2020届高三英语二轮专题复习学案：阅读中的常见词汇 妙招5 熟词僻义分组记单词
2020年高考英语二轮复习专题阅读理解
专题阅读理解高中英语教学大纲明确规定“侧重提高阅读能力”，这为我们的备考指明了方向。
分析近几年的高考英语试题，我们不难看出，阅读理解是高考试题中难度最大，区分度最高的题型，自始至终占据着主导地位。
阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能，它不仅考查对语篇的整体把握能力，而且考查快速捕捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力。
不仅要准确理解文章表层的意思，还要通过表层去推理、判断。
除此之外，还涉及非语言因素，如：对所学语言国家的社会和文化背景知识的掌握、生活常识、逻辑知识和语言修养等。
Ⅰ.阅读理解题策略一、先看题干，带着问题读文章。
即先看试题，再读文章。
阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。
其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。
二、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40词左右。
必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
速读全文对于主旨大意题的解决尤其有效，能快速抓住主干，确定好答案。
三、详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。
文章绝不是互不相干的句子的堆砌。
作者为文，有脉可循。
如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；议论文则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。
四、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
深层理解主要包括归纳概括题(中心思想，加标题等)和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。
深层理解是一种创造性的思维活动。
它必须忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知推断未知，不能凭空想像，随意揣测；读者要对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。
推理题在提问中常用的词有：conclude，infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
2020年英语高考二轮复习专题：阅读理解技巧
方法探究
解题思路： 21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?.
A. A type of art.
B. A teenager's studio.
阅读首段 了解体裁，主关旨键大词意 C. A great teacher.
• 间接理解题---语义转换题（该题型内容的丰富性 对学生平日的英语词汇、语句积累提出了更高的 要求 ）---- 利用同义转换的方式
2019·全国卷II，A
Gone Girl Gillian Fynn There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable
阅读标题、首段，了解主旨大意
Animals Out of Paper Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami(折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.
高考英语常见熟词生义知识清单-高三英语二轮复习
2024年高考英语常见熟词生义1.run 熟义：v. 跑，奔跑生义：v. 经营，管理He has no idea how to run a pany.生义：v. 运行，运转There are too many programs running on your puter.生义：v. 发表，刊登Fitness magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” (2022年新高考I卷）2.develop 熟义：v. 成长，发展生义：v. 开发，研制In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a oneoff treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. (2020年全国I卷）生义：v. 患（病）；出现（问题）She developed lung cancer at the age of sixty.The car developed engine trouble and we had to stop.3.drive 熟义：v. 驾驶生义：v. 迫使，驱使It will drive us crazy. (2020年全国I卷）生义：v. 驱赶，赶走The enemy was driven back.4.cover 熟义：v. 遮盖，覆盖 n. 封面，封皮生义：v. 包含，包括The article cover a wide range of subjects.生义：v. 占（一片面积）；行走（一段路程）The reserve covers an area of around 180 square kilometers.By sunset we had covered thirty miles.生义：n. 翻唱（歌曲）He became famous for his covers of classic country songs.5.entry 熟义：n. 进入生义：n. 参赛作品The winning entries will be published in next month’s magazine.6.float 熟义：v. 浮动，漂浮生义：v.提出，建议They floated the idea of increased taxes on alcohol.7.absorb 熟义：v. 吸收（液体，气体，光，热等）生义：v. 消化，吸收，理解（to take something into the mind and learn or understand it）It took me several days to absorb the fact of her death.It’s a lot of knowledge to absorb all at once.生义：be absorbed in 全神贯注于，专心于Hours turned into minutes as he was absorbed in his research.8.wander 熟义：v.闲逛；游荡She wandered aimlessly around the streets.她在大街上漫无目的地到处游荡。
2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解考纲导读、解题技巧及命题趋势
2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解【考纲导读】高考英语全国卷明确要求考生具备以下能力：1.理解文章主旨要义。
2.理解文中具体信息3.根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义4.根据所读内容作出判断和推理5.理解文章的基本结构6.理解作者的意图、观点和态度【考情回顾】近几年高考全国卷阅读理解考查情况如下：年份数量类别2017-2019年，全国卷阅读理解考点统计分布情况考点2017年2018年2019年共计全国卷一全国卷二全国卷一全国卷二全国卷一全国卷二细节理解8 6 6 9 6 5 40 推理判断 5 5 5 3 5 6 29 主旨大意 2 2 1 2 1 2 10 词意猜测 2 1 1 1 1 2 8【命题趋势和规律】研究近几年高考试题可以发现，高考阅读理解设置的问题往往反映了一篇文章的主要信息和脉络，命题者通常从以下几个维度设题：1.段首、段尾句：第一段首句或末段末句往往反映了文章的主题或中心思想；某一段的段首句或段尾句往往是该段的主题句。
因此，命题者一般针对它们设置主旨大意题目。
2.转折、对比处：一般来说，表示转折意义的信号词but、however、yet、on the contrary、in fact或体现对比关系的提示词unlike、while等后的内容往往是表意重点。
因此，命题者常常抓住这一特点设置推理判断、观点态度等题目。
3.引用人物论断处：为了表达自己的观点或使论点更有说服力，作者常常引用他人的论断或重要发现进行证明。
命题者常常针对它们设置推理判断题目。
4.体现因果关系处：命题者常常针对体现因果关系的because、for、since、now that、as a result、consequently、result in、result from等信号词设置细节理解、推理判断、观点态度题目。
5.举例子、打比方处：为了使自己的观点更有说服力，作者常常采用举例子或打比方等方法。
命题者常常抓住for example、for instance、such as、as等设置意图态度、推理判断等题目。
2020届高三英语二轮备考复习策略(共59张PPT)教案资料
备扎实的基础知识；适当单句训练与短文训 练相结合。 5. 写作：分类训练，多给范文，指导写法。当 堂写,当堂批。
高考复习态度
不盲目预测 不投机取巧 不急功近利
仔细规划 踏实复习 认真监督
写作
应用文写作 读后续写
书面表达（写作）
向学生讲解的文体（如书信、便条、请假条、日 记、倡议书、发言稿等）或题型（如人物描写、方 位描写等）的写作模式。指导写作后进行批改讲评。
最后一个月，每周两篇写作，当堂完成一篇，课 下练习一篇。
审题
作文 构思 训练 排列 步骤 修饰
验收
参观
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
确立体裁和结构 堆砌词汇和句型 排列顺序连词成句 修饰从句完美首尾 检查拼写核实标点 分析范文挑拣美句
两个月
段
一个月
二轮
语法专项训练 题型专项训练 阅读 完型 语法填空 写作
第二阶段针对语法专项、高考题型进 行专题训练。
二轮复习时，要建构知识网络，按照
高考题型有计划的专题专练，提高自己 分析问题和解决问题的能力。
专项训练，提升思维品质
高考前的三个月是学生英语水平提高最快的 阶段。经过前段的复习和积累，学生已比较扎实 地掌握了学科基础知识。在最后冲刺阶段能否抓 住机会，成功实现从语言知识到应用能力的转化、 提高应试能力，将直接决定高考英语的成败。
旨在测试考生的英语书面表达 能力，检查其是否能够运用学过 的英语知识和掌握的写作技能进 行思想交流。
1.高考书面表达以应用文为主，实用类作文成为发展趋 势。根据统计表可知，应用文在高考试题中占有绝对的 优势。学以致用，这是学习英语的根本目的。因此，从 命题上看，以考查考生英语实际应用能力为主的应用文 就成了书面表达的主要考查体裁。在以后的高考英语书 面表达中，各种类型的应用文(尤其是书信，如申请信、 建议信、感谢信、道歉信、邀请信等)仍将是主要的考查 体裁。
高三英语二轮复习阅读理解同义替换词汇清单
高考阅读理解法宝同义替换1.同义替换(1)名词①担忧:worry→concern②建议:suggestion→proposal③影响:influence→impact④目标:target→goal, aim, purpose⑤难题:problem→issue⑥机会:chance→opportunity⑦垃圾:litter→rubbish; garbage; trash⑧发展: development→advance, progress, growth, improvement⑨住所:house→shelter⑩困难:difficulty→barrier, challenge, trouble⑪人:people→individual, person, human⑫优势:advantage→virtue, benefit, strength⑬老人:old people→the aged, the elderly, the senior⑭缺陷:disadvantage→drawback, weakness⑮干旱:with no rain at all→drought⑯方法:method→way, approach⑰地区:district→zone, place, region, area⑱财富,财产:wealth→fortune, property⑲高速公路:expressway→freeway⑳原因:reason→factor㉑故事:tale→story㉒好运:luck→fortune㉓渴望:eagerness→desire㉔联系;关联:connection→link㉕革新:revolution→innovation㉖画像:picture→image㉗高兴:joy→entertainment㉘短缺:shortage→lack(2)动词①减轻:ease→relieve②提倡:propose→advocate③讨厌:hate→dislike, be fed up with, be bored with④鼓励,激发:encourage→motivate⑤对……感兴趣:be interested in→be caught up in, be crazy about, be fond of, be attracted to⑥阻止:prevent→stop⑦充分利用:make full use of→make the most/best of, take advantage of⑧相似:look like→resemble⑨完成:acplish→achieve, finish⑩抵挡:stand up to→resist, oppose⑪处理:deal with→handle⑫采取措施:take action→take measures, take steps ⑬加速:speed up→accelerate⑭出发去某地:set off for→head for, leave for⑮降低至:fall to→decline to, decrease to, drop to ⑯要求:request→demand, require⑰消除:clear→remove⑱确保:ensure→guarantee, make sure⑲给予:give→offer, provide, supply⑳保持:keep→maintain㉑导致:lead to→cause, give rise to, result in, bring ㉒暴露:reveal→expose㉓提高:improve→enhance, promote㉔改变:change→transform㉕与⋯⋯有联系:connect with→associate with㉖建立:build→establish, set up㉗得到:get→acquire, obtain, receive, earn㉘拥有:have→possess, own㉙感谢:thank→appreciate㉚表达:express→convey㉛解决:solve→deal with, resolve㉜帮助:help→assist, aid㉝确信:make sure→ensure㉞认为:think→consider, believe, insist, hold㉟损害:damage→hurt, injure, harm, destroy㊱保护:protect→secure, preserve㊲致力于:be devoted to→be mitted to㊳展示:show→reveal, illustrate, present㊴允许某人做某事:give sb. permission to do sth.