国际经济学试卷答案4

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国际经济学试题及答案

一、单项选择题1。

从国际经济资源流动的难度看，最容易流动的要素是（A)A.商品B.资本C。

人员D。

技术2.在比较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际比价（C）A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上B。

在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间D。

与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同3.比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是（A）A.劳动生产率的差异B.技术水平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异4。

在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论中，机会成本是（D）A。

递增B。

递减C。

先递增后递减D。

不变5。

不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有（B）A。

重叠需求理论B。

要素比例理论C。

规模经济理论 D.垄断竞争理论6。

能反映规模经济理论本意的是(B）A.规模报酬递减B.规模报酬递增C.规模报酬不变D.规模成本递增7。

不改变贸易结构,只改变贸易规模的增长方式有（C）A。

偏向进口的生产要素增长 B.偏向出口的生产要素增长C.生产要素等比例增长D.悲惨的增长8.最佳关税水平应等于（B）A。

零进口关税B。

零进口关税与禁止性关税之间的水平C。

禁止性关税 D.禁止性关税以上9.世界贸易组织秘书处设在（B）A。

日内瓦 B.纽约C。

布鲁塞尔D。

乌拉圭10.在国际卡特尔订价中，当产品的需求弹性越小,卡特尔订价水平就(B）A.越低B.越高C。

不变D。

不确定11。

下述哪一种不属于投机性外汇交易（D）A.双边套汇B。

多边套汇 C.套利 D.套期保值12.下述几种货币中，哪一种是实行联合浮动的货币（D）A.英镑B。

日元 C.美元 D.人民币13.下述哪一种属于国际收支的事后项目（D）A。

进出口 B.利息收支C。

直接投资 D.特别提款权变动14。

在分析货币贬值对贸易收支的影响时,小国所面临的供给弹性是（D）A。

零 B.小于需求弹性C。

大于需求弹性D。

无穷大15.发展中国家主要采取的汇率制度是（C）A。

固定汇率制B。

10套-《国际经济学》期末试卷及答案

《国际经济学》模拟试卷（1）一二三四五六七合计人复核人一、单项选择（10小题，每小题1分，共10分）：在四个备选答案中选择一个最适合的答案。

1．关于一般均衡分析的新古典模型，说法不正确的是（）。

A.国际贸易理论的标准模型B.采用221模型进行阐述C.将技术、要素禀赋、需求偏好集于一体D.由哈伯勒、勒纳、里昂惕夫和米德等人提出2．国际金融理论的发展一直是围绕着（）这一十分重要的问题而展开的。

A.外部平衡B.内部平衡C.外部平衡与内部平衡D.规模经济3．生产可能性曲线的假设条件有（）。

A.两种生产要素的总供给都是可变的B.生产要素可在两个部门间自由流动C.两种生产要素没有充分利用D.两种商品的生产技术条件是可变的4．要素密集度可借助于（）来说明。

A.社会无差异曲线B.需求曲线C.等产量曲线D.供给曲线5．国际贸易会（）贸易国出口部门特定要素的实际收入。

A.提高B.降低C.不影响D.可能影响6．在产品生命周期的产品成熟阶段，产品属于（）。

A.研究与开发密集型B.资本密集型C.劳动密集型D.土地密集型7．属于国际收支账户中服务项目的有（）。

A.证券投资B.商品修理C.计算机和信息服务D.非货币黄金8．购买力平价论（the theory of purchasing power parity），简称PPP理论，是（）在其1922年出版的《1914年以后的货币与外汇》（money and foreign exchange after 1914）中第一次系统阐述的。

A.勒纳B.卡塞尔C.凯恩斯D.多恩布什9．假设某国的边际消费倾向为0.80，边际进口倾向为0.30，试问该国的对外贸易乘数是（）。

A.1B.2C.3D.410．假设即期汇率l英镑=2美元，在欧洲市场美元一年期的利率为15%，英镑为10%，求一年后的远期汇率1英镑等于（）美元。

A.2.091B.2C.1.913D.3二、判断题（10小题，每小题1分，共10分）：若判断正确，在小题后的括号内填上“√”号；若判断不正确，则在小题后的括号内填上“×”号。

