潍柴天然气发动机维修手册
柴油发动机维修手册
柴油发动机维修手册柴油发动机是现代交通工具中常见的动力来源。
它们以高功率和高效能而闻名，然而，由于长时间的使用和磨损，柴油发动机可能会出现各种问题。
为了更好地了解柴油发动机的维修和维护知识，下面将为您提供一个详细的柴油发动机维修手册。
1. 柴油发动机基础知识柴油发动机与汽油发动机有着一些不同之处。
首先，柴油发动机依赖于压缩燃烧来产生动力，而汽油发动机则依赖于点火系统。
此外，柴油发动机通常比汽油发动机更加耐用，但其维修和维护也更加复杂。
了解柴油发动机的基本工作原理对于正确维修和维护至关重要。
2. 常见故障及解决方法2.1 发动机无法启动柴油发动机无法启动的原因可能有多种，包括燃油供应问题、点火系统故障、气缸压缩不足等。
在排除电池电量不足等常见问题后，需要仔细检查燃油泵、喷油器等部件，并确保供油系统正常。
2.2 发动机冷却系统故障柴油发动机冷却系统故障可能导致发动机过热，进而影响其性能和寿命。
维修手册中应包含冷却系统的详细介绍，以及常见故障的排查和修复方法。
2.3 发动机燃油问题柴油发动机的燃油系统是其正常运行的关键。
维修手册应涵盖燃油泵、喷油器、燃油滤清器等关键部件的维护和维修，以解决燃油供应不足、燃油泄露等常见问题。
2.4 发动机排放问题柴油发动机的排放问题受到环境保护的高度关注。
维修手册应提供有效的排放控制方法，以确保发动机排放符合相关标准。
3. 维修和维护技巧维修手册的重要部分是列出柴油发动机的日常维修和维护技巧。
这些技巧包括更换机油、清洁空气滤清器、定期更换燃油滤清器等。
正确的维护可以延长发动机的使用寿命和性能。
4. 安全措施在维修手册中，应该特别强调安全措施。
柴油发动机可能涉及到高压燃料和旋转部件，因此维修人员必须严格遵守相关操作规程和安全建议，以避免事故发生。
总结：柴油发动机维修手册是一本非常重要的工具，对于维修人员和车主来说都具有实际意义。
通过了解柴油发动机的基础知识、常见故障及解决方法、维修和维护技巧以及安全措施，可以更好地保持柴油发动机的正常运行和提高其寿命。
潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册—故障诊断柴油机动力不足
潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册—故障诊断柴油机动力不足潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册—故障诊断与案例分析：第五类故障：柴油机动力不足。
第五类故障：柴油机动力不足
检查步骤
第一步：配装多功率省油开关的车辆，检查开关档位是否在正确位置
第二步：读取闪码，若无闪码转入下一步
第三步：检查低压油路与油质是否正常，若正常转下一步。
第四步：检查空气滤芯、进气管路、增压器工作是否正常，若正常转下一步。
第五步：检查气门间隙是否正常，若正常转下一步
第六步：检查各传感器插头、油门踏板插头、整车线束是否接触良好，若正常转下
检查步骤
第七步：联系特约维修站维修人员，使用专业设备按以下步骤检测。
使用故障诊断仪检查飞轮信号盘与油泵凸轮信号盘是否同步（数据流检测同步信号48）。
若仍动力不足转下一步。
使用故障诊断仪检查进一步检查是否正常建立轨压，如轨压不正常，有可能是喷油器、共轨管、高压油泵、ECU引起，请参考《部件故障分析》。
配装多功率省油开关的车辆，检查开关档位是否失效。
潍柴天然气发动机故障案例分析——【潍柴天然气发动机】
潍柴天然气发动机故障案例一、发动机无法启动:案例1：在五洲龙新车调试时，遇到一辆LNG车，无法启动，使用的是WP10NG260E30发动机，检查火花塞都跳火，拆下FMV到混合器的燃气管，启动时也喷气，NGP为8.5bar，检查信号发生器盘，在1缸压缩上止点时，TDC刻度线对正传感器中心，电瓶电压在启动时为20V。
软件显示也正常，启动时MAP数值也正常。
最后观察LNG气瓶出液管到水浴式汽化器的不锈钢管路表面没有上霜，正常情况，在打开LNG罐出液阀门后，这段管路时上霜的。
分析是LNG供气量不足，虽说稳压罐表显示压力够，可能是气体里的甲烷含量不足。
重新加液后，顺利启动。
问题根源是，车厂为了节约燃气费，给车辆仅加30升LNG，由于LNG瓶内存储着氮气，如果氮气压力高，LNG加入量会更少，直接导致供气不足，无法启动。
案例2：上海申龙客车新车调试时，一台CNG发动机无法启动。
检查更1换了发动机线束、点火线束、ECU线束、ECU、点火模块、点火垫圈、高压线、火花塞、电瓶、喷射阀；并检查了发动机进气管路、中冷管路、排气管路、节气门、点火正时、缸压等，发动机仍然无法启动。
最后更换发动机气瓶中天然气，发动机顺利启动。
据了解，申龙公司把气瓶买来装车之前，都要做保压试验，即往气瓶中充氮气，试验完毕之后会排空氮气。
这两台车无法启动，是由于气瓶中的氮气未能排净，导致瓶中天然气纯度不够造成。
案例3：内蒙古一卡车用户无法启动。
首先检查点火系统，拆下火花塞后，发现缸内有水，经确定认为是发动机清洗液。
启动打火把缸内水吹出，同时发现火花塞打火正常。
再检查供气系统，启动过程中检查FMV后喷气，喷气正常。
最后检查检查点火正时：将发动机盘车至一缸上止点，检查信号盘，发现点火提前角不对。
调节点火提前角后发动机可正常启动。
二、发动机启动困难案例1：新疆矿用车配WP12NG350E40发动机在冬季-30℃时，启动困难。
发动机起动转速开始时没有，起动几秒后会出现，但偏低80-290r/min，起动电源电压低14v左右，机油使用潍柴专用CH级15w-40，发动机冷却液使用的是潍柴专用-35度，环境温度：-30度。
潍柴动力 维护手册
潍柴动力维护手册说起潍柴动力的维护手册，我想大家都知道，咱们平时用的这机器，不管是工程车，还是各种重型机械，都离不开它的心脏——潍柴发动机。
不过，你别看它们个头大、声音震天，实际上维护起来可是有些小讲究的。
说到这里，我就忍不住想起我上次跟朋友一起去工地看设备的那次经历，真是又好笑又让人有点无奈。
那天是个风和日丽的下午，正好朋友要检查一台潍柴动力的工程车，他让我一块儿去。
我本想着轻松地帮个忙，顺便学学怎么维护这些“大块头”，结果一到现场，我就傻眼了。
设备一停，我朋友就开始往发动机的盖子上一拍，仿佛这是跟它打招呼一样。
我看着他一脸认真的样子，心里突然冒出了一个念头：“难道发动机也能有脾气？”不过，他并没有管我这心里的小疑问，而是拿出了工具箱，开始了他的“例行检查”。
首先，他拿起了那根长长的检油尺，轻轻一插，拔出来，看了看油尺上的油量。
我正好站在旁边，忍不住问他：“油量合适吗？”朋友瞄了一眼油尺，然后神秘兮兮地笑了笑：“油有多重要你知道吗？如果油不够，发动机就会干涸，咱这车就成了‘废铁’了。
”听他这么一说，我这才意识到，发动机的维护真是细致入微，这油位问题也不能忽视。
接着，他又开始清理空气滤清器。
你可别小看这小小的滤清器，它的作用可不简单。
朋友一边清理一边跟我说：“你知道吗？这个滤清器就像是发动机的‘呼吸器’，如果它脏了，发动机就吸不进足够的空气，性能就大打折扣。
”我点点头，看着他拿着刷子一遍一遍地把滤清器刷得干干净净，突然觉得，潍柴发动机的维护工作，真是比我想象的还要复杂。
这时，我朋友又开始检查冷却液。
他拿起了冷却液的盖子，一看那液面，眉头一皱，说道：“这冷却液低了，得加点。
”我正准备问他为什么冷却液这么重要时，他好像看穿了我的疑问，接着说：“发动机就像咱们人的心脏一样，得保持温度正常，太热了会坏，太冷了也不行。
冷却液就负责帮它降温，保持在最佳状态。
”我点点头，觉得这些维护小细节真的不能马虎。
最搞笑的是，他还特意去拿了一把小锤子，敲了敲发动机的某个部件。
潍柴汽车维修手册说明书
6. 维修过程中避免制动块和制动盘沾染油污，若沾染油污则使用纱布打磨干净。 7. 切勿重复使用排出的制动液，排出的制动液应储存在专用的回收容器内。 8. 排气过程中要观察制动液壶的制动液液位，低于最低刻度线时，应及时补充。 9. 加注制动液且排气结束后，检查制动系统是否有泄漏；若有应及时给予排除，确保行
前蒸发器 ...........................................71B-39
更换..................................................... 71B-39
空调风道 ...........................................71B-40
更换..................................................... 71B-35
暖风机芯体........................................71B-38
更换..................................................... 71B-38
鼓风机 ...............................................71B-30
更换..................................................... 71B-30
调速模块 ...........................................71B-31
更换..................................................... 71B-31
发动机维修说明书1
发动机维修说明书11. 引言本文档为发动机维修的详细说明书。
它旨在提供给维修人员必要的操作指南和注意事项，以确保发动机能够正常维修和维护。
请在使用本说明书前仔细阅读并严格按照要求进行操作。
2. 安全注意事项在维修任何发动机之前，请务必遵守以下安全注意事项：•在维修过程中，务必断开发动机的电源。
•使用适当的个人防护装备，如手套、安全眼镜和耳塞，以防止受伤。
•在维修发动机之前，确保发动机已经冷却至安全温度。
•遵守相关安全规定和操作程序，如锁定传动装置、使用稳固的工作平台等。
3. 检查列表在维修发动机之前，请先进行以下检查：•检查发动机是否处于正常状态，如有异常请及时记录并分析。
•检查发动机周围是否有任何杂物和液体泄漏，如有请清除和修复。
•检查发动机的连接部件和管道是否紧固，如有松动请进行重新紧固。
4. 维修步骤4.1 拆卸发动机罩1.断开发动机罩上的连接螺丝和夹子。
2.轻轻推开发动机罩，确保没有任何连接部件被固定。
4.2 拆卸发动机部件1.先拆卸发动机的外部表面部件，如进气管、排气管和油箱。
2.接下来，拆卸发动机的内部部件，如汽缸盖和活塞。
4.3 更换损坏的部件1.对于损坏的部件，请先购买相应的替换件，并确保其与原件完全匹配。
2.拆卸损坏的部件，并安装新的替换件。
4.4 组装发动机部件1.在组装发动机部件之前，请确保所有部件已经清洁干净，无杂质和污垢。
2.按照逆序进行组装，将发动机的内部和外部部件依次安装。
3.请务必使用正确的扭矩和工具进行紧固，以避免损坏零件。
4.5 测试和调试1.在发动机维修完成后，请进行调试和测试，以确保发动机正常工作。
2.进行常规的启动和运行测试，并检查发动机的工作参数和噪声水平。
5. 维修注意事项•在维修过程中，请注意保持工作区域的整洁和安全。
•使用合适的工具和设备，以避免对发动机和周围部件造成损坏。
•定期检查和更换发动机的润滑油和滤清器，以保持发动机的良好工作状态。
•如遇到维修难题，请及时寻求专业技术支持和指导。
潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册—WP10柴油机装配工艺要点
潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册—WP10柴油机装配工艺要点潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册—WP10柴油机装配工艺要点：喷油器的安装、喷油器的拆卸、喷油器回油管的安装。
喷油器的安装喷油器通过法兰紧固在气缸盖上。
下图所示为两种喷油器压紧样式。
高压油管可以直接连接到喷油器上（通过外部接头），或间接的通过气缸盖内的内部高压接头连接。
喷油器压紧力必须作用在轴向上，否则喷油器体的变形，将会加剧内部针阀体的磨损，影响寿命。
喷油器紧固螺栓力矩M8（2根）：10~12N.m两个法兰拧紧力必须相等。
法兰与喷油器成90°角，法兰两边必须同时夹紧。
过高的压紧力会使得喷油率变化。
在安装条件下，喷油器油嘴小外圆上不可以有侧向作用力。
在轴向力的作用下，密封圈应可以在径向上发生变形而不接触到气缸盖内孔壁。
每当安装一个喷油器，必须使用一个新的密封圈。
使用过的密封圈会变硬。
使用旧的密封圈很有可能造成泄漏并且导致喷油器压紧力异常。
喷油器和喷嘴也会受到附带影响。
喷油器的拆卸拆卸喷油器的时候，必须采用与安装顺序相反的步骤。
然后手工将喷油器从气缸盖上拿掉。
如果手工拿不下来，可以采用必要的工具将喷油器拿下来。
这个特殊要求的工具必须保证接触到整个喷油器，并且不能有滑落可能。
这个特殊工具不准碰到电磁阀以及电磁阀紧帽。
不允许对喷油器体有任何的伤害。
如果部件有损伤必须更换。
否则会造成以后有漏油的可能性。
在将喷油器再次插入气缸盖之前，应该清除气缸盖孔里的燃烧残渣。
油嘴小外圆不要接触缸盖。
油嘴小外圆上的任何残渣都有可能产生一个侧向力。
喷油器回油管的安装安装回油管时应避免与汽车的高温部件接触（如排气管，涡轮增压器、废气回流管等）。
回油管内不允许存在节流区域。
回油管不可接触锋利的边缘，不可折成尖角，更不可被扭曲。
回油管安装不当会引起燃油泄漏到发动机上，过高的回油压力影响喷油器的喷有规律。
喷油器线束的安装紧固扭矩为1.5N.m。
过高的扭矩会导致电气连接的断裂或松动，从而使喷油器失效。
潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册—潍柴WP10发动机结构特点简介
潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册—潍柴WP10发动机结构特点简介
潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册—潍柴WP10发动机结构特点简介：潍柴WP10发动机整体结构布置及主要件结构与WD615基本相同。
因为采用了电控共轨燃油系统，所以相关的零部件结构进行了更改。
与WD615柴油机相比较，潍柴WP10发动机结构变化较大的部分包括：
1.1 电控燃油系统
主要组件：
共轨泵、共轨管、压力限制阀、喷油器、电控单元（ECU）、高压油管、低压油管、燃油滤清器、线束
传感器：
曲轴信号传感器、凸轮轴信号传感器—给ECU提供正确的曲轴转角，从而确定正确的喷油时间；
冷却水温传感器、进气压力温度传感器、轨压传感器
控制器：
燃油流量控制器、喷油器控制器
燃油的流向：
燃油箱——粗滤器——ECU——输油泵——精滤器—共轨泵——高压油管——共轨管——高压油管——喷油器
1.2 其余相关组件
飞轮、飞轮壳、气缸体、齿轮室、空压机、油底壳
WP10发动机维修专用工具与WD615发动机维修专用工具相比较，有的工具是通用的，另外一些基础工具的形式基本一致，尺寸略有差别。
潍柴发动机维修专用工具。
潍柴天然气发动机维修手册
潍柴天然气发动机维修手册
