused not just on career targets but also on larger life goals. An employee can request to do more or less travel or client service, say, or to move laterally into a new role—changes that may or may not come with a pay cut. Deloitte’s data from 2008 suggest that about 10% of employees choose to “dial up” or “dial down” at any given time. Deloitte’s Mass Career Customization (MCC) program began as a way to keep talented women in the workforce, but it has quickly become clear that women are not the only ones seeking flexibility. Responding to millennials demanding better work-life balance, young parents needing time to share child-care duties and boomers looking to ease gradually toward retirement, Deloitte is scheduled to roll out MCC to all 42,000 U.S. employees by May 2010. Deloitte executives are in talks with more than 80 companies working on similar programs.Not everyone is on board. A 33-year-old Deloitte senior manager in a southeastern office, who works half-dayson Mondays and Fridays for health reasons and requested anonymity because she was not authorized to speak on the record, says one “old school” manager insisted on scheduling meetings when she wouldn’t be in the office. “He was like, ‘Yeah, I know we have the program,’ “she recalls, “‘but I don’t really care.’”Deloitte CEO Barry Salzberg admits he’s still struggling to convert “nonbelievers,” but says they are the exceptions. The recession provides an incentive for companies to design more lattice-oriented careers. Studies show telecommuting, for instance, can help businesses cut real estate costs 20% and payroll 10%. What’s more, creating a flexible workforce to meet staffing needs in a changing economy ensures that a company will still have legs when the market recovers. Redeploying some workers from one division to another—or reducing their salaries—is a whole lot less expensive than laying everyone off and starting from scratch.Young employees who dial down now and later become managers may reinforce the idea that moving sideways on the lattice doesn’t mean getting sidelined. “When I saw other people doing it,” says Keehn, “I thought I could try.” As the compelling financial incentives for flexibility grow clearer, more firms will be forced to give employees that chance. Turns out all Keehn had to do was ask.1. The author used the example of Chris Keehn _____.(A) to show how much he loved his daughter and the family(B) to tell how busy he was working as a tax accountant(C) to introduce how telecommuting changed the traditional way of working(D) to explore how the partners of a company could negotiate and cooperate smoothly2. What is the major purpose of shifting from a corporate ladder to the career path of lattice?(A) To take both career targets and larger life goals of employees into consideration.(B) To find better ways to develop one’s career in response to economic crisis.(C) To establish expectations which could persist after the economy reheats.(D) To create ways to keep both talented women and men in the workforce.3. The expression “on board” in the sentence “Not everyone is on board.” (para. 4) means _____.(A) going to insist on old schedules(B) concerned about work-life balance(C) ready to accept the flexible working system(D) accustomed to the changing working arrangement4. Which of the following is NOT the possible benefit of lattice-oriented careers for businesses?(A) reducing the costs on real estate.(B) cutting the salaries of employees.(C) forming a flexible workforce to meet needs in a changing economy.(D) keeping a workforce at the minimal level.5. According to the passage, the idea that “moving sideways on the lattice doesn’t mean getting sidelined”______.(A) would discourage employees from choosing telecommuting(B) might encourage more employees to apply for flexible work hours(C) would give employees more chances for their professional promotion(D) could provide young employees with more financial incentivesQuestions 6-10Right now, there’s little that makes a typical American taxpayer more resentful than the huge bonuses being dispersed at Wall Street firms. The feeling that something went terribly wrong in the way the financial sector is run—and paid—is widespread. It’s worth recalling that the incentive structures now governing executive pay in much of the corporate world were hailed as a miracle of human engineering a generation ago when they focused once-complacent ECOs with laser precision on steering companies toward the brightest possible futures.So now there’s a lot of talk about making incentives smarter. That may improve the way companies or banks are run, but only temporarily. The inescapable flaw in incentives, as 35 years of research shows, is that they get you exactly what you pay for, but it never turns out to be what you want. The mechanics of why this happens are pretty simple: Out of necessity, incentives are often based on an index of the thing you care about—like sound corporate leadership—that is easily measured. Share price is such an index of performance. Before long, however, people whose livelihoods are based on an index will figure out how to manipulate it—which soon makes the index a much less reliable barometer. Once share price determines the pay of smart people, they’ll find a way to move it up without improving—and in some cases by jeopardizing—their company.Incentives don’t just fail; they often backfire. Swiss economists Bruno Frey (University of Zurich) and Felix Oberholzer-Gee (Harvard Business School) have shown that when Swiss citizens are offered a substantial cash incentive for agreeing to have a toxic waste dump in their community, their willingness to accept the facility falls by half. Uri Gneezy (U.C. San Diego’s Rady School of Management) and Aldo Rustichini (University of Minnesota) observed that when Israeli day-care centers fine parents who pick up their kids late, lateness increases. And James Heyman (University of St. Thomas) and Dan Ariely (Duke’s Fuqua School of Business) showed that when people offer passers-by a token payment for help lifting a couch from a van, they are less likely to lend a hand than if they are offered nothing.What these studies show is that incentives tend to remove the moral dimension from decision-making. The day-care parents know they ought to arrive on time, but they come to view the fines as a fee for a service. Once a payoff enters the picture, the Swiss citizens and passersby ask, “What’s in my best interest?” The question they ask themselves when money isn’t part of the equation is quite different: “What are my responsibilities to my country and to other people?” Despite our abiding faith in incentives as a way to influence behavior. in a positive way, they consistently do the reverse.Some might say banking has no moral dimension to take away. Bankers have always been interested in making money, and they probably always will be, but they’ve traditionally been well aware of their responsibilities, too. Bankers worried about helping farmers get this year’s seed into the ground. They worried about helping a new business get off to a strong start or a thriving one to expand. They worried about a couple in their 50s having enough to retire on, and about one in their 30s taking on too big a mortgage. These bankers weren’t saints, but they served the dual masters of profitability and community service.In case you think this style. of banking belongs to a horse-and-buggy past, consider credit unions and community development banks. Many have subprime mortgage portfolios that remain healthy to this day. In large part, that’s because they approve loans they intend to keep on their books rather than securitizing and selling them to drive up revenue, which would in turn boost annual bonuses. And help bring the world economy to its knees.At the Group of 20 gathering in September, France and Germany proposed strict limits on executive pay. The U.S. Now has a pay czar, who just knocked down by half the compensation of 136 executives. But the absolute amounts executives are paid may be inconsequential. Most people want to do right. They want their work to improve the lives of others. As Washington turns its sights on reforms for the financial sector, it just might consider nudging the industry’s major players away from the time-dishonored tradition of incentives and toward compensation structures that don’t strip the moral dimension away from the people making big decisions.6. According to the passage, the incentive structures governing today’s executive pay in the corporate world_____.(A) are perfect and shall be continued(B) have gone wrong somewhere and should be remedied(C) are with inescapable flaws and must be stopped(D) have fundamentally improved the corporate management7. Which of the following best paraphrases the sentence “Incentives don’t just fail; they often backfire.” (para. 3)?(A) Incentives cannot promote the management of companies and banks; they often lead to corporate bankruptcy.(B) Incentives are only material stimulation, they can be used to destroy human morality.(C) Incentives do not achieve desired results, moreover, they often produce negative effect.(D) Incentives do not treat everything in terms of money and they are often used to change human mentality.8. According to the passage, with the current incentive structures, the rising of share prices _____.(A) is surely the reliable barometer of a company’s performances(B) will endanger the company and do harm to the share holders(C) is often driven up by corporate managers to boost their bonuses(D) proves the necessity of reforms for the financial sector9. The author introduced the “dual masters of profitability and community service” of the traditional bankers _____.(A) to support the view that “banking has no moral dimension”(B) to prove that bankers have always been interested in making money(C) to display that the traditional banking is healthier and more successful(D) to argue that bankers could be saints so long as they serve the community10. Which of the following can be the major conclusion of the author?(A) Strict limits should be imposed by the government on executive pay.(B) The time-dishonored tradition of incentive structures could jeopardize companies.(C) The financial sector could be reformed on the basis of compensation structures.(D) The moral dimension should be separated from incentive structures.Questions 11-15Quick quiz: Who has a more vitriolic relationship with the US? The French or the British. If you guessed the French, consider this: Paris newspaper polls show that 72 percent of the French hold a favorable impression of the United States. Yet UK polls over the past decade show a lower percentage of the British have a favorable impression of the United States.Britain’s highbrow newspaper, The Guardian, sets the UK’s intellectual tone. On any given day you can easily read a handful of stories sniping at the US and things American. The BBC’s Radio 4, which is a domestic news and talk radio station, regularly laments Britain’s social warts and follows them up with something that has become the national mantra, “Well, at least we’re not as bad as the Americans.”This isn’t a new trend: British abhorrence of America antedates George W. Bush and the invasion of Iraq. On 9/11 as the second plane was slamming into the World Trade Center towers my wife was on the phone with an English friend of many years. In the background she heard her friend’s teenage son shout in front of the TV, “Yeah! The Americans are finally getting theirs.” The animosity may be unfathomable to those raised to think ofBritain as “the mother country” for whom we fought two world wars and with whom we won the cold war.So what’s it all about?I often asked that during the years I lived in London. One of the best answers came from an Englishwoman with whom I shared a table for coffee. She said, “It’s because we used to be big and important and we aren’t any more. Now it’s America that’s big and important and we can never forgive you for that.” A detestation of things American has become as dependable as the tides on the Thames rising and falling four times a day. It feeds a flagging British sense of national self-importance.A new book documenting the virulence of more than 30 years of corrosive British animosity reveals how deeply rooted it has become in the UK’s national psyche. “[T]here is no reasoning with people who have come to believe America is now a ‘police state’ and the USA is a ‘disgrace across most of the world,’” writes Carol Gould, an American expatriate novelist and journalist, in her book “Don’t Tread on Me.”A brief experience shortly after George W. Bush’s invasion of Iraq illustrates that. An American I know was speaking on the street in London one morning. Upon hearing his accent, a British man yelled, “Take your tanks and bombers and go back to America.” Then the British thug punched him repeatedly. No wonder other American friends of mine took to telling locals they were from Canada. The local police recommended prosecution. But upon learning the victim was an American, crown prosecutors dropped the case even though the perpetrator had a history of assaulting foreigners.The examples of this bitterness continue:I recall my wife and I having coffee with a member of our church. The woman, who worked at Buckingham Palace, launched a conversation with, “Have you heard the latest dumb American joke?” which incidentally turned out to be a racial slur against blacks. It’s common to hear Brits routinely dismiss Americans as racists (even with an African-American president), religious nuts, global polluters, warmongers, cultural philistines, and as intellectual Untermenschen.The United Kingdom’s counterintelligence and security agency has identified some 5,000 Muslim extremists in the UK but not even they are denounced with the venom directed at Americans. A British office manager at CNN once informed me that any English high school diploma was equal to an American university degree. This predilection for seeing evil in all things American defies intellect and reason. By themselves, these instances might be able to be brushed off, but combined they amount to British bigotry.Oscar Wilde once wrote, “The English mind is always in a rage.” But the energy required to maintain that British rage might be better channeled into paring back what the Economist (a British news magazine) calls “an overreaching, and inefficient state with unaffordable aspirations around the world.” The biggest problem is that, as with all hatred, it tends to be self-destructive. The danger is that as such, it perverts future generations.The UK public’s animosity doesn’t hurt the United States if Americans don’t react in kind. This bigotry does hurt the United Kingdom, however, because there is something sad about a society that must denigrate and malign others to feed its own self-esteem. What Britain needs to understand is that this ill will has poisoned the enormous reservoir of good will Britain used to enjoy in America. And unless the British tweak their attitude, they stand to become increasingly irrelevant to the American people.11. Which of the following is NOT the example given by the author to show the British abhorrence of America?