如皋市2012学年度第一学期高三期中统考试卷.
2011~2012年度如皋市搬经中学第一学期高三调研试题四
2011~2012年度如皋市搬经中学第一学期高三调研试题四化学(选修)111021本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,全卷满分120分。
考试时间100分钟可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Cl-35.5 Na-23 Ca-40 Fe-56 Cu-64 Zn-65第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分共40分)单项选择题(本题有10小题,每小题2分,共20分。
每小题只有一个....选项符合题意)1.化学与生活密切相关,下列有关做法正确的是A.为增加明矾净水效果,可同时加入氢氧化钡溶液B.制作膨化食品时可加入过量的碳酸氢铵作膨松剂C.使用热的Na2CO3溶液可以提高Na2CO3的除油污效果D.凡含有食品添加剂的食物对人体健康均有害,不可食用2.化学科学需要借助化学专业语言来描述,下列有关化学用语正确的是A .甲烷分子的球棍模型:B.NH4I 的电子式:C.F 的结构示意图:D.中子数为20的氯原子:3717Cl3.现有H2SO4、BaCl2、K2CO3、FeSO4和氯水五种溶液,有如图所示的相互关系,图中每条连线两端的物质可以发生化学反应。
下列推断不合理...的是A.X一定为H2SO4B.Y一定为K2CO3C.Z可能是氯水D.M可能为FeSO44.用N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。
下列叙述正确的是A.常温常压下,NO2和N2O4混合气体46g中原子总数为3N AB.电解精炼铜时,每转移1 mol 电子,阳极上溶解的铜原子数为0.5N AC.常温常压下,3.36L氯气与5.6g铁充分反应,转移电子数为0.3N AD.标准状况下,2.24L Cl2与过量稀NaOH溶液反应,转移的电子总数为0.2N A5.下列现象或事实可用同一原理解释的是A.NaOH溶液和SO2气体都能使溴水褪色B.NaOH溶液和FeSO4溶液长期露置于空气中都会变质C.氯气和碘蒸气都能使湿润的淀粉碘化钾试纸变蓝D.常温下,铁片和铝片放入浓硫酸中都无明显现象6.下列装置或操作能达到实验目的的是A.量取8.5mL稀硫酸B.制备F e(O H)2C.防止铁钉生锈D.用酒精萃取水中的溴7.在下列溶液中,各组离子一定能够大量共存的是OFeSO4溶液X YM NZA .加入铁能放出大量H 2的溶液:Na +、ClO -、SO 42-、Al 3+B .室温下,pH =1的溶液中:Na +、Fe 3+、NO 3-、SO 42-C .常温下水电离出的c (H +)=10-10的溶液中:Fe 2+、Mg 2+、NO 3-、Cl -D .含有HCO 3-的溶液中:K +、OH -、NO 3-、Ca 2+8.下图为元素周期表中短周期的一部分,四种元素均为非稀有气体元素。
2024-2025学年江苏省南通市如皋中学高三(上)期初数学试卷(含答案)
2024-2025学年江苏省南通市如皋中学高三(上)期初数学试卷一、单选题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分。
在每小题给出的选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知集合U =R ,集合A ={x|−3<x <1},B ={x|0≤x ≤2},则图中阴影部分表示的集合为( )A. (−3,0)B. (−1,0)C. (0,1)D. (2,3)2.已知圆锥的底面半径为 2,其侧面展开图为一个半圆,则该圆锥的体积为( )A. 63π B. 2 63π C. 4 63π D. 8 63π3.顶点在原点,对称轴是y 轴,并且顶点与焦点的距离等于3的抛物线的标准方程是( )A. x 2=±3yB. y 2=±6xC. x 2=±12yD. x 2=±6y4.方程log 3x =log 6x ⋅log 9x 的实数解有( )A. 0个B. 1个C. 2个D. 3个5.已知直线x−4y +9=0与椭圆x 216+y 2b 2=1(0<b <4)相交于A ,B 两点,椭圆的两个焦点是F 1,F 2,线段AB 的中点为C(−1,2),则△CF 1F 2的面积为( )A. 2 2B. 4 2C. 2 3D. 4 36.已知圆C 的方程为x 2+(y−2)2=a ,则“a >2”是“函数y =|x|的图象与圆C 有四个公共点”的( )A. 充分不必要条件B. 必要不充分条件C. 充要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件7.已知双曲线C :x 2a 2−y 2b 2=1(a >0,b >0)的左、右焦点分别为F 1,F 2,点M 是双曲线C 右支上一点,直线F 1M 交双曲线C 的左支于N 点.若|F 1N|=2,|F 2M|=3,|MN|=4,且△MF 1F 2的外接圆交双曲线C 的一条渐近线于点P(x 0,y 0),则|y 0|的值为( )A. 3B. 3 22C. 3 52D. 38.F 1,F 2分别是椭圆x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1(a >b >0)的左、右焦点,过F 2作直线交椭圆于A ,B 两点,已知AF 1⊥BF 1,∠ABF 1=30°,则椭圆的离心率为( )A. 6− 22 B. 6− 32 C. 6− 2 D. 6− 3二、多选题:本题共3小题,共18分。
数学-如皋市2012~2013学年度第一学期期中调研考试高三数学试卷 (理)
如皋市2012~2013学年度第一学期期中调研考试高三理科数学试卷一、填空题:1.已知,{|10}U R A x x ==-≤<,则 ______U C A =.2.“22x x =+”是“||2x x =+”的__________条件.(填“充分不必要”, “必要不充分”,“充要”,“既不充分也不必要”.)3.函数ln 1xy x=-的定义域为__________. 4.函数sin()yA x ωϕ=+(,,A ωϕ为常数,0,0)A ω>>的图象如图所示,则ω= .5.已知等差数列{}n a 的公差d 不为0,且137,,a a a 成等比数列,则1_____a d=. 6.当函数sin 3cos (02)y x x x π=-≤<取得最大值时,_______x =. 7.已知实数,x y 满足1x y +=,则22x y +的最小值为_____________.8.设,,,P A B C 是球O 表面上的四个点,,,PA PB PC 两两垂直,1,6,PA PB ==3PC =,则球O 的体积为___________.9.已知函数21()21x xm f x --=+是奇函数且2(2)(3)f a a f ->,则a 的取值范围是____. 10.已知1sin()64x π+=,则25sin()sin ()______63x x ππ-+-=. 11.正项等比数列{}n a 中,若1≤2a ≤2,2≤3a ≤3,则5a 的取值范围是 __________.12.在ABC 中,2460AB BC B ︒==∠=,,.设O 是ABC 的内心,若AO pAB =qAC +,则qp 的值为________________.13.已知(),,0,a b c ∈+∞,满足()1,()().abc a b c S a c b c ++==++ 当S 取最小值时,c的最大值为________________.14.已知各项均为正数的两个数列{},{}n n a b 由表下给出:n1 2 3 4 5 n a 1 5 3 12n b162xy定义数列{}n c :10c =,111,(2,3,4,5),nn n n n n n n nb c a n c c a b c a --->⎧==⎨-+≤⎩,并规定数列{},{}n n a b 的“并和”为1255ab S a a a c =++⋅⋅⋅++.若15ab S =,则y 的最小值为____________.二、解答题:15.(本小题满分14分)在锐角三角形ABC 中,,3sin 5A =,1tan()3A B -=-. ⑴ 求tan B 的值.⑵ 若AC AB mBA BC ⋅=⋅, 求m 的值.16.(本小题满分14分)如图,在正三棱柱111ABC A BC -中,点D 在棱BC 上,1AD C D ⊥. ⑴设点M 是棱1BB 的中点,求证:平面1AMC ⊥平面11AAC C ; ⑵设点E 是11BC 的中点,过1AE 作平面α交平面1ADC 于l ,求证:1//A E l .AA1BCB1EMDC117. (本小题满分14分)某种汽车购买时费用为14.4万元,每年应交付保险费,汽油费费用共0.9万元,汽车的维修费为:第一年0.2万元,第二年0.4万元,第三年0.6万元,….依等差数列逐年递增.⑴ 设该车使用n 年的总费用(包括购车费用)为()f n ,试写出()f n 的表达式; ⑵ 求这种汽车使用多少年报废最合算(即该车使用多少年平均费用最少)18. (本小题满分16分)已知函数22()2(2)ln 41f x x ax x x ax =--++.(1)当0a =时,求曲线()y f x =在(,())e f e 处的切线方程(e 是自然对数的底); (2)求函数()f x 的单调区间.19. (本小题满分16分)已知数列{}n a 满足()*1111n n n n a a n n N a a +++-=∈-+,且26a =.(1)设1(2),3(1)nn a b n b n n =≥=-,求数列{}n b 的通项公式;(2)设()*,nn a u n N c n c=∈+为非零常数,若数列{}n u 是等差数列, 记12,2nn n n nu c S c c c ==+++ ,求.n S20.(本小题满分16分)设()(1)xf x e a x =-+.(1) 若0,a >()0f x ≥对一切x R ∈恒成立,求a 的最大值. (2) 设()()x ag x f x e=+,且112212(,),(,)()A x y B x y x x ≠是曲线()y g x =上任意两点. 若对任意的1a ≤-,直线AB 的斜率恒大于常数m ,求m 的取值范围;⑶ 是否存在正整数a ,使得13(21)()1nnnn en an e ++⋅⋅⋅+-<-对一切正整数n 均成立?若存在,求a 的最小值;若不存在,请说明理由.参考答案及评分标准一. 填空题 题号 12 34567答案 (,1)[0,)-∞-⋃+∞ 充要(0,1)2 256π 12题号 891011121314 答案323π (3,)(,1)+∞⋃-∞-191633516m +≤21-3二.解答题15. 解:(1)A ∠ 为锐角,3sin 5A =. 2sin sin 3tan .cos 41sin A A A A A ∴===-13tan()tan 1334tan tan[()]131tan()tan 9134B A A B B A A B A A +-+∴=-+===---⨯--------------7分(2)313tan tan 7949tan tan[()]tan()3131tan tan 3149A B C A B A B A B π++=-+=-+=-=-=--⨯C A C Bm B A B C ⋅=⋅. ∴cos cos CA CB C mBA BC B ⋅⋅=⋅⋅.即cos cos CA C mBA B ⋅=⋅由正弦定理知,sin sin CA BAB C =. 13tan 139.79tan 2373B mC ∴===------------------------------------------14分16. 证明:(1)111ABC A BC - 为正三棱柱. ∴1BB ⊥平面ABC . 又 AD ⊂平面ABC . 1AD BB ∴⊥.又 1AD C D ⊥,11,BB C D ⊂平面11BCC B ,1BB 与1C D 相交.∴AD ⊥平面11BCC B .------------------------------------------------------------4分 (2)连接DE .AD ⊥平面11BCC B ,BC ⊂11BCC B . ∴A D B C ⊥.又 ABC ∆为正三角形. ∴D 为BC 中点. 又 E 是11BC 的中点. ∴1C D C E =. 又 1//CD C E .∴四边形1DEC C 是平形四边形. ∴1//DE CC ,1DE CC =.又 1111//,AA CC AA CC =.∴11//,AA DE AA DE =. ∴四边形1ADEA 是平形四边形. 1//A E AD ∴.又 1A E ⊄平面1ADC ,AD ⊂平面1ADC .∴1//A E 平面1ADC .-------------------------------------------------------------------------8分(3) M 为1BB 的中点时,平面1AMC ⊥平面11AAC C .