新编英语教程第三版第4册 Unit 2 text2
新编英语教程4(李观仪主编)Unit2课件
To express the idea of much, the following phrases can be used:
The passage can divided into three parts.
1)Introduction
The writer directly tells us what euphemisms are by making a comparison between phrases in ordinary usage and euphemisms. (Paras 1-2)
hair long because it is a sign of slovenliness, to say the least. It is not strange that Plomer should disapprove of having a telephone at home, as he thinks it is a pest as well as a time-waster.
vast quantities of—large/great quantities of or a large/vast/great quantity of
To express the idea of many, the following words and phrases can be used:
Italian. → She is no more able to speak Italian than her
新编英语教程第三版unit4【可编辑】
Unit 4Language StructureMain Teaching Points:1.Modal auxiliaries may/might used to express “possibility”eg. It may/might be fine tomorrow.2.Modal auxiliaries should/ ought to expressing “obligation”eg. He should/ought to get up early and take some exercise every day. 3.Modal auxiliaries would rather expressing “preference”eg. I would rather do some reading.4.Modal auxiliaries must and can’t used to express “strong probability”and “impossibility” respectivelyeg. He must be in the gym. // He can’t be there.Useful Expressionsgo-mountain climbing be in good healthtake notice of be weak in / be poor insuffer from sth. live transmission of sports eventsDialogue A Trip to ChinaA. Listening to the recordingB. Questions on specific detailsC. Broad questions:1. Describe the changes in China’s rural areas, particularly in the coastal areas.2. What are the ways in which Chinese farmers get up-to-dateinformation?3. Why college education important for modern farmers?4. Do you believe in “Y ou get what you put in”?D. Language Points1. Fancy meeting you here.=It’s a surprise to meet you here.2. world-renowned/ world-famous世界闻名的eg. 1) Shanghai is a world-renowned cosmopolitan metropolis.上海是国际知名的大都会。
新编英语教程4Unit
点击此处添加正文，请言简意赅的阐述观点。
Interaction activities: Music I Like and Dislike
点击此处添加正文，请言简意赅的阐述观点。
l Guided writing:
点击此处添加正文，请言简意赅的阐述观点。
Basic writing techniques—Expansion of the sentence base
点击此处添加正文，请言简意赅的阐述观点。
Text I l Pre-reading activities
Pair work: My favorite music
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus (1756-1791 )(Austria)
Mozart was a child prodigy. Mozart was probably the greatest composer that ever lived for he had a gift that no one else has ever had. He could compose a perfect piece of music, while playing cards with his friends. Yet even with this gift Mozart died at the young age of thirty-five from over work. Most sadly of all the genius was buried in a pauper's grave.
3.Individual work: famous composers Bach, Johann Sebastian (1685-1750 ) (Germany)
大学英语精读第三版第四册Book4 Unit2答案
大学英语精读第三版第四册Book4 Unit2答案1) bull2) horse3) dog4) dog5) tiger6) tiger7) lioness8) goose9) fowl10) cock11) duck1) practical2) scarcity3) external4) raise5) rise6) waste7) deficiency8) minimum9) draw10) insufficient11) reduce12) freeze1) fundamental2) deposited3) in the form of4) in good condition/in condition5) currencies6) resources7) lowering8) conceived9) Rhythm10) reserve11) romantic12) productivity13) dependent14) internal1) mature2) reserve3) deposit/deposit enough money4) currency5) ample6) fundamental7) given birth to8) somewhat9) an excess10) expended11) safeguard12) conceive1) drew on/draws on2) depend on3) slowing down4) put on5) turn down1) The country is trying to be/become less dependent on foreign aid.2) It amused us to see the actor's beard fall off.3) The rhythm of life is made up of a cycle of birth, youth, maturity, and death.4) Conservation of our mineral resources is highly important because they can never be replenished.5) Parking spaces in this city are scarce on Saturdays.1) man-eating2) earth-shaking3) body-building4) labor-saving5) fact-finding6) record-breaking7) tone-setting8) paper-cutting1) biochemistry: the science that deals with the chemical processes of living animals and plants; biological chemistry2) biocide: any substance poisonous to life3) bioconversion: the conversion of biological waste, garbage, and plant material into energy, fertilizer, and other useful products4) biophysics: the branch of biology which applies the laws of physics to explain the phenomena of biology5) ecoactivity: any project or undertaking to combat pollution or improve the quality of the environment6) ecocatastrophe: a large-scale or world-wide disaster resulting from uncontrolled use of pollutants7) ecocide: the destruction of the earth's environment or ecology through the uncontrolled use of pollutants8) ecospecies: a group of organisms only somewhat fertile with organisms of related groups, usually considered equivalent to a species1) All children in that country are2) all her life/her whole life3) Whole Indian tribes in the region were killed off.4) the whole staff/all the staff5) all the time/the whole time6) this whole business/all this business1) in the case of Tom: he was ill.2) A case in point is Dujiangyan, which was built about 2000 years ago.3) in the case of my two college sons, they try to live on their parents as long as possible.4) A case in point is the successful launching of space shuttles.5) A case in point is the chimp, who can learn to paint like a small child.1) He does not lend his books to everybody.2) She is not always so cooperative.3) Not all his stories make interesting reading.4) This plant is not to be found everywhere.5) The exhibits are not all of them worth looking at.1) go round2) romantic3) fundamental4) dependent5) resources6) abundant7) deposited8) scarce9) slowing down10) pull through11) draw on12) in good condition13) give birth to1) with2) on3) future4) as5) to6) cycles7) rhythms8) from9) body10) other11) studying12) over13) that14) effects15) direction16) take17) one翻译1) 比尔已是个成熟的小伙子，不再依赖父母替他做主。
《新编英语教程》第 4 册的课文
《新编英语教程》（修订版）第四册Unit 1 [见教材P1]This year it’s going to be different今年会有所不同Will Stanton (U.S.)威尔.斯坦顿（美国）are like anything else—you get out of them what you put in. ②Judging from results of other years, I had never put enough in, but this year was going to be different. ③I read books on self-improvement before I wrote my list. ④Find some beauty in everything.... Make the other fellow feel important.... About thirty likethat. ⑤a richer life, boundless love from his family, and the admiration of the community. ⑥I c ould hardly wait until New Year’s Day.①新年计划和其他任何事物一样——你付出多少，你就收获多少。