(A) A boy shouted “The Americans are finally getting theirs.” when watching TV on 9/11.(B) A woman working at Buckingham Palace told an American joke against blacks.(C) An American speaking on a London street was punched and no prosecution followed.(D) An English author once wrote, “the English mind is always in a rage.”12. The word “animosity” used in the passage can best be replaced by _____.(A) strong hatred (B) total indifference(C) great sympathy (D) sheer irrelevance13. The author quoted from the American novelist Carol Gould’s book _____.(A) to reveal how America has become a police state(B) to expand on the British attitude to America(C) to explain the changing course of British mentality to America(D) to document the past 30 years of relationship between Britain and America14. The author argues that the UK public opinion about America will _____.(A) undermine the relations between the UK and the US(B) be self-destructive to Great Britain(C) destroy the self-esteem of both the UK and the US(D) hurt the United States except the United Kingdom15. What is the best title for the passage?(A) “Police state”: America in the eyes of the UK public(B) “The mother country”: Britain and America fought two world wars(C) The British national psyche of self-importance(D) The ally the British love to hateQuestions 16-20History may soon become extinct in our secondary schools, only less missed and less lamented than before. A new study by the Historical Association found that 3 out of 10 comprehensives no longer bother to teach the subject, which isn’t part of the core curriculum after the age of 13. Only 30 per cent do GCSE history. The researchers interviewed 700 history teachers. Most British kids can name every contestant appearing in The X Factor, but a substantial number don’t know about the Battle of Trafalgar, 20 per cent believe the Germans, Spanish or Americans once occupied Britain and some think Winston Churchill was the first man to walk on the moon.And who were the dunces who decided to make this subject optional? Why the Tories when last they ruled over us. That was then. Today’s Tories are ardent History Boys, eager to return to the days when the past was hammered into the heads of the young, or embellished tales of glory to give British children an inheritance of innate superiority. Michael Gove, Shadow Schools Secretary for Children, has been banging on about this for a while and earlier this year the Tory Andrew Rosindell raised the issue in parliament, but regrettably turned a serious debate into brassy, right-wing patriotism: “The peoples of these magnificent British Isles...have a rich and proud history like no other”. Really, sir? So Fat Henry and his sorry wives or Churchill only have to stand up to blank out the histories of Egypt, Turkey, Mexico, Austria, Greece, India, France, Iran and other old lands? Many of us who long passionately for the reinstatement of history as a core GCSE subject are now concerned about the substance and purpose behind the Tory plans to do just that. They have a burning desire to use history as a feelgood hallucinogen, get its band of revisionist stars to head up the cavalry, to lead us back to the future. As this prospect approaches, at times I think the current state of ignorance may prove to be less harmful. When politicians exploit these and turn them into propaganda, the results can be lethal.We are not immune. Thousands of Britons today swallow the BNP’s message and vote for racist views, thus betraying the legacy of their iconic war against Nazism and the millions of Indians, Africans, Chinese, Caribbeans and others who fought with this country in both world wars. When the BBC hosts these blackguards on its most prestigious programmes and uses democracy as an excuse, it too is guilty of treacherous historicalamnesia. Arguably, the lack of good historical education makes our citizens more open to neo-Nazi brain-washers. Young Muslims too, are easily plucked off by charismatic Islamicists who weave fictionalised accounts of splendiferous Islamic epochs when they did no wrong and brought paradise to earth.There is another disconcerting trend. Britain is deeply conservative and these days looks back longingly to the Tudors, Georgians, Victorians, Edwardians, wartime Britons, and now the Sixties. Showman historians provide our public with an entertaining and comforting view of what has gone before. Audiences are never really forced to question things or feel troubled. If we are to reinstate history as a key subject in secondary schools, we must do so with a better understanding of its impact, and design the syllabus to tell as full a story as possible of this complicated nation and its connections to the world. Few in power have the imagination to take up this challenge because that would be too tricky. Yet our children have a right to learn about British fascism as well as the battles and ultimate victory over Hitler; they need to be taught about how this country set up the endless conflict in Palestine, and the mistakes made by the British government when Zimbabwe was created. Hardly anyone over 20 in Britain knows this. The coming generations surely must, if only to understand the games played during the bitter Cold War, particularly as we may be returning to those days.The long neglected positive aspects of our history also need to be exhumed. As left-wing historians often point out, the hard-won democratic rights we enjoy were not bestowed by kings and the landed gentry, but were wrested by oppressed peasants, industrial working classes and the abject poor. Most black, Asian and Arab British children do not know about the many white anti-Imperialist MPs and an alarming number are woefully ignorant of the erudite Arabists who loved the Middle East and its many cultures. If we had known better the history of Iraq and Afghanistan, our government might have avoided the foolhardy and disastrous interventions that have left us with no credit. I write here as one of the ignoramuses. I was not taught anything about Afghanistan and have only now started to understand a little more about the people and the places.Oscar Wilde wrote: “The one duty we owe to history is to rewrite it”. And having rewritten it as honestly as possible, to teach it to those who will inherit our land.16. When the author says “today’s Tories are ardent History Boys” (para. 2), he implies that _____.(A) the Tories should be responsible for having made the subject of history optional(B) the Tories have realised the mistakes they made in the past(C) the Tories plan to resume the course of history in secondary education(D) the Tories want to use history to gain back the ruling power of the country17. Which of the following is true?(A) Winston Churchill was a statesman in the 20th century British history.(B) The Germans, Spanish or Americans once occupied Britain.(C) British fascism led to the ultimate victory over Hitler in World War II.(D) The Battle of Trafalgar was fought in the Trafalgar Square in London.18. The passage mentions the histories of Egypt, Turkey, Mexico, Austria, Greece, India, France, Iran and other old lands _____.(A) to support the right-wing patriotism of the Tory Andrew Rosindell(B) to show the proud history of Great Britain over the past centuries(C) to question the right-wing patriotism of the Tory Andrew Rosindell(D) to agree with the Tories on the interpretation of the British history19. Which of the following is not the author’s major concern about the reinstatement of history as a core GCSE subject?。
2010年中国政法大学中欧法学院硕士项目复试面试试题
Questions for entrance exam2010Question1to10by Prof.Hinrich Julius1.A new tort law was approved in December2009by the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress of China,regulating liabilities for a range of circumstances, for example traffic accidents,medical accidents,work-related injuries,pollution.Many of the substantial issues regulated in this new law are already object of regulations in other laws and regulations as well as court interpretations.For example the duty to compensate emotional damages was already acknowledged by the Supreme Court in 2002,a liability for environmental pollution does already exist in Chinas“General Principles of Civil Law”from1987and several specific laws and the product-liability is already regulated in the Food Safety Law and the Law on Liability for Product Quality. Critics argue that the law does not introduce new substantial matters in the field of tort law.What are the major arguments for a central regulation like this,even though in some fields it only repeats already existing laws,regulations and interpretations?2.In December2009Akhmal Shaikh,a British citizen of Pakistani origin,was the first European being executed in China in more than50years.He was arrested atÜrümqi International Airport in December2007carrying4kilograms of Heroin hidden in his baggage.It seems that Central Asian drug smugglers,using his delusional ambitions to become a pop star in China,convinced him to take a suitcase with heroin on board a plane into China.In the court proceedings he first declared himself mentally sane and later pleaded for an examination on mental disorder.With the argumentation that under Chinese law necessary evidence of earlier mental health problems could not be provided, a specific examination of his health did not take place.In spite of many efforts by an international organization working against the death penalty“Reprieve”and the British government Shaikh was executed on December29th2009.This case was discussed widely in the international press.Which arguments could be used to criticize this court decision?What are the arguments in favor of the deciding court and the Chinese Government?3.In2010the Greece is having difficulties to refinance its public debt.More than35 billion€need to be refinanced ernment bonds early in2010had to pay an interest rate of6,25%,a rate around3%higher than Germany would have to accept. The European Union Treaty contains a so called“no bailout clause”,meaning that the member states are not responsible for debt of other members.Possible solutions to the debt crisis of Greece(and possibly other highly indebted European countries)are bilateral agreements with other member states to support future fiscal policy,an intervention of the European Central Bank(which does not yet have the power to react) or an intervention of the International Monetary Fund.Furthermore Greece will have to decide on budget reforms.Please discuss advantages and disadvantages of each of these reactions.4.A European Company wants to invest in China.Having read a lot about“rule of law”and the relevance of personal contacts(“guanxi”)its representative in Beijing does not know how to proceed?Contacts with relevant people,company structure,necessary licenses,work permits,finding premises and finding staff are all very important.How would you structure his next steps?What needs to be done first and what can wait? What is more important than other things?5.Conflicts among neighbors are known in China and Europe.Greater legal problems can especially be seen,when these neighbors are owners of the respective flats.The Chinese property law(and comparable legislations in other countries)regulates possible conflicts(decoration work,remodeling,repairs,usage of common ground,parking spaces,noise,pets…).Without detailed knowledge of the regulations,which possible means of solving conflicts(or making common decisions)do you see in a compound of 200flats and families plus15commercial units plus a parking ground owned by the managing company?6.Medical malpractice was an important issue during the drafting of the new Chinese Tort Law.Please take two typical cases as examples to discuss necessary areas of regulation.a)A healthy middle aged man is brought to the hospital due to an accident on his way to work.A broken joint was diagnosed and he has to stay in the hospital.Two days later he dies.His wife does not know why nor can she get any information from the hospital.b)A patient is treated in a hospital and with all possible care no reason for his disease could be found.Only an examination of his body after his death gives the necessary information that could have saved his