injection moulding of thin wall
注塑模具设计外文翻译
毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译及原文（2012届）题目电话机三维造型与注塑模具设计指导教师院系工学院班级学号姓名二〇一一年十二月六日【译文一】塑料注塑模具并行设计Assist.Prof.Dr. A. Y AYLA /Prof.Dr. Paş a YAYLA摘要塑料制品制造业近年迅速成长。
其中最受欢迎的制作过程是注塑塑料零件。
注塑模具的设计对产品质量和效率的产品加工非常重要。
模具公司想保持竞争优势,就必须缩短模具设计和制造的周期。
模具是工业的一个重要支持行业，在产品开发过程中作为一个重要产品设计师和制造商之间的联系。
产品开发经历了从传统的串行开发设计制造到有组织的并行设计和制造过程中,被认为是在非常早期的阶段的设计。
并行工程的概念(CE)不再是新的,但它仍然是适用于当今的相关环境。
团队合作精神、管理参与、总体设计过程和整合IT工具仍然是并行工程的本质。
CE过程的应用设计的注射过程包括同时考虑塑件设计、模具设计和注塑成型机的选择、生产调度和成本中尽快设计阶段。
介绍了注射模具的基本结构设计。
在该系统的基础上,模具设计公司分析注塑模具设计过程。
该注射模设计系统包括模具设计过程及模具知识管理。
最后的原则概述了塑料注射模并行工程过程并对其原理应用到设计。
关键词:塑料注射模设计、并行工程、计算机辅助工程、成型条件、塑料注塑、流动模拟1、简介注塑模具总是昂贵的,不幸的是没有模具就不可能生产模具制品。
每一个模具制造商都有他/她自己的方法来设计模具,有许多不同的设计与建造模具。
当然最关键的参数之一,要考虑到模具设计阶段是大量的计算、注射的方法,浇注的的方法、研究注射成型机容量和特点。
模具的成本、模具的质量和制件质量是分不开的在针对今天的计算机辅助充型模拟软件包能准确地预测任何部分充填模式环境中。
这允许快速模拟实习,帮助找到模具的最佳位置。
工程师可以在电脑上执行成型试验前完成零件设计。
工程师可以预测过程系统设计和加工窗口,并能获得信息累积所带来的影响,如部分过程变量影响性能、成本、外观等。
注塑模具专业英语
注塑模具专业英语整理： LuisInjection Mold Technical Terms〔一〕模具专业根本用词Professional Terms1．塑料— plastic, resin2．样件— sample3．钢料— steel4．注塑机— injection machine, press5．产品— part, product, moulding6．模具— mold, mould, toolA 简易模〔样板模〕— prototype mold B量产用模具— production mold 7．三维造型〔数模〕—3D model, 3D data8．二维产品图— 2D part drawing9．设计— design10．制造—manufacture, build up, construction, fabrication, make11．检验— check, inspection12．测量— measure, inspection13．修改— change, modify, correction14．工程更改— engineer change15．质量— quality16．数量— quantity17．基准— datum, reference〔二〕如何解析 2D产品图？ How to read 2D part drawing?一．产品几何 Geometry1．点— point2．线〔边〕— line, edge3．面 faceA 侧面— side B外表— surface C 外观面— appearance surface 4．壁厚—wall thickness, stock thickness5．加强筋〔骨位〕—rib6．孔—hole7．细长的槽—slot8．柱位—boss9．角—cornerA 圆角— filletB 倒角—chamferC 尖角—sharp corner 10．斜度—angle, taper11. 凹槽— recess , groove二. 分模信息 Splitting1．分型线—parting line (P/L), splitting line2．主分模方向—main direction, line of draw3．浇口设定—gating一．产品标识Part Identification1．产品名称—part name (P/N)2．产品编号 +版本号—part number + revision (Rev.)3．型腔号—cavity number4．材料标记—material symbol5．模具编号—mold number (no.)6．日期印—dating insert, date code7．循环印—cycling code8．公司标志—company logo二. 技术要求 Specification (Special Requirement)1．工程启动表Kick-off sheet1〕工程名称—program name, project name2〕产品名称—part name, product name, part description3〕产品编号—part number (P/N)4〕客户模号—customer mold no.5〕工程启动日期—kick off date, start date6〕工程完成日期—due date, lead time7〕内模件用钢—tool steel8〕型腔数量—number of cavities9〕数据文件编号—data file no.10〕注塑材料—resin, plastic, raw material11〕收缩率—shrink, shrinkage, shrink factor12〕注塑机吨位—molding machine size, injection machine size 13〕成型周期—cycle time14〕型腔光洁度—cavity polish15〕型芯光洁度—core polish16〕皮纹〔晒纹〕—texture, grain17〕拔模斜度—draft angle, removal taper18〕注塑件颜色及光泽—molded color & gloss19〕模具加工地—manufacturing facility20〕热流道供给商—manifold manufacturer, manifold supplier 21〕浇口位置—gate location / position22〕浇口类型—gate type产品标识— stamp information, part identification特殊要求— special instructions1．产品质量及外观要求Part Quality & Appearance Requirement 1〕尺寸及公差Dimension & Tolerance①重要尺寸—critical dimension, important dim., key dim.②理论尺寸—nominal dimension③实际尺寸—actual dimension④公差—tolerance⑤公差带—tolerance range⑥尺寸超差—dimension deviation⑦接受〔合格〕—accept, OK⑧拒绝〔不合格〕—reject, refuse, obsolete, NG⑨让步接受—concession, special admit⑩返工—re-work2〕产品缺陷〔常见的〕Defects (normal)①水— sink mark, shrinkage②，毛— flash, burr③段差— mismatch discrepancy④，蛇— snake marks, streak⑤弯曲，形— warpage, distortion⑥打不〔缺料〕— short shot⑦熔接— weld line⑧多胶— unwanted plastic⑨拉— damage2．品外 Part Appearance①品色— part color②品光— gloss③皮粒度— grain3．常用、及短Normal Word, Short Sentence1〕—per side2〕双— both sides3〕参加，添加— add, incorporate4〕去除，取消— remove, cancel5〕足⋯的要求，符合，与⋯要求一致— according to, conform to, satisfy, meet 6〕要求，需要— require, need, demand7〕确— be approved, agreed by⋯8〕允— permit, allow1〕在⋯范之内—within2〕不可以，不允，禁止—free from, prevent, avoid3〕⋯，除非有另指—⋯ unless otherwise specified4〕⋯或少于—⋯ or less5〕自化运作—automatic operation6〕未注尺寸〔形状〕三造型Non dimensioned contour (detailed shape) see 3D model.7〕分型上的〔披〕或段差小于⋯Burrs o r discrepancy on the P/L shall be⋯or less.Title Block1．品名称—part name2．号+ 版本号〔索引号〕—drawing no. + level (index)3．一般公差—general tolerance〔三〕如何制模准？How to read tooling standard?一．模具构Mold Construction TermsA ．模架Mold Base1．模架量化特征Measurement Feature①X X 高— Length X Width X Height②模具高度尺寸〔模厚〕—stack height of mould③模具重量—total weight of mould, mould thickness2．定模底板—front plate, top clamping plate, clamp plate, clamping plate3．定模板—cavity plate, fixed mould plate, A–plate4．动模板—core plate, moving mould plate, B–plate5．支撑板—support plate, backing plate6．间隔板 ,方铁—support blocks, rails, risers, spacer block7．顶杆固定板—retaining plate, ejector retaining plate8．顶板— ejector plate ，bottom clamping plate9．动模底板—back plate10．导柱—guide pillar, leader pin, guide pin11．导套—guide bush, leader pin bush12．复位杆—return pin, push-back pin13．弹簧—spring14．撑头—support pillar15．顶针板导柱、导套—ejection guide pin / bush16．垃圾钉—stop pin, stop button17．模脚—standing-off pillars18．标牌—plaque scutcheonB．成型零部件moulding components1．型芯— core insert2．型腔— cavity insert3．镶针— core pin4．镶块— sub-insert, split5．滑块— slide, sliding split6．斜顶— lifter, angled-lift split, loose coreA 斜顶头— lifter headB 斜顶杆— lifter rod, lifter shaft 7．成型顶杆— moulding face pin, form pinC．浇注系统Feed System1．塑料 Mouldinga．主流道— sprueb．分流道 runner①主分流道— main runner②二级分流道— branch runner 分流道断面形状 cross-sectional shape of runner①圆形— full round②半圆形— semicircular③梯形—trapezoidalc．浇口 gate常用浇口形式 normal gate type :①边缘浇口〔 J 型浇口〕— edge gate, J –gate②侧浇口— side gate③潜伏式浇口— sub-gate, subsurface gate, submarine gate, cashew gate④潜伏式二次浇口 (隧道式浇口 ) — tunnel gate onto feeder post⑤点浇口— pin gate⑥直接浇口 (主流道型浇口 ) — sprue gate, direct gate⑦护耳式浇口— tab gated．模腔— impressione．冷料井—cold slug wellf ．热流道—hot runner2．模具零件mold componentsa．定位圈—locating ring, location ring, register ringb．浇口套—sprue bushc．挡圈—stop ringd．浇口镶块—gate inserte．热流道板—manifoldf ．热嘴—hot drop hot sprue分型面及其锁紧、排气 Parting Surface, inter-locking & venting1．分型线— parting line ( P/L )2．镶拼线—bodyline, joint line3．平 / 不平的分型面—flat / non–flat parting surface4．封胶面—shut off surfaces, seal-off surfaces5．擦穿位—shut off6．碰穿位—kiss-off7．管位— parting line lock8．分型面的释放(避空 ) — relief of parting surface9．分型面的平衡—balancing of parting surface10．锁紧角度—locking angle11．锁紧力—clamping force12．锁模块—safety strap13．精定位—Interlock, die lock14．困气—air trap15．排气槽—vent, vent slotE．滑块机构Slide1．驱动 Actuation①斜导柱—angle pin, horn pin, cam pin②弹簧—spring③油缸—hydraulic cylinder2．制动Detention①滑块固定器—slide retainer②弹簧制动器—spring-loaded detention (plunger)③挡钉、挡板—stop pin, stop plate, slide stop3．导轨— gib, guide strip4．锁紧块〔楔紧块〕—heel block, locking heel, wedge block, chase block 5．耐磨片—wear plate, wear strip6．压板— retainer, gib7．螺钉— screw8．定位销—dowel pinF．斜顶机构Lifter1．斜顶头—lifter head2．斜顶杆—lifter rod, lifter shaft3．开口销—split pin4．固定板〔压板〕—retainer plate5．耐磨片—wear plate1．铜导套—bronze bushing2．衬套— spacer3．导轨— L –gib4．滑动块—slideG．顶出系统Ejection System1．根本词汇Basic Word①顶出行程— ejection stroke②模具开档— daylight③粘模— stick④产品脱模— part is push off from, clear part of mould, separation of part 2．顶板机构 Ejector plate assembly①顶板— ejector plate②顶板固定板— retaining plate③推板— stripper plate④推板导柱— ejector guide pin⑤推板导套— ejector guide bush⑥撑头— support pillar3．复位机构 Return System①复位杆〔回程杆〕— return pin, push –back pin②垃圾钉— stop pin, stop button③压簧— compressed spring④碟簧— a stack of― Belleville‖ washers⑤早复位机构— early return system⑥强制复位机构— positive return system4．顶出方法 Ejection Techniques1〕顶杆顶出— pin ejection2〕顶管顶出— sleeve ejection3〕顶块顶出— bar ejection4〕扁顶顶出— blade ejection5〕顶板顶出— stripper ejection6〕油缸顶出— hydraulic ejection7〕气顶— air ejection8〕阀门顶出— valve ejection5．顶出元件 Ejection Elements1〕拉料杆— sprue puller, sucker pin2〕顶杆— ejector pin3〕阶梯式顶杆— stepped ejector pin1〕顶管—ejection sleeve, sleeve2〕扁顶—ejector blade, slabbed off ejector pin3〕顶块—stripper bar4〕顶环—stripper ring5〕推板—stripper plate6〕加速顶—accelerated ejection1．顶出辅助机构Supplementary operating system1〕弹簧柱塞器—spring–loaded plunger2〕弹珠定位器—ball catch system3〕插销式锁扣—Latch–lock4〕尼龙拉杆装置—friction puller device2．电器元件Electric Components1〕压力传感器—pressure transducer2〕限位开关—limit switchF．冷却系统Cooling System1．根本词汇Basic Word1〕温差— temperature variation2〕水孔〔水道〕—waterlines, water-ways, flow-way, channel3〕水路— cooling circuit4〕水路示意图—water schematic, schematic circuit5〕冷却液—coolant, coolant fluid6〕内连接—interconnect7〕外连接—external connection8〕出口、入口—outlet、inlet9〕漏水— water leakage2．水路分布Circuits1〕阶梯式水路—stepped system2〕分隔板水路—baffled hole system3〕斜孔式水路—angled hole system3．水路元件Components1〕闷头〔螺塞、止水栓〕—〔 threadless〕 brass pressure plug : female plug & male 2〕隔水片—baffle3〕密封圈—O–ring4〕快插水路接头—quick disconnect fitting, quick connection adaptor5〕弯头— elbow6〕偶合器〔连接器、接头〕—adaptor (including a plug & a socket)7〕橡皮管—rubber hose1〕分水板 ,集水块—water manifoldG．螺纹、螺纹孔& 螺钉Thread, thread hole & screw1．螺纹— thread2．管螺纹—pipe thread3．螺纹孔—screw hole, tapped hole4．起吊孔—handling hole, jack screw hole, eye bolt hole5．螺钉— screw6．内六角螺钉—socket headed cap screw〔s.h.c.s.〕7．沉头螺钉—flat headed cap screw〔〕8．螺栓— bolt9．螺母— nut10．锁紧螺母— locknut11．螺纹标准 Thread Standard①公制标准— Metric②英制标准— Imperial③英制管螺纹标准— British Standard Pipe thread 〔 BSP〕④美制管螺纹标准— NPT⑤美制粗螺纹标准— United Coarse thread 〔 UNC 〕⑥美制细螺纹标准— United Fine thread 〔 UNF 〕H ．润滑Lubrication1．润滑槽—grease groove2．加油管—grease line3．油杯— lubrication fittingI. 测量仪器Measuring Instruments1．游标卡尺—vernier caliper2．千分尺—micrometer3．高度规—height gauge4．刻度规—dial gauge5．三坐标测量仪〔三次元〕—Coordinate Measure Machine〔CMM〕6．塞规— pin gauge7．圆角量规—radii gauge8．轮廓投影机— profile projectorJ．注塑机参数Injection Machine Parameter1．注塑机规格参数Injection Machine Specification①锁紧类型 clamp typea．油缸— hydraulic b．肘杆式— toggle②垂直注塑机导柱间距— tie bar vertical clearance③水平注塑机导柱间距— tie bar horizontal clearance④台板尺寸— platen dim.⑤最小 /最大模厚— mold height Min. / Max., Min. / Max. mold thickness⑥最小 /最大注塑机开档— open daylight Min. / Max.⑦锁紧行程— clamp stroke⑧锁紧力— clamping force⑨顶出行程— ejector stroke⑩顶出力— ejector force。
模具毕业设计英译汉(Injection_molding)
Injection moldingInjection molding (British English: moulding) is a manufacturing process for producing parts from both thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic materials. Material is fed into a heated barrel, mixed, and forced into a mold cavity where it cools and hardens to the configuration of the mold cavity.After a product is designed, usually by an industrial designer or an engineer, molds are made by a moldmaker (or toolmaker) from metal, usually either steel or aluminum, and precision-machined to form the features of the desired part. Injection molding is widely used for manufacturing a variety of parts, from the smallest component to entire body panels of cars.ApplicationsInjection molding is used to create many things such as wire spools, packaging, bottle caps, automotive dashboards, pocket combs, and most other plastic products available today. Injection molding is the most common method of part manufacturing. It is ideal for producing high volumes of the same object.Some advantages of injection molding are high production rates, repeatable high tolerances, the ability to use a wide range of materials, low labor cost, minimal scrap losses, and little need to finish parts after molding. Some disadvantages of this process are expensive equipment investment, potentially high running costs, and the need to design moldable parts.EquipmentPaper clip mold opened in molding machine; the nozzle is visible at rightMain article: Injection molding machineInjection molding machines consist of a material hopper, an injection ram or screw-type plunger, and a heating unit. They are also known as presses, they hold the molds in which the components are shaped. Presses are rated by tonnage, which expresses the amount of clamping force that the machine can exert. This force keeps the mold closed during the injection process. Tonnage can vary from less than 5 tons to 6000 tons, with the higher figures used in comparatively few manufacturingoperations. The total clamp force needed is determined by the projected area of the part being molded. This projected area is multiplied by a clamp force of from 2 to 8 tons for each square inch of the projected areas. As a rule of thumb, 4 or 5 tons/in2 can be used for most products. If the plastic material is very stiff, it will require more injection pressure to fill the mold, thus more clamp tonnage to hold the mold closed. The required force can also be determined by the material used and the size of the part, larger parts require higher clamping force.MoldMold or die are the common terms used to describe the tooling used to produce plastic parts in molding.Since molds have been expensive to manufacture, they were usually only used in mass production where thousands of parts were being produced. Typical molds are constructed from hardened steel, pre-hardened steel, aluminum, and/or beryllium-copper alloy. The choice of material to build a mold from is primarily one of economics; in general, steel molds cost more to construct, but their longer lifespan will offset the higher initial cost over a higher number of parts made before wearing out. Pre-hardened steel molds are less wear-resistant and are used for lower volume requirements or larger components. The typical steel hardness is 38-45 on the Rockwell-C scale. Hardened steel molds are heat treated after machining. These are by far the superior in terms of wear resistance and lifespan. Typical hardness ranges between 50 and 60 Rockwell-C (HRC). Aluminum molds can cost substantially less, and, when designed and machined with modern computerized equipment, can be economical for molding tens or even hundreds of thousands of parts. Beryllium copper is used in areas of the mold that require fast heat removal or areas that see the most shear heat generated. The molds can be manufactured either by CNC machining or by using Electrical Discharge Machining processes.Mold DesignStandard two plates tooling –core and cavity are inserts in a mold base – "Family mold" of 5 different partsThe mold consists of two primary components, the injection mold (A plate) and the ejector mold (B plate). Plastic resin enters the mold through a sprue in the injection mold, the sprue bushing is to seal tightly against the nozzle of the injection barrel of the molding machine and to allow molten plastic to flow from the barrel into the mold, also known as cavity The sprue bushing directs the molten plastic to the cavity images through channels that are machined into the faces of the A and B plates. These channels allow plastic to run along them, so they are referred to as runners.The molten plastic flows through the runner and enters one or more specialized gates and into the cavity geometry to form the desired part.The amount of resin required to fill the sprue, runner and cavities of a mold is a shot. Trapped air in the mold can escape through air vents that are ground into the parting line of the mold. If the trapped air is not allowed to escape, it is compressed by the pressure of the incoming material and is squeezed into the corners of the cavity, where it prevents filling and causes other defects as well. The air can become so compressed that it ignites and burns the surrounding plastic material. To allow for removal of the molded part from the mold, the mold features must not overhang one another in the direction that the mold opens, unless parts of the mold are designed to move from between such overhangs when the mold opens (utilizing components called Lifters).Sides of the part that appear parallel with the direction of draw (The axis of the cored position (hole) or insert is parallel to the up and down movement of the mold as it opens and closes)are typically angled slightly with (draft) to ease release of the part from the mold. Insufficient draft can cause deformation or damage. The draft required for mold release is primarily dependent on the depth of the cavity: the deeper the cavity, the more draft necessary. Shrinkage must also be taken into account when determining the draft required.If the skin is too thin, then the molded part will tend to shrink onto the cores that form them while cooling, and cling to those cores or part may warp, twist, blister or crack when the cavity is pulled away. The mold is usually designed so that the moldedpart reliably remains on the ejector (B) side of the mold when it opens, and draws the runner and the sprue out of the (A) side along with the parts. The part then falls freely when ejected from the (B) side. Tunnel gates, also known as submarine or mold gate, is located below the parting line or mold surface. The opening is machined into the surface of the mold on the parting line. The molded part is cut (by the mold) from the runner system on ejection from the mold. Ejector pins, also known as knockout pin, is a circular pin placed in either half of the mold (usually the ejector half), which pushes the finished