2018版高考英语二轮专题限时集训：11 词义猜测之句子的含义和代词的指代对象 含解析
2018年高考英语二轮复习 专题06 阅读理解Ⅳ：词义猜测题(讲)(含解析)
专题6 阅读理解Ⅳ：词义猜测题【构建知识体系】2015-2017年全国高考Ⅰ卷本专题考查分布明细统计2015-2017年全国高考Ⅱ卷本专题考查分布明细统计32016-2017年全国高考III卷本专题考查分布明细统计5【考纲解读】【剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向1.【2017·全国I】DA build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only c omponents required, though, are a 5＇ 5＇ sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole. Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down wit h a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still eve ry time you need a drink.33. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The tube.B. The still.D. The cup.C. The hole.近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查，因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对突破高考阅读理解、提高同学们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。
【全国卷】2019版高考英语二轮 专题限时集训11 词义猜测之句子的含义和代词的指代对象 含解析
专题限时集训(十一)词义猜测之句子的含义和代词的指代对象(对应学生用书第111页)A(2017·福建省普通高中毕业班质量检查)After four silent years，the 27yearold British singer Adele Adkins has finally introduced herself to the world again with Hello，the opening song from her third album 25，which will come out on Nov.20.Although Adele is a very successful singer now，music wasn't always what she saw herself doing．At age 10，when she saw her grandmother's pain over the death of Adele's grandfather，she pictured herself as a heart surgeon.“I wanted to fix people's hearts.”she told the UK music website iD，remembering the childhood interest she'd had in biology classes until she found out that her real talent was for singing.Adele didn't go to medical school，but many would agree that she still has healing(治愈)powers.“Her songs find the kind of memory every listener holds somewhere in their heart. This kind of feeling is what people have always liked in Adele，”said The Telegraph.“She writes a pop diary，sharing the simple secrets of her heart.”Most successful pop stars make albums at a fast pace，but not Adele.After her second album 21 won the 2012 Grammy Award for Album of the Year，she made it clear with her label that she would spend“fo ur or five years”making her next album.She told Vogue magazine，“I won't come out with new music until it's better than 21.”Instead of seeking fame，Adele remained silent and moved to the countryside.In her free time，she loved to watch TV series Teen Mom，American Horror Story，and The Walking Dead.Living life as normally as possible is important to the singer's art.“Nobody wants to listen to a record from someone who's not living in the real world，”Adele told iD.“So I live a lowkey life for my fans.”【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了英国著名歌手阿黛尔在音乐上成功的秘密. 1．What does the text mainly tell us?A．The popularity of Adele's album 25.B．The healing powers of Adele's music.C．The secrets of Adele's success in music.D．The reason for Adele's becoming a singer.C[考查主旨大意.通读全文，尤其是最后三段可推知，本文主要讲述了阿黛尔在音乐上成功的秘密，故选C.]2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A．Adele wasn't interested in music.B．Adele wasn't good at music at first.C．Music wasn't very important in Adele's life.D．Music wasn't all Adele wanted to be devoted to.D[考查句意猜测.根据第二段第二句“At age 10，when she saw her grandmother's pain over the death of Adele's grandfather，she pictured herself as a heart surgeon.”可推知，10岁时，当阿黛尔看到祖父的去世给祖母带来的伤痛时，她想成为一名外科医生，减轻别人的痛苦.故D项正确.]3．Why doesn't Adele want to make albums at a fast pace?A．To live a lowkey life.B．To win the Grammy Award.C．To guarantee the quality of her music.D．To share the secrets of her heart as a musician.C[考查推理判断.根据第五段中的“She told Vogue magazine，‘I won't come out with new music until it's better than 21.’”，并结合最后两段的整体内容可推知，阿黛尔放慢做音乐的速度是为了追求高质量的音乐，故选C.]4．What can we know about Adele?A．Her album Hello will come out on Nov.20.B．She has kept a diary since childhood.C．She moved to the countryside before 2012.D．Her works are based on real life.D[考查细节理解.根据最后一段最后两句“‘Nobody wants to listen to a record from someone who's not living in the real world，’Adele told iD.‘So I livea lowkey life for my fans.’”可知，阿黛尔的音乐作品基于真实的生活.]B【导学号：52384055】(2017·安徽师大附中模拟)Happiness is a journeyWe always convince ourselves that life will be better after we get married，have a baby and another.Then we are frustrated that the kids aren't old enough and we'll be more content when they are.After that we're frustrated that we have teenagers to deal with.We will certainly be happy when they are out of that stage.We always tell ourselves that our life will be complete when our spouse(配偶)gets his or her act together，when we get a nice car，and are able to go on a nice vacation when we retire.The truth is there's no better time than right now.If not now，when？Our life will always be filled with challenges.It's best to admit this to ourselves and decide to be happy anyway.One of my favorite quotes comes from Alfred D'Souza.He said，“For a long time it had seemed to me that life was about to begin a real life.But there were always some obstacles in the way，something to be gotten through first，some unfinished business，time still to be served，a debt to be paid.Then life would begin.At last it dawned on me that these obstacles were my life.”This perspective has helped me to see that there is no way to happiness.Happiness is the way.So treasure every moment that you have.And remember that time waits for no one.So stop waiting until you finish school；until you go back to school；until you get married；until you get divorced；until you have kids；until you retire；until you get a new car or home；until spring；until you are born again to decide that there is no better time than right now to be happy...Happiness is a journey，not a destination.So，work like you don't need money，love like you've never been hurt，and dance like no one's watching.【语篇解读】我们的生活充满挑战，挑战就是我们的生活，因此，珍惜每一刻，停止等待.享受幸福不需要等到将来，而是要把握现在.幸福是旅程，不是终点.5．Why does the author use Alfred D'Souza's quote in the third paragraph?A．To support his viewpoint.B．To introduce one more topic.C．To enrich the content of the article.D．To compare their different views on happiness.A[考查推理判断.根据第四段可知，Alfred D'Souza的观点帮助作者明白了没有通往幸福的路，幸福本身就是这条路，因此珍惜你拥有的每一刻.这也是作者通过本文想要表达的观点.由此推断作者引用Alfred D'Souza的话是为了支持自己的观点.故选A.]6．What does the underlined word“this” in the second paragraph probably refer to?A．Life will be better after we get married，have a baby and another.B．Our life will be whole when our spouse gets his or her act together.C．When we retire，we can have a nice holiday.D．We are in a world full of challenges.D[考查代词指代.根据前一句可知，我们的生活总是充满挑战.画线词所在句的意思是：最好是让自己接受这一事实，无论如何都要快乐.因此画线词this 指上文中提到的“我们的生活充满挑战”.故选D.]7．What is the main idea of the second paragraph?A．Only when we get whatever we want can we feel our life is complete.B．