②从往年的结果来看，我就从来没有付出过，但是今年将有所不同。
③我读了一些关于自我提高的书，并作了记录：要发现各种事物的美；要让对方感觉到自己受到尊重，……大约有三十条。
④很显然，任何人，只要遵循我搜集的这些规则，都会享有更加丰富的人生，都会从家庭中获得无尽的关爱，都会受到社区居民的尊重。
⑤我几乎迫不及待地要过新年了。
①When I came downstairs Maggie, my wife, was at the kitchen sink.②I tiptoed over and kissed her on the back of the neck. (Resolution No. 1: Be spontaneous in showing affection.) ③She shrieked and dropped a cup.④“Don’t ever sneak up on me like that again!” she cried.①我下了楼梯，妻子Maggie正在厨房的洗涤槽旁边。
《新视野英语教程(第三版)》教学资源book4Unit2-Section A
triumph quickly throws the apple over the fence. I run to pick it
up, holding it in my frozen fingers. In my world of death this
新编英语教程第三版第四册练习册翻译题答案(总主编李观仪,主编梅德明版)
新编英语教程第三版第四册练习册翻译题答案（总主编李观仪，主编梅德明版）Unit11. 每当他午夜下班回家，他总是蹑手蹑脚地上楼，以免吵醒邻居。
Every time he returned home from work at midnight, he would tiptoe upstairs,trying not to disturb his neighbors.2. 为了与新来的邻居建立一种和睦的关系，格林先生不失时机地主动帮她把行李搬进屋子。
To establish some kind of rapport with his new neighbor, Mr.Jones lost no chance in offering to carry her luggage into the house.3. 米勒博士向我们推荐的文章中论述了空气污染问题，同时也提到了诸如水污染、噪音污染和视觉污染等问题。
The article recommended by ler centers on the problem of air pollution; meanwhile, it touches upon others issues such as water pollution, noise pollution and visual pollution.4. 要不是她朋友时常鼓励她、帮助她，她将一事无成。
If it had not been for the constant encouragement and help from her friends, she couldn ’t have accomplished anything.5. 几天前他还对这项计划嗤之以鼻，可他现在却以高涨的热情去努力落实这项计划，这转变真令人难以理解。
It was only a few days ago that he was full of contempt for the new project, but he is now working hard with zest for its realization. What a baffling change!6. 从她的自传可以断定，她对那名钢琴师始终怀有一种复杂的感情。
新编英语教程第三册第二单元课件
A New English Course (Third Edition)
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
Unit 6
Unit 7
Unit 8
Unit 9
Unit 10
Unit 11
Unit 12
Unit 2 The Wedding Letter
Unit 2 The Wedding Letter
Lead-In Listening In and Speaking Out Text Oral Work Guided Writing Comprehensive Exercises
It‟s a beautiful night We‟re looking for something dumb to do Hey, baby, I think I wanna marry you Is it the look in your eyes Or is it this dancing juice Who cares, baby I think I wanna marry you Well, I know this little chapel on the boulevard we can go No one will know Come on, girl,
新编英语教程（第三版）第三册
Unit 2 The Wedding Letter
Lead-In Listening In and Speaking Out Text Oral Work Guided Writing Comprehensive Exercises
2. From the wedding, what do you think the relationship between the two sons and their new father and mother will be like ? They will be living in harmony with each other.
《新编英语教程》第四册unit4text2译文
我们还有隐私吗我们关于"Privacy, Circa 2025" 的鬼屋的恶梦可能聚焦于这些一直窥视我们的全视监视器，它们已经存在，能够在从很远的地方观察到你的草坪需要修剪、你的小狗需要洗澡。
到2025年，它们将足够先进。
音频间谍技术也在快速的发展。
但是，隐私的最大威胁还不存在，直到2025年，这种威胁才达到最高峰。
今天，我们被广播电台和电视的传讯波所吞没。
到2025年我们又会被含有数十亿信息结构的电子环境所吞没，这种信息结构穿梭在我们的生活所依靠的语言，声音和画面中。
这是因为电子世界将在2025年达到一种连接的状态。
不是手机、电脑和电视网络的结合，而是一个网络可以完成。
电视,手机和电脑都是在一个主题上的变化。
正如广播收听电台一样的，它们的功能将是为了协调这些信息结构。
这些网络结构将有许多不同的形状和大小，但是有一种类型，即网络流（cyberstream）可能比其他的更加重要。
一个网络流就是你日常生活的电子纪事报，它的记录不断积累，就像一条不断延长的线上的奇形怪状的珍珠———每一个来电记录和电子邮件，每一笔账单和银行对账单，每一个网络书签，生日照片，Rolodex卡片以及日程记录。
不可抗拒的便利：在一处便可实现你的整个人生。
使用任何一个电脑，一部手机或者是一台电视，就可以了解天下事。
仅仅是把你的卡插入卡槽，通过一个安全测试（提供密码或者是指纹），然后你就可以进入了。
在屏幕上看你的电子化的生活或者通过电话听到一个描述，从最新的新闻开始，和工作回来。
通过把所有的信息输入到带有统计分析的食物处理器中，这些软件就可以处理你的各种信息，明白你的想法，就像你忠实的仆人可以对你未来的计划做出惊人准确的猜想。
它们会发现存在在你生活中的模式。
它们将会正确的回应你的简短的口头指令（叫朱丽叶，买食物，打印新闻），因为它们将会知道到底谁是朱丽叶，你需要什么食物，什么养的新闻故事你想要读。
因此，在2025年，生活会很轻松。
新编英语教程第三版4第二章1翻译
Salvation拯救Langston Hughes（U.S.）兰斯顿.休斯（美国）①I was saved from sin when I was going on thirteen. ②But not reallysaved. ④There was a big revival at my Auntie Reed’s church. ⑤Every night for weeks there had been much preaching singing, praying, and shouting, and some very hardened sinners had been brought to Christ, and the membership of the church had grown by leapsand bounds. ⑥Then the revival ended, they held a special meeting for children, “to bring the young lambs to the fold.” ⑦My aunt spoke of it for days ahead. ⑧That night I was escorted to the front row and placed on the mourners’ bench with all the other young sinners, who had not yet been brought to Jesus.①我，快十三岁的时候，被上帝从罪恶中拯救出来，但事实上并不是真的被拯救了。
②事情的经过是这个样子的，那一年我姑妈Reed 所在的教会有一场大型的福音布道会。
③一连几个星期，每天晚上都有很多场布道。
④人们唱着赞美歌，祈祷，欢呼，一些罪孽深重的人皈依了上帝，教会的人数迅速增加。
⑤就在布道会结束之前，他们专门为儿童举行了一场，这是“要把年幼的羔羊带到上帝的羊圈里”。
新编英语教程第三版第4册 Unit 2 text2
Valuing ChildhoodThe value of childhood is easily blurred in today's world. Consider some recent developments:The child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark. schoolyard shooting casel were convicted and sentenced.Two boys, 7 and 8 were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago. Continents away,children as young as 11 were being recruited to fight in Congo's renewed civil war.Children who commit horrible crimes ostensibly act on their own volition4. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the cOurt5 couldn't begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive - youthful jealousy and resentment. But a deeper question lingers: Why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint?That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl's bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids. But those children just out of second or third grade resort to lethal viciousness.The pre-teen soldiers in Congo are probably not making their own decisions. But they, too,are caught in a moral void, where the innocence of childhood and the instruction of family and 1s community arereplaced by reflexive violence and killing.Redeeming young livesThe problems of eventually redeeming such youthful warriors can be daunting. Experience in countries torn by civil war, like Mozambique and Afghanistan, attests to this.Redemption, however, is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives Jistorted by acts of violencez The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago, if they too are convicted, will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, chiidren are not - cannot - be dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized.hat's why politicians' cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.Maybe provision should be made for longer detention of children who commit heinous crimes. But the decreasing years of perpetrators cry out for' a much broader response.To begin with, the cultural context of youth crime in modern society demands scrutiny. Popular forms of entertainment expose children to material - graphic violence, implicit and explicita sex - that skews moral sensibility. Movies, video games, TV shows, pop music lyrics, and electronic junk mail present children with images and issues that too easily crowd out interests and pursuits more suitable for children. All aresymptomatic of, and contribute to, a mental environment short on moral boundaries.Many sources of moral voidBut the moral void that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes. So does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they're doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought? Churches must strengthen their moral instruction. Social critic and author Stephen Carter points out that religious training lies at the core of civilized behavior.Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do law enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance.Internationally, treaties and conventions exist to prohibit the misuse of children in militaries or sweatshops. Pressure to honor them should be incessant.The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood,so that tragic gaps in moral judgment are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don't go that far, but who nonetheless lack themoral foundations childhood should provide - and which progressive human society relies on.The world's needSpeaking to the members of her church, but striking a theme for adults and children everywhere, the founder of this newspaper, Mary Baker Eddy, once said: "Beloved children, the world has need of you - and more as children than as men and women: it needs your innocence, unselfishness .0 faithful affection, uncontaminated lives."A world that truncates childhood too easily loses sight of the values and qualities - such as faithfulness and unselfishness - that underlie constructive adulthood.The tragedies visited on us by children who appear to be morally adrift are alarms that can't be ignored.。
李观仪《新编英语教程》(第3版)(课文精解 Unit 2)【圣才出品】
四、课文精解Dialogue1.I certainly will one of these days…：句中one of these days释义为in the near future，before long“不久以后”。
2.We can’t afford the time when school is in session：afford为（某目的）有足够的时间，金钱等。
session学期，学年。
词组in session可用来表示“开会，开庭”。
例：The court is now in session.法庭现在开庭。
3.a one-way bus ride单程车。
round trip环程旅行。
a round-trip ticket一张往返票。
4.on narrow winding roads：句中现在分词winding当形容词使用，释义为twisting or turning;sinuous“弯曲的，蜿蜒的”。
5.I heard that Huangshan is famous for…:本句中，主句部分使用一般过去时“heard”，正常情况下，从句部分时态应与之一致，也使用一般过去时，但此处却使用了一般现在时“is famous for”，是因为从句部分陈述的是客观事实，因此不用改变时态。
陈述客观事实，真理等的从句，都用一般现在时，不需与主句时态保持一致。
例：The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.Reading I1.In a country of free enterprise,where business interests are so powerful,these parks play an essential role：free enterprise自由企业，政府很少干预的自主经营。
play a role in…在…方面起作用。
新编英语教程4第三版U1-U6 comprehension B
Pretty clearly, anyone who followed my collection of rules would be blessed with a richer life, boundless love from his family and the admiration of the community.显而易见,只要跟着我整理的规则将拥有一个富裕的生活,还有来自他的家庭和社区那无穷无尽的爱。
Be spontaneous in showing affection.在展示的是自发的感情。
A sincere compliment is worth its weight in gold.真诚的赞美是值得重量的黄金。
Meet your child at his own level.满足你的孩子在自己的水平。
There was a series of shrieks down the hall. I found Gretchen in tears.有一系列的尖叫声大厅。
我发现格雷琴在泪水中。
The most trivial chore can prove rewarding if approached with zest.最琐碎的家务可以证明奖励如果处理的热情。
I struck up a conversation with kit, trying to establish some kind of rapport.我建立了一个谈话装备武器,试图建立一种和睦的关系。
You never bothered with small talk before, why start now?你没耐心地闲谈之前,为什么现在开始吗?Every night for weeks there had been much preaching, singing, praying, and shouting, and some very hardened. Sinners had been brought to Christ, and the membership of the church had grown by leaps and bounds.每天晚上在周已经多了说教,唱歌,祈祷,和叫喊,一些非常坚硬。
李观仪《新编英语教程（4）》（第3版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】
目 录Unit 1一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 2一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 3一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 4一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 5一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 6一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 7一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 8一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 9一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 10一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 11一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 12一、词汇短语二、参考译文三、课文精解四、练习答案Unit 1一、词汇短语Text I1. resolution [7rezE5lju:FEn] n. a resolving to do something决心，决定：determined/ unshakable/ inflexible resolution坚定的决心；come to/ form/ make/ take a resolution下定决心2. bless [bles] vt. to confer well-being or prosperity on保佑，赐福：be blessed with 有幸拥有3. boundless [5baJndlIs] adj. having no boundaries or limits无限的，无边无际的：Stars are twinkling in the boundless sky.在辽阔无垠的天空上到处是繁星闪烁。
4. tiptoe [5tiptEu] vi. to walk or move quietly on one’s toes踮起脚走：She tiptoed to the bedside of the sleeping child.她用脚尖悄悄地走到酣睡的孩子床前。
《新编英语教程》第 4 册的课文
《新编英语教程》（修订版）第四册Unit 1 [见教材P1]This year it’s going to be different今年会有所不同Will Stanton (U.S.)威尔.斯坦顿（美国）are like anything else—you get out of them what you put in. ②Judging from results of other years, I had never put enough in, but this year was going to be different. ③I read books on self-improvement before I wrote my list. ④Find some beauty in everything.... Make the other fellow feel important.... About thirty likethat. ⑤表示关心。
）③她尖叫一声，把一个茶杯摔倒地上，对我大声嚷道“再也不要悄悄地走到我身后啦！”①“You’re looking lovely this morning,” I said. (A sincere compliment is worth its weight in gold. )①“你今天上午看起来非常可爱，”我说。
（新年计划：真诚的赞美像金子一样宝贵。
）①“Look,” she said, “it wasn’t my idea to stay out until four a.m.”“要知道，”她说，“并不是我想要在外边待到凌晨四点的。
”①I took some aspirin and coffee into the living room. ②I’d just started reading the paper when Sammy, our five-year-old, came in. ③He was wearing the watch he’d received for Christmas.④“Say, Dad,” he said, “what makes a watch run?”①我拿了一些阿司匹林和咖啡来到客厅。
新编英语教程3 Unit4
Feat (line 17) A notable achievement.功绩
E.g. His heroic feats made him a legend in his own time. Hitch (line 18)
Travel by getting free rides from motorists.搭便 车 E.g. We hitched ride in a truck yesterday.