国际经济学试卷试题包括答案.docx

《国际经济学》选择题汇总版（附答案）Ch1-Ch31.The United States is less dependent on trade than most other countries becauseA)the United States is a relatively large country with diverse resources.B)the United States is a“ Superpower. ”C)the military power of the United States makes it less dependent on anything.D)the United States invests in many other countries.E)many countries invest in the United States.2. Because the Constitution forbids restraints on interstate trade,A)the U.S. may not impose tariffs on imports from NAFTA countries.B)the U.S. may not affect the international value of the $ U.S.C)the U.S. may not put restraints on foreign investments in California if it involves a financial intermediary in New York State.D)the U.S. may not impose export duties.E)the U.S. may not disrupt commerce between Florida and Hawaii.3.International economics can be divided into two broad sub-fields A) macro and micro.B) developed and less developed.C) monetary and barter.D) international trade and international money.E) static and dynamic.4.International monetary analysis focuses onA)the real side of the international economy.B)the international trade side of the international economy.C)the international investment side of the international economy.D)the issues of international cooperation between Central Banks.E)the monetary side of the international economy, such as currency exchange.5.The gravity model offers a logical explanation for the fact thatA)trade between Asia and the U.S. has grown faster than NAFTA trade.B) trade in services has grown faster than trade in goods.C) trade in manufactures has grown faster than in agricultural products.D) Intra-European Union trade exceeds international trade by the EuropeanUni on.E) the U.S. trades more with Western Europe than it does with Canada.6.The gravity model explains whyA)trade between Sweden and Germany exceeds that between Sweden and Spain.B)countries with oil reserves tend to export oil.C)capital rich countries export capital intensive products.D)intra-industry trade is relatively more important than other forms of tradebetween neighboringcountries.E)European countries rely most often on natural resources.7. Why does the gravity model work?A)Large economies became large because they were engaged in international trade.B)Large economies have relatively large incomes, and hence spend more on governm ent promotion of trade and investment.C)Large economies have relatively larger areas which raises the probability that a pro ductive activity will take place within the borders of that country.D)Large economies tend to have large incomes and tend to spend more on impor ts.E) Large economies tend to avoid trading with small economies.8.We see that the Netherlands, Belgium, and Ireland trade considerably more with the United States than with many other countries.A)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all large countries.B)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all small countries.C)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are smallcountri es.D)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are large countries.E)This is explained by the gravity model, since they do not share borders.9.In the present, most of the exports from Chinaare A) manufactured goods.B) services.C)primary products including agricultural.D) technology intensive products.E) overpriced by world market standards.10.A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative advantage gains from trade because itA) is producing exports indirectly more efficiently than it could alternatively.B) is producing imports indirectly more efficiently than it could domestically.C) is producing exports using fewer labor units.D) is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.E) is producing exports while outsourcing services.11.The Ricardian model attributes the gains from trade associated with the principle o f comparative advantage result toA) differences in technology.B)differences in preferences.C)differences in labor productivity.D)differences in resources.E)gravity relationships among countries.12. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find itsconsump tion bundleA)inside its production possibilities frontier.B)on its production possibilities frontier.C)outside its production possibilities frontier.D)inside its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.E)on its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.13.Assume that labor is the only factor of production and that wages in the United Sta tes equal $20 per hour while wages in Japan are $10 per hour. Production costs would be lower in the United States as compared to Japan ifA)U.S. labor productivity equaled 40 units per hour and Japan's 15 units per hour.B)U.S. labor productivity equaled 30 units per hour and Japan's 20 units per hour.C)U.S. labor productivity equaled 20 units per hour and Japan's 30 units per hour.D)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 25 units per hour.E)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 40 units per hour.14.In a two-country, two-product world, the statement“ Germanyenjoys acomparativ e advantage over France in autos relative toships ”is equivalent toA) France having a comparative advantage over Germany in ships.B) France having a comparative disadvantage compared to Germany in autos and ship s.C) Germany having a comparative advantage over France in autos and ships.D) France having no comparative advantage over Germany.E) France should produce autos.15.If the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to the widget axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis, we know thatA)the United States has no comparative advantageB)Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.C)the U.S. has a comparative advantage in butter.D)Germany has comparative advantages in both products.E)the U.S. has a comparative disadvantage in widgets.Ch4-Ch51.The Ricardian model of international trade demonstrates that trade can bemutually beneficial. Why, then, do governments restrict imports of some goods?A)Trade can have substantial effects on a country's distribution of income.B)The Ricardian model is often incorrect in its prediction that trade can bemutually beneficial.C)Import restrictions are the result of trade wars between hostile countries.D)Imports are only restricted when foreign-made goods do not meet domestic standar ds of qualityE) Restrictions on imports are intended to benefit domestic consumers.2.Japan's trade policies with regard to rice reflect the fact thatA) japanese rice farmers have significant political power.B) Japan has a comparative advantage in rice production and therefore exports most o f its rice crop.C) there would be no gains from trade available to Japan if it engaged in free trade in r ice.D) there are gains from trade that Japan captures by engaging in free trade in rice.E) Japan imports most of the rice consumed in the country.3.In the specific factors model, which of the following is treated as a specific factor?A)LaborB)LandC)ClothD)FoodE)Technology4.The specific factors model assumes that there are ________ goods and ________ fa ctor(s) of production.A) two; threeB) two; two C)two; one D)three; two E)four; three5.The slope of a country's production possibility frontier with cloth measured on the horizontal and food measured on the vertical axis in the specific factors model is equa l to ________ and it ________ as more cloth is produced.A)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes steeperB)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes flatterC)-MPLF/MPLC; is constantD)-MPLC/MPLF; becomes steeperE)-MPLC/MPLF; is constant6.Under perfect competition, the equilibrium price of labor used to produce clothwill be equal toA)the slope of the production possibility frontier.B)the average product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.C)the ratio of the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth to the marginal product of labor in the production of food times the ratio of the price of cloth. to the price of food.D)the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.E)the price of cloth divided by the marginal product of labor in the production of clot h.7.In the specific factors model, which of the following will increase the quantity ofla bor used in cloth production?A)an increase in the price of cloth relative to that of foodB) an increase in the price of food relative to that ofcloth C) a decrease in the price of laborD) an equal percentage decrease in the price of food and clothE) an equal percentage increase in the price of food and cloth8.A country that does not engage in trade can benefit from trade only ifA)it has an absolute advantage in at least one good.B)it employs a unique technology.C)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are not identical.D)its wage rate is below the world average.E)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are identical.9.In the specific factors model, the effects of trade on welfare are ________ for mobil e factors, ________ for fixed factors used to produce the exported good, and ________ for fixed factors used to produce the imported good.A)ambiguous; positive; negativeB) ambiguous; negative; positive C)positive; ambiguous; ambiguous D)negative; ambiguous; ambiguous E)positive; positive; positive10.The effect of trade on specialized employees of import-competing industries willb e ________ jobs and ________ pay because they are relatively ________.A)fewer; lower; mobileB)fewer; lower; immobileC)more; lower; immobileD)more; higher; mobileE)more; higher; immobile11. There is a bias in the political process against free trade becauseA)there is a high correlation between the volume of imports and the unemployment ra te.B)the gains from free trade cannot be measured.C)those who gain from free trade can't compensate those who lose.D)foreign governments make large donations to U.S. political campaigns.E) those who lose from free trade are better organized than those who gain.12.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differin A)tastes and preferences.B)military capabilities.C)the size of their economies.D)relative abundance of factors of production.E)labor productivities.13.If a country produces good Y (measured on the vertical axis) and good X (measure d on the horizontal axis), then the absolute value of the slope of its production possibil ity frontier is equal toA)the opportunity cost of good X.B) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y.C) the price of good X divided by the price of goodY. D) the opportunity cost of good Y.E)the cost of capital (assuming that good Y is capital intensive) divided by the costof labor.14.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, trade will ________ the owners ofa country's ________ factor and will ________ the good that uses that factor intensiv ely.A)benefit; abundant; exportB)harm; abundant; importC)benefit; scarce; exportD)benefit; scarce; importE)harm; scarce; export15.The assumption of diminishing returns in the Heckscher-Ohlin model means that, unlike in the Ricardian model, it is likely thatA) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.B) countries will benefit from free international trade.C) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.D)comparative advantage will not determine the direction of trade.E)global production will decrease under trade.16.If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relatively land intensive then trade between these two, formerly autarkic coun tries will result inA)an increase in the relative price of food in the U.S.B)an increase in the relative price of food in Japan.C)a global increase in the relative price of food.D)a decrease in the relative price of food in both countries.E)an increase in the relative price of food in both countries.17.Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Coun try H is relatively labor abundant, then once trade beginsA) rent will be unchanged but wages will rise in H.B) wages and rents should rise in H.C) wages and rents should fall in H.D) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.E) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.18.The Leontieff ParadoxA)failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.B)supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.C)supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.D)failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.E)proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.19. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)The wage-rental ratio determines the capital-labor ratio in a country's industr ies.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.20. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of the labor-i ntensive good and decrease production of the capital-intensive good.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.Ch6-Ch101.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)the terms of trade of cloth exporters will improve.B)all countries would be better off.C)the terms of trade of food exporters will improve.D)the terms of trade of all countries will improve.E) the terms of trade of cloth exporters will worsen.2.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)world relative quantity of cloth supplied will increase.B)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will increase.C)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will decrease.D)world relative quantity of cloth demanded will decrease.E)world relative quantity of food will increase.3.If the U.S. (a large country) imposes a tariff on its imported good, this will tend toA)have no effect on terms of trade.B)improve the terms of trade of the United States.C)improve the terms of trade of all countries.D)because a deterioration of U.S. terms of trade.E)raise the world price of the good imported by the United States.4.If Slovenia were a large country in world trade, then if it instituted a large set of sub sidies for its exports, this mustA)decrease its marginal propensity to consume.B)have no effect on its terms of trade.C)improve its terms of trade.D)harm its terms of trade.E)harm world terms of trade.5.Internal economies of scale arise when the cost per unitA)falls as the average firm grows larger.B)rises as the industry grows larger.C)falls as the industry grows larger.D)rises as the average firm grows larger.E)remains constant over a broad range of output.6. External economies of scale will ________ average cost when output is ________ by _______.A)reduce; increased; the industryB)reduce; increased; a firmC)increase; increased; a firmD)increase; increased; the industryE)reduce; reduce; the industry7.If some industries exhibit internal increasing returns to scale in each country, we sh ould not expect to seeA) perfect competition in these industries.B) intra-industry trade between countries.C)inter-industry trade between countries.D)high levels of specialization in both countries.E)increased productivity in both countries.8.A learning curve relates ________ to ________ and is a case of ________ returns.A) unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic decreasing returnsB)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic increasing returnsC)unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic increasing returnsD)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic decreasing returnsE)labor productivity; education; increasing marginal returns9.Patterns of interregional trade are primarily determined by ________ rather than __ ______ because factors of production are generally ________.A)external economies; natural resources; mobileB)internal economies; external economies; mobileC)external economies; population; immobileD)internal economies; population; immobileE)population; external economies; immobile10.Monopolistic competition is associatedwith A) product differentiation.B) price-taking behavior.C) explicit consideration at the firm level of the strategic impact of other firms' pricing decisions. D) high profit margins in the long run.E) increasing returns to scale.11.A firm in long-run equilibrium under monopolistic competition will earnA)positive monopoly profits because each sells a differentiated product.B)zero economic profits because of free entryC)positive oligopoly profits because each firm sells a differentiated product.D)negative economic profits because it has economies of scale.E)positive economic profit if it engages in international trade.12.The most common form of price discrimination in international tradeis A) dumping.B) non-tariff barriers.C) Voluntary Export Restraints.D) preferential trade arrangements.E) product boycotts.13.Consider the following two cases. In the first, a U.S. firm purchases 18% of a forei gn firm. In the second, a U.S. firm builds a new production facility in a foreign countr y. Both are ________, with the first referred to as ________ and the second as ______ __.A)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; brownfield; greenfieldB)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; greenfield; brownfieldC)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; greenfield; brownfieldD)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; brownfield; greenfieldE)foreign direct investment (FDI); inflows; outflows14. Specific tariffs areA)import taxes stated in specific legal statutes.B)import taxes calculated as a fixed charge for each unit of imported goods.C)import taxes calculated as a fraction of the value of the imported goods.D)the same as import quotas.E)import taxes calculated based solely on the origin country.15.A problem encountered when implementing an "infant industry" tariff isthat A) domestic consumers will purchase the foreign good regardless of thetariff. B) the industry may never "mature."C)most industries require tariff protection when they are mature.D)the tariff may hurt the industry's domestic sales.E)the tariffs fail to protect the domestic producers.16.In the country levying the tariff, the tariff will A)increase both consumer and producer surplus.B) decrease both the consumer and producer surplus.C) decrease consumer surplus and increase producer surplus.D) increase consumer surplus and decrease producer surplus.E) decrease consumer surplus but leave producers surplus unchanged.17.If the tariff on computers is not changed, but domestic computer producers shift fr om domestically produced semiconductors to imported components, then the effective rate of protection in the computer industry willA) increase.B) decreaseC) remain the same.D)depend on whether computers are PCs or "Supercomputers."E)no longer apply.18.When a government allows raw materials and other intermediate products to enter a country duty free, this generally results in a(an)A) effective tariff rate less than the nominal tariff rate.B) nominal tariff rate less than the effective tariff rate.C) rise in both nominal and effective tariff rates.D) fall in both nominal and effective tariff rates. E) rise in only the effective tariff rat e.19.Should the home country be "large" relative to its trade partners, its imposition ofa tariff on imports would lead to an increase in domestic welfare if the terms of thetra de rectangle exceed the sum of theA) revenue effect plus redistribution effect.B) protective effect plus revenue effect.C) consumption effect plus redistribution effect.D)production distortion effect plus consumption distortion effect.E)terms of trade gain.20.The efficiency case made for free trade is that as trade distortions such as tariffs ar e dismantledand removed,A) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national economic welfare will decreaseB) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national econo mic welfare will increase.C) deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, henceincreasin g national economic welfare.D)deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, hence decreasing na tional economic welfare.E)government tariff revenue will increase, hence increasing national economic welfar e.21.Which organization determines procedures for the settlement of international trade disputes?A)World BankB)World Trade OrganizationC)International Monetary OrganizationD)International Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentE)The League of Nations22.Today U.S. protectionism is concentratedin A) high-tech industries.B) labor-intensive industries.C) industries in which Japan has a comparative advantage.D)computer intensive industries.E)capital-intensive industries.23.The quantitative importance of U.S. protection of the domestic clothing industryis best explained by the fact thatA)this industry is an important employer of highly skilled labor.B)this industry is an important employer of low skilled labor.C)most of the exporters of clothing into the U.S. are poor countries.D)this industry is a politically well organized sector in the U.S.E)the technology involved is very advanced.欢迎下载1124.The optimum tariff is most likely to applyto A) a small tariff imposed by a small country.B) a small tariff imposed by a large country. C)a large tariff imposed by a small country. D) alarge tariff imposed by a large country. E) anad valorem tariff on a small country.25.The median voter modelA)works well in the area of trade policy.B)is not intuitively reasonable.C)tends to result in biased tariff rates.D)does not work well in the area of trade policy.E)is not widely practiced in the United States.欢迎下载12。