--------------------------------10分 取AC 的中点F ,1AC 中点G . 连接,,.BF FG MGF 为AC 中点,G 为1AC 中点.∴111//,2FG CC FG CC =.又 111//,2BM CC BM CC =.∴//,.FG BM FG BM =∴四边形BFGM 是平行四边形. ∴//BF GM .1CC ⊥平面平面ABC ,BF ⊂平面ABC . ∴1CC BF ⊥. ∴1CC MG ⊥.又 ABC ∆为正三角形,F 为AC 中点. ∴BF AC ⊥. ∴MG AC ⊥.又 1,AC CC ⊂平面11AAC C ,1AC CC C ⋂=. ∴MG ⊥平面11AAC C . 又 MG ⊂平面1AMC .∴平面1AMC ⊥平面11AAC C .-------------------------------------------------------14分 17. 解:(1)依题意,()14.4(0.20.40.60.2)0.9f n n n =++++⋅⋅⋅++ 0.2(1)14.40.92n n n +=++ 20.114.4()n n n N *=++∈----------------------------7分 (2)设该车的年平均费用为S 万元,则有()f n S n=20.114.4n n n++=14.412 1.441 3.410n n=++≥+= 当且仅当14.4,10n n =即12n =时,等号成立. 故汽车使用12年报废最合算.--------------------------------------------14分18. 解:(1)当0a =时,22()2ln 1f x x x x =-+.'()4ln f x x x =.曲线()y f x =在(,())e f e 处的切线方程为 24310ex y e --+=.-----------------4分 (2)'()4()ln f x x a x =---------------------------------------------------------------------6分①当0a ≤时,单调递增区间为(1,)+∞,()f x 的单调递减区间为(0,1). ------------9分 ②当01a <<时,单调递增区间(0,)a 和(1,)+∞,()f x 的单调递减区间为(,1)a --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12分③当1a =时,单调递增区间(0,)+∞,无单调减区间.--------------------------------13分 ④当1a >时,单调递增区间(0,1)和(,)a +∞,单调减区间为(1,).a --------------16分19. 解:(Ⅰ)132a =, 234313,,,444a a a ∴===⋅⋅⋅ --------------3分()3,123,241,214n n a n k k N n k *⎧=⎪⎪⎪∴==∈⎨⎪⎪=+⎪⎩----------6分(Ⅱ) ⑴()31212t t t S a a a a ++=++⋅⋅⋅++()()34313t t t t a a a a ++-+++⋅⋅⋅++12111111222t a t +⎛⎫=+++⋅⋅⋅++- ⎪⎝⎭ 1212112t a t +⎛⎫=-+- ⎪⎝⎭------------------------------------------------------------------------10分(2))112,2t t a +⎡∈⎣, )1122,22t t a a -⎡∴=∈⎣,)211322,22t t a a --⎡=∈⎣,… ,1211,122t t a a ++⎡⎫=∈⎪⎢⎣⎭.--------12分 1321112t t t a a a +++∴=-=-.------------14分 由题意,1111122t t a a ++=-即12t a =, 故12ta =,min 2M t =+. -------------16分 20. 解:(1)当1x ≤-时,对任意0,a >()0f x >.当1x >-时,由()0f x ≥,得1xe a x ≤+.令()(1)1x e h x x x =>-+,则2'()(1)x e x h x x =+.当(1,0)x ∈-时,'()0h x <;当(0,)x ∈+∞时,'()0h x >. 故max ()(0)1h x h ==.所以1a ≤,a 的最大值为1.--------------------------------------------------------4分(2)设12,x x 是任意两个实数,且12,x x <则2121()()g x g x m x x ->-.故2211()()g x mx g x mx ->.所以函数()()F x g x mx =-在(,)-∞+∞上单调递增.---------------------------7分 所以'()'()0F x g x m =->恒成立.即对任意的1,a ≤-任意的x R ∈,'()m g x <恒成立.又'()xx a h x e a e =--22()2(1)13x x a e a a a a e≥⋅--=-+-=-+-≥ 当且其当0,1x a ==-时两个等号同时成立.故 3.m <-------------------------------------------------------------------------------10分(3)存在,a 的最小值为2. 下面给出证明:由(2)知, 1.xe x ≥+故201(1,3,...,21).2i ni e i n n-<-≤=- 所以22()(1,3,...,21).2i nn i e i n n--≤=--------------------------------------13分 于是2123251222211221113521()()()()2222(1)111n n n nn n n nn n n n ne eeee e e ee e e -------------+++⋅⋅⋅+<+++⋅⋅⋅+-=<=----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16分 注:第(2)问直接写'()m g x <的扣3分.。
江苏省如皋中学2023年~2023学年度第一学期高三化学期初检测
...2023~2023 学年度如皋中学高三化学期初检测试卷总分:100 分考试时间:75 分钟本试卷可能用到的相对原子质量:H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Ca 40选择题:此题包括 14 小题,每题 3 分,共 42 分。
每题有一.个.选项符合题意。
1.有利于实现“碳达峰、碳中和”的是 A .风能发电B .粮食酿酒C .燃煤脱硫D .石油裂化2. 有关反响 2Mg +CO 2点燃2MgO +C 说法不.正.确.的是 A .第一电离能:Mg <C <O B .镁原子的电子排布式:1s 22s 22p 63s 2C .CO 的电子式: ∶O C ∶O2∶ ∶ ∶ ∶∶ ∶D .碳的两种单质石墨和金刚石所属晶体类型不同3. 以下说法正确的选项是A .葡萄糖具有复原性,可用于酿酒B .Fe 2(SO 4)3 易溶于水,可用作净水剂C .SiO 2 硬度大,可用于制光导纤维D .Al(OH)3 能与盐酸反响,可用于治疗胃酸过多4. 四种短周期元素W 、X 、Y 、Z 的原子序数依次增大,W 元素的最外层电子数是其电子层数的二倍;X 的原子半径是短周期主族元素原子中最大的;Y 是地壳中含量最多的金属元素;X 与 Z 形成的离子化合物的水溶液呈中性。
以下表达中,不正确的选项是A .W 的非金属性小于Z 的非金属性B .将X 单质投入到 CuSO 4 溶液中,生成紫红色固体C .工业上用电解熔融Y 的氧化物的方法冶炼金属YD .Z 的气态氢化物的沸点在同主族中最低5.海洋生物参与氮循环过程如下图,以下说法不.正.确.的是A .反响①~⑤中包含 2 个非氧化复原反响B .反响②中有极性键断裂和非极性键生成C .反响③中N 2H 4 作复原剂,可能有氧气参与反响D .反响③和⑤生成等量N 2,反响⑤转移的电子数目较多阅读以下资料,完成 6、7 两题:Cl 、ClO 、SO 都具有杀菌消毒的作用。
2SO +O 催化剂 2SO 是工业上制硫酸中的一步 2 2 222△3反响。
江苏省南通市如皋市2024-2025学年高三上学期9月第一次教学质量检测生物学试卷(含答案)
2024~2025学年高三第一学期学情调研考试(一)生物学(满分:100分 考试时间:75分钟)2024.9一、单项选择题:本部分包括15题,每题2分,共30分。
每题只有一个选项最符合题意。
1. 下列有关脂质的叙述,正确的是( )A. 脂质是所有生物必不可少的组成成分B. 维生素D和脂肪属于固醇类物质C. 磷脂均含有C、H、O、N、P五种元素D. 性激素是内质网上合成的固醇类激素2. 关于细胞结构与生物种类的关系,下列说法正确的是( )A. 有中心体的细胞不一定是动物细胞,其在分裂前期复制并移向细胞两极B. 没有细胞核的细胞不一定是原核细胞,可能是真核细胞基因选择性表达的结果C. 单细胞生物都是原核生物,含有的唯一细胞器是核糖体D. 没有叶绿体的细胞不一定是动物细胞,含有液泡的细胞一定是植物细胞3. 用物质的量浓度为2 mol/L的乙二醇溶液和2 mol/L的蔗糖溶液分别浸泡某种成熟的叶肉细胞,观察其质壁分离现象,得到其原生质体体积的变化情况如图所示。
下列相关分析错误的是( )A. 60 s时,乙二醇溶液中的叶肉细胞吸水能力小于蔗糖溶液中的叶肉细胞B. 120 s时,蔗糖溶液中的叶肉细胞的细胞液浓度小于细胞质基质的浓度C. 180 s时,外界乙二醇溶液浓度小于叶肉细胞细胞液浓度D. 质壁分离完全复原时,外界乙二醇溶液浓度等于叶肉细胞细胞液浓度4. 幽门螺杆菌能够在人体胃部极端酸性的环境中长期存活,原因之一是其体内丰富的脲酶能够催化尿素分解成氨气,中和周围的胃酸。
下列有关幽门螺杆菌的叙述,正确的是( )A. 培养幽门螺杆菌的培养基中应加入抗生素以抑制其他杂菌的生长B. 幽门螺杆菌能在极端酸性的环境中存活,其胞内酶的最适pH约为1.5~2C. 幽门螺杆菌唯一的细胞器为核糖体,细胞中的DNA无游离的磷酸基团D. 生活在人体胃部的幽门螺杆菌主要进行有氧呼吸,该过程不需要线粒体参与5. 生长和衰老,出生和死亡,都是生物界的正常现象,也是细胞的正常现象。
如皋市第一中学高三期中测试
如皋市第一中学高三期中测试化学试卷本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,全卷满分120分。
考试时间100分钟。
可能用到的相对原子量:H:1 O:16 C:12 N:14 Mg:24 Na:23 Cu:64 Cl:35.5第Ⅰ卷(选择题共48分)一、选择题(本题包括8小题,每小题3分,共24分。
每小题只有一个....选项符合题意) 1.《新科学家》网站报道,科学家通过电解Fe2O3-SiO2-CaO的熔融液(1600℃)制得了铁和氧气。
与常规方法比,将该方法用于工业上大规模冶铁,以下优点分析错误的是() A.副产工业用氧B.大幅度降低能耗C.大幅度降低温室气体的排放D.制得更纯的铁2.若不断地升高温度,实现“雪花→水→水蒸气→氧气和氢气”的变化。
在变化的各阶段被破坏的粒子间的相互作用依次是()A.氢键;分子间作用力;非极性键 B.氢键;氢键;极性键C.氢键;极性键;分子间作用力 D.分子间作用力;氢键;非极性键3.分析推理是化学学习方法之一。
下列实验推理中,正确的是()A.金属的冶炼方法与金属的活泼性有很大的关系,所以银和汞可以用热分解的方法冶炼B.某雨水的pH小于5.6,说明雨水中一定溶解了SO2C.糖尿病人应少吃含糖的食品,某八宝粥中注明未加糖,所以糖尿病人可以放心食用D.将镁条和铝片用导线连接再插进稀NaOH溶液,镁条上产生气泡,说明镁比铝活泼4.在淀粉碘化钾溶液中加入少量次氯酸钠溶液,并加入少量的稀硫酸,溶液立即变蓝,在上述溶液中加入足量的亚硫酸钠溶液,蓝色逐渐消失。