molded product, or runner system out of a mold.The standard method of cooling is passing a coolant (usually water) through a series of holes drilled through the mold plates and connected by hoses to form a continueous pathway. The coolant absorbs heat from the mold (which has absorbed heat from the hot plastic) and keeps the mold at a proper temperature to solidify the plastic at the most efficient rate.To ease maintenance and venting, cavities and cores are divided into pieces, called inserts, and sub-assemblies, also called inserts, blocks, or chase blocks. By substituting interchangeable inserts, one mold may make several variations of the same part.More complex parts are formed using more complex molds. These may have sections called slides, that move into a cavity perpendicular to the draw direction, to form overhanging part features. When the mold is opened, the slides are pulled away from the plastic part by using st ationary “angle pins” on the stationary mold half. These pins enter a slot in the slides and cause the slides to move backward when the moving half of the mold opens. The part is then ejected and the mold closes. The closing action of the mold causes the slides to move forward along the angle pins.Some molds allow previously molded parts to be reinserted to allow a new plastic layer to form around the first part. This is often referred to as overmolding. This system can allow for production of one-piece tires and wheels.2-shot or multi-shot molds are designed to "overmold" within a single molding cycle and must be processed onspecialized injection molding machines with two or more injection units. This process is actually an injection molding process performed twice. In the first step, the base color material is molded into a basic shape. Then the second material is injection-molded into the remaining open spaces. That space is then filled during the second injection step with a material of a different color.A mold can produce several copies of the same parts in a single "shot". The number of "impressions" in the mold of that part is often incorrectly referred to as cavitation. A tool with one impression will often be called a single impression(cavity) mold.A mold with 2 or more cavities of the same parts will likely be referred to as multiple impression (cavity) mold.Some extremely high production volume molds (like those for bottle caps) can have over 128 cavities.In some cases multiple cavity tooling will mold a series of different parts in the same tool. Some toolmakers call these molds family molds as all the parts are related.Effects on the material propertiesThe mechanical properties of a part are usually little affected. Some parts can have internal stresses in them. This is one of the reasons why it's good to have uniform wall thickness when molding. One of the physical property changes is shrinkage. A permanent chemical property change is the material thermoset, which can't be remelted to be injected again.Tool MaterialsTool steel or beryllium-copper are often used. Mild steel, aluminum, nickel or epoxy are suitable only for prototype or very short production runs.Modern hard aluminum (7075 and 2024 alloys) with proper mold design, can easily make molds capable of 100,000 or more part life.Geometrical PossibilitiesThe most commonly used plastic molding process, injection molding, is used to create a large variety of products with different shapes and sizes. Most importantly, they can create products with complex geometry that many other processes cannot. There are a few precautions when designing something that willbe made using this process to reduce the risk of weak spots. First, streamline your product or keep the thickness relatively uniform. Second, try and keep your product between 2 to20 inches.The size of a part will depend on a number of factors (material, wall thickness, shape,process etc.). The initial raw material required may be measured in the form of granules, pellets or powders. Here are some ranges of the sizes.MachiningMolds are built through two main methods: standard machining and EDM. Standard Machining, in its conventional form, has historically been the method of building injection molds. With technological development, CNC machining became the predominant means of making more complex molds with more accurate mold details in less time than traditional methods.The electrical discharge machining (EDM) or spark erosion process has become widely used in mold making. As well as allowing the formation of shapes that are difficult to machine, the process allows pre-hardened molds to be shaped so that no heat treatment is required. Changes to a hardened mold by conventional drilling and milling normally require annealing to soften the mold, followed by heat treatment to harden it again. EDM is a simple process in which a shaped electrode, usually made of copper or graphite, is very slowly lowered onto the mold surface (over a period of many hours), which is immersed in paraffin oil. A voltage applied between tool and mold causes spark erosion of the mold surface in the inverse shape of the electrode.CostThe cost of manufacturing molds depends on a very large set of factors ranging from number of cavities, size of the parts (and therefore the mold), complexity of the pieces, expected tool longevity, surface finishes and many others. The initial cost is great, however the piece part cost is low, so with greater quantities the overall price decreases.Injection processSmall injection molder showing hopper, nozzle and die areaWith Injection Molding, granular plastic is fed by gravity from a hopper into a heated barrel. As the granules are slowly moved forward by a screw-type plunger, the plastic is forced into a heated chamber, where it is melted. As the plunger advances, the melted plastic is forced through a nozzle that rests against the mold, allowing it to enter the mold cavity through a gate and runner system. The mold remains cold so the plastic solidifies almost as soon as the mold is filled.Injection Molding CycleThe sequence of events during the injection mold of a plastic part is called the injection molding cycle. The cycle begins when the mold closes, followed by the injection of the polymer into the mold cavity. Once the cavity is filled, a holding pressure is maintained to compensate for material shrinkage. In the next step, the screw turns, feeding the next shot to the front screw.This causes the screw to retract as the next shot is prepared. Once the part is sufficiently cool, the mold opens and the part is ejected.Molding trialWhen filling a new or unfamiliar mold for the first time, where shot size for that mold is unknown, a technician/tool setter usually starts with a small shot weight and fills gradually until the mold is 95 to 99% full. Once this is achieved a small amount of holding pressure will be applied and holding time increased until gate freeze off (solidification time) has occurred. Gate solidification time is an important as it determines cycle time, which itself is an important issue in the economics of the production process. Holding pressure is increased until the parts are free of sinks and part weight has been achieved. Once the parts are good enough and have passed any specific criteria, a setting sheet is produced for people to follow in the future. The method to setup an unknown mold the first time can be supported by installing cavity pressure sensors. Measuring the cavity pressure as a function of time can provide a good indication of the filling profile of the cavity. Once the equipment is set to successfully create the molded part, modern monitoring systems can save a reference curve of the cavity pressure. With that it is possible toreproduce the same part quality on another molding machine within a short setup time.Tolerances and SurfacesMolding tolerance is a specified allowance on the deviation in parameters such as dimensions, weights, shapes, or angles, etc. To maximize control in setting tolerances there is usually a minimum and maximum limit on thickness, based on the process used.Injection molding typically is capable of tolerances equivalent to an IT Grade of about 9–14. The possible tolerance of a thermoplastic or a thermoset is ±0.008 to ±0.002 inches. Surface finishes of two to four microinches or better are can be obtained. Rough or pebbled surfaces are also possible.Lubrication and CoolingObviously, the mold must be cooled in order for the production to take place. Because of the heat capacity, inexpensiveness, and availability of water, water is used as the primary cooling agent. To cool the mold, water can be channeled through the mold to account for quick cooling times. Usually a colder mold is more efficient because this allows for faster cycle times. However, this is not always true because crystalline materials require the opposite: a warmer mold and lengthier cycle time.InsertsMetal inserts can be also be injection molded into the workpiece. For large volume parts the inserts are placed in the mold using automated machinery. An advantage of using automated components is that the smaller size of parts allows a mobile inspection system that can be used to examine multiple parts in a decreased amount of time. In addition to mounting inspection systems on automated components, multiple axial robots are also capable of removing parts from the mold and place them in latter systems that can be used to ensure quality of multiple parameters. The ability of automated components to decrease the cycle time of the processes allows for a greater output of quality parts.Specific instances of this increased efficiency include the removal of parts from the mold immediately after the parts are created and use in conjunction with vision systems. Theremoval of parts is achieved by using robots to grip the part once it has become free from the mold after in ejector pins have been raised. The robot then moves these parts into either a holding location or directly onto an inspection system, depending on the type of product and the general layout of the rest of the manufacturer's production facility. Visions systems mounted on robots are also an advancement that has greatly changed the way that quality control is performed in insert molded parts. A mobile robot is able to more precisely determine the accuracy of the metal component and inspect more locations in the same amount of time as a human inspector.注塑成型注射制模（Injection moldin）是一种生产由热塑性塑料或热固性塑料所构成的部件的过程。
模具名词中英文对照
模具名词*＊＊中英对照＊***为大家提供点模具方面的中英对照希望对你们有帮助噢top view ----俯视图front view -———前视图side view ———-侧视图plane view ---—平面图contour —-----外型铣削pocket -————-挖槽flow line ---—罩一曲面multisurf ————-—多重曲面filter --—-—过滤ellipse ----—椭圆polar ———————极坐标arc endpoints--—-—两点画弧polygon ----—-—多边形isometric --—-——-等角视图zig zag -———-——双向one way -——--—-单向spline ---—--—圆滑曲线blend ——-—-—-顺接guide pin ----———-导针；边针；直边support pin ---—----—拉杆;水口边support pin collar ——--——--拉杆定位；水口边定位介子tapped hold for eyebolt —-———--吊模螺孔thermal expansion coefficient -————-—热膨胀系数welding rod —————-—熔接棒cavity plate; A bolster plate(holder material）—----———母模板(A板), 前模板stripper plate ---—--—-—活动板,推料板core plate -—---——-公模板（B板），后模板spacer block -—-—-—————-间隔板ejector retainer plate ---——-——-—-上顶针板ejector plate -——--—----—下顶针板pin point gate system -———---————小水口系统side gate system —-—--—-—--—大水口系统infrared—transmitter —-——-—-—-——-红外线发射器infrared-receiver --—-———-----红外线接受器synthetic resin -—-----—----合成权脂air blow gun（with nozzles＆hose）—-——--—--——-————-气枪spiral hose ------—--—-——-——-螺旋形的；盘旋的guide strip -———--———--—-—-行位导轨ejector rod ——-—--—--—-—-—斜坊set screw ------——-固定螺丝countersunk screw -—--—-—-—沉头螺丝hex screws —---—-——胚头螺丝shoulder screw --—----—---———-—-带肩螺丝residual stress --———-—-—-——---—-残余应力tensile --—-——--——————--—--————--—-—-———-张力electricity erode -----—-—---——----电蚀刻ohm meter —--——---—---——---—-电阻表tubular dowel ————-———-———---——管钉,销钉abrasive stone ——-—----————————-研磨石材SPI Mold Finish Comparison Kit ——-——--——-—---—--—SPI模具抛光比照工具rolled -----—---—---——-——热轧forged -——-————--————--—-热锻extrude -—------————-—————挤压cold drawn -—-————-———------—-冷拉corrosive plastics —--——-——-——————-—防腐塑料tough —-—-——--—--————--硬度anneal —-—----—---——————n.退火service life --——-------——-——-———注塑寿命high viscosity —-—-—--——----—--—粘度较高的extension plug ——-———--———-——-—--延伸尾塞angle plug --—-——----——-—----—斜角尾塞thermocouple connector ——-——-—-----—--—-热电偶连结头hydraulic system --——----—-——---—--——-—（注塑机的)油压系统temperature control zone -—-—-———---——-———-—温控区barrel heating capacity —---—-———----------—料筒加热能力screwtorque -—————-—-—---—————--———螺杆力矩screw speed -—-—-—-—-——-———---—-—-—螺杆速度screwstroke ——-——-—--———-—---—--———-—螺杆行程nozzle contact force ----——-—-———-—-—————-热嘴接触力screw L/D ratio -—-----————-——-螺杆长度/直径比例theoretical shot volume --——-—-—--—-——理论的注射容量clamp force ——--—-—-—-—-—---————合模力lock force ——--—---————--—----------—-锁模力internalheated -—-----—--——--—-——————-—内部加热external heated ----—-—---———-——-—---—-—外部加热heating rod ---——-—-—-----—-—--—--—--加热棒air—gapinsulation —-—-——————-—---—-———--——空气隔绝层spare part （accesory）-—-——-——---—-——--—----——--备用件insulating ring ————-———----—-----—--——绝缘圈sealingwasher ——————————-—---—--——---—-垃圾钉adaptor —---——---————---—--—-适配器hole gauge ———---—-—-—--———--——-—孔深量测仪high—temperature grease -—--—----——--高温油脂thermal conductivity paste -—-———————————导热膏data cable ——---—---—————数据线compression mold base ———————————---—压缩模胚countersunk -—————-——-———-—-—埋头孔锥孔，沉孔mill ——--—-—--—--——压榨机;磨坊;碾磨;drill —-—————————-———钻头;钻床钻孔;钻通grind —--——--—---—-----磨擦;磨碎；磨光turn ———-——————--—--转动;旋转;翻转adapter plate -———--———---————————适配模板leader pin；shoulder leader pin ----—---———---—-导针；带肩导针（实心）angle pin（horn pin） ----——-——--——————-—斜针；斜边straight bushing ——-—--—-—-直导套(空心) shoulder bushing —-—---—---带肩导套sprue puller pin —-—-------唧咀扣针sprue spreader ---——-————-浇口分流锥runner spreader -—---------流道分流锥tapered interlocks(round ＆rectangular）———-—---——-—啤把锁bronze plated bushing ——----———--—----———镀铜导套guided ejection bushing -—-———-—--—--—--—--————-——-—导向导套toggle-lock early ejector return —---—--——--——-—--—-—-———-切换式早期回撞装置acceleratedknock-out —-——-----—-——-—---—--加速顶棍accelerated ejector -—---—--—-——-----—-—-加速顶针collapsible core —---——-----—--—-—-———可折迭式的型芯slide retainer -———-—---———-———--—-—-行位固定装置jiffy latch—lock assemblies ——————--———————-——---快速拉杆锁定装置tapped hole —-——--——--—-—-———-螺丝孔no resettable shot counter —-—-—-—---——-——-—-—-非复位注射计数器profiled ejector pin --——-———---—--—--—-—底面在有倾斜截面的顶针copper —-——---红铜brass -—-——-- 黄铜bronze -——--—-—青铜BeCu -—--—--—铍铜counterbore —--—-—-—-—-———-拔头，介子托fan gate -—-———----———-—--扇形入口fillet -----—-—---——--—圆形入口pin point gate —-—-———-—--——细水口hose clip ——-—-—--———-——入喉箍jiggle -----—-——-------斜顶British Standard Whitworth thread BSW —-——---——---——英制螺丝（粗牙）British Standard Fine Thread BSF —-—----—----—--—-——英制螺丝（幼牙）National Pipe Thread -————----—-—-————---—-—美制螺牙pressure plug -————-—-————--——喉塞pressure spring ——--—--——-—-——--—压力弹簧vent -—-—--——————---——- 疏气孔alignment strip -————--—-——------—-—斜锁ball catch ---———--———--—--—————弹弓波子bridge piece -—----——------——--水口铁Jiffy-matic connector ----—-—————--—-----—-快速连接喉All ejector blades must have key to avoid rotating。
注塑中英文对照