XXX15秋《国际经济学》作业4满分答案

XXX15秋《国际经济学》作业4满分答案15秋《国际经济学》作业4一、单选题（共10道试题，共50分。

）1.劳动力在各国间的流动通常会使劳动力流入国(）。

A.财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率提高 B.财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率下降C.财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率提高 D.财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率下降正确答案：A2.从（）以后，欧元区内各国的原货币完全退出流通，欧元成为欧元区内国家唯一的货币。

A。

1991年1月1日B。

2000年7月1日C。

2002年1月1日D。

2002年7月1日正确答案：D3.一国经济的对外均衡，就是实现（）。

A.物价稳定B.国际收支平衡C.经济稳定增长D.充分就业正确答案：B4.人们较注重名义货币收入，而对物价的变化并不敏感的效应称为（）。

A.货币幻觉效应B.真实货币余额效应C.收入再分配效应D.资源再分配效应正确答案：A5.发达国家劳务输出的结构特点是（）。

A.要素性劳务输出B.非要素性劳务输出中的消费性服务C.非要素性劳务输出中的出产性服务D.大规模劳务输出正确答案：C6.由于未预料的汇率变化导致企业或个人未来的纯收益可能受到损失的风险是（）。

A.交易风险B.经济风险C.会计风险D.汇率风险正确答案：B7.外汇管制针对的活动不包括（）。

A.外汇收付B.外汇生意C.外汇借贷D.外汇转移正确答案：C8.1816年，（）最早实行金本位。

A.美国B.法国C.英国D.德国正确答案：C9.开放经济条件下的平衡意味着（）。

A.国际进出与商品市场同时平衡B.国际收支与货币市场同时均衡C.商品市场和货币市场同时均衡D.国际进出、商品市场与货币市场的同时平衡正确答案：D10.国际金本位是指主要国家以（）为本位货币的一种货币制度。

A.白银B.黄金C.钻石D.纸币正确答案：B15秋《国际经济学》作业4二、多选题（共5道试题，共25分。

）1.国际货币体系的内容包括（）。

A.国际储备资产的确定B.汇率制度的确定C.国际收支调节的方式D.国际金融机构管理正确答案：ABC2.国际进出调节的吸收分析理论认为，货币贬值的吸收效应可以分化为（）。

国际经济学试题答案1-4

国际经济学试题答案1-4国际经济学精选习题集第一部分国际贸易理论第1章绪论一、单项选择题1．国际经济学在研究资源配置时，划分的基本经济单位是（D）A.企业B.个人C.政府D.国家2．国际经济学研究的对象是（B）A.国际商品流动B.世界范围内的稀缺资源的最优配置C.国际收支平衡D.国际人员流动3．从国际间经济资源流动的难易度看，流动最容易的是（B）A.商品B.资本C.人员D.技术二、判断分析题1．国际经济学是建立在微观经济学与宏观经济学基础之上的一门分支科学。

√。

大部分国际经济学应用了宏微观经济学的一般原理，如无差异曲线、需求曲线、企业产量按照MR=MC确定等，但是国际经济学理论本身也获得了许多理论性的进步。

在此基础上的国际经济学研究又推动了一般经济学理论研究方法的发展。

三、问答题1．国际经济学的研究对象是什么？国际经济学与一般经济学有何联系？国际经济学研究国家之间经济和金融的相互依存性，包括国际贸易理论、国际贸易政策、外汇市场以及国际收支、开放经济下的宏观经济学。

大部分国际经济学应用了宏微观经济学的一般原理，但是国际经济学理论本身也获得了许多理论性的进步，在此基础上的国际经济学研究又推动了一般经济学理论研究方法的发展。

2．国际贸易理论与政策研究的范围是什么？为什么说它是国际经济学的微观方面？国际贸易理论研究贸易的基础和所得，国际贸易政策考察贸易限制的原因和效果。

二者统称国际经济学的微观部分，因为它们把单个国家看成基本单位，并研究某个商品的（相对）价格。

3．当今世界面临的最重要的国际经济问题是什么？深度的金融和经济危机；迅速全球化的世界背景下发达国家的贸易保护主义；汇率的过度波动和失衡以及全球危机；美国的结构失衡、欧洲和日本的缓慢经济增长，以及转型经济的重组问题；很多发展中国家的深度贫困；资源匮乏、环境恶化、气候变化下和不可持续发展。

第2章比较优势原理一、单项选择题1．比较优势理论认为，国际贸易的驱动力是（A）。

(完整word版)国际经济学测试题答案

国际经济学测试题1答案一、单项选择（1’×10=10’）1.D2.C3.B4.A5.C6.C7.B8.D9.D 10.A二、多项选择（将答案填在下面的表格内，1’×10=10’）1. ABCD2. ABCDE3.ABD4.ABCDE5.ABDE6.ABD7.BCE8.ABE9.ABCD 10.ABD三、判断分析（分析不正确本题不得分。

2’×10=20’）1. 正确2. 错误。

跟大国比较接近。

3. 错误。

小国可以完全分工。

4. 正确5. 错误。

前者增加，后者下降。

6. 错误。

介于零关税和禁止性关税之间7. 错误。

国际生产折中理论8. 正确9. 错误。

动态效应更大更重要10. 正确四、名词解释（3’×4=12’）1．特定要素：只能被用来生产某些特定产品、不能在部门间自由流动的生产要素。

2．最优货币区：是指成员国相互之间的货币实行自由兑换，汇率保持长期固定不变，而对非成员国货币的汇率则实行联合浮动，通过商品和服务贸易以及要素的流动使多国经济紧密地联系在一起的地区。

3．出口替代战略：出口替代发展战略也是实现出口替代工业化的过程。

它是指一国将经济发展重点放在出口工业上，通过扩大出口本国工业制成品和半制成品来代替传统的初级产品出口，以增加外汇收入，带动工业体系的建立和推动整个国民经济的持续发展。

4．需求管理政策: 需求管理政策是通过改变国内总需求来校正国际收支失衡，它是以吸收理论为基础提出的，所以又称支出变化政策，主要政策工具包括财政政策和货币政策。

五、比较分析题（要求借助图形，每题9’，共18’）1. 比较小国利用关税和利用进口替代补贴进行贸易保护的不同效果。

征收关税之后，该国的总福利水平下降了：消费者剩余损失了(a+b+c+d)，其中a被生产者所得，c为政府财政收入所得，但尚有b和d的损失，国内没有任何人能得到相应的补偿。

这是由于关税使本国的生产资源从效率较高的部门转移到了效率较低的部门，即一国的生产资源向没有比较优势的进口竞争部门集中，因此造成了国民福利净损失。

国际经济学试卷答案

国际经济学试卷(A)
一、选择题(2x15=30,每题只有一个正确答案）
1、如果dx、sx、dm和sm分别代表出口产品的需求弹性、出口产品的供给弹性、进口产品的需求弹性和进口产品的供给弹性，则马歇尔—勒纳条件用公式表示为（）A．｜dx+dm｜>1 B．｜dx+sx｜〉1
C．｜dm+sm｜〉1 D．｜sx+sm|〉1
2。

“贫困化增长"的一个必要条件为:（）
A．国家的增长偏向于出口产业。

B．外国对该国的出口需求具有价格弹性.
C．国家的消费偏好高度偏向于出口商品。

D．贸易在国民经济中比重不大。

3、从国际贸易对生产要素收入分配的短期影响来看,自由贸易会导致（）
A．生产进口竞争品部门使用的专门生产要素收入水平提高
B．生产进口竞争品部门使用的共同生产要素收入水平下降
C．生产出口品部门使用的共同生产要素收入水平提高
D．生产出口品部门使用的专门生产要素收入水平提高
4、在商品的国际比价保持不变的情况下,偏向出口的生产要素增长会（)
A．扩大出口品生产规模B．扩大进口品生产规模
C．使贸易规模保持不变D．使贸易规模缩减
5、在货币主义的汇率决定理论中，与本币价值负相关的变量是（)
A．本国国民收入B．外国国民收入
C．外国的利息率D．外国货币供给
6、不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论是（）
A．重叠需求理论B．规模经济理论
C．要素禀赋理论D．相互倾销理论。