下列判断不正确...的是()A.氧化性:ClO –>I2>SO42– B.漂白粉溶液可使淀粉碘化钾试纸变蓝C.向氯水中加入亚硫酸钠溶液,氯水褪色D.次氯酸钠可以与亚硫酸钠共存5.下列为某同学根据中学化学教材中数据所做的判断,其中错误的是()A.根据溶解度数据,判断长时间的煮沸Mg(HCO3)2溶液所得的沉淀是MgCO3还是Mg(OH)2B.根据沸点数据,能否用分馏的方法分离一些液体混合物C.根据反应热数据,判断不同反应的反应速率的大小D.根据相对分子质量数据,判断组成和结构相似的物质的熔点和沸点的高低6.下列有关化学反应速率的说法正确的是()A.用铁片和稀硫酸反应制取氢气时,改用98%的浓硫酸可以加快产生氢气的速率B.100mL2mol/L的盐酸跟锌片反应,加入适量的氯化钠溶液,反应速度不变C.SO2的催化氧化是一个放热的反应,所以升高温度,反应速率减慢D.汽车尾气中的NO和CO 以缓慢反应生成N2和CO2,减小压强反应速率减慢7.室温下,在10mL pH=13的Ba(OH)2溶液中,逐滴滴入某浓度的稀硫酸40 mL,此时溶液中的Ba2+恰好有一半被沉淀,则此时溶液的pH值为()A.9 B.10 C.11 D.128.下列实验操作或对实验事实的描述中正确的说法共有( )①燃着的酒精灯不慎碰翻失火,可立即用湿布盖灭②滴定用的锥形瓶和滴定管都要用所盛溶液润洗③分液时,分液漏斗中下层液体从下口流出,上层液体从上口倒出④配制硫酸溶液时,可先在量筒内加入一定体积的水,再在搅拌下慢慢加入浓硫酸⑤不慎将浓碱溶液沾到皮肤上,要立即用大量水冲洗,然后涂上硼酸溶液⑥用托盘天平称量时,所称药品均可放在纸上,并置于天平的左盘⑦测定溶液的pH时,可用洁净、干燥的玻璃棒蘸取溶液,滴在pH试纸上,再与标准比色卡比较⑧浓硝酸与浓盐酸均易挥发,故均应保存在棕色试剂瓶中,并置于阴凉处⑨配制一定物质的量浓度的溶液,定容时俯视容量瓶的刻度线,会使所配溶液的浓度偏高⑩可以用酸式滴定管量取20.00mL0.1000mol·L-1KMnO4溶液A.4个 B.5个C.6个 D.7个二、选择题(本题包括6小题,每小题4分,共24分。
2024-2025学年江苏省如皋中学高三上学期期初考试政治试题及答案
江苏省如皋中学2024—2025学年度高三年级测试政治试卷命题人:审核人一、单项选择题:共16题,每题3分,共48分。
每题只有一个选项最符合题意。
1.太湖之光超级计算机算力全球第一。
但如何将海量数据安全传输到太湖之光训练,成为我国智能产业创新链的难点。
某大型央企一方面坚持问题导向,快速聚焦创新靶点;另一方面海纳百川,吸纳了众多民营企业共同进行科技攻关,啃下了这块“硬骨头”。
这得益于A.坚持创新发展,推动我国数字经济和实体经济深度融合B.发挥混合所有制经济的优势,着力解决发展的动力问题C.不断推进国有经济布局优化,向前瞻性战略性产业集中D.发挥不同所有制经济的优势,协同推动创新链高质量发展2. 2024年3月25日,国家发改委等三部门组织开展“千乡万村驭风行动”,充分利用农村零散非耕地,推动风电就地就近开发利用。
支持各类投资主体与当地村集体按“村企合作”模式共同开展风电项目开发建设,支持村集体依法通过土地使用权作价入股等方式共享风电项目收益,并提供相应就业岗位。
此举能够A.发挥有为政府作用,培育新型农业经营主体B.推动闲置资源盘活,增加农民的财产性收入C.发展农业适度规模经营,壮大农村集体经济D.深化农村土地制度改革,助力乡村全面振兴3.就业是最基本的民生。
2024年3月5日,国务院总理李强在《政府工作报告》中25次提及就业,强调要突出就业优先导向,加强财税、金融等政策对稳就业的支持,加大促就业专项政策力度。
落实和完善稳岗返还、专项贷款、就业和社保补贴等政策,加强对就业容量大的行业企业支持。
对上述稳就业政策发挥作用路径描述正确的是A.实施积极的财政政策——增加稳岗返还投入——降低企业用工成本B.提高最低工资标准——增加就业群体收入——促进就业环境优化C.降低小微企业贷款门槛——激发社会创业热情——提升劳动者技能D.完善人力资源市场——推进公共就业服务信息化——增加就业岗位4.近年来,某区邀请专家、乡贤、企业家等现场授课指导,充分发挥智囊团作用;制定“一村一策”增收方案,宜工则工、宜商则商、宜农则农;优化土地经营权流转机制,提高土地集约化程度;集体收入用来发放尊老金、助学金、购置安康保险、环境改善,推动了该区发展。
江苏省南通市如皋市2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试地理试题含解析
2023-2024学年度高三年级第一学期教学质量调研(二)地理试题(答案在最后)满分:100分考试时间:75分钟一、单项选择题:在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
请在答题卡上相应的方框内填涂。
(本大题共23小题,每小题2分,共46分)大距是指从地球上看,地内行星和太阳之间的角距离达到最大,当行星在太阳东边时为东大距,在太阳西边时为西大距。
2023年9月22日,地球迎来本年度最后一次水星西大距,黎明时刻朝向东方低空,肉眼可见到明亮的水星。
图示意本次水星西大距时太阳系部分天体相对位置示意图。
完成下面小题。
1.下列能上演大距天象的行星是()A.金星B.火星C.木星D.土星2.水星西大距时,其在轨道上所处的位置是()A.① B.②C.③D.④3.本次水星西大距发生前后一周内,可以示意地球绕日公转角速度变化的是()A. B. C. D.【答案】1.A 2.B 3.A【解析】【1题详解】由材料可知,上演大距天象的行星是地内行星,如金星和水星,A正确;火星、木星和土星都是地外行星,不能上演大距天象,BCD错误。
故选A。
【2题详解】根据材料可知,水星大距是指在地球上看,水星和太阳之间的角距离达到最大,当水星在太阳西边时为西大距。
根据图中地球自转方向可知,水星处在轨道②位置时,水星在太阳的西边,且此时在地球上看,水星和太阳之间的角距离达到最大。
故选B。
【3题详解】地球1月初到达近日点,公转速度最快;7月初到达远日点,公转速度最慢。
9月22日前后,地球逐渐靠近近日点,因此公转速度逐渐变快,A正确。
故选A。
【点睛】水星在太阳东边称东大距、在太阳西边称西大距。
“水星东大距”时,可以在黄昏时分西方地平线上找到水星;“水星西大距”时,水星则在黎明时东方低空出现。
但真正要在“大距”时看到水星,还需要日落或日出时水星尽可能位于太阳的正上方。
孙教授乘飞机从上海前往美国休斯敦(95°W)考察交流,图为本次行程的航班描述,图上所示时间均为当地时间。
2023-2024学年江苏省如皋市高三上学期教学质量调研(一)生物试题
2023-2024学年江苏省如皋市高三上学期教学质量调研(一)生物试题1.蛋白质、核酸、糖类是人体内重要的物质,相关叙述错误..的是()A.糖可通过一系列的反应为核苷酸等的合成提供碳骨架B.tRNA中具有碱基对,一个tRNA中有两个游离的磷酸基团C.温度和酸碱度的改变都会导致DNA和蛋白质的变性D.淀粉、糖原都可以分解为葡萄糖,为细胞提供能量2.下图表示真核细胞的细胞核结构及部分细胞器,下列说法正确的是()A.物质通过①具有选择性,有些物质进出需要消耗能量B.④中的染色质是由DNA和蛋白质两种物质构成的C.⑤是产生蛋白质、转运RNA和核糖体的场所D.伞藻的遗传和分化离不开细胞核的作用3.某些植物细胞吸收蔗糖是利用浓度梯度推动的,过程如下图所示。
下列叙述正确的是()A.图中和蔗糖进入细胞的方式相同B.图中出细胞时,转运蛋白构象不会发生改变C.提高细胞外的pH会使细胞对蔗糖的吸收量增加D.图中消耗ATP的质子泵既是载体,又具有酶的作用4.腺苷是动物体内的一种重要的促进睡眠的物质。
图1为神经元中腺苷合成及转运示意图,图2是dATP的结构简式。
下列说法错误的是()A.该过程中腺苷实际上是一种神经递质,起到传递信息的作用B.腺苷与觉醒神经元细胞膜上的受体结合,使突触后膜电位下降C.dATP水解后脱去磷酸基的物质能参与RNA的合成D.dATP中含有特殊的化学键,可作为直接的能源物质5.下列关于细胞生物学研究中涉及到的相关技术的说法,错误..的是()A.利用荧光标记物与特异性抗体结合,可对细胞的特殊蛋白进行定位B.在研究分泌蛋白的合成和运输过程中,用到了放射性同位素标记法C.蛋白质的分离和分析以及DNA的分离和分析常用电泳技术D.在差速离心过程中,密度越高、质量越小的组分,越容易沉淀6.纸层析法分离叶绿体色素时,迁移率(Rf)可用于各色素的鉴定,迁移率=色素移动距离/溶剂移动距离。
下表是叶绿体中色素层析结果(部分数据)。
江苏省南通市如皋市2024-2025学年高三上学期期初调研测试英语试卷
江苏省南通市如皋市2024-2025学年高三上学期期初调研测试英语试卷一、阅读理解The High School Creator Expo is a melting pot of hands-on activities, interactive demonstrations, and educational workshops that bring the wonders of science and technology to life.Highlights: * Engage with cutting-edge technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and robotics. Explore how these technologies are shaping our world and inspiring new ways of learning, creating, and communicating.* Participate in workshops led by industry experts and educators, where you'll learn how to code, design apps, build circuits, and create your own tech projects. These sessions are designed to spark your creativity and foster a love for problem-solving.* Meet professionals from various fields of technology, including software development engineering, data science, and cybersecurity. They’ll share their experiences, offer advice on career paths, and answer your questions, helping you chart your tech-driven future.* Showcase your skills in coding competitions, robotics challenges, and other tech-themed events. Compete against fellow students, win prizes, and gain valuable experience that can help you stand out in college applications and future job interviews.* Connect with like-minded students, educators, and industry professionals. Make new friends, build your network, and discover potential mentors who can guide you on your tech journey.The High school Creator Expo is not just about learning about technology, its about empowering you to become the innovators, creators, and problem-solvers of tomorrow. Mark your calendars and get ready to be inspired, educated, and entertained at the High School Creator Expo! 1.Who is the Expo intended for?A.University staff.B.Tech enthusiasts.C.Business owners.D.Technology tutors2.How can one benefit from the Expo?A.Promoting their products B.Having job interviews.C.Getting career insights.D.Shaping the world.3.Where is the text probably taken from?A.A school newspaper.B.An academic articleC.A technology lecture.D.A project handbookAt just 5 years old, little Selah noticed that many of her fellow kindergarten classmates were struggling with their ABCs and didn’t know how to read, so she wanted to do something. The determined girl enlisted (争取) the help of her parents and The Empowered Readers Literacy Project was born.After listening to their daughter’s concerns, Khalil and Nicole Thompson researched the issue and