→allow sb. to do sth.㊵预订:book→reserve㊶推迟:put off→delay㊷转换:switch→transform, shift㊸禁止:forbid→ban, prohibit㊹区分:tell sth./sb. apart→distinguish㊺由⋯⋯构成:be made up of→be posed of, consist of㊻维持:sustain→support, maintain㊼承担责任:shoulder/undertake one's duty→be responsible for, take responsibility ㊽增加:be on the rise→increase, multiply㊾尽力做某事:do sth. to the best of one's ability→try one's best to do sth. , spare no effort to do sth., make every effort to do sth.㊿专心致志于:put one’s heart into→be absorbed in, be bent on, be buried in51.发生:take place→occur52.坚持:stick to→persevere53.计划:plan→intend54.促使:contribute→push, drive55.重建:rebuild→restart56.把……归咎于:put... down to→blame57.更关心:cake more about→pay close attention to58.容纳:acmodate→hold59.希望:want→desire60.减少:reduce→cut, save61.开设:start→run62.集中(注意力):concentrate→focus(3)形容词①乏味的:boring→dull, tiresome②害怕的:afraid→frightened, scared③出名的:famous→wellknown④显然的:obvious→apparent, evident, clear⑤严重的:serious→severe⑥有益的: useful→helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding⑦新的:new→fresh, brand new, novel⑧粗鲁的:rude→impolite⑨怀疑的:doubtful→skeptical⑩快速的:fast→speedy⑪最便宜的:the least expensive→the cheapest⑫许多:many→a sea of, an ocean of, abundant, numerous ⑬巨大的:big→enormous, vast, massive, huge⑭聪明的:clever→smart, gifted, sharpminded⑮好的:good→fantastic, outstanding, remarkable⑯穷的:in poverty→poor, needy⑰悲伤的:sad→depressed, frustrated, disappointed⑱重要的:important→significant, essential, critical, vital, crucial ⑲基本的:fundamental→basic, essential⑳神圣的:sacred→holy㉑充足的; 富裕的: rich →plentiful, generous, abundant㉒少量的:a small number of →a handful of㉓主要的:primary→main㉔合理的:reasonable→sensible, sound㉕勇敢的:brave→fearless, courageous㉖开心的:happy→cheerful, delightful, thrilled㉗艰难的:difficult→tough, challenging㉘有害的:harmful→damaging㉙传统的:traditional→conventional㉚生气的:angry→annoyed㉛最初的:initial→original㉜疲劳的:worn→tired, exhausted㉝普通的;平常的:ordinary→mon㉞惊奇的:surprised→amazed㉟进一步的:followup→next㊱棘手的:tough→plex(4)副词①非常:very→extremely, intensely②最后:finally→eventually, ultimately③起先:firstly→originally, initially④大约:approximately→almost, about, around, nearly, roughly⑤肯定地:certainly→definitely, undoubtedly, obviously, apparently⑥经常,总是:frequently→constantly, always⑦立刻:right now→immediately, shortly, right away⑧事实上:as a matter of fact→practically, in practice, in reality, in effect, in fact⑨平稳地:steadily→smoothly⑩决不,从不:never→on no account, at no time, under no circumstances⑪偶尔,有时:now and then→at times, occasionally⑫很少:rarely→seldom⑬每天:day in and day out→every day⑭缓慢地,轻微地:slightly→slowly, mildly, gently⑮仅仅:only→merely⑯完全地:totally→absolutely, pletely⑰目前:at present→nowadays, recently⑱急剧地:dramatically→sharply(5)其他替换①我认为:in my opinion→personally, from my perspective②关于:with regard to→as for③虽然:despite/regardless of the fact that→although/though ④同时:at the same time →meanwhile, in the meantime⑤因为:on account of the fact that→because⑥对比:on the other hand→by contrast, on the contrary⑦此外:in addition→besides, furthermore, moreover。
2020届高三英语二轮复习备考策略课件
三年一卷和山东模考阅读量：
山东模考： 1921 2019 一卷 ：1975 2018一卷: 2035 2017一卷: 1980
阅 读关 之 阅读 理 解
应对策略一：严格的限时训练 建议时间分配： 阅读：32 完形: 12 填空：6 应用文:15 续写:35
高考英语二轮复习阅读中的常见词汇妙招3逆序归类一语记单词学案
高考英语二轮复习阅读中的常见词汇妙招3逆序归类一语记单词学案[词组1]traffic n．交通(量)，来往车辆specific adj. 详细而精确的；特殊的scientific adj. 科学(上)的；科学性的Upon specific request, they used scientific methods to collect traffic data at the specific hour.依照明确的要求，他们使用了科学的方法来收集特定时间的交通数据。
[词组2]panic n．&v.惶恐；惊恐；恐慌；使恐慌；使惊慌失措picnic n．野餐，郊游v. (去)野餐clinic n. 诊所；临床讲课The sudden earthquake ruined the doctor's picnic plan and he had to hide in the panic room in his clinic.突如其来的地震毁了这名医生的野餐计划，他不得不待在诊所的紧急避难室里。
[词组3]energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的sympathetic adj. 同情的；有同情心的；合适的enthusiastic adj. 狂热的；热烈的；热心的The teachers are very enthusiastic about the proposal put forward by the energetic students who are sympathetic with environmentalism.老师们对于那些由精力充沛的学生提出的支持环境保护主义的建议非常热心。
[词组4]plastic n．(pl.) 塑料(制品)adj. 塑料(制)的，可塑的fantastic adj. 幻想的；异想天开的；极好的Fifty years ago, it was still a fantastic idea for people to pay with a microchipped plastic card.五十年前，用一张装有微型芯片的塑料卡片来付钱还是一个异想天开的想法。
高三英语二轮复习阅读理解猜词口诀加习题学案
猜词口诀+练习例1：Other studies support the idea that the bird brain can, in principle, support the development of higher intelligence. It had been dismissed in the past due to the small size of birds’ brains. But recent research has shown that in birds, the neurons (神经元) are smaller and more tightlypacked.1.What does the underlined word “it〞refer to?A.The ideaB. The bird brainC. The developmentD. Higher intelligence例2：Aerogels are one of the world’s lightest solid materials. Often called “frozen smoke〞, they are made by removing the liquid from a gel(胶) and replacing it with air. They have many scientific uses, but one of their special properties is the ability to conduct electric currents, which makes them an important part of supercapacitors.2.What does the underlined word “them〞refer to?A.aerogelsB. scientific usesC. propertiesD. electric current例3：…She was remended light therapy(疗法), which involved sitting in front of a light box as well as going outside during daylight hours. This is believed to help anyone who is affected by the winter depression.Although having more light is an obvious cure, antidepressants can help those with more severe depression by artificially raising the amount of serotonin(血清素) in the brain.3.What does the underlined word “antidepressants〞refer to?A.doctorsB. plantsC. medicinesD. good habits例4：As they grew more mobile(好动的), we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they’d get up to mischief. We’d e down in the morning to find they’d turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.