国际经济学试题及答案

国际经济学试题及答案一、选择题1. 国际经济学研究的核心问题是什么？A. 国内经济政策B. 国际贸易与投资C. 国际货币体系D. 国际政治关系答案：B2. 根据比较优势理论，一个国家应该专门生产并出口什么？A. 其资源最丰富的商品B. 其生产成本最低的商品C. 其技术最先进的商品D. 其劳动力成本最低的商品答案：B3. 以下哪项不是贸易保护主义的措施？A. 关税B. 配额C. 出口补贴D. 进口许可证答案：C二、简答题1. 简述绝对优势理论的基本内容。

答案：绝对优势理论由亚当·斯密提出，主张一个国家应该生产并出口其生产效率最高的商品，进口其生产效率最低的商品。

该理论认为，即使一个国家在所有商品的生产上都没有绝对优势，它仍然可以通过专业化生产效率相对较高的商品来获得贸易利益。

2. 什么是国际收支平衡表？答案：国际收支平衡表是一个记录一个国家与其他国家之间所有经济交易的统计报表。

它包括经常账户、资本和金融账户以及官方储备账户。

经常账户记录商品和服务的交易，资本和金融账户记录资本流动和金融资产的交易，官方储备账户记录中央银行的外汇储备变动。

三、论述题1. 论述汇率变动对国际贸易的影响。

答案：汇率变动对国际贸易有重要影响。

当一个国家的货币升值时，其出口商品在国际市场上的价格上升，竞争力下降，导致出口减少；同时，进口商品的价格下降，国内消费者更倾向于购买外国商品，导致进口增加。

相反，当一个国家的货币贬值时，其出口商品的价格下降，竞争力增强，促进出口；进口商品的价格上升，抑制进口。

此外，汇率变动还会影响跨国公司的投资决策，因为投资成本和收益会随着汇率变动而变化。

2. 分析全球化对发展中国家的影响。

答案：全球化为发展中国家带来了机遇和挑战。

机遇方面，全球化促进了资本、技术和信息的流动，为发展中国家提供了更多的市场机会和投资机会，有助于提高生产效率和经济增长。

挑战方面，全球化加剧了国际竞争，对发展中国家的产业和就业产生压力，可能导致收入差距扩大。

国际经济学答案

国际经济学答案国际贸易理论（一）1【单选题】下面哪一个基本经济单位在私有制出现之前就存在？（D）A、郡县B、国家C、氏族D、家庭2【单选题】哪位经济学家为开放的宏观经济学做出主要贡献？（B）A、庇古B、凯恩斯C、李嘉图D、亚当·斯密3【多选题】国际经济学的主要内容包括（ABC）。

A、国际金融理论及其对策B、开放经济下的宏观经济学C、国际贸易理论及其对策D、企业利润最大化的产量决定4【判断题】在资源稀缺条件下，如何对资源进行有效配置是西方经济学研究的主要问题。

（√）5【判断题】马克思主义经济学的分支之一是国际经济学。

（×）国际贸易理论（二）1【单选题】凯恩斯哪部书的出版是宏观经济学的迅速发展的标志？（B）A、《国富论》B、《就业、利息与货币通论》C、《政治算术》D、《资本论》2【单选题】针对（D）提出了资源的“稀缺性”。

A、当代资源情况B、能够使用的资源C、允许使用的资源D、人的欲望3【单选题】萨伊认为下面哪一项不是生产要素？（D）A、土地B、资本C、劳动力D、人口4【判断题】西方经济学是所有经济学产生的源头。

（√）5【判断题】朝鲜是目前国际上相对开放的国家。

（×）国际贸易理论（三）1【单选题】经济运行的（A）可以用来经济学与国际经济学的关系。

A、个体B、目的C、主体D、范围2【单选题】下面哪一项是国际经济交往的主要方式？（B）A、国际分工B、生产要素跨国界流动C、开放经济D、商品跨国界流通3【单选题】下面哪一项属于大卫·李嘉图的经典假设？（B）A、要素在国与国之间可完全流动B、要素在国与国之间完全不可流动C、要素在国与国之间不可完全流动D、要素在一国之内不可完全流动4【判断题】在现代社会，唯一的生产和消费的基本单位是家庭。

（×）5【判断题】国际经济学中存在效率和公平问题。

（√）国际贸易理论（四）1【单选题】下面哪一项是经济学最早出现的名称？（C）A、产业学B、贸易学C、家政学D、交换学2【单选题】谁说过“要在国际与国内贸易之间划出一条明显的界限既是不可能的，也是没有必要的。

《国际经济学》期末试卷5套

《国际经济学》模拟试题及参考答案（一）一、名词解释（每小题 5 分，共 20 分）1.要素禀赋：亦即要素的丰裕程度，是指在不同国家之间，由于要素的稀缺程度不同所导致的可利用生产要素价格相对低廉的状况。

赫克歇尔-俄林定理认为，要素禀赋构成一个国家比较优势的基础。

2.倾销：指出口商以低于正常价值的价格向进口国销售产品，并因此给进口国产业造成损害的行为。

3.黄金输送点：黄金输送点包括黄金输入点和黄金输出点，是黄金输入、输出的价格上限和下限，它限制着一个国家货币对外汇率的波动幅度。

4.三元悖论：也称为三元冲突理论，即在开放经济条件下，货币政策的独立性、汇率的稳定性和资本的自由流动三个目标不可能同时实现，各国只能选择其中对自己有利的两个目标。

二、单项选择题2.根据相互需求原理，两国均衡的交换比例取决于（ C ）A 两国的绝对优势B 两国的比较优势C 两国的相对需求强度D 两国的要素禀赋3.在当今的国际贸易格局中，产业内贸易更容易发生于（ B ）A 发展中国家与发达国家B 发达国家与发达国家C 发展中国家与发展中国家D 发展中国家和最不发达国家4.课征关税会增加生产者剩余，减少消费者剩余，社会总福利的变化将（ B ）A 上升B 降低C 不变D 不确定5.以下选项中，哪个选项不属于国际收支统计中居民的概念？（ C ）A 外国企业B 非盈利机构C 国际经济组织D 政府7.布雷顿森林体系创立了（ B ）A 以英镑为中心的固定汇率制度B 以美元为中心的固定汇率制度C 以英镑为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度D 以美元为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度8.在下列投资方式中，属于国际间接投资的是（ D ）A 在国外设立分公司B 在国外设立独资企业C 在国外设立合资企业D 购买国外企业债券9.经济非均衡的无形传导方式不包括（ C ）A 技术转让B 信息交流C 信息回授D 示范效应10.在斯图旺表中第三象限表示（ C ）A 通货膨胀与国际收支顺差并存B 衰退与国际收支顺差并存C 衰退与国际收支逆差并存D 通货膨胀与国际收支逆差并存三、判断正误题1.亚当。

国际经济学答案（4）

国际经济学答案（4）Chapter 5Factor Endowments and Trade I:The Specific Factors ModelSuggested Answers to Textbook Questions1.The average product can be found from the slope of a ray from the origin to points on the totalproduct curve. This reveals that the curve slopes downwards and lies everywhere above the marginal product. The total wage payments are represented by the area of the rectangle formed by BODL0and the return to land is given by the area ABDC.2. Both an increase in the price of food and an increase in the quantity of land will raise wages. Whichraises wages by a greater amount depends upon the slopes of the VMP curves. Both will also reduce the return to capital. If both changes cause an equal increase in wages, then the second will bepreferred by workers, as prices will not increase as they do in the first case. A similar story can be told for capitalists. Note that an increase in the price of food leads to landowners unambiguously gaining, whereas an increase in the amount of land leads to landowners unambiguously losing.3. If there is immigration, wages will fall. The competitive profit conditions then imply that the returnsto both capital and land should increase. A tariff on manufactures will raise their price. This will raise the VMP of labor in the manufacturing sector, thus attracting workers away from sheep farming. The loss of labor in the sheep sector will reduce the returns to land, thus hurting sheep station owners. 4. An increase in the amount of land raises the marginal product of labor in food production, and thedecrease in capital lowers the marginal product of labor in clothing production. Thus, labor will move from the clothing sector to the food sector. In the absence of trade, this movement in the relativesupplies of goods will alter the relative prices of the two goods, with the relative price of fooddecreasing. Thus, the return to land will fall and the return to capital will rise. With trade, the prices of the goods are fixed. Thus, the factor returns will move due to the changes in the factor proportions.The return to capital will rise and the return to land will fall. If the country trades at world prices, then there will very little change in land rents.Multiple Choice Questions1. The law of diminishing returns states that as you use more of a variable factor in combination with a fixed factorAnswer: (c)Chapter 5 Factor Endowments and Trade I: The Specific Factors Model 292. At constant commodity price, labor growthAnswer: (b)3. If the value of the marginal product of labor exceeds the wage rate then firms willAnswer: (a)4. The owners of the specific factors will lobby together forAnswer: (d)5. Under constant returns to scale, if wages and the return to capital both rise by 10 percent, then Answer: (c)6. If wages rise by 10% and the return to capital rises by 20%, which of the following is a possible increase in the price of a good that uses both labor and capital as inputs?Answer: (d)7. In a specific factors model, if a firm wishes to increase output,Answer: (c)8. In a two sector specific factors model with labor mobile across sectors,Answer: (b)9. If tastes shift towards food and away from clothing, then in a specific factors framework with labor mobile across sectors,Answer: (a)10. In a specific factors framework with labor as the mobile factor, immigration willAnswer: (e)11. In a specific factors framework with labor as the mobile factor, an increase in the capital stock will Answer: (d)12. In a specific factors framework with labor as the mobile factor and land as the factor specific to the food sector, an increase in food prices willAnswer: (d)13. In a specific factors framework with labor as the mobile factor and capital as the factor specific to the clothing sector, which of the following is a possible result of a 10 percent increase in clothing prices? Answer: (a)14. Assuming workers consume primarily the import good, labor will allocate large resources to lobby with the specific factor used in the import competing sector toAnswer: (e)30 Caves/Frankel/Jones - World Trade and Payments: An Introduction, Tenth Edition15. In the specific factors framework, a 15 percent increase in the return to land and a 2 percent increase in the wage rate could be the result ofAnswer: (a)16. In a specific factors framework with labor as the mobile factor, capitalists will promote policies that Answer: (e)17. In a specific factors framework, the “Dutch Disease” occurs whenAnswer: (b)18. With non-traded goods, a boom in an export sector (assuming labor is mobile across sectors) withouta shift in demand willAnswer: (b)19. If the price of clothing decreases by 10 percent, which of the following could occur?Answer: (c)20. Which of the following groups is most likely to oppose immigration into the US?Answer: (c)。