Whatever happens in our life，we should live in the present.C．We shouldn't enjoy happiness at present but in the future.D．We cannot enjoy happiness now because we are facing many challenges.B[考查段落大意.第二段讲述我们总是等待幸福，而事实的真相是，没有任何时刻比现在更宝贵.生活充满挑战，最好是让自己接受这一事实，无论如何都要快乐.因此推断本段主要讲述无论发生了什么，我们都应该活在当下.故选B.]8．Which of the following is the best title of the text?A．Owning the present is owning the futureB．Pursuing happiness is nature of us humansC．Happiness is a journey，not a destinationD．How to possess real happinessC[考查标题归纳.通读全文可知，文章最后一段的第一句“Happiness is a journey，not a destination.”对全文做了总结，生活充满挑战，因此要珍惜每一刻，享受幸福，幸福是旅程，不是终点.故选C.]C【导学号：52384056】(2017·云南省11校跨区调研考试)Spider(蜘蛛) webs have something in common with guitar strings.The long，thin strings on a guitar can vibrate (振动)．They move back and forth，or from side to side.So do webs made by spiders.The lines of silk they produce can carry vibrations.This movement gives the small creature information about what landed on the web.Spiders have eight legs and usually eight eyes.The animals build webs with their own soft，naturallymade silk.And much like playing the strings of a guitar，a spider can send out vibrations across its web over many different frequencies(频率)．Spiders catch their food，usually insects in their webs.They make small movements，which spread across their webs.The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web—maybe a possible mate，or something tasty to eat.Vibrations are not just used to spot what is for dinner.They are also important in courtship(求爱)，so lots of males will actually create a very specific kind of musical pattern which the females can use to determine not only that they're a male，but they're the right species，and whether they might want to mate with them as well.Spiders make their own vibrations to find out the condition of the webs.By controlling the tightness of the material，they can effectively control how information is getting to them when they hang out in the middle of the web.Spiders have a special ability to shape the physical nature of their self-made materials and creations.Scientists think that spider silk may have changed over time for this purpose.【语篇解读】本文介绍了蜘蛛吐出的蛛丝可以传播不同频率的振动，这些振动让它们知道什么东西落在了蜘蛛网上并且这些振动在求爱中也非常重要. 9．How does a spider feel that an insect is caught in the web?A．Through its sense of sight.B．Through vibrations of its web.C．Through different frequencies.D．Through a musical pattern.B[考查细节理解.根据第二段的“The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web”可知，蜘蛛可以通过蛛网的振动知道有东西落到蛛网上了.故选B项.]10．What does the underlined word “They” in P aragraph 2 probably refer to?A．Insects.B．Strings.C．Spiders. D．Vibrations.A[考查代词指代.根据第二段的“Spiders catch their food，usually insects in their webs.They make small movements，which spread across their webs.”可知，蜘蛛在它们的蛛网上捕食，一般捕到的都是昆虫.它们制造出传遍整张蛛网的小振动.所以They指代的是昆虫.]11．Which of the following statements is TRUE?A．Silk produces vibrations as the strings of a guitar do.B．Female spiders make special sounds to attract a partner.C．Hunting will be hard for spiders if the silk is loose.D．The tightness of silk can't be adjusted once it's made.C[考查细节理解.根据第四段的“By controlling the tightness of the material，they can effectively control how information is getting to them”可知，蛛网的松紧度对蜘蛛捕猎至关重要，故选C项.][干扰项分析]根据第一段的第一句“Spider(蜘蛛)webs have something in common with guitar strings.”可知，蛛网和吉他弦有一些共同之处，故排除A.根据第三段的“so lots of males will actually... they're a male”可排除B.根据第四段的“By controlling the tightness of the material...in the middle of the web.”可知，蜘蛛可以控制蛛网的松紧度，它们可以有效地调整蛛网的属性，故可排除D项.12．The text mainly tells readers ．A．guitars and spider webs are similarB．spider webs have various functionsC．spiders are skillful in hunting insectsD．vibrations are vital in a spider's lifeD[考查主旨大意.根据整篇文章的叙述，尤其是“The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web—maybe a possible mate，or something tasty to eat.”可知，D项正确.]。
高考英语二轮复习阅读理解中词句猜测--代词指代题考查解读
2020届二轮复习阅读理解中词句猜测--代词指代题考查解读代词指代题常出现在人物或事物变换多，动作转换频繁的语境中，考生应根据语境判断人称代词、不定代词和指示代词。
有时也会考查定语从句中关系代词的指代内容。
设问形式常有：(1)What does the underlined word “this/it/them/which...” refer to?(2)The underlined part “it/that/they/which...” in Paragraph...refers to “”．解题技巧——“就近原则”判指代第一步：明确代词所指代内容的位置代词永远出现在原词之后，故代词所指代的内容在这一句的前面一句中，或者前几句中。
第二步：熟悉代词的含义(1)it/this/that可指代一件事。
(2)it/he/them/they/one/those指上文提到的人或物。
(3)which/that/who等关系代词指代其所修饰的先行词，非限制性定语从句中which可指代前面整句话的内容。
第三步：替换核实再比较(1)用所找的指代内容替换画线代词，核实句意是否合理，前后内容是否一致。
(2)比较所代部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
例如：【真题感悟】中第26题，sharing that与前面的shared thebelief呼应，由此可推知，拥有同样的信念使两人成了朋友；the belief替换that后，经核实意义正确，故选A项。
AThroughout the past few years，I have tried to give myself to others.I have bounced around to find where I truly fit in.I found my place while I stayed in Guatemala，an orphanage(孤儿院)，with the children living there.Through hearing many stories of their lives，I was moved to tears and started to question my living ways and gave up everything that wasn’t essential：7makeup and any other sort of luxury(奢侈品)．I lived like they did.It was the most relaxing feeling in the world.When at Nuestros Pequenos Hermanos，we were given the task of creating a pig 8pen.At first，I thought it should be easy.After arriving at the area where the pig pen should be，we saw a hill.We were told to 1uproot the weeds as well as level the entire area.Looking at it，we felt it would be impossible.On my own faith journey，I have felt this type of doubt before.The “hole”，as we referred to，is a symbol of my faith journey.It appeared to be an 2obstacle I could not overcome，but in the end I completed it with efforts.I feel this pig pen wasn’t easy to create but was so rewarding to give.I’ve always struggled to be on a journey of faith，but I’ve never completely stepped foot onto the path until Guatemala.I’ve always tried to open my heart to everyone aroundme and give them my love.I feel as though I cut open my heart and share every bit of love I had with these orphans.There is one orphan named Ceto who will always remain very close to my heart.In Guatemala，I sponsor with thirty dollars a month，but it doesn’t seem enough.I’ll return there next summer a nd give more of my love for a whole month.When it was time to leave，I looked out of the window and saw not just ordinary children.Overall，the most significant accomplishment I made in Guatemala was stepping towards my own faith journey and not looking back.1．What resulted in the author’s decision to live a new life? A．Desire to help others.B．Decrease in his income.C．A knowledge of the orphans’ life.D．Awareness of the difficulty in his life.答案 C解析细节理解题。
高考英语二轮复习 专题限时集训11 词义猜测之代词指代高三全册英语试题
