高中主谓一致

合集下载

高中主谓一致完整版笔记

高中主谓一致完整版笔记

主谓一致主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement),指人称和数方面的一致关系。

如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.主谓一致可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致。

(一) 语法一致原则:即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数。

以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with, along with, together with, like, but, except, besides, as well as, as much as, accompanied by, no less than, rather than, including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数。

如:Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质。

No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。

2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

如:Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。

高一语法:主谓一致

高一语法:主谓一致

汉语很难学。
Chinese are very hospitable.
中国人非常好客。
三、谓语动词用单复数均可
3.以-ics 结尾的词作主语时,表示学科时,谓语动 词用单数形式;表示特定事物时,谓语动词用复 数形式。 例如: Statistics is a branch of mathematics.
雅典是希腊的首都。
Good news comes.
好消息来了。
一、谓语动词用单数
8.单个的不定式短语,动名词或名词性从句做主语时,谓 语动词用单数形式。 例如: To see is to believe.
眼见为实。
Reading is important in second language acquisition.
我校有一百多名学生来自南方。
一、谓语动词用单数
5.由each …and each…,every…and every…,many a …and many a …,no…and no…做主语时,谓语动 词用单数形式。 例如: Every boy and every girl was asked to show their identity card.
老年人受到年轻人的尊敬。
The accused is involved in a case.
被告涉嫌了这起案件。
三、谓语动词用单复数均可
5.用and连接的两个名词作主语,表示同一个人或 事物时,谓语动词用单数;表示不同的人或事物 时,谓语动词用复数形式。 例如: The singer and dancer is from Dunhuang.
李明是从那个大学毕业的最聪明的学生。
四、主谓一致的特殊结构
5.主语后带有as well as、along with、together with、 rather than、but、except等引起的介词短语时,谓语动 词的单复数和主语的单复数相一致。 例如: A doctor together with two nurses , has been sent to that poor village to help sick people.

高中主谓一致语法总结

高中主谓一致语法总结

高中主谓一致语法总结高中主谓一致是英语语法中的重要内容,它指的是句子中主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。

正确的主谓一致能增强语言表达的准确性和流畅性,使句子更具逻辑性。

下面将对高中主谓一致的几个方面进行总结,以帮助学习者掌握这一语法规则。

一、基本概念:1. 主谓一致:主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

2. 人称的主谓一致:主语和谓语在人称上保持一致,即第一人称主语用第一人称谓语动词,第二人称主语用第二人称谓语动词,第三人称主语用第三人称谓语动词。

3. 数的主谓一致:主语和谓语在数上保持一致,即单数主语用单数谓语动词,复数主语用复数谓语动词。

二、主语和谓语的一致关系:1. 单数主语和单数谓语:单数主语用单数谓语动词,如:She watches TV every day.2. 复数主语和复数谓语:复数主语用复数谓语动词,如:They play basketball in the park.3. 以and连接的并列主语:并列主语多数情况下用复数谓语动词,但若并列主语表示一个整体或指同一事物,则用单数谓语动词,如:Bread and butter is his favorite breakfast.4. 以or, either...or, neither...nor连接的主语:根据最靠近谓语的主语决定谓语的单复数形式,如:Neither my parents nor Iam going to the party.三、特殊情况:1. 量词和集体名词作主语:量词和集体名词作主语时,根据后面的名词决定谓语的单复数形式,如:A lot of people are attending the concert.2. there be句型:主谓一致遵循后面的主语,如:There is a book on the desk.四、注意事项:1. 混用第一人称和第二人称:在表达中要避免混用第一人称和第二人称,如:He and I likes swimming.(错误)应改为:He and I like swimming.(正确)2. 主语和介词短语的错位:主语和谓语之间不能插入介词短语,如:The book on the desk need to be returned.(错误)应改为:The book on the desk needs to be returned.(正确)3. 主谓一致出现在谓语动词之后:有时主谓一致出现在谓语动词之后,如:The book, as well as the pen, is on the table.通过对高中主谓一致的总结可以看出,主谓一致是英语语法中的重要内容之一。

高中英语主谓一致讲解

高中英语主谓一致讲解
作主语时, 谓语动词取决于后面名词的数 1>.One third of the students in our class -------------_________ girls. are 2>.Seventy percent of the surface of the ------------------earth _______ with / by water. is covered
2. the rest of; half of; part of;
majority of; percent of; one
third of在句子中加名词作主语的
时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持
一致。
have Half of the students _____finished their
composition.
is
is to blame 4>.He, rather than you, _____________(即谓语动词与后面的中心词一致)
分数 + of ; 百分数 + of + 名词 some of ; part of ; half of ; most of ; the rest of ; ….
2.
1)
Every … and (every)… 2) each …and (each)… 3)no …and (no)…, 4) many a …and (many a)…连接两 个单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。 Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.
is 3. To get the most profits ______ the common aim of businessmen.