Sink into （line 16） 陷进去
E.g. He was very tired and sank into a chair.
by grace of (line 17)
承蒙
E.g. It was only by the grace of God that no one died.
Foreboding （line 6）
A feeling of evil to come(对不祥之事的)预感 E.g. She had a foreboding that she will never see him again.
Shudder （line 10） Shake, as from cold; tremble , as from fear or excitement. 战栗 E.g. The sight of the snake sent a shudder through him. Inaugurate (line 19) To be a start of .开创 E.g. to inaugurate a new era.
It cutterhead —a huge wheel with tungstentipped teeth—chews into the last trace of rock separating England from France.(line 45) "Chews into" is an usage of personification. It vividly shows the work progress of this machine.
新编英语教程第三版第五单元课件
Movie Clip Quotes
新编英语教程（第三版）第三册
Unit 5 On Not Answering the Telephone
unit2unit3unit1unit4新编英语教程第三版第三册新编英语教程第三版第三册anewenglishcoursethirdeditionunit6unit7unit8unit9unit10unit5unit11unit12unit5onnotansweringthetelephoneleadleadininlisteninginandspeakingoutlisteninginandspeakingouttextoralworkguidedwritingcomprehensiveexercisestextoralworkguidedwritingcomprehensiveexercisesmovieclipquotesquotes新编英语教程第三版第三册unit5onnotansweringthetelephoneleadlead
新编英语教程（第三版）第三册
Unit 5 On Not Answering the Telephone
Lead-In Listening In and Speaking Out Text Oral Work Guided Writing Comprehensive Exercises
- You OK? - Yeah. - ... and pairs auditions for our two leads. - Pfft. - Mr. Danforth, this is a place of learning, not a hockey arena. There is also a final sign-up for next week’s scholastic decathlon competition. Chem Club president Taylor McHessey can answer all of your questions about that. Ah, the cell phone menace has returned to our crucible of learning. - Is it your phone?
新编英语教程第三版第三册·U2
新编英语教程（第三版）第三册
Unit 2 The Wedding Letter
新编英语教程（第三版）第三册
Unit 2 The Wedding Letter
新编英语教程（第三版）第三册
Unit 2 The Wedding Letter
The Wedding Letter In the bride’s room, sipping champagne with her bridesmaids, Simone could not help but think about all that had gone into getting to today. Her wedding day was going to be the biggest, most lavish event of the social calendar to date. There had been some hiccups, namely her frugal, meek mannered, goodie two shoes, step-mummy, Alice.
新编英语教程（第三版）第三册
Unit 2 The Wedding Letter
Simone was still preening with smugness an hour later when a special delivery arrived. When the guests heard the bloodcurdling scream, the priest rushed to investigate, followed closely by the father of the groom. Inside they found Simone in a heap on the floor screaming and ranting; pulling at her hair; make up tear streaked down her face, uncontrollably sobbing, clutching a single piece of paper.