手惰市安逸阳光实验学校专题限时集训(十一) 词义猜测之代词指代A(2020·模拟)A company called Compass Pools has some good news for height and swimming enthusiasts.Recently，the company announced their novel design —a first of its kind 360degree pool which is set to be placed on a skyscraper in London.The Infinity London will be the first and only building in the world to include this cuttingedge pool design.The pool will be laid on top of a 55story skyscraper and will allow people to float over 200 meters above the London skyline with unobstructed(没有障碍的) views of the city.The entrance to the pool is hidden.People began to raise questions about how anyone would get inside the pass Pools explains：“Swimmers will access the pool through a rotating spiral(螺旋形的) staircase based on the door of a submarine，rising from the pool floor when someone wants to get in or out.”But that is not the only unique technology of the pool.The designers found a way to make sure the wind doesn't blow the water down to the streets.They included a builtin anemometer(风力计) to monitor the wind speed.It is linked to a computercontrolled building management system which will also take care of the temperature of the water.Alex Kemsley promises that this unique pool will surpass everyone's expectations.“It's quite a strange feeling to swim in the SkyPool at The Shard and have helicopters flying past at your level but this pool takes it a step further，”he says.“Putting your goggles(游泳镜) on and with a 360degree view of London from 220m up，it really will be something else—but it's definitely not one for the acrophobic(恐高的)！”While the exact date of the construction is not clear yet，if things go well，it may begin in 2022.The location has yet to be confirmed too.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普类说明文。
2018高考英语(通用)二轮训练：阅读理解(词义猜测)含答案
2018高考英语（通用）二轮训练：阅读理解（词义猜测）含答案阅读理解---词句猜测题词句猜测题常见命题方式：1．The underlined word...in the...paragraph refers to/means “”．2．By saying...in the first paragraph，the author means that . 3．The meaning of...in Paragraph...is related to .4．Which of the following has the closest meaning to...(Paragraph...)? 5．The underlined sentence...in the...paragraph probably means that . 6．Which of the following words can take the place of the word “...”？1．单词或短语意义猜测词汇量小是制约学生阅读理解能力的一个重要因素。
具体技巧如下：(1)根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测。
有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
(2)根据同位关系进行猜测。
阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或短语意义进行猜测。
(3)根据同义关系进行猜测。
当词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的或相反的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，进而可推知其大致意思。
(4)根据构词法(合成、派生、转化等)进行猜测。
在英语中，有很多词可以在前面加前缀或在后面加后缀，从而构成另外一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义了。
(5)根据因果关系进行猜测。
2018新课标高考英语阅读理解猜测词意(词义)解题策略(附带问题详解)
2017届新课标高考英语阅读理解猜测词意（词义）解题策略高考考情分析解读：词义猜测题是高考阅读理解题中的一种常见的题型。
词义猜测可以是对一个单词的意义推断，也可以是对一个短语或一个句子的意义推断，既可以是生词生义，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。
通过对近年新课标全国卷分析统计来看，词义猜测题一般有1－2题。
考查相对比较稳定，但难度略有增加，需要在复杂的句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案。
在词义猜测题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。
2016年全国卷设问形式例子：(1)What does the underlined word “downside”in Paragraph 4 probably mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅱ)(2)What does the underline phrase “a pipe dream”in Paragraph 3 mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅲ)(3)What does the word “contributions”in the last paragraph refer to？(2015年课标全国卷Ⅰ)常见的命题形式有：The underlined word in the second paragraph means “________”．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph?The underlined word “________”in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”．What does the phrase “________”in Paragraph 1 mean?本学案结构：代词指代猜测题目句子猜测句意题目附：典故谚语知识储备单词或短语意思猜测题该题型着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是该词或短语前后的句子)进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。
2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题1 模式4 词句猜测题
模式4| 词句猜测题[例1](2017·浙江6月卷·A)The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱)．His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cat's lot was about to improve.That year，one of Benjamin's cousins，Mr.Pennington，came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings.When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings (版画) by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.22．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?A．The cat would be closely watched.B．The cat would get some medical care.C．Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D．Benjamin would have real brushes soon.22.D[考查句意猜测。
2018年江苏高考二轮专题限时集训(21)阅读理解：词义猜测题及答案
专题限时集训(二十一)阅读理解词义猜测题(对应学生用书第157页)加★的为词义猜测题A(2017·苏北四市高三一模)With Apple's iPhone 7 and Google's new Pixel phones putting such an emphasis on powerful camera technology，smartphone photography is more powerful than ever.And while phones typically have great built-in photography apps，many other options can be easier or expand your range.ProCamera is an excellent option for iOS ing this app feels like raising a singlelens reflex camera(单反相机)to your eye.With a few taps on the screen，you can display a grid to help compose a shot properly and a guide to warn if your composition is tilted(倾斜的)．You can also control the white balance and bring up a live histogram(直方图)that shows how strong the colors in the final photo will be.There are quick access buttons to shoot in video，photo，high dynamic range or other modes and there's even a bar code scanner option.Most impressive is ProCamera's antishake feature，which waits for you to stop moving before it activates the shutter.In the settings menu，you can control most of the app's features and select how much compression is applied to the final saved images.In other words，the app gives users professional level control of an image.Because of its complexity，ProCamera takes a while to get used to，and the exact features depend on which iPhone you have.The app costs $5 and some features，like a lowlight mode to help shoot better pictures at night，are upgrades that cost a few dollars each.It's definitely worth it.On Android，one app equivalent to ProCamera is Camera FV5.This app also feels like using a singlelens reflex camera，with similar manual control.Camera FV5 includes features like a live histogram，burst mode shooting, exposure bracketing and timelapse imagery.It also offers choices over the kind of files it saves to your device, and has a comprehensive settings page.Unlike some other Android camera apps，Camera FV5 has a professionallooking and easy to use interface.It costs $4.To edit a perfect portrait or landscape photo，Adobe's software is the choice of professional photographers.There is a version for mobile devices too—Adobe Photoshop Fix—which lets you heal an image's defect，adjust shadow intensity，fix the contrast or add effects.Mastering the features of Photoshop Fix will take time，but your final images don't look too artificial with the application of Photoshop Fix.Its interface is sometimes confusing，but the app has builtin help and，best of all，is free for both iOS and Android.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。