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
一、主谓一致的基本概念
●定义:主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语动词在数、时态和形式上保持一致。

●功能:确保句子语法正确,意义清晰。

●主谓关系:主语与谓语之间存在逻辑关系,这种关系决定了谓语的形式。

二、主谓一致的主要规则
1.单数主语与谓语的一致
⏹第三人称单数主语使用单数形式的谓语动词。

⏹不可数名词作为主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式。

⏹特殊情况的处理:如“either...or...”结构中,根据就近原则确定谓语的形式。

1.复数主语与谓语的一致
⏹复数主语使用复数形式的谓语动词。

⏹集合名词作为主语时,需要根据具体情况确定谓语的形式。

⏹特殊情况的处理:如“there be”结构中的主谓一致。

1.并列结构中的主谓一致
⏹并列结构中的主语和谓语动词需要保持形式上的平行。

⏹当并列结构中包含不同性质的成分时,需要根据语境和逻辑关系选择适当的谓语形式。

1.从句、不定式、动名词等作为主语时的主谓一致
⏹从句作为主语时,需要根据从句中的谓语动词选择适当的主语形式。

⏹不定式、动名词等非限定性结构作为主语时,谓语动词的形式选择需考虑语境和逻辑关系。

三、实践与练习
●练习题:提供一些练习题,帮助学生更好地理解和掌握主谓一致的规则。

●答案解析:对练习题进行详细的答案解析,帮助学生理解自己的错误,并给出正确的用法建议。

四、总结
对本次讲解的内容进行总结,强调主谓一致在英语语法中的重要性,并提醒学生注意常见的主谓一致错误。

高中英语主谓一致讲解

高中英语主谓一致讲解

主谓一致:一.语法一致原则:指主语和谓语在语法形式上必须一致,也就是谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。

1.不可数名词或者可数名词单数作主语,谓语用单数。

可数名词复数作主语,谓语动词用复数。

2.不定代词someone , anyone , everyone , no one ……等作主语,谓语动词用单数.3.当each , either , neither 作主语,或者主语由each, either , neither , every , 修饰时,谓语动词用单数.4.单个的动词不定式,动词ing 主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数.5.由as well as , along with , with , together with , rather than except , besides , in addition to , like , including ,but ……等连接两部分名词或者代词作主语时,谓语动词与这些词前面的主语保持一致。

For example :The teacher as well as the students likes the painting .Tom , along with his friends , goes skating every Saturday .6.many a / more than one + 可数名词单数作主语时,谓语用单数.more + 复数名词+ than one 作主语时,谓语用复数。

Many a / more than one person is against the proposal .7.One of + 可名复后跟定语从句时,从句中的谓语动词通常用单数, the only one of + 可名复后接定语从句时,从句中的谓语动词用复数.He is one of the students who have been to Shanghai .He is the only one of the students who has been to Shanghai .二.意义一致原则指根据意义来判断主谓一致。

高中主谓一致用法总结必须掌握

高中主谓一致用法总结必须掌握
主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, in addition to, except, but等引导的短语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复 数形式决定。
存在句和倒装句中主谓一致问题
存在句中的there作引导词,没有实际意义,真正的主语是后面 的名词,谓语动词的单复数形式要根据后面名词的单复数来确 定。
• 练习题3:are。集体名词作主语时,如果表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数;如 果表示成员则用复数。此题中the police表示成员,所以用复数are。
• 练习题4:am。either…or…连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持 一致。此题中最近的主语是I,所以用am。
• 练习题5:knows。neither…nor…连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与最近的主 语保持一致。此题中最近的主语是the teacher,所以用knows。
就近原则的运用需要注 意以下几点
当并列主语由and连接 当并列主语由
时,谓语一般用复数形 or/nor/either...or/neit
式,如:Tom and
her...nor等连接时,谓
Jerry are good friends. 语通常与最靠近它的主
语部分保持一致,如:
Either you or he is
在虚拟语气的从句中,有时会出现省略主语的情况,此 时谓语动词的单复数形式要根据上下文来判断。如果省 略的主语是单数第三人称,谓语动词用单数形式;如果 省略的主语是复数或第一人称,谓语动词用复数形式。
04 实战演练:高考真题解 析与模拟题训练
高考真题回顾与解析
(2019全国卷I)真题示例:What they had in mind was a complete victory in the upcoming election, _______ seemed somewhat optimistic.