不良标签标示单整理整顿清扫清洁教养安全来料不良刮伤压痕螺栓热注射成型控制面板显示器安全门注射座螺杆料膛加热圈喷嘴定模板动模板成型机顶杆手动操作半自动操作全自动操作料膛清洗上料机温调机控制模具温度,保持在设定温度以内的温度控制设备参数监控画面对设备具体参数设定的画面,一般配有图表生产管理画面模板控制画面顶出控制画面加热管理画面注射速度画面注射压力画面保压控制画面计量控制画面报警显示画面最大高度最小高度能满足成型机性能的最小模具厚度锁模力锁模系统控制系统抽芯距白化制品破坏前变形引起的颜色差异缩痕收缩差异熔接线亮线冷熔接困气烧伤黑斑料纹烧焦色差脆化蠕变位移分层表面剥离三角洲效应方向收缩尺寸变化尺寸稳定性密度翘曲变形迟滞垂直于流动方向的收缩热变形温度脱模脱模斜度脱模困难内应力长链高分子凝固层比例取出粗加工伺服马达工序塑料件注射模斜销斜滑块悬臂搭扣连接模套型芯支架推块推杆推板复位杆扇形浇口浇口镶块圆柱头推杆扁顶杆连接推杆导套导柱浇口浇口长度浇口位置嵌件楔紧块凹模凹模拼块定模座板顶出系统设计顶出时间推板导套推板导柱冷料穴公模面模具温度支撑板隔板掏空型心拼块强度设计型芯固定板斜度母模面动模面斜槽导板推杆固定板弹性模量模具的 弹性变形加热圈定距拉板热流道板水平分型面热流道模具热塑性塑料注射模垫片拼块限位块限位丁浇口镶块钩型拉料杆球头拉料杆标准模架滑块煤油定位工作台车间故障低碳钢修正包装面板绘图机装模工花键条形码操作员课长外观检查内部检查前面板后面板电源按键工作间品质管理部门机械手车床工业酒精生锈换模装模修模到角淬火回火退火套筒无流道首件确认特采电极稳定性好气阀斜顶锁模块压条二板模三板模热嘴快接头扭距样品变形疲劳延展性翘曲熔接线脱模困难扭曲留痕鱼眼疲劳龟裂现象缩痕冻结浇口固化喷泉流动自由收缩中心趋向热熔接平均温度平均速度回流计量背压料筒溢料共混凸台分流道计算机辅助工程充填基本流动方式悬臂式卡扣毛细管流变仪型腔压力型腔 压力曲线中心温度热膨胀系数位移分布可压缩冷却效率冷却过程冷却速率冷却速度冷却阶段冷却系统冷却时间冷却水管锥板式流变仪冷却模拟冷却通道模面温度差分布弧制品产品轴钳工工作坯料黄铜毛刺铸钢压板轮廓制图点火花加工电极套管装配工磨光硬度应力集中应力断裂应力松弛应力集中源应力应变特性浇注系统纤维增强性材料纤维添加剂流动充填方式充填过程充填速率充填阶段充填时间注射力体积弯曲流动平衡流动控制流动长度流长比流动趋向流动模拟圆形流道三角筋半圆形流道热传导系数热传控制热传导速率冷却水管配置方式 玻璃化转变温度静置段冲击强度模内收缩流动方向的收缩率注射压力注射速度注射系统模内压力定压冷却阶段各向同性坚韧体积收缩率体积特性体积收缩率体积收缩 率分布长径比长度—厚度比线性收缩长期载荷隔热板热应力壁薄件螺纹型心螺纹型环熔体波前熔融指数成型温度计量区熔体流动速度微观结构带圆角的梯形流道再吸水模内收缩模具温度高分子链分子链的取向分子质量分布锥形定位件模架（注射模）塑料成型模具热塑性 塑料模具热固性塑料模具开模力模板闭合高度成型压力活动镶件动模动模座板多点进浇牛顿流体非牛顿流体喷嘴压力曲线过保压保压模拟保压流动保压压力保压过程保压阶段保压时间潜流效应冷却不均均匀度阀式浇口排气槽壁厚过度区域模具加工精度梯形流道护耳浇口絮流圆柱形塑料制品超声波焊接平头螺钉平行板流变仪制品装配制品设计制品尺寸制品收缩制品刚度制品强度制品顶出温度制品壁厚制品公差流道重量分型面点浇口塑料制品塑化平板型塑料制品脱膜后定压冷却入口压力压力控制压力差压力分布压力变化过程压力-体积-温度 关系成型循环加工参数投影面积赛马现象矩形流道增强增强成分增强筋筋筋的形状环行浇口流道浇道平衡流道截面积流道直径流道尺寸流道长度流道板份流道拉料杆螺杆旋转推流道板流道系统流道系统布局无流道模具封口压力半结晶型塑料半结晶齿壮设定的注塑压力曲线轴剪切剪切率切应力切应力分布剪切变稀特性短射短期载荷注射能力带肩推杆收缩率收缩收缩变形翘曲模拟收缩应力收缩空洞侧型心滑块导板银纹单浇口或多浇口表面层搭扣配合连接固化层，凝固层主流道浇口套拉料杆圆锥头拉料杆状态方程式阶跃式变化吸水程度吸水性塑料容积温度纤维素结晶型塑料玻璃纤维玻璃态低密度聚乙烯力学性能共塑物热物理特性热塑性塑料耐冲击聚苯乙烯黏度粘滞加热粘弹性交联结晶膨胀比热比体积热卡特性温度梯度热通量结晶热融化相变热高弹态热点相变温度熔点晶格英文术语qualitytolerancedefective product label identifying sheet listSeiriSeitonSeiketsuSeisoShitsukeSafedeficient purchasescratchdentsboltthermoplastic injection molding contorl platpro-facesaft doorenjection blendscrewfabbrelheaternozzleplammoving plamejector pinmansengle manautopurgeloaderproduct menutplam controlejector controlheat controlspeed controlfulling pressure controlpacking pressure controlexcit controlalarm viewmaximum daylightclamping forceclamping systemcontrol systemcore-pulling distancecore-pulling forcehydraulic systemshort shotjettingshrinkageasymmetric shrinkagelinescolor changeCold weldingair trapsburnblack specksblack streadsburn marksdiscolorationbrittlenessCreepDisplacementdelaminationdelta effectdiectional shrinkagedimensional variation dimensional stabilityDensitywarpagedistortionhesitationcross-flowshrinkagedeflection temperatu re demoldingdraftejection difficultiesinternal stresslong chain macromoleculesfrozen layer fractionremovalrough machiningservomotorworkstageplastic partsinjection mouldangle pin / finger camangled-lift / splitscantilever snap jointschase / bolster / frame Coreejector housing / mould base leg ejector padejector pinejector platepush-pack pinGate dimensions(sizes)disk gateedge gatefan gategating insertejector pin with cylindrical head flat ejector pinejector tie rodguide bushguide pillargategate lengthGate locationinsertheel lockcavity platecavity splitsfixed clamp plateejection system designejection timeejector bushingejector guide pillarcold-slug wellmale mold facemold temperaturebacking plate / support plate bafflecore outcore splitsDesign for strengthcore-retainer platedraft angleFamale mold facedynnamic mold facefinger guide plateejector retainer plateelastic moduluselastic deformation of toolheaterpuller plate; limit platehot-runner manifoldhorizontal parting linehot runner mouldinjection mold for thermoplastics gasketsplits(of a mould)stop blockstop pingating insertsprue puller,z-shapedsprue puller, ball headedstandard mould basescam slidestripper platesubmarine gatesupport pillarmould insertkerosenelocatemachine tablemachine shopmalfunctionlow carbon steelmodificationpackpanelplotterpress settersplinebarcodeoperatorsupervisorcosmetic inspectinner parts inspectfront platerear platepower buttonwork cellQC Sectionrobotlatheiudustrial alcoholrustdie changeto fix a dieto repair a diereverse angle = chamfer quenchingtemperingannealingsleaveRunner lessFAA first article assurance L/N Lot Number 特copper electrodegood stabilityvalvesangle from pinlock plateplate2-plate mold3-plate moldhot spruejiffy quick connector plug torquesamplecause analysisdefective productflashjettingdistortionfatigueductileWarpageweld lineejection difficultiestorsionflow marksfish eyesfatigueenvironmental stress crackresistancesink marksfreezegate freeze-offFountain Flowfree shrinkagecore orientationhot weldingAverage Temperatureaverage velocityback flowback pressurebarrelbleedingblendBossesBranched runnersCAE(computer aid engineering)Basic Flow Pattern in FillingCantilever snap (hook)Capillary viscometerCavity pressurecavity pressure profileCenter Temperaturecoefficient of thermal expansion displacement distributioncompressiblecooling efficiencycooling processcooling ratecooling rateCooling stagecooling systemcooling timecooling channelcone-and-plate viscometercool simulationcooling channel / cooling linedistribution of mold temperature difference cushionsectionapertureapplied loadsarcarticleaxisbench-workblankbrassburrcast steelclampcontourdrawingelectrochemical machining electrodeferrulefittergrindinghardnessStress concentrationstress crackingstress relaxationstress risersStress-strain behaviorfeed systemfiber-filled polymersfibersfillerfilling patternfilling processfilling ratefilling stagefilling timeejection forcefree volumeFlexuralflow balanceflow controlflow lengthflow length to thicknessflow orientationflow simulationFull-round runnerGussetsHalforound runnerheat transfer coefficientheat transfer controlheat transfer ratelayout of cooling channels Glass Transition Temperature,Tg holding stageholding timeImpact strengthin mold shrinkagein-flow shrinkageinjection pressureinjection speedinjection systemintemal mould pressure/cavity pressure isobaric coolingisotropictoughvolume shrinkagewolumetric Propertiesvolumetric shrindagevolumetric shrindage distribution, length-to-diameter ratiolength-to-thicknesslinear shrinkageLong-term loadthermal insulation boardthermal stressthinner walled partthread plug / threaded corethread ring /threaded cavitymeltmelt front (Advancement)melt index,MImelt temperaturemetering zoneMFRmicrostructureModified trapezoidal runnermoisture reabsorptionmold shrindagemold temperaturemolecular chainmolecular Chain Orientationmolecular weihght distribution,(MWD) mould ases locating elementsmould basesmould for plasticsmould for thermoplasticsmould for thermosetsmould opening forcemould platemould shut heihgtmoulding pressuremovable insert ,loose detailmovable mould / moving mouldmoving clamp plate / bottom clamp plate multiple gatingNewtonian fluidnon-Newtonian fluidNon-uniform Shrinkagenozzle pressure profileoverpackpack simulationpacking flowpacking pressurePacking ProcessPacking stagepacking timeunderflow effectuneven coolinguniformityvalve gatevent (of a mould)wall thickness transition regionstool tolerancesTrapezoidal runnertube gateturbulancecylinder-like partsUltrasonic weldingpan-head screwsparallel-plate viscometerPart AssemblyPart desingnpart dimensionPart ShrinkagePart StiffnessPart Strengthpart temperature at ejection/ejection tem Part thickness,thinkness of partPart Tolerancepart weightparting linepin-point gateplastic partsplasticizationplate-like partspost mold isobaric coolingPressure at the entrancepressure controlPressure differencePressure |DistributonPressure Historyprssure-volume-temperature relationship PVT process cycleprocessing parametersprojected arearace trackRectangular runnerreinforcedreinforcement contentreinforcing ribrelaxationResidual stressReynolds numberRheologyRibRib geometryring gaterunnerrunner balancerunner cross sectionrunner diameterrunner dimensions (sizes)runner lengthrunner platerunner pullerScrew rotation speedrunner stripper platerunner systemrunner system layoutsrunnerless mouldsealing pressuresemi-crystalline polymerssemi-crystallineserrationsSetted injection pressure profile shaftShearshear rateshear stressShear Stress Distributionshear-thinningshort shotshort term loadshot capacityshouldered ejector pinshrinkage rateshrinkageshrindage &warpage simulation shrinkage stressShrindage voidsslide coreside guide pinSilver streaksSingle vs.multiple gatesskin layersnap-fit Jointssolidification layerspruesprue bush / sprue busingsprue pullersprue puller,conical headedstate equationstep changeswitch-over positionthermal degradation temperature Amorphous polymersdegree of crystallinity degree of moisture absorption hygroscopic polymersBulk temperatureCA(Cellulosics)crystalline polymersGF (glass-fiber)glsaay stateLDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) mechanical performancecpolymerThermophysical Properties thermoplasticsHIPS(high impact polystyrene) viscosityviscous heatingViscoelastic behaviorcross-linkcrystallineswellSpecific HeatSpecific VolumeCalorimertric properties temperature gradientheat fluxHeat of CrystallizationHeat of Fusionheat of phase transitionHigh elastics satatehot spotTransition TemperatureMelting Temperature/TMlattice通用翻译满足或高于消费者期望的产品综合质量保证质量前提下允许尺寸的波动范围表明制品,不良或不合格内容的小说明表明制品,物品,地点等特性或作用的小说明必要与不必要的物品分开处理物品分门别类，按规定摆放并标识去除赃污防止再次发生将整理、整顿清扫制度化、标准化人人按照规定和制度行事，养成良好习惯自身安全,他人安全和设备安全上一工序的产品质量不符合本工序质量要求在制品表面因手或其它物体摩擦形成的影响制品外观质量的现象由于重力或压力引起接触面的痕迹,可影响外观美观起固定作用的栓件通过加热使物料熔化在注射到模具内形成期望的制品对设备参数控制的简易操作平台显示设备必要信息的屏幕防止事故发生,增大安全系数的保护装置门注射成型机组成部件,支撑并协助注射的金属平台起旋转计量作用的螺纹状部件.是成型机的核心机械件树脂预塑的炮膛状部件,和螺杆配合俎件质量要求较高围绕在料膛周围,起迅速并均匀加热作用的片状加热器连接注射成型机料筒与模具浇口套接触的像针头状的组件可固定模具在成型机上的铁板,是成型机的一部分成型机曲臂连接板,使模具固定在成型机上做开合模运动的动模板连接到模具上控制模具顶杆顶出或回退作用的连接杆只能手动单一步骤状态操作可半自动状态操作根据设置的程序在全自动状态动作一般用PE料做射出动作来清除或淡化料膛内物料或颜色在料杯树脂不足在传感器监控下吸取储备树脂的成型辅助设备在全自动生产状态下对产品质量和数量控制的页面模板动作状态控制页面顶出动作状态控制画面材料加热控制画面注射过程中对速度控制的画面注射过程中注射压力控制画面注射后保持设定压力提高制品质量的控制画面计量尺寸和相关参数控制画面设备动作异常或监控报警预览成型机模板打开的最大尺寸成型过程中为保证动，定模相互紧密配合而需施加的在模具上的力模板控制系统,注塑机上系统的一部分计算机通过检测、处理信息并重新输入计算机进行控制相关参数将侧型心抽至不防碍制品脱落的滑块滑动的距离从模内的成型塑件中，抽拔出侧型心所需要的力生产每个制品的时间或是单位时间内生产制品的个数液压动力注射机上的压力系统由于一次注射压力不足或速度偏低引起的浇不足现象材料水份超标,结构不良引起的表面气泡等不良现象热熔体在收缩情况下表面会形成凸凹状现象的统称制品厚度不均匀或分子排列不同引起的不均匀收缩两股或多股熔体结合位置形成的线状痕迹一种有明亮痕迹的注塑成型缺陷，一般为线状少为带状低温区域的熔接，多见于冲填结束，不同塑料熔前交汇造成又称包气,熔体流动将气体堵住或包住不能及时排出填充时模具内部气体不能迅速排出产生压缩高温,导致制品局部变色注射成型过程中因高温或树脂分解等原因引起的黑色不良现象树脂在模具腔内流动时由于层流因素引起的外观不良现象因高温引起的成型缺陷的一种制品本身颜色有其他杂质颜色混入形成的不良现象成型缺陷（因树脂性质发生变化引起的脆化或者破裂）高聚物在恒定温度和应力下，长度随时间延长而逐步深长的现象熔体内部压力差引起高压部份向低压部分推移现象,可产生层次感同一树脂或不同树脂发生层流后产生的 现象局部温度差由大分子链排列引起的具有方向特性的收缩生产出的制品在不同的环境下都会产生尺寸的变化制品尺寸的稳定性和一致性单位体积的质量有多种原因引起的变形现象,如收缩翘曲,配向翘曲等产品在内应力或外力的作用下产生的尺寸变化以及形状变化熔体的某一部份发生停止流动或极缓慢流动的现象发生在垂直于熔体流动方向上的收缩热力的作用下，塑料可以发生变形的温度保压后制品在模具内部成型完毕脱离模具的现象方便成型制品脱离模具而设计的角度成型制品不容易脱离模具的现象残留在制品内部因各种原因产生的应力很多小分子连接而成的具有较大质量的长分子连熔体在模具内冷却状态之一的数学表示方法成型后制品拿出的过程毛坯加工或留有大量余量的待加工品配合CPU工作的马达完成一个组件或产品经过的步骤以塑料为原料生产的制品通过注射方式成型的模具倾斜于分型面、随模具的开闭产生相对运动的圆柱零件斜向镶块或滑动的镶块组合方式之一使镶件或拼块定位并紧固在一起的框套形结构零件成型模具内表面突起的组件使动模能固定在压机或注塑机上的L型垫块在腔内起部分成型作用，并在开模时把塑件从型腔内推出的零件用于推出塑件或浇注系统凝料的杆件支撑推出和复位零件，直接传递机床推出力的板件借助模具的闭合动作，强制推出机构复位的杆件浇口的相关尺寸熔融塑料经主流道直接进入型腔的进料方式沿塑料件内圆周扩展进料的浇口设置在模具的分型处 从塑件的内或外侧进料的方式从分流道道型腔方向的宽度逐渐增加的呈扇型的浇口浇口以镶块的形式存在推杆的一种，头部形状是圆柱型形工作截面为矩形的顶杆连接推件板与推杆固定板，传递推力的杆件与导柱相配合，用于初步确定模具起导向作用的部件，一般为圆柱体连接分流道合型腔的进料通道浇口的长度树脂流入模腔的点相对整体模腔的位置成型中埋入或随后压入塑件中的金属或其他材料的部件带有楔角,用于合模时楔紧滑块的零件成型塑件外表面的凹壮零件(包括零件的内腔和实体两部分)母模中的镶件拼块使定模固定在注塑机的固定工作台面上的板件 是模具的基座顶出制品机构的类型，布置方式的设计 包括模具和成型机两部分制品脱离模具可安全取出的时间与导柱滑配合，用于推出机构导向的圆柱形零件与推板导柱滑配合，用于推出机构导向的圆柱形零件在浇口流道末端用于储藏低温熔体的槽指凸模面或是动模面注射成型使用的模具的实际温度或设置温度支撑模具芯体和其它运动结构的板状模块为改变蒸汽或冷却水的流向而在模具内部设置的金属条或板将制品的一 部分设计成掏空的部分凸模中的镶拼件，一般成型出制品内表面的某个部分对应制品使用环境要求而设计的强度用于固定型心的板状零件为了方便出型或脱模设计的斜度指凹模面也叫定模指凸模面也叫公模具有斜导槽，用以使滑块随槽动作抽芯合复位动作的板状零件用于固定推杆位置,使其不发生位置变化的压板衡量材料产生弹性变形难易程度的指标模具在行腔压力下发生的弹性变形用于加热使用的环行加热部件在开模时限定某一板动作距离的板件为开设分流道设置的加热元件，保持融料的温度立式成型机中,模具天地开模(上下),分型面为水平状态也称无流道,浇口料在模具内部保持熔融状态的模具热塑性材料使用的注射成型模具调整高度使用的薄金属片按设计和工艺要求，用以拼合模具型腔或型芯的零件限制活动范围的零件限制位置的丁状零件以浇口形式存在的镶块形状像钩子,起拉料作用拉料部位呈圆型的零件但不是规范的圆形通用并具有互换性的模架可以滑动，带动侧型心完成出型,抽芯和复位动作的零件直接推出塑件的板壮零件起局部或整体推出塑件作用的环行或盘型零件位置不明显,一般可自动剪切的浇口为增强动模的钢度设在动模支撑板和动模座板之间的支撑零件在工艺上便于加工或修理与主体部件分开制造的局部零件石油提炼出的油脂,一般在模具行业中清洗附着的分解物或异物固定在要求位置操作或加工的区域,可能是安全区域也可能是非接触区域.工作的场合,一般指一线工作人员的工作区域而非文件处理办公室影响机械设备正常工作的现象含碳量在0.10%至0.30%之间，也称为软钢一般指在接近标准的基础上进行小尺寸的修改以达到更高的要求为了美观或防止潮湿,灰尘,碰伤等采取的保护措施多指可视或裸露在外面的并起到遮盖作用的部件可联网专用于绘制图纸的机械组装并研磨模具的工人齿轮状起到连接固定作用的部件用于储存部件相关信息的条状代码使用或控制机械设备人员外来语,日本,韩国称为课长,中国一般称科长对制品外观质量目视或测量的过程对制品内部质量目视或测量的过程组件前部或正对着使用者方向的部件组件后部或背向使用者方向的部件控制电源开启或关闭的按键小型工作车间或有几个人协作完成的一道工序的线体品质控制和管理的部门,国际上多与生产分开管理代替操作人员手动工作的半自动或自动机械设备用车刀对对旋转的工件进行车削加工的机床可以导致人体中毒的甲醇模具因潮湿和空气中的氧气发生的一种化学反应成红赫色物质换模就是切换其它模具,将原来的模具卸下换上另一副开机生产前将模具使用手动或机械自动夹持在成型机上一种对模具非正常状态进行处理并修理到正常状态的过程为了防止金属锐利的角划伤或使外形美观将锐角去处的一种方法提高钢强度和硬度的一种工艺方法淬火后一般都经过回火，可提高组织稳定性生产中常用的预备热处理工艺中空的小管,和套筒芯组成组件形成孔,顶出时只有套筒动作即热流道,熔体不形成冷却废弃的材料,在模具内保持熔体状态对生产的第一个制品进行外观检查或组装等实验,确保可继续生产在不防止阻碍制品正常应用的条件下被允许生产的托词铜制品,在电加工上对坯放电造型质量在允许范围内波动控制气体的阀与推板动作方向不一直的顶杆防止模具在运输过程中打开的锁紧件固定相关组件的条状零件无中间板的模具,看模后只见两个板有中间板的模具,可见三个板可加热的端口区域实现快速连接的接头扭转变形时，内力偶距称为扭距可代表综合质量的个别产品通常采用人,机,料,法,环来剖析问题的过程符合质量规定的产品不符合质量规定的产品在模具缝隙中形成的不良现象,片状的称为飞边树脂熔体形成泉流后在制品表面形成的不良现象由于收缩和其它原因引起的形状变化高聚物材料在长期应用情况下所表现出来的特性可锤炼可压延的程度，材料特性之一由于非均匀收缩或分子排列等引起的抽曲熔体相遇后在连接位置形成的不良现象制品脱落时发生的困难一种载荷类型注塑成型缺陷的一种包括料留痕，气留痕和型腔结构留痕注射成型缺陷的一种,表面有颗粒状物质高聚物材料在长期应用情况下所表现出来的特性由于内应力的存在发生的制品段列，裂纹现象熔体遇冷后产生的收缩现象大分子链停止运动,熔体开始凝固浇口中的熔体由流动到冷却静止的过程像泉水涌出,中间层熔体向两侧翻出的现象在常温常压以及不受载荷时发生的自由收缩现象注塑成型工艺中的有一个重要参数熔体分流后再次融合的一起的现象不同测控点的温度平均值熔体在流动时候速度的平均值由于不同区域压力差引起的熔体倒流现象树脂在计量时候形成推动螺杆向后移动的压力树脂计量时的外部部件，与螺杆配合进行计量融体在充填或保压时刻发生熔体溢出的现象聚合物该性方法的一种呈突起状区域,具体作用与设计相关流道系统的一部分,与主流道相连的小流道分支计算机模拟流动，保压，变形，气辅等模拟手段融体在充填时流动的基本模式类是于“ 7 ” 型的钩子妆连接方式测量流体黏度的测量仪器熔体填充到模具内部时,模具内的压力以曲线的形式描绘出腔内随时间,速度变化的压力曲线制品中心层处的温度单位长度的材料温度每升一度的伸长量制品各个部分尺寸的线形伸长或缩短的分布情况塑料在不同的温度下体积发生变化的现象单位时间内带走热量多少的度量塑料冷却的全过程熔体冷却的速度塑件冷却的速度成型周期的一部分,制品冷却直至可安全取出用于冷却塑件的系列冷却装置以及布置方式塑件从保压开始一直到顶出的一段时间用于冷却塑件分布在模具外部的水路一种流体的黏度测试仪器CAE辅助分析的一种,用于模拟冷却过程设计在模具内部的冷却液通道，用以控制所要求的模温制品的两个和模具接触表面的温度差分布情况保压后螺杆所剩余的计量长度塑料制品壁部的厚度变化断开的端面起到组装或固定作用的孔(不一定是圆形)实际载荷或受力直线的过度联系常使用的弧,可以起到加强或美观的作用物品,制造生产的部件应用在不同环境下的轴,可起到对称基准或连接等作用研磨,组装,修理模具等工作没有进行细致加工的原材料由铜和锌组成的合金尖锐的比较小的突出部分用于浇注铸件的钢用于固定模具的夹具造型艺术术语，指界定表现对象形体范围的边缘线给予说明加工尺寸或外观图纸制作过程一种采用高压放电对金属部件加工的工艺铜材料,用于放电加工的阴模,放电加工完毕后被加工部件形成阳模筒装管子组装研磨工人研磨抛光材料局部抵抗硬物压入其表面的能力在应力的情况下出现在应力聚集的现象在应力的情况下发生断裂在恒温和应变情况下应力随时间延长而减小的情况产生 应力集中的区域应力发生变化的特点由喷嘴到型腔之间的进料通道组成包括主，分，浇口合冷料穴为了提高或降低某中特性在塑料材料中添加了其它成分高分子材料的一种添加到高分子内部改善塑料有关性能的成分填充过程熔体流动的各种形式熔体填充到模具的整个过程单位时间内添入模腔的熔体量熔体填充到模具阶段熔料充满型腔所用的时间严格上讲包括保压填充时间熔体从料膛注入模具内所需要的力一定量的熔体材料占据空间的部分一种可发生弯曲的载荷类型熔体填充到模具内流动均匀性的一种表现形式螺杆速度及压力控制模具腔内熔体的体积流量形式熔体流过的长度壁厚与熔体流动距离的比塑料在流动或冷却的过程呢中，发生在分子链定向的一种行为CAE辅助分析虚拟流动的一种方式截面为圆形的流道三角形状起到加强或者支撑作用的筋等截面的形状为半圆形的流道将热量从热的地方向冷的地方传导速度的量度控制热量传导的仪器设备单位时间内热能传递的量度冷却水管在墨菊内部布置和排列的方式粘流态树脂冷却成玻璃态时刻的温度Pack结束后,螺杆基本静止不动而维持压力不便的阶段填补收缩时保持设置压力的时间盛放待加工树脂塑料的容器。
模具零配件中英文对照
常用模具零件中英文对照表2005-12-19 14:51:17 中国注塑网入水：gate进入位：gate location水口形式：gate type大水口：edge gate细水口：pin-point gate水口大小：gate size转水口：switching runner/gate唧嘴口径：sprue diameter流道: runner热流道：hot runner,hot manifold热嘴冷流道: hot sprue/cold runner唧嘴直流: direct sprue gate圆形流道：round(full/half runner流道电脑分析：mold flow analysis流道平衡:runner balance热嘴：hot sprue热流道板：hot manifold发热管：cartridge heater探针: thermocouples插头：connector plug插座：connector socket密封/封料：seal运水：water line喉塞：line lpug喉管：tube塑胶管：plastic tube快速接头：jiffy quick connector plug/socker 模具零件：mold components三板模：3-plate mold二板模：2-plate mold边钉/导边：leader pin/guide pin边司/导套：bushing/guide bushing中托司：shoulder guide bushing中托边：guide pin顶针板：ejector retainner plate托板：support plate螺丝：screw管钉：dowel pin开模槽：ply bar scot内模管位：core/cavity inter-lock顶针：ejector pin司筒：ejector sleeve司筒针：ejector pin推板：stripper plate缩呵：movable core,return core core puller 扣机（尼龙拉勾）：nylon latch lock斜顶：lifter模胚（架）：mold base上内模：cavity insert下内模：core insert行位（滑块）：slide镶件：insert压座/斜鸡：wedge耐磨板/油板：wedge wear plate压条：plate撑头: support pillar唧嘴：sprue bushing挡板：stop plate定位圈：locating ring锁扣：latch扣鸡：parting lock set推杆：push bar栓打螺丝：S.H.S.B顶板：eracuretun活动臂：lever arm分流锥：spure sperader水口司:bush垃圾钉：stop pin隔片：buffle弹弓柱：spring rod弹弓:die spring中托司：ejector guide bush中托边：ejector guide pin镶针：pin销子：dowel pin波子弹弓：ball catch喉塞:pipeplug锁模块：lockplate斜顶：anglefrompin斜顶杆：angleejectorrod尼龙拉勾：partinglocks活动臂：leverarm复位键、提前回杆：earlyreturnbar气阀：valves斜导边：anglepin术语：terms承压平面平衡：partingsurfacesupportbalance模排气：partinglineventing回针碰料位：returnpinandcavityinterference模总高超出啤机规格：moldbaseshuthight顶针碰运水：waterlineinterfereswithejectorpin料位出上/下模：partfromcavith(core)side模胚原身出料位：cavitydirectcutonA-plate,coredirectcutonB-plate. 