《新编英语教程》第三版第四册教案 (2)
Book IVUnit 1(6 hours)1. Teaching objectivesa.Understand the New Year’s resolution and the text structure.(What is the father going to change thisyear? How does he try to make this year different? Why the results all went contrary to his expectations?)b.L earn the essential elements of narration, such as “time sequence, suspense, tone and style” Learnlanguage points; appreciate the writing techniques and rhetorical devices.c.Have a basic understanding of ambition in text 2.d.Oral speaking practice2.Teaching focusa.Vocabulary: resolution; spontaneous; escape mechanism; swarm around; morality rapportb. A brief summary of the ways to express futurityc.Appreciate the narrative skills demonstrated in the text(the selections of the details, theconversational tone; idiomatic and straightforward writing style; the use of the exaggeration; the frequent use of the verb-preposition and verb-particle combination to make his writing very informald.The writer carried out his New Year’s resolution faithfully to improve him self, but the results allwent contrary to his expectations. Why?3.Teaching StepsTEXT I This Year It’s Going to Be Different3.1. Pre-reading QuestionsStarting from the Interaction Activities on page 16, ask the students to talk about their new term’s resolutions.Conclusion: It’s often easier to make resolutions than to carry them out.3.2. The Main IdeaThe statement that best sums up the main idea is (3): “The writer carried out his New Year’s resolution faithfully to improve himself, but the results all went contrary to his expectations.”3.3. Language points1. A brief summary of the ways to express futurity1) The neutral future is formed by using the auxiliaries will/ shall and infinitive.Examples:Tomorrow will be his Sunday. (Level 3, Unit 3)Is it possible to make an atomic engine that will be really safe in every circumstance?(Level 3,Unit 6)2) The construction to be going to is used to express future intention.Examples:This year it is going to be different.I know what the kids are going to do.Note: This construction cannot be used for neutral futurity, which does not depend on any person’s will or intention. For Example, both the following sentences are wrong.* Tomorrow is going to be his Sunday.* If you go to the U.S.A., you are going to come across the remarkable, almost legendaryhospitality of the American of the West.3) The construction be to do (something) is used to express arrangement or command.Examples:Now let all men know that crops are to be planted as usual. (Level 3, Unit 11)Shaka ordered: “All women who are found with child are to be put to death with their husbands.”4) The construction be about to is used to express near future.Examples:Roy and Sammy were about to perform open-heart surgery on Mrs. Robinson with a scoutknife.=Roy and Sammy were just going to do an open-heart operation on Mrs. Robinson witha scout knife.She was about to tell us the truth when you entered the building.2. The use of over in the text1) I tiptoed over and kissed her on the back of the neck.Over adv. ：across a distance or open space, either towards or away from someone/something.More examples:We asked Kate’s two sailor friends over to help us gain our point indirectly.Go over to your Grandmother, my dear. She’s beckoning to you.2)“What did you do over the holidays?”over prep.—during, in the course of (a period or an event)More examples:She likes to listen to some light music over the weekend.Paul has become more mature over the years.3) To ease the situation, I picked up her brand-new sweater from the floor and put it over a chair.Over prep. —resting on top of something and covering something partly or completelyMore examples:John was so tired that he was found sprawling on the floor asleep with his dripping raincoatover a sofa.4) Take over one of your wife’s chores, she’ll love you for it.Take over—take charge ofMore examples:The firm became more and more prosperous after the son took it over.We expect Mr. Johnson will take over our class when Mr. Shaw retires.3.resolution n (1) If you make a resolution, you decide to try very hard to do sth. e.g. I’m always making resolutions, liking giving up smoking.(2) Resolution is the determination to do sth. or not to do sth.(3) a formal decision taken at a meeting by means of a votee.g. Congress passed a resolution accepting his services.More collocations: break one’s New Year’s resolutions 没做到…determined/unshakable/inflexible resolution 坚定的决心good resolutions 做好事（改好）的决心e.g. She’s always making good resolutions but she never carries them out.talk sb out of his resolutions 说得某人拿不定主张resolute a. sb who is resolute shows great determination not to change their mind or not to give up a course of action.e.g. She’s best remembered for her resolute commitment to women’s equality.2.You use judging from or judging by to mention the reasons that cause you to believe sth.e.g. There was some great national celebration in town, judging by the firework displayed everywhere.He was extremely handsome, to judge from the newspaper photographs.Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed.To judge from the evidence of the experts, the victim was still alive at 3 o’clock.4. selfSelf do, self have.自作自受be beauty’s self 美的化身one’s better self 人性中高尚的一面one’s old self 原样more words beginning with “self”:self-assured: showing confidenceself-centered self-confident self-defense self-employedself-government self-interestself-conscious: easily embarrassed and nervous because they feel that everyone is looking at them and judging themself-evident: so obvious, no need for proofself-imposed (task, condition…): you deliberately accepted for yourselfself-indulgent: you allow yourself to have or do things that you enjoy very muchself-made: become successful through their own effortsself-righteous: be convinced that they are right and others are wrongself-sacrificeself-satisfied: so pleased about their achievements or their situation that they do not feel there is any need to do anything now.self-service self-sufficient self-induced catastrophes self-locking door5. You use blessed to describe sth. that you think is wonderful, and you are thankful for or relieved about.e.g. Blessed freedomblessing n sth. good that you are thankful fore.g. Health is a blessing that money cannot buy.If sth. is done with sb’s blessing, they approve of it and support it. e.g. She did it with the full blessing of her parents.A blessing in disguise: it caused problems and difficulties at first but later realized that it was the best thing that could have happened.A mixed blessing has disadvantages as well as advantages6. boundless: a word used esp. in literature meaning having no limite.g. A man stares at the boundless sky and his mind is set free.Her appetite for life, boundless energy and numerous accomplishments made her a perfect traveling companion.limitless: sth. such as an amount of sth. that has no limit, usu. with the result that there is a large amount ofit.limitless resources/beer/variety of goods7. A community is made up of the people who live in a particular area.e.g. the local community community affairscommunity service: unpaid work that criminals sometimes do as a punishment instead of being sent to prison.8. everything /all but the kitchen sink: humor. A very large amount, esp. more than is thought necessary.e.g. He’s only staying 3 days, but he arrived here with everything but the kitchen sink.kitchen-sink drama: a serious play about working-class home life, esp. as written in Britain in the late 1950’s and the 1960’s.9. tiptoe: walk very quietly on your toes.pad: to walk quietly and steadily, without shoes or with soft shoes, or on a soft surface.creep: to walk quietly, slowly, and carefully, esp. so that no one notices you.sneak: to walk quietly, trying to hide from sb, esp. because you doing sth. Wrong and do not want to be caught.10.spontaneous acts are not