高考英语二轮总复习课后习题 阅读理解能力升级练 考点分类练(十一) 词句猜测题——代词指代类
考点分类练(十一) 词句猜测题——代词指代类A(山东淄博一模)Several years ago, when someone used camera covers to protect against possible monitoring, it was not popular to talk about it. Today, people use various types of tapes to cover the web cameras and microphones.There are many types of spyware that can dive into our devices and secretly spy on them, recording everything they do. Such programmes may infect not only computers but also smartphones. Your data may be used by hackers who will try to request money for not eation or by companies like NSO Group who created a kind of spyware to “provide authorised governments with technology that helps struggle against terror and crime”.In my opinion, the protection technique is highly overestimated. Users tape the cameras and microphones through lack of understanding of how their devices work and how the malware(恶意软件) works. Hackers and even secret services do not have enoughresources to monitor all victims using the cameras or microphones. If they need to get any information, they get it by sending a targeted virus to your device, which will not be stopped by the tapes. Such a virus will find what to steal—from personal photos and videos to passwords from social networks, browser history, bank accounts and so on.It is unwise to believe that attackers will not be able to find a way to spy on you, even if the device, discharged to zero, can still deliver data about your location, using the smartphones of the surrounding people as signal repeaters. Let us face it: we live in an era when it is eething and a piece of tape is clearly not the most useful tool in the struggle for your privacy.Again, to be able to spy on you, attackers need to plant the malware in your device. To prevent the malware from entering your device, do not click suspected links and email attachments. Use strong passwords for email, social media and online bank accounts.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph2referto?A.Cameras.B.Types.C.Programmes.D.Devices.2.What is NSO Group?A.A group of hackers.B.A company developing spyware.C.A group of terrorists and criminals.D.A company fighting against crime.3.Why does the author think “the protection technique is highly overestimated”?A.People know little about their devices.B.Hackers have no access to others.C.It hardly prevents the malware from getting privacy.D.It can’t cover the cameras completely.B(安徽合肥高三教学质量检测)Ever since she received a little toy airliner as a birthday gift, Kate has been attracted by flight. From flying remote-controlled airplanes to building her own model ones, Kate has always consideredflying a plane one of her passions, but only until recently has she been able to take that to new heights.When Kate heard about the Upwind Scholarship from her school counselor, she knew it was an extraordinary opportunity to realise her dream. The programme’s mission is to provide all the training necessary t o obtain a private pilot’s license (PPL) for students in between their junior and senior year of high school free of charge.After completing a lengthy application and her subsequent acceptance into the programme, Kate began her training last spring. Normally, recipients of the scholarship would attend ground school in person where they learn the fundamentals of flying. Due to the pandemic, however, Kate spent hours each weekend studying online lessons in her room whenever she got a break from homework. Once summer came around, Kate and three peers put in two straight weeks of ground school, reviewing flight training from nine to five every day.“It was the toughest part of the programme,” Kate said.After completing that portion of ground school, Kate was finally able to begin flying at the San Carlos Airport with the other scholarship recipients from around the Bay Area. Flying, especially for first-timers like Kate, is a hands-on process involving lots of checklists to make sure the important tasks are being taken care of.Now, having finished the programme and earned her PPL, Kate plans on training as a flight instructor and hopes to become an airline pilot in her future.She credits the Upwind Scholarship to all she’s been able to accomplish so far and hopes that anyone who shares her passion will look into it.“It is a very hard scholarship to win, and you have to be truly interested in flight,” Kate said.“It can’t be something like ‘Oh, why don’t I try flying this summer?’ You have to be ready to do a lot of work and put effort into succeeding in the programme.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph1referto?A.Her skill of building model airplanes.B.Her wish to travel around the world.C.Her childhood dream of becoming a pilot.D.Her desire to fly remote-controlled airplanes.5.What is the goal of the Upwind Scholarship?A.To help students in need to achieve their dreams.B.To provide necessary training for private pilots for free.C.To give students expert advice on earning a scholarship.D.To prepare high school students to become a private pilot.6.What did Kate do in ground school?A.She took online lessons on flying.B.She went over the fundamentals of flying.C.She did some research into the pandemic.D.She finished applying for the programme.7.Which of the following best describes Kate?A.Confident and aggressive.B.Strong-willed and patient.C.Demanding and courageous.D.Ambitious and hard-working.C(河北秦皇岛二模)Every four or five years, vast quantities of warm water build up along the west co ast of South America. This phenomenon, El Niño, creates storms that cause destructive floods. The result is costly.Modern farmers come to terms with El Niño. They use money saved in good years to rebuild in bad ones. But history suggests it need not be like that. In a paper published recently, Ari Caramanica, an archaeologist in Lima, shows how it used to be done. And the answer seems to be “better”.Dr Caramanica and her colleagues have been studying the Pampa de Mocan, a coastal desert plain in northern Peru. It is not suitable for farming. Its soil contains little organic matter and the annual rainfall in non-Niño years is usually less than two centimetres. Today’s farmers therefore depend on canals to carry water from local rivers to their fields.It had been assumed that ancient farmers had a similar arrangement—and so they did. But Dr Caramanica also found eight canals that could carry water far beyond the range of modern farms. She thought that they were intended to guide the floodwaters arriving duri ng Niño years. Around a quarter of the ancient agricultural infrastructure of this area seemed to have been built only for managing Niño-generated floodwaters.Evidence from pollen supports this theory, revealing that the Pampa de Mocan produced lots of crops in some years, while remaining nearly barren in others. The team also uncovered two cisterns(蓄水箱) in the area serviced by the extended canals. These, probably, were used to store extra floodwaters.These findings suggest that, rather than resisting El Niño, early farmers in the Pampa de Mocan were ready to make use of it when it arrived. Modern farmers might do well to learn from them.8.What does the recent study focus on?A.Living with El Niño.B.Effects of El Niño.C.Farming in the desert.D.Water shortage in Peru.