6 发动机维护保养 ........................................................................................................ 100 6.1 发动机各系统维护保养要求 .......................................................................................... 100 6.2 潍柴天然气发动机燃气电控部件维护规范 .............................................................................. 102 6.3 发动机日常操作要求 ................................................................................................ 104
3 潍柴发动机系统介绍 ..................................................................................................... 8 3.1 潍柴天然气发动机工作原理 ........................................................................................... 8 3.2 潍柴天然气发动机部件介绍 ......................................................................................... 10 3.2.1 发动机电控模块及线束........................................................................................... 10 3.2.2 燃料控制系统................................................................................................... 12 3.2.3 空气控制系统................................................................................................... 18 3.2.4 线传电控系统................................................................................................... 19 3.2.5 进气压力控制系统 .............................................................................................. 20 3.2.6 点火系统....................................................................................................... 23 3.2.7 其他传感器..................................................................................................... 25
柴油机维修手册
柴油发动机排故手册页次发动机不可以转动或转动迟缓发动机起动困难（排气中无烟）
发动机起动困难（排气中有烟）
发动机在运行时停机
发动机运行粗暴或缺火
发动机输出功率偏低
排黑烟过多
机油耗费率偏高
机油被污染
燃油耗费率偏高
冷却液被污染
冷却液损失
机油压力偏低
机油油位高升
冷却液温度超出正常温度
发动机噪声过大
发动机振动过大
发动机不可以转动或转动迟缓
发动机起动困难（排气中无烟）
发动机起动困难（排气中有烟）
发动机输出功率偏低
排黑烟过多
机油耗费率偏高
机油被污染
燃油耗费率偏高
冷却液被污染
冷却液损失
机油压力偏低
机油油位高升
冷却液温度超出正常温度
发动机噪声过大
发动机振动过大。
柴油机维修手册
柴油机维修手册柴油机作为一种重要的动力设备，广泛应用于工业、交通运输、农业等领域。
为了确保柴油机的正常运行和延长其使用寿命，维修工作尤为关键。
本手册将为您介绍柴油机的基本原理、常见故障排查与修复方法，以及维修过程中的注意事项。
一、柴油机工作原理柴油机的工作原理基于内燃机的热力循环，主要由进气、压缩、燃烧和排气四个基本过程组成。
在这一过程中，柴油机通过压缩空气使其温度达到柴油的自燃点，然后喷射柴油使其燃烧产生高温高压气体，从而驱动活塞运动，完成工作循环。
二、常见故障排查与修复方法1. 无法启动当柴油机无法启动时，首先需要检查燃料供给是否正常。
可以检查燃油泵的工作情况，燃油滤清器是否堵塞等。
另外，还需要检查喷油泵的工作是否正常，喷嘴是否堵塞。
如果以上检查都正常，还需检查点火系统和机械传动部分是否有异常。
2. 发动机运行不稳定如果柴油机在运行过程中发生抖动、异响或熄火等问题，可以考虑以下排查方法。
首先，检查燃油供应系统是否正常，如油泵的调整、喷嘴的清洗等。
其次，可以检查压缩系统是否有问题，如活塞环的磨损、气缸垫片的老化等。
另外，还需检查进气系统和排气系统是否通畅。
3. 机油消耗过多柴油机机油消耗过多可能是由于机油系统出现泄漏、活塞环磨损或气缸磨损等问题引起的。
需要仔细检查机油系统的管路，密封件是否完好，同时检查活塞环和气缸的磨损情况。
如有必要，需更换损坏的部件，并及时补充机油。
4. 发动机冷却不良柴油机的冷却系统对于维持发动机的正常工作温度至关重要。
如果发动机冷却不良，可能会导致发动机过热。
在排查时，需要检查冷却液的循环是否正常，散热器是否损坏，水泵是否工作正常等。
同时，需定期清洗冷却系统以保持其良好的工作状态。
三、维修注意事项1. 安全第一柴油机的维修过程中，安全是首要考虑的因素。
在进行维修工作之前，需要切断电源，并遵循相关的安全操作规程。
同时，使用合适的工具和设备，佩戴个人防护装备，以减少事故发生的风险。
潍柴发动机故障诊断手册
故障诊断手册常见故障及排除1. 柴油机不能起动1.1 起动机不工作国三起动机一般由ECU控制，主要是对空档的检查。
然后ECU输出一个电流驱动起动继电器，继电器接通后电瓶带动起动机起动。
所以检查时有几个要素：空档开关、起动继电器、电瓶、车下停车开关的关联。
¾检查是否挂在空档位置¾检查车下停车开关的位置（应处于断开状态）¾检查空档开关及接线是否完好，试着使用紧急起动（点火开关持续按下5秒以上）¾检查电瓶电压是否过低，以致不能带动起动机¾起动机继电器及接线是否完好¾检查起动机是否已烧坏¾点火开关及起动开关是否已坏1.2 轨压无法建立（起动机能正常工作，但无法起动）共轨系统对燃油油路要求较高，低压油路（油箱Æ粗滤Æ精滤，回油）、高压油路（高压油泵Æ共轨Æ高压油管Æ喷油器）都要保证密闭。
任何一个环节出了问题，轨压都不能正常建立，提示主机厂对整个燃油油路高度重视。
¾检查油箱油位是否过低¾检查手油泵是否工作正常¾检查低压油路是否有气，并排空气(有时低压油路泄漏不明显，需要仔细检查) 排气方法：主要排粗滤里面的空气。
松开粗滤上的放气螺栓，用手压动粗滤器上的手压泵，直至放气螺栓处持续出油为止。
¾低压油路空气排净后仍不能起动柴油机，则判断高压油路有空气，也需要排出高压油路的空气。
排气方法：松开某缸高压油管，用起动机带动柴油机运转直至高压油管持续出油为止！（不建议经常拆卸高压油管接头！）¾检查高压油路有无泄漏¾检查油路是否通畅，检查柴油滤清器是否堵塞，建议及时更换柴油滤芯。
检查方法：松开精滤出口螺栓，用起动机带动柴油机运转，看是否有柴油喷出或流出，若只有少量柴油流出，则可以判定滤芯堵塞¾检查轨压传感器初始电压值是否在500mV左右，或设定轨压是否为300-500bar（用KTS诊断工具），若不正常首先检查接插件是否牢靠。
潍柴发动机使用说明
潍柴燃气发动机维护保养说明潍柴燃气发动机维护保养说明潍柴西港新能源发动机有限公司2012.21潍柴燃气发动机维护保养说明目录1发动机维护保养 (1)1.1天然气发动机主要部件说明 (1)1.2系统维护保养要求 (2)1.3电控部件维护保养要求 (4)1.4发动机日常操作要求 (6)2 附录 (8)2.1 Q/WCQTG0017潍柴燃气发动机保养规范 (9)2.2 Q/WCQTG0012《潍柴燃气发动机 REGO稳压器维修规范》 (11)2.3 Q/WCQTG0013《潍柴燃气发动机喷嘴清洗规范》 (15)2.4 Q/WCQTG5.27-2010《潍柴气体发动机机油用油规范》 (23)2.5 Q/WCQTG0007《潍柴燃气发动机火花塞拆装规范》 (25)2.6 《整车 LNG燃气系统使用规范》 (34)2.7 Q/WCQTG0011《潍柴燃气发动机燃气滤清器滤芯更换规范》 (46)2潍柴燃气发动机维护保养说明1 发动机维护保养1.1 天然气发动机主要部件说明部件 功能图示ICM控制各缸点混合 使空气和燃ECU 电控模块， 火时刻 器 气充分混合 综合分析控火花 产生电火 废气调节增压器制发动机运 花，点燃缸控制 行塞增压压力 内可燃气阀滤清 过滤燃气中节气 控制进入各 器 高压 传递高压电 （LN 杂质门 缸可燃气量G ）线 给火花塞稳压 控制进入喷电磁 控制燃气管氧传 测量排气中 器 射阀的燃气阀 路通断感器 氧气含量压力（LNG ）FMV向混合器中 点火产生高压电减压 控制进入喷喷射燃料，射阀的燃气 控制燃料的 线圈器压力（CNG ）喷射量1潍柴燃气发动机维护保养说明1.2 系统维护保养要求潍柴天然气发动机是高性能电控发动机，精细的电控部件多，需要精心的维护保养，才能使发动机动力性经济性得到充分发挥，延长其使用寿命。
潍柴气体发动机日常保养及例行保养周期及相关项目参见Q/WCQTG0017《潍柴燃气发动机保养规范》（见附录）。
潍柴wp13发动机维修手册
潍柴WP13发动机维修手册潍柴WP13发动机是一种高性能、低油耗的柴油发动机，广泛应用于各类机械设备和车辆。
为了确保发动机的正常运行和延长使用寿命，定期进行维护和保养是必不可少的。
本维修手册将为您提供潍柴WP13发动机的维修指南，帮助您正确地维护和保养发动机。
一、发动机简介潍柴WP13发动机是一款四冲程柴油发动机，采用直列6缸设计，排量为12.5升。
该发动机具有高功率、低油耗、低噪音、低振动等特点，可广泛应用于卡车、客车、工程机械等领域。
二、维修注意事项1.在进行维修前，请务必关闭发动机，并确保车辆处于稳定状态。
2.确保工作区域干净整洁，以免杂物对维修工作造成干扰或损坏。
3.使用正确的工具和设备进行维修，避免使用不合适的工具造成不必要的损坏。
4.遵循维修步骤，按照规定的顺序进行操作。
5.在进行电气维修时，请确保电源已经关闭，并使用绝缘胶带保护裸露的电线。
6.定期检查发动机机油、冷却液等液体，确保其充足且清洁。
三、主要部件维修1.气门机构气门机构是发动机的重要部件之一，负责控制气缸的进气和排气。
定期检查气门机构，包括气门、气门弹簧、气门导管等部件，确保其正常工作。
如有损坏，及时更换。
2.燃油系统燃油系统包括燃油泵、喷油器等部件，负责将燃油喷射到气缸中。
定期检查燃油系统，确保燃油泵正常工作，喷油器喷射均匀。
如有堵塞或泄漏，及时清理或更换部件。
3.润滑系统润滑系统包括机油泵、机油滤清器等部件，负责为发动机内部零件提供润滑。
定期更换机油和机油滤清器，并检查机油泵是否正常工作。
如有损坏，及时更换。
柴油发动机维修手册说明书
Table 2.5Auxiliary connector - pins and signalsa.For more information on hardware links refer to“Power Sense Options” on page121.b.For more information on high power drive refer to “Special Purpose Outputs” on page67.c.Can be switched or unswitched. For more information refer to “Connector Power Supply Options” on page131.Table 2.6Auxiliary connector - DC characteristicsParameterStandardTest method and conditions Comments min.typ.max.unitsDigital signals Input low level:All inputs AUX_GPI20.7V s–4VVNo hardware links fitted a.LK3 fitted.Includes AUX_GPI3 with LK1/2 fitted.Configured as emergency power senseinput.Input high level:All inputs AUX_GPI2 AUX_GPI31.7V s–1.52.6VVVNo hardware links fitted a.LK3 fitted.LK1 and/or 2 fitted.Configured as emergency power senseinput.Configured as power sense input.Input low current:All other inputs AUX_GPI2 AUX_GPI3 AUX_RXD –100–120–13b–500–1µAmAµAmANo links fitted a. Default pullups c.LK3 fitted. V s=13.8VLK1 and 2 fitted.–8V input.Default pullup resistance is 33kΩ.Configured as emerg. power sense input.Configured as power sense input.Input high current:AUX_RXDAll other inputs 110100mAµAµANo links fitted a. Default pullups c.