〔2019年全国Ⅰ卷〕4.What does the underlined words “get up to mischief〞mean in paragraph 3?A. lose their wayB. sleep soundlyC. behave badlyD. miss their mom例5：Earlier studies have shown that cats can tell familiar and unfamiliar human voices apart, and locate hidden objects. Therefore, “it seems plausible that cats should be able to mentally map others’ locations based on sounds,〞the researchers explains.〔2023长沙雅礼中学月考〕5.What does the underlined word “plausible〞probably mean?A.doubtful.B. surprising.C. reasonable.D. unbelievable例6：According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating panions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoideating with heavier people who order large portions (份), it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.〔2020山东新高考Ⅰ卷〕6.What does the underlined word “beanpoles〞refer to?A. big eatersB. overweight personsC. picky eatersD. tall thin persons例7：But he’s nervous. “I’m here to tell you today why you should… should…〞Chris trips on the “ld,〞a pronunciation difficulty for many nonnative English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “…V ote for …me…〞. Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. 〔2019年全国Ⅰ卷〕7.What does the underlined word “stumbles〞refer to?A. improper pauses.B. bad manners.C. spelling mistakes.D. silly jokes.例8 When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the everincreasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat. 〔2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷〕8.What does the underlined word “decimate〞mean in the first paragraph?A. acquire.B. export.C. destroy.D. distribute.例9 When Masqsood and Iftekhar began to study the problem of all the uncollected rubbish that lay in Dhaka’s streets, attracting rats and disease, they discovered that 80% of it was natural waste. So they educated the poor people in the city to post (把……制成堆肥) this waste. They knew that they would have a market for the end product because local farmers were struggling with chemical fertilisers (化肥) which were expensive and had reduced the natural minerals in the soil over the years. At first, they were refused, but once they were able to persuade them that there was money to be made, the project took off. In 2009 sales were $14,000.9.The underlined word “them〞in Paragraph 3 probably refers to “ 〞.A. the local farmersB. Masqsood and IftekharC. Drayton and his teamD. the poor people in Dhaka【答案】AACCC DACD。
高三二轮复习英语学法指导
高三二轮复习英语学法指导一、词汇记忆技巧词汇是英语学习的基础，二轮复习阶段需要特别注意词汇的积累和记忆。
以下是一些词汇记忆技巧：1. 分组记忆：将词汇按照主题、词性、词形等方式进行分类，形成词汇网络，方便记忆。
2. 语境记忆：将词汇放入具体的语境中，通过句子、段落或短文来记忆词汇，加深理解。
3. 反复复习：定期回顾已学词汇，反复巩固记忆，防止遗忘。
二、语法梳理与巩固语法是英语学习的另一个重要方面，二轮复习阶段需要对语法进行全面的梳理和巩固。
以下是一些语法学习的建议：1. 系统梳理：对英语语法进行系统性的梳理，掌握基本句型、时态、语态等语法知识。
2. 练习巩固：通过大量的练习题和例句，加深对语法的理解和运用能力。
3. 纠错总结：及时纠正语法错误，总结常见的语法陷阱和易错点，避免重复犯错。
三、阅读理解突破阅读理解是英语高考的重要部分，需要在二轮复习中进行重点突破。
以下是一些阅读理解的技巧：1. 扩大阅读量：多读英文文章，提高阅读速度和理解能力。
2. 掌握阅读技巧：学习并掌握如预测答案、定位关键信息和筛选无关信息等阅读技巧。
3. 分析长难句：学会分析长难句的结构，提高对复杂句子的理解能力。
四、写作能力提升英语写作是体现英语综合能力的重要方式，二轮复习中要特别注意提升写作能力。
以下是一些写作学习的建议：1. 多写多练：定期写英语作文，并请老师或同学进行批改和提出建议。
2. 学习范文：通过学习优秀范文，了解不同类型作文的写作技巧和规范。
3. 注意语言准确性和丰富性：在写作中注意语言的准确性和丰富性，学会使用高级词汇和句型。
五、听力训练策略听力是英语学习中不可或缺的一部分，需要在二轮复习中进行有针对性的训练。
以下是一些听力训练的策略：1. 精听与泛听结合：既要进行精听训练提高听懂率，又要泛听熟悉不同口音和语速。
2. 练习听写：通过听写训练提高对细节信息的捕捉能力。
3. 多角度训练：可以尝试不同种类的听力材料，如新闻、电影、讲座等，提高适应能力。
2020届高三二轮英语专题-熟词生义
高中英语专题-熟词生义1. act n. 法案2. address v. 称呼；向……发表演说3. against prep．衬着，迎着，靠着4. air n. 样子，摆架子；v. 播送5.allergic adj. 极其讨厌的，厌烦的be allergic to6. arm n．武器v．武装7. back vt．支持8. chance n．可能性v．碰巧9. company n．陪伴；伙伴10. count vi．重要；It is not who you are but what you are that countscount on sb. /depend on/relay on11. cover v．走完（一段路），够付（费用），看完（多少页书）；涉及；报导（熟义：覆盖）12. date n. 枣子；约会make a date with…..13. drive v. 驱赶；n. 驱动；精力14. employ v. 使用15. express adj. 直达的n．快车16. freeze v．不许动，停止走动Freeze！Drop your arms！不许动，放下武器！17. foreign adj. 不熟悉；和……格格不入The subject is foreign to me．我不熟悉这门学科。
18. industry n．努力，勤勉His success was due to industry．他的成功是由于勤勉19. last adj. 最不可能的When you are seasick，the sea is the last place you want to go．20. late adj. 已故的The late Premier Zhou is respected by all the people in the world．21. plant n. 工厂22.means n. 财富 a man of means23.relate v.讲述relate to 理解，体恤24.counter v. 反驳，抵制，抵消25.c-o/mplex n. 建筑群；相关联的一组事物；情结26.attempted adj. 未遂的27.associate adj. 非正式的；副的28.c-o/mplex n.建筑群；相关联的事物；情结29.spring v. 跳跃，蹦；突然出现；冷不防地问、突然说spring up迅速出现，突然兴起30.graduate n.毕业生31.work v.起作用，奏效32. due n. 应得的权利；应得的东西33.survive vt. 挺过（难关）；活得比….长34.wander v. 走神，神志恍惚，（思想）开小差35.preserve n. (渔猎) 禁地36.superior n 上级，上司,方丈37.press n. 报刊，新闻界，出版社38.express n. 特快列车；快递服务；快运服务39.counter vt.反驳，抵制，抵挡40.trick n. 诀窍 a trick to solving the problem41.escape v. 被遗忘，被忽视42. floor n. 发言权take the floor; hold the floor43. credit n. 学分；赊账sell ….on credit44. stand n. 货摊；立场take a stand against…45.crowd v. 涌上（心头）；涌入（脑海）Memories crowded his mind.46. acknowledge vt. 鸣谢47.undertake v. 承诺，答应undertake to do …48. decline vt. 婉言拒绝49.apply vt. 涂;施;敷；Apply the scream sparingly to your face and neck. .50.terribly adv. 相当，非常I’m terribly sorry.51. departure n. 违背，违反It was a departure from tradition.52. vain adj. 虚荣的The girl is vain about her beauty.53.press n. 报刊；新闻界；出版社54.intelligence n. 情报；情报人员55.bent n. 天资，禀赋have a bent for…=have a talent/gift for…56.shot n. 药物注射57.zip vi, vt （使…沿着…方向）快速移动58.drill n . 操练，训练59.gesture n. 意图；姿态60.fetch vt. ….卖得(某价)61. plus n. 优势，好处，长处=an advantage; a good thing62.sharp adv. =exactly (准确地，…..整)Please be here at seven o’clock sharp63.reservation n. 疑惑，保留意见I have strong reservations about his ability to do this job.=I am d oubtful about ……64.accomodation n. 和解，调解They were forced to reach an accommodation with the rebels 65.modest adj. 不太大的，不太贵的，66．fast adv. =firmly,/completelyShe was fast asleep within a few minutes.The car was fast stuck in the mud.n. 禁食期，斋戒期v. 禁食go on a fast 开始禁食，break/end your fast 开斋67．Sound adj.明智的，合理真确的；无损伤的，完好的；酣畅的，香甜的a person of sound judgementsafe and sound, be of sound mindhave a sound sleep68.concrete adj. 