life.7.Medical malpractice was an important issue during the drafting of the new Chinese Tort Law.Please take two typical cases as examples to discuss necessary areas of regulation.a)In an understaffed hospital the doctors and nurses give their best to provide care for all patients.Due to the error of one doctor after too long working hours,a false medication was prescribed to a patient that damages his health.b)Without information of the patient a new medication is given to him by the hospital,which leads to severe damages.8.The property market in China is booming.Seller and buyer of an apartment do need a secure and safe way to sell and buy.Agreement,transfer of money,transfer of ownership and transfer of the apartment itself needs to be organized.All countries of the world have different regulations on the organization of the actions.Please discuss possible safe ways to organize the sale of an apartment(How to insure,that the seller receives the purchase price?How to insure that the buyers becomes owner of the apartment?).9.Please discuss the relationship of car insurance and regulations regarding traffic accidents.Tort Laws in all countries of the world regulate the liability of car drivers hurting other traffic participants.Why do many countries know mandatory car insurance against accidents?Why do most countries have ceilings on the maximum amounts to be covered by these insurances?10.Every country of this world has some form of insolvency proceedings.An enterprise insolvency law is in effect in China since June2007.Why is it necessary to regulate insolvency proceedings in a market economy and what needs to be regulated?Question11to15by Prof.Wang Jianxun11.It is widely reported that the State Council is making an ordinance on expropriation, which would regulate the takeover of private property under the condition of public interest.But practitioners,experts,and the ordinary people do not agree upon the meaning and scope of public interest.Could you propose an approach to define public interest to shed some light on the debate?12.Some have recently argued that the household registration system(the hukou system) should not be dismantled primarily because the government has no financial capability of providing the same welfare benefits for the rural people as those enjoyed by the urban residents.Do you,as a legal analyst,agree with this argument and reasoning?Why?13.Quite a few metropolitans,including Beijing,are enforcing a policy of prohibiting or limiting automobiles to run on certain dates to mitigate traffic jam.One supporting reason for the enforcement of this policy is that the majority of the people surveyed uphold it.Do you think that the policy is consistent with the current Chinese laws and the Constitution of1982?Can the majority support of the policy help justify it?14.In the past few years,a number of citizens have been arrested for disseminating rumors on the internet,including the case of earthquake rumor in Shanxi province a few months ago.In your view,should rumors be under the protection of the freedom of speech provided in the Chinese Constitution?Why?15.Some legal scholars maintain that the Chinese courts ought not to practice judicial review,partially because,according to the Chinese Constitution,the authority to interpret the Constitution is exclusively assigned to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress,which implies that the courts have no authority to perform the task of constitutional interpretation.How do you evaluate this argument and reasoning?Question16to24by Prof.Pissler16.Please describe shortly the legislative system of the PRC.Which state organs are involved from the drafting of a new law to the promulgation?17.What are the legal devices of a Chinese citizen to challenge the decision of a state organ to reject the application to issue a specific administrative act(e.g.the permission to establish a company)?18.Explain the difference between contractual obligations and obligations arising from tortious acts.19.What is the importance of the concept of limited liability in business organizations(e.g. in a limited liability company)?Under which circumstances should there be exceptions to the concept of limited liability?20.Please explain why there is a potential conflict of interests between shareholders and managers in most legal forms of business organizations.21.Please explain the differences between mediation/conciliation,arbitration and court proceedings.22.What is the characteristic of non-profit organisations(as opposed to for-profit organisations)and which forms of these organisations are available under Chinese law?23.What idea stands behind the concept of res judicata(unappealability of a judgement etc.)and why is this concept challenged in China?24.What is the role of the Supreme Peoples’Court of the PRC in the court system and the legislative system in China?Question25to29by Prof.Colneric25.Imagine a country in which discrimination on grounds of sex is prohibited.An employer dismissed a woman because she is pregnant.Is this discrimination on grounds of sex?26.Imagine a country in which discrimination on grounds of sex is prohibited.A municipality in that country does not admit women to its fire brigade.Is this discrimination on grounds of sex?27.Imagine a country in which discrimination on grounds of age is prohibited.An airline company dismisses all the pilots that have reached the age of55.Is this discrimination on grounds of age?28.Imagine a country in which discrimination on grounds of disability is prohibited.A woman who suffers from a skin disease affecting her face was not employed by a company because of this.Is this discrimination on grounds of disability?29.Imagine a country which prescribes the principle of equal pay for male and female workers for equal work or work of equal value.In a company full time workers get extra vacation payment.Part time workers do not receive such payment.90%of the part time workers and40%of the full time workers are women.Has the company infringed the above mentioned principle?Question30by Prof.Fang Liufang30.In China,a law diploma is not required as a condition to attend the state judicial examination(国家司法考试).Given this circumstance,why should you attend the law school?。
欧盟口译司的证书更有分量
欧盟口译司的证书更有分量国际共声翻译协会(International Association of Consultant Interpreters，简称AIIC)那一言业组织。
当协会建立于1953年，IACI的*身份被普遍以为是会议口译员的最下专业认证。
要加进IACI，务必到整日造的会议口译专业进修二年，弃得高档翻译学院的硕士白凭，到场工作先，必须干谦150天的国际会议，并常常遵照口译学会专业品德标准，此外，必须有3个以上，会龄在5年以上的资淡*做保障人，担保人必须和您在一个大组并肩工作功。
演绎伏来，参加IACI没有须要考试，IACI履行的是更为严厉的偕行在工作外对于你的检查。
欧盟口译认证JICS(European Commission JointInterpreting and Conference Service)，设在比利时的都城布鲁塞我。
它在85年引入中国，与内政部和商务部签署框架协定，旨在辅助中国造就高级翻译人材，特殊是同传。
挑选顺序是后由各费择劣推举，参加提拔的口译人员的条件为25岁到30岁，有3年相干工作教训及英语专业标科以上学历。
需求通过始试，单试和最初的口试。
现在只要英语和法语两个语种。
理论上，世界最大的口译团队不在结合国，而是在欧盟委员会。
欧委会口译总司仅侧式招聘的异翻译员就有远500实，可以把英语译成19种语行。
欧盟与尔国签定协议,怎么进聊天室网址，依照许诺，欧盟每一年要为中国培育必定数目的译员，中国常驻世界商业组织大使孙振宇就是此中的佼佼者。
据参加过培训的学员先容，欧盟特地重视说话品质，在乎时态用法，和言语能否通畅流利。
因为欧盟成员国的很多国民都懂至多两门里语，欧委会的翻译必须译得十分隧道，让母语国家的人听得舒畅,妞妞基地。
以是可以道，欧盟口译司的证书更有重量，其易度也不可思议。
添放大口译和笔译事情者委员会(Canadian Translators and Interpreters Council,简称CTIC)，认真实行天下同一尺度的翻译职业认证考试。
中高级口译2010年新闻题回顾
中高级口译2010年新闻题回顾+2011年春季新闻题预测by Traivs.P （新东方口译研究中心）时间2010年3月实考2010年9月实考2011年3月预测Q1 Copenhagen Launch Fund 哥本哈根启动基金Banks slash business loan紧缩信贷Global economy into the recovery,stock复苏中的全球经济世界股市Q2 Canadian economic recovery 加拿大经济复苏Trade between EU and LatinAmerica欧盟与拉美的贸易President Hu’s visit to U.S.orDPRK胡锦涛访美朝核问题Q3 Dubai World’s delay on debtrepayment迪拜世界拖欠债务Plane crash in Libya利比亚空难Pirates in Somalia Riots in Egypt索马里海盗埃及骚乱Q4 Demonstration against WTO ministerial meetingWTO部长级会议遭抗议Retailer sees a rise in its quarterly profits.零售商利润增长Oil spill in the Gulf of Mexicoor ecological problem墨西哥石油泄露生态环境问题Q5 Ban Ki-moon’s condolences 潘基文慰问遇难者Financial regulation in Germany金融监管打击投机The fallout of Iraqi War，Medical Reform奥巴马的撤军政策&内政，医保附“中高级口译常见新闻英语词汇合集”Accord: agreement 协议，条约≈treaty；protocolAir: to make known, broadcast 广播，播放Assail: To criticize strongly 谴责Axe: To dismiss from a job; To cut, destroy, take away 大幅削减Back: To support 支持≈embraceBalk: To refuse to accept 拒绝；阻碍Ban: Prohibition; prohibit 禁止Bar: Not to allow, exclude 排外；禁止Bid: Attempt, offer 企图；努力in a bid to…Bilk: To cheat 欺骗≈swindleBlast: Explosion; strong criticism; To criticize strongly; strike with explosives爆炸；严厉批评Blaze: Fire 火；火焰Blow: Injury / disappointment suffered 遭受到的不幸或打击Boost: Promotion/promote, increase, support 促进≈fuelChide: Ridicule 责骂；奚落Claim: To declare to be true; To kill 声称；夺命Clash: Dispute, violent argument, Battle (n.); To disagree strongly; fight (v.) 冲突Cool: Uninterested; unfriendly 冷漠≈indifferentCurb: Restraint, limit 限制；抑制Deadlock: A disagreement that cannot be settled 僵局≈stalemateDeal: Agreement 共识；协议Drive: Campaign, effort 运动；事业Due: Expected 到期；预计到Envoy: Diplomat 特使Eye: To watch with interest 凝视；盯着Face: Undergo 面临；经历Fault: To find in the wrong 找茬；吹毛求疵Feud: Dispute, strong disagreement 世代结仇；斗争Flay: To accuse; criticize strongly 严厉指责Foe: Opponent; enemy 敌人；仇敌；≈rivalFoil: To prevent from succeeding 阻挠Gems: Jewels 珠宝；珍宝Go-ahead: Approval 同意；许可Grab: Seize, win 抓住；赢得Grip: To take hold of 把握Gut: To destroy completely by fire 损毁（内部）；彻底烧毁Halt: Stop 停滞≈standstillHaul: Large quantity which has been stolen and later discovered 失而复得Head: To lead, direct 朝向Head off: To prevent 阻止Held: To restrict 限制Heist: Theft 抢夺Hit: To affect badly 打击Hold: To keep in police control; detain 拘留；拘押≈in custodyInk: To sign 签署≈put pen to…Jet: Aero plane 喷气飞机Jobless: Unemployed 失业Key: Essential, vital, very, important 关键≈crucial; pivotalKick off: To begin 开始Lash out: To criticize strongly; accuse 指责；控诉Laud: To praise 表彰≈acclaimLaunch: To begin 开启；启动Line: Position; demand 排列Link: To connect 连接Loom: Expected in the near future 隐约出现Loot: To take away of valuable goods unlawfully (v.); Stolen money or goods (n.) 洗劫；抢夺Man: RepresentativeNab: To capture 抢夺；盗窃Net: To total; To capture 总额；捕获Nod: Approval 同意Ordeal: Painful experience, drama 痛苦；严峻考验；折磨Office: An important government position 政府职位Opt: Choose; decide 选择opt for…Oust: To take power away from, push out, drive out, replace 驱逐；剥夺Output: Production 产出Pact: Agreement, treaty 协议Pay: Wages, salary 工资Pit: Coal mine 煤矿；坑Plea: Request for help 恳求Pledge: Promise 许诺≈make commitmentPlunge: Steep fall 暴跌Poised: Ready for action 泰然自若；平衡≈balancedPoll: Election, public opinion survey; Voting station 投票；公投Post: Position in government, business, etc.职位Press for: To demand, ask for 要求Probe: investigation 调查Prompt: To cause 促使Push: Encourage, support 鼓励；激励Quit: Leave, resign 放弃≈abort 废除Quiz: Question, interrogation 调查Rage: To burn out of control 激烈地进行；肆虐Raid: Attack, robbery 攻击，突击Rap: Accusation; charge; To criticize, reprimand 指责；指控Riddle: Mystery 谜Rock: To shock; to surprise 惊人Rout: To defeat completely 击溃；溃败Row: To quarrel, argument, dispute 争吵Rule: To decide (especially in court) 判决；裁决Rule out: To not consider as a possibility 排除Sack: Dismiss from a job 开除；下岗Sac k (from “ransack”): To search thoroughly and rob 洗劫Scare: Public alarm 恐慌≈panicSet: Decide on, ready 考虑，决定Slam: criticize 批评；抨击Smash: defeat 打败；重创Slay: To kill or murder 杀死≈annihilate 彻底消灭Snag: Problem; difficulty 意想不到的障碍Snub: To pay no attention to 冷落；怠慢Soar: To rise rapidly 飙升Solon: legislator 立法者≈legislator; Congressman; Law-maker Spark: To cause; to lead to action促使；导致≈trigger; prompt Split: To divide 分离Squeeze: Shortage, scarcity 紧锁Stalemate: A disagreement that cannot be settled 僵局≈dead lock Stall: Making no progress 使…停滞；陷入泥潭Stance: Attitude, way of thinking 立场Stem: To prevent or stop 阻止≈curbStorm: Angry reaction, dispute 暴怒；猛冲Strife: conflict 冲突Sway: To influence or persuade 动摇；影响Swindle: An unlawful way of getting money 诈骗≈fra ud; scam Switch: Change, deviation 变化Swoop: Sudden attack or raid 突袭；≈assault; forayTalks: discussion 谈判；negotiation; consultationThwart: To prevent from being successful 阻止；≈hinder, impede Ties: relations 关系；≈links; bondsTop: To exceed 超过; ≈surpass;Tot: Child 孩子Toddler 幼童Trim：To cut 削减；slash 大幅削减Trigger：To cause 导致，诱发；Urge: insist, strongly request 敦促；呼吁; call for..;Vie：To compete 竞争Void：To determine to be invalid 作废；使…无效；Vow：To promise 宣誓，pledge; swear;Walkout：Strike (often unofficial) ；stage a walkout 罢工Wed: To marry 结婚Wedlock: Marriage 婚姻Weigh：To consider 斟酌了、考虑《高口翻译教程》（第三版）热点课文推荐：英译汉部分：P85 Tough Labor Market in Western Countries P146 Venture Capital in the United StatesP170 General Provisions of Economic Contracts汉译英部分：P262 东方明珠广播电视塔P269 上海浦东新区P289 中国国际地毯交易会P343 涉外经济合同一般条款。
【免费下载】英语牛人同传之路 一年考进欧盟口译司震惊转载
如何用一年时间考上欧盟口译司【转】(震撼!)今天受到了欧盟口译司的录取通知以下告诉大家，我如何准备和通过考试的我的网名叫做jacky，大学在青岛市念书，4年，中国海洋大学的计算机科学与技术。
我并不象很多人那样关注现在的流行，超级女声、快乐男声，加油!好男儿、李宇春、张靓颖或者周笔畅，我甚至可能也不知道谁是全国7进6，8进7，我可能还不知道有关满城尽带黄金甲，巩俐和章子怡的最新消息，可是我却知道第六轮六方会谈的结果，我也知道中国暴雨洪灾的后果，受灾地区，我还有着一段值得人驻足的一段经历。
毕业之后工作两年，辞职孤单一人来到北京准备考研。
当初准备的是北外的高翻学院，也就是大家俗称的同传专业。
但是那时候除了看的是同传的高薪之外，还有自己提高自己的英语水平。
我一开始，英语程度也就是6级，但是经常锻炼口语，所以交流很流畅。
这是我惟一的优势，其他的，没有工作，计算机专业，看来都不是什么好事情。
可是我有着很多人没有的一样东西，那就是坚定的毅力，这是我后来能够成功被录取的最重要的一点。
从那年1月开始，我认真准备，但是当时对于高翻没有清晰的概念，所以很幼稚的觉得，把一套新东方推荐的60篇文章背诵下来，然后背诵GRE词汇就可以解决问题了。
结果，大概一个月之后，发现语言运用能力的确有所提高，但是要是参加考试远远不够，因为那时候开始接触《经济学家》，发现根本看不懂。
于是在网络上疯狂的搜索和高翻相关的内容，论坛、网站、blog等等，也开始获得了大量的信息，其中几个重要的网站在这里推荐一下：○如果你想要找一个最综合的口译资料资源练习方法的网站，就去这里看看/bbs/forumdisplay.php?fid=56○如果你还没有认真的看过经济学家,那考高翻就太困难了，经济学家师一定要看的，而且最好每天都看几篇。
经济学家中国：/forum/index.php○如果你要考北外，那么究一定要经常到北外专门的校内网去看看最新的消息，还有很多牛人在哪里发帖。
完整。2010年3月高级口译真题及答案
Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Today, we'll talk about what other effects watching TV might produce on children.Children should be _______ (1) a lot of television, many experts and parents agree, but there is at least one circumstance when it might be beneficial: _______ (2). A recent study conducted by Italian researchers found that children _______ (3) immediately preceding and during blood tests experienced less pain than children whose mothers _______ (4) during the procedure, or children whose mothers were present but _______ (5).The research, led by Carlo Brown, MD, at the University of Siena, is published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood, _______ (6) the study. None received any type of anesthesia; the children and their mothers _______ (7).Both the group whose mothers attempted to distract them from the blood tests and those whose mothers simply observed reported _______ (8) than the group who watched cartoons. For that group, the levels of pain were less and the children were better able to _______ (9).One of the possible explanations is that children might have _______ (10) during the procedures, exacerbating their perception of pain. "The higher pain level reported by children during _______ (11) shows the difficulty mothers have in interacting positively _______ (12) in their children's life," the authors write.However, they stressed that _______ (13) still provided benefits, noting that the children would _______ (14) during the procedures. "Indeed, children state that having their parent present _______ (15) when in pain," say the authors.Another possibility offered for consideration is the notion that the _______ (16) might release pain-quelling endorphins. Endorphins, _______ (17) produced by the pituitary gland, resemble opiates in their ability to produce analgesia and a sense of well-being. In other words, they might _______ (18).In any case, the study results suggest that health workers should _______ (19) to watch television during painful procedures _______ (20).Part B: Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) A change in French eating habits.(B) A boom in long-hour meals in France.(C) The origin of hamburgers.(D) The home of the sit-down mid-day meal.2. (A) A variation in food supply.(B) A change in the workforce.(C) A rise in food prices.(D) A fall in white-collarization.3. (A) Bakeries now offer a limited range of albeit excellent products.(B) There are about four kinds of bread, breakfast and dessert pastries.(C) Bakeries sell sandwiches mainly in the working-class areas.(D) France is currently witnessing a boom in sandwich business.4. (A) Men usually like to eat more hamburgers than women do in France.(B) Men, more likely to be working behind a jackhammer, need to eat so much.(C) Women make up almost half the labor force in France now.(D) Women have to pick up the children late from the day-care center.5. (A) Because the bakeries have adapted the idea of fast food and made it French products.(B) Because the bakeries have offered something that's very close to what is called fast food.(C) Because the hamburgers have ham and butter in them.(D) Because the hamburgers do not cost so much as those offered by McDonald.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6. (A) Three. (B) Four.(C) Eleven. (D) Eighteen7. (A) To intensify Tokyo's role in peacekeeping missions abroad.(B) To stop the country's air force transport mission in Iraq.(C) To override the lower house's decision.(D) To approve the Democratic Party's bill to continue the mission.8. (A) Worsening water scarcity. (B) Increasing risks of diseases.(C) Triggering mass displacement. (D) Reducing the population in Asia.9. (A) To resume peace talks which have been halted for a long time.(B) To forge and sign a peace treaty pledged by both sides.(C) To dispel his skepticism over chances for a deal before he leaves office.(D) To open a 44-nation conference over the Middle East issue.10. (A) 60%. (B) 26%.(C) 21%. (D) 20%.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.11. (A) What to do to control crime.(B) What role a lawyer plays in a court case.(C) How to tell a hardened criminal from a first-time offender.(D) How to convict a criminal and put him in prison.12. (A) Deterrence.(B) Quick conviction.(C) The social structure.(D) The economy.13. (A) Education programs are not so effective as required.(B) Drug treatment programs are insufficiently funded.(C) Some rehabilitation programs inside prisons have been stopped.(D) More people are convicted than prison space can accommodate.14. (A) These programs are mainly intended for the kingpins of drug deals to get rehabilitated.(B) These programs are currently carried out in most states in the country.(C) These programs aim to develop a culture inside the prisons.(D) These programs have psychological and educational components.15. (A) Because gangs start in prisons and make prison a repressive experience.(B) Because criminals tend to be repeat offenders.(C) Because there is no stigma attached to most criminals.(D) Because society doesn't look at released prisoners with disdain.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.16. (A) How to interact with colleagues and clients face to face.(B) How to make effective telephone conversations.(C) What skills are needed to get and hold down a job.(D) What makes for an excellent ability to express yourself.17. (A) (A) Managerial. (B) Technological.(C) Financial. (D) Social.18. (A) Basic to advanced knowledge of computer application.(B) Ability to calculate all transactions, profits and costs.(C) Creativity in making presentations to clients.(D) Proficiency in at least one foreign language.19. (A) To create your own databases on the computer.(B) To enhance your social skills by holding parties with your friends.(C) To use the computer in free time and become familiar with its operation.(D) To store as many telephone numbers and addresses as you can.20. (A) Graduating students.(B) Trainee managers.(C) Professional secretaries.(D) Low-level administrative staff.Directions:In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Question 1-5Life expectancy in the richest countries of the world now exceeds the poorest by more than 30 years, figures show. The gap is widening across the world, with Western countries and the growing economies of Latin America and the Far East advancing more rapidly than Africa and the countries of the former Soviet Union. Average life expectancy in Britain and similar countries of the OECD was 78.8 in 2000-05, an increase of more than seven years since 1970-75 and almost 30 years over the past century. In sub-Saharan Africa, life expectancy has increased by just four months since 1970, to 46.1 years. Narrowing this "health gap" will involve going beyond the immediate causes of disease—poverty, poor sanitation and infection—to tackle the "causes of the causes" —the social hierarchies in which people live, says the report published by the Global Commission on the Social Determinants of Health established by the WHO in 2005. Professor Sir Michael Marmot, chairman of the commission, who first coined the term "status syndrome", said social status was the key to tackling health inequalities worldwide. In the 1980s, in a series of ground-breaking studies among Whitehall civil servants, Professor Marmot showed that the risk of death among those on the lower rungs of the career ladder was four times higher than those at the top, and that the difference was linked with the degree of control the individuals had over their lives.He said yesterday that the same rule applied in poorer countries. If people increased their status and gained more control over their lives they improved their health because they were less vulnerable to the economic and environmental threats. "When people think about those in poor countries they tend to think about poverty, lack of housing, sanitation and exposure to infectiousdisease. But there is another issue, the social gradient in health which I called status syndrome. It is not just those at the bottom of the hierarchy who have worse health; it is all the way along the scale. Those second from the bottom have worse health than those above them but better health than those below."The interim report of the commission, in the online edition of The Lancet, says the effects of status syndrome extend from the bottom to the top of the hierarchy, with Swedish adults holding a PhD having a lower death rate than those with a master's degree. The study says: "The gradient is a worldwide occurrence, seen in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries. It means we are all implicated."The result is that even within rich countries such as Britain there are striking inequalities in life expectancy. The poorest men in Glasgow have a life expectancy of 54, lower than the average in India. The answer, the report says, is empowerment, of individuals, communities and whole countries. "Technical and medical solutions such as medical care are without doubt necessary. But they are insufficient." Professor Marmot said: "We talk about three kinds of empowerment. If people don't have the material necessities, they cannot be empowered. The second kind is psycho-social empowerment: more control over their lives. The third is political empowerment: having a voice."The commission's final report, to be published soon, will identify the ill effects of low status and make recommendations for how they can be tackled. In Britain a century ago, infant mortality among the rich was about 100 per 1,000 live births compared with 250 per 1,000 among the poor. Infant mortality is still twice as high among the poor in Britain, but the rates have come down dramatically to 7 per 1,000 among the poor and 3.5 among the rich. Professor Marmot said: "We have made dramatic progress, but this is not about abolishing the rankings, but by identifying the ill effects of hierarchies we can make huge improvement."1. Which of the following CANNOT be found from the passage?(A) Life expectancy in Latin America and the Far East is increasing faster than Africa.(B) In Africa, life expectancy had only increased by four years since 1970 to 46.1 years.(C) There is a gap of more than 30 years in life expectancy between the richest countries andthe poorest countries.(D) Within rich countries there are also great inequalities in life expectancy between the richand the poor.2. According to the passage, the term "status syndrome" _______,(A) was first accepted by the World Health Organisation in 2005(B) was proposed by Professor Marmot to describe social changes(C) is used to expose the major causes of health inequalities(D) is used to show the correlation between sanitation and infection3. According to the passage, the effects of status syndrome _______.(A) can only be found from those living at the bottom of the society(B) usually are greater among those from the lower classes(C) are the same on people from each ladder of the social hierarchy(D) extend universally from the bottom to the top of the social hierarchy4. Professor Marmot proposed that "empowerment" should ________.(A) mainly include technical and medical advancement(B) be equal to access to material necessities(C) be material, psycho-social and political(D) be the final answer to the social problem of "health gap"5. What can be concluded from the passage?(A) Health inequality is closely related to social hierarchies.(B) The "causes of the causes" of health gap lie in the differences between rich and poorcountries.(C) Social ranking should be ultimately abolished.(D) The rich countries should give more assistance to poor countries to fill the health gap.Questions 6-10In Idaho's Snake River Valley, where potato farmers depend on electric pumps to water their crops, the state's largest power company hopes to stand tradition on its head and profit by selling farmers less, not more, electricity. To do that, Idaho Power is vastly expanding its energy-efficiency programs for 395,000 residential customers, small businesses, and farmers. Usually the more customers save, the less utilities make. But under an innovative deal with state regulators in March, Idaho Power gets paid for its plants and equipment and boosts profits by winning incentive payments for reducing electric demand.It's an idea that appears to be catching on as legislatures fret about global warming and utilities scramble to meet rising demand without the increasing harassment and cost of building new power plants. Idaho is among 13 states whose regulators have either adopted or proposed measures in the past year to decouple utility profit from electricity production. Decoupling is advancing even faster for natural-gas utilities, with 25 states either adopting or proposing decoupling plans in recent years. "This wave toward 'decoupling' is clearly gathering momentum," says Martin Kushler of the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy in Washington. "More states seem to be calling every week to find out about this."Although California pioneered the idea 25 years ago—and strengthened incentives and penalties last month—interest is picking up again because of global warming, experts say. The main idea is that by rearranging the incentive structure, regulators can give utilities clear incentives to push energy efficiency and conservation without hurting their bottom lines. Under the new rules in California, for example, electric utilities could make as much as $150 million extra if they can persuade Californians to save some $2 billion worth of power, according to the Natural Resources Defense Council."This is a vital step in the global-warming fight," says Audrey Chang, an NRDC researcher. "It represents, we hope, a historic shift toward decoupling that is going to help bend the energy demand curve downwards." Beside Idaho, states that this year adopted decoupling for some or all of its electric power industry include New York, Connecticut, and Vermont. At least nine other states have seen major decoupling proposals this year.Idaho Power is happy that its key fixed costs—plants and equipment—are