+8V input.3.3V input.5V input.Default pullup resistance is 33kΩ.Output low level:AUX_GPIO4-7 AUX_TXD 50600200mVmVmV100µA sink current.10mA sink current.100µA sink current.Current limit occurs at 20mA typ.Output high level:AUX_GPIO4-7 AUX_TXD 3.12.4VVNo load. Default pullups c.3kΩ load.Safe DC input limits:AUX_GPI1-3 AUX_GPIO4-7 AUX_RXD AUX_TXD d –0.5–0.5–25V–10V s+0.5V s+0.5V s+0.5V s+0.5VVVVInput current must not exceed ±50mA.This is the rating of the clampingdiodes.Analogue signals DC output range:RSSI13V8_SW 09.7317.2VVSee Table2.9 on page24.Follows V s.Output switches off outside this range.DC bias:AUD_TAP_IN AUD_TAP_OUT AUX_MIC_AUD 1.42.12.91.52.33.01.62.53.1VVVNo load. Zero Rx frequency error.Via 2.2kΩ.Bias for electret microphone.Input impedance:AUD_TAP_IN AUX_MIC_AUD 502.11002.21502.3kΩkΩDC to 10kHzOutput impedance:AUD_TAP_OUT RSSI 59095060010006501050ΩΩDC to 10kHzSafe DC input limits:AUD_TAP_IN AUD_TAP_OUT d AUX_MIC_AUD RSSI d –17–0.5–17–17+17+17+17+17VVVVShort circuit-safe. Input current <±20mAa.For more information on hardware links refer to “Power Sense Options” on page121.b.It is recommended that this input is driven by a mechanical switch or an open collector/drain output.c.For more information on pullups refer to “Digital Input Lines” on page39.d.These outputs are protected against accidental input to the limits specified.22Description of the Radio Interfaces TM8000 3DK Hardware Developer’s Kit Application ManualNotes:1.Optional processing blocks are bypassed in the above specification.2.For AUD_TAP_IN and AUD_TAP_OUT specifications the following signal paths apply:Table 2.7Auxiliary connector - AC characteristicsParameterStandardTest method and conditionsCommentsmin.typ.max.unitsAUD_TAP_IN (refer to note 4)Nominal input level:T ap T3, T4, T5, T8, T12T ap T13T ap R7, R100.620.780.620.690.870.690.760.960.76V p-p V p-p V p-p Level for 60% RSD@1kHz.Level for 3kHz dev.@1kHz.Refer to note 3.Equivalent to –10dBm into 600Ω.Full scale input level 2.0V p-pFrequency response:All tap-pointsRefer to the plots inTable 2.10 and Table 2.11.Group delay - absolute:T ap T13T ap T12T ap T8T ap T5T ap T4T ap T31.81.89.611.611.711.7ms ms ms ms ms msAt 1kHz. Refer to note 2.Refer to note 1.Refer to note 1.Group delay - distortion:T ap T12 and Tap T13Refer to the plots in Table 2.12.AUD_TAP_OUTNominal output level:All Rx tap-points except R1T ap R1T ap T30.620.540.620.690.600.690.760.660.76V p-p V p-p V p-p Rload=600Ω.Level at 60% RSD@1kHz.Level at 3kHz dev.@1kHz Refer to “Microphonesensitivity ”of AUX_MIC_AUD.Equivalent to –10dBm into 600Ω.Full scale output level 2.0V p-pRload=600Ω.Frequency response:All tap-pointsRefer to the plots inTable 2.10 and Table 2.11.Group delay - absolute:T ap R1T ap R2T ap R4T ap R5T ap R7T ap R101.81.86.66.78.58.7ms ms ms ms ms msAt 1kHz. Refer to note 2.Refer to note 1.Group delay - distortion:T ap R1 and Tap R2Refer to the plots in Table 2.12.AUX_MIC_AUD Rated System Deviation NB MB WB–2.5–4.0–5.0+2.5+4.0+5.0kHz kHz kHzEIA-603BUnits are peak frequency deviation from nominal carrier frequency in kHz.Modulation frequency responseRefer to the plot in Table 2.13.EIA-603BMicrophone sensitivity 6.07.59.0mV rmsEIA-603BCaseInput Output Tap into Rx chain AUD_TAP_INRX_AUD Tap out of Rx chain Modulation at antenna AUD_TAP_OUT Tap into Tx chain AUD_TAP_IN Modulation at antenna Tap out of Tx chainAUX_MIC_AUDAUD_TAP_OUT3.For tap into the Rx path, nominal level refers to the level required to give output at RX_AUD that is same as the60% dev level from the receiver. The level specified applies at 1kHz only.4.AUD_TAP_IN uses a DC-coupled analog-to-digital converter and the bias voltage specified in Table2.6 should beused to maximise dynamic range. The DC bias is removed internally by a digital high-pass filter so the Tx carrier frequency will not be affected by any bias error. it is recommended to use external AC-coupling for applications which do not require modulation to very low frequencies.Table 2.8Auxiliary connector - data characteristicsParameterStandardTest method and conditions Comments min.typ.max.unitsSerial portBaud rate:1200, 2400, 4800,9600, 14400, 19200bit/s All UART parameters are fixedand common to all UARTsexcept for the baud ratewhich is configurable anddifferent for different modes/applicationsData bits: 8Start bit:1Stop bit:1 Parity:None Protocol:CCDI2 Flow control:Software XON/XOFF GPIODelays:I/O mirror to IOP UI key delay 50050µsmsTable 2.9RSSI voltage vs. signal strength24Description of the Radio Interfaces TM8000 3DK Hardware Developer’s Kit Application Manual。
柴油发动机维修指南说明书
We don’t know much about alli-gator wrestling (which looks dangerous) or mud wrestling(which looks like tons o’ fun), but we do know something about diesel wrestling.We say “wrestling” because work-ing on diesel engines is different from working on gasoline engines—you don’t get as many in your bays, so you’re less familiar with them. This article is meant to change that. N exttime you “go to the mat” with a dieselengine, you may be able to demon-strate a few new “holds.”As you know, a diesel engine requires no spark plugs to fire the fuel, although glow plugs are typically used to assist engine starts in cold weather. Often, the fuel accumulates slightly before light-off occurs. This is called the delay stage .Once the delay stage concludes, the fu-el mixes with the hot compressed air in the cylinders and ignites, causing crunching blows to occur inside the en-gine. It ’s because of these crunching blows, plus the fact that the engine pro-duces far greater cylinder pressuresthan its gasoline-fed cousin, that the diesel has long been the burly power champ that produces high torque.Two Cummins EntriesSeveral contenders have climbed into the ring on the diesel light truck card.One is the Dodge Ram truck ’s 24-valve Cummins turbo diesel, an inline Six. Featuring big breathing, this en-gine produces 245 hp with the six-speed manual transmission, or 235 hp for automatics. Peak torque of 505 ft-lb comes in at 1600 to 2300 rpm.Cummins says the 24-valve cylin-WRESTLING WITH MODERN DIESELSB Y T HOMAS M ARCYWinning a bout with a diesel engine means using some heavy-duty skills. And as with any tough match, it pays to know the strengths and weaknesses of your opponent.der head design increases airflow and improves low-speed performance.The head also features vertical, cen-tered injection nozzles, which are claimed to boost combustion efficien-cy, cleanliness and fuel economy.Weigh in some electronic fuel control and you ’ve got a tough opponent.A diesel engine ’s fuel injection sys-tem must possess several characteris-tics to deliver maximum perfor-mance. These include accurate injec-tion control, high-pressure atomiza-tion, fast fuel ignition and fuel tem-perature adjustment capability.Fuel ’s fiery entry into the cylinders in the Cummins comes via a Bosch VP44 electronic injection pump and electronically controlled timing. First,the engine is cranked up for the match with an electric-powered lift (or supply) pump. Fuel flow begins as the lift pump pulls fuel from the tank and delivers it to the injection pump.As the engine spins over, the