国际经济学试题及答案（题库）

国际经济学试题及答案（题库）国际经济学习题集及参考答案一、填空、选择、判断题（每题1分）：第一章：1、国际贸易理论以微观经济学原理为基础，讨论世界范围内的资源配置问题。

2、最常用国际贸易模型的结构形式为两个国家、两种产品（或部门）和两种要素。

3、在完竞争的假设前提下，封闭条件下的相对价格是国际贸易产生的基础。

4、国家间的供给、需求方面的差异是造成相对价格的根源。

5、贸易后，国际均衡价格由两国的供需共同决定，国际均衡价格处于两国封闭下的相对价格之间。

6、国际贸易利益包括两个部分：来自交换的利益和来自专业化的利益。

7、贸易理论主要围绕三个问题展开：国际贸易的格局、国际贸易的条件、国际贸易的收益。

第二章：1、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；李嘉图的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

2、哈伯勒首先用机会成本概念来阐明比较优势论。

3、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

4、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。

5、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；劳动生产率的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

6、在李嘉图模型中，生产可能性边界线方程是一个线性方程式，表示A、B两国的PPF曲线是一条直线段。

7、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

8、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。

9、机会成本概念表明：彼种选择的机会成本就构成此种选择的机会成本。

选择题：1、首先用机会成本理论来解释比较优势原理的学者是： C、A、李嘉图B、罗布津斯基C、哈伯勒D、穆勒第三章：1、要素禀赋理论最初是由赫克歇尔和俄林提出的，后经萨缪尔森等人加工不断完善。

国际经济学第四版答案

国际经济学第四版答案1. 单项选择题（总共30小题，每题2分）国际经济学的研究对象是（） [单选题] *A、商品和要素在国际间的流动(正确答案)B、汇率决定C、国际收支平衡D、世界范围内的稀缺资源配置2. 下列一体化程度最低和最高的两种一体化形式分别是（） [单选题] *A、自由贸易区和完全的经济一体化B、关税同盟和完全的经济一体化C、关税同盟和共同市场D、自由贸易区和经济联盟(正确答案)3. 下列不属于贸易保护学说的理论是（） [单选题] *A、幼稚产业学说B、资源禀赋学说(正确答案)C、最佳关税学说D、抽取垄断租金论4. 下列不属于关税同盟的动态效果的是（） [单选题] *A、市场扩大或规模经济效果B、贸易创造和贸易转移效果(正确答案)C、吸引外部投资D、促进成员国企业竞争5. 关于倾销的说法正确的有（） [单选题] *A、持续性倾销是出口商以低于其本国国内价格甚至是低于其生产成本的价格长期向国外销售其产品的行为B、掠夺性倾销是出口商以低于其本国国内价格甚至是低于其生产成本的价格向国外销售其产品的暂时性行为(正确答案)C、倾销不利于进口国相关产品的消费者D、倾销不利于出口国相关产品的生产者6. 下列说法正确的有（） [单选题] *A、出口补贴对出口国的生产者不利，对进口国的消费者不利B、出口补贴对出口国的生产者有利，对出口国的消费者也有利C、出口补贴对进口国的生产者不利，对进口国的消费者也不利D、出口补贴对出口国的生产者有利，对进口国的消费者有利(正确答案)7. 在产品生命周期的初始阶段，该产品一般属于（） [单选题] *A、资本密集型产品B、劳动密集型产品(正确答案)C、技术密集型产品D、资源密集型产品8. 下列那个因素不会导致国际贸易（） [单选题] *A、两国需求状况相同时，要素禀赋的相对差异B、两国需求状况相同时，要素禀赋无相对差异差异，但有绝对差异(正确答案)C、供给状况相同时，需求状况的差异D、其他条件相同时，两国生产率的相对差异9. 关于国际贸易中的国际交换比价和国际贸易利益，下列说法不正确的有（） [单选题] *A、只要国际交换比价处在开放前两国国内交换比价之间，则国际贸易就可能进行B、只要国际交换比价处在开放前两国国内交换比价之间，则国际贸易对两个国家都有好处C、只要国际交换比价处在开放前两国国内交换比价之间，则国际贸易给两个国家带来的好处就相等(正确答案)D、只要国际交换比价处在开放前两国国内交换比价之间，则国际贸易就可增加世界总福利10. 根据要素禀赋理论中的有关定理，下列论述不正确的有（） [单选题] *A、进口关税将提高进口竞争商品密集使用的生产要素的实际报酬B、进口关税将降低出口部门密集使用的生产要素的实际报酬C、商品的出口将提高出口部门密集使用的生产要素的实际报酬D、商品的进口将提高进口竞争商品密集使用的生产要素的实际报酬(正确答案)11. 根据要素价格均等化原理，下列那个不是要素价格均等化的真正原因（） [单选题] *A、商品价格未实现均等化B、关税、非关税壁垒等障碍C、运输成本的存在D、要素在国家之间的流动受到限制(正确答案)12. 根据罗伯津斯基（雷布任斯基）定理，下列那个推论是正确的（） [单选题] *A、偏向出口部门的增长将改善本国的贸易条件B、偏向进口部门的增长将恶化本国的贸易条件C、偏向进口部门的增长将降低本国的福利D、偏向出口部门的增长在一定条件下可能会降低本国的净福利(正确答案)13. 关于汇率，下列表述正确的是（） [单选题] *A、汇率上升，则本币贬值B、汇率下降，则本币贬值C、直接标价法下，汇率上升，则本币升值D、间接标价法下，汇率上升，则本币升值(正确答案)14. 在供给弹性无穷大的情况下，马歇尔和勒纳认为，通过本币贬值改善贸易收支，必须具备的条件是什么？其中，ηx,ηm分别是出口和进口需求弹性（） [单选题] *A、|ηx-ηm |B、|ηx+ηm |>1C、|ηx+ηm |(正确答案)D、|ηx-ηm |>115. 给定边际消费倾向为4／5，边际进口倾向为1／10，则外贸乘数为（） [单选题] *A、 10／2B、10／19C、10／9(正确答案)D、10／1716. 假定某国关税前单位棉布的市场价格为10元，其中间投入品棉纱的市场价格为6元，若该国对棉布征收进口关税税率为20％，对棉纱的关税税为40％，则该国对棉布的实际保护率为（） [单选题] *A、 10％B、－10％(正确答案)C、90％D、－90％17. 比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是（） [单选题] *A、劳动生产率的差异(正确答案)B、技术水平的差异C、产品品质的差异D、价格的差异18. 关于利率平价，下列表述正确的有（） [单选题] *A、国内利率高于国外利率引起的套利活动将导致本币贬值B、国内利率高于国外利率则人们会预期本币会升值C、抛补利率平价条件意味着，远期汇率等于预期未来的即期汇率(正确答案)D、利率平价是“一价定律”在商品市场（可贸易品）发挥作用的结果19. 关于购买力平价，下列表述正确的是（） [单选题] *A、 PPP学说是一价定律在某个具体商品上的体现B、若一定时期内外国的通货膨胀率高于本国，则以间接标价法表示的汇率上升C、金铸币本位制下，汇率的波动范围的下限是金平价加上黄金运送成本(正确答案)D、一价定律的前提条件是不完全竞争的市场机制20. 当一国国际收支为顺差时，外汇市场上本币的供求关系为（） [单选题] *A、供大于求B、供小于求(正确答案)C、供求相等D、无法判断21. 由于国际市场上制成品价格大幅度上升，初级产品价格增长缓慢导致的发展中国家贸易条件恶化和国际收支不平衡，属于（） [单选题] *A、周期性不平衡B、结构性不平衡C、收入性不平衡D、价格性不平衡(正确答案)22. 下列不属于金铸币本位制的基本特征的有（） [单选题] *A、以金币为本位币B、金币自由铸造(正确答案)C、黄金自由输入和输出D、发行纸币23. 根据蒙代尔提出的“分配法则”，外部平衡应该采取什么政策来实现（） [单选题] *A、货币政策B、财政政策(正确答案)C、产业政策D、国别政策24. 固定汇率制下，某国出现了高失业和国际收支逆差并存的情况，则应该采用（） [单选题] *A、紧缩性的财政政策与扩张性的货币政策B、紧缩性的财政政策与紧缩性的货币政策C、扩张性的财政政策与紧缩性的货币政策(正确答案)D、扩张性的财政政策与扩张性的货币政策25. 布雷顿森林体系是以（）为中心的国际货币体系。