不准用镶件：Donotuse(core/cavity)insert用铍铜做镶件：useberylliumcopperinsert初步（正式）模图设计：preliinary(final)molddesign反呵：reversecore弹弓压缩量：springcompressedlength稳定性好：goodstability,stable强度不够：insufficientrigidity均匀冷却：evencooling扣模：sticking热膨胀：theroexpansion公差：tolorance铜公(电极）：copperelectrodecompre sion molding 压缩成型flash mold 溢流式模具plsitive mold 挤压式模具split mold 分割式模具cavity 型控母模core 模心公模taper 锥拔leather cloak 仿皮革shiver 饰纹flow mark 流痕welding mark 溶合痕post screw insert 螺纹套筒埋值self tapping screw 自攻螺丝striper plate 脱料板piston 活塞cylinder 汽缸套chip 细碎物handle mold 手持式模具encapsulation molding 低压封装成型、射出成型用模具two plate 两极式（模具）well type 蓄料井insulated runner 绝缘浇道方式hot runner 热浇道runner plat 浇道模块valve gate 阀门浇口band heater 环带状的电热器spindle 阀针spear head 刨尖头slag well 冷料井cold slag 冷料渣air vent 排气道welding line 熔合痕eject pin 顶出针punch 冲头insert 入块(嵌入件)deburring punch 压毛边冲子groove punch 压线冲子stamped punch 字模冲子round punch 圆冲子special shape punch 异形冲子bending block 折刀roller 滚轴baffle plate 挡块located block 定位块supporting block for location 定位支承块air cushion plate 气垫板air-cushion eject-rod 气垫顶杆trimming punch 切边冲子stiffening rib punch = stinger 加强筋冲子ribbon punch 压筋冲子reel-stretch punch 卷圆压平冲子guide plate 定位板sliding block 滑块sliding dowel block 滑块固定块active plate 活动板lower sliding plate 下滑块板upper holder block 上压块upper mid plate 上中间板spring box 弹簧箱spring-box eject-rod 弹簧箱顶杆spring-box eject-plate 弹簧箱顶板bushing bolck 衬套cover plate 盖板guide pad 导料块electrical discharge machining (EDM) 电火花加工electrical insulating property 电绝缘性能electrochemical die-sinking machine 电解型腔加工机，电解型腔加工机床electrochemical machine (ECM) 电解加工机床，电化学加工机床electrochemical machining (ECM) 电解加工，电化学加工electro-discharge cutting 电火花加工，电火花切割electro-discharge cutting machine 电火花切割机electro-discharge machine tool 电火花加工机床Electro-discharge Machine 电火花加工机床electro-discharge machining 电火花加工electro-discharge machining process 电火花加工工艺，电火花加工工序epoxy resin 环氧树脂guide bushing 导套guide pillar 导柱，导杆，导柱guide pin 导向销，导杆guide pin cover 导柱盖guide plate 导料板，导板guide plate blanking die 导板式冲裁模，导板式落料模guide post 导柱，导柱guide stock plate 挡料板injection mold 注射模，注塑模injection molding 注射成型，注塑成型injection-molding machine 注塑机，注射机，注塑成形机injection plunger 注射柱塞in-line reciprocating screw 联机往复螺杆，串联往复螺杆，直线排列往复螺杆inner ram 内滑块inserting molding 嵌件成形integrated manufacturing 集成制造internal stress 内应力13.intermediate platen 中间板，隔板塑料成型模具的主要设计要素脱模距stripper distance脱模斜度draft投影面积projected area最大开距maximum daylight;open daylight闭合高度mould-shut height抽芯距core-pulling distance抽芯力core-pulling force脱模力ejector force开模力mould opening force模内压力internal mould pressure;cavity pressure成型压力moulding pressure背压环back-up ring 1 bar = 14.5psi高压接头bite type fitting液压马达hydraulic motor冷却水流量计waterflow regulator打磨器材abrasive material打磨砂轮grinding wheels切割砂轮cutting wheels码模夹(注塑机使用) mould clamps; lifting clamps 小五金工具piping tools高压力软管high pressure hose风管,水软管air .water hose高压油表pressure gauge压力油喉hydraulic hoses光塑检测photoelastic testing吹塑模plastic blow mould注塑模plastic injection mould冲扎复合模blank & form compound die精密冲模precision blanking die熔料流动率MFR=melt flow rate熔料流动指数MET=melt flow index推板导柱guide pin for ejector plater座板clamping plate垫块space block(plate)推板ejector block(plate)afdek plate 档尘板guide stripe 行位后板cavity sub-insert 前模镶件core sub-insert 后模镶件sprue puller insert 扣针镶件stage ejector 顶棍spacer rock(risers) 间隔板变形distortion弯曲warp拖花drag marks火花纹EDM marks困气venting烧黑burns表面缩水shrinkage料位过薄/砸穿thin wall stock走水不平行uneven fill pattern夹水纹/流纹witness line;mismatch;stress marks 走水纹knit lines走水不齐short shotsorifice 料口nozzle seat 热嘴垫圈nozzle plate 射嘴板cross pin 十字头销sled 射台seal ring 封密圈spacer rail 介子座heater groove 发热管槽heater cement 发热管的结合剂soak 浸泡seat 垫圈ream 铰大圆孔直径grind 磨床drill 钻床mill 铣床caliper 卡尺G-caliper 分厘卡Depth Gauge 深厚计hardness tester 硬度计angle gauge 角规marble table 云台石projector 投影仪height gauge 高度仪microscope 显微镜plug gauge 塞规leveller 水平器R gauge R 规Inter caliper 内分厘卡surface 平面仪item number 细目编码catalog number 材料分类编码undercut lip 倒扣口hot tip = hot drop = nozzle 热嘴blow-off strip 放气板blow-off nozzle 吹风口spiral hose 螺旋式的连接喉rust solvent 除锈剂shaft 曲轴ensile strength 拉伸力yield strength 屈服力spark erosion 电火花蚀刻etch(photo-etch) 电蚀harden 淬硬copper electrode 铜公corrosion resistance 耐腐蚀anneal 退火heat treatment 淬火FEM(finite elemnet method) 有限元法preliminary tool design 初期模具设计图zone 热流道区域reverse taper 倒啤把clamp plate 码板toggle clamp 快速夹vacuum furnace 真空炉cavity insert rounds 圆柱镶件cavity insert b0locks 方柱镶件tensile strength 抗张强度,抗拉强度Concept drawing 概念图Assembly drawing 装配图mismatch;witness line 夹纹shut-off(n.) 枕位venting valves 疏气阀venting plug 疏气塞valve casing 阀门罩twist drill 旋钻harden/nitride 碎硬anneal 退火temper 回火stess crack 应力断裂corrosion resistance 防腐,防锈tensile strength 物】抗张强度,抗拉强度split mould (分离)组合式的模具inclined plate 斜面inclined bolt 斜栓jaw (工具,机械等)夹住东西的部分,钳口step change of the P/L 分形面枕位的改变thin steel section 较薄的料位clean-up 清理,清除,清扫Mold Dating Insert 模具日志镶件Hot Sprue Bushing 热浇口套semi-automatic 半自动quick disconnector 快速断开接头full shot 足量注射mismatch 夹痕;夹水纹ejector mark 顶痕screw boss 螺丝孔,螺丝基座sink mark 缩坑15% glass filled ABS 掺有15%玻璃的ABS spraying mold release 脱模剂drag mark 拖痕stress mark 应力痕reinforcement rib 加强筋slght stoning 轻度磨砂soliid line 实线dotted line 虚线internal diameter 内径external diameter 外径nickel-plated 电镀的handling hole;lifting hole 吊装孔parallel 平行块piston 活塞plunger 柱塞carrier 导轨rest 支架item number 项目编号catalog item 商品目录编码dimensional datum 尺寸基准heat treatment certification 淬硬证明文件back-up bushing 支撑导套jacking screw 起重螺丝,千斤顶tapped hole (带有螺旋角度的)螺丝孔diagonal corner 成对角的角落burn mark 烧痕hot runner mainfold (热流道板)分流板texuring 蚀纹clamping screw (注塑机)码模螺丝imperial 英制的metric 公制的puller bushing 水口套puller bar 水口铁drool bushing 防漏胶套筒safety switch 限位制water line connected internally or hard tubing 不可用胶喉连接运水lifter on square rod or locked from rotation 用方形柱或用管钉止转gate insert 入水镶件gate shut-offs 流道开关配件guided ejection 中托司parting line shutoff 前后模接触面waterlines clear tie bars. 运水喉咀接驳位要避开啤机呵林柱. BGV=Balanced Gate Value 平衡入水值spacer 垫块pocket 挖槽rough 粗加工finish 精加工plunge rate 进刀率retract rate 提刀速率splindle rate 主轴转速coolant 冷却液SPLIT RING 开口环(钥匙圈)侧向抽芯力side pulling-core forceconvert.transfer 转图guide pin 边针Tee slot cutter T 形SLOT CUTTER zigzag 双向切削constant overlap spiral 等距环切parallel spiral 环绕切削parallel spiral clean corners 环切并清角morph spiral 依外形环绕true spiral 螺旋切削one way 单向end mill 平铣刀spher mill 球刀bull mill 圆鼻刀face mill 面铣刀rad mill 圆角成型刀chamfer mill 倒角刀slot mill 槽刀taper mill 推拔铣刀dove mill 鸠尾铣刀lot mill 棒状drill 钻孔reamer 纹刀bore bar 搪刀tap RH 右牙刀Tap LH 左牙刀ctr Drill 中心钻spot drill 点钻cntr bore 沉头孔刀c. sink 鱼眼孔钻loft surface 举升曲面coons surface 昆氏曲面ruled surface 直纹曲面revolved surface 旋转曲面swept surface 扫描曲面draft surface 牵引曲面grinding wheel 磨砂使用的轮子quench steel 将...淬火,使冷却stress relieving 应力消除molten 熔热的oxide film 氧化层guide pin and sleeve, locating ring ,导边,司筒,定位圈ejector ,ejector balde, ejector sleeve,顶针,扁顶针,顶针司筒, lifters, wear plate,horn pin,斜坊,磨损板,气顶针,O ring, water baffle, water pipe plug,O 形圈,隔片,运水管道塞, water line connector,wear plate ,运水管道转接头,耐磨板air cylinder,hydraulic cylinder,氯压缸,液压缸micro switch,oil nipple, spring,开关装置,油枪接头,弹弓sprue bushing,early return system,浇口套,早期回撞装置, accelerated ejectors, slied holder,加速顶针,注塑周期计数器, cycle counter,date stamper，滑块固定板,生产日期铭牌,hot runner system ，热流道系统chemical composition 化学成份thermal conductiivity 导热性能thermal diffusivity 热扩散性能dimensonal stablity 尺寸稳定性能cooling effiency 冷却效率easiler ejection 易于脱模alloy insert 合金镶件(cooling) duct 输送管;导管maintenance cost 维护费用ultrasonic testing 超声波检测crack 断裂direct gate 直接浇口ring gate 环形浇口disk gate;disphragm gate 盘形浇口spoke gate;spider gate 轮辐浇口pin-point gate 点浇口edge gate 侧浇口submarine gate;tunnel gate 潜伏浇口fan gate 扇形浇口tab gate 护耳浇口runner plate 流道板(或冷或热)secondary nozzle 二级喷嘴torpedo;torpedo body assembly 鱼雷形组合体catridge heater 管式加热器heat pipe 热管valve gate 阀式浇口force plunger;pot plunger 柱塞flash groove;spew groove 溢料槽impression;cavity block;cavity plate 凹模punch;force 凸模movable insert;loose detail 活动镶件cavity splits;core splits(凹模拼块) (型芯拼块) 拼块side core 侧型芯thread plug;threaded core 螺纹型芯thread ring;threaded cavity 螺纹型环cutting wheel 切割砂轮grinding wheel 打磨砂轮abrasive material 打磨器材mould clamps;lifting clamp 砂模夹(注塑机使用)air (water) hose 风管,水轮管pressure gauge 高压油表hydraulic hose 压力油喉plastic blow mould 吹塑模plastic injection mould 注塑模blandk&form compound die 冲扎复合模precisiion blanking die 精密冲模MFR=melt flow rate 熔料流动率MFT=melt flow index 熔料流动指数handling hole 拉铃孔stop plate 限位块linder bush 衬套spacer block(plate) 垫块,方铁back-up ring 背位环standoff 限位块American Safety Hoist Rings. 英制安全吊装环Mechanical Properties 机械性能Tensile Strength(MPa) 抗拉强度elongation 延伸率hardness(Brinell) 硬度shear stength(MPa) 剪切力impact strength 冲韧性Physical Properties 物理性能solidification shrinkage 凝固收缩率freezing range 凝固与熔范围thermal expansion 热膨胀系数specific heat 比热thermal conductivity 热导率electrical conductivity 电导率micro-structure 金相分析hot work tool steel 热作钢circular motion 环形运动variable 变数,参数graphics window 图形窗口45 degree entry and a zero degree exit. 进刀口45 度,退刀口0 度runner stripper plate 脱料板stripper plate 活动板spacer rock(risers) 间隔板stage ejector 顶棍sprue puller insert 扣针导套guide strip 行位后板afdek plate 挡尘板side gate 大水口pinpoint gate 细水口SHCS 杯头螺丝FHCS 平头螺丝set screw 无头螺丝ball catch 波子螺丝wedge 行位较杯gib 线条,(撑鸡的导轨)latch 拉杆clamp 码仔spring guide pin 弹弓导柱steel pad disc 橙仔方ejector cam insert 斜顶块(screw) nut 螺母taper 嗲把/ 斜度taper interlock 嗲把锁texture 花纹toggle-lok 回撞装置top clamping plate 顶码板unified national coarse (UNC) 美制螺丝(粗牙) unified national fine (UNF) 美制螺丝(幼牙) set screw 喷头螺丝side gate 大水口slide retainer 行位管位water junction 喉咀spacer block 登仔jiffy-matic socket 喉咀套jiffy-tite plug 喉咀公spring plunger 弹弓座sprue puller 勾针/勾粒spring washer 弹簧塑圈stepped ejector pin 有托顶针strippers plate 推板/细水口板submarine gate 潜水口support pin 拉杆support plate 暗板surface finish 光洁度alignment strip 斜锁angle pin 斜针fan gate 扇形入水fillet 圆口ball catch 弹弓波子blade ejector 扁顶bottom clamping plate 底码板free length 自然长度bridge piece 水口铁helix spindle 锅杆hose clip 水喉箍bubbler 隔气运水jiggle 斜顶jiggle witness line 斜顶片位置center distance (CRS) 山打距离(中心线距离)clamp 码仔contour 外形leader pin 导针location ring(flange) 法兰counterbore 拔头,介子托mock-up;prototype 手办die cast 合金压铸national pipe thread(NPT) 美制喉牙overflow 垃圾位ejection sleeve 司筒,顶套epoxy 胶样pin point gate 细水口pressure plug 喉塞pressure spring 压力弹簧parting line flash 披锋burned 烧黑underfilled 缺料insert mismatch 镶件夹口ejector pins not flush 顶针有高低ejector pins skid 顶针滑动insert flash 镶件披锋pressure transducer 压力探测头hydraulic schematic 油积筒油路接驳图jiffy connector recessed 安装喉嘴后不可突出模胚knock out pullback stud -flush with clamp plate 顶棍镶件与底板有否空间safety switches 限位开关stop block 限位块safety strap 安全带drool bushing 防漏胶套筒insert mismatch 镶件夹口EDM visible 明显火花纹lifter scrapes 斜顶拖花short shots 走水不齐wall stock 料位厚薄knit lines 走水纹stress marks 夹水纹uneven fill pattern 走水不平行drag marks 拖花sprue pretrusion 唧嘴突出高度sprue orifice and radil size 唧嘴R 尺寸sprue bushing-keyed 唧嘴有管钉English Chinese program name 产口名称part name 零件名称tool name 模具名称tool source 模具来源tool steel 模具钢材resin 塑料program number 产品编号part number 零件编号tool number 模具编号customer 客户名称No of cavities 内模编号machine size 啤机吨数drum miller 鼓形铣床duplex horizontal miller 复式卧铣床face miller 端面铣床grinding miller 研磨机plain miller 平面铣床planer-type miller 刨式铣床rack miller 齿条铣床slab miller 大型平面铣床slot miller 键槽铣刀spline miller 花键铣刀thread miller 螺纹铣刀vertical miller 立式铣刀,立辊,立辊轧机endmill 立铣刀plastic mould steel 塑料模钢cold work steel 冷作钢hot work steel 热作钢high speed steel 高速钢electric magnetic clutch 电磁离合器pad printer 移印机screen printer 丝印机hot stamper 烫印机solid carbide slitting saw 钻石钢锯片convex cutter 凸锣刀片concave cutter 凹锣刀片side&face cutters,staggered teeth end-mill 锣刀semi-rod 半圆刀split double end 双头刀single end 单头刀2-flute 两辨3-flute 三辨4-flute 四辨reamer 直拈centre drill 中心钻solid carbide drill 钻咀zinc ingot 锌锭aluminium ignot 铝锭tin ignot 锡锭heater cement 发热管的结合剂heater groove 发热管槽spacer rail 介子座cross pin 十字头销nozzle plate 射嘴板nozzle seat 热嘴addendum 齿冠dedendum 齿根air compressor 空气压缩机air exhauster 抽气机air intake 进气口air seal 空气隔离层Mold changing systems 换模系统Mold core 模芯Mold heaters/chillers 模具加热器/冷却器Mold polishing/texturing 模具打磨/磨纹Mold repair 模具维修Molds 模具Pressing dies 压模Quick die change systems 速换模系统Quick mold change systems 快速换模系统三、模具塑料模具mould of plastics注塑模具injection mould冲压模具die模架mould base定模座板Top clamping plate Top plateFixed clamp plate水口推板stripper plateA板A plateB板B plate支承板support plate方铁spacer plate底针板ejector plate面针板ejector retainer plate回针Return pin导柱Guide pin有托导套Shoulder Guide bush 直导套Straight Guide bush动模座板Bottom clamp plate Moving clamp plate基准线datum line基准面datum plan型芯固定板core-retainer plate 凸模固定板punch-retainer plate 顶针ejector pin单腔模具single cavity mould多腔模具multi-cavity mould多浇口multi-gating浇口gate缺料starving排气breathing光泽gloss合模力mould clamping force锁模力mould locking force挤出extrusion开裂crack循环时间cycle time老化aging螺杆screw麻点pit嵌件insert活动镶件movable insert起垩chalking浇注系统feed system主流道sprue分流道runner浇口gate直浇口direct gate , sprue gate轮辐浇口spoke gate , spider gate点浇口pin-point gate测浇口edge gate潜伏浇口submarine gate , tunnel gate料穴cold-slug well浇口套sprue bush流道板runner plate排飞槽vent分型线（面）parting line定模stationary mould，Fixed mould动模movable mould, movable half上模upper mould，upper half下模lower mould，lower half型腔cavity凹模cavity plate，cavity block拼块split定位销dowel定位销孔dowel hole型芯core斜销angle pin, finger cam滑块slide滑块导板slide guide strip楔紧块heel block, wedge lock拉料杆sprue puller定位环locating ring冷却通cooling channel脱模斜度draft滑动型芯slide core螺纹型芯threaded core热流道模具hot-runner mould绝热流道模insulated runner mould熔合纹weld line （flow line）三板式模具three plate mould脱模ejection换模腔模具interchangeable cavity mould 脱模剂release agent注射能力shot capacity注射速率injection rate注射压力injection pressure差色剂colorant保压时间holdup time闭模时间closing time定型装置sizing system阴模female mould，cavity block阳模male mould电加工设备Electron Discharge Machining数控加工中心CNC machine center万能铁床Universal milling machine卧式刨床Horizontal planer车床Engine lathe平面磨床Surface grinding machine去磁机Demagnetization machine万能摇臂钻床Universal radial movable driller 立式钻床Vertical driller超声波清洗机Ultrasonic clearing machine compre sion molding压缩成型flash mold溢流式模具plsitive mold挤压式模具split mold分割式模具cavity型控母模core模心公模taper锥拔leather cloak仿皮革shiver饰纹flow mark流痕welding mark溶合痕post screw insert螺纹套筒埋值self tapping screw自攻螺丝striper plate脱料板piston活塞cylinder汽缸套chip细碎物handle mold手持式模具（移转成型用模具）encapsulation molding低压封装成型（射出成型用模具）two plate两极式（模具）well type蓄料井insulated runner绝缘浇道方式hot runner热浇道runner plat浇道模块valve gate阀门浇口band heater环带状的电热器spindle阀针spear head刨尖头slag well冷料井cold slag冷料渣air vent排气道welding line熔合痕eject pin顶出针knock pin顶出销return pin回位销反顶针sleave套筒stripper plate脱料板insert core放置入子runner stripper plate浇道脱料板guide pin导销eject rod (bar)（成型机）顶业捧subzero深冷处理three plate三极式模具runner system浇道系统stress crack应力电裂orientation定向sprue gate射料浇口，直浇口nozzle射嘴sprue lock pin料头钩销(拉料杆)slag well冷料井side gate侧浇口edge gate侧缘浇口tab gate搭接浇口film gate薄膜浇口flash gate闸门浇口slit gate缝隙浇口fan gate扇形浇口dish gate因盘形浇口diaphragm gate隔膜浇口ring gate环形浇口subarine gate潜入式浇口tunnel gate隧道式浇口pin gate针点浇口Runner less无浇道(sprue less)无射料管方式long nozzle延长喷嘴方式sprue浇口;溶渣根据中文词汇查所关心的技术问题，解决实际工作中的难题例如，在汉语词汇中看到——高速冲孔废料上跳（かす上り、scrap jump ）词汇，到网上一搜，中图分类号TG382.6，文章编码：1671-3508-2008-10-07-517，“高速冲压中防止冲孔废料上跳的方法”一文会告诉你引起高速冲孔废料上跳的原因，不外乎有油膜粘连、真空吸附、刃口磨损、磁性未退四个主要方面，解决这些问题有三个方向的思路可以考虑，具体手段有“毛糙面”法、“斜刀口”法、“硅胶顶出”法、“凹模刃口倒退拔”法，等等。
注塑模具中英对照
为大家提供点模具方面的中英对照top view ----俯视图front view ----前视图side view ----侧视图plane view ----平面图contour ------外型铣削pocket ------挖槽flow line ----罩一曲面multisurf ------多重曲面filter -----过滤ellipse -----椭圆polar -------极坐标arc endpoints-----两点画弧polygon -------多边形isometric -------等角视图zig zag -------双向one way -------单向spline -------圆滑曲线blend -------顺接guide pin --------导针;边针;直边support pin ---------拉杆;水口边support pin collar --------拉杆定位;水口边定位介子tapped hold for eyebolt -------吊模螺孔thermal expansion coefficient -------热膨胀系数welding rod -------熔接棒cavity plate; A bolster plate -----母模板(A板), 前模板stripper plate ---------活动板,推料板core plate --------公模板(B板),后模板spacer block -----------间隔板ejector retainer plate -----------上顶针板ejector plate -----------下顶针板pin point gate system ---------小水口系统side gate system -----------大水口系统infrared-transmitter --------红外线发射器infrared-receiver ------------红外线接受器synthetic resin ------------合成权脂air blow gun(with nozzles&hose) -------------气枪spiral hose -------------螺旋形的;盘旋的guide strip ---------------行位导轨ejector rod --------------斜坊set screw ---------固定螺丝countersunk screw ---------沉头螺丝hex screws --------胚头螺丝shoulder screw -----------------带肩螺丝residual stress -----------------残余应力tensile ---------------------------------张力electricity erode -----------------电蚀刻ohm meter -------------------电阻表tubular dowel -----------------管钉,销钉abrasive stone -----------------研磨石材SPI Mold Finish Comparison Kit --SPI模具抛光比照工具rolled ------------------热轧forged ------------------热锻extrude ------------------挤压cold drawn -------------------冷拉corrosive plastics -----------------防腐塑料tough -----------------硬度anneal -----------------n.退火service life --------------------注塑寿命high viscosity -----------------粘度较高的extension plug ------------------延伸尾塞angle plug -------------------斜角尾塞thermocouple connector ---热电偶连结头hydraulic system ---(注塑机的)油压系统temperature control zone -------------------温控区barrel heating capacity ----料筒加热能力screw torque ----------------螺杆力矩screw speed -------------------螺杆速度screw stroke ----------------螺杆行程nozzle contact force --------热嘴接触力screw L/D ratio ------螺杆长度/直径比例theoretical shot volume ---理论的注射容量clamp force --------------------合模力lock force ---------------------------锁模力internal heated ------------------------内部加热external heated ------------------------外部加热heating rod -------------------------加热棒air-gap insulation ------------------------空气隔绝层spare part(accesory) -------------备用件insulating ring -----------------------绝缘圈sealing washer -------------------垃圾钉adaptor ---------------------适配器hole gauge ----------------------孔深量测仪high-temperature grease ------高温油脂thermal conductivity paste --------导热膏data cable --------------数据线compression mold base -------压缩模胚countersunk -----------------埋头孔锥孔,沉孔mill --------------压榨机;磨坊;碾磨;drill ---------------钻头;钻床钻孔;钻通grind -----------------磨擦;磨碎;磨光turn ---------------转动;旋转;翻转adapter plate -----------------适配模板leader pin; shoulder leader pin ----导针;带肩导针( 实心) angle pin(horn pin) ---------斜针;斜边straight bushing ----------直导套(空心)shoulder bushing ----------带肩导套sprue puller pin ----------唧咀扣针sprue spreader -----------浇口分流锥runner spreader -----------流道分流锥tapered interlocks(round & rectangular) ---------啤把锁bronze plated bushing ------镀铜导套guided ejection bushing ------导向导套toggle-lock early ejector return ----切换式早期回撞装置accelerated knock-out ----------加速顶棍accelerated ejector ------------加速顶针collapsible core ---------可折迭式的型芯slide retainer ------------行位固定装置jiffy latch-lock assemblies -------------快速拉杆锁定装置tapped hole ------------------螺丝孔no resettable shot counter -----------非复位注射计数器profiled ejector pin ------------底面在有倾斜截面的顶针copper -------红铜brass ------- 黄铜bronze --------青铜BeCu --------铍铜counterbore ---------------拔头,介子托fan gate -----------------扇形入口fillet ----------------圆形入口pin point gate -------------细水口hose clip --------------入喉箍jiggle ----------------斜顶British Standard Whitworth thread BSW --英制螺丝(粗牙) British Standard Fine Thread BSF -------英制螺丝(幼牙) British Standard Pipe Thread (BSP) --------英制喉牙National Pipe Thread -----------------------美制螺牙pressure plug ----------------喉塞pressure spring -----------------压力弹簧vent ------------------ 疏气孔alignment strip --------------------斜锁ball catch ---------------------弹弓波子bridge piece ------------------水口铁Jiffy-matic connector ---------------------快速连接喉All ejector blades must have key to avoid rotating. 