具体的，有形的specific69.caution n. 警告，告诫 a word/note of caution 一句警告70.gravity n. =seriousness71.wrestle v. 努力对付/解决72.systematic adj. =deliberate,73.sympathy n. 赞同，支持in sympathy with…..赞同，支持, out of sympathy with不赞同，不支持74.bid n. 努力争取in a bid to do…75.discrimination n. =difference/distinctionLearn the discrimination between right and wrong.76.firm n. 公司，商行me adj. 无说服力的，站不住脚的 a lame excuse常用词缀及示例前缀及部分常用词根a- 1. 表语性形容词 2. 加强意义 3. 在“in, at, on”例：awake, aware, arise, arouse, aboard, abroad, ahead, alike, alive, asleepfore beforehand, front, before 先，前，预例：forecast, forefinger, forehead, foremost, foreseemis- 坏，恶，误例：misfortune, mislead, mistake, misunderstand, misuseout- 超出，在外，出外，胜过，超过例：outbreak, outcome, outlet, outline, outlook, output, outnumber outweighover- 过度，越过；颠倒，反转，在上例：overall, overcoat, overhead, overthrow, overcome, overseasun- 不，无，做相反的动作，移开，消除例：unable, unbearable, uncertain, uncover, unfit, unknown, unfold, unfair unnecessary, unwilling, unlike, unlock, unpleasantunder- 在…下，低于，不足例：underdeveloped, undergo, understand, underground, underlie, underwear underestimate ab-, a- 脱离，离开，离去例：abnormal, abortion, absent, abusebi- 二，两，重例：biennial, bimonthly, bilingualsemi- 半例：semiannual, semimonthly, semicirclecircum-,circu- 周围，环例：circumstance, circuit, circulate, circle, circulationcom- 共同例：collaborate, collect, co-operate, corporation, companycontra-, counter- 反，相对例：contrast, controversial, counter, counteract, contradictionde- 出，离；向下，贬低例：depreciate (比：appreciate), degrade, destroydis-, di-, dif- 离，分开；不，无；动作的相反或取消例：disabled, dissuade, differ, disappear, disagree, dislike, disadvantageinter- 在…之间，相互例：interaction, interfere, international, interrupt, interviewex-, e-, ef- 出外，除去，完全例：emigrate, exclude, exhibition, expandin-, im- 内，向内，入例：immigrate, include, imprison, indoorsextra- 以外，超过例：extra, extraordinaryin-, im- 不，无，非例：impossible, illegal, illogical, inaccurate, irregular, impatient常见后缀-dom 表地位.身分.领域.条件.状况例：freedom, kingdom, wisdom, boredom-hood 表状态.地位.特征例：childhood, brotherhood, motherhood, neighborhood-ness 表状态.性质例：happiness, likeness, sadness, weakness, darkness, goodness-ship 表性质.情况.地位.身分例：friendship, hardship, leadership, ownership, scholarship-er,ar,or,ist,ant 表做某事的人（n)例：painter, beggar, sailor, lawyer, liar, scientist, assistant, consultant assistant-d, -ed 加在名等后构成形（adj) 后构成形（过分形式）（adj)例：aged, talented, broken, golden-haired-en 由...做成的（v)例：wooden, woolen, waxen, oaken-fold 表倍数(n) 例：twofold, fivefold-ful 充满....的.富有....的（adj )例：cheerful, doubtful, harmful, skilful, hopeful, fruitful-ish 如...的.似...的.有...性质的（adj ) 例：boyish, girlish, selfish, blmish, blackish, greenish-less 无...的.不...的（adj ) 例：fearless, harmless, hopeless, helpless, endless, aimless, needless-like 如.. ..的.似...的（adj ) 例：dreamlike, warlike, fatherlike, starlike-ly 如...的.有...性质的；加在形后构成副（adj. adv ) 例：manly, homely, lovely, friendly, kingly, widely, badly-some 如...的.似...的.有...性质的（adj ) 的.有...性质的（adj ) 例：tiresome, troublesome, burdensome-ward 向...的.朝...的（adv )例：eastward, outward, upward, backward, forward, westward例：windy, shady, muddy, icy, healthy, wealthy-en （及物动词后缀）（使）成为，（使）变得更（v )例：harden, shorten, deepen, sharpen, strengthen, frighten, widen-age 行为，情况，总称（n )例：marriage, usage, percentage, advantage-ance, ancy,ence,ency 行为，行为结果，状态，性质（n )例：abundance, guidance, excellence, frequency-ice 构成抽象名词表行为.状态.性质（n )例：practice, cowardice, service-ment 行为，行为的结果.手段.状态（n )例：payment, agreement, employment, improvement, equipmentexcitement, judgmentpre- 先，前，超例：precaution, preface, prefer, preview, prewarre- 回，后退；再，又例：remind, rewrite, react, replace, review, reveal, refine, recallsub- 在…之下；低于，秘密地例：subconscious, suffice, suppress, substandard, subsurface, subdivide super-, sur- 上，超例：superficial, surface, surplus, supermarket, superman, supernatural trans-, tra- 跨越，转，传例：transatlantic, transform, transmit, transport, tradition, translate auto- 自己例：automatic, automobile, autonomous, autonomy,equ- 均，平等例：equal, equality, equatorform 形式formal, conform, deform, unform, reform, uniformmin-, mini- 较小，较少例：minor, minute, miniature, minority, minusport 持，拿，运例：portable, porter, export, import, support, transportpress- 压例：pressure, compress, express, impressspec- 看例：spectacle, aspect, expect, inspect, prospect, respectvid-, vis- 看，看见例：visible, vision, visual, evident, revise, visa, visitor, videobi-, bio- 生命，生物例：biochemistry, biography, biologygeo- 地，地球例：geography, geometry, geologygram 写，图形例：graph, program, photograph, telegramlog- 言语，推理例：logic, logical, apology, apologize, dialogue, monologuecap-, capit- 头例：cap, capital, captain, captioncent(i) 百，百分之一例：cent, century, centigrade, centimeter-ion 行为.结果.状态（n )例：creation, pollution, expansion, foundation, invitation, interpretation -tude 表情况.性质（n ）例：gratitude, longitude, multitude, solitude ,altitude-ty 状态.性质例：beauty, loyalty, safety, certainty (n ）-ure 行为（结果）.状态（n )例：failure, mixture, closure, moisture-y 情况，能力（n )例：recovery, modesty, misery, mastery-ette, -let 小（n )例：cassette, cigarette, tablet, booklet-al 属于...的（a )例：personal, musical, global, governmental-ary 与...相关的，属于...的（a )例：secondary, elementary, planetary-able, -ible 能...的，可...的（adj )例：desirable, agreeable, lovable, comfortable, possible, responsible -ic 属于...的（adj )例：civic, academic, graphic-ive 有...倾向的(adj )例：active, massive, constructive-ate 做，造，成，使成分（v )例：fascinate, decorate, evaporate-fy 使成为(v )例：identify, purify, simplify, electrify, qualify-ize, -ise （使）成为（及物v后缀）（v )例：realize, mechanize, criticise。
2020学年高中英语二轮复习专题专项攻略详解课件：阅读理解词义猜测
8. Common sense 普通常识：根据普通常识和 生活经验来猜测词义。
3. What is the meaning of “ … ” as the words are used in the text?
4. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ … ”?
考查方向： １、熟词新意，即熟悉词汇的陌生含义； ２、复合词的含义理解，对于衍生词汇的理解能力； ３、根据上下文对代词的指代含义的理解能力； ４、根据上下文对不认识单词的词义判断能力； ５、对谚语、俗语、俚语含义的理解能力； ６、通过近义词、反义词和常识理解词汇的能力。
英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）
和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本 的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或 后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原 词的意义，即派生。只要我们掌握了各种词 根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很 容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了;另外还 有合成与转化。
常见的前缀和后缀如：
二轮复习
猜测词义
常见词义猜测题型
1. The underlined word “ … ” refers to
(means / stands for)
.