found some shocking information about literacy here in America including the fact that 85% of children in the juvenile (少年的) prison system are functionally illiterate. “All these crazy statistics for literacy blew our minds,” says Khalil Thompson. “The statistics said some prisons forecast the number of prison cells they are going to build in the future based on third-grade reading test scores.”Despite the awesome nature of the problem they were facing, the couple was spurred on by Selah’s resolution, “We really, should just give away 20 hundred thousand books,” Nicole remarks, recalling her daughter’s words, The family got to work—starting initiatives such as Project 500 and their Holiday Book Drive.As they began, one of the main issues the family found, contributing to illiteracy, was representation—children are, not as excited about reading when they don’t find themselves reflected in the pages of the book. And after realizing that very few of the characters in the stories she’d read looked like her. Selah then decided to write a book of her own that features a heroine who looks like her and shares her same interests and sense of adventure. In November 2019, Selah’s first book Penelope the Private Princess, was published, and the sequel (续集) just released in December 2020.“There is so mush inspiration behind the fact that this is a child that wrote this story and came up with this” says Khalil. “You can reclaim your story, do your own story, and do all the things that adults at a at your young age and you should really know that you have power in your voice and ideas.”4.Why does Khalil mention the practice of prisons Para.2?A.To prove the accuracy of his statistics.B.To stress the importance of early reading.C.To indicate the consequences of illiteracy.D.To predict the trend of future juvenile crime.5.What can we learn from the third paragraph?A.The words of Selah forced the couple to work.B.The parents were encouraged by their daughter.C.The number of the book needed is too big to reach.D.The awesome nature of the problem surprised the couple.6.What’s the problem Nicole discovered in kid’s books?A.Their plots were uninteresting.B.The illustrations were not lifelike.C.Kids were represented insufficiently.D.The colors applied were unattractive. 7.What’s the main character like in Penelope the Pirate Princess?A.Wealthy and powerful.B.Naughty and troublesome.C.Talented and sensitive.D.Determined and adventurous.High employment, falling inflation (通货膨胀), and economic growth. On the surface, the US economy currently seems to be doing great. But as it turns out, things are not so rosy for the average working American.According to a March 6 survey conducted by the Savings website, 47 percent of parents provide some degree of financial support to their adult children to help deal with the cost of living struggles.Gen Zers (defined in the survey as aged 18 -27) were found to be the most likely generation to get financial help from their parents, receiving on average 1,515 dollars (about 10.950 an) per month. Still, many older parents were found to be supporting their Millennial (aged 28 -43) or Generation X (aged 44 -59) adult children, accounting for 21 percent of parents providing support. The most common expenses cited were groceries, tuition and health insurance, among others, reported The Guardian.But why are so many US adults, both young and old, struggling to “leave the nest”? Onemajor reason is soaring food prices. According to the US Department of Agriculture, food prices are expected to increase by nearly 2.5 percent across the board in 2024.Meanwhile, stable housing remains an elusive dream for many. The average rate for a 30-year, fixed rate mortgage (抵押贷款) was almost 8 percent in October 2023, said the Mortgage a Bankers Association. An extremely expensive mortgage means that many Americans are priced out of affording their own home.The final piece of the puzzle is falling salaries. Previous generations were able to count on graduating from college as the key to landing a job that paid well. But now, young US graduates have found that they earn less than their parents. According to a CNBC analysis, college graduate salaries have decreased more than 10 percent in four decades after adjusting for inflation. In other words, steadily declining salaries make it even harder for young Americans to cope with steadily rising costs.AS Gen Zers in the US struggle under financial pressures, so do the older generations supporting them, as their generosity puts their prospects for retirement at risk. The Savings website discovered that working parents were found to contribute “2.4 times more to support adult children than they contribute to their retirement accounts each month”.Essentially, while the US economy remains afloat, we might witness multiple generations of Americans sinking in their own lifeboats in the years ahead.8.What did the March 6 survey find out about adult children in the US?A.Nearly half of them are financially dependent.B.Over half of Gen Zers are financially struggling.C.Generation X often offer their parents financial aid.D.A majority of them rely on their parents for education.9.What does the underlined word “elusive” in paragraph 5 most probably mean?A.Easy to realize.B.Difficult to achieve.C.Often misunderstood.D.Commonly sought after.10.What can be inferred from the article about people now in the US?A.Government policies favor older generations.B.College education guarantees a well-paid job.C.Salaries for graduates remain stable in four decades.D.Financial pressures affect both the young and the old.11.What is the author’s attitude toward the future prospects of