rotary,high-pressure injection pump is driv-en at half the engine speed by a sim-ple front gear train. This simplicity helps cut operating noise.The Cummins-developed ECM re-ceives information from various sensors and controls on the engine, then trans-lates that info into specific fuel quantity and timing commands that are sent to the injection pump metering control.Note that the injection pump used on earlier (1994-98) Cummins-equipped Dodge turbo diesel pickups is a Bosch P7100 inline design —what we sometimes call the jerk pump .The cam-operated six-plunger pump in the jerk pump sends fuel to the in-jector nozzles. The newer VP44, how-ever, is a rotary job with the ability to vary fuel and injection timing basedP h o t o : P a u l W e i s s l e ron input from the ECM. This pump incorporates a fuel pump control module (FPCM), which contains fu-eling, timing and diagnostic data. The FPCM communicates with the ECM to obtain information on desired fuel-ing and timing. The FPCM responds by consulting the fueling data and timing in its memory, then commands fueling and timing solenoids.The VP44 has a fuel temperature sensor inside it. The pump also con-tains a speed sensor that gives the FPCM information on the position and speed of the pump shaft. A crank-shaft reference pulse that marks TDCof cylinder No. 1 is also sent once every pump revolution. By comparing this reference pulse from the ECM to the position signal from the speed sensor, the FPCM can reference the pump ’s position to that of the engine.This allows the FPCM to adjust pump timing to compensate for small posi-tion differences between the fuel pump shaft and the engine cam. If the difference becomes too great, a fault is logged in the FPCM.The FPCM controls the timing and fueling through two solenoids located in the pump. The timing solenoid controls the position of a cam ring in-side the pump by varying internal transfer pump pressure to a cam ring piston. The cam ring has evenly spaced lobes around its inner diame-ter. The pumping plungers ride on rollers that rotate around inside this ring. The rollers follow the inner di-ameter of the ring and push the pumping plungers inward whenever a cam lobe is encountered. This builds injection pressure on the fuel trapped between the plungers. By rotating the cam ring with the timing solenoid,the FPCM is able to advance and re-tard the injection timing by makingthe rollers contact the cam lobes ei-ther earlier or later in their rotation.As its name implies, the fuel solenoid in the pump meters fuel to the injec-tors. It does this by opening a metering valve to allow fuel from the supply pump to flow into the pumping cham-ber. Once this chamber is charged with fuel, the solenoid valve closes, trapping the fuel in the chamber and allowing injection pressure to build.The fuel is routed to the correct in-jection nozzle via the pump distributor head. A port on the distributor rotor aligns with one of the six pump dis-tributor head outlet ports to distribute fuel to a given nozzle. In the cylinder head, the high pressure opens the in-jector nozzles, allowing fuel to pass in-to the combustion chamber. Once the desired amount of fuel is injected, the solenoid valve opens, causing the pres-sure in the pumping chamber to bleed down, which ends injection. The injec-tion nozzle then snaps shut.When the high-pressure fuel reaches the nozzle, the pressure lifts the needle valve against the spring ’s preset “popping ” tension. At the de-sired pressure, the nozzle pops open to let the fuel spray into the combus-tion chamber. A minor fuel leak past the nozzle needle valve enters the fu-el drain manifold in the cylinder head. The fuel in the manifold then exits at the rear of the cylinder head and is routed to the fuel tank. Fuel return from the injection pump is al-so routed back to the tank.Breathing and BelchingBoth Cummins engines —the older Bosch-equipped P7100 and the newer VP44—feature direct injection, sans precombustion chambers. Cummins claims that direct injection produces more power than precombustion chamber-equipped engines, while lowering internal heat stresses. High compression heat and fuel swirl for good combustion develop in the pis-ton ’s symmetrical combustion bowl.In the late-model Cummins turbo diesel, the valvetrain has wider lobes on the tappet face and cam, with longer push tubes. To reduce camshaft wear, an electric lift pump eliminates the need for a mechanical lift pump lobe. The standard valve springs are compatible with engine braking equipment. Top off the en-gine with an engine-matched Holset turbocharger and wastegate and you have a unit ready to rumble. For Cummins, a no-smoke entry into the fray is gained with an Integrated Air Intake Grid Heater. Using this method, white smoke is eliminated and cold-starting is improved. After warmup, compression and combus-tion efficiencies are improved by pro-viding aftercooled air to the engine.WRESTLING WITH MODERN DIESELSFor Dodge Ram trucks, the 24-valve Cummins diesel provides improved block strength and durability, with reduced noise. Also, the water pump, oil pump, cooler housings and coolant bypass are all integrated to eliminate potential leak points.P h o t o : T h o m a s M a r c yAlso, new electronic devices allow monitoring of critical engine data and diagnostic information from the ECM.For example, with the RoadRelay 4(RR4) system, you can tap into the ECM while driving. Then if a problem develops on the road, the system will display the appropriate fault code. Al-so, RR4 can remind the driver when service is due on specific items and can record up to 12 service events.Also new for the Cummins 24-valve turbo diesel is QuickCheck II, a diag-nostic read-only application that runs on Palm devices and lets you view such items as engine sensor and diagnostic information, including boost pressure,oil pressure, fuel rate, percentage en-gine load, engine hours, output torque and intake manifold pressure. The QuickCheck II kit contains a custom data link adapter, cables, connectors and the diagnostic software applica-tion. Load the software, plug it in and you can view data in real time or download it to your shop PC.Ford’s Power StrokeFord enters the ring with an old hand, but with new tricks. In its Pow-er Stroke Garrett-turbocharged diesel, such as found in an F-250 we recently drove, a mechanical fuel pump nests in the valley behind the fuel filter with its plunger riding on a special engine cam lobe.In older models, the feed pump uses a diaphragm to draw fuel from the tank while a piston-type positive displace-ment pump increases the 4 to 6 pounds of pressure to around 50 psi, regulated