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph4referto?A.Ancient farmers.B.Rivers.C.Farms.D.Canals.10.What lesson can be learned from early farmers?A.Every advantage has its disadvantage.B.In every difficulty lies an opportunity.C.Sharp tools make good work.D.It’s never too late to mend.11.In which section of a website may this text appear?cation.B.Travel.C.Business.D.Science.参考答案考点分类练(十一) 词句猜测题——代词指代类【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。
2018高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破.pdf
2018高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破Step1猜测词义常见设问方式1.Which of the following is the nearest in meaning to “’’？2.What does the author probably mean by “’’?in the contest means _____.3.The word “’’4.The term can be best replaced by _____.probably refers to ____.5.The word “’’refers to ______.6.As used in the line … the word “’’7.According to the passage, the word “’’is known as_____.to refer to ____8.The passage use the word “’’means____.9.According to the author, the underlined word “’’10.From the context/ passage, we can infer that the word “’’means _____.在词义猜测题中，有些词汇并非生词，只需要根据上下文去推测它应在文章中的具体含义，或找出其指代对象。
做这类题，应仔细阅读出现该词的上下文，文章中往往会对这类词或短语进行重复解释或概括归纳。
因此答案往往可从文章中找出或推测出。
Step2. 方法探究1. Charlotte’s tale was inspired by the girls’ coin collection. “We’ve collected foreign coins foryears-since our families went on holiday to Tenerife,”she explains. “That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in.”The underlined word “pesetas” in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _______.A. storyB. collectionC. inspirationD. foreign coin2. Today when many tend to worry more about their own happiness, Houng’s deeds remind usof what we usually neglect: love and care for others. Without these, none of us could survive.Houng turned down donations from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could depend on his own work.The underlined word “donation” in Para.3 probably means ______.A. invitation to give a speechB. something, especially given to help othersC. questions asked by interviewersD. chances to be a hero【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
2018年高考英语天津专版二轮复习文档：专题三 阅读理解 第二节 含答案
第二节方法运用于命题阅读理解的常考命题1．细节理解题细节理解题在高考英语阅读理解试题中所占比例最大，但这部分题目相对来说比较简单，只要通过题干的关键词，在文中找到题目的相关信息，仔细对比，就能得出答案。
其正确选项特征为：同义替换、语言简化、正话反说等。
其干扰项特征为：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非等。
2．词义猜测题高考阅读理解试题中对于词义猜测题的考查力度逐步加大。
词义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能力，考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个生词、词组或者句子含义的能力，而这些词或词组往往超出考纲范围。
要做好该类试题需要：利用上下文线索猜测词义(重述、定义、举例、同义词或近义词、反义词等)；根据语法知识猜测词义；根据上下文逻辑猜测词义；根据构词法猜测词义；根据常识或背景知识猜测词义等。
3．推理判断题推理判断题考查考生根据字面意思，通过逻辑关系，研究细节，推敲作者的态度，理解文章寓意的能力。
推理判断题涉及的可能是文中一句或几句话，甚至是文章或段落的主题，弄清正确选项或干扰选项特征是做题的关键。
其正确选项特征为：立足原文，只推一步；一般不可出现绝对概念。
其干扰选项特征为：曲解文意、张冠李戴、偷梁换柱、无中生有、鱼目混珠、扩缩范围等。
4．主旨大意题主旨大意题主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，以概括中心大意、段落大意、选择标题及判断作者写作意图等形式出现。
其正确选项特征为：涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段；确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小；精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。
其干扰选项特征为：过于笼统，不知所云；以偏概全，主次不分；移花接木，偷换概念；无中生有，生搬硬套等。
注意解答各类命题时往往是多法并举，而不是一种方法解决一种题。
(2017·天津，B)Fifteenyearsago，ItookasummervacationinLecceinsouthernItaly.Afterclimbingupahillforapanoramic(全景的) viewofthebluesea，whitebuildingsandgreenolivetrees，Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositionedmyselftotakethebestphotoofthispanorama.Unfortunately，justasItookoutmycamera，awomanapproachedfrombehind，andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.Likeme，thiswomanwasheretostop，sighandappreciatetheview.PatientasIwas，afterabout15minutes，mycamerascanningthesunandreviewingtheshotIwouldeventuallytake，Igrewfrustrated.WasittoomuchtoaskhertomovesoIcouldtakejustonepictureofthelandsc ape？Sure，Icouldhaveaskedher，butsomethingpreventedmefromdoingso.Sheseemedsocontentinherobservation.Ididn’tw anttomesswiththat.Another15minutespassedandIgrewbored.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecidedtotakethe photoanyway.AndnowwhenIlookatit，Ithinkherpresenceinthephotoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape，beautifulonitsown，somehowcomestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.Thisphoto，withtheuniquebeautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthatwomanwho“ruined”it，nowhangsonawallinmybedroom.Whatwouldshethinkifsheknewthatherfigureiscaptured(捕捉) andfrozenonsomestranger’sbedroomwall？Abedroom，afterall，isaveryprivatespace，inwhichsomewomanIdon’tevenknowhasbeenimmortalized(使……永存)．Insomeways，shelivesinmyhouse.Perhapswealllivein eachothers’spaces.Perhapsthisiswhatphotosarefor：toremindusthatweallappreciatebeauty，thatweallshareacommondesireforpleasure，forconnection，forsomethingthatisgreaterthanus.Thatphotoisareminder，acapturedmoment，anunspokenconversationbetweentwowomen，separatedonlybyathinsquareofglass.41．Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasabouttotakeaphoto? A．Hercamerastoppedworking.B．Awomanblockedherview.C．Someoneaskedhertoleave.D．Afriendapproachedfrombehind.答案 B解析细节理解题。
2018高考英语必考点妙解专题猜测词义
猜测词义本类考题解答锦囊英语的一个显著特点是它庞大的词汇数量。
即使一个拥有上万单词量的人在阅读英语读物中也难免会遇到生词。
如果每遇到生词，就查阅词典，不但会降低阅读速度，而且往往使阅读变得索然无味。
据调查，影响人们阅读理解的，首先是词汇。
因此学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，对排除阅读时某些生词的干扰，降低生词率是十分必要的。
任何一个买词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。
NMET阅读理解中猜测词义的考查内容既可以是文中的生词，也可以是熟词新义、短语或句子。
但都要求考生根据上下文线索(即具体语境)作出推断。
此类题的提问形式一般有：1. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to"... "?2. The underlined word, means_______.3. The underlined phrase, means_______.4. Theun derlined sentence,means_______.利用上下文的提示猜测词义的方法有如下几种：1.根据定义或解释猜测词义【例题】(1)A calendar is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.根据定义, calendar 的意思是日历.。
(2)A biography is the story of a person's life written by someone else 根据定义，biography 的意思是凡别人写的生平叫做传记。