planned or arranged, but are done because sb. suddenly wants to do them.spontaneity: spontaneous, natural behaviore.g. The audience broke into spontaneous applause.Politicians are saying that the riots were not spontaneous, but were carefully planned by activists. impromptu speech/performance/meeting/party is done/happening without any preparation.11. affection: a feeling of fondness and caringe.g. She gazed with deep affection at him.I remember my grandma with deep affection.affectionate a.affectation: attitude that is not genuine or natural, but which is intended to impress other people.12. shriek: to make a sudden short screaming sound, because of fear, excitement, pleasure or amusementshriek with excitement/laughterscream with terror/ excitement/painscream your head off: to scream loudlyscreech: to make a long, unpleasant, very high screaming sound, esp. because you are angry.squeal: esp. a child makes a sudden very high screaming soundyelp: to give a short cry because you have just hurt yourself.13. If you are sincere, you say the things that you really mean or believesincerity n.14. compliment is sth. that you say to sb. to show that you admire them.e.g. He has just been paid a great compliment.If you take sth. that sb. does or says as a compliment, you regard it as an indication that they admire you.e.g. She took his acceptance as a compliment.complimentary a.complement v. n. if one person/thing complements another, they increase each other’s good qualities when they are brought together.complementary a.15. escapement is the part of a clock a watch which controls the moving parts inside摆轮16. mechanism is a part of a device or machine that does a particular task.机件17. If your mind wanders or your thoughts wander, you stop concentrating on sth. and start thinking about other things.e.g. When she was alone, she would let her mind wander.18. When you wind a clock/watch, you turn a knob, key, or handle on it round and round in order to make it operate.wind back/forward a tapewind down/up the window of a carwind up a business/activity: stop/finish it19. Sb. who is jovial behaves in a cheerful and happy way. a jovial man/smilejoyful thing causes happiness and pleasurejoyful person is extremely happyjoyous: extremely happy and enthusiastic20. When people swarm somewhere, they move there quickly in a large group.A swarm of bees/people is a large group of them moving about quicklyThe white house garden was swarm with security men.21. If you rap on sth. or if you rap it, you hit it with a series of quick blows.e.g. He rapped on the table and called for silence.22. pajamas: a pair of pajamas consisting of loose trousers and loose jacket that people, esp. men, were in bed.23. robe: a loose piece of clothing which covers all of your body and reaches the ground.e.g. priests and archbishops in their ceremonial robes24. If sth. eases a problem or an unpleasant situation, it makes it less difficult or less unpleasante.g. a powder that eased the pain25. sb. Who is defensive is behaving in a way that shows that they fell unsure or threatened26. zest is a feeling of pleasure, excitement, and interest in what you are doinge.g. be full of zestHe felt that some of the zest had gone out of his life.Lose zest in readingHe works with great/keenest zest.He entered into a piece a work with zest.27. Sb. who is sarcastic says or does the opposite of what they really mean in order to mock or insult people.Sarcasm is speech or writing which actually means the opposite of what it seems to say.e.g. The children kept coming out with sarcasm remarks like : Delicious!”“I’ve never tasted anything so good.”ironic: funny, but in a sad or unexpected way because it is caused by the opposite of what should happen.e.g. How ironic! He was just telling us to be careful when he fell and broke his leg.3.4. HomeworkWrite down your new year’s resolutionUnit 2(6 hours)1. Teaching objectivesa.to acquaint the students with the basic writing techniques---the parallel construction: a balanced orcoordinated arrangement of grammatical structuresb.t o improve the students’ quality of narrative writingc. Learn language points.d. Oral speaking practice2. Teaching focusa. Vocabulary: salvation, revival, bring the lamb to the fold, escortb. Appreciate the stylistic features (ironic title; repetitions for creating a tense atmosphere; vividdescriptions).c. Understand how did the writer achieve the ironic effect?3.Teaching Steps:TEXT I Salvattion3.1. Pre-reading Questions1) An introduction to Langston Hughes and his works2) Related background knowledge3) V ocabulary (pp. 46-47, SB)Definitions of words as used in the Christian religion:salvation—the state of having one’s soul saved from sin and its consequences 灵魂的拯救save—set free from the power of or from the eternal punishment for sinsin—breaking of God’s laws, disobedience to God’s commandmentsrevival—series of meetings intended to produce an increase in interest in religion, or to stir up the religious faith among those who have been indifferent, usually by preaching and confession ofsins（鼓动性的）福音布道会lamb—young members of church flock or Christian congregationfold—body of believers in the Christian religion3.2 . The Main IdeasThe statement that best sums up the main ideas is (1)：“After having through a painful process, the child was finally saved from sin, but instead of feeling joyous, he felt miserable because of his disillusionment.”3.3. Explanation and analysis of Text I1.Explanation of the text structure:In this autobiographical essay the writer aims at making fun of his aunt’s religion and deriding what he considers the absurd practice in some churches.The following is a summary of the ways the writer uses to achieve his purpose:1). Using repetition to achieve unity2). Using specific words and concrete details to achieve effectiveness3). Using various writing techniques ( exaggeration, informal English, a child’s narrative style, etc.) to make his account more realistic and convincing4). Using simple, unpretentious and straightforward language with touches of colloquialism and slangto show that the hero is in fact a real person5). Adopting an ironic tone throughout by giving the reader what turns out to be an ironic statement at the very beginning—“I was saved from sin when I was going on thirteen”. including important words, phrases, and expressions2. Explanation of the major grammar points and language points3.4. Language Points1.membership: n. number of members; all memberse.g. The drama society in our school has a large membership.2. lonely: adj. having no companionship; lonely indicates the “state of mind of one being or feeling alone.”Lonely may also be applied to places which are unfrequented or remote from human habitation.e.g. Don’t you get lonely being on your own all day?With the development of the travel business, swarms of tourists now visit the newly discovered cave in the once lonely mountainous area.Cf. alone: adj. by oneself; Lonely differs from alone in that it usually means experiencing or producing a feeling of isolation and sadness whereas alone does not. Moreover, lonely is used both attributively and predicatively, alone only predicatively.e.g. Better be alone than in bad company.He lives entirely alone and is very lonely.3. but: prep. excepte.g. He is talking about everything but the most important thing.This car’s been nothing but trouble.4. sob: v. draw in the breath sharply and irregularly from sorrow or pain while cryinge.g. “Oh, don’t leave me, don’t leave me!”She began to sob passionately.Josie flung herself on the bed, sobbing.Cf. cry: v. express grief or pain or sorrow by making mournful sounds and shedding tears weep: v. cry, especially because you feel very sad（weep stresses the shedding of tears）e.g. It is no use crying over spilt milk.Taking the boy to her breast, she rocked him in her arms, and wept silently over him.5. save: v.1. make unnecessary; relieve（somebody）from