by a spring and plunger in the filter housing. The 50 psi is delivered to the lower chamber inside the injector through a common rail passage in the cylinder head. The tiny fuel chamber plunger ’s oil-pressure-driven head is seven times the size of the bottom of the plunger, where the fuel is delivered.The head forms the chamber floor that receives a burst of high oil pressure.This happens as an electrical solenoid valve opens and lets the pressure in.The high oil pressure pulse drives the plunger down, multiplying the pressure by a factor of seven at the injector tip. The trapped fuel blows outthe injector tip and into the cylinder.The PCM operates the injector so-lenoids through an injector driver module. The fuel comes to the sole-noids from an injection control pres-sure sensor, a sensor in the oil rail at the front of the driver ’s side head. An injection pressure regulator (IPR)rides in the high-pressure oil pump.This pump mounts similar to the old-er-design injection pump.The fuel enters both the left and right cylinder head high-pressure feed hoses. During a cold start, the high-pressure oil pump receives unfiltered oil from the low-pressure lubrication pump through the left-side valve lifter oil galley and through the antidrainbackDiesel engines need and consume large quantities of air . Always check the airfilter and examine the manometer gauge to look for restrictions.GM growls in V8 style with the new Duramax 6600. The engine features many aluminum components and an electronic common rail fuel system.P h o t o : T h o m a s M a r c ycheck valve. Once the engine starts, or during warm engine starts, the check valve closes and the high-pressure oil pump receives filtered oil from the pump reservoir. The high-pressure pump then supplies the oil under ex-tremely high pressures through the left and right pressure rails. A relief valve in the high-pressure oil pump regulates the available pressure.The control pressure actually deliv-ered to the oil rails is regulated elec-tronically by an injector control pres-sure (ICP) regulator, controlled by the PCM. Once in the oil rail, the oil is fed to the head ’s fuel injector bores through four galleys drilled and ma-chined in the cylinder head. The high-pressure oil then activates the fuel in-jectors based on PCM commands.The GMC & Chevy T ag T eamGMC and Chevrolet enter the ring with a new 6.6-liter turbocharged diesel V8called the Duramax 6600. Although no lightweight in power, the Duramax weighs only 836 pounds. It uses alu-minum extensively in such key compo-nents as the cylinder heads, crankcase,accessory drive brackets, intake mani-fold and flywheel bellhousing. The en-gine is available in 2500 HD and 3500GMC Sierras, and in Chevrolet Silvera-do pickups and chassis cabs.The Duramax cylinder head is made of gravity-cast aluminum and has four valves per cylinder. Each fuel nozzle islocated in the center of the combustion chamber in a stainless-steel holder. The valve arrangement forms a twisting in-take airflow. The intake ports are de-signed to maximize tangential flow for optimum intake swirl. In this head, ade-quately and evenly cooling the valve seats helps minimize any change in the valve gap.The Duramax fuel system has a sup-ply pump, a function block, common rails and injectors. An eccentric shaft drives the three-plunger supply pump,which is driven at crankshaft speed. The pump ’s inlet has a gear-type feed pump and a rail pressure control valve, which is governed by a sensor attached to the function block, on the high-pressure side. The valve is controlled in response to driving conditions. Each injector has a PCM-controlled solenoid in the injec-tor ’s upper portion.According to GM, one advantage of a common rail system is that injection pressure can be raised regardless of en-gine speed. This means the size of the nozzle hole in the injector can be small,which when used in conjunction with high-pressure injection, makes for a fin-er spray and faster combustion. This, by the way, makes a good case for offering timely filter services.WRESTLING WITH MODERN DIESELSWhen servicing a diesel engine, always check the maker’s specs to see what type of oil and fuel filters the engine uses. Because of the stresses of compression-ig-nition, diesels require oil with a unique lubricationcharacter and additive package.Don’t let your customer get pinned to the mat. Battery condition is a very im-portant part of any diesel’s performance, especially during cold-weather months when glow plugs help supply initial combustion chamber heat.P h o t o s : T h o m a s M a r c yThe Duramax 6600 is a relatively high-speed engine as far as diesels go,with a rated speed of 3100 rpm. Faster combustion makes possible shorter in-jection times, which means optimum fuel economy and exhaust emissions even at those higher speeds.Using short-duration, high-pressure injection improves performance in the final exhaust emissions rounds. Howev-er, because there are higher levels of NO X (oxides of nitrogen) with high-pressure injection at the start of the process, injection timing must be re-tarded. But GM says that if the timing is retarded without pilot injection, NO X reduction is limited while particulate matter increases. GM claims that pilot injection overcomes these limitations.Injecting a very small pilot amount of fuel before TDC makes it easier for the main injection to ignite. This makes it possible to retard injection timing and reduce both NO X and particulate levels.Another benefit GM claims for pilot ignition is reduced noise. Generally,combustion noise becomes louder as in-jection pressure increases. According to GM, pilot injection makes it possible to prevent a rapid increase in injection pressure during main injection, which greatly reduces diesel knock.The engine management system and control module of the Duramax are ba-sically the same as with gasoline en-gines, with vehicle-related control items also being similar. However, the com-mon rail system required developingnew software for diesel injection control items. Other new software was devel-oped for self-diagnostic items, such as injection volume, injection timing, pilot injection control, rail pressure control and injector dwell. The ECM drives the injectors by way of an electronic driver unit (EDU), which also senses and ig-nores abnormal injection requests. The engine management system also per-forms all OBD II functions.In servicing these new diesel engines,you can easily see that a technician first needs to know the basic operation of these “oil-burners.” But he must also know the quirks applicable to each powerplant. Also, training in the DTCs that an ECM/PCM can throw into the ring becomes very important.You ’d be well-advised to get a ring-side seat and do some serious manual studying on the art of diesel wrestling.Who knows? You could be called on forthe next match!Always check for proper turbocharger and wastegate function. Although tucked far beneath the cowl on this Ford pickup truck, a simple vacuum pump test can reveal a wastegate servo knocked out of the match.With a stumbling Cummins-equipped Dodge, some technicians crack open an in-jection nozzle line to check for cylinder power output. Instead, we suggest using a contact pyrometer on the exhaust manifold to isolate the offending cylinder .。