(3)Some writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA--money, Success or expensive things to buy.2.破折号后而的内容是对 value 一词的具体解释。
专题05 阅读理解之猜测词义-2018年高考英语二轮核心考点总动员(原卷版)
主标题：专题2 阅读理解之猜测词义关键词：阅读理解,猜测词义,上下文推理,语境难度系数：✱✱✱✱推荐指数：✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳：根据上下文推断生词的词义正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础，不懂单词含义根本就谈不上理解文章。
但英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同的语境会有所不同。
能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。
此外，阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来。
这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力，是一个合格的读者所必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读测试中经常检测的一种能力。
考点1 猜测词义题考点2猜测短语题考点3 猜测指代题考点4 猜测句意题基础必读：高考中词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断，既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新意；还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。
在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。
A．词义猜测主要的设题方式有：（1）The underlined words "took off " in paragraph 2 mean "_____".（2）What does the underlined word "them" in the last paragraph refer to?（3）The underlined sentence in the second paragraph implies that_______.（4）Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word "exotic" in the third paragraph?（5）The underlined phrase " turn his back on" (paragraph 6) most probably mean _______.（6）By saying " We need them yesterday "(paragraph 7), Stover means that snakelike robots _______.B．词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜测、语法猜词和常识猜词。
新高考英语题型精析精练与话题拓展：阅读理解之词句猜测题(词义猜测、句意猜测、代词指代)(解析版)
04.词句猜测题养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
【题型总览】【题型特征】词句猜测题它可以是对一个单词的意义的推断,也可以是对一个短语或句子的意义的推断。
词句猜测题既可以考查生词的意义,也可以考查熟词的新义,还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。
在阅读理解题中,所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上,而要根据短文提供的语境,通过阅读上下文,根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或短语的含义。
【设题趋势】词义类：(1)The underlined word/phrase...probably means/can be replaced by ______.(2)Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word/phrase...?指代类：(1)What does the underlined word “this/that/it/they...” refer to? (2)The underlined part “this/that/it/they...” refers to ______.句意类：(1)The underlined sentence in the...paragraph probably means ______.(2)What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph...?1.正确选项(1)含义和其字面意思一般没有任何关系。
(2)上下文逻辑通顺。
(3)与原句意思最接近。
2018大二轮高考总复习英语文档：第02部分 专题01 第03
第三节顺藤摸瓜——明辨词义猜测题一、词义猜测题“文中信息”巧利用1．根据解释或定义猜测词义根据定义或解释来猜测词义；在许多情况下，作者估计到某个词一般读者不熟悉，则会在文章中给出该词的定义或解释。
这种解释可能是一种重复说明，和定义很近。
通过阅读定义和解释部分，读者便可理解该词的基本含义。
这种解释性的文字一般是同位语、定语从句、定义等，这就是解题的主要依据。
线索词有：that，which is，or，similarly，that is (to say)，in other words，namely，or rather等注意：利用直接定义法解答词义猜测题时，考生要有意识地去关注能表明定义句的谓语动词：be，mean，deal with，be considered to be，refer to，be called，be known as，define，represent 等。
【典例1】(2017·天津卷，C)阿凡题1084534...The proposal attempts to dea l with what some call the“death valley”of autonomous vehicles：the grey area between semi－autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future....What does the phrase“death valley”in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．A place where cars often break down.B．A case where passing a law is impossible.C．An area where no driving is permitted.D．A situation where drivers’role is not clear.解析：词义猜测题。
全国卷2019年高考英语二轮专题限时集训：11 词义猜测之句子的含义和代词的指代对象
专题限时集训(十一)词义猜测之句子的含义和代词的指代对象(对应学生用书第111页)A(2017·福建省普通高中毕业班质量检查)After four silent years，the 27yearold British singer Adele Adkins has finally introduced herself to the world again with Hello，the opening song from her third album 25，which will come out on Nov.20.Although Adele is a very successful singer now，music wasn't always what she saw herself doing．At age 10，when she saw her grandmother's pain over the death of Adele's grandfather，she pictured herself as a heart surgeon.“I wanted to fix people's hearts.”she told the UK music website iD，remembering the childhood interest she'd had in biology classes until she found out that her real talent was for singing.Adele didn't go to medical school，but many would agree that she still has healing(治愈)powers.“Her songs find the kind of memory every listener holds somewhere in their heart. This kind of feeling is what people have always liked in Adele，”said The Telegraph.“She writes a pop diary，sharing the simple secrets of her heart.”Most successful pop stars make albums at a fast pace，but not Adele.After her second album 21 won the 2012 Grammy Award for Album of the Year，she made it clear with her label that she would spend“fo ur or five years”making her next album.She told Vogue magazine，“I won't come out with new music until it's better than 21.”Instead of seeking fame，Adele remained silent and moved to the countryside.In her free time，she loved to watch TV series Teen Mom，American Horror Story，and The Walking Dead.Living life as normally as possible is important to the singer's art.“Nobody wants to listen to a record from someone who's not living in the real world，”Adele told iD.“So I live a lowkey life for my fans.”【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了英国著名歌手阿黛尔在音乐上成功的秘密。
专题 11 词义猜测题之单词、短语意义猜测-2021年高考英语阅读理解精讲精练 (解析版)
专题 11 词义猜测题之单词、短语意义猜测词义猜测题着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分（尤其是该词或短语前后的句子）进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。
考查范围涉及对某个生词或短语的含义的猜测，对某个熟词进行生义的猜测或考查该词能被哪个单词或短语代替等。
猜测词义的五大技巧:利用构词法猜词义利用逻辑关系猜词义利用语法关系猜词义：利用语言表述中的举例子、下定义、定语从句、同位语、自问自答、标点符号等进行词义猜测利用生活常识和文化背景猜词义ACortana．Alexa．Siri．These are names of robotic voices that are often programme d on electronic tablet s．They also become default (默认) identities for people with speech disorders who rely on technology to communicate．Now some speech scientists are developing personalize d voices to reflect the broader diversity of the people who use them．To do it, they are tapping into a vast network of volunteers who are donating their voices to share with people who cannot speak．The effort to build an international“Human Voicebank”has attracted more than 17,000 volunteer s from 110 countries, including Priyanka Pandya, a 16yearold from Columbia, Md．, who plans to spend her winter vacation record ing a string of sentences into her computer．“To be able to give somebody the gift of voice, I think that’s really, really powerful，”she said．“Everyone has a voice，”said Rupal Patel, founder of V ocaliD, the company that started the voicebank．“Even people who are unable to speak have sounds that are unique to them．”Her company designs personalized voices by recording the unique sounds of the user, and then mixing them with 6 to 10 hours of recordings from a voice donor, matched by age, gender and region．The company is developing voices now for its first 100 customers．