不同调控材料对滨海盐土快速脱盐效果研究

2015 - 12 - 11

国家科技支撑计划项目（2013BAD05B0S);天津市科技计划项目（13ZCZDNC09900;15ZXZYNC00020) 肖辉（1981 -)，男，山东泰安人，副研究员，硕士，主要从事盐碱地区水土资源利用研究。潘洁（1968 -)，女，江苏溧阳人，研究员，主要从事盐碱区水土利用及生态恢复研究。

不同调控材料对滨海盐土快速脱盐效果研究

肖辉\王立艳\程文娟\赵杰1，潘洁\陆文龙2

(1.天津市农业资源与环境研究所，天

津

300192;2.天津市农业科学院，天

津

300192)

摘要：为给滨海盐土快速脱盐改造提供参考依据，以工农业废弃物秸秆、牛粪、脱硫石膏、醋渣为调控材料，研究 不同组合下滨海盐土快速脱盐效果。结果表明，4种组合与对照相比，均可显著降低土壤容重，提高土壤孔隙度，增加 土壤渗透性，其中T 4(牛粪+醋渣）综合效果最好，与对照相比，土壤容重降低37.93%，土壤孔隙度提高12.37个百 分点；各处理〇〜6〇 cm 土层平均含盐量高低顺序为T 1(秸秆+脱硫石膏）>CK (对照）>T 2(牛粪+脱硫石膏）>13

(秸秆+醋渣）>T 4(牛粪+醋渣），T 1、T 2、T 3、T 4与

CK 相比分别降低-123.9% ,2.23% ,30.45% ,39.77% ;各处理

pH 值与CK 相比均显著下降，由高到低的顺序为CK >T 3 >T 4 >T 2 >T 1，T 1、T 2、T 3、T 4与CK 相比分别降低0.71，

0.50,0.35,0.39个单位；各处理土壤00丨'11(：03-含量均明显下降，脱硫石膏处理还能增加土壤50〗-、0?+、1\^2+含 量。综上所述，在改善土壤物理结构、降低土壤盐分方面，牛粪效果明显好于秸秆，醋渣明显好于脱硫石膏；在抑制土 壤脱盐碱化方面，脱硫石膏明显好于醋渣，但脱硫石膏容易增加土体总体含盐量。因此，推荐滨海盐土低成本快速脱 盐方式为“牛粪+醋渣”。

关键词：滨海盐土；快速脱盐；工农业废弃物；土壤理化性质中图分类号：S156.4

文献标识码：A

文章编号= 1000 -7091(2016)03 -0121 -06

d 〇i ：10. 7668/hbnxb. 2016. 03. 018

Effect of Different Regulating Materials on Fast Desalination

of Coastal Saline Soil

XIAO Hui1，WANG Liyan1，CHENG Wenjuan1，ZHAO Jie1，PAN Jie1，LU Wenlong2

(1. Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Science ,Tianjin 300192 , China;

2. Tianjin A c a d e m y of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300192 , China)

Abstract ： Using industrial and agricultural wastes (straw, cow d u n g , g y p s u m , vinegar residue) as the regula­ting materials, the effect of fast desalination of coastal saline soil under different combinations was investigated in or­der to provide a reference for fast transformation of coastal saline. The results showed that the four kinds of combina­tion could significantly reduce soil bulk density, improve soil porosity and increase soil permeability compared with the control, of which the comprehensive effect of T4 ( cow dung + vinegar residue) was the best with soil bulk densi­ty decreased by 37. 93% and soil porosity increased by 12.37 percentage points. The order of average soil salinity content in 0 - 60 c m depth of each treatment was T1 (straw + gypsum) > C K (control) > T2 (cow dung + gypsum) > T3 ( straw + vinegar residue) > T4 (cow dung + vinegar residue) . Compared with CK,soil salinity content decreased by -123.9% (T l ),2.23% (T 2),30.45% (T3) and 39. 77% ( T 4), respectively. The p H of each treatment was significantly decreased with a order of C K > T3 > T4 > T2 > T 1. A n d i t was decreased by 0. 71 ( T1 ) , 0. 50 (T2),0.35 (T3) and 0. 39 (T4) Respectively. Soil C O 3 and H C 03 contents were clearly decreased as well, and the treatment with gypsum could also increased soil S O 4 , C a 2+and M g 2 + content. In summary, in the aspect of im ­proving the physical structure of the soil and reduce soil salinity, cow dung was better than straw, vinegar residue better than gypsum. Whereas,gypsum was better than vinegar residue in terms of inhibiting alkalization during soil desalination. However,gypsum was easy to increase the total salt content of s o i l . Therefore,we recommend that rap-A C T A-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A6RICULTURAE 华北农学报.2016,31(3) : 121-126

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