Americans?A.Reserved.B.Optimistic.C.Negative.D.Wait-and-see.The human brain is a powerful natural computer that has evolved over tens of thousands of years. But what would you get if you combined this biological computer with areal one?Researchers at Indiana University Bloomington in the US have linked human brain-like tissues to an electronic chip, which can perform simple computer tasks. Their creation, named Brainoware, is part of a growing field called biological computing that might one day an do better than current computers, according to Nature.The brain-like tissues the researchers used, also, known as brain organoids (类器官) weren’t part of a living person’s brain. They were “grown” from human stem cells, which are capable of producing different types of cells and forming body tissues. It took two months for the stem cells to mature into an organoid.The researchers then placed one organoid onto an electronic chip with thousands of electrodes (电极). Although organoids are much simpler and smaller than an actual brain, they act similarly to human brains, such as responding to electrical signals, which is What our brain does all the time. These responses lead to changes in the brain, which fuel our ability to learn. To test Brainoware, the researchers used it for voice recognition by training it with 240 Japanese recordings spoken by eight speakers. They found that the organoid reacted different toward each voice. With an accuracy of 78 percent, it successfully identified the speakers by showing different neural activities.What’s special about Brainoware is that researchers can take advantage of the organoid’s complexity without understanding its cell networks, according to Daily Mail. In other words, scientists don’t need to know exactly how the organoid works in order to use it.According to the researchers' work published in December, combining organoids and electronic chips could increase the speed and efficiency of AI in the future. Also, such models can be used to study human brains, according to Nature. Using Brainoware to model and study neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer s disease, is one example. It could also be used to test the effects of different treatments for such diseases. “That’s where the promise is: using the to oneday hopefully replace animal models of the brain,” Arti Ahluwalia, a researcher in Taly, told Nature.12.What do we know about the tissues used by the researchers?A.They were artificially constructed.B.They formed a complete human brain.C.They were harvested from dead human bodies.D.They were cultured from specific human cells.13.What success did Brinoware achieve in the voice recognition test?A.Distinguishing the voices between speakers.B.Understanding the content of the recordings.C.Showing preferences for some of the voices.D.Correctly matching all the speakers with their voices.14.What makes Brainoware special, according to Daily Mail?A.Its complexity is easy to learn and understand.B.It opens up new possibilities for studying human brains.C.Its cell networks are the same as those of human brains.D.No in-depth knowledge of organoids is needed to use it.15.What does the last paragraph focus on regarding Brainoware?A.Its underlying problems.B.Its potential applications.C.Its influence on AI technology.D.Its contribution to animal welfare.Does the sound of rain really help you fall asleep?You’ve likely heard that the pitter pattering of raindrops can help people fall asleep. There’s also research that supports the idea that rain sounds are a useful sleep aid. Here’s what to know.16Rain sounds can mask other sharper noises in your environment. Think of a dripping faucet (水龙头) in the other room in utter silence; it could be very annoying. With a masking background of wind in the leaves, a soft rain, or some gentle waves playing on a loop on a speaker, the drip would never be noticed. 17 Rain sounds might literally hit the right frequenciesBy masking background sounds, rain tracks might seem like they’re just ordinary white noise, butthey are not. 18 They are named after colors. Rain sounds are considered pink noise, which is characterized by louder sounds at a low frequency and softer sounds at high frequencies. Some research suggests that pink noise in particular can improve sleep in healthy individuals. But this may not be the case for everyone.Research suggests that nature has a calming effectIn addition to helping people fall asleep, rain sounds can be straight-up relaxing. 19 Evidence points to psychological benefits, including increased cognitive capacity and reduced anxiety and stress. People exposed to nature sounds in a 2017 study had an increased parasympathetic response, meaning that the calming part of their nervous system was activated by these tracks. Should you try rain sounds?Rain or might help some people but here nor for everyone. 20 One person’s gentle rain is another one’s flood worry or need to go to the bathroom. Similarly, gentle rain with distant thunder is calming for some and alarming for others. Will they work for you?There’s only one way to find out! There’s only one way to find out!A.Rain noise hides other sounds.B.Rain noises sometimes disrupt seep.C.So rain sounds can create a calming background noise.D.White noise is an umbrella term for a variety of sounds.E.This may boil down to the fact that they’re a natural sound.F.It’s worth experimenting with the frequency to see if it can work for you.G.Different sounds will bring out different responses depending on the individual.