扁顶针要止转ejector bearing length 弹弓压缩长度reinforcement rib 加强筋steel pad 方铁latch 拉杆sprue puller insert 扣针导套stage ejector=knock out 顶棍ejector retainer plate 上顶针板ejector base plate 下顶针板stripper plate 活动板runner stripper plate 脱料板P/L flash 分形面披锋scrape 拖花burn 烧黑safety strap 码板side gate system 大水口系统three plate type system 简化型细水口系统pin point gate system 细水口系统guide pin/guide bush 直边/托司top clamp plate 工字板stripper plate 推板spacer block 方铁bottom clamp plate 底板shoulder guide pin 带肩导针shoulder guide bush 托司straight guide bush 直司/直导套guide pin 直边screw thread 螺纹air pump 空气泵alloy 合金alloy steel 合金钢fixed clamp plate;top clamping plate;top plate定模座块动模座块 moving clamp plate;bottom clamping plate 上模座块 upper clamping plate下模座块 lower clamping plate凹模固定板 cavity-retainer plate型芯固定板 core-retainer plate突模固定板 punch-retainer plate模套 chase;bolster;frame支承板 backing plate;support plate垫块 spacer;parallel支架 ejector housing,mould base leg斜销 angle pin,finger cam滑块 slide,cam slide侧芯型滑块 side core slide滑块导板 side guide strip楔紧块,撑鸡 heel block,wedge bock斜槽导板 finger guide plate弯销 dog-leg cam斜滑块 angle-lift splits导向零件导柱 guide pillar;guide pin;leader pin推板导柱 ejector guide pillar;ejector guide pin带头导套 guide bush;guide bushing推板导套 ejector guide bush;ejector bushing定位和限位零件锥形定位件 mould bases locting elements复位杆 ejector plate return pin,push-back pin限位块 stop block; stop pad定距拉杆 length bolt; puller bolt定距拉板 puller plate; limit plate推出零件推流道板 runner stripper plate分流道拉料杆 runner puller; runner lock pin拉流杆;扣针 sprue puller钩形拉料杆 sprue puller, Z-shaped球头拉料杆 sprue puller,ball-headed圆锥头拉料杆 sprue puller,conical headed连接推杆 ejector tie rod推板 ejector plate;ejection plate推杆固定板 ejector retainer plate推件环(盘) stripper ring(disk)推件板 stripper plate推块 ejector pad推管(司筒,导筒) ejector sleeve推杆 ejector pin圆柱头推杆 ejector pin with cylindrical head带肩推杆 shouldered ejector pin扁推杆 flat ejector pin塑料成型模具的主要设计要素脱模距 stripper distance脱模斜度 draft投影面积 projected area最大开距 maximum daylight;open daylight闭合高度 mould-shut height抽芯距 core-pulling distance抽芯力 core-pulling force脱模力 ejector force开模力 mould opening force模内压力 internal mould pressure;cavity pressure 成型压力 moulding pressure背压环 back-up ring1 bar = 14.5psi高压接头 bite type fitting液压马达 hydraulic motor冷却水流量计 waterflow regulator打磨器材 abrasive material打磨砂轮 grinding wheels切割砂轮 cutting wheels码模夹(注塑机使用) mould clamps; lifting clamps 小五金工具 piping tools高压力软管 high pressure hose风管,水软管 air .water hose高压油表 pressure gauge压力油喉 hydraulic hoses光塑检测 photoelastic testing吹塑模 plastic blow mould注塑模 plastic injection mould冲扎复合模 blank & form compound die精密冲模 precision blanking die熔料流动率 MFR=melt flow rate熔料流动指数 MET=melt flow index推板导柱 guide pin for ejector plater座板 clamping plate垫块 space block(plate)推板 ejector block(plate)afdek plate 档尘板guide stripe 行位后板cavity sub-insert 前模镶件core sub-insert 后模镶件sprue puller insert 扣针镶件stage ejector 顶棍spacer rock(risers) 间隔板变形 distortion弯曲 warp拖花 drag marks火花纹 EDM marks困气 venting烧黑 burns 表面缩水 shrinkage料位过薄/砸穿 thin wall stock走水不平行 uneven fill pattern夹水纹/流纹 witness line;mismatch;stress marks 走水纹 knit lines走水不齐 short shotsorifice 料口nozzle seat 热嘴垫圈nozzle plate 射嘴板cross pin 十字头销sled 射台seal ring 封密圈spacer rail 介子座heater groove 发热管槽heater cement 发热管的结合剂soak 浸泡seat 垫圈ream 铰大圆孔直径grind 磨床drill 钻床mill 铣床caliper 卡尺G-caliper 分厘卡Depth Gauge 深厚计hardness tester 硬度计angle gauge 角规marble table 云台石projector 投影仪height gauge 高度仪microscope 显微镜plug gauge 塞规leveller 水平器R gauge R 规Inter caliper 内分厘卡surface 平面仪item number 细目编码catalog number 材料分类编码undercut lip 倒扣口hot tip = hot drop = nozzle 热嘴blow-off strip 放气板blow-off nozzle 吹风口spiral hose 螺旋式的连接喉rust solvent 除锈剂shaft 曲轴tensile strength 拉伸力yield strength 屈服力spark erosion 电火花蚀刻etch(photo-etch) 电蚀harden 淬硬copper electrode 铜公corrosion resistance 耐腐蚀anneal 退火heat treatment 淬火FEM(finite elemnet method) 有限元法preliminary tool design 初期模具设计图zone 热流道区域reverse taper 倒啤把clamp plate 码板toggle clamp 快速夹vacuum furnace 真空炉cavity insert rounds 圆柱镶件cavity insert b0locks 方柱镶件tensile strength 抗张强度,抗拉强度Concept drawing 概念图Assembly drawing 装配图mismatch;witness line 夹纹shut-off(n.) 枕位venting valves 疏气阀venting plug 疏气塞valve casing 阀门罩twist drill 旋钻harden/nitride 碎硬anneal 退火temper 回火stess crack 应力断裂corrosion resistance 防腐,防锈tensile strength 物】抗张强度,抗拉强度split mould (分离)组合式的模具inclined plate 斜面inclined bolt 斜栓jaw (工具,机械等)夹住东西的部分,钳口step change of the P/L 分形面枕位的改变thin steel section 较薄的料位clean-up 清理,清除,清扫Mold Dating Insert 模具日志镶件Hot Sprue Bushing 热浇口套semi-automatic 半自动quick disconnector 快速断开接头full shot 足量注射mismatch 夹痕;夹水纹ejector mark 顶痕screw boss 螺丝孔,螺丝基座sink mark 缩坑15% glass filled ABS 掺有15%玻璃的ABS spraying mold release 脱模剂drag mark 拖痕stress mark 应力痕reinforcement rib 加强筋slght stoning 轻度磨砂soliid line 实线dotted line 虚线internal diameter 内径external diameter 外径nickel-plated 电镀的handling hole;lifting hole 吊装孔parallel 平行块piston 活塞plunger 柱塞carrier 导轨rest 支架item number 项目编号catalog item 商品目录编码dimensional datum 尺寸基准heat treatment certification 淬硬证明文件back-up bushing 支撑导套jacking screw 起重螺丝,千斤顶tapped hole (带有螺旋角度的)螺丝孔diagonal corner 成对角的角落burn mark 烧痕hot runner mainfold (热流道板)分流板texuring 蚀纹clamping screw (注塑机)码模螺丝imperial 英制的metric 公制的puller bushing 水口套puller bar 水口铁drool bushing 防漏胶套筒safety switch 限位制water line connected internally or hard tubing 不可用胶喉连接运水lifter on square rod or locked from rotation 用方形柱或用管钉止转gate insert 入水镶件gate shut-offs 流道开关配件guided ejection 中托司parting line shutoff 前后模接触面waterlines clear tie bars. 运水喉咀接驳位要避开啤机呵林柱. BGV=Balanced Gate V alue 平衡入水值spacer 垫块pocket 挖槽rough 粗加工finish 精加工plunge rate 进刀率retract rate 提刀速率splindle rate 主轴转速coolant 冷却液SPLIT RING 开口环(钥匙圈)侧向抽芯力 side pulling-core forceconvert.transfer 转图guide pin 边针Tee slot cutter T形SLOT CUTTERzigzag 双向切削constant overlap spiral 等距环切parallel spiral 环绕切削parallel spiral clean corners 环切并清角morph spiral 依外形环绕true spiral 螺旋切削one way 单向end mill 平铣刀spher mill 球刀bull mill 圆鼻刀face mill 面铣刀rad mill 圆角成型刀chamfer mill 倒角刀slot mill 槽刀taper mill 推拔铣刀dove mill 鸠尾铣刀lot mill 棒状drill 钻孔reamer 纹刀bore bar 搪刀tap RH 右牙刀Tap LH 左牙刀ctr Drill 中心钻spot drill 点钻cntr bore 沉头孔刀c. sink 鱼眼孔钻loft surface 举升曲面coons surface 昆氏曲面ruled surface 直纹曲面revolved surface 旋转曲面swept surface 扫描曲面draft surface 牵引曲面grinding wheel 磨砂使用的轮子quench steel 将...淬火,使冷却stress relieving 应力消除molten 熔热的oxide film 氧化层guide pin and sleeve, locating ring ,导边,司筒,定位圈ejector ,ejector balde, ejector sleeve,顶针,扁顶针,顶针司筒, lifters, wear plate,horn pin,斜坊,磨损板,气顶针,O ring, water baffle, water pipe plug,O形圈,隔片,运水管道塞, water line connector,wear plate ,运水管道转接头,耐磨板air cylinder,hydraulic cylinder,氯压缸,液压缸micro switch,oil nipple, spring,开关装置,油枪接头,弹弓sprue bushing,early return system,浇口套,早期回撞装置, accelerated ejectors, slied holder,加速顶针,注塑周期计数器, cycle counter,date stamper，滑块固定板,生产日期铭牌,hot runner system ，热流道系统chemical composition 化学成份thermal conductiivity 导热性能thermal diffusivity 热扩散性能dimensonal stablity 尺寸稳定性能cooling effiency 冷却效率easiler ejection 易于脱模alloy insert 合金镶件(cooling) duct 输送管;导管maintenance cost 维护费用ultrasonic testing 超声波检测crack 断裂direct gate 直接浇口ring gate 环形浇口disk gate;disphragm gate 盘形浇口spoke gate;spider gate 轮辐浇口pin-point gate 点浇口edge gate 侧浇口submarine gate;tunnel gate 潜伏浇口fan gate 扇形浇口tab gate 护耳浇口runner plate 流道板(或冷或热)secondary nozzle 二级喷嘴torpedo;torpedo body assembly 鱼雷形组合体catridge heater 管式加热器heat pipe 热管valve gate 阀式浇口force plunger;pot plunger 柱塞flash groove;spew groove 溢料槽impression;cavity block;cavity plate 凹模punch;force 凸模movable insert;loose detail 活动镶件cavity splits;core splits(凹模拼块) (型芯拼块) 拼块side core 侧型芯thread plug;threaded core 螺纹型芯thread ring;threaded cavity 螺纹型环cutting wheel 切割砂轮grinding wheel 打磨砂轮abrasive material 打磨器材mould clamps;lifting clamp 砂模夹(注塑机使用) air (water) hose 风管,水轮管pressure gauge 高压油表hydraulic hose 压力油喉plastic blow mould 吹塑模plastic injection mould 注塑模blandk&form compound die 冲扎复合模precisiion blanking die 精密冲模MFR=melt flow rate 熔料流动率MFT=melt flow index 熔料流动指数handling hole 拉铃孔stop plate 限位块linder bush 衬套spacer block(plate) 垫块,方铁back-up ring 背位环standoff 限位块American Safety Hoist Rings. 英制安全吊装环Mechanical Properties 机械性能Tensile Strength(MPa) 抗拉强度elongation 延伸率hardness(Brinell) 硬度shear stength(MPa) 剪切力impact strength 冲韧性Physical Properties 物理性能solidification shrinkage 凝固收缩率freezing range 凝固与熔范围thermal expansion 热膨胀系数specific heat 比热thermal conductivity 热导率electrical conductivity 电导率micro-structure 金相分析hot work tool steel 热作钢circular motion 环形运动variable 变数,参数graphics window 图形窗口45 degree entry and a zero degree exit. 进刀口45度,退刀口0度runner stripper plate 脱料板stripper plate 活动板spacer rock(risers) 间隔板stage ejector 顶棍sprue puller insert 扣针导套guide strip 行位后板afdek plate 挡尘板side gate 大水口pinpoint gate 细水口SHCS 杯头螺丝FHCS 平头螺丝set screw 无头螺丝ball catch 波子螺丝wedge 行位较杯gib 线条,(撑鸡的导轨)latch 拉杆clamp 码仔spring guide pin 弹弓导柱steel pad disc 橙仔方ejector cam insert 斜顶块(screw) nut 螺母taper 嗲把/ 斜度taper interlock 嗲把锁texture 花纹toggle-lok 回撞装置top clamping plate 顶码板unified national coarse (UNC) 美制螺丝(粗牙)unified national fine (UNF) 美制螺丝(幼牙)set screw 喷头螺丝side gate 大水口slide retainer 行位管位water junction 喉咀spacer block 登仔jiffy-matic socket 喉咀套jiffy-tite plug 喉咀公spring plunger 弹弓座sprue puller 勾针/勾粒spring washer 弹簧塑圈stepped ejector pin 有托顶针strippers plate 推板/细水口板submarine gate 潜水口support pin 拉杆support plate 暗板surface finish 光洁度alignment strip 斜锁angle pin 斜针fan gate 扇形入水fillet 圆口ball catch 弹弓波子blade ejector 扁顶bottom clamping plate 底码板free length 自然长度bridge piece 水口铁helix spindle 锅杆hose clip 水喉箍bubbler 隔气运水jiggle 斜顶jiggle witness line 斜顶片位置center distance (CRS) 山打距离(中心线距离)clamp 码仔contour 外形leader pin 导针location ring(flange) 法兰counterbore 拔头,介子托mock-up;prototype 手办die cast 合金压铸national pipe thread(NPT) 美制喉牙overflow 垃圾位ejection sleeve 司筒,顶套epoxy 胶样pin point gate 细水口pressure plug 喉塞pressure spring 压力弹簧parting line flash 披锋burned 烧黑underfilled 缺料insert mismatch 镶件夹口ejector pins not flush 顶针有高低ejector pins skid 顶针滑动insert flash 镶件披锋pressure transducer 压力探测头hydraulic schematic 油积筒油路接驳图jiffy connector recessed 安装喉嘴后不可突出模胚knock out pullback stud -flush with clamp plate 顶棍镶件与底板有否空间safety switches 限位开关stop block 限位块safety strap 安全带drool bushing 防漏胶套筒insert mismatch 镶件夹口EDM visible 明显火花纹lifter scrapes 斜顶拖花short shots 走水不齐wall stock 料位厚薄knit lines 走水纹stress marks 夹水纹uneven fill pattern 走水不平行drag marks 拖花。
注塑件设计准则(injection moulding design guidelines)
Sink mark saver
All B-Side features which are on a tooling lifter and directly behind the Class A nominal wall must have a "sink saver" feature designed into them.
IP Design Rules
How to ensure the thickness is bigger enough for the screw, but would not have sink mark issue.
If you need to design a boss at the corner.
4. Bosses
Bosses are commonly used as locator, heat stake and screw receiver.
Design rules:
• Avoid thick wall sections. Avoid sharp corners which cause stress concentrators and affect plastic flow. • To avoid the sink mark, the thickness rule is the same as ribs. • Height of the boss < 2 1/2 times the diameter of the hole in the boss. • Outer diameter of boss 2.5 times the screw diameter for self-tapping screw applications. • Thick-walled bosses with bases greater than 50% of the wall could form visible sink marks. Instead, design thinner walled boss of 2.0 times screw diameter or less with multiple ribs. • Avoid stand-alone bosses. Attach bosses to walls or ribs for structural stability
模具零配件中英文对照解读
常用模具零件中英文对照表2005-12-19 14:51:17 中国注塑网入水：gate进入位：gate location水口形式：gate type大水口：edge gate细水口：pin-point gate水口大小：gate size转水口：switching runner/gate唧嘴口径：sprue diameter流道: runner热流道：hot runner,hot manifold热嘴冷流道: hot sprue/cold runner唧嘴直流: direct sprue gate圆形流道：round(full/half runner流道电脑分析：mold flow analysis流道平衡:runner balance热嘴：hot sprue热流道板：hot manifold发热管：cartridge heater探针: thermocouples插头：connector plug插座：connector socket密封/封料：seal运水：water line喉塞：line lpug喉管：tube塑胶管：plastic tube快速接头：jiffy quick connector plug/socker 模具零件：mold components三板模：3-plate mold二板模：2-plate mold边钉/导边：leader pin/guide pin边司/导套：bushing/guide bushing中托司：shoulder guide bushing中托边：guide pin顶针板：ejector retainner plate托板：support plate螺丝：screw管钉：dowel pin开模槽：ply bar scot内模管位：core/cavity inter-lock顶针：ejector pin司筒：ejector sleeve司筒针：ejector pin推板：stripper plate缩呵：movable core,return core core puller 扣机（尼龙拉勾）：nylon latch lock斜顶：lifter模胚（架）：mold base上内模：cavity insert下内模：core insert行位（滑块）：slide镶件：insert压座/斜鸡：wedge耐磨板/油板：wedge wear plate压条：plate撑头: support pillar唧嘴：sprue bushing挡板：stop plate定位圈：locating ring锁扣：latch扣鸡：parting lock set推杆：push bar栓打螺丝：S.H.S.B顶板：eracuretun活动臂：lever arm分流锥：spure sperader水口司:bush垃圾钉：stop pin隔片：buffle弹弓柱：spring rod弹弓:die spring中托司：ejector guide bush中托边：ejector guide pin镶针：pin销子：dowel pin波子弹弓：ball catch喉塞:pipeplug锁模块：lockplate斜顶：anglefrompin斜顶杆：angleejectorrod尼龙拉勾：partinglocks活动臂：leverarm复位键、提前回杆：earlyreturnbar气阀：valves斜导边：anglepin术语：terms承压平面平衡：partingsurfacesupportbalance模排气：partinglineventing回针碰料位：returnpinandcavityinterference模总高超出啤机规格：moldbaseshuthight顶针碰运水：waterlineinterfereswithejectorpin料位出上/下模：partfromcavith(core)side模胚原身出料位：cavitydirectcutonA-plate,coredirectcutonB-plate. 不准用镶件：Donotuse(core/cavity)insert用铍铜做镶件：useberylliumcopperinsert初步（正式）模图设计：preliinary(final)molddesign反呵：reversecore弹弓压缩量：springcompressedlength稳定性好：goodstability,stable强度不够：insufficientrigidity均匀冷却：evencooling扣模：sticking热膨胀：theroexpansion公差：tolorance铜公(电极）：copperelectrodecompre sion molding 压缩成型flash mold 溢流式模具plsitive mold 挤压式模具split mold 分割式模具cavity 型控母模core 模心公模taper 锥拔leather cloak 仿皮革shiver 饰纹flow mark 流痕welding mark 溶合痕post screw insert 螺纹套筒埋值self tapping screw 自攻螺丝striper plate 脱料板piston 活塞cylinder 汽缸套chip 细碎物handle mold 手持式模具encapsulation molding 低压封装成型、射出成型用模具two plate 两极式（模具）well type 蓄料井insulated runner 绝缘浇道方式hot runner 热浇道runner plat 浇道模块valve gate 阀门浇口band heater 环带状的电热器spindle 阀针spear head 刨尖头slag well 冷料井cold slag 冷料渣air vent 排气道welding line 熔合痕eject pin 顶出针punch 冲头insert 入块(嵌入件)deburring punch 压毛边冲子groove punch 压线冲子stamped punch 字模冲子round punch 圆冲子special shape punch 异形冲子bending block 折刀roller 滚轴baffle plate 挡块located block 定位块supporting block for location 定位支承块air cushion plate 气垫板air-cushion eject-rod 气垫顶杆trimming punch 切边冲子stiffening rib punch = stinger 加强筋冲子ribbon punch 压筋冲子reel-stretch punch 卷圆压平冲子guide plate 定位板sliding block 滑块sliding dowel block 滑块固定块active plate 活动板lower sliding plate 下滑块板upper holder block 上压块upper mid plate 上中间板spring box 弹簧箱spring-box eject-rod 弹簧箱顶杆spring-box eject-plate 弹簧箱顶板bushing bolck 衬套cover plate 盖板guide pad 导料块electrical discharge machining (EDM) 电火花加工electrical insulating property 电绝缘性能electrochemical die-sinking machine 电解型腔加工机，电解型腔加工机床electrochemical machine (ECM) 电解加工机床，电化学加工机床electrochemical machining (ECM) 电解加工，电化学加工electro-discharge cutting 电火花加工，电火花切割electro-discharge cutting machine 电火花切割机electro-discharge machine tool 电火花加工机床Electro-discharge Machine 电火花加工机床electro-discharge machining 电火花加工electro-discharge machining process 电火花加工工艺，电火花加工工序epoxy resin 环氧树脂guide bushing 导套guide pillar 导柱，导杆，导柱guide pin 导向销，导杆guide pin cover 导柱盖guide plate 导料板，导板guide plate blanking die 导板式冲裁模，导板式落料模guide post 导柱，导柱guide stock plate 挡料板injection mold 注射模，注塑模injection molding 注射成型，注塑成型injection-molding machine 注塑机，注射机，注塑成形机injection plunger 注射柱塞in-line reciprocating screw 联机往复螺杆，串联往复螺杆，直线排列往复螺杆inner ram 内滑块inserting molding 嵌件成形integrated manufacturing 集成制造internal stress 内应力13.intermediate platen 中间板，隔板塑料成型模具的主要设计要素脱模距stripper distance脱模斜度draft投影面积projected area最大开距maximum daylight;open daylight闭合高度mould-shut height抽芯距core-pulling distance抽芯力core-pulling force脱模力ejector force开模力mould opening force模内压力internal mould pressure;cavity pressure成型压力moulding pressure背压环back-up ring 1 bar = 14.5psi高压接头bite type fitting液压马达hydraulic motor冷却水流量计waterflow regulator打磨器材abrasive material打磨砂轮grinding wheels切割砂轮cutting wheels码模夹(注塑机使用) mould clamps; lifting clamps 小五金工具piping tools高压力软管high pressure hose风管,水软管air .water hose高压油表pressure gauge压力油喉hydraulic hoses光塑检测photoelastic testing吹塑模plastic blow mould注塑模plastic injection mould冲扎复合模blank & form compound die精密冲模precision blanking die熔料流动率MFR=melt flow rate熔料流动指数MET=melt flow index推板导柱guide pin for ejector plater座板clamping plate垫块space block(plate)推板ejector block(plate)afdek plate 档尘板guide stripe 行位后板cavity sub-insert 前模镶件core sub-insert 后模镶件sprue puller insert 扣针镶件stage ejector 顶棍spacer rock(risers) 间隔板变形distortion弯曲warp拖花drag marks火花纹EDM marks困气venting烧黑burns表面缩水shrinkage料位过薄/砸穿thin wall stock走水不平行uneven fill pattern夹水纹/流纹witness line;mismatch;stress marks 走水纹knit lines走水不齐short shotsorifice 料口nozzle seat 热嘴垫圈nozzle plate 射嘴板cross pin 十字头销sled 射台seal ring 封密圈spacer rail 介子座heater groove 发热管槽heater cement 发热管的结合剂soak 浸泡seat 垫圈ream 铰大圆孔直径grind 磨床drill 钻床mill 铣床caliper 卡尺G-caliper 分厘卡Depth Gauge 深厚计hardness tester 硬度计angle gauge 角规marble table 云台石projector 投影仪height gauge 高度仪microscope 显微镜plug gauge 塞规leveller 水平器R gauge R 规Inter caliper 内分厘卡surface 平面仪item number 细目编码catalog number 材料分类编码undercut lip 倒扣口hot tip = hot drop = nozzle 热嘴blow-off strip 放气板blow-off nozzle 吹风口spiral hose 螺旋式的连接喉rust solvent 除锈剂shaft 曲轴ensile strength 拉伸力yield strength 屈服力spark erosion 电火花蚀刻etch(photo-etch) 电蚀harden 淬硬copper electrode 铜公corrosion resistance 耐腐蚀anneal 退火heat treatment 淬火FEM(finite elemnet method) 有限元法preliminary tool design 初期模具设计图zone 热流道区域reverse taper 倒啤把clamp plate 码板toggle clamp 快速夹vacuum furnace 真空炉cavity insert rounds 圆柱镶件cavity insert b0locks 方柱镶件tensile strength 抗张强度,抗拉强度Concept drawing 概念图Assembly drawing 装配图mismatch;witness line 夹纹shut-off(n.) 