高中英语语法梳理-主谓一致

高中英语语法梳理-主谓一致

主谓一致一、语法形式上的一致。

主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。

例如:Jane and Mary look healthy and strong.The number of mistakes was surprising.解释:主语是the number,谓语是was对于数字而言,它是单数,所以用了was;反思:the number of通常跟a number of来对比,a number of是大量的的意思;后面通常是可数名词的复数,所以谓语也跟着用复数形式,比如a number of people are rushing to the toilet.二、意义上一致1.主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。

例如:The crowd were running for their lives.单数形式表示复数意义的词有people,police,cattle,militia等。

2.主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。

例如:The news was very exciting.形复意单的单词有news,works(工厂)和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics,mathematics等。

三、就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

如用连词or,either…or,neither...nor,not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。

例如:Either your students or Mr.Wang knows this.四、应注意的几个问题。

1.名词作主语1)某些集体名词(如family,team等)作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式;如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:The whole family are watching TV.His family is going to have a long journey.这类名词有:audience,class,club,committee,company,crew,crowd,enemy,government,group,party,public,team,etc.名词population一词的使用情况跟上述类似。

高中英语语法 主谓一致

高中英语语法 主谓一致

主谓一致主谓一致,指主语与谓语之间在数与人称上保持一致。

其中,最重要的是数的一致,即主语的单/复数决定谓语的单/复数。

如:I bought three watches yesterday. -(e)s)He watches TV every day. (watch是动词,单数时加-(e)s)主谓一致有三大原则:1. 语法一致:主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式。

例如:The number of errors was surprising. 错误之多是惊人的。

We love our motherland. 我们热爱我们的祖国。

2. 意义一致:谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定,而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。

主语形式虽为单数,但在意义上却为复数,谓语动词应采取复数形式;主语形式虽为复数,但在意义上视为单数,谓语动词应采取单数形式。

例如:The crowd were fighting for their lives. 这些人正为生存而战斗。

Three years in a strange land seems like a long time. 在异乡生活的三年仿佛是很长的时间。

3. 就近一致:谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式,来决定其自身的数的形式。

例如:Not only his children but also he wants to go there.Either my wife or I am going to work there.使用主谓一致原则,首先得找到句子的主语。

谓语左边紧挨着的词或短语,并非就是主语。

常见有三种情况妨碍我们找到主语:1. 定语或状语(如介词短语)的干扰。

主语后常跟的定语或状语有:①表示增加的:with, along with, together with;as well as, as much as;in addition to, accompanied by, besides, plus等。

高中英语知识点归纳主谓一致和主谓语序的语法规则

高中英语知识点归纳主谓一致和主谓语序的语法规则

高中英语知识点归纳主谓一致和主谓语序的语法规则一、主谓一致的语法规则主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致。

以下是主谓一致的几个常见规则:1. 单数主语和单数谓语动词一致:例如,“The dog barks”(这条狗叫)。

2. 复数主语和复数谓语动词一致:例如,“The dogs bark”(这些狗叫)。

3. 不可数名词的主语和单数谓语动词一致:例如,“The water is cold”(水很冷)。

4. 有些特殊的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

这包括家庭成员名词“family”、“team”、“audience”等:例如,“My family is going on vacation”(我的家人要去度假)。

5. 当主语包括不同人称时,使用谓语动词的第一人称的复数形式:例如,“Tom and I are going to the movies”(汤姆和我要去看电影)。

6. 当主语为某个整体时,谓语动词与之保持一致:例如,“The crew is preparing for takeoff”(机组人员正在准备起飞)。

7. 当主语中包括“each”、“every”、“either”、“neither”、“everyone”、“nobody”等词时,谓语动词用单数形式:例如,“Every student has to submit their homework”(每个学生都必须提交他们的作业)。

二、主谓语序的语法规则主谓语序指的是主语和谓语动词的顺序要保持一致。

以下是主谓语序的几个常见规则:1. 在陈述句中,主语通常位于谓语动词之前:例如,“She is a teacher”(她是一名老师)。

2. 在疑问句中,将谓语动词放在主语之前:例如,“Are you hungry?”(你饿了吗?)。

3. 在祈使句中,主语通常省略,谓语动词单独出现:例如,“Sit down”(坐下)。

4. 在条件句中,主语通常位于谓语动词之前:例如,“If it rains, we will stay indoors”(如果下雨,我们就呆在室内)。

高中主谓一致语法总结

高中主谓一致语法总结

高中主谓一致语法总结在中学阶段,语法是学习英语的重要一环。

而主谓一致是语法中一个基本的概念,它关乎句子的结构和正确表达。

本文将从主谓一致的基本概念、规则和常见错误三个方面进行总结。

一、主谓一致的基本概念主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数方面保持一致。

也就是说,当主语是单数时,谓语要用单数形式;当主语是复数时,谓语要用复数形式。

例如:- 单数主语:The cat eats fish.(猫吃鱼)- 复数主语:The cats eat fish.(猫们吃鱼)二、主谓一致的规则1. 单数主语:单数主语通常由单数名词、不可数名词、不可数名词的量词和表示不可具体化的抽象名词构成。

例如:- 单数名词:A book is on the table.(一本书在桌子上)- 不可数名词:Milk is good for your health.(牛奶对健康有好处)- 量词+不可数名词:A cup of tea is enough.(一杯茶足够了)- 抽象名词:Happiness is a choice.(幸福是一种选择)2. 复数主语:复数主语通常由复数名词、表示人物的名词和以及由the, some, many, a few等修饰的不可数名词构成。