国际经济学(含答案)

期末考试复习题（答案供参考）一、单项选择：1．国际分工与国际贸易之间的关系是AA．国际分工是国际贸易的基础。

B．国际贸易是国际分工的基础。

C．两者是平行关系。

D．两者是交叉关系。

2．国际分工形成和发展的基础是CA．资本流动。

B．社会生产力。

C．自然条件。

D．生产关系。

3．俄林认为区域贸易或国际贸易产生的直接原因是CA．生产要素在各国间自由流动。

B．不同商品之间实行自由贸易。

C．各个地区间商品的价格差别。

D．不同国家货币比价不同形成。

4．商品的国际市场价格围绕国际生产价格上下波动，是由于国际市场的哪一项因素决定的CA．国际价值。

B．垄断价格。

C．供求关系。

D．交换关系。

5．从需求方面考察关税同盟的静态效果，称为CA．贸易转移效果。

B．贸易创造效果。

C．贸易扩大效果。

D．贸易再造效果。

6．按照“要素比例说”，俄林认为要实现国际分工的利益最好是执行AA．自由贸易政策。

B．保护幼稚工业贸易政策。

C．超保护贸易政策。

D．有限保护贸易政策。

7．各国经济发展阶段不同，应采取的贸易政策也应不同，提出这种观点的主要人物是BA．汉密尔顿。

B．李斯特。

C．凯恩斯。

D．亚当·斯密。

8．李斯特贸易保护主义的主要特点是BA．保护成熟的垄断工业。

B．保护幼稚工业。

C．保持贸易顺差。

D．保护新兴工业。

9．从15世纪初到18世纪中叶，在国际贸易理论方面占主导地位的是AA．重商主义。

B．重农主义。

C．重金主义。

D．重本抑末。

10．重商主义追求的目的就是在国内积累货币财富，在对外贸易上采取的政策是AA．保护贸易政策。

B．自由贸易政策。

C．超保护贸易政策。

D．有限贸易保护政策。

11．世界贸易组织的总部设在CA．纽约。

B．布鲁塞尔。

C．日内瓦。

D．伦敦。

12．在WTO《农业协议》中，对那些对生产和贸易产生扭曲作用的国内支持政策，称为下列哪项政策，并需要减让承诺C A．绿箱政策。

B．蓝箱政策。

C．黄箱政策。

D．灰箱政策。

13．在《补贴与反补贴措施协议》中，禁止性补贴又称为A A．红灯补贴。

国际经济学作业答案-第四章

国际经济学作业答案-第四章Chapter 4 Resources and Trade: The Heckscher-Ohlin ModelMultiple Choice Questions1. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, an influx of workers from across the border would(a) move the point of production along the production possibility curve.(b) shift the production possibility curve outward, and increase the production of both goods.(c) shift the production possibility curve outward and decrease the production of the labor-intensiveproduct.(d) shift the production possibility curve outward and decrease the production of the capitalintensiveproduct.(e) None of the above.Answer: D2. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differ in(a) tastes.(b) military capabilities.(c) size.(d) relative availabilities of factors of production.(e) labor productivities.Answer: D3. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, a change from autarky (no trade) to trade will benefitthe owners of(a) capital.(b) the relatively abundant factor of production.(c) the relatively scarce factor of production.(d) the relatively inelastic factor of production.(e) the factor of production with the largest elasticity of substitution. Answer: B4. In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, a change from autarky (no trade) to trade(a) will tend to make the wages in both countries more similar.(b) will equalize the wages in both countries.(c) will tend to make the wages in both countries less similar.(d) will tend to make wages equal to returns to capital.(e) will tend to make rents equal to interest rates. Answer: A国际经济学作业答案-第四章5. The Leontieff Paradox(a) supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.(b) supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(c) failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.(d) failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(e) proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others. Answer: D6. The Leontieff Paradox(a) refers to the finding that U.S. exports were more labor intensive than its imports.(b) refers to the finding that U.S. Exports were more capital intensive than its exports.(c) refers to the finding that the U.S. produces outside its Edgeworth Box.(d) still accurately applies to today ' s pattern of U.S. international trade.(e) refers to the fact that Leontieff —an American economist —had a Russian name. Answer: A7. The 1987 study by Bowen, Leamer and Sveikauskas(a) supported the validity of the Leontieff Paradox.(b) supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(c) used a two-country and two-product framework.(d) demonstrated that in fact countries tend to use different technologies.(e) proved that the U.S. ' s comparative advantage relied on skilled labor.Answer: A8. Empirical observations on actual North-South trade patterns tend to(a) support the validity of the Leontieff Paradox.(b) support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.(c) support the validity of the Rybczynski Theorem.(d) support the validity of the wage equalization theorem.(e) support the validity of the neo-imperialism exploitation theory. Answer: B9. The Case of the Missing Trade refers to(a) the 9th volume of the Hardy Boys ' Mystery series.(b) the fact that world exports does not equal world imports.(c) the fact that factor trade is less than predicted by the Heckscher-Ohlin theory.(d) the fact that the Heckscher Ohlin theory predicts much less volume of trade than actually exists.(e) None of the above.Answer: C国际经济学作业答案-第四章10. If the Unted States had relatively more capital per worker than Mexico, and if the Leontieff Paradox applied to this trade,then a successful expansion of trade under NAFTA between Mexico and the United States would tend to benefit which group in the United States?(a) Environmentalists(b) Capitalists(c) Workers(d) Land owners(e) Skilled labor with relatively high levels of human capital Answer: C11. According to the Heckscher- Ohlin model, the source of comparative advantage is a country 's(a) technology.(b) advertising.(c) human capital.(d) factor endowments.(e) Both (a) and (b).Answer: D12. The Hechscher-Ohlin model states that a country will have a comparative advantage in the good or service whoseproduction is relatively intensive in the _________________ with which the country is relativelyabundant.(a) tastes(b) technology(c) factor of production(d) opportunity cost(e) scale economy Answer: C13. One way in which the Heckscher-Ohlin model differs from the Ricardo model of comparative advantage is by assumingthat _______________________________ is (are) identical in all countries.(a) factor of production endowments(b) scale economies(c) factor of production intensities(d) technology(e) opportunity costs Answer: D14. According to the Hecksher-Ohlin model,(a) everyone automatically gains from trade(b) the scarce factor necessarily gains from trade(c) the gainers could compensate the losers and still retain gains.(d) a country gains if its exports have a high value added.(e) None of the above.Answer: C国际经济学作业答案-第四章15. The Heckscher-Ohlin model assumes that ____ are identical in all trading countries(a) tastes(b) technologies(c) factor endowments(d) Both (a) and (b).(e) None of the above.Answer: B16. As opposed to the Ricardian model of comparative advantage, the assumption of diminishing returns in theHeckscher-Ohlin model means that the probability is greater that with trade(a) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.(b) countries will benefit from free international trade.(c) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.(d) comparative advantage is primarily supply related.(e) None of the above.Answer: A17. Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Country H is relatively laborabundant, then once trade begins(a) wages and rents should rise in H(b) wages and rents should fall in H(c) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.(d) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.(e) None of the above.Answer: C18. Which of the following is false (for the Heckscher-Ohlin model)?(a) If tastes are not identical in both countries, wages may still equalize.(b) Differences in technologies could be the source of gains from trade.(c) Some groups may gain and some may lose due to trade.(d) Gains for the trade-related winners will tend to be larger than losses of losers.(e) None of the above.Answer: B19. If tastes differed between countries, this could affect(a) wage equalization due to trade with no specialization.(b) the direction of trade (who exports what to whom).(c) the fact that some groups in a country might lose welfare due to trade.(d) the fact that the country as a whole will gain from trade.(e) None of the above. Answer: B国际经济学作业答案-第四章20. Suppose that there are two factors, capital and land, and that the United States is relatively land en dowed while theEuropea n Union is relatively capital-e ndowed. Accordi ng to the Heckscher- Ohlin model,(a) European Iandowners should support U.S.-European free trade.(b) European capitalists should support U.S.-European free trade.(c) all capitalists in both countries should support free trade.(d) all landowners should support free trade.(e) None of the above.An swer: B21. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model, if the United States is richly endowed in human-capital relative to Mexico, the nas NAFTA in creas in gly leads to more bilateral free trade betwee n the two coun tries,(a) the Un ited States will find its in dustrial base sucked into Mexico.(b) Mexico will find its relatively highly skilled workers draw n to theUni ted States.(c) The wages of highly skilled U.S. workers will be drawn down toMexican levels.(d) The wages of highly skilledMexica n workers will rise to those in the Uni ted States.(e) The wages of highly skilledMexica n workers will fall to those inthe Uni ted States.An swer: E22. Assume that only two coun tries, A and B, exist.Consider the following data:If good S is capital intensive, then following the Heckscher-Ohlin Theory,(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) Insufficient information is given.An swer: B23. Continuing from Question #22, if you are told that Country B is very much richer than Country A, the n the correct answer is:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) insufficient information is given.An swer: B国际经济学作业答案-第四章24. Continuing from Question #22, you are told that Country B is very much larger than country A. The correct answeris:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) insufficient information is given.Answer: B25. Continuing from Question #22, you are told that Country B has no minimum wage or child labor laws. Now thecorrect answer is:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) Insufficient information is given.Answer: B26. Continuing from Question #22, you now are told that the labor unions representing the workers in each of the tworespective countries are considering lobbying against the opening of international trade between these twocountries. Note that workers ' income is derived solely from wages.(a) This would be a misguided decision from the viewpoint of the workers in both countries, since trade is alwaysbetter than autarky.(b) This would be a good decision from the viewpoint of workers in Country A since international trade helps thecapitalists and hurts the workers.(c) This would be a good decision from the viewpoint of workers in Country B since international trade helps theowners of capital and hurts the workers.(d) This would be a good decision for both unions since trade hurts workers wherever they live.(e) None of the above.Answer: C27. We are now told that the information given us in Question #22 was not exactly accurate, and that in fact S isrelatively capital intensive only when relative wages are high, but becomes relatively labor intensive when relative wages are low. Given this information:(a) country A will export good S.(b) country B will export good S.(c) both countries will export good S.(d) trade will not occur between these two countries.(e) Insufficient information is given.Answer: E国际经济学作业答案-第四章28. The following are all assumptions that must be accepted in order to apply the Heckscher-Ohlin Theory, except forone:(a) countries differ in their endowments of factors of production.(b) countries differ in their technologies.(c) there are two factors of production.(d) production is subject to constant returns to scale.(e) one product always requires more machines per worker in its production than does the other product.Answer: B29. In international-trade equilibrium in the Heckscher-Ohlin model,(a) the capital rich country will charge less for the capital intensive good than the price paid by the capital poorcountry for the capital-intensive good.(b) the capital rich country will charge the same price for the capital intensive good as that paid for it by the capitalpoor country.(c) the capital rich country will charge more for the capital intensive good than the price paid by the capital poorcountry for the capital-intensive good.(d) the workers in the capital rich country will earn more than those in the poor country.(e) the workers in the capital rich country will earn less than those in the poor country. Answer: B30. If two countries were very different in their relative factor availabilities, then we would not expect which of thefollowing to be empirically supported?(a) The Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem(b) The Factor Price Equalization Theorem.(c) The Law of One Price(d) The Law of Demand(e) None of the above. Answer: B31. When Country A produces both goods more efficiently than Country B, then(a) country A should produce both goods and not trade.(b) country A should specialize in its good of least absolute disadvantage.(c) both countries would benefit from autarky.(d) both countries may not benefit from trade.(e) None of the above. Answer: E32. The minimum information required to determine Country A 's comparative advantage is(a) the number of hours of labor in the economy of A.(b) ratio of labor inputs for products S and T in A.(c) total available labor, labor required per unit of S, and labor required per unit of T in A.(d) total available labor and the ratio of labor inputs for S and T in A.(e) None of the above. Answer: E国际经济学作业答案-第四章33. The slope of a country ' s PPF reflects(a) the opportunity cost of product S in terms of product T.(b) the opportunity cost of T in terms of money prices.(c) the opportunity cost of S or T in terms of S.(d) Both (a) and (b).(e) Both (a) and (c).Answer: A34. The Heckscher-Ohlin model predicts all of the following except:(a) which country will export which product.(b) which factor of production within each country will gain from trade.(c) the volume of trade.(d) that wages will tend to become equal in both trading countries.(e) None of the above.Answer: C35. The Heckscher-Ohlin model differs from the Ricardian model of Comparative Advantage in that the former(a) has only two countries.