枕位venting valves 疏气阀venting plug 疏气塞valve casing 阀门罩twist drill 旋钻harden/nitride 碎硬anneal 退火temper 回火stess crack 应力断裂corrosion resistance 防腐,防锈tensile strength 物】抗张强度,抗拉强度split mould (分离)组合式的模具inclined plate 斜面inclined bolt 斜栓jaw (工具,机械等)夹住东西的部分,钳口step change of the P/L 分形面枕位的改变thin steel section 较薄的料位clean-up 清理,清除,清扫Mold Dating Insert 模具日志镶件Hot Sprue Bushing 热浇口套semi-automatic 半自动quick disconnector 快速断开接头full shot 足量注射mismatch 夹痕;夹水纹ejector mark 顶痕screw boss 螺丝孔,螺丝基座sink mark 缩坑15% glass filled ABS 掺有15%玻璃的ABS spraying mold release 脱模剂drag mark 拖痕stress mark 应力痕reinforcement rib 加强筋slght stoning 轻度磨砂soliid line 实线dotted line 虚线internal diameter 内径external diameter 外径nickel-plated 电镀的handling hole;lifting hole 吊装孔parallel 平行块piston 活塞plunger 柱塞carrier 导轨rest 支架item number 项目编号catalog item 商品目录编码dimensional datum 尺寸基准heat treatment certification 淬硬证明文件back-up bushing 支撑导套jacking screw 起重螺丝,千斤顶tapped hole (带有螺旋角度的)螺丝孔diagonal corner 成对角的角落burn mark 烧痕hot runner mainfold (热流道板)分流板texuring 蚀纹clamping screw (注塑机)码模螺丝imperial 英制的metric 公制的puller bushing 水口套puller bar 水口铁drool bushing 防漏胶套筒safety switch 限位制water line connected internally or hard tubing 不可用胶喉连接运水lifter on square rod or locked from rotation 用方形柱或用管钉止转gate insert 入水镶件gate shut-offs 流道开关配件guided ejection 中托司parting line shutoff 前后模接触面waterlines clear tie bars. 运水喉咀接驳位要避开啤机呵林柱. BGV=Balanced Gate Value 平衡入水值spacer 垫块pocket 挖槽rough 粗加工finish 精加工plunge rate 进刀率retract rate 提刀速率splindle rate 主轴转速coolant 冷却液SPLIT RING 开口环(钥匙圈)侧向抽芯力side pulling-core forceconvert.transfer 转图guide pin 边针Tee slot cutter T 形SLOT CUTTER zigzag 双向切削constant overlap spiral 等距环切parallel spiral 环绕切削parallel spiral clean corners 环切并清角morph spiral 依外形环绕true spiral 螺旋切削one way 单向end mill 平铣刀spher mill 球刀bull mill 圆鼻刀face mill 面铣刀rad mill 圆角成型刀chamfer mill 倒角刀slot mill 槽刀taper mill 推拔铣刀dove mill 鸠尾铣刀lot mill 棒状drill 钻孔reamer 纹刀bore bar 搪刀tap RH 右牙刀Tap LH 左牙刀ctr Drill 中心钻spot drill 点钻cntr bore 沉头孔刀c. sink 鱼眼孔钻loft surface 举升曲面coons surface 昆氏曲面ruled surface 直纹曲面revolved surface 旋转曲面swept surface 扫描曲面draft surface 牵引曲面grinding wheel 磨砂使用的轮子quench steel 将...淬火,使冷却stress relieving 应力消除molten 熔热的oxide film 氧化层guide pin and sleeve, locating ring ,导边,司筒,定位圈ejector ,ejector balde, ejector sleeve,顶针,扁顶针,顶针司筒, lifters, wear plate,horn pin,斜坊,磨损板,气顶针,O ring, water baffle, water pipe plug,O 形圈,隔片,运水管道塞, water line connector,wear plate ,运水管道转接头,耐磨板air cylinder,hydraulic cylinder,氯压缸,液压缸micro switch,oil nipple, spring,开关装置,油枪接头,弹弓sprue bushing,early return system,浇口套,早期回撞装置, accelerated ejectors, slied holder,加速顶针,注塑周期计数器, cycle counter,date stamper，滑块固定板,生产日期铭牌,hot runner system ，热流道系统chemical composition 化学成份thermal conductiivity 导热性能thermal diffusivity 热扩散性能dimensonal stablity 尺寸稳定性能cooling effiency 冷却效率easiler ejection 易于脱模alloy insert 合金镶件(cooling) duct 输送管;导管maintenance cost 维护费用ultrasonic testing 超声波检测crack 断裂direct gate 直接浇口ring gate 环形浇口disk gate;disphragm gate 盘形浇口spoke gate;spider gate 轮辐浇口pin-point gate 点浇口edge gate 侧浇口submarine gate;tunnel gate 潜伏浇口fan gate 扇形浇口tab gate 护耳浇口runner plate 流道板(或冷或热)secondary nozzle 二级喷嘴torpedo;torpedo body assembly 鱼雷形组合体catridge heater 管式加热器heat pipe 热管valve gate 阀式浇口force plunger;pot plunger 柱塞flash groove;spew groove 溢料槽impression;cavity block;cavity plate 凹模punch;force 凸模movable insert;loose detail 活动镶件cavity splits;core splits(凹模拼块) (型芯拼块) 拼块side core 侧型芯thread plug;threaded core 螺纹型芯thread ring;threaded cavity 螺纹型环cutting wheel 切割砂轮grinding wheel 打磨砂轮abrasive material 打磨器材mould clamps;lifting clamp 砂模夹(注塑机使用)air (water) hose 风管,水轮管pressure gauge 高压油表hydraulic hose 压力油喉plastic blow mould 吹塑模plastic injection mould 注塑模blandk&form compound die 冲扎复合模precisiion blanking die 精密冲模MFR=melt flow rate 熔料流动率MFT=melt flow index 熔料流动指数handling hole 拉铃孔stop plate 限位块linder bush 衬套spacer block(plate) 垫块,方铁back-up ring 背位环standoff 限位块American Safety Hoist Rings. 英制安全吊装环Mechanical Properties 机械性能Tensile Strength(MPa) 抗拉强度elongation 延伸率hardness(Brinell) 硬度shear stength(MPa) 剪切力impact strength 冲韧性Physical Properties 物理性能solidification shrinkage 凝固收缩率freezing range 凝固与熔范围thermal expansion 热膨胀系数specific heat 比热thermal conductivity 热导率electrical conductivity 电导率micro-structure 金相分析hot work tool steel 热作钢circular motion 环形运动variable 变数,参数graphics window 图形窗口45 degree entry and a zero degree exit. 进刀口45 度,退刀口0 度runner stripper plate 脱料板stripper plate 活动板spacer rock(risers) 间隔板stage ejector 顶棍sprue puller insert 扣针导套guide strip 行位后板afdek plate 挡尘板side gate 大水口pinpoint gate 细水口SHCS 杯头螺丝FHCS 平头螺丝set screw 无头螺丝ball catch 波子螺丝wedge 行位较杯gib 线条,(撑鸡的导轨)latch 拉杆clamp 码仔spring guide pin 弹弓导柱steel pad disc 橙仔方ejector cam insert 斜顶块(screw) nut 螺母taper 嗲把/ 斜度taper interlock 嗲把锁texture 花纹toggle-lok 回撞装置top clamping plate 顶码板unified national coarse (UNC) 美制螺丝(粗牙) unified national fine (UNF) 美制螺丝(幼牙) set screw 喷头螺丝side gate 大水口slide retainer 行位管位water junction 喉咀spacer block 登仔jiffy-matic socket 喉咀套jiffy-tite plug 喉咀公spring plunger 弹弓座sprue puller 勾针/勾粒spring washer 弹簧塑圈stepped ejector pin 有托顶针strippers plate 推板/细水口板submarine gate 潜水口support pin 拉杆support plate 暗板surface finish 光洁度alignment strip 斜锁angle pin 斜针fan gate 扇形入水fillet 圆口ball catch 弹弓波子blade ejector 扁顶bottom clamping plate 底码板free length 自然长度bridge piece 水口铁helix spindle 锅杆hose clip 水喉箍bubbler 隔气运水jiggle 斜顶jiggle witness line 斜顶片位置center distance (CRS) 山打距离(中心线距离)clamp 码仔contour 外形leader pin 导针location ring(flange) 法兰counterbore 拔头,介子托mock-up;prototype 手办die cast 合金压铸national pipe thread(NPT) 美制喉牙overflow 垃圾位ejection sleeve 司筒,顶套epoxy 胶样pin point gate 细水口pressure plug 喉塞pressure spring 压力弹簧parting line flash 披锋burned 烧黑underfilled 缺料insert mismatch 镶件夹口ejector pins not flush 顶针有高低ejector pins skid 顶针滑动insert flash 镶件披锋pressure transducer 压力探测头hydraulic schematic 油积筒油路接驳图jiffy connector recessed 安装喉嘴后不可突出模胚knock out pullback stud -flush with clamp plate 顶棍镶件与底板有否空间safety switches 限位开关stop block 限位块safety strap 安全带drool bushing 防漏胶套筒insert mismatch 镶件夹口EDM visible 明显火花纹lifter scrapes 斜顶拖花short shots 走水不齐wall stock 料位厚薄knit lines 走水纹stress marks 夹水纹uneven fill pattern 走水不平行drag marks 拖花sprue pretrusion 唧嘴突出高度sprue orifice and radil size 唧嘴R 尺寸sprue bushing-keyed 唧嘴有管钉English Chinese program name 产口名称part name 零件名称tool name 模具名称tool source 模具来源tool steel 模具钢材resin 塑料program number 产品编号part number 零件编号tool number 模具编号customer 客户名称No of cavities 内模编号machine size 啤机吨数drum miller 鼓形铣床duplex horizontal miller 复式卧铣床face miller 端面铣床grinding miller 研磨机plain miller 平面铣床planer-type miller 刨式铣床rack miller 齿条铣床slab miller 大型平面铣床slot miller 键槽铣刀spline miller 花键铣刀thread miller 螺纹铣刀vertical miller 立式铣刀,立辊,立辊轧机endmill 立铣刀plastic mould steel 塑料模钢cold work steel 冷作钢hot work steel 热作钢high speed steel 高速钢electric magnetic clutch 电磁离合器pad printer 移印机screen printer 丝印机hot stamper 烫印机solid carbide slitting saw 钻石钢锯片convex cutter 凸锣刀片concave cutter 凹锣刀片side&face cutters,staggered teeth end-mill 锣刀semi-rod 半圆刀split double end 双头刀single end 单头刀2-flute 两辨3-flute 三辨4-flute 四辨reamer 直拈centre drill 中心钻solid carbide drill 钻咀zinc ingot 锌锭aluminium ignot 铝锭tin ignot 锡锭heater cement 发热管的结合剂heater groove 发热管槽spacer rail 介子座cross pin 十字头销nozzle plate 射嘴板nozzle seat 热嘴addendum 齿冠dedendum 齿根air compressor 空气压缩机air exhauster 抽气机air intake 进气口air seal 空气隔离层Mold changing systems 换模系统Mold core 模芯Mold heaters/chillers 模具加热器/冷却器Mold polishing/texturing 模具打磨/磨纹Mold repair 模具维修Molds 模具Pressing dies 压模Quick die change systems 速换模系统Quick mold change systems 快速换模系统三、模具塑料模具mould of plastics注塑模具injection mould冲压模具die模架mould base定模座板Top clamping plate Top plateFixed clamp plate水口推板stripper plateA板A plateB板B plate支承板support plate方铁spacer plate底针板ejector plate面针板ejector retainer plate回针Return pin导柱Guide pin有托导套Shoulder Guide bush 直导套Straight Guide bush动模座板Bottom clamp plate Moving clamp plate基准线datum line基准面datum plan型芯固定板core-retainer plate 凸模固定板punch-retainer plate 顶针ejector pin单腔模具single cavity mould多腔模具multi-cavity mould多浇口multi-gating浇口gate缺料starving排气breathing光泽gloss合模力mould clamping force锁模力mould locking force挤出extrusion开裂crack循环时间cycle time老化aging螺杆screw麻点pit嵌件insert活动镶件movable insert起垩chalking浇注系统feed system主流道sprue分流道runner浇口gate直浇口direct gate , sprue gate轮辐浇口spoke gate , spider gate点浇口pin-point gate测浇口edge gate潜伏浇口submarine gate , tunnel gate料穴cold-slug well浇口套sprue bush流道板runner plate排飞槽vent分型线（面）parting line定模stationary mould，Fixed mould动模movable mould, movable half上模upper mould，upper half下模lower mould，lower half型腔cavity凹模cavity plate，cavity block拼块split定位销dowel定位销孔dowel hole型芯core斜销angle pin, finger cam滑块slide滑块导板slide guide strip楔紧块heel block, wedge lock拉料杆sprue puller定位环locating ring冷却通cooling channel脱模斜度draft滑动型芯slide core螺纹型芯threaded core热流道模具hot-runner mould绝热流道模insulated runner mould熔合纹weld line （flow line）三板式模具three plate mould脱模ejection换模腔模具interchangeable cavity mould 脱模剂release agent注射能力shot capacity注射速率injection rate注射压力injection pressure差色剂colorant保压时间holdup time闭模时间closing time定型装置sizing system阴模female mould，cavity block阳模male mould电加工设备Electron Discharge Machining数控加工中心CNC machine center万能铁床Universal milling machine卧式刨床Horizontal planer车床Engine lathe平面磨床Surface grinding machine去磁机Demagnetization machine万能摇臂钻床Universal radial movable driller 立式钻床Vertical driller超声波清洗机Ultrasonic clearing machine compre sion molding压缩成型flash mold溢流式模具plsitive mold挤压式模具split mold分割式模具cavity型控母模core模心公模taper锥拔leather cloak仿皮革shiver饰纹flow mark流痕welding mark溶合痕post screw insert螺纹套筒埋值self tapping screw自攻螺丝striper plate脱料板piston活塞cylinder汽缸套chip细碎物handle mold手持式模具（移转成型用模具）encapsulation molding低压封装成型（射出成型用模具）two plate两极式（模具）well type蓄料井insulated runner绝缘浇道方式hot runner热浇道runner plat浇道模块valve gate阀门浇口band heater环带状的电热器spindle阀针spear head刨尖头slag well冷料井cold slag冷料渣air vent排气道welding line熔合痕eject pin顶出针knock pin顶出销return pin回位销反顶针sleave套筒stripper plate脱料板insert core放置入子runner stripper plate浇道脱料板guide pin导销eject rod (bar)（成型机）顶业捧subzero深冷处理three plate三极式模具runner system浇道系统stress crack应力电裂orientation定向sprue gate射料浇口，直浇口nozzle射嘴sprue lock pin料头钩销(拉料杆)slag well冷料井side gate侧浇口edge gate侧缘浇口tab gate搭接浇口film gate薄膜浇口flash gate闸门浇口slit gate缝隙浇口fan gate扇形浇口dish gate因盘形浇口diaphragm gate隔膜浇口ring gate环形浇口subarine gate潜入式浇口tunnel gate隧道式浇口pin gate针点浇口Runner less无浇道(sprue less)无射料管方式long nozzle延长喷嘴方式sprue浇口;溶渣根据中文词汇查所关心的技术问题，解决实际工作中的难题例如，在汉语词汇中看到——高速冲孔废料上跳（かす上り、scrap jump ）词汇，到网上一搜，中图分类号TG382.6，文章编码：1671-3508-2008-10-07-517，“高速冲压中防止冲孔废料上跳的方法”一文会告诉你引起高速冲孔废料上跳的原因，不外乎有油膜粘连、真空吸附、刃口磨损、磁性未退四个主要方面，解决这些问题有三个方向的思路可以考虑，具体手段有“毛糙面”法、“斜刀口”法、“硅胶顶出”法、“凹模刃口倒退拔”法，等等。
injection moulding
INJECTION MOULDINGInjection moulding is a process of forming an article by forcing molten plastic material under pressure into a mould where it is cooled, solidified and subsequently released by opening the two halves of the mould.Injection moulding is used for the formation of intricate plastic parts with excellent dimensional accuracy. A large number of items associated with our daily life are produced by way of injection moulding. Typical product categories include housewares, toys, automotive parts, furniture, rigid packaging items, appliances and medical disposable syringes.Advantages of Injection Moulding♦Accuracy in weight of articles♦Choice of desired surface finish and colours♦Choice of ultimate strength of articles♦Faster production and lower rejection rates♦Faster start-up and shut down procedures♦Minimum wastage♦Stability of processing parameters♦Versatality in processing different raw materials♦Option in article sizes by changing the mould.♦Minimum post moulding operationsINJECTION MOULDING MACHINEMachine specifications:To determine suitability of moulding machines for making a particular product, the following machine specifications need to be checked:Maximum shot weight capacity of the machine should be more than the total weight of article/articles ( in case of multicavity mould) plus the runner system.Injection pressure should be sufficient to fill the cavities without any short shots.Clamping tonnage required to hold the mould in locked condition should be adequate (otherwise there will be flashes)Daylight opening of the machine should be higher than sum total of mould height, plus article neight, plus space required for removal of articles.Injection moulding cycleA typical sequence of operations from startup is as follows:1.Starting with an empty cylinder, raw material from the feed hoper falls onto the rear flightsof the screw which conveys material to the front of the cylinder. During its passage along the cylinder it is plasticised to a fluid state with the help of external heaters on the barrel. Some material may escape through the nozzle but the back pressure is generally sufficient to push the screw back in the cylinder and to provide a reservoir of fluid plastic in the front of the cylinder for injection.2.The mould closes and the cylinder moves forward units carriage until the nozzle is in contactwith the entrance of the mould.3.The screw is moved forward by the hydraulic cylinder at the rear of the machine and theinjection takes place.4.After a short interval ( the holding time), the screw rotates, creating some pressure in thebarrel, which offers it back against low pressure in the hydraulic cylinder, until the limit switch operates, stopping the rotation. This plasticises material ready for the next shot.5.The mould opens, the article is ejected and the mould closes again ready for the next cycle.6. Stages (2) to (5) repeat.Cycle of operationsMould release spray is sometimes used to remove the articles from the mould. Due to contours, ribs and undercuts, the article may get stuck up in the mould.Key features of Polypropylene♦Strength and light weight♦Good heat resistances♦Good surface finish and gloss of moulded parts♦Excellent environmental stress crack resistance♦Ability to form an integral hinge with good life♦Good chemical and stain resistance♦Available in a wide range of flow rates and various impact levels♦Better dimensional stability♦Significance of MW. MWD and Xylene SolublesMolecular Weight (melt flow)♦Polymers is processed as viscous fluids♦As polymer melt viscosity increases (or MFI decreases)♦Processing becomes more difficult♦End-use properties improve♦Therefore a balance of end-use properties with processability is highly desirable. Molecular Weight Distribution (MWD)Broad MWD♦Wider moulding window♦Higher stiffness♦Lower toughness♦Greater tendency for warpageBroad MWD♦Wider moulding window♦Lower stiffness♦Higher toughness♦Less tendency for warpage♦Good surface finishXylene SolublesLow molecular weight fraction containing certain amounts of static polypropyleneIt is not detrimental to properties of Polypropylene and so, kept at a minimum level. However, this low molecular weight fraction acts as lubricant and improves processability Ideal melt temperatures for PP resinsMelt Flow Rate MeltTemperature(deg. C.)1.0-1.52501.6-2.52402.6-4.02304.1-6.52206.6-10.521010.6-17.520017.6>190Note: These are ideal temperatures to achieve best properties, however this needs to be modified on product to product basis.Moulding thin sectionsHinge strength derived from moulded-in orientation and subsequent further orientation by flexing of the hinge soon after moulding.When property formed, the hinge will have virtually unlimited flex life, even at low temperatures.Factors affecting hinge strength♦Mould design♦Moulding conditions♦Melt flow♦ColourantHinge designGate position/Mould fillingSuitable gate away from hingeAvoid"Stop and GO" flow through hinge by locating gate so that major cavity completely fills before flow starts through the hinge.Correct gate location for shallow boxesMould coolingProvide ample cooling over hinge area. High melt temperatures due to shear heating through gate can lead to delaminationMould conditionsFlow of polymer melt through hinge should be rapid to promote orientation. Flow should be in a parallel stream through the hinge. "Stop and Go" flow will produce a layered hinge structure of limited flex life.For optimum flex life, the hinge should be flexed through its full arc while still retaining moulding heat.Melt flowIf properly moulded and flexed, virtually any injection moulding grade of PP will give acceptable flex life and strength.ColourantsHinge failures can occur due to improper dispersion and particle size of colourants/pigments. Moulding with nucleated gradesInjection pressure and hold on pressure should be minimum to avoid overpacking and achieving better clarity.Reduction in cycle time.In many cases, increase of melt temperatures by 10 to 15 deg. c. helps in eliminating bubbles. Processing clarified PPFor injection moulding, the following factors should be considered:A.Mould finish♦ A highly polished mould for thebest clarity♦Optical finish♦Draw finish(not recommended)B.Melt temperature♦Low melt temperature. Raise themelt temperature if bubbles areobserved. Usually 190 to 210 deg.c. is a good starting point♦C.