now separated from variable costs of electricity sales such as fuel. Regulators annually readjust those fixed rates—up or down—a maximum of 3 percent to ensure that the company gets no more or less than it has been regulated to receive. But customers should benefit, too, as utility efficiency programs cut energy use and energy bills—something the company is trying hard to do so it can win a bonus if it meets or exceeds energy-cutting goals. "Before there was almost a disincentive to go hard at efficiency because we weren't recovering our fixed costs," says Mike Youngblood, an analyst for Idaho Power. "Now the anticipation is that we will recover our fixed cost, no more or less. And our customers will see their bill go down if they invest in energy efficiency."One key reason utilities are often willing to decouple or even leading proponents of the proposals is because the costs of building a power plant has risen dramatically. A 500-megawatt coal-fired plant that cost $1 billion just a few years ago might cost $1.5 billion today, industry experts say. Add to that growing uncertainty about future costs. Global-warming legislation could put a price of $30 per ton on carbon-dioxide emissions from power plants. That could make coal, the cheapest power today, more costly. Another factor is the rising community opposition to coal-fired power plant construction.In North Carolina, where regulators recently refused a Duke Energy Corp. proposal to build a power plant, the company has instead put forward a controversial decoupling proposal. The plan would pay the company to meet efficiency standards, although consumer advocates and evenenvironmental groups question whether it's a good deal for ratepayers. In fact, some consumer advocates have major reservations about decoupling overall. "Unfortunately, we're seeing utilities trying to use decoupling as a blank check," says Charles Acquard, executive director of the National Association of State Utility Consumer Advocates in Silver Spring, Md. "We're not absolutely opposed to decoupling. It's how you do it that's critical."6. What is the main idea of the passage?(A) Electric utilities lose more profits from reducing electric demand.(B) Electric utilities gain more profits from increasing electric demand.(C) The more electricity customers save, the less profits utilities make.(D) The more electricity customers save, the more incentive payments utilities get.7. Which of the following gives the best definition of the expression "to stand tradition on itshead" (para. 1)?(A) To criticize tradition. (B) To go against tradition.(C) To carry forward tradition. (D) To integrate tradition.8. In the passage, the measures of decoupling used in utility efficiency programs refer to thepractice of ________.(A) separating the utility profits from power production(B) combining fixed costs with variable costs(C) strengthening both incentives and penalties(D) rearranging the incentive structure9. According to the passage, when Idaho Power is building plants and purchasing equipment,such fixed costs _______.(A) will no longer be treated as the costs of electricity sales(B) will partially be covered by state regulators(C) are still to be recovered by the companies(D) are paid from customers' electricity bills10. All of the following are the reasons why electric utilities welcome decoupling EXCEPT______.(A) the rapidly rising cost of building power plants(B) the uncertainty about future costs(C) the community opposition to the building of coal-fired power plants(D) the reservations consumer advocates have about energy-saving measuresQuestions 11-15Historically, TV's interest in "green" issues has been limited to the green that spend: and makes the world go round. (That, and Martians.) As for environmentalism, TV is where people watch SUV ads on energy-sucking giant screens that are as thirsty as a Bavarian at Oktoberfest.But with the greening of politics and pop culture—from Al Gore to Leo DiCaprio to Homer and Marge in The Simpsons Movie—TV is jumping on the biodiesel-fueled band-wagon. In November, NBC (plus Bravo, Sci Fi and other sister channels) will run a week of green-themed episodes, from news to sitcoms. CBS has added a "Going Green" segment to The Early Show. And Fox says it will work climate change into the next season of 24. ("Dammit, Chloe, there's no time! The polar ice cap's going to melt in 15 minutes!")On HGTV's Living with Ed, actor Ed Begley Jr. offers tips for eco-living from his solar-powered house in Studio City, Calif.—see him energy-audit Cheryl Tiegs!—while Sundance airs its documentary block "The Green." MTV will set The Real World: Hollywood in a "green" house. Next year Discovery launches 24-hour eco-lifestyle channel Planet Green, a plan validated this spring when the eco-minded documentary Planet Earth became a huge hit for Discovery. "Green is part of [Discovery's] heritage," says Planet Green president Eileen O'Neill."But as pop culture was starting to recognize it, we realized we could do a better job positioning ourselves."Clearly this is not all pure altruism. Those popular, energy-stingy compact fluorescent bulbs? NBC's owner, General Electric, has managed to sell one or two. "When you have them being a market leader and saying this makes good business sense, people listen to that on [the TV] side," says Lauren Zalaznick, Bravo Media president, who is heading NBC's effort. And green pitches resonate with young and well-heeled viewers (the type who buy Priuses and $2-a-lb. organic apples), two groups the networks are fond of. NBC is confident enough in its green week's appeal to schedule it in sweeps.It's an unlikely marriage of motives. Ad-supported TV is a consumption medium: it persuades you to want and buy stuff. Traditional home shows about renovating and decorating are catnip for retailers like Lowe's and Home Depot. Of course, there are green alternatives to common purchases: renewable wood, Energy Star appliances, hybrid cars. But sometimes the greener choice is simply not to buy so much junk—not the friendliest sell to advertisers.The bigger hurdle, though, may be creative. How the NBC shows will work in the messages is still up in the air. (Will the Deal or No Deal babes wear hemp miniskirts? Will the Bionic Woman get wired for solar?) Interviewed after the 24 announcement, executive producer Howard Gordon hedged a bit on Fox's green promises: "It'll probably be more in the props. We might see somebody drive a hybrid."Will it work? Green is a natural fit on cable lifestyle shows or news programs—though enlisting a news division to do advocacy has its own issues. But commanding a sitcom like The Office to work in an earnest environmental theme sounds like the kind of high-handed p.r. directive that might be satirized on, well, The Office. Even Begley—formerly of St. Elsewhere—notes that the movie Chinatown worked because it kept the subplot about the water supply in Los Angeles well in the background: "It's a story about getting away with murder, and the water story is woven in."Of course, in an era of rampant product placement, there are worse things than persuading viewers to buy a less wasteful light bulb by hanging one over Jack Bauer as he tortures a terrorist. The greatest challenge—for viewers as well as programmers—is not letting entertainment become a substitute for action; making and watching right-minded shows isn't enough in itself. The 2007 Emmy Awards, for a start, aims to be carbon neutral: solar power, biodiesel generators, hybrids for the stars, bikes for production assistants—though the Academy cancelled Fox's idea to change the red carpet, no kidding, to green. The most potent message may be seeing Hollywood walk the walk, in a town in which people prefer to drive.11. Which of the following does not serve as the example to support the statement "TV isjumping on the biodiesel-fueled bandwagon" (para. 2)?(A) MTV: The Real World: Hollywood will be set in a "green" house.(B) NBC: The program of the Deal or No Deal will be continued.(C) NBC: A week of green-themed episodes is being planned.(D) CBS: A "Going Green" program has been added to The Early Show.12. By stating that "Clearly this is not all pure altruism." (para. 4), the author is _______.(A) highly appreciative (B) somewhat critical(C) ironic and negative (D) subjective and passionate13. Why does the author mention in paragraph 4 the two groups the networks are fond of?(A) They are the main target of the consumption medium.(B) They are the advocates of green movement.(C) They are most representative of today's audience.(D) They are young adults and senior citizens.14. Which of the following best explains the sentence "It's an unlikely marriage of motives."(para. 5)?(A) Ad-supported TV has consistent motives.(B) The main target of ad-supported TV is to persuade viewers to buy more.(C) It's impossible for TV to readjust its opposing motives.(D) It's quite difficult for TV to integrate its motives.15. It can be concluded from the passage that "product placement" (para. 8) is a kind of_______.(A) commodity exhibition (B) display of products(C) indirect advertising (D) direct promotion strategyQuestions 16-20Military victories, trade, missionary zeal, racial arrogance and a genius for bureaucracy all played well-documented roles in making the British Empire the largest the world has known. Rather less well understood was the importance of the moustache. A monumental new history, The Decline and Fall of the British Empire by Piers Brendon, promises to restore this neglected narrative to its rightful place in the national story.Dr Brendon, a Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge University, argues that colonial moustaches had a clear practical purpose: to demonstrate virility and intimidate the Empire's subject peoples. The waxing and waning of the British moustache precisely mirrored the fortunes of the Empire—blooming beneath the noses of the East India Company's officers, finding full expression in Lord Kitchener's bushy appendage and fading out with the Suez crisis in Anthony Eden's apologetic wisps.This analysis of the "growth of the stiff upper lip" is an essential strand of Dr Brendon's epic 650-page political, cultural, economic and social history of the Empire, which is published on October 18. "It is a running gag in a serious book, but it does give one a point of reference," he said yesterday. In the 18th and early 19th century, sophisticated Britons wore wigs but spurned facial hair. The exception was the King, George III, whose unshaven appearance was mocked as a sign of his madness. However, by the 1830s the "moustache movement" was in the ascendancy. British officers, copying the impressive moustaches that they encountered on French and Spanish soldiers during the Napoleonic Wars, started the craze, but the real impetus came form India.Just as British troops in Afghanistan today are encouraged to grow beards to ease their dealings with local tribesmen, so the attitudes of Indian troops under the command of East India Company officers in the first half of the 19th century altered the appearance of the British soldier. "For the Indian sepoy the moustache was a symbol of virility. They laughed at the unshaven British officers," Dr Brendon said. In 1854 moustaches were made compulsory for the company's Bombay regiment. The fashion took Britain by storm as civilians imitated their heroes.Dr Brendon writes: "During and after the Crimean War, barbers advertised different patterns in their windows such as the 'Raglan' and the Cardigan'." Moustaches were clipped, trimmed and waxed "until they curved like sabres and bristled like bayonets". After 1918 moustaches became thinner and humbler as the Empire began to gasp for breath, even as it continued to expand territorially. It had been fatally wounded, Dr Brendon suggests, by the very belief in the freedom that it had preached. After the victory over Germany and Japan in 1945, independence movements across the red-painted sections of the world map, and Britain's own urgent domestic priorities, meant that the Empire was doomed.The moustache too was in terminal decline. "It had become a joke thanks to Charlie Chaplin and Groucho Marx. It had become an international symbol of 'villainy' thanks to Hitler's toothbrush, writes Dr Brendon. In Britain it was also synonymous with the "Colonel Blimps" clinging to an outmoded idea of colonial greatness.In Eden's faint moustache Britain's diminished international status found a fitting symbol. It all。
口译二阶段口试冲刺胜经
5月口译二阶段口试冲刺胜经——邱邱关注的几个讲话5月，随着世博会的召开，2010春季的中高级口译第二阶段口试也将拉开帷幕。
本次口试安排在每周末举行，先进行高级口译的口试，完毕后考中级口译口试。
从出题点来看，世博、全球变暖、经济复苏、祖国60年华诞、澳门回归10周年、汶川青海地震等灾难类话题都是测试的重头戏。
为全力帮助考生备战5月开始的口试，以下几个重要讲话值得所有考生关注、熟悉，其中的特色表达，专业术语要尽量做到耳熟能详，出口成章！邱政政一、奥巴马在G20匹兹堡峰会记者会讲话Good afternoon. Let me, first of all, thank Mayor Luke Ravenstahl, County Executive Dan Onorato, and the people of Pittsburgh for being just extraordinary hosts. Last night during the dinner that I had with world leaders, so many of them commented on the fact that sometime in the past they had been to Pittsburgh -- in some cases it was 20 or 25 or 30 years ago -- and coming back they were so impressed with the revitalization of the city. A number of them remarked on the fact that it pointed to lessons that they could take away in revitalizing manufacturing towns in their home countries. The people here have been just extraordinary, and so I want to thank all of you for the great hospitality.总统：下午好。
一个非英语专业的人的自述：我如何用一年时间考上欧盟口译司
今天看到一篇文章，说是一个猛人用一年时间考上欧盟口译司，看完之后，只有一个感觉，就是意志力决定你的成功，就象我在昨天的文章中说到的，能有坚强意志力的人少之又少，但这个人绝对是其中之一。
我的网名叫做jacky，大学在青岛市念书，4年，中国海洋大学的计算机科学与技术。
我并不象很多人那样关注现在的流行，超级女声，快乐男声，加油！好男儿，李宇春，张靓颖或者周笔畅，我甚至可能也不知道谁是全国7进6，8进7，我可能还不知道有关满城尽带黄金甲，巩俐和章子怡的最新消息，可是我却知道第六轮六方会谈的结果，我也知道中国暴雨洪灾的后果，受灾地区，我还有着一段值得人驻足的一段经历。