例如:- 复数名词:The boys are playing football.(男孩们在踢足球)- 表示人物的名词:My friends are visiting me.(我的朋友们在来看我)- the, some, many, a few等修饰的不可数名词:The watermelons are delicious.(这些西瓜很好吃)3. 以and连接的主语:当主语由两个以上的单数名词或不可数名词并列而成时,谓语动词多数情况下用复数形式。

例如:- Peter and Alice like swimming.(彼得和爱丽丝喜欢游泳)- Bread and butter are my breakfast.(面包和黄油是我的早餐)三、主谓一致的常见错误1. 当主语是一个以及another, every, each等修饰的名词时,谓语动词应该用单数形式,而不是复数形式。

高中语法主谓一致详细讲解

高中语法主谓一致详细讲解

高中语法主谓一致详细讲解主谓一致的讲解在英语语法中,主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

如果主语是单数,谓语动词也必须是单数形式;如果主语是复数,谓语动词也必须是复数形式。

下面我们来讲一下并列结构作主语时的主谓一致。

1.由and连接主语时当and连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时,根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数。

1) 并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时,谓语动词用复数。

例如:Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students。

(XXX和XXX是好学生。

)Like many others。

the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold。

(像许多人一样,小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子。

)Both XXX in this area。

(这个地区种植着水稻和小麦。

)2) 并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:XXX(那位教授兼作家正在会上发言。

)A XXX(一位新闻记者兼作家住在六楼。

)His XXX was with him on his trip to Europe。

(他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行。

)XXX XXX was present at the state XXX(总理兼外长出席了国宴。

)比较:XXX(作家和教育家曾来过我们学校。

)XXX(作家兼教育家曾来过我们学校。

)His lawyer and his XXX were with him on his trip to Europe。

(他的律师和他的大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行。

)注意:指同一个人或物时,并列主语前只用一个冠词。

指不同的需要分别加冠词,但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可。

例如:A XXX(一个男孩和一个女孩在打网球。

高三复习主谓一致

高三复习主谓一致

主谓一致一、语法一致原则主语是单数形式,谓语用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。

1.当主语后跟有[增加with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, plus, in addition to, accompanied by], [减去except, but], [补充说明like, such as, for example, for instance, among, including, rather than, no less than, more than]等介词时,谓语根据前面的主语变化,即就远原则。

2.一个从句做主语,谓语用单数;多个从句做主语,谓语用复数。

由what引导的主语从句,谓语动词一般用单数形式,若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式,则谓语动词用复数。

3.一个动名词或(疑问词+)不定式做主语,谓语用单数;多个动名词或动词不定式做主语(指不同的事物时),谓语用复数。

4. 用and和both…and…连接两个名词或代词做主语时,一般情况下谓语动词用复数形式;5.在强调句型中,it后面的be动词只能用is或was(根据原句时态);who 或that 后的谓语在人称和数上应与前面被强调的名词或代词保持一致,即和原句保持一致。

6. 由[a kind of ,this/that kind of, many kinds of+名词]做主语时,谓语和kind保持一致;[名词+of this/that kind]做主语时,谓语和名词保持一致。

因为of短语通常做定语。

类似的词还有:type, sort, form, part, piece, pair, series等。

7.each, all, both用作同位语时,谓语仍和主语保持一致。

8.[数词+名词1+of+名词2](如three cups of tea)做主语,谓语单复数由第一个名词决定。

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

高中英语:主谓一致知识总结归纳一、概念:主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。

这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则。

二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。

(一)、语法一致:主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。

. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other.不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数;可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。

1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语:①The worker and writer ______(be) from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家,②The worker and the writer ______ (be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家③The secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were(1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:①My brother and I have both seen that film.②Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.③The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.(2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式,这时and 后面的名词前没有冠词。

例:①The statesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.②War and peace is a constant theme in history..③One more knife and fork is needed.④Bread and butter is our daily food.⑤Law and order has been established.(3)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

高中英语语法主谓一致详细讲解

高中英语语法主谓一致详细讲解

高中英语语法主谓一致详细讲解一、谓语动词与主语保持一致的原则(一)语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式,二者在语法形式上要一致。

例如:1.My brother is a college student. 我的弟弟是大学生。

2.My brothers are government officials. 我的弟弟们是政府官员。

(二)意义上的一致3.主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词要用复数。

例如:The paper is made from the wood. 纸张是木材制成的。

(这里的paper 指的不是一张纸,而是纸张的总称)4.主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词要用单数。

例如:The news in the newspaper was true. 报纸上的消息是真的。

(这里的news 意为“消息”,而不是“消息”的复数)二、就近原则也即谓语动词的人称和数与最靠近它的主语保持一致。

例如:1.Here comes the bus! 公共汽车来了!(= The bus is coming!)2.either you or she is to go. 不是你就是她走。

(注意she前面的逗号)三、惯用法上的主谓一致1.在there be句型中,动词be的形式与其后的名词保持一致。

例如:There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。

2. 有些词如“half of”,“most of ”,“none of ”,“the rest of ”,“a lot of ”,“plenty of ”等后接名词时,谓语动词的形式依这些词所表示的数的概念而定。