(b) has only two products.(c) has two factors of production.(d) has two production possibility frontiers (one for each country).(e) None of the above.Answer: C36. International trade has strong effects on income distributions. Therefore, international trade(a) is beneficial to everyone in both trading countries.(b) will tend to hurt one trading country.(c) will tend to hurt some groups in each trading country.(d) will tend to hurt everyone in both countries.(e) will be beneficial to all those engaged in international trade. Answer: C37. Factors tend to be specific to certain uses and products(a) in countries lacking comparative advantage.(b) in the short run.(c) in capital-intensive industries.(d) in labor-intensive industries.(e) in countries lacking fair labor laws.Answer: B国际经济学作业答案-第四章38. If the price of the capital intensive product rises more than does the price of the land intensive product, then(a) demand will shift away from the capital-intensive product, and its production will decrease.(b) demand will shift away from the capital-intensive product, and its production will decrease relative to that of theland intensive product.(c) the production of the capital-intensive product will indeed decrease, but not for the reasons mentioned in (a) or(b).(d) the countries exporting the capital-intensive good will lose its comparative advantage.(e) None of the above. Answer: E39. If Australia has relatively more land per worker, and Belgium has relatively more capital per worker, then if tradewere to open up between these two countries,(a) the relative price of the capital-intensive product would rise in Australia.(b) the world price of the land-intensive product would be higher than it had been in Belgium.(c) the world price of the land intensive product would be higher than it had been in Australia.(d) the relative price of the land intensive product would rise in Belgium.(e) None of the above. Answer: C40. If Australia has more land per worker, and Belgium has more capital per worker, then if trade were to open upbetween these two countries,(a) the real income of capital owners in Australia would rise.(b) the real income of labor in Australia would clearly rise.(c) the real income of labor in Belgium would clearly rise.(d) the real income of landowners in Belgium would fall.(e) the real incomes of capital owners in both countries would rise. Answer: D41. If trade opens up between the two formerly autarkic countries, Australia and Belgium, then(a) the real income of Australia and of Belgium will increase.(b) the real income of Australia but not of Belgium will increase.(c) the real income of neither country will increase.(d) the real income of both countries may increase.(e) the real income of both countries will increase. Answer: D42. If the price of food (a land intensive product) rises, then the income of capital owners will fall because(a) capital owners consume only food.(b) the real wage in terms of manufactures rises.(c) they must pay higher wages to maintain subsistence levels.(d) food is an element of organic capital for capitalists.(e) None of the above. Answer: B国际经济学作业答案-第四章43. If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relatively landintense then trade between these two, formerly autarkic countries will(a) lead to perfect specialization with Japan alone producing manufactures.(b) create a world relative price of food that is lower than that of the U.S.(c) lower the price of food in both countries.(d) raise the price of food in both countries.(e) None of the above.Answer: E44. The reason trade clearly benefits a country is that(a) it raises the real income of the more productive elements in society.(b) it lowers the real income of the less productive elements in society.(c) it increases the levels of consumption of everyone.(d) it increases society ' s consumption choices.(e) None of the above.Answer: D45. As compared to potential gainers, those who stand to lose from trade(a) are likely to migrate to another country.(b) tend to be more effectively organized politically.(c) tend to reject compensation as smacking of socialism.(d) are universally opposed by economists who consider them parasites.(e) None of the above.Answer: B46. Those who stand to gain from trade(a) do not really care about the issue of income redistribution.(b) could not compensate losers since there are so many poor people.(c) could compensate losers but would rather not in modern industrial economies.(d) compensate losers at least partially through such legislation as unemployment compensation, orretraining grants.(e) None of the above.Answer: D47. Groups that lose from trade tend to lobby the government to(a) shift the direction of comparative advantage.(b) abolish the Specific Factor model from practical application.(c) provide public support for the relatively efficient sectors.(d) provide protection for the relatively inefficient sectors.(e) None of the above.Answer: D国际经济学作业答案-第四章48. It was found that when the United States imposed steel quotas, this caused harm not only to steel consumers, butalso to many producers for whom steel is an important input. This insight(a) suggests that general equilibrium models of tariffs will demonstrate that the partial equilibrium deadweight losstriangles tend to overstate the tariff harm.(b) suggests that the deadweight loss triangles from partial equilibrium models tend to understate the harm tosociety of protectionism.(c) suggests that it is quite sensible that producers tend to support quotas.(d) suggests that steel production is an infant industry in the U.S.(e) None of the above.Answer: B49. It was found that when the United States placed quotas on imported Japanese semiconductors, this harmed theinternational competitiveness of U.S. computer manufacturers. This is a good illustration of the principle that(a) trade benefits the factor that is specific to the export sector.(b) protectionism helps manufacturers but harms consumers.(c) protectionism harms the factor that is specific to the export sector.(d) effective protection is not the same as a nominal tariff or tariff equivalent.(e) None of the above.Answer: D50. Ricardo 's model of comparative advantage demonstrated no harm to anroyugp in the economy as a result of freetrade. This was probably because(a) Ricardo did not understand the concept of diminishing returns.(b) the specific factor model had not yet been invented.(c) Heckscher and Ohlin had not yet been born.(d) a model, which demonstrated such harm, would have been counter-productive to Ricardo ' spolitical or polemical aims.(e) None of the above.Answer: D51. When the Napoleonic Wars were over, the Corn Laws were enacted in England. This may be understood in termsof the following:(a) The Hecksher-Ohlin model.(b) The intra-trade model.(c) The monopolistic competition model(d) The scale economies model(e) None of the above.Answer: A国际经济学作业答案-第四章52. If Gambinia has many workers but very little land and even less productive capital, then, followingthe specific factor model, we know that Gambinia has a comparative advantage in(a) manufactures.(b) food.(c) both manufactures and food.(d) neither manufactures nor food.(e) Not enough information given.Answer: E53. If, relative to its trade partners, Gambinia has many workers but very little land and even less productive capital,then, following the specific factor model, in order to help the country welfare, the Gambinian government should(a) protect the manufacturing sector.(b) protect the agricultural sector.(c) protect both sectors.(d) not resort to protectionism(e) None of the above.Answer: DEssay Questions1. “ A good cannot be both lan-dand labor-intensive. ” Discuss.Answer: In a two good, two factor model, such as the original Heckscher-Ohlin framework, the factor intensities are relative intensities. Hence, the relevant statistic is either workers per acre (or acres per worker); or wageper rental unit (or rental per wage). In order to illustrate the logic of the statement above, let us assumethat the production of a broom requires 4 workers and 1 acre. Also, let us assume that the production ofone bushel of wheat requires 40 workers and 80 acres. In this case the acres per person required toproduce a broom is one quarter, whereas to produce a bushel of wheat requires 2 acres per person. Thewheat is therefore (relatively) land intensive, and the broom is (relatively) labor intensive.2. “ No country is abundant in everything. ” Discuss.Answer: the concept of relative (country) factor abundance is (like factor intensities) a relative concept. When we identify a country as being capital intensive, we mean that it has more capital per worker than does theother country. If one country has more capital worker than another, it is an arithmetic impossibility that italso has more workers per unit capital.3. There is frequently a conflict between short-term and long-term interests in trade. Discuss.Answer: In trade models, the short term is typically defined as that (conceptual) period of time in which both the technology and the amount of factors of production are given and cannot be changed. When we state thatfree trade can be shown to be an optimal policy under certain circumstances, we mean that in the shortrun, this policy can bring a country to an optimum level of consumption. However, there is noinconsistency in the proposition that the optimum short run solution may not be the solution, whichmaximizes the likelihood of economic expansion or growth (the long run). For example, a policy whichmaximizes consumption may not take into account inter- temporal preferences, and hence may -“ shortchange ” future generations (or those who care for future generations).国际经济学作业答案-第四章4. International trade leads to complete equalization of factor prices. Discuss.Answer: This statement is typically “ true . . . but. ” Under a strict and limited set of assumptions, such as the original Heckscher-Ohlin model which excludes country specific technologies; non- homothetictastes; factor intensity reversals; large country differences in (relative) factor abundances, more factors thangoods, and an equilibrium solution within the of specialization then”it ;may be demonstrated that internalconsistency demands that the above stated sentence is “ true. ” However, the minute one relaxes any of theabove listedassumptions one may easily identify solutions, which contradict the factor price equalization theorem.5. Countries that are willing to tolerate an unusually high quantity of pollution relative to their suppliesof other factors would tend to export -inte“nsipvoellutio”n goods. Discuss using the Hechs-cherOhlin (H.O.) model.Answer: This statement is badly crafted. It seems to imply that pollution per say is a proper factor of production. That is, just as if you add a worker, you get additional product, so the marginal product of pollution is positive. Theproblem here is that pollution is not really a factor of production, but rather an externality, which may be moretypical of imported goods than exported ones. In such a case, the statement above is false.6. Countries do not in fact export the goods the H.O. theory predicts. Discuss.Answer: This statement is not true. Although one may find many cases where it seems to be true (e.g. the Leontieff Paradox ), all one needs to do in order to render the above statement not (generally) true is to find onecounter example. In fact, one can find large subsets of agricultural and commodity products in which the H.Opredictions are generally fulfilled. Labor-intensive countries such as Bangladesh do in fact export relativelylabor-intensive goods. Capital-intensive countries such as Germany do in fact export capital-intensiveproducts (at least to South countries). Countries such as Costa Rica ( “ sunshine abundant ” ) tend to exportbananas (sunshine-intensive products). The U.S. (a wheat-land-abundant country) does indeed export wheat(a wheat-land intensive product). In fact, since the early 1980s, the Leontieff Paradox was not found todescribe the U.S. trade data (hence ratifying the H.O. theory).7. Why is the H.O. model called the factor-proportions theory?Answer: The H.O. model explores the nature and the limitations of assuming that the sole determinant of comparative advantage is inter-country differences in (relative) factor proportions.8. Why do we observe the Leontief paradox?Answer: There are many possible answers. They may be classified into three groups. One would argue that the model, or theory is wrong. The other would argue that the theory is correct (internally consistent and descriptive ofreal world data), but the real world data is incorrectly perceived, defined or measured. The third would arguethat the statement itself is wrong, and that in fact the Leontieff paradox itself is not actually observed, butrather is due to faulty logical rendering of the original model.国际经济学作业答案-第四章9. Why are prices of factors of production not equalized?Answer: Again this statement may or may not be argued to be true. On the one hand, the large volume and growth in world trade between the United States and other OECD countries during the 50 years sinceWorld War II has clearly been related to a near universal (average) convergence in real wage levelsin these countries, whereas the most obvious cases in which such a convergence did not take place(North-South countries) also happened to be cases in which trade was relatively small and“ missing.There are many theoretical reasons why factor price equalization may not occur. If the relativecountry relative abundances are very different, then the theory itself does not predict that the wageequalization will occur. The same is true of factor intensity reversals exist within relevant relativewage ranges. Dynamic migration models such as Harris- Todaro are another class of theory that may。