2. Which of the following words can take the place of / be replaced by the word “ … ”?
2020届高考英语二轮复习 阅读中的常见词汇 妙招8 高频短语归类记学案
妙招8 高频短语归类记1．all常用短语all by oneself 独立；单独above all 首先；特别是；最重要的是after all 到底；毕竟；终究first of all 首先in all 总共most of all 最重要的是all at once 突然；同时；一起all of a sudden 突然all right 好吧；行；情况不错all sorts of 各种各样的all kinds of 各种各样的all the best 万事如意all in all 总而言之，总的说来all the same 尽管如此；仍旧(照样)all the year round 一年到头2．aim常用短语take aim at 瞄准reach an aim 达到目的aim at 瞄准；针对3．as常用短语as ...as ... 与……一样as a matter of fact 事实上as a rule 通常as a result 结果as a whole 总的来说as if (as though) 好像as follows 如下as for 就……而言as/so long as 只要as soon as 一……就as soon as possible 尽快as usual 像往常一样as well 也；还as well as 同……一样might/may as well 不妨so as to 以便4．at常用短语at a time 一次；每次at first 最初at last 最后；终于at least 至少at (the) most 至多；不超过at one time 以前；曾经at once 立刻；马上at midnight 在半夜at present 目前；现在at times 有时候at sea 在大海上；在航行at one's own expense 自费at the bottom 在底端at the end (of) 最后；尽头at the latest 最迟at the mercy of 在……的支配下at the head of 在……的前头at the moment 此刻at the same time 同时at work 在工作5．break常用短语break away from 摆(逃)脱；脱离；改掉；破除break down (机器、车辆等)出故障；(身体)垮掉；中断；拆分；分解break in 强行进入；插嘴，打岔break into 破门而入；打断；占用break off 突然停止(中断)；打断；折断break out 爆发；突然发生break through 突破；打破break up 散会；驱散；放假；(婚姻、关系等)破裂；分解6．bring常用短语bring about 引起；实现；使发生bring along 把……带来；领来bring back 拿回来；使恢复bring sb. back 送回某人bring sth./sb.back to life 使……生动/活泼；使……苏醒bring down 降低；击落；使垮台bring in 收(庄稼)；提出；(使)得到(收入)；引入bring on 使发生；引起bring out 说明；阐明；出版bring to an end 结束bring ...to use＝put ...to use 对……加以利用bring/carry sth. to/into effect 实施……bring up 提出；抚养；培养；呕吐7．by常用短语by accident 偶然地by chance 碰巧；偶然地day by day 一天天地by and by 不久learn/know by heart 记熟；背诵by mistake 错误地；由于疏忽所致by oneself 独自地one by one 一个一个地by the way 顺便说(问)by turns 轮流side by side 肩并肩；并排；一起by the side of 在……附近8．call常用短语call at (a place) 访问(某地)；拜访(某地) call back 回电话call on (sb.) 拜访(某人)；访问(某人) call for 提倡，号召；要求，需要；去接某人call for help 呼救call in 请来；召集；来访；打电话call off 取消call on/upon 号召call out 大声呼喊；叫喊call sb. ...for short 简称某人……call sb. names 谩骂某人call up 给……打电话；使人想起；征召9．come常用短语come about 发生；造成come across 被理解；偶然发现；偶然遇到；给人印象come along 一道去；赶快；进展；出现come down 下降；下落；流传下来come into being/existence 出现；开始形成；建立come into use/service 开始使用(无被动)come into power/office 执政；就职come out 出来；出发；出版；名列……；(总数等)达到(＋at/to) come to 来到(某地)；总计；谈到；恢复知觉come to a conclusion 得出结论come to an end 结束come to light 泄露(真相)；被发现come to nothing (no good) 没有结果(没有好处)come up 升起；走近；被提出；(太阳或月亮)升起；(植物)破土而出，发芽come up with (突然)想出10．cut常用短语cut away 切除；剪去cut down 砍倒；砍下；削减cut in 插嘴；加塞；插入cut in line 插队cut ...into pieces/halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半cut off 切断(线路)；中断(供应)cut out 删除；剪下来cut the cost of ... 降低……的成本cut up 切碎；剪碎；剁碎；齐根切掉11．do常用短语do a good deed 干得好；搞好工作do away with 消灭；清除；取消；破除do good 有好处；有用处；做好事do harm to 对……有害处(不利)do sb. a favour 帮某人忙do sb. good 对某人有好处do one's best 尽力；竭力do the deed 付诸行动；生效do one's duty 履行职责do up 收拾；整理；修理；打扮；包；捆；系do with 处理；需要do wonders 创造奇迹12．direction常用短语follow the directions 按照说明去做in (the) direction of ... 朝……方向under the direction of ... 在……的指导下13．distance常用短语in the distance 在远处from/at a distance 从远处keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持一定距离14．far常用短语far from (being) 离……要求相差很远far from (a place) 距离某地很远far away 遥远so far 到目前为止；那么远as far as sb. knows/sees 据某人所知by far (最高级前，比较级后)得多15．fit常用短语be fit for 适合be fit to do 适合做……keep fit (＝keep healthy) 保持健康fit in with 适应……a nice/perfect fit 合身的衣服...fit sb. 某人穿……合身16．get常用短语get about (消息)传开；四处走动get along 进展；相处融洽；走开get away 逃掉；逃跑get away from 避免；摆脱；离开get back 回来；收回get close to 接近get down 记下来；咽下get down on one's knees 屈膝下跪get down to 开始认真(做某事)get into the habit of 养成……的习惯get hold of 拿到；找到；抓住get in 进站；进去；到家；收割(庄稼)；请来get off 起飞；(动身)离开；脱下(衣服等)get on 进展；相处；上车；继续进行(with)；取得成功get on well with 与……相处融洽get over 克服；完成；摆脱(疾病等)get rid of 消灭；摆脱；除掉get round 传开；绕过；避免get through 做完；渡过(难关)；通过；(电话)接通get together 聚会；联欢17．give常用短语give a talk/speech 作报告，作演讲give away 赠送；暴露；泄露(秘密)give sb. a hand 帮某人忙give one's life 献出自己的生命give off (散)发出give in 让步，屈服；认输，投降；交上来give birth to 生；产生give rise to 引起give out 分发；疲劳；用完；(散)发出give up 放弃；交出；投降；泄气give one's regards/greetings to 向……问好18．go常用短语go after 追求；设法得到go ahead 进行；进展；做吧；说吧；先走go against 违反；反对；违背go all out 全力以赴go away 走开；离开go bad (食物等)变坏；坏掉go by 走过；经过go in for 参加(竞赛等)；从事(某项工作)；爱好，酷爱go off 走开；变质；爆炸；(铃)响go on 发生；进行；进展；继续下去go out (火)熄灭；过时；被淘汰go over 考虑；检查；重复go through 审阅；检查；搜寻；经历；经过go with 相配；伴随go up 上涨；上升19．have常用短语have a break 休息一下have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来have (got) a cold/cough/headache/fever感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧have a conversation with sb. 与某人交谈have a talk with sb. (about sth.)(就某事)与某人进行交流have a word with sb. 和某人谈几句/说句话have a gift for ... 有……天赋have a good flight (坐飞机)旅途愉快have a good knowledge of ... 对……很熟悉；通晓……have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食have/show an appetite for ... 有……的欲望或爱好have an effect on/upon ... 对……有影响；对……产生作用have an eye for 有眼力；有眼光have access to ... 使用(接近……的)权利或机会have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择，只好做某事have some difficulty/trouble/problems with ...在……有困难/麻烦have some difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困难/麻烦have something/nothing in common (with ...) (与……)有共同点/没有共同之处have little in common with ... 与……几乎没有相同之处have something/nothing to do with ... 与……有关/无关20．hold常用短语hold back 退缩；踌躇；阻挡；控制；隐瞒hold one's breath 屏息；不出气hold on 等一等；不要挂电话hold on to 抓住；保住hold out 伸出；坚持下去；维持hold up 阻延，耽搁；支撑；举起；拿起hold together 连在一起；团结一致21．in常用短语in a flash 一刹那间in a hurry 匆忙地；很快地in (actual) fact 事实上in a sense 从某种意义上说in a short while 不久；一会儿后in a word 总之；简言之in any case 不管怎样in case 如果；以防(有某种情况)in charge of 主管；负责in common 共同；共用in danger 在危险中in debt 负债；欠账in general 一般来说in honour of 为了纪念……；为向……表示敬意in one's opinion 据某人的看法in other words 换句话说in peace 平静地；安宁地in public 在公众面前；公开地in search of 寻找in (one's) search for 寻找；寻求in return 作为报答in silence 沉默地；无声地in short (＝in a word) 总之in space 在太空in spite of 尽管in that case 假如那样的话in the charge of 由……掌管in the course of 在……过程中in the day time 在白天in the future 将来；以后in the end 最后in the meantime 与此同时in the middle (of) 在……中间in time 及时地once in a while 偶尔；间或22．