二、完形填空I was 68 when I first stepped onstage as a stand-up comedian in 2003. That first time was21 . I had no idea what the audience would make of me. In New York, comedians are 22 young men. It’s hard enough to 23 as a woman, but even harder as someone 24 enough to be their grandmother.As I stepped onstage that first time, people were clearly surprised to 25 me. I introduced myself, stated my age and tried my first joke. There was 26 . But by the time I got to the third line, people were finally laughing properly. I was hooked.Even today, I’m 27 before I step out. My first 28 is, “Hello, everybody. I’m 88 and three-quarters years old. I’m telling you that 29 I don’t make it all the way through the show.” Then people laugh and I relax.After a show, people young and old come up to me saying what a(n) 30 I am. They say they want to be as active as I am when they reach my 31 . I’m pleased that I can 32 others that, as an older person, you don’t need to take a back seat in life and you have got more to 33 .Last year, I was recognized as the oldest female stand-up comedian in the world. But I have no 34 of stopping my comedy work. I hope to still be performing when I’m 100. My goal is to still be up there making people 35 .21.A.scary B.precious C.familiar D.private 22.A.relatively B.absolutely C.eventually D.typically 23.A.taken in B.put up C.break through D.note down 24.A.lucky B.old C.wise D.careful 25.A.help B.see C.check D.offer 26.A.silence B.bonus C.blessing D.thrill 27.A.excited B.grateful C.nervous D.skillful 28.A.surprise B.strategy C.relief D.line29.A.as if B.in case C.even though D.in that 30.A.inspiration B.recreation C.crisis D.frustration 31.A.peak B.audience C.goal D.age 32.A.suggest B.challenge C.show D.relax 33.A.prove B.publish C.oppose D.please 34.A.mission B.principle C.intention D.burden 35.A.mature B.laugh C.learn D.win三、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
江苏省南通市如皋中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期初考试语文详细答案
语文参考答案1.D 【解析】D项,曲解文意,“亦余心之所善兮,虽九死其犹未悔”是作者在文中对于创新决心和豪情的表达,并非指牺牲精神。
2.B 【解析】B项,偷换概念,“居安思危”的前提是如今的科技发展环境是安定、无危机的,但不代表科技从未给人类社会带来严重的危机或灾难。
3.A 【解析】第⑥段的主要内容为自强不息,强调中国的科技发展要自强自主,解决技术发展的难点、堵点、断点,与国际高水平接轨,避免被国外“卡脖子”。
B 项重点强调创新思维,C 项强调科研投入,D 项强调引进外国技术,都不如 A 项切合段意。
4.①以西方“分”的文化带来的问题入手,引出中国“合”的文化;【对比论证】②通过引用传统经典,阐释中国文化中“合”的特性;【引用论证】③最后强调以“合”的价值指导科技发展的途径和意义。
(答出三点即得满分4分,答出两点得3分,答出一点得1分)5.含义:①“向善”指规范科技发展方向,防范风险,;避免科技发展误入歧途、危害社会;②“向上”指推动科技发展提速;从中获益,借助科技带动社会、文明发展进步。
关系:“向善”才能“向上”,“向善”是基础、保障、底线,“向上”是结果、目的、归宿。
(“含义”4分,每点2分,“关系”2分,共6分。
“关系”简单答作“相辅相成”“缺一不可”扣1分)6.B 【解析】“遗憾终身错”,文章倒数第二段中,父亲说“我的马也会想我”,对父亲来说,马是战友与伙伴,为了保家卫国与捍卫和平,父亲和战马分离,抗美援朝之前的这次离别由此变得更加动人。
7.D 【解析】D项,错在“贯穿全文的线索”。
全文的线索是“我”对父亲的深情怀念。
8. ①家乡和平美好的图景是父亲等革命者的战斗牺牲奉献换来的;作者以此告慰父亲,内心充满对父亲的崇敬之情。
②父亲去世四年了,作者尽量回避与他有关的事件和物件;看到草原上的景象,勾起了作者对父亲深切的怀念。
(每点3分,满分6分)【解析】答案第一条针对的内容是第①段和第②段,分别涉及家乡的美好景物和可爱的人,考生答题时可以分述,也可以整合。
江苏省如皋中学2024-2025学年度高三年级期初测试+地理
江苏省如皋中学2024-2025学年度高三年级测试地理试题一、单选题:共23题,每题2分,共46分。
每题只有一个选项最符合题意。
广东与江苏是我国的经济大省,两省在人口结构方面存在较大差异。
下表为“2020年第七次人口普查广东、江苏两省主要人口指标对比”。
据此完成下面小题。
1.导致广东与江苏老龄化程度差异较大的主要因素是()A.自然条件B.人口基数C.人口流动D.地方政策2.广东省自然增长率与江苏差异明显,主要的原因是()A.医疗卫生条件好B.育龄人口比重大C.二孩政策发布早D.经济发展水平高3.相对于广东,江苏目前急需完善()A.社会养老保障体系B.省内交通网络建设C.环境污染治理法规D.城乡户籍管理制度农村人口老龄化程度高于城市的现象称作老龄化“城乡倒置”。
下图为2000~2020年我国四个省市区65岁以上的城镇和农村人口比例,其中柱状图为城镇,折线代表农村。
完成下面小题。
4.四省市中老龄化“城乡倒置”起步最早、目前最严重的是()A.北京市B.黑龙江省C.福建省D.新疆维吾尔自治区5.出现这种现象的主要诱因是()A.城市化占用土地B.农业实现机械化C.农村的耕地流转D.城乡收入差距大新型城镇化是实现共同富裕的关键。
自2014年新型城镇化成为国家战略以来,中国城镇化持续快速演进。
下图为2001—2018中国4个超大城市(现阶段常住人口大于1000万人)的常住与户籍人口变化,完成下面小题。
6.总体上四个超大城市常住人口数增加最快的时段是()A.2001-2005B.2005-2010C.2010-2014D.2014-20187.下列关于新型城镇化战略实施后的影响叙述正确的是()A.a城户籍人口变化趋势反转B.b城户籍人口数量止步不前C.c城常住人口增速突然放缓D.d城常住人口数量迎来突增8.未来我国超大城市的新型城镇化应致力于()①严控非户籍人口流入①推进流动人口市民化①扩大公共服务覆盖率①提高自然资源开发率A.①①B.①①C.①①D.①①伴随乡村人口迁出,部分地区出现“空心村”。
2025届江苏省如皋市化学高三第一学期期中调研试题含解析
2025届江苏省如皋市化学高三第一学期期中调研试题请考生注意:1.请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上,请用0.5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。
2.答题前,认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》,按规定答题。
一、选择题(共包括22个小题。
每小题均只有一个符合题意的选项)1、下列变化中,不需要破坏化学键的是()A.加热氯化铵B.干冰汽化C.石油裂化D.氯化氢溶于水2、下列有关电解质溶液中微粒的物质的量浓度关系正确的是( )A.在0.1 mol/lNaHCO3溶液中:c(Na+)>c(HCO3-)>c(CO32-)>c(H2CO3)B.在0.1 mol/lNa2CO3溶液中:c(OH-)-c(H+)=c(HCO3-)+c(H2CO3)C.NH4HSO4溶液中滴加NaOH至溶液恰好呈中性:c(Na+)>c(SO42-)>c(NH4+)>c(OH-)=c(H+)D.等pH的①(NH4)2SO4②NH4HSO4③NH4Cl,NH4+浓度由大到小的顺序是③>①>②3、某溶液加入铝可以产生H2,则在该溶液中一定能大量存在的离子组是A.Na+、Fe3+、SCN-、Cl-B.K+、Cl-、Na+、SO42-C.K+、Fe2+、Cl-、NO3-D.Na+、HCO3-、Al3+、Cl-4、下列离子方程式表示正确的是( )A.往FeI2溶液中通入过量氯气:Cl2+2Fe2+===2Cl-+2Fe3+B.将明矾溶于水中生成胶体:Al3++3H2O Al(OH)3(胶体)+3H+C.大理石溶于醋酸中:CaCO3+2H+===Ca2++H2O+CO2↑D.铜与稀硝酸反应:3Cu+4H++2NO3-===3Cu2++2NO↑+2H2O5、高铁酸钠(Na2FeO4)是具有紫色光泽的粉末,是一种高效绿色强氧化剂,碱性条件下稳定,可用于废水和生活用水的处理。
南通市如皋中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期初考试生物试题(含答案)
如皋中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期初考试生物试卷一、单项选择题:本部分包括14题,每题2分,共计28分。
每题只有一个选项最符合题意。
1.种子萌发形成幼苗离不开糖类等能源物质,也离不开水和无机盐。
下列叙述正确的是( )A .种子吸收的水与多糖等物质结合后,水仍具有溶解性B .种子萌发过程中糖类含量逐渐下降,有机物种类不变 C .幼苗细胞中的无机盐可参与细胞构建,水不参与D .幼苗中的水可参与形成 NADPH ,也可参与形成 NADH2.植物液泡中部分离子与蔗糖的转运机制如图所示。
白天光合作用合成的蔗糖可富集在液 泡中,夜间这些蔗糖运到胞质溶胶。
下列叙述错误..的是 ( )A .Na +、Ca 2+进入液泡需要载体蛋白协助不需要消耗能量B .Cl -、NO 3-通过离子通道进入液泡不需要 ATP 直接供能 C .液泡通过主动运输方式维持膜内外的 H +浓度梯度D .白天液泡富集蔗糖有利于光合作用的持续进行3.肿瘤所处环境中的细胞毒性 T 细胞存在题图所示代谢过程。
其中,增加 PC 酶的活性会增加琥珀酸的释放,琥珀酸与受 体结合可增强细胞毒性 T 细胞的杀伤能力,若环境中存在乳 酸,PC 酶的活性会被抑制。
下列叙述正确的是 ( )A .图中三羧酸循环的代谢反应直接需要氧B .图中草酰乙酸和乙酰辅酶 A 均产生于线粒体内膜C .肿瘤细胞无氧呼吸会增强细胞毒性 T 细胞的杀伤能力D .葡萄糖有氧呼吸的所有代谢反应中至少有 5 步会生成[H ] 4.下列有关细胞生命历程的叙述,正确的是 ( )A .抑癌基因甲基化导致基因突变或降低基因表达B .脑部血液循环障碍导致局部神经细胞死亡属于细胞坏死C .肝脏细胞不能合成血红蛋白是因为没有与血红蛋白合成有关的基因D .自由基学说认为自由基通过攻击磷脂直接导致核糖体损伤而使细胞衰老5.玉米叶片的横切结构及相关代谢过程与场所如图所示,从结构与功能统一的角度,分析 下列说法错误的是 ( )A .除叶肉细胞外,维管束鞘细胞中也含有叶绿体B.若抑制PEP 羧化酶活性,光合作用会明显降低C.如果提供14CO2,14C 首先出现在叶肉细胞的C3中 D.玉米的叶片结构,体现对高温干旱环境的适应6.若利用紫色洋葱的鳞片叶、管状叶、根尖进行以下实验:①绿叶中色素的提取和分离、②探究植物细胞的吸水和失水、③观察根尖分生区组织细胞的有丝分裂、④检测生物组织中还原糖。
如皋市2023-2024学年度高三年级第一学期期初调研英语试题-及答案