毕业之后工作两年，辞职孤单一人来到北京准备考研。
当初准备的是北外的高翻学院，也就是大家俗称的同传专业。
但是那时候除了看的是同传的高薪之外，还有自己提高自己的英语水平。
我一开始，英语程度也就是6级，但是经常锻炼口语，所以交流很流畅。
这是我惟一的优势，其他的，没有工作，计算机专业，看来都不是什么好事情。
可是我有着很多人没有的一样东西。
那就是坚定的毅力。
这样是我后来能够成功被录取的最重要的一点。
从那年1月开始，我认真准备，但是当时对于高翻没有清晰的概念，所以很幼稚的觉得，把一套新东方推荐的60篇文章背诵下来，然后背诵GRE词汇就可以解决问题了。
结果，大概一个月之后，发现语言运用能力的确有所提高，但是要是参加考试远远不够，因为那时候开始接触<经济学家>，发现根本看不懂。
于是在网络上疯狂的搜索和高翻相关的内容，论坛，网站，blog等等，也开始获得了大量的信息。
其中几个重要的网站在这里推荐一下：如果你想要找一个最综合的口译资料资源练习方法的网站，就去这里看看http：//kouyitianxia。
ttsite。
com/index。
如果你还没有认真的看过经济学家，那考高翻就太困难了，经济学家师一定要看的，而且最好每天都看几篇。
经济学家中国：http：//ecocn。
对外经济贸易大学2010年硕士各专业复试线
法学院
030101
法学理论
43
65
330
030103
宪法学与行政法学
330
030105
民商法学
330
030106
诉讼法学
330
030107
经济法学
330
030109
国际法学
361
英语学院
050201
英语语言文学
50
75
372
050211
外国语言学及应用语言学
或符合单科和总分满足国家线且政治+基础英语+综合英语>=290
对外经济贸易大学2010年硕士各专业复试线
2010-03-23点击: 43663
(学术型)
院系
专业代码
专业名称
单科（满分=100分）
单科（满分>100）
总分
国际经济研究院
020105
世界经济
46
69
345
WTO研究院
020105
世界经济
46
69
345
020201
国民经济
经贸学院
020202
区域经济学
英语学院
580101
英语笔译
50
75
345
580102
英语口译
50
75
345
国际商学院
460100
工商管理硕士A线
60
120
200Biblioteka 460100工商管理硕士B线
47
94
175
法律硕士（法学）和翻译硕士(笔译、口译)的调剂政策将在后续发布，请考生随时关注我校通知。
46
欧盟口译员的薪酬福利
欧盟口译员的薪酬福利欧盟口译员的薪酬福利基本工资：1，一个合格的欧盟口译员每月的基本收入在6000欧元（1欧元=9.1699人民币元）以上，也就是一年的基本收入要超过72000欧元，当然，如果，他或她的业务能力特别突出，工作非常勤奋敬业，待人接物很优秀的话，他或她的收入将远远超过72000欧元这个档次，可能是好几个72000欧元都远远不止。
2，还有一点不得不说，欧盟口译员的退休金都在每月6000欧元以上。
虽然大多数口译员在退休之前都已经积累了足够维持他们奢华的退休生活的财富，但这个退休金对于一般的欧洲人也是一笔可观的收入！特殊福利：1，免费的汽油。
你的所有出行的交通费用和豪华酒店的费用全部由欧盟支付。
在欧盟，人们还是倾向于开自己的汽车，所以，如果你一直开车出行的话，你的汽油费用当然是欧盟买单咯！2，特殊的免税待遇：免税的酒精类饮品（当然包括各种名酒），免税的香烟，对于欧盟支付给你的生活津贴和旅行津贴也是当然免税的。
3，如果你有孩子，那么他们将在欧洲得到最好的教育，同时，也能在一个多语种的良好环境下成长。
在欧洲学习了一定的时间之后，你的孩子在日常生活中能够同时说一口令国内人惊艳的英语，法语，意大利语等，这无疑是在其他地方无法培养出来的。
4，如果你的孩子上了大学，那么他们将得到专门的住宿津贴，学习材料的津贴等各种津贴。
5，如果你来自欧盟的成员国，那么就意味着你成为欧盟的口译员之后，你是完全免税的。
要知道，这种待遇几乎相当于各国的外交官员的待遇了。
很多同学觉得欧盟口译司很神秘，那么我就来简单介绍一下欧盟在中国的口译项目吧：欧盟委员会口译司（Joint Interpreting & Conference Service, JICS）设在比利时首都布鲁塞尔，拥有经验丰富的国际会议译员七百余人，目前使用的官方语言多达11种，并且每年为包括中国在内的许多国家选送的译员提供短期强化培训。
实际上，世界最大的口译团队不在联合国，而是在欧盟委员会。
欧盟口译司复述材料原文
欧盟口译司复述材料原文
【原创实用版】
目录
1.欧盟口译司复述材料原文的背景和重要性
2.欧盟口译司复述材料的主要内容
3.欧盟口译司复述材料的目标和期望效果
4.欧盟口译司复述材料的实施和应用
5.欧盟口译司复述材料的意义和影响
正文
欧盟口译司复述材料原文的背景和重要性
近年来，随着全球化的发展和国际交流的加强，口译工作在国际事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色。
欧盟作为世界上最具有影响力的国际组织之一，其口译司的复述材料原文对于理解欧盟的决策和政策具有重要意义。
欧盟口译司复述材料的主要内容
欧盟口译司的复述材料原文主要包括欧盟各机构和成员国的官方文件、演讲、新闻稿等。
这些材料涵盖了欧盟的政治、经济、社会、文化等各个领域，为欧盟内外的各方提供了及时、准确的信息。
欧盟口译司复述材料的目标和期望效果
欧盟口译司复述材料的目标是为欧盟内外的各方提供准确、权威的信息，促进欧盟与外部世界的沟通与交流。
期望效果是让更多的人了解欧盟的政策和决策，为欧盟的决策和政策提供有力支持。
欧盟口译司复述材料的实施和应用
欧盟口译司的复述材料原文由专业的口译人员完成，他们在翻译过程中需要遵循语言的规范和准则，确保翻译的准确性和可读性。
这些复述材
料原文在欧盟的官方网站上发布，供公众查阅和下载。
欧盟口译司复述材料的意义和影响
欧盟口译司复述材料原文对于促进欧盟与外部世界的沟通与交流具有重要意义。
它让更多的人了解欧盟的政策和决策，为欧盟的决策和政策提供有力支持。
我如何用一年时间考上欧盟口译司(转)
我如何用一年时间考上欧盟口译司我的网名叫做jacky, 大学在青岛市念书,4年,中国海洋大学的计算机科学与技术.我并不象很多人那样关注现在的流行,超级女声,快乐男声,加油!好男儿,李宇春,张靓颖或者周笔畅,我甚至可能也不知道谁是全国7进6,8进7,我可能还不知道有关满城尽带黄金甲,巩俐和章子怡的最新消息,可是我却知道第六轮六方会谈的结果，我也知道中国暴雨洪灾的后果，受灾地区，我还有着一段值得人驻足的一段经历.？毕业之后工作两年,辞职孤单一人来到北京准备考研.当初准备的是北外的高翻学院,也就是大家俗称的同传专业.但是那时候除了看的是同传的高薪之外,还有自己提高自己的英语水平.我一开始,英语程度也就是6级,但是经常锻炼口语,所以交流很流畅.这是我Ω一的优势,其他的,û有工作,计算机专业,看来都不是什ô好事情.可是我有着很多人û有的一样东西. 那就是坚定的毅力.这样是我后来能够成功被¼取的最重要的一点.从那年1月开始,我认真准备,但是当时对于高翻û有清晰的概念,所以很幼稚的觉得,把一套新东方推荐的60篇文章背诵下来,然后背诵GRE词汇就可以解决问题了.结果,大概一个月之后,发现语言运用能力的确有所提高,但是要是参加考试远远不够,因为那时候开始接触<经济学家>,发现根本看不懂.于是在网络上疯狂的搜索和高翻相关的内容,论坛,网站,blog等等,也开始获得了大量的信息.其中几个重要的网站在这里推荐一下:如果你还û有认真的看过经济学家,那考高翻就太困难了,经济学家师一定要看的,而且最好ÿ天都看几篇.经济学家中国:？/forum/index.php如果你要考北外,那ô究一定要经常到北外专门的校内网去看看最新的消息,还有很多牛人在哪里发帖,北外星光:？/如果你的听力和知识面都不是很广阔,那ô你需要经常去普特听力论坛看看,并且练习,我是坚持了一年多普特听力论坛: /这些是主要的一些论坛,接下来我说自己的努力过程的时候会提高他们的用处为了能够清晰明了的说明我自己的努力过程,我把自己针对ÿ一个考试所必需掌握的技能,进行的练习列出来:英语基础------中英互译新概念3,4册, 新东方精选60篇文章,张培基散文50篇,实用口译教程全部,现代汉英口译教程, 现代汉英口译教程练习册,然后熟练背诵,这一共7本书!其实还有很多其他的我背诵了只有2-3遍的,就不想提了.这些书腰背诵至少3-4遍,我自己背诵了大概有10遍左右,之后总结当中重要的,自己不熟练的句型,词组等等,要针对自己.听力------这个是我自己感到最重要的,为了锻炼听力,我找到了普特论坛,并且严格的ÿ天跟着一起训练,方法大家都可以在论坛上找到.ÿ天听写BBC,因为voa太简单,大概一个月左右就可以完全听懂. 所以我一直坚持精听BBC直到那年9月份,我找到了一个软件,可以把音频变速,叫做NV player,大家搜索,可以找到并且免费下载,其他的软件我也尝试了,但是基本上都还是声音会失真,但是这个软件只会加快速度,声音不会失真.之后我开始把BBC变速听,变到1.1,1.2,,,,,最后倒了2倍速,你听起来这个变速可能û有什ô大不了的,但是当你真正的用这个软件开始听的时候,才发现,就算是从1.1跳到1.2你都会有很多东西突然间就听不懂了,与此同时,我还ÿ天下载联合国网站的会议现场和白宫的会议现场,不断的变速听,而且普特论坛上又各种各样的材料共我选择,我也在不断的精听,精练,倒了10月,我开始精听BBC2倍速,同时开始了我正式的同传练习,是的,我已经可以进行同传了,不过都是同传UN的现场,还有白宫的现场,ÿ天都是一个小时左右,大概过了一个月,我开始同传voa新闻,新闻的同传,在同传界是一个忌讳,也就是说û有人去做新闻同传,因为信息集中,密度大,速度太快,挑战太大,但是我很勇敢的接受了挑战,并且开始坚持ÿ天同传新闻,因为我发现UN会议和美国白宫的会议太简单了,我ÿ天都会把UN 和美国白宫的会议现场变成2倍速来做泛听,基本上一次就可以听懂了.后来我曾经尝试一次在安南进行的联合国的演讲¼像,直接进行同传,基本上对我来说就是放慢镜头!ÿ次听2倍速的作用就显现出来了,因为最后我发现基本上90%的安南演讲内容我都同传出来了.在此期间,我不但坚持锻炼同传新闻voa,并且开始尝试加速同传,也就是把新闻变速到1.3倍速同传,这个的确非常又难度,但是我还是克服了,这需要很多的勇气还有毅力,很多人会问我,你怎ô又这样的动力,我说,他们都源自我的梦想,一个心中的梦想,希望能够成为一个语言运用自如的人,运用自己的天分非常自如的人.于是,渐渐的,我到了12月份,已经可以同传voa新闻的1.5倍速了,这个是非常难的,因为速度很快,而你有必须要同时传译,但是这些都造就了我非凡的反映速度,还有我稳定的心理素质,因为,现在我听人们说话,就真的好像在放慢镜头一般.而且12月份的时候我也开始同传cnn,也是1.5倍速,以及npr,但是bbc我还从来û有尝试过,因为bbc我一直都留给自己做ÿ天的精听在后来,voa的同传我就变速倒了1.7倍速了,但是这已经是今年的事情了.并且开始进行新闻的记忆,也就是新闻播放并且同传结束后,尽力的会议全部的大概内容,有的朋友可能会说,新闻简单,容易记忆,练习短期记忆还是应该用会议记¼,但是我不这ô认为,5分钟的新闻可能很短,但是你知道ô,这里面往往包括7-8有的时候10个主要事情,而且相互û有联系,如果你能把ÿ件û有联系的事情都记住,那ô你记住会议内容会更加简单容易,看到这里,有的朋友会发现,我这个人有些变态,听力听2倍速,记忆非要用新闻练习,,,,pervert!是的,朋友们,如果你看了很多书,很多自传,你会发现,这个社会里面有所成就的人,基本上从一个角度来说,都是变态,或曾经做过一些变态的事情.但是,从另一个角度来说,这不是变态,这是执著,这是热爱,这是激情.我有一个同传的朋友,在外交部作同传很久,一次跟我聊天听说我听2倍速,立刻就蹦出来一个pervert! 我笑了笑,û说话.因为我很少对人说这是我的梦想,我什ô都可以付出到了现在,我听任何材料,只要û有陌生词汇,就一定不会又任何障碍,甚至在面对5个欧盟口译司的考官的时候,我有些紧张,但是他们说的英文,即使我紧张的时候,也是让我如缕平川.这就是我的目的.你还记得很多人平时练习的很好,到了现场做会的时候,发言人说话结束,可是她却紧张的说不出话来? 就是因为平时的练习要超量,倒了现场才能抵消紧张带来的负效应.目前我看了一些有关快速听力的书籍,发现其实2倍速并不是速度的极限,2.5倍速才是,因为2.5倍速是人的听力速度反弹极限,也就是说,经常练习2.5倍速,再听1倍速,你的听力不会回到1倍速.可以继续保持.所以我目前一致在练习2.5倍速的bbc听力.我也希望如果你真的想从事同传行业,请多投入一些,短期记忆比较容易的是叙事类的,也就是上外和北外复试会考的内容,但是会议内容是不好记忆的,因为有很多数字,很多分类,都需要笔记,而全国三个大型的同传专业考试当中,只有欧盟口译司的这个考试全部都是会议内容,而且数字,年代,月份都非常清楚,当时我摊上的就是一个核问题,所以平时多练习新闻的记忆显得尤其重要.这里就说到笔记的问题,我练习笔记,只用了一本书<实战口译>,林超伦的,全书练习了大概5遍左右,ÿ次一个小时练习一片文章,倒了最后能够基本上进行1.7倍速的播放,同时自己记笔记,但是这里我有一个缺陷,就是局限于书本的模式,ÿ次都是记笔记一分钟长短,这是很要命的,因为欧盟口译司的考官实际上要考察拟的真实能力不会拘泥.我这次考试就吃亏在这里.可是,夺亏我平时练习2倍速听力精听和泛听很多,所以给了我很大的自信心,而且毕竟,我练习笔记都是用的1.7倍速,所以她用常速朗读的时候,时间虽然长了一些,我最后还是表现不错.所以,大家平时还是要多练习其他一些长的内容.具体技巧就是书里面所提高的一些方法,严格的按照步骤来,练习就会有效果.这些就是有关听力的大概情况,实在太多,无法一一想起,只能叙述这些新闻和杂志--------新闻的理解,记忆很重要,我背诵了大概有100-200篇VOA,和BBC新闻,非常熟练的,<经济学家>大概也背诵了有100篇左右,这些对我理解新闻和杂志很油帮助,背诵之后你会发现,其实新闻的框架基本类似,二杂志业基本上文章都大同小异.你可以翻译,但是这会花去大量的时间,不过这个翻译很好,我曾经坚持了大概3个月左右,ÿ天都翻译1篇文章,但是后来放弃开始转入直接视译,这个大大提高了我的阅读速度,而且我自己理解更有效,也懂得怎样把复杂的语言转化为简单的语言让自己理解更容易.所以我现在视译的能力非常好.在阅读经济学家的同时,我建议大家要注意积累ÿ一个你不熟练和不知道的词汇,这些都是考日积月累的,想要依靠GRE或者其他的解决问题很难.我ÿ天都积累很多词汇,最后会复习.一直到现在还是如此.词汇---------这也是我最喜欢的一部分,为了增加词汇,我背诵了很多词典,GRE词汇我背诵了自己都不知道多少遍,反正基本上ÿ个周末都会复习一遍,背诵词典事很枯燥的,这是对你的毅力的考验,我第一次背诵GRE,用了1个星期,酒背完了,之后ÿ周豆复习一次,现在基本上6个小时就可以全部背诵一次,不是看,而是背诵.说明我已经非常熟练了,为什ô要这样?我听写新闻第一次飞跃就是因为GRE词汇,所以有很多词汇都猜出来了.还有一个是新闻分类词汇,大家可以在北外的书店里面找到,12块钱,大概有2000-3000词汇,这个简单,但是只要背熟练,基本上听新闻不会有障碍,但是全部让你写出来可能还是有问题.另一个词典是口译词典,这个词典对中英翻译很重要,英美报刊词汇,大概有10000词汇,全都是新词汇,这个也要背诵熟练,托福词组,这个是很有用的,尤其是词组的扩充,美国口语词典,对于更好的理解经济学家和口语能力的提升,理解英文文化大有帮助.上面的都是很好的词典,ÿ一个我都熟练背过,中英,英中,交替背过.而且经常复习.背诵词典事很枯燥的过程,你常常会遇到很辛苦的时候想要放弃,这个时候我要告诉你,之所以很多人无法成功,就是因为跟你一样倒了这个最关键的时候软弱下来.究竟是否坚持,关键在你.等你倒了下一次软弱的时候,你要告诉你自己,实际上会有另外几个人跟你一样优秀,克服了第一层阻力,但是也一样倒了这个时候,很难坚持,是否坚持下去,决定在你自己,如此一次次鼓励自己,,,,这不亚于背诵文章,关键在于你是否喜欢这个行业,如果只是看到了高薪,我想你实在浪费时间,有一天你会后悔自己花了这ô多时间作自己不喜欢的事情,而且到最后因为你不喜欢,你很难做好!这一年,我基本上û有休息过,所有的节假日,我都用来突击单词或者词典.周末都是背诵gre单词或者其他的词汇.ÿ天基本上都是18个小时的学习时间.早上6点起床跑步锻炼,打太极拳,这些很重要,保持身心健康晚上12点准是睡觉,吃饭等等都是准时准点的所以这一年我û有生病过.我简单的叙述了我做的考试准备,接下来就是需要接受检验了,其实北外的考试证明了我做得准备有充分的地方,也有不足的地方.北外的考试里面,我得总分过线了,英文分数也很高,但是,我得政治差了2分,结果可想而知,我根本û机会进入复试,但是却被欧盟口译司看上,并且¼取了我,我曾经发布了一个帖子,说明我考试的过程,/9133481_d.html？其实真正的内幕却是倒了今天早上我给了老师电话才告诉我.初试当中,有两部分,一个是笔试,一个是口式,口试包括中英英中交传.当时由于我不知道口试会直接考交传3分钟¼音,很紧张,竟然把英中交传做成了复述!!! 我很快做完之后,拿掉了耳机,听到周Χ的人说中文,立刻就傻了!!!!!!!!!完了,脑子里面第一个年头就是完了,û戏了,彻底û戏了,但是仍然强制自己镇定下来,结果中英交传还好,但是毕竟受到了影响,接下来的笔试之后,我就很快第一个就交卷,找到了老师,说明了自己的情况,但是他说,不可能让你单独再来一次了.等通知吧. û想到等到了几天之后,竟然真的接到了复试的通知,当时的喜悦如同这次知道复试通过,由于特别兴奋,我还特意问老师,老师,您还记得问我ô,就是那个考是第一个结束后就找您的那个学生,他说,呵呵怎ô不记得,你是所有考生里面Ψ一一个把传译做成了复述的人,不管你是谁我都记住了,我听了也心中一紧,感到万分庆幸,我想,还是由于自己笔试得成绩不错,而且语音不错,才给了我这个机会进入复试.复试的时候的情况,和我后来告诉大家的有些差异.复试一共4论,自我介绍,即兴演讲,英中现场交传,中英现场交传.ÿ一轮结束后,都需要学生出去,所有的考官一起评价,决定分数,这个就很人性化.后来我才打电话知道,我在前三论的表现非常好,语音标准,流利,反应迅速,对国际时政了解透彻,给考官留下了很好的印象,甚至到了第四轮考试的时候,轮到了我,那个给我出题的中国考官还小声问旁边的人,还有必要ô? 看来的确有些低估自己的实力了,不过我并不骄傲,还有更多的事情等着我去做,这些仅仅是一个简单的开始.其实,认真想想,人的一生真的很奇怪的,如果这一切都û有发生呢?如果初试我就因为把传译做成了复述,而把我排除,就像我因为政治少了两分把我踢出局,我还有机会进入复试ô???如果进不了复试,我还可能成为幸运者之一ô?那ô我下一年又会经历什ô呢?我还会和现在一样精力充沛ô?人的一生太奇妙了,也许真的很多事情都是命中注定的,时间会让我们学会成长,而现在我们也许只能接受一切。
对外经济贸易大学欧盟口译司项目
对外经济贸易大学欧盟口译司项目对外经济贸易大学欧盟口译司项目由欧盟口译司和对外经济贸易大学合作举办的同声传译课程的考试无疑是很严格的选拔过程。
但是，这项考试并不过分强调考生现有的翻译水平。
相对来讲，考生的语言素质和进一步提高的潜力更受考官重视。
考官团由中方和外方考官组成。
今年的考试，欧盟口译司和中方各派出了两名考官。
考生分批进入考场。
一般是四人一组。
面对一字排开的考官，考生的心理素质无疑是至关重要的。
保持冷静，放松心态，是顺利通过考试的先决条件。
严格说来，考试可分为四个部分。
一是开场白，即考生的自我介绍。
二是即席讲话，考生就选择的话题简要表明自己的观点。
三是英译汉，即欧盟考官做一10分钟的发言，考生将其译成中文。
四是汉译英，程序与三相仿。
在开场白中，考生的自我介绍应该做到言简意赅。
简短的介绍应包括姓名、毕业学校、现工作部门、主要职责和参加同传考试的目的。
如能在短短的一两分钟里做到以幽默、轻松的方式介绍自己，并给考官留下比较深刻的印象，就是很成功的开始。
但是，切忌为加深考官对自己的印象而哗众取宠或者发言过长。
这样反而会事与愿违。
英译汉主要考察的是考生的听力。
由于目标语言中文是中国考生的母语，一般来说只要能够听懂，用中文表达应该不是难事。
所以，在这项考试中，考生的听力水平是相关训练的重点。
由于考官的题目覆盖面可能很广，所以“工夫在平时”这句话就显得非常正确。
在平时的训练中，考生应多听各种素材，包括时政、经济、金融、文化、体育甚至艺术类的题材。
只有平时多练、广练，才能保证在考试时，无论遇到多偏的题，都能从容应对。
汉译英则是考察考生的英文表达能力。
这实际是中国考生的普遍难点。
如何保持一定的翻译速度，并且以比较地道或标准的英语把中文翻译出来，决不是件易事。
能够在短时间里找到好的表述方式自然是最好，但决不能为了追求好语言而牺牲翻译的速度。
因为，翻译的流畅与否对考官而言是一个非常直观的印象。
如果为了追求“语不惊人死不休”而造成翻译时结结巴巴，那就实在是得不偿失了。
一年考上欧盟口译司
同传牛人：用一年时间考上欧盟口译司（转帖）这是个同传牛人的故事，而且这个同传牛人并非英语专业，但却用一年时间考上欧盟口译司。
“你遇到很辛苦的时候想要放弃，这个时候我要告诉你，之所以很多人无法成功，就是因为跟你一样到了这个最关键的时候软弱下来，究竟是否坚持，关键在你”，要坚持、要有毅力，才能实现梦想！我的网名叫做jacky，大学在青岛市念书，4年，中国海洋大学的计算机科学与技术。
我并不象很多人那样关注现在的流行，超级女声，快乐男声，加油！好男儿，李宇春，张靓颖或者周笔畅，我甚至可能也不知道谁是全国7进6，8进7，我可能还不知道有关满城尽带黄金甲，巩俐和章子怡的最新消息，可是我却知道第六轮六方会谈的结果，我也知道中国暴雨洪灾的后果，受灾地区，我还有着一段值得人驻足的一段经历。
毕业之后工作两年，辞职孤单一人来到北京准备考研。
当初准备的是北外的高翻学院，也就是大家俗称的同传专业。
但是那时候除了看的是同传的高薪之外，还有自己提高自己的英语水平。
我一开始，英语程度也就是6级，但是经常锻炼口语，所以交流很流畅。
这是我惟一的优势，其他的，没有工作，计算机专业，看来都不是什么好事情。
可是我有着很多人没有的一样东西，那就是坚定的毅力。
这是我后来能够成功被录取的最重要的一点。
从那年1月开始，我认真准备。
但是当时对于高翻没有清晰的概念，所以很幼稚地觉得，把一套新东方推荐的60篇文章背诵下来，然后背诵GRE词汇就可以解决问题了。
结果，大概一个月之后，发现语言运用能力的确有所提高，但是要参加考试远远不够，因为那时候开始接触，发现根本看不懂。
于是在网络上疯狂地搜索和高翻相关的内容，论坛，网站，blog等等，也开始获得了大量的信息。
其中几个重要的网站在这里推荐一下：如果你想要找一个最综合的口译资料资源练习方法的网站，就去这里看看：口译天下：如果你还没有认真的看过《经济学家》，那考高翻就太困难了。
《经济学家》是一定要看的，而且最好每天都看几篇。
欧盟口译司复述材料原文
欧盟口译司复述材料原文摘要：一、欧盟口译司的背景和重要性1.欧盟口译司的成立2.口译在欧盟工作中的重要性二、欧盟口译司的任务和挑战1.负责欧盟各类会议的口译工作2.支持欧盟政策的宣传和解释3.面临的挑战：语言多样性、口译质量、技术进步三、欧盟口译司的培训和发展1.严格的选拔和培训机制2.持续的专业发展3.与其他国家和地区的口译机构合作四、我国与欧盟口译司的合作1.人员培训和交流2.共同应对口译挑战3.促进中欧关系的发展正文：欧盟口译司是欧盟委员会下属的一个机构，负责为欧盟各类会议、研讨会和活动提供口译服务。
它的成立旨在解决欧盟内部语言多样性的问题，确保各成员国在沟通和交流中能够顺利进行。
欧盟口译司的工作对欧盟的正常运作具有重要意义。
欧盟口译司的主要任务包括：为欧盟各类会议提供口译服务，确保会议的顺利进行；支持欧盟政策的宣传和解释工作，帮助公众更好地理解欧盟的政策和决策；以及应对口译领域的技术进步，为欧盟提供高质量的口译服务。
为了完成这些任务，欧盟口译司对口的译员进行了严格的选拔和培训。
选拔过程中，候选者需要通过一系列的测试和面试，证明自己具备优秀的语言能力、口译技巧和专业知识。
培训过程中，译员需要学习不同的口译技巧和方法，适应各种会议场景，提高口译质量。
此外，欧盟口译司还与世界各地的口译机构和专家保持紧密合作，共享经验和资源。
我国与欧盟口译司的合作历史悠久。
双方在人员培训、交流和合作方面取得了丰硕的成果。
我国每年都会派遣一定数量的译员赴欧盟口译司参加培训，提高自己的口译技能。
同时，欧盟口译司也会派遣专家来华进行讲学和技术交流。
这些合作不仅提高了我国口译水平，也为中欧关系的发展做出了积极贡献。
总之，欧盟口译司在应对欧盟内部语言多样性、提高口译质量和技术进步方面发挥了重要作用。
我国与欧盟口译司的合作有助于提高我国口译水平，推动中欧关系的发展。
2010下半年中级口译口试真题
2010下半年中级口译口试真题2010中级口译口试真题2010年11月21日上午中口口试真题口语：China's national entrance examination is usually on June 7~8, usually on Monday and Tuesday.高考日期为6月7/8号，是周一和周二。
家长接送学生和影响上班族，引起traffic jam. 有人提议改为6月的第一个周末。
你怎么看?a. 原本在7~8号的优缺点是什么?b. 改为周末后的优缺点是什么?c. 谈谈你的观点?口译：E-C1. 中美两国的文化差异关键词：we emphasize efficiency, competition & originality while your management gives priority to prudent planning & encourages close cooperation & altruistic dedication among team members.通过教育和锻炼这一实践，发扬奥运精神。
体育运动，在很多年前跨越种族、肤色等。
启示：虽然奥运已经过去，但是这个话题是永远必须关注的!2. 文化遗产 Cultural Heritage自然和人为的损坏，我们要引起重视。
(据几位同学回忆，该篇难度最大。
)2010年11月21日下午中口口试真题口语：今年夏天至今，发生了很多自然灾害，如洪水、泥石流、暴雨等。
a.根据你掌握的情况简单介绍其中一个。
b.介绍政府安抚工作，可以提及comfort fund这样的概念。
(看来得多看新闻!)c.你或你的同学是否有做过这方面的志愿者?谈谈下经历口译：E-C1. 合资企业 Joint Venture 《口译教程》3-3原文 P94关键句:Your investment proposal is a very wise decision; Our company is also seeking foreign investment in a manufacturing company for cordless & mobile phones. Your initiative is most welcome.let's get down to the business of this joint venture. May I have...8 million is more than a lucky nbumber; it's the right number for the initiation of this joint venture, as i understand it.wish to continue the partnership and extend the contract.2. volunteering 志愿者活动以及志愿者为社会带来的利益。
2010年9月高级口译真题与答案课件