Also, people’s voices change．The company is looking for donors who are willing to record their voices, and then record them again a few years later, as they get older．Some of the first customers say they are happy with the results．John A．Gregoire was one of the first customers to receive a personalized voice from VocaliD last December．The voice came eight years after he developed ALS (肌萎缩侧索硬化症) and more than six years have passed since his voice became unintelligible to everyone except his wife and youngest son．“Having a distinctive voice is like getting something back that was stolen，”John said．1．What can we know about the voicebank?A．It collects all kinds of voices．B．It gains strong public support．C．It helps to recognize special voices．D．It offers people personalized voices free．2．What does the example of John A．Gregoire stress?A．Customers’desire for personalized voices．B．V ocaliD’s efforts to develop personalized voices．C．Customers’satisfaction with personalized voices．D．V ocaliD’s success in designing personalized voices．3．What does the underlined word “unintelligible”mean in the last paragraph?A．Unclear．B．Soft．C．Incomplete．D．Rough．4．What is the main idea of the text?A．V olunteers donate their voices to V ocaliD．B．V ocaliD is devoted to building a voicebank．C．The Human V oicebank helps people with speech problems．D．The Human Voicebank wins fame among people with speech problems．BScientists are preparing to launch the world’s first machine to clean up the planet’s largest mass of ocean plastic．The experts believe the machine should be able to collect half of the detritus in the patch—about 40,000 metric tons —within five years．In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tube s that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever made．The system, originally dreamt up by Mr．Slat, will be shipped out this summer to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, between Hawaii and California, which contains estimated 1．8 trillion pieces of plastic．It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997．Mr．Slat was 16 and still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea．“There were more bags than fish down there，”he recalls．Two years later he came up with a solution, quit university after six months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a company．Mr．Slat says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone．“We as humanity created this problem, so I think it’s also our responsibility to help solve it，”he says．The Great Pacific Garbage Patch cover s an area of 1．6 million square kilometers and contains at least 79,000 tons of plastic, research found last month．Most of it is made up of “ghost gear”—parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and rope s —often from illegal fishing vessel s．Ghost gear kills more than 100,000 whales, dolphins and seals each year, according to scientific surveys．Seabirds and other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small pieces of plastic．Creatures eat plastic discarded in the sea thinking it’s food but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly．Others are trap ped and die of starvation or are strangle d or suffocate d by ghost gear．5．What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean?A．Waste．B．Ocean．C．System．D．Machine．6．Which one makes up most of the garbage in Pacific from the passage?A．Fishing vessels． B．Dolphins and seals．C．Giant tubes．D．Abandoned fishing gear．7．Why do some creatures in The Great Pacific Garbage Patch die of starvation?A．Because they are killed by ghost gear．B．Because they are suffocated by ghost gear．C．Because they don’t like eating plastic．D．Because they are not feeding properly．8．What is the main idea of the passage?A．A report about the death of marine life．B．News about the first machine to clean up ocean plastic．C．Information about ocean plastic．D．The reason for inventing a machine．CBilbao is Spain’s fourth largest city: a former shipbuilding community that faces out onto the Bay of Biscay. In the 1980s, the Basque regional government began a redevelopment programme for the city. They invited the best and the brightest in the international architectural world to design a new subway system, a new airport terminal, a new congress and music hall, and a new railway station. But, in order to raise the city’s growing global reputation (声誉), they wanted an art museum.In 1991 Basque officials approach ed the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation in New York and met Thomas Krens, the fourth director in the museum’s sixyear history. Krens wanted to build a European base for the Guggenheim and with this idea in mind, he came to Bilbao.But there was a problem. Krens could see at once that the site chosen by the city council for its new art museum, a former winebottling warehouse (仓库) in the center of town, was a nonstarter. Krens had two models in his head —the Pompidou Center and the Sydney Opera House. Both buildings needed a very large amount of space, and Bilbao, an over-crowded riverside city, did not seem to have the space.Then, by chance, Krens found the perfect site. As an athletic man, he went out running one April evening in 1991. His route took him past the Jesuit University overlooking the River Nervion, and it was here that he noticed, at one of the many curve s of the river, a semiderelict (半遗弃的) waterfront zone which was perfect for what he wanted to achieve. The site was accepted within a week, and Californian architect, Frank Gehry, was chosen to realize the project.Gehry says now, with laughter, “What is it? A dirty river and lots of rundown buildings.” Yet he reveled in the disorder and dirt of the post-industrial environment, and was determined not to change anything about the waterfront site.The Bilbao Guggenheim dominates (高耸于) the city at every turn. It is a modern art museum like no other, and a building that must rank as one of the eight wonders of the modern world. It’s well worth a visit and there aresome interesting works of art inside too.9．What happened to Bilbao in the 1980s?A．It became the center of modern art.B．It was given a completely new look.C．It gradually lost its global reputation.D．It redeveloped its shipbuilding industry.10．Why did Krens refuse the site chosen by the city council for the new art museum?A．It was not large enough.B．It was too close to the river.C．It was in a terribly dirty state.D．It was far from the city center.11．Where is the Bilbao Guggenheim located now?A．In the center of Bilbao.B．Near the Bay of Biscay.C．Beside the River Nervion.D．Inside the Jesuit University.12．What does the underlined part “reveled in”in Paragraph 5 mean?A．Feared. B．Enjoyed.C．Disliked. D．Learned.答案：A语篇解读：这是一篇说明文，讲述了V ocaliD公司创建了“人类声音银行”(Human Voicebank)，旨在利用志愿者的声音和高科技帮助语言障碍者拥有自己独特的声音。