keep常用短语keep a promise 遵守诺言keep a secret 保守秘密keep back 扣下；隐瞒；忍住(眼泪)keep in mind 记住；想着keep in touch with 与……保持联系keep off 避开；挡住；不接近keep one's balance 保持平衡keep on 继续(做)keep pace with 与……同步keep silence 保持沉默(安静)keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事keep up 保持；维持；继续(某活动)keep up with 不落在后面；跟上；及时了解(情况) 23．knock常用短语knock at/on 敲打(门、窗等)knock down 把……撞倒；击倒knock into 撞到；撞上某人；偶然碰见knock sb. out (of sth.) 淘汰某人knock over 撞翻；撞倒24．look常用短语look after 照顾；照管look sb. in the eye 正视某人look back to/upon 回顾；回想look down on/upon 看不起；轻视look for 寻找look forward to 盼望look into 研究；调查；了解look like 看起来像look through 透过……看(尤指空隙或透明物体等)；粗略地翻阅look out (for) 注意；当心；提防look over (仔细)检查look up 查找；查阅look up to sb. 尊敬某人look upon ...as 把……看作look sb. up and down 上下打量某人25．make常用短语be made up of (＝consist of) 由……组成make a decision 做出决定make a living 谋生make noise 吵闹make a promise 答应；允诺make a plan for 为……作计划make a record 录制唱片make arrangements for 为……作安排make clear 说明；弄(讲)清楚make ends meet 收支相抵；量入为出make friends (with) (和……)交朋友make faces 做鬼脸make fun of 和……开玩笑make room for 让出地方；腾出空间make it a rule 总是……make no sense 没意义make one's way to (out of) 向……走去(从……走出)make sense 讲得通；有意义make sure/certain 一定要；确保；核实；弄清楚make the best of 充分利用；尽量利用make the most of 充分利用；善于利用make up 构成；占；编造；弥补；化妆；和解make up for 弥补make up one's mind 下决心26．means常用短语by all means 用一切办法；当然可以by means of 通过……；靠……by no means (＝in no case) 决不by this means (＝in this way) 用这种方法27．of常用短语a bit of 少量的；一点a great deal of 很多a handful of 少量的a (large) number of 许多a piece of 一片(张、块)a place of interest 名胜a pair of 一双；一对a waste of 浪费because of 因为be proud of 以……而自豪be fond of 爱好；喜欢be tired of 厌烦instead of 代替in the hope of/that ... 怀着……的期望packs of 大量的；大部分plenty of 充足的；相当多的scores of 许多；大量from then (now) on 从那时(现在)起on average 平均on board 在船上on fire 着火on holiday 休假；度假on one's way to 在……的途中on one's own 独立地；独自地on the air (用无线电、电视)播送on the radio 通过收音机；通过广播on watch 值班；守望29．out常用短语out of breath 上气不接下气out of work 失业；没工作out of one's reach 够不着out of question 毫无疑问out of the question 不可能out of date 过时30．pain常用短语spare no pains to do sth. 全力以赴做某事take great pains to do sth. 努力做某事pass away 去世；死pass by 通过；从旁边经过pass down 传下来；流传；使世代相传；一代一代传下去pass on (to sb.) 转交给(某人)；传给(某人)pass on from one generation to the next一代代流传下来pass through 穿过；越过pass the examination 通过考试32．pay常用短语pay attention to ... 对……注意；留心……pay a visit to sb./a place 拜访(某人)/参观(某地)pay back 偿还(借款)；报答；报复pay for 付款；付费；付代价pay off 还清(欠款)pay sb. a visit 拜访某人pay the bill 买单；付账单33．pick常用短语pick out 挑选；认出pick up 拾起；接收；学会(语言)；开车去接；康复；加快(速度)34．put常用短语put an end/stop to 制止；使停止；结束put away 存起来；收拾起来put aside 放在一边；抛弃；暂时不做；留出(时间)；省出(钱)put back 推迟；放回(原处)put down 写下来；镇压put forward 提出；提前；拨快(钟表等)put in order 整理put into practice 实行put off 推迟；延期；关上(开关等)put on 穿上；上演；打开(开关等)put on weight 增加体重put out 熄灭；生产；出版put up 举(架)起；修建；张贴；留宿put up with 容忍；忍受；忍耐put through 做成；完成；接通电话；使通过考试；使经历(难受的事)35．reach常用短语reach an agreement 达成协议reach for ... 伸手去拿/够……reach sb.'s understanding 使某人明白within/out of reach 够得到/够不着36．seat常用短语be seated 就座；坐着have a seat 请坐seat oneself in/at/on 使自己坐在……take one's seat 坐下37．send常用短语send away 解雇；遣散send for 派人去请；(通过写信或电话)索取send in 寄出；派遣(军队、警察等) send out 派遣；发出(信号、通知等) send up 发射；射出；使(价值)上升send signals 发送信号38．set常用短语set about doing 开始(着手)做set an example 树立榜样set down 放下；写(记)下set fire to＝set ...on fire 放火；烧着set off 使爆炸；引起；起程set out 出发，动身；开始，着手；摆放；陈述set sail 起航set to work (使)开始做……set up 立(支)起来；成(建)立39．speed常用短语at the speed of ... 以……的速度speed up 加速with great speed 迅速at high/low/full speed 以高/低/全速gain/gather/pick up speed 加速40．stick常用短语be stuck in ... 陷进……stick ...on ... 粘贴……stick to 坚持；信守stick out 突出来；伸出来41．stand常用短语stand by 支持；袖手旁观；信守(承诺)，遵守(协定) stand for 代表，表示，象征；容忍；支持/拥护stand out 突出；显眼stand up 起立，站起来；经得起stand still (＝stay still) 站着不动42．take常用短语take a look at 看一下take a photograph (of) 照一张(……的)相take advantage of 利用；占……的便宜take action 采取行动take an interest in 对……感兴趣take along 随身带着take away 拿走；拿开；使离开；把……打发走take back 收回(话语)；退(货)；使回忆起take ...by surprise 使……吃惊；出奇兵攻占take care 注意；当心take care of 照顾；负责take charge of 负责take exercise 做运动take ...for granted 认为……理所当然take hold of 抓住；握住take in 上当；收留；理解take in fresh air 呼吸新鲜空气take ...in one's arm (拥)抱take ...into account/consideration 加以考虑；予以重视take it easy 别紧张；放松些take note/notice of 注意；理会take notes 记录；做笔记take off 脱掉；起飞；休假；开始成功take office 就职；上任take on 雇用；接收；呈现……面貌；开始从事take (an active) part in (积极)参加take one's place 坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务take over 接管；接替take place 发生；举行take possession of 占有；拥有take pride in 为……感到骄傲take the place of 代替；取代take the opportunity of 抓住机会；利用(机会)take one's time 从容；还有时间take up 占据(时间、地方)；开始从事；开始学习；继续(未做完的事)take up arms against 拿起武器反对……；武装起来与……作对43．think常用短语think about 思考；考虑think of 想到；想起；认为；对……有看法/想法think out/over 仔细考虑think up 想出；设计出think twice 再三考虑；仔细考虑think highly/well of 对……高度评价44．trouble常用短语be in (great) trouble 惹麻烦；处在困境中have much trouble/no trouble (in) doing做……有很大/没有困难help sb. out of trouble 帮某人摆脱困境make trouble 捣乱put sb. to the trouble of doing sth. 为难某人做某事take great trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳做某事45．turn常用短语turn a deaf ear (blind eye) to 不听(不理睬)turn down 拒不采纳；调低(音量等)turn in 上交；交还(借或租的物品)turn out 结果；原来(情况是)；生产turn over 移交；打翻；翻耕；翻阅；考虑turn to 求助于；翻到；(使)变成turn up 出席；出现；调高(音量、温度等)；发现46．use常用短语be used to doing ... 习惯于做……be used to do 被用来做……come into use 开始使用make good/full use of 充分利用used to do 过去常做it is no use doing ... 做……没有用47．way常用短语all the way 全程；一直地ask the way 问路by way of 取道；经由have a long way to go 还有很长的路要走in a/one way 在某种程度上in any way 在任何(哪)方面in every way 在各方面；以各种方式in many ways 在很多方面in no way 怎样也不；一点也不in the way of/in one's way 碍事；妨碍lead the way 带路make one's way to 向……走去lose one's way 迷路make way for 给……让路on the way (to) 在(去)……路上48．word常用短语break one's word 不信守诺言；失信eat one's words 承认说错了话；收回自己的话have a word (a few words) with和……说句(几句)话have words with sb. 同某人吵架have a word in one's ear 给某人说悄悄话(九)动词短语词根记1．动词＋aboutbring about 引起；使发生care about 关心；对……有兴趣come about 发生hear about 听说set about 着手；开始speak/talk about 谈论think about 思考worry about 为……担心2．动词＋ataim at 向……瞄准call at 拜访(地点)come at 袭击；攻击glance at 匆匆一瞥glare at 怒视knock at 敲(门、窗等) laugh at 嘲笑look at 看；注视point at 指向run at 冲向；向……攻击shoot at 向……射击shout at 冲某人嚷嚷smile at 冲某人笑stare at 凝视；盯着strike at 向……打击tear at 用力撕wonder at 惊讶work at 从事于，致力于3．