潍柴发动机常见故障及维修
配气机构
气门： ❖ 进气门材料为铬铜矾钢，头部直径φ55mm，杆部表面镀铬。 ❖ 排气门由两种耐高温材料摩擦焊接而成，阀面堆焊斯太立合金F（P37），阀
头部直径φ50mm，阀杆表面镀铬。
凸轮轴： ❖ 材料为高碳钢，有七道轴承，轴径皆为φ60mm，进气凸轮和排气凸轮的型
线是按多项动力修正计算设计的，整体式的摇臂轴和座，整个配气机构刚度 较高，配气机构的润滑比较充分，机油通过挺筒孔中的小斜油孔从主轴承座 引油，当挺筒工作面上凹槽与油孔相接时机油从挺杆筒支承面中心通孔空心 推杆和空心摇臂螺钉到摇臂轴承，另外有部分润滑油经摇臂顶部线槽去润滑 摇臂头部。采用气门旋转机构，以确保气门的密封性与磨损均匀性。 ❖ 气门工作间隙冷态时进气0.3mm,排气0.4mm. ❖ 气门间隙测量，应在气门摇臂头部R面与气门杆端或气门杆帽之间的间隙， 通过调整摇臂上调整螺栓来达到。 ❖ 拆装后或二级以上保养中，都应检查气门间隙，检查时应保证气门处在完全 关闭状态。
15
马
二、WD615系列柴油机结构和装配特点
马
正时齿轮室
❖ 1、用高强度灰铸铁制造，整个结构具有较高的强度和刚度。正时齿轮室上 部安装水泵，水泵的蜗壳和正时齿轮室铸成一体，水泵出水口在正时齿轮 室背面，正对机体前端的进水口。正时齿轮室的左右两侧有柴油机的前支 承法兰面。安装正时齿轮室时，需在机休和齿轮室接合面上涂乐泰510胶。
马
WD615柴油机配气机构（二）
凸轮轴
挺柱
挺杆
9
马
一、潍柴WD系列柴油机基本知识
马
WD615柴油机配气机构（三）
进气门摇臂
排气门 排气门摇臂
进气门
挺柱 气门调解螺钉
10
马
潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册1：潍柴发动机主要结构介绍
潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册1：潍柴发动机主要结构介绍
潍柴发动机维修专用工具手册1——潍柴发动机主要结构介绍：气缸体、曲轴箱、气缸盖。
气缸体、曲轴箱
机体从主轴承孔中心分为两部分，上部分为气缸体，下部为曲轴箱。
曲轴箱与7件主轴承一起构成一个刚性很好的整体式框架。
在框架与气缸体之间没有垫片，装配时在气缸体底平面涂以乐泰510号密封胶。
气缸体与曲轴箱之间除用14个主轴承螺栓（M18）紧固外，两侧还有24个（M8）螺栓将其形成一个良好的刚性结构。
采用了相当紧凑的等气缸中心距和薄壁干式气缸套。
机体前视左侧有前后贯穿的主油道。
右侧有副油道，有6个冷却喷嘴与之联通，用于喷油冷却活塞。
主轴瓦为薄壁、表面有减磨镀层的合金瓦。
气缸盖
气缸盖采用四气门结构，低涡流比。
是一缸一盖结构的六面加工体，进排气道分布于两侧。
每个气缸盖上有4根M14的气缸盖主螺栓及4根M12×1.5的与临缸共用的双头螺柱，副螺母通过具有V型压紧面的压紧块压紧，在两端头处采用悬挂式压紧块。
气缸盖主螺栓及副螺母均用转角扭紧法拧紧。
气缸盖上喷油器竖直安装在进排气门之间位置。
气缸垫是钢板式结构，允许重复使用，但要认真检查，如有损坏，应予以更新。
气缸盖、气缸垫与机体都分别有定位，安装时予以注意！
配套潍柴发动机维修专用工具：
潍柴发动机维修专用工具——TZ100102缸套拔出器
潍柴发动机维修专用工具——TZ100122缸套压入工具。
潍柴发动机专用维修工具说明书1
目录一. 说明 (3)二．发动机专用维修工具 (4)1. 连接板定位器（WPT001） (4)2. 喷油器拆卸器（WPT002） (4)3. 转换手柄（WPT003） (8)4. 活塞安装锥套（WPT004） (5)5. 液压挺柱安装器（WPT005） (5)6. 前油封安装器（WPT006） (6)7. 后油封安装器（WPT007） (7)8. 气缸套拆卸器（WPT008） (7)9. 气缸套安装器（WPT009） (9)10. 气门油封安装器（WPT010） (8)11. 气门弹簧压缩器（WPT011） (9)12. 涡轮增压机油接口拆装器（WPT012） (10)13. 铜锤（WPT013） (10)14. 卡簧钳（WPT014） (11)一、说明适当的维修方法和正确的修理程序对所有发动机和操作人员都是安全和可靠的。
维修的程序、技术和所使用的专用工具及零部件是多种多样的，维修人员的技能也是不尽相同的，所以本专用工具说明未能对所有工具提供详细的说明或冲突之处，请参照维修手册进行。
在维修柴油机零配件时须知：本公司柴油机产品，是高性能的柴油机，用户在维修时请按照柴油机零件图册和维修手册的诸项要求进行工作。
用户在维修时购买有关零配件，必须采用主机厂鉴定认可的产品，以确保其性能及可靠性。
警告：●维修时禁止吸烟。
●为避免严重灼伤，不要触碰任何高温金属表面。
●关闭点火开关，操作规程规定的除外。
●发动机须在通风良好的区域工作。
●避免在发动机工作时拆卸零部件。
●操作时必须戴安全防护眼镜。
二. 发动机专用维修工具1. 连接板定位器（WPT001），如图1配套使用工具：无用途：给连接板做定位。
操作方法：如图2把连接板定位器（WPT001）插入图中箭头所指处，进行连接板的定位。
图1 连接板定位器图22. 喷油器拆卸器（WPT002），如图3配套使用工具：转换手柄（WPT003）用途：拆卸喷油器。
操作方法：如图4把转换手柄（WPT003）的螺纹接头旋入喷油器拆卸器（WPT002）的螺纹孔中，然后把喷油器拆卸器（WPT002）套在喷油器上，手握转换手柄（WPT003）向上提出喷油器。
潍道汽车修理手册说明书
IndexAccessory (Ignition KeyPosition) ...................................... 40AccessoriesElectronic .................................... 40Installation ................................ 100AddingAutomatic TransmissionFluid........................................ 138Brake Fluid................................ 140Clutch Fluid .............................. 141Engine Coolant.......................... 131Engine Oil.................................. 127Manual Transmission Fluid .... 139Windshield Washer fluid.......... 137Additives, Engine Oil .................. 128AdjustmentsMirrors ........................................ 47Seats ............................................ 44Steering Wheel............................ 35Adult Safety Belt Usage .................. 6Air Bag (SRS).................................. 12Air Cleaner.................................... 142Air Conditioning ............................ 54Maintenance (152)Usage............................................ 54Air Outlets (Vents) ........................ 59Air Pressure, Tires........................ 154Air Pump........................................ 177Alarm, Anti-theft.............................. 86Alcohol and Drugs.......................... 15Alcohol in Gasoline ........................ 91Aluminum Wheels, Cleaning ...... 169Antifreeze ...................................... 131Anti-lock BrakesDescription ................................ 210Operation.................................... 113Warning Light............................ 113Anti-theft Steering Column Lock .. 40Anti-theft System ............................ 86Appearance Care .......................... 167Ashtray ............................................ 50Audio System .................................. 64Automatic Car Washes ................ 187Automatic Climate ControlSystem.......................................... 54Automatic Speed Control .............. 36Automatic Transmission.............. 111Capacity, Fluid .......................... 208Checking Fluid Level................ 138Shifting .. (108)Automatic TransmissionShift Lock Release .................... 111Shift Position Indicator (108)Baby, Holding A.............................. 10Backup Lamp Replacement ........ 162BatteryCharging System WarningLight.......................................... 23Jump Starting ............................ 190Maintenance .............................. 147Specifications ............................ 209Before Driving ................................ 89Belts, Seat.......................................... 6Body Repair .................................. 173Brakes............................................ 112Anti-lock System........................ 113Break-in, New Linings ................ 91Fluid............................................ 140Light, Burned-out...................... 162Parking ........................................ 49System Light................................ 23Wear Indicators, Disc .. (112)CONTINUEDIndexBrakes, Anti-lockDescription ................................ 210Operation .................................. 113Indicator Light .......................... 113Braking System ............................ 112Break-in, New Car .......................... 91Brightness Control, Instruments ..31Brights, Headlights ........................ 30Bulb Replacement........................ 158Back-up Lights .......................... 162Brake Lights .............................. 162Courtesy Lights ........................ 164Headlights.................................. 158License Plate Lights.................. 