高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练(三)指代猜测类(2021学年)
20１８届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练(三)指代猜测类编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望(2018届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解词义猜测题专练（三）指代猜测类）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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阅读理解词义猜测题专练（三) 指代猜测类Ａ(20１７·黄冈检测）On Chriｓtmａs Day, ２０03, a ｗｏmaｎ named Nanｃy Sue Browｎtｏok her daug ｈteｒaｎd gｒandchiｌdren to ｓｅe a ｍovie aｔ an AMC theateｒ。
Whｅn tｈe ｍoｖie was oｖer，ｔｈｅ crowd made for thｅｅxｉts. Ａｔheater eｍｐloyｅe had just fiｎｉsｈeｄ mopｐing ｔｈe hａlｌwａy ａnd dutｉfulｌｙ plaｃｅd ｔhe “w ｅt flｏor” sign iｎ the ｓlippery arｅａ. No one ｓlｉpped due to ｔｈｅ wｅｔｃoｎdiｔｉons, bｕt soｍeone did manage to knocｋ over the sｉgn. And ｂy the ｔimｅＭs．Ｂrown ｇoｔto tｈe area, ｔhｅ siｇn wａs ｌｙing ｏｎ tｈe floｏr。
Aｎd ｓhortly tｈereａｆter, so was she. Her foot got caｕght iｎ tｈe ｓign，ｉｎ a bad way, ａｎd sｈe felｌ。
2018届高三英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第二讲词义猜测题201801121145
第二讲词义猜测题题型1 猜测单词类[示例] (2016·全国卷Ⅱ，B)Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare，“But I’m just not creative.”27．What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Mistake. B．Drawback.C．Difficulty. D．Burden.[解题思路]第一步阅读文章，在画线词前后找出相关信息词①Encouraging__this__kind__of__thinking__has__a__downside.②I__ran__the__risk__of__losing__those__students__who__had__a__different__style__of__thi nking.第二步对比信息词与选项，找出符合题干要求的选项尝试解答____B____[答题技巧]1．识别题干关键(1)The underlined word...probably means____________．(2)Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word...?2．“文中信息”巧利用(1)同义或定义解释法。
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专题限时集训(十一)词义猜测之句子的含义和代词的指代对象(对应学生用书第111页)A(2017·福建省普通高中毕业班质量检查)After four silent years，the 27yearold British singer Adele Adkins has finally introduced herself to the world again with Hello，the opening song from her third album 25，which will come out on Nov.20.Although Adele is a very successful singer now，music wasn't always what she saw herself doing．At age 10，when she saw her grandmother's pain over the death of Adele's grandfather，she pictured herself as a heart surgeon.“I wanted to fix people's hearts.”she told the UK music website iD，remembering the childhood interest she'd had in biology classes until she found out that her real talent was for singing.Adele didn't go to medical school，but many would agree that she still has healing(治愈)powers.“Her songs find the kind of memory every listener holds somewhere in their heart. This kind of feeling is what people have always liked in Adele，”said The Telegraph.“She writes a pop diary，sharing the simple secrets of her heart.”Most successful pop stars make albums at a fast pace，but not Adele.After her second album 21 won the 2012 Grammy Award for Album of the Year，she made it clear with her label that she would spend“fo ur or five years”making her next album.She told Vogue magazine，“I won't come out with new music until it's better than 21.”Instead of seeking fame，Adele remained silent and moved to the countryside.In her free time，she loved to watch TV series Teen Mom，American Horror Story，and The Walking Dead.Living life as normally as possible is important to the singer's art.“Nobody wants to listen to a record from someone who's not living in the real world，”Adele told iD.“So I live a lowkey life for my fans.”【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了英国著名歌手阿黛尔在音乐上成功的秘密。
1．What does the text mainly tell us?A．The popularity of Adele's album 25.B．The healing powers of Adele's music.C．The secrets of Adele's success in music.D．The reason for Adele's becoming a singer.C[考查主旨大意。
通读全文，尤其是最后三段可推知，本文主要讲述了阿黛尔在音乐上成功的秘密，故选C。
]2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A．Adele wasn't interested in music.B．Adele wasn't good at music at first.C．Music wasn't very important in Adele's life.D．Music wasn't all Adele wanted to be devoted to.D[考查句意猜测。
根据第二段第二句“At age 10，when she saw her grandmother's pain over the death of Adele's grandfather，she pictured herself as a heart surgeon.”可推知，10岁时，当阿黛尔看到祖父的去世给祖母带来的伤痛时，她想成为一名外科医生，减轻别人的痛苦。
故D项正确。
]3．Why doesn't Adele want to make albums at a fast pace?A．To live a lowkey life.B．To win the Grammy Award.C．To guarantee the quality of her music.D．To share the secrets of her heart as a musician.C[考查推理判断。
根据第五段中的“She told Vogue magazine，‘I won't come out with new music until it's better than 21.’”，并结合最后两段的整体内容可推知，阿黛尔放慢做音乐的速度是为了追求高质量的音乐，故选C。
] 4．What can we know about Adele?A．Her album Hello will come out on Nov.20.B．She has kept a diary since childhood.C．She moved to the countryside before 2012.D．Her works are based on real life.D[考查细节理解。
根据最后一段最后两句“‘Nobody wants to listen to a record from someone who's not living in the real world，’Adele told iD.‘So I livea lowkey life for my fans.’”可知，阿黛尔的音乐作品基于真实的生活。
]B【导学号：52384055】(2017·安徽师大附中模拟)Happiness is a journeyWe always convince ourselves that life will be better after we get married，have a baby and another.Then we are frustrated that the kids aren't old enough and we'll be more content when they are.After that we're frustrated that we have teenagers to deal with.We will certainly be happy when they are out of that stage.We always tell ourselves that our life will be complete when our spouse(配偶)gets his or her act together，when we get a nice car，and are able to go on a nice vacation when we retire.The truth is there's no better time than right now.If not now，when？Our life will always be filled with challenges.It's best to admit this to ourselves and decide to be happy anyway.One of my favorite quotes comes from Alfred D'Souza.He said，“For a long time it had seemed to me that life was about to begin a real life.But there were always some obstacles in the way，something to be gotten through first，some unfinished business，time still to be served，a debt to be paid.Then life would begin.At last it dawned on me that these obstacles were my life.”This perspective has helped me to see that there is no way to happiness.Happiness is the way.So treasure every moment that you have.And remember that time waits for no one.So stop waiting until you finish school；until you go back to school；until you get married；until you get divorced；until you have kids；until you retire；until you get a new car or home；until spring；until you are born again to decide that there is no better time than right now to be happy...Happiness is a journey，not a destination.So，work like you don't need money，love like you've never been hurt，and dance like no one's watching.【语篇解读】我们的生活充满挑战，挑战就是我们的生活，因此，珍惜每一刻，停止等待。