例如:Half of the students are from the south. 学生们中有一半是南方人。

(若接复数概念,则用复数形式)。

高中语法----主谓一致

高中语法----主谓一致

高中语法----主谓一致的概述英语中,谓语动词必须和主语的人称和数一致,这就叫主谓一致。

主谓一致有三个基本原则:语法形式上一致,语言内容上一致(意义一致),谓语动词和紧挨着位于其前的主语一致(即就近一致)。

下面从几个方面对主谓一致实行归纳。

一、如果主语是单数、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。

复数主语则用复数动词。

如:1.He likes bananas.2.To be a scientist is my dream.3.Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.4.Persuading him to join us seems really hard.5.That tom has gone abroad makes us all surprised.6.News comes that his father is going to our school.二、由and构成的词1.主语由and或both…and 连接,谓语动词用复数。

但如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人,同一个事物或同一个概念,谓语用单数。

如:a cart and horse(一套马车) a knife and fork(一副刀叉)black and white(黑白花色的) coffee and milk(牛奶咖啡)early to bed and early to rise(早起早睡) going to bed early and getting up early(早起早睡) ham and egg(鸡蛋汉堡)how and why(怎样为什么)ink and pen(笔墨) iron and steel(钢铁)law and order(法治/治安)the bread and butter(奶油面包)the hammer and sickle(锤子和镰刀图案) the needle and thread(针线)the singer and dancer(这位歌唱家兼舞蹈家) time and tide(岁月)truth and honesty(真诚) to try and fail(试过而失败)salt and water(盐水) war and peace(战争与和平)when and where(何时何地)等作主语时,谓语用单数。

高中语法中的主谓一致与主谓不一致

高中语法中的主谓一致与主谓不一致

高中语法中的主谓一致与主谓不一致在英语语法中,主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词的形式应该保持一致,而主谓不一致则是指主语和谓语动词的形式不一致。

正确使用主谓一致是写作中的一个关键要素,它能够帮助我们准确地表达自己的意思,避免句子混乱和歧义。

本文将详细讨论高中语法中的主谓一致与主谓不一致的规则和常见错误,并提供一些实例帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些规则。

一、主谓一致的规则1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词一致当主语是单数时,谓语动词应使用单数形式。

例如:- The cat runs in the garden.(这只猫在花园里跑。

)- She plays tennis every week.(她每周打网球。

)2. 复数主语与复数谓语动词一致当主语是复数时,谓语动词应使用复数形式。

例如:- The cats run in the garden.(这些猫在花园里跑。

)- They play tennis every week.(他们每周打网球。

)3. 不可数名词与单数谓语动词一致不可数名词作为主语时,谓语动词应使用单数形式。

例如:- Happiness is important in life.(幸福对于生活来说很重要。

)- Water is essential for survival.(水对于生存是必不可少的。

)4. 以复数形式出现的名词作为单数主语时,谓语动词仍然使用单数形式以复数形式出现的名词(如news、physics、mathematics等)作为主语时,谓语动词的形式仍然使用单数。

例如:- The news is shocking.(这则新闻令人震惊。

)- Physics is my favorite subject.(物理是我最喜欢的科目。

)5. 以there开头的句子,谓语动词的单复数应与跟在其后的主语一致以there开头的句子,谓语动词的单复数形式应与跟在其后的主语一致。

例如:- There is a cat in the garden.(花园里有一只猫。

高中英语语法全解-主谓一致

高中英语语法全解-主谓一致

第十六章主谓一致主谓一致(concord),是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。

英语中动词be的变化形式最多,如I am,You are,He is,We are等。

主语I一定要用am 的动词形式,这就叫“主谓一致”。

一、主谓一致的三个原则主谓一致涉及三个基本原则,即语法一致原则(principle of grammatical concord)、意义一致原则(principle of notional concord)和就近原则(principle of proximity)。

A.语法一致语法一致是指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系,主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓语动词用复数形式。

My child has no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子不想与我一起度假。

My children have no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子们不想与我一起度假。

B.意义一致意义一致是说谓语动词的单、复数要取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面上的语法标记。

1. 主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。

The only people who are interested in the book seem to be lawyers. 唯一对这本书感兴趣的人好像是律师。

The majority of primary school teachers are women. 大多数小学老师都是女的。

2. 主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。

No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。

Billiards is becoming more and more popular in some cities. 桌球在一些城市里越来越受欢迎。

C.就近原则就近原则是指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时,谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。

高中语法之主谓一致

高中语法之主谓一致

一. 概念:主谓一致是指:(1) 语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

(2) 意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

(3) 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。

例如: There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如: Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.二. 相关知识点精讲1. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数例如:Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。

注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

例如:The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。

典型例题:The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案: B注:先从时态上考虑。

这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A,C。

本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。

后面的职务用and 相连。

这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。

2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则(1) 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。