the need of using 免得；节省e.g. She went to the food shop to buy some cooked meat to save her cooking.Labour-saving gadgets such as potato peelers and nut-crackers save us a lot of time.2. free（a person）from the power or effect of evil（sin）in Christianity and some other religions 拯救e.g. Jesus came to save sinners.6. pray: v. speak（usually silently）to God, showing love, giving thanks or asking for somethinge.g. Let us pray for peace.Martha prayed to God every night.7. moan: v. make a long low sound expressing pain, unhappiness, or sexual pleasuree.g. The sick child moaned a little and then fell asleep.8. dire: adj. extremely serious, bad or terriblee.g. He was in dire trouble and he knew it.The country was in dire need of financial aid.Increasing fuel prices will have dire consequences for the poor.9. jet-black: adj. very dark; shiny blacke.g. jet-black hair10. serenely: adv. calmly11. grin: v. smile widely/broadlye.g. Grinning sheepishly, James admitted he was seeing Sue.He grinned at me, as if sharing a secret joke.12. preach: v. give a religious talk, usually as part of a service in churche.g. Christ began preaching to large crowds.The pastor preached a sermon on brotherly love.13. rhythmical: adj. having rhythm; marked by regular succession of weak and strong stresses, accents, sounds or movements（in speech, music, dancing, etc.）e.g. the rhythmical thud of the bass drum14. sermon: n. a religious talk given as part of a Christian church service, usually based on a part of the Biblee.g. Pastor Grisson preached a sermon on evangelism.15. braided: adj. twisted together into one plait（here of hair）16. work-gnarled: adj.（of hands and fingers）twisted, with swollen joints and rough skin as from hard work or old age17. punctuate: v. interrupt from time to time with somethinge.g. silence occasionally punctuated with laughter18. ecstatic: adj. feeling extremely happy and excitede.g. an ecstatic welcome from the thousands who lined the streets19. break into: begin suddenly to give voice toe.g. When the crowd saw the prize-fighter stretched out on the canvas, they broke into shouts and cheers.They broke into laughter when they saw my clownish dress.20. by leaps and bounds: very quickly/rapidlye.g. Andrew’s German is improving by leaps and bounds.Her health is improving by leaps and bounds.3.5. HomeworkHow many major religious in the world? Introduce one of them.Unit 3(6 hours)1.Teaching objectivesa.Have a deep understanding of “read between the lines” and “write between the lines”.b.Understand the writer’s logic of writing: how did the writer persuade the reader to write downin the book he is reading.c. Appreciate the writing techniques used in a piece of argumentation such as inductiveapproach examples of personal opinions, common knowledge, and similes, etc.d. Learn language points.2.Teaching emphasisa.V ocabulary: Mutilation; dilapidated; integral ;unblemished; receptacle:b.Sentence: And marking a book is literally an expression of ...c.Writing techniques: comparison and metaphor3.Teaching steps:TEXT ⅠWriting Between the Lines3.1. Pre-reading QuestionsWhat the difference between “writing between the lines ” and “reading between the lines”?3.2. The Main IdeasThe writer is trying to persuade the reader to write down in the book he is reading his reactions tothe text. The reader’s reactions may include his questions, his agreements or differences of opinion withthe author, his doubts and so on. In this way the reader will be doing the most efficient kind of reading.3.3. Language points1.efficient: a.A person, machine or organization that is efficient does a job well and successfully, without wasting time orenergy.efficiency n.2.contend: v.1) struggle; be in rivalry or competition2) argue, assertcontend with/against/for3.blunt: a. If you are blunt, you say exactly what you think without trying to be polite.e.g. Let me ask a blunt question.To be blunt, you are no longer needed here.4.mutilation: n.mutilate v. damage by breaking, tearing or cutting off a necessary part; destroy the use of (a limb, etc.)1) If sb. is mutilated, their body is damaged very severely.2) If you mutilate sth., you deliberately damage it and spoil it.e.g. Almost every book had been mutilated in some way in this library.4.prelude: n.action, event, etc. that serves as an introduction to another5.in the strict/literal/figurative/full/best(=most favorable)/proper, etc. sense:interpreting (the statement, etc.) strictly/literally/figuratively/fully/best/properly, etc. 就精确/字面/比喻/全面/最好/适当的意义而言6.blood:new blood: new talentkill sb. In cold blood: deliberately kill sb.make one’s blood boil: make sb. Very angrymake one’s blood run cold: fill one with fearblue blood: aristocratic descentone’s one flesh and blood: one’s relationsBlood is thicker than water: the ties of family relationship are real.blood and thunder story/drama: story/drama which is full of exciting incidentsblood brother: 结拜兄弟Blood type/group/donor7.restrain: v.hold back, keep under control, prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.e.g. restrain a child from (doing) mischiefrestrain one’s anger/laughterrestrained: a. kept under controlrestraint: n.8.dilapidated: a. (of buildings, furniture, etc) falling to pieces, in a state of disrepaire.g. a dilapidated-looking car, a dilapidated old house9.scribble: v.write hastily or carelessly, make meaningless marks on paper, etc.scribbling-block: n. pad of cheap paper making notes. 便条纸10.elegant: a. showing, having good taste, graceful, done with care, skill and taste11.bind: V. fasten (sheets of paper) into a covere.g. a well-bound book/a book bound in leather12.edition: n.1)form in which a book is publishede.g. a cheap edition/a pocket edition/the first edition/a revised edition2)total number of copies (a book, newspaper) issued from the same type13.crayon: n. stick or pencil of soft colored chalk, wax or charcoal14.soul: n. a central, most important or most active parte.g. He’s such a good joke teller, he’s the life and soul of any party.heart and soul: (with) all one’s power and feelingkeep body and soul together: to have enough money, food, etc to livesoul-destroying: giving no chance for the mind to work; very uninterestingsoulful: full of feeling,soulless: showing no attractive or tender human qualities15.so to speak: you say so to speak to draw attention to the fact that what you are saying is not literally true,but is a colorful way of describing a situation.=as one might say, rather 可以说是，简直是，e.g. He’s up to his neck, so to speak, in debt.16.volume: n.1)one of a set of books of the same kind or together forming a wholee.g. a set of Dickens’ works in 24 volumes2) magazines put together in book form, often yearly.3) often fml.: a book, esp. a large one4)(degree of) fullness or loudness of sound17.typography: n.1)the work of preparing and setting matter for printing 排版2)the arrangement, style, and appearance of printed matter 版面18.wide-awake: a.having or showing fully active senses, alert19.glide: v. move (noiselessly) in a smooth continuous manner, which seems easy and without effort,20.light: a.1)(of books, music, plays, actors, etc) having the intention of amusing only, not deep in meaning2)not serious, unimportant21.fiction: a. stories or novels about things that did not really happen, as compared to other sort of literature,like history or poetryfictional: a. told as a story e.g. a fictional accountfictitious: a. untrue, invented e.g. fictitious character22.fundamental: a. being at the base, from which all else develop23.margin: n.1)one or both sides of a page near the edge, where there is no writing or printing2)the area on the outside edge of a large area3)(in business) the difference between the buying and selling price 赢余，毛利marginal: a.1) of small, rather than central, importance, or of small amounte.g. marginal effect2) (of land) poor3) (of life, existence) led by people who have only just enough to eatand so to continue living 最低限度的24.consist in: e.g. 1) True freedom consists in the absence of laws.2) The beauty of Xi’an consists in the style of its ancient buildingsconsist of: to be made up ofe.g. The UK consist of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.3.4 Interaction ActivitiesThe Way I Do My ReadingSuggestions:1. Before starting to read:1) read the Contents page of the book,2) have a quick look at the chapter headings,3) have a glance at the Index which is helpful for specific information.2. Skimming and scanning:1) Skimming is a reading skill you use when you want to get the main idea of a book—(1) read the introduction, usually the opening paragraph of a chapter,(2) read the conclusion, usually the final paragraph of a chapter,(3) read very quickly, skip or leave out small portions of the material in order to get the main ideas. 