动词＋awayblow away 吹走break away 摆脱carry away 拿走；使入迷clear away 清除掉；消散die away 逐渐消失；减弱give away 背弃；泄漏；赠送pass away 去世put away 收拾起来；存起来send away 让走开；派遣take away 拿走；使消失throw away 扔掉turn away 把……打发走wash away 冲走4．动词＋backcall back 回电话give back 归还hold back 控制；阻挡keep back 隐瞒；忍住look back (on) 回顾take back 拿回；收回5．动词＋downbreak down 出故障；垮掉；分解bring down 使倒下；击落burn down 烧毁calm down 平静下来cut down 削减；砍倒hand down 把……传下来pass down 传下来settle down 安家；定居slow down 慢下来take down 记下；记录tear down 拆毁；拆除turn down 调低；拒绝put down 放下；记下；镇压6．动词＋forapply for 申请ask for 要求得到beg for 乞求care for 关心；喜欢call for 需要；要求change ...for 用……换charge ...for 收费；要价come for 来拿；来取hope/wish for 希望得到hunt for 寻找look for 寻找long for 渴望run for 竞选；匆匆去拿search for 查找seek for 寻找stand for 代表；表示；支持take ...for ... 误以为……是……wait for 等候7．动词＋fromdate from 始于……时期die from 因……而死differ from 与……不同hear from 收到……来信keep/stop/prevent ...from 阻止……做learn from 向……学习result from 由于separate ...from 把……分离开suffer from 受……苦8．动词＋inbelieve in 相信；信任break in 强制进入；插话bring in 引进；收获call in 召集；来访cut in 插嘴；强行超车drop in 拜访fill in 填写get in 收获；进入give in 让步hand in 上交join in 参加look in 来访；参观persist in 坚持play a part in 在……起作用result in 导致succeed in 在……获得成功take in 接纳；吸收；改小；欺骗；理解take part in 参加9．动词＋intoburst into 闯入；突然……起来change ...into 把……变成divide ...into 把……分成look into 研究；调查put ...into 花费；投入translate ...into 把……译成run into 碰到turn into 变成10．动词＋ofapprove of 赞成complain of 抱怨consist of 由……组成die of 死于dream of 向往；渴望；梦想get rid of 摆脱；丢掉hear of 听说knock out of 从……中敲出来make fun of 取笑make sure of 确定；弄清楚make use of 利用play the role of 扮演……角色remind sb. of 使某人想起run out of 用完speak of 谈到take the place of 代替；取代talk of 谈论；议论think of 认为；想出；想起take possession of 占有；拥有break off 打断；折断carry off 携带，带走；赢得come off 脱落；褪色cut off 切断；断绝fall off 跌落；掉下get off 下车；脱下(衣服等)give off 散发出go off 离开；(铃、爆竹等)响；(食物等)变质；爆炸keep off 避开；勿走近knock ...off 把……撞落leave off 中断pay off 还清put off 延期；推迟ring off 挂断电话see off 送行set off 出发show off 炫耀start off 出发take off 脱下；起飞；开始走红turn/switch off 关掉call on 拜访(某人)carry on 继续下去come on 来吧；赶快；加油congratulate ...on ... 祝贺depend on 依靠；取决于feed on 以……为食物have an effect on 对……产生作用insist on 坚持keep/go on 继续live on 以……为主食look on 旁观look down on 轻视；看不起move on 继续移动；往前走rely on 依靠pass on 传授；传递play a joke on 戏弄(某人)put on 穿上；戴上；上演take on 雇用；呈现(新面貌等) try on 试穿turn/switch on 打开break out 爆发；突然发生bring out 阐明；使表现出burst out 爆发；突然……起来carry out 开展；执行；实现check out 查明；结账退房come out 出版；出来；(总数等)达到cross out 划掉；删除die out 消失；灭亡find out 找出；查明figure out 算出；理解give out 分发；散发；用完；疲劳go out 熄灭hand out 分发help out 帮……摆脱困境hold out 伸出keep out (of) 使不进入；挡住leave out 省略；删掉let out 泄漏；发出(声音)；出租look out 留神；当心make out 理解；看清楚pick out 挑出point out 指出put out 扑灭；熄灭；出版run out 用完send out 发出；派遣set out 发出；开始show ...out 领……出去speak out 大胆讲出；大声说turn out 结果是；生产try out 实验wear out 穿破；使……疲劳work out 算出；解决；制定出14．动词＋overfall over 跌倒；摔倒get over 克服go over 考虑；检查；重复look over 翻阅；检查roll over 翻滚run over 碾压；思考take over 接管；接替think over 仔细考虑turn over 翻转；细想；移交watch over 看守；照看15．动词＋throughcheck through 核对get through 通过；干完；接通电话；渡过(难关) go through 审阅；检查；经历；搜寻look through 翻阅；看一遍；仔细查看pull through 渡过危机；康复put ...through 接通电话see through 识破16．动词＋toadd to 增添agree to 同意attend to 处理；专心；照料belong to 属于come to 共计；苏醒compare ...to ... 把……比作……devote ...to 贡献给get to 到达lead to 导致；通向object to 反对point to 指向refer to 谈到；涉及；参阅；意指reply to 答复see to 处理；料理stick/hold/keep to 坚持；忠于supply ...to 为……提供turn to 向……求助；查阅17．动词＋upbreak up 分解；散会；驱散；放假bring up 教育；培养；提出；呕吐build up 增强；增加；积累burn up 烧毁catch up 赶上clear up 整理；弄清；晴(开)朗起来come up 抬头；上来；上升；被提出cut up 切碎；齐根切断do up 整理；包装；打扮eat up 吃完；吃光end up 结束；结局；告终fix up 安顿；修理好give up 放弃；投降；献出go up 上涨；上升grow up 生长；长大hold up 举起；阻挡；抢劫；耽搁hurry up 赶快join up 连接(联合)起来look up 查找；找出make up 编造；构成；弥补；化妆open up 开创；开辟pick up 接收；捡起；学会；康复put up 举起；张贴；留宿；修建ring up 打电话round up 赶拢；使集拢speed up 加快速度set up 建立；创立stay up 熬夜；挺住；站立take up 占据；从事；继续tear up 撕碎throw up 呕吐；吐出turn up 到达；出现；开大(音量等) use up 用完wake up 醒来18．动词＋withagree with 同意；与……一致begin with 以……开始catch up with 赶上combine with 与……相联合compare with 与……相比cover ...with 用……覆盖deal with 处理；对付do with 处理；需要end up with 以……结束equip ...with 以……装备；配备be fed up with 厌倦get on well with 与……相处融洽keep in touch with 与……保持联系meet with 遇到；遭受play with 玩；玩弄provide ...with 以……供给supply ...with 以……供给talk with 同……交谈。
妙招5 熟词僻义分组记单词
背计系列1阅读中的常见词汇妙招5熟词僻义分组记单词A组单词及常见义生僻义例句1.act(常见义：行动)v i.起作用It just takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act.只需几分钟，药物就起作用。
2.adapt(常见义：适应)v t.修改；改编或改写(稿本)This movie was adapted from a French novel.这部电影由一篇法国小说改编而成的。
3.address(常见义：地址；写地址)v t.称呼The president should be addressedas“Mr President”．总统应被称为“总统先生”。
v t.向……发表演说He addressed a welcomespeech at the meeting.他在大会上致欢迎辞。
4．admit(常见义：承认)v t.允许进入He was admitted into theprivate garden.他被允许进入这个私家园林。
v t.容纳The theatre only admits1,000audience.这个剧场只能容纳一千名观众。
5．adopt(常见义：采纳；采取；采用)v.收养；过继The old couple decided toadopt the orphan though theywere not rich.尽管这对老夫妇并不富裕，但他们还是决定收养这个孤儿。
6．agree with(常见义：同意)与……一致；协调；适合Your story agrees with what Iheard.你的故事与我所听到的一致。
Long plane trips don't agreewith me.我不适合坐飞机长途旅行7．appeal(常见义：恳求；呼吁)v.(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣The idea of camping has neverappealed to me.对露营这种想法我从来都不感兴趣。
2020届高三英语二轮专题复习学案：阅读中的常见词汇妙招3逆序归类一语记单词Word版含答案
背计系列1 阅读中的常见词汇妙招3 逆序归类“一语”记单词[词组1]traffic n．交通(量)，来往车辆specific adj. 详细而精确的；特殊的scientific adj. 科学(上)的；科学性的Upon specific request, they used scientific methods to collect traffic data at the specific hour.依照明确的要求，他们使用了科学的方法来收集特定时间的交通数据。
[词组2]panic n．&v.惶恐；惊恐；恐慌；使恐慌；使惊慌失措picnic n．野餐，郊游v. (去)野餐clinic n. 诊所；临床讲课The sudden earthquake ruined the doctor's picnic plan and he had to hide in the panic room in his clinic.突如其来的地震毁了这名医生的野餐计划，他不得不待在诊所的紧急避难室里。
[词组3]energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的sympathetic adj. 同情的；有同情心的；合适的enthusiastic adj. 狂热的；热烈的；热心的The teachers are very enthusiastic about the proposal put forward by the energetic students who are sympathetic with environmentalism.老师们对于那些由精力充沛的学生提出的支持环境保护主义的建议非常热心。
[词组4]plastic n．(pl.)塑料(制品)adj. 塑料(制)的，可塑的fantastic adj. 幻想的；异想天开的；极好的Fifty years ago, it was still a fantastic idea for people to pay with a micro-chipped plastic card.五十年前，用一张装有微型芯片的塑料卡片来付钱还是一个异想天开的想法。
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今天的报纸刊登了总统访问的详尽报道。
3.catch (常见义：抓)
v.明白；领会
Sorry, I didn't quitecatchwhat you said.