例如:There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。

高中主谓一致语法总结

高中主谓一致语法总结

高中主谓一致语法总结主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

在英语语法中,主谓一致是非常重要的一部分,因为它直接关系到句子的表达是否准确和流畅。

在高中英语学习中,主谓一致也是一个重点和难点。

下面我们就来总结一下高中主谓一致的相关知识。

一、基本原则。

1. 单数主语与谓语动词要用单数形式。

2. 复数主语与谓语动词要用复数形式。

3. 主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

4. 主语是第三人称复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式。

二、主谓一致的特殊情况。

1. 连接词“and”连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。

例如,Tom and Jerry are good friends.2. 当主语是“either…or…”, “neither…nor…”时,谓语动词要与最靠近它的名词保持一致。

例如,Neither the teacher nor the students are satisfied with the result.3. 当主语是“not only…but also…”时,谓语动词要与最靠近它的名词保持一致。

例如,Not only the teacher but also the students are interested in the new project.4. 当主语是“one of + 复数名词”时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

例如,One of the students is going to give a speech at the conference.三、注意事项。

1. 当主语是以“each, every, either, neither, none, no”等词开头的复合主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

例如,Each of the students has his own plan for the future.2. 当主语是以“many a, more than one, a lot of, the number of”等短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

主谓一致主语和谓语一致主要遵循以下三个原则:语法一致原则、语意一致、就近原则。

1 语法一致原则:主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词须用负数形式。

如:We have soup,fish and buns for our lunch. 我们中餐有汤,鱼和面包。

2 语意一致原则:谓语动词的单复数根据主语表达的意义来决定。

单数形式的主语,其谓语有可能是复数动词形式;复数形式的主语,其谓语有可能是单数动词形式。

如:The audience were dressed in a variety of ways. 观众们的衣着各式各样。

3 就近原则:谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近它的名词或代词。

如:Not only the clerks but also their boss has participated in the game.不仅是员工而且老板也参加了这个游戏。

一谓语动词用单数的情况1 如果两个由and连接的单数名词是指同一人或物的话,谓语动词用单数形式。

如:The singer and dancer is giving a performance tonight. 这位歌手兼舞者于今晚演出。

【注】and后面的名词前如有冠词,谓语动词用复数形式,如:The doctor and the chief engineer are experienced persons. 主任和总工程师都是有经验的人。

2 两个或两个以上由and连接的单数名词,但前面有each,every,no,many a修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式。

如:Every boy and girl has the right to education. 所有的男孩女孩都有受教育的权利。

Many a student and teacher is having practice in this factory. 许多学生和老师正在该厂实习。

3 单数主语后带有由as well as,rather than,more than,as much as,no less than,together with,along with’,in company with,accompanied by,including that,like,with,but,except等连接的短语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

如:Asia as well as other continents has very rich natural resources and enormous potential for economic development.亚洲同其他各大洲一样,有着丰富的自然资源和巨大的经济发展潜力。

China in company with other peace-loving countries has consistently stood for the complete prohibition of the use of nuclear weapons.中国同其他热爱和平的国家一道,一贯支持完全禁止核武器。

4 当主语是不定式,动名词短语或从句时,谓语动词用单数形式。

如:To protect the fruits of our victory is our sacred duty.保卫胜利的果实是我们的圣神职责。

Explaining the complicated situation to these kids is no easy matter.对这些孩子解释这一复杂的局势可不是件容易的事。

5 主语是抽象名词和不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。

如:His luggage was left unattended at the situation and got lost.他的行李在车站无人看管,因而丢失了。

There was too much rain last winter. 去年冬天下雨太多。

6 当主语是a portion of,a series of,a\this kind of,one and a half,more than one等+名词构成时,谓语动词用单数形式。

如:A substantial portion of the reports is missing. 相当大的一部分报告不见了。

This kind of men is dangerous. 这种人很危险。

7 表示时间、距离、钱额以及重量、长度等单位的名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式,但也可用复数形式。

如:Ten minutes was given to prepare the answer. 有十分钟来准备答案。

Two hours is enough to finish the assignment. 完成这一任务两个小时足够了。

二谓语动词用复数的情况1 用and连接的并列主语,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:Robert and I are close friends. 我和罗伯是好朋友。

Mary and Lilly compete against each other for the scholarship.玛丽和莉莉为了获得奖学金而相互竞争。

2 当主语是复数名词如people,police,crew,militia,cattle,pourltry等时,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:The cattle were from Holland. 这些牛来自荷兰。

The police are on the track of the criminal. 警察在追捕罪犯。

三谓语动词既可用单数形式、也可用复数形式的情况1 主语是集体名词时,如果将这个集体名词看成是一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调这个集体中的单个成员或成分时,谓语动词则用复数形式。

常用的集体名词包括:audience,committee,family,team,public,crowd,government,army,faculty,jury,board,couple,crew, company,firm,class,group,band,club,staff等。

A.Class One moves for a second visit to the Great Wall. 一班提议再次参观长城。

B.Class One are all out on the playground to cheer for the athletes.一班的同学全都在操场上为运动员加油。