163Parking Lights .......................... 160Side Marker Lights .................. 161Specifications ............................ 209Turn Signal Lights .................... 160Bulbs, Halogen (158)Cables, Jump Starting With ........ 189Capacities Chart............................ 208Carbon Monoxide in Exhaust .... 213Cargo, Loading.............................. 101Car Seats For Children .................... 9Cassette PlayerCare .............................................. 77Operation...................................... 69Catalytic Converter ...................... 215CAUTION, Explanation of .............. ii Certification Label........................ 206Chains............................................ 157Change OilHow To ...................................... 129When To .................................... 121Changing A Flat Tire.................... 176Changing Engine Coolant............ 132Charging System Light.................. 23Check Engine Light........................ 24CheckingAutomatic Transmission Fluid. 138Battery Condition...................... 147Brake Fluid ................................ 140Clutch Fluid (141)CheckingEngine Belts .............................. 153Engine Coolant.......................... 131Engine Oil.................................. 127Fuses .......................................... 197Manual Transmission Fluid .... 139Checklist, Before Driving ............ 104Child Restraints ................................ 9Cigarette Lighter ............................ 50CLEAN Light .................................. 77Cleaner, Air.................................... 142Cleaning ........................................ 167Aluminum Wheels .................... 169Exterior ...................................... 168Interior........................................ 171Seat Belts........................................ 8Vinyl............................................ 171Climate Control System ................ 54Clock, Setting The .......................... 48Clutch Fluid .................................. 141CO In The Exhaust ...................... 213Cold Weather, Starting In............ 106Compact (Folding) Spare ............ 186Consumer Information ................ 219Controls, Instruments And ............19IndexCoolantAdding........................................ 131Checking.................................... 131Proper solution.......................... 131Temperature Gauge.................... 27Courtesy Lights .............................. 51Crankcase Emission ControlSystem........................................ 213Cruise Control Operation .............. 36Customer Relations Office . (219)DANGER, Explanation of ................ ii Dashboard ...................................... 21Dead Battery, What To Do .......... 189Defects, Reporting Safety .............. 17Defogger, Rear Window ................ 34Defrosting The Windows .............. 61Dexron II Automatic Transmission Fluid............................................ 138Dimensions.................................... 208Dimming The Headlights .............. 30DipstickAutomatic Transmission .......... 138Engine Oil. (127)Directional Signals.......................... 32Disabled, Towing Your Car If...... 202Disc Brake Wear Indicators ........ 112Disposal Of Used Oil.................... 130Do Not Tow A Trailer .................. 117DoorsLocking and Unlocking .............. 41Lockout Prevention .................... 42Monitor Light.............................. 24Power Door Locks ...................... 41DOT Tire Quality Grading .......... 156Downshifting, 5-speedTransmission ............................ 107Driving .......................................... 103Economy ...................................... 99In A Foreign Country.................. 92In Bad Weather.. (116)Economy, Fuel................................ 99Emergencies On The Road.......... 175Battery, Jump Starting .............. 189Changing A Flat Tire ................ 176Charging System Light ............ 195Checking The Fuses ................ 197Manually Opening TheHeadlights.............................. 196LOW Oil Pressure Light .......... 194Overheated Engine .................. 192Emergency Brake .......................... 49Emergency Flashers ...................... 34Emission Controls ........................ 213EngineCheck Light.................................. 24Compartment, CheckingIn The........................................ 93Coolant Temperature Gauge...... 27Oil Pressure Gauge .................... 27Oil Pressure Light ...................... 23Oil, What Kind To Use.............. 128Overheating (192)CONTINUEDIndexEngineSpecifications ............................ 209Engine Cover, Opening The.......... 93Ethanol In Gasoline........................ 91Evaporative Emission Controls ..213Exhaust Fumes .............................. 16Exhaust Gas Recirculation .......... 214Expectant Mothers, Use of SeatBelts By........................................ 11Exterior, Cleaning The . (168)Fabric, Cleaning............................ 171Fan, Interior .................................... 62Fan, Radiator ................................ 177Features, Comfort AndConveniences .............................. 53Filling The Gas Tank...................... 92FiltersAir................................................ 142Fuel ............................................ 144Oil................................................ 129First Gear, Shifting ...................... 1075-Speed TransmissionChecking Fluid Level (139)5-Speed TransmissionShifting The................................ 107Flashers, Hazard Warning ............ 34Flat Tire, Changing A .................. 176FluidsAutomatic Transmission .......... 138Brake .......................................... 140Clutch ........................................ 141Manual Transmission .............. 139Windshield Washer .................. 137FM Stereo Radio Reception .......... 68Folding Spare Tire ........................ 186Foreign Countries, Driving In ...... 92Four-way Flashers .......................... 34Front End, Towing By Emergency Wrecker...................................... 202Fuel .................................................. 91Filler Door And Cap.................... 93Filter .......................................... 144Gauge............................................ 28Octane Requirement .................. 91Reserve Indicator........................ 26Tank, Filling The ........................ 92Fuses, Checking The (197)Gas Mileage, Improving ................ 99Gas Station Procedures.................. 92Gasohol............................................ 