对不起，我没太听明白你的话。
从他的总体健康状况来看，可能手术后要一段时间他才会恢复。
Whatdrewyou to teaching？是什么吸引你教书的？
What conclusions did youdrawfrom the study？
你从研究中得出了什么结论？
7.drive(常见义：驾驶)
v.驱使
What hasdrivenhim mad？什么使他发疯的？
单词及常见义
生僻义
例句
没有电梯，我们得爬六段楼梯。
8.flood (常见义：洪水)
n.大量的东西
vt.大量而来；充满
I received afloodof letters this morning.
今天早上我收到大量的信件。
The office wasfloodedwith applications for the job.
办公室堆满了应征该职位的求职信。
9.follow (常见义：跟随)
v.沿着(道路等)而行；按照；听从；效仿；明白
Followthis road until you get to the corner, and then turn left.
沿着这条路走到拐角处，然后向左转。
I couldn'tfollowhis argument at all.我根本不明白他的论点。
v.利用；使用
You couldemployyour spare time better.
你可以把闲暇时间利用得更好些。
4.energy (常见义：能量，能源)
n.精力；活力
His work seemed to lackenergy.
他工作似乎缺乏干劲。
5.enjoy(常见义：喜欢)
v.享有
Men and women shouldenjoyequal rights.男女应当享有平等权利。
这个剧场只能容纳一千名观众。
5．adopt(常见义：采纳；采取；采用)
v.收养；过继
The old couple decided toadoptthe orphan though they were not rich.尽管这对老夫妇并不富裕，但他们还是决定收养这个孤儿。
6．agree with(常见义：同意)
v.支持；喜欢
Of the two possible plans, Ifavorthe first.
在这两种可能的方案中，我赞成前者。
4.fellow (常见义：小伙子；家伙)
n.同伴
Herfellowsshare her interest in computers.
她的同伴跟她一样对计算机感兴趣。
I would like tobookthree seats for tonight's concert.
我想预订三个今晚音乐会的座位。
6．build(常见义：修建)
n.身材；体型
The football player has a solidbuild.那位足球运动员体格健壮。
7．buy(常见义：购买)
4.cause(常见义：n.起因v．引起)
n.事业
The UN has done a lot for thecauseof world peace.
联合国为世界和平事业做了许多贡献。
5.collect (常见义：收集)
v.取走，拿走，接走
His job is tocollecthis child from school every day.
与……一致；协调；适合
Your storyagrees withwhat I heard.你的故事与我所听到的一致。
Long plane trips don'tagree withme.我不适合坐飞机长途旅行
7．appeal(常见义：恳求；呼吁)
v.(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣
The idea of camping has neverappealedto me.对露营这种想法我从来都不感兴趣。
2.dear (常见义：亲爱的)
int.啊！天哪
Ohdear!Now he can't find his wallet.
我的天啊！现在他找不到他的钱包了。
Dearme! What a mess！天哪！乱成什么样子了！
3.desert (常见义：沙漠)
vt.离开；抛弃；舍弃
The price rise caused many readers todesertthe magazine.
Heavy snow isblockingall roads intw(常见义：吹；刮)
n.打击
His wife's death was a greatblowto him.
他妻子的去世对他是一大打击。
5．book(常见义：书)
v.预订；预购
10.for good
永远；一劳永逸
She'll soon leave Londonfor good.她将永远离开伦敦。
11.freeze (常见义：冻结；冻冰)
v.不许动；停止走动
Freeze!Drop your arms！不许动！放下你的武器！
单词及常见义
生僻义
例句
1.general(常见义：全面的；大体的；大致的)
钱在这里，应该够付你所有的开支。
He is carrying out a research thatcoversa wild field.
他正在进行涉及范围很广的研究工作。
10．cross(常见义：横跨)
adj.生气的；恼怒的
I wascrosswith him for being late.他迟到了，我很生气。
8．appear(常见义：出现)
vi.似乎
Youappearedto have made a mistake.你似乎犯了一个错误。
单词及常见义
生僻义
例句
1.back(常见义：背)
vt.支持
Many of his friendsbackedhis plan.他的许多朋友支持他的计划。
2.beat(常见义：击打)
5.film(常见义：电影)
n.胶卷；底片
He put a newfilmin his camera.他在相机里装上新胶卷。
6.fine (常见义：好的；晴朗的)
v.&n.罚款
He wasfined$200.
他被罚了200美元。
7.flight (常见义：飞行；航班)
n.一段楼梯或阶梯
There was no lift and we had to climb sixflights.
单词及常见义
生僻义
例句
1.date (常见义：日期)
v.追溯；约会
The ancient temple has a long history and candateback to the year 1890 AD.这座古庙历史悠久，可追溯到公元1890年。
They have beendatingin the park.他们一直在公园约会。
v.(心脏)跳动
Seeing the terrible scene, his heartbeatsfast.
看到这可怕的场景，他心跳加快。
3.block (常见义：块)
n.(四面临街)建筑群；街区
He lives threeblocksaway from here.
他住的地方与此处相隔三个街区。
v.阻碍；堵塞
我想参加补习训练课程以提高自己的驾驶技术。
They were treated with a fivecoursedinner for lunch.
午饭招待他们的是有五道菜的正餐。
9．cover(常见义：覆盖)
v.够付(费用)；走完(一段路)；涉及；报道
Here is the money which shouldcoverall your expenses.
v.相信
No one willbuythat excuse.谁也不会相信那个借口。
单词及常见义
生僻义
例句
1.capital (常见义：首都)
n.大写字母
Write your name incapitals,请用大写字母写下您的姓名。please.
2.carry (常见义：搬运；携带)
v.持有；带有；刊登
Headdresseda welcome speech at the meeting.
他在大会上致欢迎辞。
4．admit(常见义：承认)
vt.允许进入
He wasadmittedinto the private garden.
他被允许进入这个私家园林。
vt.容纳
The theatre onlyadmits1,000 audience.
vt.认为
On the whole, shecountedherself as a fortunate wife.
总的说来，她自认为是一个幸运的妻子。
8．course(常见义：过程)
n.课程；航线；一道菜
I'd like to take a refreshercourseto improve my driving.
6.escape (常见义：逃走)