2) Scanning is a reading skill you use when you want to check quickly whether a text you are readingcontains information you need—(1) think of some key words connected with the information you need—look quickly down the pageto see if you can spot any of them; if you do, read the sentences around them to check if you information is what you need;(2) look for chapter headings / paragraph headings; words in bold type / words underlined —theygive you a lot of quick information about the contents of the reading matter,(3) if the information you need is in a book, look at the list of contents and the indexes.3. Note-taking:(1) Write down important points, the points relevant to your needs, sometimes useful expressions tohelp improve your language,(2) Underline, use symbols or write between the lines, in the margins, or the end papers, or on ascratch pad or in a notebook,(3) sort out the main points, which will help to focus on the reading as well as to provide a summary.4. 1) Textbooks: slow speed, less than 100 wpm (words per minute) for intensive reading, study andremember.2) Fiction: fast speed, 200-250 wpm, reading for entertainment.3) Non-fiction: average speed, 150-200 wpm, reading for special purposes.4) Newspapers: fast speed, 200-250 wpm, reading for information.5) Magazines: fast speed, 200-250 wpm, reading for information or entertainment.3.5. HomeworkIntroduce some strategies of “writing between the lines”.Unit 4(6 hours)1.Teaching objectivesa. Have a understanding of the writing of biography.b.Understand the writer’s logic of writi ng: How Berners-Lee’s life and work help him to create www.c.appreciate the author’s accurate diction and skillful organizationd.Learn language pointse.Oral speaking Practice2.Teaching focusa.V ocabulary: zip off; unencumbered; nifty; noodle around; lingua franca ; debut, cobble together;cash in onb.Understand the organization of the text.c.Understand journalistic style3. Teaching stepsTEXT I Network Designer-Tim Berners-Lee3.1. Pre-reading QuestionsThe students may be asked a number of questions such as the following before they make their guesses.。
《新编英语教程》第四册unit2 PPT
Englishes Stop Being Coy
Unit 2
Warming-Up Activity Text 1A: Comprehension and Analysis Text 1A: Appreciation Text 1B: Comprehension and Analysis Text 1B: Appreciation Text 1A&B: Language Study Text 2
Englishes
As
various styles of English
for different regions where English is spoken, we have American English, Australian English, British English, Indian English, and so on. As for different purposes, we have business English, commercial English, diplomatic English, medical English, scientific English, technical English, legal English, journalistic English and so on. As for the styles of English, we have formal English, informal or colloquial English, and nonstandard English.
Warming-Up Activity
Listen to a sound excerpt and answer the question: Why can’t the speaker and the porter understand each other?
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Valuing ChildhoodThe value of childhood is easily blurred in today's world. Consider some recent developments:The child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark. schoolyard shooting casel were convicted and sentenced.Two boys, 7 and 8 were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago. Continents away,children as young as 11 were being recruited to fight in Congo's renewed civil war.Children who commit horrible crimes ostensibly act on their own volition4. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the cOurt5 couldn't begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive - youthful jealousy and resentment. But a deeper question lingers: Why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint?That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl's bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids. But those children just out of second or third grade resort to lethal viciousness.The pre-teen soldiers in Congo are probably not making their own decisions. But they, too,are caught in a moral void, where the innocence of childhood and the instruction of family and 1s community arereplaced by reflexive violence and killing.Redeeming young livesThe problems of eventually redeeming such youthful warriors can be daunting. Experience in countries torn by civil war, like Mozambique and Afghanistan, attests to this.Redemption, however, is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives Jistorted by acts of violencez The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago, if they too are convicted, will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, chiidren are not - cannot - be dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized.hat's why politicians' cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.Maybe provision should be made for longer detention of children who commit heinous crimes. But the decreasing years of perpetrators cry out for' a much broader response.To begin with, the cultural context of youth crime in modern society demands scrutiny. Popular forms of entertainment expose children to material - graphic violence, implicit and explicita sex - that skews moral sensibility. Movies, video games, TV shows, pop music lyrics, and electronic junk mail present children with images and issues that too easily crowd out interests and pursuits more suitable for children. All aresymptomatic of, and contribute to, a mental environment short on moral boundaries.Many sources of moral voidBut the moral void that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes. So does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they're doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought? Churches must strengthen their moral instruction. Social critic and author Stephen Carter points out that religious training lies at the core of civilized behavior.Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do law enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance.Internationally, treaties and conventions exist to prohibit the misuse of children in militaries or sweatshops. Pressure to honor them should be incessant.The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood,so that tragic gaps in moral judgment are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don't go that far, but who nonetheless lack themoral foundations childhood should provide -and which progressive human society relies on.The world's needSpeaking to the members of her church, but striking a theme for adults and children everywhere, the founder of this newspaper, Mary Baker Eddy, once said: "Beloved children, the world has need of you -and more as children than as men and women: it needs your innocence, unselfishness .0 faithful affection, uncontaminated lives."A world that truncates childhood too easily loses sight of the values and qualities -such as faithfulness and unselfishness -that underlie constructive adulthood.The tragedies visited on us by children who appear to be morally adrift are alarms that can't be ignored.。