2010年9月高级口译考试真题与答案【Spot Dictation】We already live in an over-communicated world that will only become more so in the next tech era. We’ve developed technology that gets us so much information that we’ve got cell phones ringing every second. We’ve got computers and laptops. We’ve got personal organizers. And we’re just being bombarded with communication and every advancing technology seems to create more and more communications at us. We are thought of over-whelmed by the information flow.Research suggests that all the multi-tasking may actually make our brains work better and faster, producing a world-wide increase in IQ up to 20 points and more in recent decades. Is there any real benefit in all these mental gymnastics we now have to go through? We are not becoming a race of global idiots, but many do think certain skills are enhanced and certain are not. You know the ability to make fast decisions, to answer a dozen emails in 5 minutes or to fill out maybe big ap titude text. That’s enhanced.But when someone is out there with his kids laying in his little league, or something like that, he’s got his cell phone in his pocket, he is always wondering: “Jeez, did I get a voicemail?” This might have negative effects on our own brains patterns. Creativity is something that happens slowly. It happens when your brain is just noodling around, just playing. When it puts together ideas which you haven’t thought of, or maybe you have time to read a book. You are a business person but you have time to read a book about history or about a philosopher and something that happened long ago, or something or some ideas, some default of long ago.Actually, it might occur to you that you can think of your own business in that way. And so if this mixture of unrelated ideas that feeds your productivity, feeds your creativity, and if your mind is disciplined to answer every email, then you don’t have time for that playful noodling, you don’t have time for those unexpected conjunctions. So I think maybe we are getting smarter in some senses, but over communication is a threat to our creativity and to our reflection.【Listening Comprehension】Listening Comprehension 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.M: You know in designing this new town, we try to look backward at small town in America, and take the best of those planning elements. Houses close together, sidewalks from the porches, tree-lined streets, easy non-automobile-dependent access to the town center and to your neighbors and to the school and the other institutions that are vital. And we’ve tried to take some of those ideas and update them and come out with a livable, workable place where people can go and re-kindle the sense of community that seems to be missing from suburbs all across the country. W: So give us a sense of how these new towns are designed.M: Houses are all very close together. We were just 10 feet apart from our neighbors on either side of us. And that’s pretty much the standard for the town. So, you have houses that are close together, houses that surround open areas. They have a lot of big parks, a lot of common areas. The theory is that you are willing to sacrificial private yards base. You don’t need a quarter of an acre or half an acre. If you have a public area where you can go and enjoy the facilities there. And, most importantly, you can interact with your neighbors. That helps to create the sense of community. That’s so important to many of these new town developments.W: Now I see this whole sense of community. It’s going to be a new town, but we are going to do it with the sense of nostalgia for the past, like, a lot of the houses had porches.M: yes, it would create a front-porch culture, that people would be out on their porches, talking to their neighbors next door, and to people walking down the street, or people riding their bikes. And that would be this culture that existed 40, 50 or 60 years ago. But that really has been one of the failures that we observed during our 2 years in this new town. And the people don’t spend very much time at all on their front porches. There are a couple of things going on. One is this central Florida and it’s hotter than hell a god part of the year. And sitting on your front porch, even if you have a fun going, can be a very uncomfortable thing. People prefer to be inside in the air-conditioning.W: What were some of the rules you had to live by in the new project? And did any of these rules bother you?M: well, the developer and I have different feelings about rules. His feeling is, if I can summarize these feelings for him, that you move in then knowing the rules, and if you don’t like them, you shouldn’t move in. I have some problems with rules. I just sometimes like to break them. And They just bother me because of their inexistence. But the rules sometimes were silly and sometimes weren’t. They dictated what colo r your curtains could be facing this street, and actually asked a woman with red curtains to remove them.W: really? Is that true?M: And they dictated where you could park your car and for how long. They dictated any sort of thing you could attach to you r house. You couldn’t attach a satellite dish to your house, they dictated forever the color of your house. And they dictate how often you have to repaint your house. They try to go a step further and remove plastic flowers and plastic furniture from that all important front porches. Some rules seem to go a little too far.Questions:1. What are the two speakers talking about?2. There are several planning elements for recreating a sense of community. Which of the following is not one of these elements?3. According to the conversation, what can we learn about the so-called front porch culture?4. Which of the following is not one of the rules that the residents have to live by?5. What does the man think of these rules according to the conversation?Listening Comprehension 2Question 6 to 10 are based on the following newsNew York, USThe biggest Wall Street banks slashed their small business loan portfolios by 9% between 2008 and 2009, more than double the rate at which they cut their overall lending, according to agovernment report released Thursday.The Congressional Oversight Panel report spotlights the role banks, especially the largest ones, played in the credit crunch that has plagued small companies throughout the recession."Big banks pulled back on everyone, but they pulled back harder on small businesses," Elizabeth Warren, the panel's chairwoman.Warren's oversight committee was established to keep tabs on the federal government's financial stabilization effort. The committee's May report focuses on the role her committee played in improving credit access for small companies.Madrid, SpainThe European Union eases trade with Latin America at Madrid summitThe EU plans to boost trade with Latin America despite warnings from some European ministers and farmers, who fear unfair competition.EU negotiations with the Mercosur trade bloc, frozen since 2004, will reopen. The Mercosur group embraces Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.Trade deals were also reached with Central America, Peru and Colombia, following marathon talks in Madrid. EU Commission president Jose Manuel Barroso said, “We have opened a ground-breaking chapter in the EU relationship with our Latin America and Caribbean partners.” The EU is pursuing regional trade agreements while global trade talks - the so-called Doha Round - have failed to make progress.Tripoli, LibyaMembers of a Dutch family are on their way to Libya after being told that the sole survivor of the plane crash that killed 103 people might be their relative. A member of the Dutch family told the media that officials had told her family the child being treated at a hospital in Tripoli might be her grandson, 9-year-old Ruben van Assouw.The Dutch foreign ministry confirmed that two presumed family members of the injured child were on their way to Tripoli.Ruben had been on safari in South Africa with his brother, mother and father. All of whomperished in the crash, said the newspaper.Sixty-one Dutch citizens were believed killed when the MA Flight 230 from Johannesburg to Tripoli crashed on landing in clear weather at 6am. The Times understands that seven passengers had been due to fly on to London. Two of the dead were Britons and one was Irish.London, the United KingdomTarget Corp posted a higher quarterly profit as consumers loosened their wallets to spend on items including clothing and electronics.The discount retailer said profit was $671 million in the first fiscal quarter that ended May 1, compared with $522 million a year earlier.Target has benefited from consumers becoming a bit more willing to spend on discretionary items such as clothing and home furnishings.The company previously said that sales at stores open at least a year rose 2.8 percent in the first quarter.Bonn, GermanyFears of greater financial regulation across Europe hammered stocks after German measures aimed at limiting speculation were taken to smack of desperation.Stock markets were unnerved by Germany's unilateral ban on certain naked shorts announced late on Tuesday. And the euro suffered a kneejerk reaction, falling more than 1 percent against the yen, as investors saw foreign exchange as the only way to bet against the euro zone.World stocks were down 1.43 percent whilst the more volatile emerging markets index fell 2.64 percent.There were also fears that the debt crisis was about to worsen as some believed Germany's move smacked of desperation.Questions:6. What did the Wall Street banks do between 2008 and 2009 as reported in the news?7. What did the European Union plan to do at the Madrid Summit?8. How many people were killed when the passenger plane from Johannesburg to Tripoli crashed on landing?9. How much profit did Target Corp make in the first quarter of the year?10. What did Germany’s rece nt financial measures aim at?Listening Comprehension 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.Man: When most couples married, they may discuss some things in advance like how many children they want or where they want to live. But most of the day-to-day details or problems of married life work out after marriage. Not so with Steven Karen Parsons who have a 15-page prenuptial agreement that states the rules they must follow in almost every aspect of their married life. Today, Karen is here with us.Man: Karen, first I’d like to ask you why you decided to write this agreement. You’ve both bee n married before. Am I right?Woman: Yes, I’ve been married twice and Steve was married once before. So we have some experience about what goes wrong in a marriage.Man: And that’s why you wrote this agreement.Woman: Yes, we found that many problems happen when a person has different expectations from his or her spouse. We want to talk about everything openly and honestly before we start living together. Also, we both know how important it is to respect each other’s quotes. We’re all bothered by things that seems small to someone else, like it used to really bother me when my ex-husband let his dirty clothes on the floor. So we put that in the agreement: dirty clothing must be put in a laundry bag. Now Steve knows what my expectations are.Man: I’m sure that some people hearing this report will think this contract isn’t very romantic. Woman: Well, we disagree. We think it’s very romantic. Disag reement shows that we set down and talked and really try to understand the other person. A lot of problems occur in a marriage because people don’t talk about what they want. That’s right. When we disagree about something, we workout solution. That’s good for both of us. I’d much rather do that than get some romantic gifts like flowers or candy.Man: Some of these rules sound like, well, a business agreement. Many of your rules concern money in some way, even the rules about having children.Woman: In our experience, disagreements about money can cause a lot of problems, so we talked about how we want to spend our money and put that in the agreement as well.Man: So do you spend a lot of time checking on each other to see if the rules are being followed? Woman: No, not at all. And we don’t argue about them, either. As a matter of fact I think we spend less time arguing than most couples. Because we both know what the other person expects. We can spend our time doing things we enjoy and just being with each other.Man: What happens if one of you breaks the rule.？Woman: We don’t think that will be a problem. No, becaus e we do agree on these rules.Man: But what if, say, you don’t want to cook di nner one night, what happens?Woman: Well, we talk about it and reach a compromise. Maybe there’s a good reason.Man: But if you break a lot of rules all the time?Woman: Then we have to ask ‘Is this marriage really working?’ Because if we can’t follow all our own agreement. There’s no point making it.Man: So it sounds like you two are happy with this agreement. Do you think other couples should follow your example and write the prenuptial agreement of their own?Woman: “So a lot of work to write an agreement, but I think it could be useful to a lot of people. Maybe there would be fewer divorces if everyone did this.Questions:11. About which of the following topics is the woman been interviewed?12. What can we learn about the man and the woman from the interview?13. According to the woman, why did so many problems happen in a marriage?14. What does the woman think of this contract?15. What happens if one of the couple sometimes breaks a rule of the contract?Listening Comprehension 4Question 16-20 are based on the following talk.Different cultures often have entirely different perceptions of time. The cultural anthropologist Edward T Hall popularized the idea that cultures use time and view time in very different ways. The idea of the past, present and future and the whole concept of scheduling or managing time can be so different that it leads to cross-cultural miscommunications. In his 1990 book，The Dance of Life, Hall writes time is one of the fundamental bases, on which all cultures rest, and around which all activities revolve. Understanding the difference between monochronic time and polychronic time is essential to success. Hall's notion of monochronism and polychronism can be understood as follows: monochronic time is linear, events scheduled one at a time, one event following another. To a monochronic culture, this type of schedule is valued over interpersonal relationships.On the other hand, polychronic time is characterized by many things happening simultaneously. In addition, interpersonal relationships are highly valued in polychronic cultures. Hall's theory is that monochronic time can be found primarily in North American and northern European cultures. These cultures emphasize schedules, punctuality and preciseness. They also emphasize doing things. They are cultures that value productivity, that value getting things done on time. They view time as something that can be lost, killed or wasted. Or conversely, they view as something that can or should be managed, planed and used efficiently. Polychronic time, on the other hand, can be found primarily in Latin American, African, and Native American cultures. Their conception of time is more connected to natural rhythms. It is connected to the earth, to the seasons. This makes sense when we consider that natural events can occur spontaneously, sporadically