♦Mouldtemperature♦Mould temperature should beadjusted to avoid condensation.Raise mould temperature slightly inconjection with melt temperature tosolve bubble problems.♦D.♦Injectionpressure/Speed♦Low pressure high speed mouldfilling is best for low haze."Packing" can cause haze and someloss of impact properties.Polypropylene grades:It is obvious from the points discussed so far that the properties of end products are decided by various parameters, viz.,♦Temperature, pressure, speed and time set on the machine♦Moulds♦Resin propertiesIn order to derive the properties of similar resins, ASTM has devised standards, wherein they are injection moulded under identical conditions and tested.The properties tested of various Repol homopolymer, random and co-polymer grades vis-à-vis some of the competitor grades are given in the following tables.PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE GRADESHomopolymersGrade MFI(g/10min.)XyleneSolubles(%)TYS(MPa)Elongation atYield(%)FlexuralModulus(MPa)IzodImpactStrength(J/m)HDT(deg.C.)SpiralFlow(cms)RepolH110MA11.0 4.036.01016502710437.0Resin A 10.0(2.7)35.012140030.0(24.2)97(35.0)Resin B10.0(2.8)35.012140030.)(28.2)97(38.0)RepolHo33MG3.34.034.511.5170040.010427.5Resin C 3.0(2.6)33.012.0140045.095(28.0)NOTE: Figures within brackets are values obtained at PARC.Random CopolymersGrade MFI(g/10min.)FlexuralModulus (MPa)IzodImapctStrength (J/M)HDT(deg.C)DSCMeltingTemp.(Deg.C)RepolR120MK12.0130060.090150ResinA9.013807490153Resin B11.0(1240)(67)(86)151Note: Figures within brackets are values obtained at PARC.Impact Co-polymers:Grade MFI(g/10min.)TYS(MPa)Elongation atYield(%)FlexuralModulus(Mpa)IzodImpactStrength(j/m)HDT(deg.C.)RepolH030MG3.026.510.0150011095ResinA9.024.012.0110011388RepolC015EG1.526.510.0120022595Resin B 1.523.012.010*******RepolC080MT18.023.07.010*******Resin C(10.2)25.87.512408892Repol12.024.010.012507095 B120MA13.026.012.011506890 ResinDRepol22.025.08.013008095 B220MNResin E26.627.2 6.1183076120 NOTE: Figures within brackets are values obtained .Application of Poly propylene HomopolymerHousewares *Closures *Industrial productsFurnitureRandom Co-polymersHousewares *Disposable medical syringesThinwall containers *Toothbrush handleImapct Co-polymerFurnitureLuggage shells *Industrial products *BatteriesAutomotive partsStorage bins *ThermowareLarge appliances(*) Applications where Polyethylene is also used..Comparison of different PolypropylenesRigidity:HP>RCP>PPCPClarity :RCP>HP>PPCPImpact Strength:PPCP>RCP>HPApplicationsHouseware:Homopolymer is used for hot fill applications. Generally preferred grade is Repol H110 MA. However, Homopolymer has lesser impact strength. Random Co-polymers are used where better gloss and clarity are desired. Air tight containers are made with tight fitting lids moulded out of LDPE/LLDPE.high Density Polyethylene is also used to mould houseware items like kitchen containers, mugs and buckets. Buckets made out of HDPE have better impact strength than those made out of Random Copolymer.Closures:Homopolymer has excellent integral hinge properties. Impact Co-polymers are used where enhanced impact properties are required. Flip top lids are made out of Polypropylene because of its hinge properties. Grades used will depend upon the number of impressions in the mould. Multi-cavity moulds need grades of higher flow. Controlled rheology grades of PP are effective in giving warpage free mouldings. When stress- is applied, like flexing at the hinge, the stressed area, i.e. hinge becomes white, when impact Co-polymer is used. This phenomenon is known as stress whitening.LDPE, LLDPE & HDPE are also used to mold closures. PP closures give good dimensional stability. LDPE/LLDPE is used if flexibility is required in lids.Furniture:Homopolymers form a major component of furniture mouldings. Homopolymers have high flexural modulus which help in imparting stiffness to furniture. This can further be enhanced with addition of mineral fillers like talc or calcium carbonate to the tune of 10 to 15%. To improve upon impact strength, Impact Copolymers are added. The blend ratio is determined keeping in view the end properties required for the furniture.Design also plays a significant part in determining the blend. Preferred Homopolymer grade is H110MA and Copolymer is B030MG or B120 MA.Disposable Syringes:Two piece syringes are made with Polypropylene barrel, either Homopolymer or Random Copolymer and plunger with built-in head, moulded out of High Density Polyethylene. Three piece syringes are made with both barrel and plunger of Polypropylene with a latex rubber bunge infront of plunger.H110MA & R120 MK are the respective Homopolymer ad Random Copolymer grades used, the moulds generally being multi-cavity. Both the grades are approved as per U.S Pharmacopea XXIII. The grades and additives incorporated in them also comply with FDA. Relene M60075 is used for plunger of two piece syringes.The syringes have to undergo theylene oxide, carbon dioxide mix or gamma sterilisation. The surface of the barrels are flame treated to make them conducive for printing.Thin wall containers:The containers have a wall thickness below 1.0 mm. High flow grades are used to mould multi-cavity containers. Controlled rheology grades help in getting warpage free mouldings. Random Copolymer gives good clarity and gloss. Polypropylene is used for hot fill applications, because of high melting point and HDT.High Density Polyethylene is used to mould thin wall containers, used for frozen food applciations, because of its better impact strength at low temperature. Brittleness temperature measured for HDPE is - 73 deg, Cent.Toothbrush handles:Three types of toothbrushes are generally manufactured:1.Low cost, where PPHP handles are used2.Medium cost, where RCP handles are used.3.High cost, where SAN handles are used.4.A new development is the spring back brushes where the handles are made of PP ImpactCopolymers or a combination of PP impact and Homopolymers.The following grades are used:PPHP:H110 MARCP:R120MKPPCP:C015EGLuggage Shells:Some of the manufacturers use HDPE of high stiffness and good impact strength for this application. Only after the introduction of samsonite luggage in India and the availability of PP. VIP has started moulding the luggage shells with PP.This market is now mostly dominated by PP Impact Copolymer. The raw material properties required of this grade are as follows:Medium to high imapct strengthLow blush (less stress whitening)Good stiffnessSometimes HDPe or LLDPE is added to PPCP to get low blush.Repol B030MG or B120 MA is used. Samsonite uses DSM grade Stamylan 75MR10. Generally preferred grade of HDPE is Ladene M 80064.Batteries:Polypropylene battery bodies with built-in separators and their covers with metal inserts are moulded with Impact Copolymer. Since the batteries are placed near the heat source, the Polypropylene grade used in this application is modified with a heat stabiliser additive.The preferred Impact Copolymer grade is Samsung BJ 500. The equivalent Repol grade is C080MT.Automotive Parts:Generally, automotive parts are moulded with PP Impact Copolymers or compounded PP Homo or Imapct Copymers. The Impact Copolymers require a good impact/stifness balance. TO enhance impact strength, EPDM is added to PPCP and melt compounded. These are used in aprts like bumpers. Parts with long flow paths and varying thicknesses require high flow grades. Controlled Rheology can be used to mould these parts without warpage.The following grades are used; depending on the properties desired:C015EGB030MGB120 MAB22MNStorage Bins:Bins are made with both HDPE and Impact Co-polymer. Perforated thin walled bins are moulded with PP Impact Copolymer of high flow grade. Polypropylene is preferred because of better ESCR properties.Thermoware:The inner container is made with PP Homopolymer and the outer with Homo or Impact Copolymer of 11.0 to 12.0 MFI. The top and bottom covers are made with Impact Copolymer of same grade.Appliances:Propylene Copolymers as such and compounded with additives are used extensively in appliances like washing machines, fans and refrigerators.PP Impact Copolymers of various MFI are used depending on the size and thickness of the product.Large products like twin-tub of washing machine require nucleated grades of PPCP, which have high stiffness and heat deflection temperature. Nucleation also shortens the moulding cycle time. Single tubs of automatic washing machines must have a beat stabilizer additive to withstand the heat given by hot water.Repol B220 MN has been accepted by M/s. Whirlpool, M/s. Godrej and M/s. BPL to mould large products.Industrial Products:Paint containers and lids are moulded with both HDPE and PPCP. UV stabilized grade of HDPE, Relene L 60075 is used, as the containers are subjected to exposure to sunlight in shops. It is advisable to add UV additive in the form of masterbatch to containers made out of PPCP also. Thin walled paint containers called "Bocans" are made out of high flow nucleated PPCP to withstand post moulding forming operations and stackability.Containers for packing grease are made out of PPCP because of better ESCR properties.Industrial valves, where chemicals are used as also pump parts, are made out of PP Homo or Impact Copolymer, depending upon the impact strength requirements. H110MA and B120MA are the respective grades of Homo and Impact Copolymers used..Moulding Problems and Suggested Remedies:Problem Possible Cause Suggested remedySink marks Material too hot Reduce cylindertemperatureInsufficient material shotinto cavityIncrease feedInsufficient dwell time Increase cylinder heatGate freezing off too early Increase mould temperaturePiece ejected too hot Increase dwell timeInsufficient effectivepressure in cavityIncrease mould temperatureIncrease cooling time inmouldIncrease pressureIncrease cylinder heatingIncrease mould temperatureVoids Gas developed by too hotmaterialReduce heatingCondensation of moistureon granulesPre-dryShrinkage due to delayed solidification of the core with respect to the outside surface in thick sections Increase pressure Increase mould temperatureSurface defects around gate Cold mouldHot mould Increase pressure Increase injection speed Increase mould temperature Cool mould near gateFlash formation Excessive injection pressure Reduce pressure, Checksprue runners and gatesMaterial too hot Reduce heatingMould faces out of line Realign mould facesInsufficient clamp pressure Increase clamp pressureForeign material of ace ofmouldClean mould facesRestriction to flow in one or Find and remove restrictionmore cavities on multi-cavity mouldPoor welds Flow marks Poor finish Material too coldInjection pressure too lowInadequate ventingDirty cavity surfaceMould temperature too lowExcessive use of mouldsurface lubricantIncrease heatingIncrease injection pressureGive enough ventingCleanIncrease mould temperatureUse of mould surfacelubricant not recommendedBrittleness Material cold Increase heatingMould cold Increase mould temperatureMaterial degraded(Yellow specks)Contamination Excessive regrind Decrease heatingCheck cylinder and hopper Reduce percentage of regrindWarping Moulded in stresses due to:(a)Material cold(b)(b) Overpacking invicinity of gate (a)Increase heating(b)(b) Check feed. Reduceinjection pressure andheating. Reduceinjection time.Part ejected too hot Increase cooling time Silver streaking Material cold Increase heatingMould cold Increase mould temperatureCondensation of moistureon mould Entrapped vapourDry and heat mouldPre-dry materialPolymer dripping from nozzle when mould is in the open position Degradation due tooverheating; polymerbecomes too fluid anddevelops gasNozzle too hotReduce temperaturesPurge cylinderReduce heat to nozzleBurn marks Improper venting Clean vents Gv:。
INJECTION MOULDING OF THIN WALLED ARTICLES
专利名称：INJECTION MOULDING OF THIN WALLED ARTICLES发明人：PATCHETT, Kim申请号：GB1998003452申请日：19981117公开号：WO99/030892P1公开日：19990624专利内容由知识产权出版社提供摘要：The present invention concerns a method for injection moulding an ultra-thin walled article such as a glove (1), having in the thickness range 0.01 mm to 2.50 mm. The method entails injecting plasticised material into a mould and then stripping the moulded article from the mould, it being a feature of the invention that themould is kept at a temperature above the no-flow temperature (NFT) of the plasticised material throughout injection of the plasticised material and stripping of the article from the mould. In this respect, the present invention enables techniques associated with injection moulding, such as for example lamination, the production of engineered surface finishes or of localised variations in thickness, to be applied to thin-walled articles.申请人：PATCHETT, Kim地址：CH国籍：CH代理机构：SUÈR, Steven, Johannes ,FREI, Alexandra, Sarah更多信息请下载全文后查看。
薄壁直桶容器热流道注射模设计
Design of Hot Runner Injection Mold for Thin-walledStraight Barrel ContainerHe Liming，Qu Qin，Xiao Hekun，Zhang Zhigang，Dong Zhongming（Shenzhen Mould Tip Injection Technology Company Limited, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, CHN）【Abstract】Taking a thin-walled straight barrel container as the research object, a hot runner in⁃jection mold with one module and 4 cavities was designed. The structure of the straight barrel is complex, with buckle positions at the bottom and the mouth, and an inverted buckle groove at the mouth of the straight barrel. The mold design realizes product demoulding through secondary part⁃ing and four-time ejection, and adopts the combination of front mold cylinder push plate, rear mold multiple ejection, strong ejection and air valve. The injection mold adopts needle valve hot runner to feed glue, which can effectively improve product quality and efficiency and reduce injec⁃tion cost. Practice has proved that the mold structure design is reasonable, the operation is reli⁃able, and the injection molded products can meet the production requirements. The mold can pro⁃vide useful reference for injection molding production of similar plastic parts.Key words:thin-walled；hot runner； injection mold；secondary ejection1引言薄壁塑料容器在人们日常生活中使用的越来越普遍，如食品、酸奶、果盒等。
金属注射成型翻译好的
4.注射成形 注射成形的目的是获得所需形状的无缺陷、颗粒均匀的 MIM成形坯体。首先将粒状喂料加热至一定高的温度使之 具有流动性，然后将其注入模腔中冷却下来得到所需形状 的具有一定刚性的坯体，然后将其从模具中取出得到MIM 成形坯。这个过程同传统塑料注射成形过程一致，但由于 MIM喂料高的粉末含量，使得其注射成形过程在工艺参数 上及其它一些方面存在很大差别，控制不当则易产生各种 缺陷。注射成形时缺陷控制问题基本可以分为二个方面， 一是成形温度、压力、时间三者函数关系设定，另一方面 则是填充时喂料在模腔中的流动就牵涉到模具设计的问题 ，包括在进料口的位置、流道的长短、排气孔的设置等， 这些都需要对喂料流变性质、模腔内温度和残余应力分布 清楚的了解。计算机模拟技术在金属粉末注射成形模具设 计方面将可发挥重要的作用。
低分子组元粘度低，流动性好，易脱去；
粘结剂一般是由低分子组元与高分子组元加上一些必要 一步脱脂法主要是一步热脱脂法，目前最先进的是amaetamold法。
尤其是从2000年开始，发展速度更加迅猛。
通二常步小 脱于脂5法0包g的的括零溶添件剂脱加脂+剂热脱构脂，成虹吸。脱脂低——分热脱子脂等组。 元粘度低，流动性好，易脱去； 尤其是从200高0年开分始，子发展组速度元更加粘迅猛度。高，强度高，保持成形坯强度。二者适当
MIM（Metal Injection Moulding）金属注射成形是从塑料注射成形行业中引伸出来的新型粉末冶金成形技术,该技术集合塑料注射成型 成本低廉，可以生产各种复杂形状的制品的特点,通过最大限度地提高金属粒子的含量并且在随后的烧结过程中完全除去粘结剂并使成
RIMPUE反应注射成型讲课文档
芳香族多异氰酸酯合成的聚氨酯树脂户外耐候性差，易黄变和粉化，属
于“黄变性多异氰酸酯”，但价格低，来源方便，在我国应用广泛.
脂肪族多异氰酸酯耐候性好，不黄变，其应用不断扩大，欧、美等发达 国家已经成为主流的多异氰酸酯单体；
MDI常温下为固体，桶装后形成整块固体，只有熔融后才能 计量使用，能耗大，使用不便，而且在常温下贮存易产生自聚而 变质，而且MDI活性大，稳定性差，其改性产品—液化（或改 性）MDI应用更广。其在常温下是液体，不仅改善了工艺性能 ，而且提高了储存稳定性。
4、RIM工艺对制备大型制品、形状复杂制品、薄壁制品更为有利，
产品表面质量好，花纹图案清晰，重现性好。
5、无需普通塑料热塑成型所需的昂贵的热流道体系，设备费仅为
热塑型结构泡沫塑料成型设备的1/2～1/3，且生产出的制品无成
型应力、成型周期短、生产效率高。
6、物料以液体形态注入模具，有利于生产断面形状复杂的制品， 可嵌入插入件一次成型，也可以在液体原料中添入某些增强材 料。可以制备带有较厚加强筋的制品，普通塑料壁厚和加强筋
⑵B料为多异氰酸酯（鞋底用MDI）
二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）
二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）是重要的二异氰酸酯；MDI分子量大，蒸气 压小，对工作环境污染小，单体可以直接使用，因此其产量不断提高，在聚氨酯泡 沫塑料、弹性体方面的应用越来越广。
MDI具有反应速度快、安全系数较高、节能环保、产品多样化等优点.