2 表示数量的名词如all,most,some,a lot,none,half,part,the rest,majority,the last,more than one等作主语时,要根据其在句子中所指代的名词来决定谓语是用单数形式还是复数形式,即:如果它们所指代的是一个整体名词或是不可数名词,动词用单数形式;如果所指代的是复数名词,动词则用复数形式。

如:A.Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面的四分之三是海洋。

B.Three fourths of the students here are from the South. 这儿的学生有四分之三来自南方。

3 none作主语时,谓语可用单数形式,也可用复数形式。

如:None has/have been found yet. 一个都没找到。

4 There be+并列主语,Here be+并列主语,以及某些倒装句中,谓语动词可用单数形式,也可用复数形式。

如:There is/are a pen and a book on the desk. 书桌上有一支笔和一本书。

【注】并列主语中的第一个主语是复数时,谓语用复数形式。

如:There are some books and a notebook on the desk. 书桌上有一些书和一个笔记本。

5 主语是politics,mathematics,physics,economics,electronics,linguistics,mechanics,optics,acoustics(声学),statistics,statics(静力学),ethics(伦理学)等表示学科的名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。

如:plastics 原料(单数)politics 政治学科(单数)mathematics 数学学科(单数)制品(复数)政见(复数)数学成绩(复数)6 有些名词只有复数形式,如means,athletics,works(工厂)等。

当说话者心中所指为单数时,谓语动词用单数形式,所指为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:The glass works was set up in 1970. 这个玻璃厂建于1970年。

All available means have been adopted to bring through the badly-burnt person.采取了一切可能的措施来拯救这位严重烧伤的病人。

7 两个作主语的名词或代词由either……or,neither……nor,notonly……but also……连接时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。

如:Not only the desks and chairs but also the school building was damaged in the flood.不仅是课桌椅而且教学楼都遭到洪水的破坏。