91Gasoline .......................................... 91Containing Alcohol...................... 91Filter............................................ 144Fuel Reserve Indicator................ 26Gauge............................................ 28Octane Requirement .................. 91Tank, Filling The ........................ 92Gauges ............................................ 27Engine Coolant Temperature .... 27Engine Oil Pressure.................... 27Fuel .............................................. 28Voltmeter...................................... 28Gearshift Lever PositionsAutomatic Transmission .......... 1085-speed Transmission .............. 107Glass Cleaning .............................. 171Glove Box........................................43IndexHalogen Headlight Bulbs ............ 158Hazard Warning Flashers.............. 34HeadlightsEmergency Operation,Manual.................................... 196High Beam Indicator .................. 26High Beams, Turning On .......... 30Low Beams, Turning On ............ 30Monitor, Bulb .............................. 24Reminder Chime ........................ 30Replacing Halogen Bulbs ........ 158Turning On .................................. 30Heating And Air ConditioningSystem.......................................... 54High Altitude, Starting At............ 106High-Low Beam Switch.................. 30High Speed, Shifting At................ 108Holding A Baby .............................. 10Hood, Opening The ........................ 97Horn ................................................ 39Hot Coolant, Warning About ...... 131Hydraulic Clutch .......................... 141Hydroplaning .. (117)Identification Number, Vehicle .. 206If Your Car Has To Be Towed .... 202IgnitionKeys.............................................. 39Switch .......................................... 40Timing Control System ............ 214Indicator Lights, InstrumentPanel ............................................ 22Infant Restraint.................................. 9Inflation, Proper Tire.................... 153Inside Mirror .................................. 46Inspection, Tire ............................ 154Instrument Panel............................ 21Instrument Panel Brightness ........ 31Interior Cleaning .......................... 171Interior Lights ................................ 51Introduction .. (i)Jack, Tire........................................ 177Jacking Up The Car...................... 179Jump Starting .. (190)Keys (39)Label, Certification........................ 206Lane Change, Signaling ................ 32Lap/Shoulder Belts.......................... 6Leaking Of Exhaust Into Car ........ 16Lighter, Cigarette............................ 50LightsBulb Replacement .................... 158Courtesy ...................................... 51Indicator ...................................... 22Parking ........................................ 30Turn Signal .................................. 32Loading Cargo .............................. 101Lock (Ignition Key Position) ........ 40Locks................................................ 41Anti-theft Steering Column ........ 40Fuel Filler Door .......................... 92Glove Box .................................... 43Power Door. (41)CONTINUED。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
6 发动机维护保养 ........................................................................................................ 100 6.1 发动机各系统维护保养要求 .......................................................................................... 100 6.2 潍柴天然气发动机燃气电控部件维护规范 .............................................................................. 102 6.3 发动机日常操作要求 ................................................................................................ 104
2 天然气发动机工作原理 .................................................................................................. 5 2.1 概述 ................................................................................................................ 5 2.2 潍柴天然气发动机与柴油机区别 ......................................................................................... 5 2.3 天然气发动机的燃烧特性 .............................................................................................. 5 2.4 潍柴天然气发动机产品特点............................................................................................. 7
潍柴天然气发动机维修手册
4 潍柴天然气发动机软件安装及使用......................................................................................... 27 4.1 术语 ............................................................................................................... 27 4.2 诊断软件安装 ....................................................................................................... 28 4.3 TOOLKIT 数据文件.................................................................................................... 34 4.4 TOOLKIT 软件与 ECU 的连接 ............................................................................................ 35 4.5 ECU 数据刷写........................................................................................................ 38 4.6 故障诊断软件的使用 ................................................................................................. 44 4.7 无工具诊断 ......................................................................................................... 53
5 故障案例分析............................................................................................................ 55 5.1 故障代码描述....................................................................................................... 55 5.2 故障案例汇总分析 .................................................................................................. 73 5.2.1 发动机无法启动................................................................................................ 73 5.2.2发动机启动困难 ................................................................................................ 81 5.2.3发动机自动熄火 ................................................................................................ 83 5.2.4 发动机动力不足 ............................................................................................... 85 5.2.5 发动机怠速不稳 ............................................................................................... 94 5.2.6 发动机放炮 ................................................................................................... 96 5.2.7 发动机气耗高 ................................................................................................. 97 5.2.8 发动机反水 ................................................................................................... 97 5.2.9 排气制动失效 ................................................................................................. 99