如皋市2023-2024学年度高三年级第一学期期初调研英语试题第一部分听力 (共两节,20小题,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man want the woman to do?A. Take the pot off.B. Switch to low heat.C. Make the hamburgers.2.What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Father and daughter.C. Brother and sister.3. Why does the woman want to get rid of her rice?A. She thinks it tastes terrible.B. She has too much of that.C. She knows the man likes that.4.How long does it take the woman to charge a small battery?A. One hour.B. Two hours.C. Three hours.5. Where will the speakers be spending their next holiday?A. In a tent.B. In a treehouseC. In a motor home.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
2023—2024学年江苏省南通市如皋市高三上学期教学质量调研(一)数学试卷
2023—2024学年江苏省南通市如皋市高三上学期教学质量调研(一)数学试卷一、单选题1. 已知全集,集合,,则()A.B.C.D.2. 已知,,若,则的最小值为()A.2B.C.4D.3. 在中,点是边上靠近点的三等分点,点是的中点,若,则()A.1B.C.D.-14. “”是“直线:与:平行”的()A.充要条件B.充分不必要条件C.必要不充分条件D.既不充分也不必要条件5. 塑料袋给我们生活带来了方便,但塑料在自然界可停留长达200~400年之久,给环境带来了很大的危害,国家发改委、生态环境部等9部门联合发布《关于扎实推进污染物治理工作的通知》明确指出,2021年1月1日起,禁用不可降解的塑料袋、塑料餐具及一次性塑料吸管等,某品牌塑料袋经自然降解后残留量与时间年之间的关系为,其中为初始量,为光解系数.已知该品牌塑料袋2年后残留量为初始量的.该品牌塑料袋大约需要经过()年,其残留量为初始量的10%.(参考数据:,)A.20B.16C.12D.76. 在平面直角坐标系中,已知双曲线:的右焦点为,过作双曲线的一条渐近线的垂线,垂足为,直线与另一渐近线交于点,若是的中点,则双曲线的离心率为()A.B.2C.D.37. 设等差数列的前项和为,已知,,,其中正整数,则该数列的首项为()A.-5B.0C.3D.58. 已知函数,若对任意,,则实数的取值范围是()A.B.C.D.二、多选题9. 若,为空间中两条不同的直线,,,为空间三个不同的平面,则下列结论正确的是()A.若,,则B.若,,则C.若,,则D.若,,,则10. 已知函数的图象关于直线对称,则()A.B.函数的图象关于点对称C.函数在上单调递增D.将函数的图像向左平移个单位后与原图象关于轴对称,则的最小值为11. 在平面直角坐标系中,已知点是抛物线:的焦点,点是上异于原点的动点,过点且与相切的直线与轴交于点,设抛物线的准线为,,为垂足,则()A.当点的坐标为时,直线的方程为B.设,则的最小值为4C.D.12. 已知,,则()A.B.C.D.三、填空题13. 已知向量,,则 ____________ .14. 已知,则 ____________ .15. 已知直线分别与曲线,相切于点,,则的值为 ____________ .16. 在平面直角坐标系中,已知圆:,过点的动直线与圆交于点,,若的面积最大值为,则的最大值为____________ .四、解答题17. 在正方体中,设,分别为棱,的中点.(1)证明:平面;(2)求二面角的余弦值.18. 在平面直角坐标系中,已知动圆与圆内切,且与直线相切,设动圆圆心的轨迹为曲线.(1)求曲线的方程;(2)过点作两条互相垂直的直线与曲线相交于,两点和,两点,求四边形的面积的最小值.19. 在中,,,所对的边分别为,,,已知.(1)若,求的值;(2)若是锐角三角形,求的取值范围.20. 已知数列的前项积为,且.(1)求证:数列是等差数列;(2)证明:.21. 在平面直角坐标系中,已知椭圆:的左,右焦点分别为,,过点且不与轴重合的直线与椭圆交于,两点(点在点,之间).(1)记直线,的斜率分别为,,求的值;(2)设直线与交于点,求的值.22. 已知函数,其中为实数.(1)若,求实数的最小值;(2)设函数,若函数存在极大值,且极大值小于0,求实数的取值范围.。
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2011-2012学年度第一学期高三期中调研测试物理试卷(满分120分,时间100分钟)一、单选题:本题共6题,每题3分,共18分,每题只有一个选项符合题意.1.下列说法中符合历史事实的是A.伽利略在观察自由落体运动现象的基础上,建立了加速度的概念B.牛顿通过“月-地检验”和思考之后,把天体运动的引力规律外推到万物之间C.卡文迪许通过扭秤实验得出了库仑定律D.汤姆生设计的质谱仪证实了同位素的存在2.在如图所示的位移-时间图象和速度-时间图象中,给出的四条图线甲、乙、丙、丁分别代表四个相同的物体在水平面上,由同一地点向同一方向运动的情况,则下列说法正确的是A.t1时刻甲、乙两物体的动能相等B.0~t1时间内,甲物体通过的路程大于乙物体通过的路程时刻相距最远C.丙、丁两物体再次相遇前在tD.t2时刻丙物体受到的合外力小于丁物体受到的合外力3.如图所示,演员正在进行杂技表演.由图可估算出一只鸡蛋离手后向下运动的过程中,重力对鸡蛋做功的平均功率最接近于A.0.9W B.9W C.1.7W D.17W4.如图所示,光滑的斜面上垂直纸面放置一根直导体棒,在导体棒中的电流垂直纸面向里时,欲使导体棒静止在斜面上,下列外加匀强磁场的方向可能正确的是A.平行斜面向下B.水平向左C.平行斜面向上D.水平向右5.如图所示,完全相同的A、B两物体放在水平面上,与水平面间的动摩擦因数均为μ=0.2,每个物体重G=10N,设物体A、B与水平面间的最大静摩擦力均为F max=2.5N,若对A施加一个向右的由零均匀增大到6N的水平推力F,则A所受到的摩擦力f A随水平推力F变化的图象正确的是A B C D6.假设空间某一静电场的电势φ随x 变化情况如图所示,根据图中信息可以确定下列说法中正确的是 A .空间各点场强的方向均与x 轴垂直 B .电荷沿x 轴从0移到x 1的过程中, 一定不受电场力的作用C .正电荷沿x 轴从x 2移到x 3的过程中,电场力做正功D .负电荷沿x 轴从x 4移到x 5的过程中, 电势能增加 二、多选题:本题共5题,每题4分,共20分,每题有多个选项符合题意.全部选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分,错选或不答的得0分.7.一质点开始时做匀速直线运动,从某时刻起受到一恒力作用,此后该质点A .动能可能保持不变B .位移的大小不大于路程C .在相等时间内速度的变化可能不同D .速度可能先逐渐减小至某一非零的最小值,再逐渐增大 8.2011年9月29日晚,中国成功将无人太空实验舱天宫一号送入低地球轨道,如图所示,9月30日,天宫一号成功实施第2次轨道控制,近地点高度由200km 抬升至约362km ,进入近圆轨道.由于高层大气阻力的影响,预计天宫一号在一个月后的神舟八号发射时,轨道高度自然降至约343km 的交会对接轨道,从而节省燃料.据航天专家介绍,天宫一号和神舟八号对接时天宫一号是被动的,神舟八号是主动的,对接成功后形成组合体继续飞行.下列说法正确的是A .天宫一号在A 点的运行速率大于它在B 点的运行速率B .天宫一号在低地球轨道的运行周期小于它在近圆轨道的运行周期C .天宫一号先后在低地球轨道与近圆轨道运动时,在两轨道切点处受到的向心力相等D .若对接前,神舟八号在低于对接轨道的轨道上运动,加速后可能与天宫一号实现交会对接9.如图所示,带电质点P 1固定在光滑的水平绝缘桌面 上,在桌面上距P 1一定距离有另一带电质点P 2,P 2 在桌面上运动.设某一时刻质点P 2的速度沿垂直于P 1、P 2连线的方向,则A .若P 1、P 2带异种电荷,以后P 2的加速度大小可能不变B .若P 1、P 2带异种电荷,以后P 2不可能做加速度、速度都变小的曲线运动C .若P 1、P 2带同种电荷,以后P 2一定做速度变大的曲线运动D .若P 1、P 2带同种电荷,并同时处在垂直于桌面的匀强磁场中,以后P 2的速度可能不变2P P10.在如图所示的电路中,闭合电键S ,当滑动变阻器的滑动触头P 向上滑动过程中,下列说法正确的是 A .电源的总功率增大 B .电容器的带电量增大 C .U 1示数在变大 D .U 2示数在变小11.如图所示,两质量均为m 的小球,通过长为L的不可伸长轻绳水平相连,从h 高处自由下落,下落过程中绳处于水平伸直状态,若下落时绳中点碰到水平放置的光滑钉子O ,重力加速度为g ,则 A .小球运动至最低点的过程中机械能减少 B .从轻绳与钉子相碰到小球刚达到最低点过程,小球重力的功率先减小后增大 C .小球刚到最低点时的速度大小为g (2h +L )D .小球刚到达最低点时对绳的拉力为(4hL+3)mg三、简答题:本题共2小题,共计20分.请将解答填写在答题卡相应的位置. 12.(10分)“探究加速度与物体质量、物体受力的关系”的实验装置如图甲所示.(1)某同学在平衡小车与桌面之间摩擦力的过程中,打出了一条纸带如图乙所示.计时器打点的周期为T .从比较清晰的点起,每5个点取一个计数点,标上1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8,测量并计算出的相邻计数点之间的距离如下表:该同学分析数据后发现有一距离计算错了,这段距离是 ▲ (填符号).该同学剔除该数据后,利用其它6个数据正确计算出了加速度.该同学计算加速度的表达式为 a ▲.(2)平衡摩擦力后,将5个相同的砝码都放在小车上.挂上砝码盘,然后每次从小车上取一个砝码添加到砝码盘中,测量小车的加速度.小车的加速度a与砝码盘中砝码总重力F 的实验数据如下表:①请根据实验数据在下图中作出a -F 的关系图象.甲 乙O②该实验的研究对象是 ▲ ,根据提供的实验数据作出的a -F 图线不通过原点,对照本实验提供数据,分析主要原因是 ▲ . 13.(10分)在测定一组干电池的电动势和内电阻的实验中,备有下列器材:(A )待测的干电池 (B )电流传感器1 (C )电流传感器2 (D )滑动变阻器R (0—20Ω,2 A ) (E )定值电阻R 0(2000Ω) (F )开关和导线若干某同学发现上述器材中虽然没有电压传感器,但给出了两个电流传感器,于是他设计了如图甲所示的电路来完成实验.(1)图乙为该同学利用测出的实验数据绘出的I 1-I 2图线(I 1为电流传感器1的示数,I 2为电流传感器2的示数,且I 2的数值远远大于I 1的数值),则由图线可得被测电池的电动势E = ▲ V ,内阻r = ▲ Ω.(2)若将图线纵坐标的物理量改为 ▲ ,则图线与纵坐标的交点的物理含义即为电动势的大小.(3)该实验E 、r 的测量值和真实值的关系为:r 真 ▲ r 测、E 真 ▲E 测(选填“>”、“=”或“<”).四、计算题:本题共4小题,共计62分.解答时请写出必要的文字说明、方程和重要的演算步骤.只写出最后答案的不能得分.有数值计算的题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位.I 2/A1.41.5乙甲14(14分)如图所示,在≤0x m 105.0-20⨯=≤x 区域内存在与xOy 平面垂直且指向纸内的匀强磁场,磁感应强度B =0.2 T ,在0x 处有一垂直x 轴放置的挡板.一位于坐标原点的微观粒子源在xOy 平面内发射出大量同种带正电的粒子,所有粒子的初速度v 0=1.0×106 m/s ,方向与x 轴正方向的夹角分布在0~90°范围内.该粒子的比荷为mq =1.0×108C/kg ,不计粒子重力,不考虑粒子间的相互作用及粒子打到挡板后的反弹现象.求:(1)粒子在磁场中运动的轨迹半径R ; (2)粒子在磁场中运动的最长时间t ; (3)用阴影表示粒子在磁场所能到达的区域.Ot /s15.(14分)质量为60 kg 的消防队员从一根固定的竖直金属杆上由静止滑下,经2.5 s 落地.消防队员受到的竖直向上的摩擦力变化情况如图所示,取g =10 m/s 2.求:(1)消防队员下滑过程中加速与减速的加速度; (2)消防队员落地速度v; (3)消防队员下滑的高度h ;16.(17分)如图所示,水平桌面上有一轻弹簧左端被固定,质量为m =1kg 的物块(可视为质点)压缩弹簧静止在O 点,桌面OA 段光滑、AB 段粗糙.水平桌面右侧有一竖直放置的光滑轨道MNP ,其形状为半径R =0.8m 的圆环剪去了左上角135°的圆弧,MN 为其竖直直径,P 点到桌面的竖直距离也是R .