or concurrently. Polychronic cultures view time as being somewhat flexible. Since life isn't so predictable, scheduling and being processed simply isn't that important. In addition, relationships with people are valued more than making schedules. There is more value placed on being than on doing.Different cultural perceptions of time can lead to conflict, especially in the business world. The idea of being late versus on time for a meeting, for example, might differ widely between anAmerican business person and a Brazilian. The American business person might be far less tolerant of a Brazilian's late arrival. However, the Brazilian business person might be offended by an American's insistence on punctuality, or on getting right down to business. The Brazilian would generally prefer to finish talking with colleagues first and would not want to cut conversation short in order to make an appointment. Some traditional time management programs used in the business world might not translate well in another culture. Traditional time management programs in the business world emphasize to-do-list and careful scheduling. They are monochronic. However, a business in a polychronic culture might not adjust well to that system. Companies, who impose those monochronic systems on places of business in polychronic cultures, might be guilty of ethno-centrism, which means making their own ethnical cultural values central and not valuing other values. Edward Hall's theory of monochronic and polychronic cultures has been challenged by some critics. Some people think it is overly general. They argue that within any culture group we might find people who think of time differently.In other words, a primarily polychronic culture might have both monochronic and polychronic types of people. The same diversity among individuals might be found in a primarily monochronic culture. Critics of anthropologist like Edward Hall feel that it is more useful to think of time differences among individuals, not just between culture groups.Questions:16. Which of the following topics is the person talking about?17. What can we learn about Monochronism from the cultural anthropologist Edward T Hall?18. Which of the following statements apply to Polychronism according to Edward Hall?19. In the business world, who would prefer to finish talking with colleagues before keeping an appointment?20. Edward Hall's theory has been challenged by some critics. What do these critics think of his theory?【上半场阅读理解第一篇】Congress began 2010 with a bad case of legislative déjàvu. Last year, it approved a $787billion stimulus package meant to "create or save" millions of jobs. President Obama says the stimulus has saved or created as many as 2 million jobs so far. But even if that highly optimistic figure is true, in the real world, over 3 million jobs have been lost since the stimulus was signed into law – a dismal feat all financed with enormous debt. Now Congress is working on another stimulus package, but they're calling it a jobs bill. In December, the House passed a $174 billion "Jobs for Main Street Bill" that would use federal dollars to fund job-creating infrastructure projects, while extending unemployment benefits. Sound familiar?Unemployment remains at about 10 percent and state unemployment insurance funds are running out of money. While the Obama administration works to artificially inflate the number of jobs, the unemployed face diminished opportunities and income security. By 2012, 40 state unemployment trust funds are projected to be empty, requiring $90 billion in federal loans to continue operating. Normally, state unemployment benefits pay jobless workers between 50 and 70 percent of their salaries for up to 26 weeks. But during this recession, Congress has extended those benefits four times. The result is that some workers can now claim benefits for 99 weeks. Now Congress may enact a record fifth extension. What would be wrong with that? Everything. The state-federal unemployment insurance program (UI) is an economic drag on businesses and states. And it's a poor safety net for the unemployed.UI, a relic of the Great Depression, fails workers when they need it most. UI trust funds depend on a state-levied payroll tax on employers. During boom years, these funds are generally flush. But during recessions, they can get depleted quickly. The bind is that to replenish their UI fund, states have to raise payroll taxes. That hurts the bottom line for businesses both large and small. Passed on to workers as a lower salary, high payroll taxes discourage businesses from hiring. During steep recessions, states face a fiscal Catch-22: Reduce benefits or raise taxes. To date, 27 states have depleted their UI funds and are using $29 billion in federal loans they'll have to start repaying in 2011. Other states are slashing benefits. While federal guidelines recommend that states keep one year's worth of unemployment reserves, many states entered the recession already insolvent. When federal loans are exhausted, the only option left is higher payroll taxes – a move sure to discourage hiring and depress salaries.The increasingly small and uncertain payouts of UI are the opposite of income security. Theeffect of UI's eight-decade experiment has been to condition workers to save less for a "rainy day" and instead rely on a system that provides no guarantee. UI limits personal responsibility to save; gradually, individuals find themselves in financial peril. Real reform requires putting employees in charge with individual private accounts and getting the government out of the business of creating illusionary safety nets.Unemployment Insurance Savings Accounts (UISA), by contrast, give workers control of their own income, eliminating the negative effects of the UI program on businesses and budgets. Adopted by Chile in 2003, UISAs are also financed via a payroll tax on individual workers and employers. The difference is the money is directly deposited into the individual worker's account. Basically a form of forced savings, UISAs allow individuals to draw on their own accounts during periods of unemployment and roll unused funds into their savings upon retirement. With the burden reduced on employers, wages rise, leading to greater contributions to the individual's fund. The federal government is removed from the picture, and all workers are guaranteed a savings account upon retirement.UISAs liberate workers from uncertainty and improve incentives. When unemployed workers must rely on their own funds rather than the common fiscal pool, they find jobs faster. Congress's repeated extensions of the current UI program may be well intended, but they may also be counterproductive. Like any deadline extension, additional jobless benefits diminish the job seeker's urgency, all at taxpayers' expense.Today, expanded UI benefits mean higher state payroll taxes, which make it harder for employers to expand hiring or raise wages. UISAs, on the other hand, make the payroll tax on business part of the employer's investment in an individual worker, rather than a penalty for doing business. In 2010, it's time to say goodbye to the problems created by broken policies. Congress should start this decade with a promise for true economic freedom: Let businesses create jobs and let workers keep what they've earned.【上半场阅读理解第二篇】LIKE the space telescope he championed, astronomer Lyman Spitzer faced some perilousmoments in his career. Most notably, on a July day in 1945, he happened to be in the Empire State building when a B-25 Mitchell bomber lost its way in fog and crashed into the skyscraper 14 floors above him. Seeing debris falling past the window, his curiosity got the better of him, as Robert Zimmerman recounts in his Hubble history, The Universe in a Mirror. Spitzer tried to poke his head out the window to see what was going on, but others quickly convinced him it was too dangerous.Spitzer was not the first astronomer to dream of sending a telescope above the distorting effects of the atmosphere, but it was his tireless advocacy, in part, that led NASA to launch the Hubble Space Telescope in 1990. Initially jubilant, astronomers were soon horrified to discover that Hubble's 2.4-metre main mirror had been ground to the wrong shape. Although it was only off by 2.2 micrometres, this badly blurred the telescope's vision and made the scientists who had promised the world new images and science in exchange for $1.5 billion of public money the butt of jokes. The fiasco, inevitably dubbed "Hubble Trouble" by the press, wasn't helped when even the limited science the crippled Hubble could do was threatened as its gyroscopes, needed to control the orientation of the telescope, started to fail one by one.By 1993, as NASA prepared to launch a rescue mission, the situation looked bleak. The telescope "probably wouldn't have gone on for more than a year or two" without repairs, says John Grunsfeld, an astronaut who flew on the most recent Hubble servicing mission. Happily, the rescue mission was a success. Shuttle astronauts installed new instruments that corrected for the flawed mirror, and replaced the gyroscopes. Two years later, Hubble gave us the deepest ever view of the universe, peering back to an era just 1 billion years after the big bang to see the primordial building blocks that aggregated to form galaxies like our own.The success of the 1993 servicing mission encouraged NASA to mount three more (in 1997, 1999 and 2002). Far from merely keeping the observatory alive, astronauts installed updated instruments on these missions that dramatically improved Hubble's power. It was "as if you took in your Chevy Nova [for repairs] and they gave you back a Lear jet," says Steven Beckwith, who from 1998 to 2005 headed the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, Maryland, where Hubble's observations are planned. Along the way, in 1998, Hubble's measurements of supernovas in distant galaxies unexpectedly revealed that the universe is expanding at anever-increasing pace, propelled by a mysterious entity now known as dark energy. In 2001 the space observatory also managed to make the first measurement of a chemical in the atmosphere of a planet in an alien solar system.Despite its successes, Hubble's life looked like it would be cut short when in 2004, NASA's then administrator Sean O'Keefe announced the agency would send no more servicing missions to Hubble, citing unacceptable risks to astronauts in the wake of the Columbia shuttle disaster of 2003, in which the craft exploded on re-entry, killing its crew. By this time, three of Hubble's gyroscopes were already broken or ailing and no one was sure how long the other three would last. Citizen petitions and an outcry among astronomers put pressure on NASA, and after a high-level panel of experts declared that another mission to Hubble would not be exceptionally risky, the agency reversed course, leading to the most recent servicing mission, in May 2009.No more are planned. The remainder of the shuttle fleet that astronauts used to reach Hubble is scheduled to retire by the year's end. And in 2014, NASA plans to launch Hubble's successor, an infrared observatory called the James Webb Space Telescope, which will probe galaxies even further away and make more measurements of exoplanet atmospheres.According to Grunsfeld, now STScI's deputy director, plans are afoot for a robotic mission to grab Hubble when it reaches the end of its useful life, nudging it into Earth's atmosphere where most of it would be incinerated. Only the mirror is sturdy enough to survive the fall into an empty patch of ocean.But let's not get ahead of ourselves - Hubble is far from finished. The instruments installed in May 2009, including the Wide Field Camera 3, which took this image of the Butterfly nebula, 3800 light years away, have boosted its powers yet again. It might have as much as a decade of life left even without more servicing. "It really is only reaching its full stride now, after 20 years," says Grunsfeld.A key priority for Hubble will be to explore the origin of dark energy by probing for it at earlier times in the universe's history. Hubble scientist Malcolm Niedner of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, is not willing to bet on what its most important discovery will be. "More than half of the most amazing textbook-changing science to emerge from this telescope occurred in areas we couldn't even have dreamed of," he says. "Expect the。
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编辑点评：欧盟委员会目前有世界上最大的口译团队，欧委会口译总司仅正式雇用的同传译员就有近500名，可以把英语译成19种语言。
欧盟与我国签订协议，按照承诺，欧盟每年要为中国培养一定数量的译员。
先说说初试，听10分钟的中文会议发言，可以记笔记，然后用中文交传。
然后是两篇英汉互译。
中翻英能力确实很能考验一个人的实力，我一直这么认为。
英翻中大家一般不会有什么问题。
然后是复试。
第一天是口译研究生的面试，据说他们是13个人进了复试，考了一天。
第二天是社会考生的面试，也是一整天。
大概有12个人进了复试吧。
考官有4个人，一个就是白威廉老师（男），据说是上外高翻毕业的，比较严肃，在外经贸任教。
再就是欧盟口译司飞过来一个考官Thompson，男，大概50多岁，做英法同传的，英国腔听着很舒服，很绅士。
还有两位女老师，都是这个项目的负责人。
金老师本来通知我下午3点40到的，我提前到了后发现，，每个人都要考很长时间，我是最后一个，我考完之后大概到晚上7点左右了。
Thompson很和蔼，见到我之后说，OK, the last but not the least.我听了自然开心，冲他笑着说thanks。
先是自我介绍，因为他们想了解一下你的背景。
然后是即兴演说，在一沓纸条里抽签，抽一个题目，上外一个考友的题目是，为什么中国的银行需要改革，我觉得这个很难讲。
我的题目是，为什么发展中国家更要注重对教育的投资。
相对好说一点。
但是老实说，因为是现场发挥的缘故，思路会受限制，说不出什么来。
我自我感觉说的过程中，我有一两个句子的亮点，希望全寄托在这上面了，因为我感觉我没讲多少内容。
然后是Thompson读了4分钟的英文，当时觉得好长啊，怎么还不停啊，让我用中文复述。
然后是一个女老师用中文读了4分钟的内容，让我用英文复述。
材料都比较平常吧，主要考你的逻辑和记忆力，以及英文的表达能力吧。
我一直认为我的记忆力是很不错的。
所以考得比较轻松。
我考得挺快的，我觉得，完了Thompson还开玩笑呢，问旁边的老师你们有什么问题再考考她，后来又转头笑着对我说，和你开玩笑的，OK了。
我用英文祈使句问“我可以走了吗？”然后他们说可以了。
然后我说老师们辛苦了，就走了。
过程就是这样，很简单是吧？英文能力上去了，什么考试都不是问题。
这是我对于各种各样考试的总结。
考完三四天就接到通知了。
挺开心的，我会好好把握这两年的时间。
祝福我学业有成啊！最后希望能有更多的同学加入到我们的队伍中来。
也希望我们的项目办得越来越好。
注：欧盟委员会目前有世界上最大的口译团队，欧委会口译总司仅正式雇用的同传译员就有近500名，可以把英语译成19种语言。
欧盟与我国签订协议，按照承诺，欧盟每年要为中国培养一定数量的译员。
目前Array
对外经济贸易大学与欧盟口译司有合作，在北京开设了中欧高级译员培训中心。