RIMPUE反应注射成型
一.RIM法介绍
简介： RIM(Reaction Injection Moulding)法：反应注射成型
，又称反应注塑模制。
由两种或两种以上高活性液体原料，经高压冲击瞬间
[方案]RIM（reactioninjectionmolding）反应注射成型
![[方案]RIM（reactioninjectionmolding）反应注射成型](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/d86b4afa4bfe04a1b0717fd5360cba1aa8118c6f.png)
RIM(reaction injection molding)反应注射成型RIM（reaction injection molding)反应注射成型RIM(reaction injection molding)反应注射成型RIM（reaction injection molding)，中文俗称反应注射成型，是20世纪70年代后期在欧美率先发展起来的。
是一种区别于传统注塑和其他成型工艺的一种特殊的工艺。
其原理是：将两种反应原材料(聚氨酯组分和树脂混合物)分别放入带有搅拌器可控温度的进料罐中,经过精确计量,在高压下进入混合头.注射开始时,混合头的阀门打开,反应物在一定压力下进入混合室,高速激烈碰撞,然后在接近大气压的压力下流入模具,经放热化学反应,在模具中形成聚氨酯聚合体。
简单的说就是：两种聚氨酯(PU)原材料在模具中通过热化学反应成型出聚氨酯((PU）零件。
Reaction Injection Molding (RIM) is the process by which molded polyurethane(PU) parts are made. In the process, 2 liquid components are mixed and injected into the mold where they chemically react and cure,which forms the polyurethane polymer parts.RIM工艺尤其适合成型大型小批量的零件。
PU（聚氨酯）树脂首先由德国拜耳（Bayer）（PU工业奠基人）教授于1937年发明，至今已有七十年历史。
聚氨酯具有强度高,耐磨性,抗撕裂,耐屈挠性,耐低温性和耐油,耐化学品性能优异及良好的血液相容性等优点等特点.聚氨酯树脂制成的产品有泡沫塑料,弹性体,涂料,胶粘剂,纤维,合成皮革以及辅面材料等品种,它广泛应用于运输，机电,船舶,土木建筑,轻工以及纺织等部门,产品与品种逐年递增,在材料工业中占有相当重要的比例，目前PU的使用量仅次于PP,ABS,PVC. 自本世纪30年代末问世以来,它的应用领域不断拓宽,产量逐年增加,发展非常迅速.RIM工艺的优点（自己总结的，希望大家来补充）：1,缩短产品开发周期,降低产品开发成本get your product to the market quickly at much low risk由于RIM工艺的低压注射性,对模具的要求较低,模具通常采用环氧树脂或铝做材料,故其成本只相当于注塑模具的很少一部分,其加工周期更是注塑模具不能比拟的,特别适合於短流程生产和样机生产,可大大缩短产品开发周期和节省产品开发成本,快速进入市场占有先机；RIM tooling can make large and complex, 3-dimensional parts at a fraction of the tooling investment of a comparable injection molding tool because such a low-viscous material exerts very little stress on the tool,and allows for ease of modification in economical challenging time. It allows you to get your product to the market quickly and at much lower risk than the tooling needed for injection molding.2,适合生产大型、小批量且高质量的产品Excellent choice for larger plastic parts produced in short run or low volume production quantities.RIM工艺使产品设计更能体现设计者的奇思妙想,由于反应原料的粘度低,流动性好,可以在压力很小的情况下成型复杂的零件,对成型较大面积的壳体具有不可比拟的优势,壁厚变化范围非常大,同一模塑件的横截面可以从6mm到28mm间变化,这是其他工艺所不能比拟的,故可整体成型壁厚变化较大的制品以提高产品的品质可靠性;其制品尺寸稳定,外表美观（可达A级曲面）,耐冲击性及耐腐蚀性良好（可以达到PC/ABS的性能）;通过调整原料的配制比例可以制作成表层坚硬的聚氨酯结构的泡沫塑料等密度不同的产品,满足客户的各种需求;Designers have more creative ideas with RIM (Reaction Injection Molding) because it can mold thin and thick walls easily in the same part because of the excellent flowability of the materials and the part shrinks a slight amount during the molding process,inserts, ribs and bosses can be molded in the part without sink marks.PU-RIM parts aredurable,chemically resistant,wear resistant,low weight and have high insulation values,and they can be rigid and solid like an injection molded ABS or they can be a structural foam or elastomeric like rubber.3,制品封装镶嵌件工艺简单 Superb encapsulation ability很多种嵌入件都可以在注塑RIM材料前放入模具中,这样,在成型过程中RIM材料就完成了嵌入件的封装,钢或铝合金的结构框架,电子传感器,电路板,电池,天线,磁铁,玻璃,金属部件等都可以用RIM 工艺封装,进而减少甚至是消除二次加工环节,这样可以：保护您的重要敏感元件免受灰尘,油污,化学药品的腐蚀污染等；使您的产品可以在潮湿甚至是水中工作；增加您的产品强度,保护重要部件免受冲击或减缓冲击带来的损害；这样从而使您的产品可以在更为恶劣的环境下工作。
材料成型工艺基础部分(中英文词汇对照)
资料成型工艺基础部分0绪论金属资料： metal material (MR)高分子资料： high-molecular material陶瓷资料： ceramic material复合资料： composition material成形工艺： formation technology1锻造锻造工艺： casting technique铸件： foundry goods（casting）机器部件： machine part毛坯： blank力学性能： mechanical property砂型锻造： sand casting process型砂： foundry sand1.1 铸件成形理论基础合金： alloy锻造性能： casting property工艺性能： processing property缩短性： constringency偏析性： aliquation氧化性： oxidizability吸气性： inspiratory铸件结构： casting structure使用性能： service performance浇不足： misrun冷隔： cold shut夹渣： cinder inclusion粘砂： sand fusion缺点： flaw, defect, falling流动性： flowing power铸型： cast (foundry mold)蓄热系数： thermal storage capacity 浇注： pouring凝结： freezing缩短性： constringency逐层凝结： layer-by-layer freezing 糊状凝结： mushy freezing结晶： crystal缩孔： shrinkage void缩松： shrinkage porosity序次凝结： progressive solidification 冷铁： iron chill补缩： feeding等温线法： constant temperature line method 接圆法： inscribed circle method锻造应力： casting stress变形： deforming裂纹： crack机械应力： mechanical stress热应力： heat stress相变应力： transformation stress气孔： blow hole铸铁： ingot铸钢： cast steel非铁合金： nonferrous alloy灰铸铁： gray cast-iorn孕育办理： inoculation球墨铸铁： spheroidal球化办理： sheroidisation可锻铸铁： ductile cast iron石墨： graphite蠕墨铸铁： vermicular cast iron热办理： heat processing铝合金： Al-alloy熔炼： fusion metallurgy铜合金： copper alloy氢脆： hydrogen brittleness1.2 锻造方法（casting method）手工造型： hand moulding机器造型： machine moulding金属型： metal mold casting金属模： permanent mould压力锻造： press casting熔模锻造： investment moulding蜡膜： cere离心锻造： centrifugal casting低压锻造： casting under low pressure 差压锻造： counter-pressure casting 陶瓷型锻造： shaw process1.3 锻造工艺设计浇注地点： pouring position分型面： mould joint活块： loose piece起模： patter drawing型芯： core型芯撑： chaplet工艺参数： processing parameter下芯： core setting合型： mould assembly冒口： casting head尺寸公差： dimensional tolerance尺寸公差带： tolerance zone机械加工余量： machining allowance 铸孔： core hole非标准： nonstandard label缩短率： rate of contraction线缩短： linear contraction体缩短： volume contraction起模斜度： pattern draft锻造圆角： curving of castings芯头： core register芯头缝隙： clearance芯座： core print seat分型线： joint line分模线： die parting line1.4 锻造结构工艺性增强筋： rib reinforcement撒砂： stuccoing腔： entocoele2金属塑性加工塑性加工： plastic working塑性： plastic property锻造： forge work冲压： punching轧制： rolling拉拔： drawing挤压： extruding细化晶粒： grain refinement 热锻： hit-forging温锻： warm forging2.1 金属塑性加工理论基础塑性变形： plastic yield加工硬化： work-hardening韧性： ductility回复温度： return temperature 再结晶： recrystallize再结晶退火： full annealing冷变形： cold deformation热变性： heat denaturation锻造比： forging ratio镦粗： upset拔长： pull out纤维组织： fibrous tissue锻造性能： forging property可锻性： forgeability变形抗力： resistance of deformation化学成分： chemical constitution热脆性： hot brittleness冷脆性： cold-shortness变形速度： deformation velocity应力状态： stress condition变形温度： deformation temperature过热： overheating过烧： burning脱碳： carbon elimination始锻温度： initiation forging temperature 终锻温度： final forging temperature 2.2 金属塑性加工方法自由锻： flat-die hammer冲孔： jetting曲折： bend曲折半径： bending radius切割： cut扭转： twist rotation错移： offsetting锻接： percussion基本工序： basic process辅助工序： auxiliary process精整工序： finishing process模锻： contour forging锻模： forging die胎膜锻： fetal membrane forging剪床： shearing machine冲床： backing-out punch冲裁： blanking弹性变形： elastic distortion塑性变形： plastic yield剪切变形： shearing deformation最小曲折半径： minimum bending radius 曲率： angularity弯裂： rupture回弹： rebound辊轧： roll forming辊锻： roll forging斜轧： oblique rolling横轧： transverse rolling辗压： tamping drum挤压： extruding拉拔： draft2.3 塑性加工工艺设计工艺规程： process specification锻件图： forging drawing敷料： dressing锻件余量： forging allowance锻件公差： forging tolerance工夹具： clamping apparatus加热设备： firing equipment加热规： heating schedule冷却规： cooling schedule后续办理： after treatment分模面： die parting face冲孔连皮： punching the wad模锻斜度： draft angle圆角半径： radius of corner圆饼类锻件： circumcresent cake-like forging 长轴类锻件： long axis-like forging2.4 锻件结构工艺性锥体： cone斜面： cant空间曲线： curve in space粗糙度： degree of roughness 2.5 冲压件结构工艺性3焊接焊接： welding铆接： riverting熔焊： fusion welding压焊： press welding钎焊： braze welding3.1 焊接理论基础冶金： metallurgy电弧焊： arc welding气焊： acetylene welding电渣焊： electro-slag welding 高能束焊： high energy welding 电子焊： electronic welding激光焊： laser welding等离子焊： plasma welding电弧： electric arc阳极区： anode region阴极区： negative polarity弧柱区： arc stream正接法： electrode negative method反接法： opposition method脱氧剂： deoxidizing agent焊缝： welded seam焊缝区： weld zone熔合区： fusion area热影响区： heat-affected zone脆性断裂： brittle fracture过热区： overheated zone正火区： normalized zone相变区： phase change zone焊接应力： welding stress缩短变形： contraction distortion角变形： angular deformation曲折变形： bend deformation歪曲变形： warping deformation波涛变形： wave transformation反变形法： reversible deformation method 刚性固定法： rigid fixing method预热： warming-up缓冷： slow cool焊后热办理： postweld heat treatment矫形办理： shape-righting3.2 焊接方法埋弧焊： hidden arc welding气体保护焊： gas shielded arc welding氩弧焊： argon welding融化极氩弧焊： consumable electrode argon welding 钨极氩弧焊： argon tungsten-arc welding二氧化碳气体保护焊：CO2 gas shielded arc welding 碳弧焊： carbon arc welding碳弧气刨： carbon arc air gouging电渣焊： electro-slag welding高能焊： high grade energy welding等离子弧切割： plasma arc cutting (PAC)堆焊： bead weld电阻焊： resistance welding电焊： electric welding缝焊： seam welding压焊： press welding多点凸焊： multiple projection welding对焊： welding neck摩擦焊： friction welding扩散焊： diffusion welding硬钎料： brazing alloy软钎料： soft solder3.3 常用金属资料的焊接焊接性： weldability焊接方法： welding method焊接资料： welding material 焊条： electrode焊剂： flux material碳素钢： carbon steel低碳钢： low carbon steel中碳钢： medium carbon steel 高碳钢： high carbon steel低合金钢： lean alloy steel不锈钢： non-corrosive steel 有色金属： nonferrous metal 3.4 焊接工艺设计型材： sectional bar药皮： coating焊丝： soldering wire连续焊缝： continuous weld断续焊缝： intermittent weld应力会合： stress concentration焊接接头： soldered joint坡口： groove对接： abutting joint搭接： lap joint角接： corner joint4粉末冶金（ power metallurgy ）粉末冶金成品： finished power metallurgical product 铁氧体： ferrite硬质合金： sintered-carbide高熔点金属： high-melting metal陶瓷： ceramic4.1 粉末冶金工艺理论基础压坯： pressed compact扩散： diffusion烧结： agglomeration固溶：solid solubility化合： combination4.2 粉末冶金的工艺流程制备： preparation预办理： anticipation还原法： reduction method电解法： electrolytic method雾化法： atomization粒度： grain size松装密度： loose density流动性： flowing power压缩性： compressibility筛分： screen separation混杂： compounding制粒： pelletization过烧： superburning欠烧： underburnt5金属复合成型技术自延伸焊接： SHS welding热等静压： HIP准热等静压： PHIP5.1 液态成型技术与固态成型技术的复合高压锻造： high-pressure casting电磁泵： magnetic-pump压射成型： injection molding柱塞： plunger piston冲头： drift pin凝结法： freezing method挤压法： extrusion method转向节： knuckle pivot制动器： arresting gear5.2 金属半凝结、半熔融成型技术凝结： freezing半熔融： semi-vitreous触变锻造： thixotropy casting触变锻造： thixotropy forging注射成型： injection molding5.3 其余金属成型新技术快速凝结： flash set非晶态： amorphous溢流法： press over system发射堆积： ejecting deposit爆炸复合法： explosion cladding method 扩散焊接： diffusion welding挤压： extruding轧制： roll down6非金属资料成型技术6.1 高分子资料成型技术高分子资料： non-metal material耐腐化： resistant material绝缘： insulation老化： ageing耐热性： heat-durability粘弹性： viscoelasticity塑料： plastic material橡胶： rubber合成纤维： synthetic fibre涂料： covering material粘结剂： agglomerant粘度： viscosity热塑性塑料： thermoplastic plastics 热固性塑料： thermosetting plastic 通用塑料： general-purpose plastics 工程塑料： engineering plastic薄膜： thin film增强塑料： reinforced plastics浇注塑料： pouring plastics注射塑料： injiection plastics挤出塑料： extrusion plastics吹塑塑料： blowing plastics模压塑料： die pressing plastics聚合物： ploymer semiconductor吸湿性： hygroscopic cargo定向作用： directional action生胶： green glue stock填料： carrier丁苯橡胶： SBR顺丁橡胶： BR氯丁橡胶： CR丁腈橡胶： NBR硅橡胶： Q聚氨酯橡胶： U压延： calender硫化： sulfuration胶粘剂： adhesive胶接： glue joint刹车片： brake block部件修复： parts renewal蜂窝夹层： honeycomb core material 6.2 工业陶瓷制品的成型技术干燥： drying坯料： blank润滑剂： anti-friction联合剂： binder热压铸： hot injiection moulding 6.3 非金属资料成型技术的新进展热压烧结： hot pressed sintering7复合资料的成型技术复合资料： composite material 树脂： resin7.1 金属复合资料的成型技术硼纤维： boron fiber钛合金： titanium alloy碳纤维： carbon filter等离子喷涂： plasma spraying 浸渍法： immersion method锭坯： ingot blank7.2 聚合物基复合资料的成型技术晶须： whisker环绕成形： enwind forming湿法环绕： wet method enwind 7.3 陶瓷复合资料成型技术料浆： slurry溶胶 - 凝胶法： sol-gel method化学气相堆积：chemical vapor deposition (CVD)原位： in situ8资料成型方法的选择粉末冶金： powder metallurgy工程塑料： engineering plastics工程陶瓷： engineering ceramics。
Injection Molding and Die Casting
Injection Molding and Die Casting Injection molding and die casting are two popular manufacturing processes used in the production of various parts and products. Both processes have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice between the two often depends on the specific requirements of the project. In this response, we will explore the differences between injection molding and die casting, their applications, and the factors to consider when deciding which process to use. Injection molding is a manufacturing process in which molten material, typically plastic or metal, is injected into a mold cavity. The material is then cooled and solidified to form the desired shape. This process is commonly used for producing high volumes of small to medium-sized parts with intricate details and complex geometries. Injection molding offers high production efficiency, repeatability, and theability to use a wide range of materials. It is widely used in the production of consumer goods, automotive parts, medical devices, and electronic components. On the other hand, die casting is a manufacturing process in which molten metal is forced into a mold cavity under high pressure. The material is then rapidly cooled and solidified to form the final product. Die casting is known for its high strength and dimensional accuracy, making it suitable for producing parts withthin walls and complex shapes. This process is commonly used in the automotive, aerospace, and appliance industries for producing components such as engine parts, housings, and structural components. When deciding between injection molding and die casting, several factors must be taken into consideration. One of the key factors is the material being used. Injection molding is more versatile in terms of the materials that can be used, including a wide range of plastics and some metals. Die casting, on the other hand, is primarily used for metals, particularly aluminum, zinc, and magnesium. The choice of material will depend on the specific properties required for the part, such as strength, durability, and heat resistance. Another factor to consider is the production volume. Injection molding is more suitable for high-volume production runs, as it offers faster cycle times and lower per-unit costs. Die casting, on the other hand, is better suited for lower to medium-volume production, as the initial tooling costs are higher but the per-unit costs decrease with higher volumes. Therefore, theexpected production volume will play a significant role in determining which process is more cost-effective for the project. Additionally, the complexity of the part and the required tolerances will also influence the choice between injection molding and die casting. Injection molding is better suited for parts with intricate details, thin walls, and complex geometries, as it allows for the use of multi-cavity molds and precise control over the molding process. Die casting, on the other hand, excels in producing parts with tight tolerances and high dimensional accuracy, making it suitable for parts that require minimal post-processing. Furthermore, the lead time for tooling and production should be taken into account when deciding between the two processes. Injection molding typically has shorter lead times for tooling and setup, making it more suitable for projects with tight deadlines or quick turnaround requirements. Die casting, on the other hand, has longer lead times for tooling and setup, but it offers faster production cycles once the tooling is in place. Therefore, the project timeline will play a crucial role in determining which process is more suitable for meeting the project deadlines. In conclusion, both injection molding and die casting are valuable manufacturing processes with their own unique advantages and applications. The choice between the two processes will depend on various factors, including the material being used, the production volume, the complexity of the part, the required tolerances, and the project timeline. By carefully evaluating these factors, manufacturers can determine the most suitable process for their specific project requirements, ultimately achieving optimal results in terms of cost-effectiveness, quality, and efficiency.。
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Injection molding of thin wall1. IntroductionIn moulding thin wall articles, a high injection speed ensures the melt does not freeze before the cavity is completely filled. Injection moulding machines below 150-ton clamping force have injection speed of above 100 mm/s, which is higher than that of bigger machines. Injection speed of more than 800 mm/s has been claimed by some Japanese injection moulding machine manufacturers. Three methods to increase injection moulding speed are described. They are1. increased pump size,2. regeneration/variable injection cylinder size,3. accumulator.2. Injection speed and injection rateInjection speed and injection rate are measures of an injection moulding machine ability to mould thin wall articles. Either or both are sometimes stated in a manufacturer machine specifications.Injection speed is the maximum linear velocity of the screw during injection. It is related to the maximum pump flow rate by Equation (1). Refer to Figure 1. Note that two injection cylinders are assumed. Refer to Figure 6. Injection speed is independent of screw diameter.Figure 1. How injection speed is determineds = 100000 * Q /(3 * 3.1416 * (D12 - D22)) -------------- (1)wheres = maximum injection speed in mm/s,Q = maximum flow rate of pump in litres/min,D1 = diameter of the injection cylinder in mm,2 = diameter of the injection cylinder piston rod in mm.Maximum injection rate is the maximum volume of melt injected into the cavity per unit time. It is dependent of screw diameter and is related to maximum injection speed by the following equation.r = 3.1416 * d2 * s / 4000 --------------------------------- (2)wherer = maximum injection rate in cc/s,d = screw diameter in mm,s = maximum injection rate in mm/s.It is better to use injection speed in comparing injection moulding machines from different manufacturers as it is independent of screw size.Ultimately, it is injection rate that determines how fast the cavity is filled. The minimum filling time is related to maximum injection rate by the following equation.t = v / r ------------------------------------------------------ (3)wheret = minimum cavity filling time in s,v = cavity volume including that of runners and sprue gate, in cc,r = maximum injection rate in cc/s.From equations (2) and (3), for a given injection speed, we conclude that a bigger diameter screw reduces the cavity filling time.The following table shows the injection speed and injection rates of an ME75 III injection moulding machine from Tat Ming Engineering Works Ltd.Table 1. Standard ME75 III injection speed and rates3. How thin is thin wall?In absolute term, a wall thickness of less than 0.5 mm could be considered thin wall. Since the amount of cooling is proportional to the cavity area and the heat in the melt is proportional to the cavity volume, cooling is very fast in thin wall moulding. When this happens, the freezing at the mould wall reduces the cross section of the flow path which must be overcome by a high injection pressure. Injection pressure is the pressure of the melt at the screw tip. Refer to Figure 2. Increasing the mould temperature does help to reduce the injection speed and injection pressure requirement but has the side effect of lengthening the cooling period.Figure 2. Thin wall mouldingFor the technically inclined, maximum injection pressure is related to maximum hydraulic pressure by the following equation.P = 2 * P h * (D12 - D22) / d2 ------------------------------ (4)whereP = maximum injection pressure,P h = maximum hydraulic pressure,D1 = diameter of the injection cylinder in mm,D2 = diameter of the injection cylinder piston rod in mm,d = screw diameter in mm.From Equation (4), one sees that an increased screw diameter, which increases maximum injection rate according to Equation (2), decreases maximum injection pressure by the same proportion. Hence, one could use screw diameter to trade off injection pressure for injection rate.The cavity pressure diagram in Figure 3 is used to estimate the clamping force needed to keep the mould halves closed, taking into account wall thickness and flow path to wall thickness ratio of the article. Cavity pressure is reduced from injection pressure by the pressure drop at the sprue gate and runners. Clamping force is cavity pressure times the area of the cavity projected onto the mould halves parting plane. Flow path is measured from the sprue gate to the extremity of the moulded part.Figure 3. Cavity pressure is a function of wall thickness and flow pathIn relativistic term, a flow path to wall thickness ratio of more than 250 could also be considered thin wall. Above 250, the curve rises very steeply as wall thickness is reduced. We conclude that thin wall moulding also requires a high clamping force.4. Increased pump sizeSome machine manufacturers provide the alternative of an increased pump size (and hence pump maximum flow rate) as a means to increase injection speed. So as not to overload the electric motor driving it, a more powerful motor accompanies the larger pump.From Equation (1), increased pump flow rate increases injection speed by the same proportion. Pumps come in discrete sizes with about 25% increase in maximum flow rate for each size in the series. However, the alternative pump is usually the next size up due to the limited excess capacity built into the standard machine (with the standard pump size).Hydraulic valve, pipe and hose limit the flow rate through them to their rated maximum. They also come in discrete sizes, e.g. 3/8 inch, 4/8 inch, etc. Unless the hydraulic elements in the injection unit are also sized up, they may become the bottleneck in increasing injection speed by a larger pump.Moulders who change the pump by themselves without consulting the machine manufacturer for the injection hydraulics' excess capacity may see only an insignificant increase in injection speed. Not all injection moulding machines are designed with increased pump size as an alternative.The following table shows the injection speed and injection rates of ME75 III with increased pump size. Compare it to Table 1.Table 2. Injection speed and rates of ME75 IIIwith increased pump size5. RegenerationRegeneration is a hydraulic circuit technique to redirect the flow out of the back of a cylinder to the front to speed up the movement. Refer to Figure 4. In an injection moulding machine, regeneration is often used to speed up mould closing. Some manufacturers use it to optionally increase injection speed. In such a machine, the injection regeneration feature could be turned on or off. Usually a speed increase of 60% is designed.Regeneration works only when the flow out of the cylinder back is less than the combined flow into the cylinder front. In fact, by conservation of flow,combined flow = regenerated flow + pump flow.Rearranged, this becomes,regenerated flow = combined flow - pump flow.This is made possible by the use of regeneration rod at the back of the piston and D3 > D2. Refer to Figure 4.Figure 4. Regeneration increases injection speedNotice that the regenerated flow has the same hydraulic pressure as the pump. This is to be contrasted with the zero hydraulic pressure at the back of the cylinder in thenon-regeneration case in Figure 1.With regeneration, Equation (1) is modified as follows.s r = 100000 * Q/(3 * 3.1416 * (D32 - D22)) ---------------------------------- (5)wheres r = maximum injection speed with regeneration in mm/s,Q = maximum flow rate of pump in litres/min,D3 = diameter of the injection cylinder regeneration rod in mm,D2 = diameter of the injection cylinder piston rod in mm.Similarly, Equations (2), (3) and (4) are modified as follows.r r = 3.1416 * d2 * s r/4000 ----------------------------- (6)wherer r = maximum injection rate with regeneration in cc/s.t r = v / r r ---------------------------------- (7)wheret r = minimum cavity filling time with regeneration in s.P r = 2 * P h * (D32 - D22) / d2 --------------------------------- (8)whereP r = maximum injection pressure with regeneration.Regeneration actually trades off injection pressure for injection speed. Intuitively, the back of the cylinder is now pressurized the same as the front of the cylinder. The differential area on the two sides leaves a net force in the injection direction. This net force is smaller than the force without regeneration. Compare Figure 4 to Figure 1.Injection pressure is reduced by the proportion injection speed is increased. Refer to Equation (9) which is derived from Equations (1), (4), (5) and (8).P r = P * s / s r ------------------------------- (9)whereP r = maximum injection pressure using regeneration,P = maximum injection pressure without regeneration,s r = maximum injection speed using regeneration,s = maximum injection speed without regeneration.When the reduced injection pressure does not satisfy the thin wall moulding requirement, this method is not useful.The following table shows the injection speeds, injection rates and injection pressures of an ME55 III injection moulding machine with and without regeneration.Table 3 Standard ME55 III with and without regenerationIncreased pump size and regeneration could be used together. The following table shows the data of ME55 III with increased pump size.Table 4 ME55 III with increased pump size6. Variable injection cylinder sizeVariable injection cylinder size technology is based on the same principle as regeneration, trading off injection pressure for injection speed. Unlike regeneration, there is quite a few choices of injection speeds. Using three cylinders in their various combinations, one manufacturer has 7 (= 23 - 1). Refer to Figure 5.Figure 5. Seven combinations of 3 cylindersThe pressure-speed trade off is generalized from Equations (1) and (4) as follows.s i = 25000 * Q / (3 * A i) ---------------------------------- (10)wheres i = maximum injection speed using area A i, in mm/sA i = total area of an injection cylinder combination, in mm2.P i = 8 * P h * A i / (3.1416 * d2) --------------------------- (11)whereP i = maximum injection pressure using area A i,d = screw diameter, in mm.If a particular combination of injection speed and injection pressure satisfies the needs of thin wall moulding, this technology could be used.7. AccumulatorAn accumulator is an energy storing device that is most often employed to increase injection speed. Unlike regeneration and variable injection cylinder size, it does not trade off injection pressure for injection speed. The injection speed can be up to three times that without accumulator. Refer to Figure 6.Figure 6. A charged accumulator assists the pump in delivering pressurized oil to theinjection cylindersDuring the cooling phase when there is no machine movement, the delivery from the pump is directed to charge the accumulator with pressurized oil which is released during injection. Alternatively, an additional pump could be dedicated to charging the accumulator.During injection, the flow from the accumulator augments that from the pump in pushing the screw forward.Combined flow = accumulator flow + pump flow.If necessary, sized up valve and hose are called for to remove the bottlenecks into and out of the injection cylinders. A deceleration circuit is needed to brake the fast-moving screw near the end of its stroke.The following table shows the injection speed and injection rates of an ME75 III with the accumulator option. Compare it to Tables 1 and 2.Table 5 Injection speed and rates of an ME75 III with the accumulator option8. Injection compression (Coining)While not a high speed technology, injection compression technology, also known as coining, is also effective in moulding thin wall articles. It has the advantages of reduced clamping force and reduced residual stress in the article.With the mould not completely closed (e.g. short by 1 mm), injection is started. The mould is then closed, squeezing the melt to the corners of the cavity.Injection compression technology does require a more sophisticated mould and an injection moulding machine with coining capability. In particular, the machine has separate hydraulic circuits for the injection and the clamping sides as the clamp is moved during injection. Accurate shot volume is needed to fill the cavity without flashing. Accurate mould movement is also needed.。