《国际经济学》期末测试题及答案

《国际经济学》期末测试题及答案第一套一、名词解释1. 国际贸易：是指不同国家和地区之间进行的商品和服务的交换。

2. 比较优势：是指一个国家在生产某种商品或提供某种服务上，相对于其他国家具有更低的机会成本。

3. 绝对优势：是指一个国家在生产某种商品或提供某种服务上，其生产效率高于其他国家。

4. 全球化：是指全球范围内的经济、政治、文化、社会等各方面的交流和融合。

5. 贸易保护主义：是指通过实施关税、配额等手段，限制外国商品和服务进入本国市场的政策。

二、填空题1. _______是国际贸易的主要形式之一。

答案：自由贸易2. _______是决定国际贸易的重要因素。

答案：比较优势3. _______是全球化的主要推动力之一。

答案：科技进步4. _______是全球化的主要挑战之一。

答案：文化冲突5. _______是贸易保护主义的主要手段之一。

答案：关税壁垒三、单项选择题1. 以下哪个选项不是决定国际贸易的因素？A. 生产成本B. 市场需求C. 政府政策D. 个人喜好答案：D2. 以下哪个选项不是全球化的推动力？A. 科技进步B. 文化交流C. 政治冲突D. 经济发展答案：C3. 以下哪个选项不是全球化的挑战？A. 文化冲突B. 环境问题C. 经济发展不平衡D. 人口增长答案：D4. 以下哪个选项不是贸易保护主义的手段？A. 关税壁垒B. 配额制度C. 非关税壁垒D. 自由贸易协定答案：D5. 以下哪个选项不是全球化的影响？A. 经济一体化B. 文化交流C. 政治冲突D. 技术进步答案：C四、多项选择题1. 以下哪些因素会影响国际贸易？（）A. 生产成本B. 市场需求C. 政府政策D. 个人喜好答案：ABC2. 以下哪些是全球化的推动力？（）A. 科技进步B. 文化交流C. 政治冲突D. 经济发展答案：ABD3. 以下哪些是全球化的挑战？（）A. 文化冲突B. 环境问题C. 经济发展不平衡D. 人口增长答案：ABCD4. 以下哪些是贸易保护主义的手段？（）A. 关税壁垒B. 配额制度C. 非关税壁垒D. 自由贸易协定答案：ABC5. 以下哪些是全球化的影响？（）A. 经济一体化B. 文化交流C. 政治冲突D. 技术进步答案：ABD五、判断题1. 如果一个国家在生产某种商品或提供某种服务上，其生产效率低于其他国家，那么这个国家就没有比较优势。

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