英文句型的转换

英文句型的转换

1. 简单句句型的转换

1.1 主语

1）有时对其他句子成分无影响。

a. There is nothing inconsistent in what she said. 她的话并无前后矛盾之处。

→There is no inconsistency in what she said.

b. His arrogant manner made everyone dislike him. 他的傲慢态度使大家都讨厌他。

→His arrogance made everyone dislike him.

c. Your denying it is useless. 你的否认没有用。

→Your denial of it is useless.

2）有时其他部分需要相应的改动。

a. Mastery of a language requires painstaking efforts. 学语言要下苦功。

→It requires painstaking efforts to master a language.

b. No amount of persuasion could make her change her mind. 不管怎样劝说，她都不肯改变主意。

→Nothing could persuade her to change her mind.

c. His decision was to join the army after thorough consideration. 经过深思熟虑后，他决定参军。

→He decided to join the army after thorough consideration.

总结：具象和抽象主语间可互相转化。

1.2 谓语

1）转化为表语

a. These books can be obtained at any library. 这些书哪个图书馆都有。

→These books can be obtainable at any library.

b. Every language reflects the culture that produces it. 每种语言都反映产生它的文化。

→Every language is a reflection of the culture that produces it.

c. She always minds her obligation to others. 她总是注意自己对别人的责任。

→She is always mindful of her obligation to others.

2）转化为“动词+名词”

a. He apologized for having broken his promise. 他为违背诺言而道歉。

→He offered apologies for having broken his promise.

b. She recited a poem by Bai Juyi. 她朗诵了白居易的一首诗。

→She gave a recitation of a poem by Bai Juyi.

c. He applied for a passport. 他申请了一份护照。

→He made an application for a passport.

1.3 宾语

1）抽象与具象名词间的互换

a. The expansion of the city required extension of the communication lines. 城市要扩大就要延长交通线。

→The expansion of the city required extended communication lines.

b. The report revealed the precariousness of their position. 报告透露了他们处境的危险。

→The report revealed their precarious position.

c. They were deeply impressed by the fluency of her English. 她流利的英语给他们留下了深刻的印象。

→They were deeply impressed by her fluent English.

2）部分宾语（宾补）发生变化

a. They always consider themselves to be right. 他们总认为自己是对的。

→They always consider themselves to be in the right.

b. I believe him to be honest. 我相信他是诚实的。

→I believe him honest.

1.4 表语

1）名词与形容词互换

a. Your suggestions are of great value to us. 你的建议对我们很有价值。

→Your suggestions are very valuable to us.

b. Sunlight is of great benefit to the human body. 阳光对人体很有好处。

→Sunlight is greatly beneficial to the human body.

2）被动结构转化为“be+介词短语”

a. The road is being repaired. 马路正在翻修。

→The road is under repair.

b. The scene could not be described. 景色无法形容。

→The scene is beyond description.