现释放物块,若物块与弹簧相连接,则物块最远到达AB 段某点时弹簧的势能为'p E =16J ,然后在水平面上做往返运动,且第一次回到A 点时速度大小为v 0;若物块与弹簧不相连接,则物块与弹簧在A 点分离,物块也以速度v 0飞离桌边缘B 点后由P 点沿切线落入圆轨道.g =10m/s 2,求:(1)BP 间的水平距离x ;(2)通过计算判断物块能否沿圆轨道到达M 点;(3)物块压缩弹簧静止在O 点时弹簧具有的弹性势能E p .N17(17分)在水平地面上方的足够大的真空室内存在着匀强电场和匀强磁场共存的区域,且电场与磁场的方向始终平行,在距离水平地面的某一高度处,有一个带电量为q、质量为m的带负电的质点,以垂直于电场方向的水平初速度v0进入该真空室内,取重力加速度为g.求:(1)若要使带电质点进入真空室后做匀速圆周运动,求电场强度E0的大小和方向;(2)当磁感应强度的大小为B时,为保证带电质点进入真空室后做匀速直线运动,求此时电场强度E的大小和方向;(3)若带电质点在满足第(2)问条件下运动到空中某一位置M点时立即撤去磁场,此后运动到空中另一位置N点时的速度大小为v,求带电质点经过N点时重力做功的功率.2011-2012学年度第一学期高三期中调研测试物理参考答案及评分标准(2011年11月)一、单选题:本题共6题,每题3分,共计18分,每题只有一个选项符合题意. 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.D二、多选题:本题共5题,每题4分,共计20分,每题有多个选项符合题意.全部选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分,错选或不答的得0分. 7.BD 8.B C D 9.AC 10.ACD 11.CD三、简答题:本题共2题,共20分.请将解答填写在答题卡相应的位置. 12.(10分)(1)x 4(2分)2321765300)(Tx x x x x x ++-++(2分)(2)①a -F 图象如图所示.(2分)②小车、砝码盘和砝码组成的系统(2分) 未计入砝码盘的重力(2分) 13.(10分)(1)3.00(±0.04)V (2分) 2.0Ω(±0.1)Ω(2分) (2)I 1R 0 (2分)(3)>(2分) >(2分) 四、计算题:本题共4小题,共计62分.解答时请写出必要的文字说明、方程和重要的演算步骤.只写出最后答案的不能得分.有数值计算的题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位.14.(14分)解析:(1)由牛顿第二定律得qv 0B =m v20R ·································································································· (3分)R =mv0qB=5.0×10-2 m ··················································································· (2分)(2)粒子运动的周期T =2πm qB=π×10-7 s ······················································································ (2分)粒子在磁场中运动的时间最长的轨迹如图甲所示,得2T t ==2π×10-7 s=1.57×10-7s ···································································· (3分) (3)粒子在磁场中所能到达的区域如图乙所示. ······································ (4分)15.(14分)解析:(1)根据牛顿第二定律,消防员在第1 s 内有mg -f 1=ma 1 ······························································································· (1分) 得a 1=4m/s 2,方向竖直向下 ······································································ (1分) 后1.5 s 内有 f 2-mg =ma 2 ······························································································· (1分)得a 2=2m/s 2······························································································ (1分) 方向竖直向上····························································································· (1分) (2)经1 s 消防员达V 1= a 1 t 1=4m/s ····························································· (2分) 再经1.5s 消防员 V 2= V 1- a 2 t 2=4—2×1.5=1m/s ········································· (2分) (3)消防员在第1 s 内下滑的高度h 1=22111141m 2m 22a t =⨯⨯= ·································································· (1分)在1 s 末时的速度为v m =a 1 t 1=4×1=4 m/s················································································· (1分) 在后1.5 s 内下滑的高度22222211(4 1.52 1.5)m 3.75m 22m h v t a t =-=⨯-⨯⨯=······························· (2分)消防队员下滑的高度h =h 1+ h 2=5.75m ························································································· (1分) 16.(17分)解析:(1)利用平抛运动的规律,有42==gR v y m/s ··················································································· (1分) 445tan 0=︒=y v v m/s·················································································· (2分)4.02==gR t s ························································································ (1分) 6.10==t v x m ·························································································· (1分)(2)若物块能过最高点,其在M 点的速度至少为甲 乙22==gR v M m/s ··············································································· (1分) 设物块在P 点的速度至少为P v ,根据机械能守恒定律有PMMPmghmvmv+=222121······································································ (2分)解得94.5=P v m/s ····················································································· (1分) 在P 点时物块的实际速度2422=+=v v v y 物m/s ······························· (1分) 因P v v <物,故物块不能到最高点. ·························································· (1分) (3)分析题意可知,当物块与弹簧相连接时,物块最远到达AB 段的中点.·················································································································· (1分) 设AB 段长为L ,物块与AB 段的动摩擦因数为μ,物块从O 点运动到AB 段中点的功能关系为2'L mgE E p p μ+=···················································································· (2分)当物块与弹簧相连接时,物块从O 点运动到B 点的功能关系为2021mv mgL E p +=μ················································································· (2分)解得24=p E J ··························································································· (1分) 17.(17分)解析:(1)由于带电质点在匀强电场和匀强磁场共存的区域做匀速圆周运动,所以受到的电场力必定与重力平衡,即 qE 0 =mg ····································································································· (2分)解得qmgE =0 ··························································································· (1分)电场强度的方向竖直向下.········································································ (1分) (2)磁场B 和电场E 方向相同时,如图甲所示;磁场B 和电场E 方向相反时,如图乙所示.由于带电质点做匀速直线运动,由平衡条件和几何关系可知()()()2220mg qE B qv =+·············································································· (2分) 解得2202221B v q g m qE -=····································································· (2分) 图中的θ角为mgB qv 0arcsin =θ ····································································· (2分)甲乙物理答案 第4页(共4页) 即电场E 的方向为沿与重力方向夹角mgB qv 0arcsin =θ,且斜向下的一切方向.(或22022200arctan B v q g m Bqv qE Bqv -==θ,且斜向下方的一切方向.) ··················· (2分)(3)当撤去磁场后,带电质点只受电场力和重力作用,这两个力的合力大小为qv 0B ,方向既垂直初速度v 0的方向也垂直电场E 的方向,带电质点将做类平抛运动.因电场力在这个过程中不做功,带电质点到达N 点时,重力做功的功率等于合外力在此时的瞬时功率.带电质点到达N 点时沿合力方向的分速度大小为v N =202v v - ····························································································· (2分)带电质点到达N 点时重力做功的功率为P N =qv 0Bv N =2020v v B qv - ······································································· (3分)。