练习题1 The following another problem.A.areB.isC.wereD.has2 The pair of trousers bought in Harlod’s last year.A.wasB.have beenC.had beenD.were3.All but one in the meeting room just now.A.wasB.isC.has beenD.were4 The rest of the nover very dull.A.areB.wereC.seemD.is5 I don’t think five hundred dollars enough for a trip to San Francisco.A.should beB.areC.isD.has6 Every means tried to save the soldier’s life.A.have beenB.has beenC.areD.is7 Some person waiting for you in front of the public garden.A.is beingB.isC.areD.are going to be8 Plenty of food already to the country which has just undergone the war.A.have,shippedB.have,been shippedC.has,been shippedD.has,shipped9 Everyone,men and women,old and young, about the news that Shanghai has won the bid to hold the 2010 World Expo.A.is excitedB.are excitedC.is excitingD.are exciting10 My mother,together with some of her colleagues, to the SummerPalance three times.A.will beB.had beenC.has beenD.have been11 No one excepted John and Mike the secret.A.knowB.knowsC.is knowingD.is known12 Harold,perhaps Matin, watching the 22 rd World Cup.A.wereB.areC.seemsD.is13 Bread and butter one of the staples in English-speaking countries.A.isB.areC.wasD.has14 From the room upstairs the beautiful melody.eB.are comingC.have comees15 Next to Harold’s many theatres where we can enjoy the wonderfulplays.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is16 All possible means to prevent the fire from spreading.A.have been tridB.had tiredC.has been triedD.was tried17 The teacher,as well as the students by the moving stories.A.was touchedB.were touchedC.touchedD.has touched18 All that she said from one to another.Soon the whole town knew thesecret.A.was whisperingB.was whisperedC.were whisperedD.were whispering19 The dancer and singer from South Korea and will give a performancein an open near the Bund.eB.areC.returnedD.is20 The children each some chocolates and a book as their Christmaspresents.A.were givenB.was givenC.giveD.are giving21 Many a man in that village the desire for leaving the countryside andmaking a living in big cities.A.haveB.cherishC.keepD.has22 In addition to Alice and Diana,their mother attend our evening partynext Saturday.A.are coming toB.is coming toC.are toD.is likely23 The football team around the captain to listen to his instructions.A.gathersB.are gatheredC.is gatheringD.has gathered24 The poet and writer recently a new book in which hedescribed the beautiful scenery of his hometown.A.have,publishedB.have,been publishedC.has,publishedD.has,been published25 Three hours enough for us to finish the assignment.A.areB.wereC.haveD.is26 At the foot of the mountain two young men,a middle-aged womanand three girls.A.stoodB.standingC.standsD.stand27 More than one student to the Shanghai Museum.A.have beenB.are goingC.has beenD.go28 His family all early risers.A.has beenB.areC.isD.have been29 It Fangfang and Lanlan who cleaned the classroom.A.wereB.areC.isD.was30 There plenty of time for you to work on the project.A.areB.haveC.isD.has31 It Rose and Edmund who got married in St.Paul’s Church last week.A.isB.areC.wasD.were32 Anyone who with us is welcome.A.wants comeB.wants to comeC.want comeD.want to come33 Please see to it that the aged a seat each.A.haveB.hasC.should haveD.to have34 If it were not for fact that you busy,we’d like to invite you to go for aspring outing.A.beB.wereC.beingD.are35 What ,the wall or the roof?A.needs to paintB.needs paintingC.need to paintD.need painting36 I’ve told you that the second and last part of the story most terrifying.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are37 Nobody but Albert and I in the office this afternoon.A.areB.isC.amD.was38 The police every reason to arrest him.A.needsB.haveC.hasD.believe39 We have to go the Grand Theatre in his car because ours fixed.A.wasn’tB.haven’tC.hasn’t beenD.weren’t been40 All but one to see him off at the airport.A.have beenB.has goneC.goD.have gone41 Truth and honesty always the best policy.A.isB.areC.have beenD.become42 Linda and Jean who taught that boy to sing the Christmas song lastnight.A.Were itB.Are itC.Is itD.Was it43 When and where make us a speech been decided yet.A.will our principal,hasn’tB.will our principal,haven’tC.our principle will ,hasn’tD. our principal will,haven’t44 E-mail ,as well mobile phones, an important part in dailycommunication.A.is playingB.are playingC.have playedD.play45 Refrigerators of this kind well.A.is soldB.sellC.are soldD.sells46 A big crowd gathering some way ahead.What do yousuppose ?A.is,is happenedB.are,is happenedC.is,has happenedD.are,hashappened47 More than one retired for five years.A.hasB.haveC.has beenD.have been48 Developing a good attitude towards tests great importance.A.are ofB.is ofC.are atD.is at49 Miss Carol is the only one of the teachers who got the Cambridgecertificates.A.willB.haveC.have beenD.has50 The white and black cat a fat rat along the street.A.is afterB.are afterC.is catchingD.are catching51 –Were all the people in the bus injured in the road acdident?--No, only five passengers who got hurt.A.it wereB.there areC.it wasD.there were52 Large quantities of water needed for irrigation in rural areas.A.isB.areC.hasD.have53 The Smiths to living a simple life now.A.are usedB.is usedC.gets useded54 Wheat used to make flour.A.isB.areC.gotD.gets55 The girl with her poodle along Fifth Avenue.A.are walkingB.has been walkingC.is walkingD.have walked56 Neither the doctor nor the patients for the spread of the disease.A.is blamedB.are blamedC.is to blameD.are to blame57 Most of the machinery in that factory out of date andupgrading.A.was,needB.was,needsC.were,needD.were,needs58 It’s unbelievable that both rice and corn in this mountainous area.A.is grownB.is growingC.growsD.grow59 The United Nations an international organization whose aim is to workfor people all over the world.A.isB.areC.have beenD.has been60 The number of students in our school in the past two years.A.are increasingB.is increasingC.has increasedD.have increased61 The politics by Karl Marks at Beijing University.A.are studiedB.is studiedC.is studyingD.are studying62 The audience the play attentively.A.are listening toB.is listening toC.are listeningD.is hearing63 The league secretary and monitor asked to make a speech in theStudents’Union.A.isB.wasC.areD. were64 Many a student his essays.A.have handedinB.has handedC.has handed inD.have handed65 A film together with some sliders in the canteen this evening.A.are going to be shownB.are to showC.will showD.is going to be shown66 Temperatures in Finland measured according to the Fahrenheitscale,on which 32 degrees the freezing point of water and 212 degrees the boiling point.A.are,areB.is,isC.is,areD.are,is67 the kitchen needs to be cleaned.A.Either the bedrooms ofB.The bedrooms andC.Both the bedroom andD.Neither the bedroom and68 The Grand Theatre they paid a visit in the center of the People’sSquare.A.standsB.to standC.to standsD.stand69 the presents a complete set of stamps of the 2008Olympics from my father.A.In,wereB.Among,wasC.Among,wereD.In,was70 A cinema with two thousand seats to the public since last month.A.is openedB.are openedC.has been openedD.have beenopened71 I,who your good friend,will help you to tide over those difficulties.A.beB.amC.isD.are72 can be done done.A.What,has beenB.What,have beenC.ALL,has beenD.All,have been73 The rescue team the missing boy everywhere.A.is searchingB.are searchingC.is searching forD.are searching for74 Where dirty water,there are mosquitoes.A.isB.there hasC.there isD.there are75 No one but his parents where he is hiding now.A.is knowingB.knowsC.knowD.are knowing76 an adequate supply for us to spend in the winter.A.Two hundred kilos of wheats areB.Two hundred kilos of wheat isC.Two hundreds kilos of wheats areD.Two hundreds kilos of wheatis77 The news of victories spreading all over the town.A.wereB.have beenC.isD.are78 No bird and no beast in this mountain area.A.are seenB.have been seenC.is seeingD.has been seen79 Neither of the folk songs which popular with us beencompiled into this album.A.are,hasB.is,haveC.are,haveD.is,has80 What they are studying now to do with psychology.A.has somethingB.have somethingC.hads omethingD.is something。

相关文档
最新文档